Numerical analysis of the Forchheimer coefficients and the maximum pressures for a dike with impermeable core and permeable Elastocoast layer

The Van der Meer formula for amour stability takes the Iribarren number, number of waves and damage level into account. It also contains a factor P which describes the “notional permeability” of the breakwater. This factor is based on the fact that a more permeable structure dissipates more energy and hence requires less heavy armouring. Its...

Physical model tests on stability and interlocking of new breakwater armour block Crablock

The protection of breakwater structures is in this research considered. The design of rubble mound concrete armour layers for breakwaters can be divided in a single layer system and a double layer system. The single layer system is nowadays mostly applied because of the high interlocking, high stability of the structure, reduction of concrete...

Numerical evaluation of stability methods for rubble mound breakwater toes

Seaports are often protected against waves and currents by rubble mound breakwaters. At the interface between outer breakwater slope and seabed a toe structure is often build, which provides stability to the outer slope. The toe consists of a relatively small heap of rock. Since 1977 dedicated studies are made to the stability of these rock...