The influence of flow acceleration on stone stability

The stability of a bed of stones subject to a flow is often described in terms of a critical velocity or shear stress generated by the flow. These classical design methods like for example Shields, do not take the influence of flow acceleration into account. In experiments and practice, it appeared that when a flow is accelerated, stones start...

Wave attenuation in mangrove wetlands. Red River Delta, Vietnam

Mangrove forests cover the shores of many tropical and sub-tropical coast lines. These trees are tolerant to saline environments which enables them to grow in the tidal zone. They are known for their often complex and impressive root system. From a Civil Engineering point of view, mangrove forests are interesting for since they reduce...

Experimental research of wave overtopping on a breakwater with concrete armour units

Recent research has shown that also Tetrapods can be applied in single layer application under certain conditions (D'ANGREMOND, ET AL [1999], VANDENBOSCH, ET AL [2002]). However, the placing density of the Tetrapods has to be larger than in a normal single layer application. The recently developed Xbloc? is applied in a single layer. Both in...

Breakwater stability under tsunami attack: For a site in Nicaragua