Title
Statistical properties of the surface velocity field in the northern Gulf of Mexico sampled by GLAD drifters
Author
Mariano, A.J. (University of Miami)
Ryan, E.H.
Huntley, H.S. (University of Delaware)
Laurindo, L.C. (University of Miami)
Coelho, E. (CRME-STO)
Ozgokmen, TM (University of Miami)
Berta, M. (Istituto di Scienze Marine)
Bogucki, D (Texas A and M University)
Chen, S.S. (University of Miami)
Curcic, M. (University of Miami)
Drouin, K.L. (University of Miami)
Gough, M (University of Miami)
Haus, BK (University of Miami)
Haza, A.C. (University of Miami)
Hogan, P (Naval Research Laboratory)
Iskandarani, M (University of Miami)
Jacobs, G (Naval Research Laboratory)
Kirwan Jr., A.D. (University of Delaware)
Laxague, N (University of Miami)
Lipphardt Jr., B. (University of Delaware)
Magaldi, M.G. (Istituto di Scienze Marine; Texas A and M University)
Novelli, G. (University of Miami)
Reniers, A.J.H.M. (TU Delft Environmental Fluid Mechanics) 
Restrepo, J.M. (Oregon State University)
Smith, C (University of Miami)
Valle-Levinson, A. (University of Florida)
Wei, M. (Naval Research Laboratory)
Date
2016
Abstract
The Grand LAgrangian Deployment (GLAD) used multiscale sampling and GPS technology to observe time series of drifter positions with initial drifter separation of O(100 m) to O(10 km), and nominal 5 min sampling, during the summer and fall of 2012 in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Histograms of the velocity field and its statistical parameters are non-Gaussian; most are multimodal. The dominant periods for the surface velocity field are 1–2 days due to inertial oscillations, tides, and the sea breeze; 5–6 days due to wind forcing and submesoscale eddies; 9–10 days and two weeks or longer periods due to wind forcing and mesoscale variability, including the period of eddy rotation. The temporal e-folding scales of a fitted drifter velocity autocorrelation function are bimodal with time scales, 0.25–0.50 days and 0.9–1.4 days, and are the same order as the temporal e-folding scales of observed winds from nearby moored National Data Buoy Center stations. The Lagrangian integral time scales increase from coastal values of 8 h to offshore values of approximately 2 days with peak values of 3–4 days. The velocity variance is large, O(1)m2/s2, the surface velocity statistics are more anisotropic, and increased dispersion is observed at flow bifurcations. Horizontal diffusivity estimates are O(103)m2/s in coastal regions with weaker flow to O(105)m2/s in flow bifurcations, a strong jet, and during the passage of Hurricane Isaac. The Gulf of Mexico surface velocity statistics sampled by the GLAD drifters are a strong function of the feature sampled, topography, and wind forcing
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DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011569
ISSN
2169-9275
Source
Journal Of Geophysical Research-Oceans, 121 (7), 5193-5216
Part of collection
Institutional Repository
Document type
journal article
Rights
© 2016 A.J. Mariano, E.H. Ryan, H.S. Huntley, L.C. Laurindo, E. Coelho, TM Ozgokmen, M. Berta, D Bogucki, S.S. Chen, M. Curcic, K.L. Drouin, M Gough, BK Haus, A.C. Haza, P Hogan, M Iskandarani, G Jacobs, A.D. Kirwan Jr., N Laxague, B. Lipphardt Jr., M.G. Magaldi, G. Novelli, A.J.H.M. Reniers, J.M. Restrepo, C Smith, A. Valle-Levinson, M. Wei