· · · Repository Hydraulic Engineering Reports

The RMBFM-Project (Rubble Mound Breakwater Failure Modes) is sponsored by the Directorate General XII of the Commission of the European Communities under the Contract MAS-CT92- 0042, with the objective of contributing to the development of rational methods for the design of rubble mound breakwaters. 11 institutes from the European Union participate in the project. The paper presents an overview of the project background, the research objective, the research methodology and the research results of the project. The outcome of the project is a large amount of formulae describing important failure modes, plus development of related partial coefficients which make it possible to design according to preselected reliability levels. Due to limited space only the major activities are described.

This Final Management Report for the FLOODsite Project provides a summary of the resources and expenditure over the whole project. Detailed information on the costs is contained in the cumulative tabulations presented in the Year 5 Periodic report (T35-09-11) and are not repeated here. Details of the individual Partner Institution resources are contained in a separate Annex (report T35-09-14). This management report does not cover the progress of the project science, this is reported separately in the Publishable Final Activity Report (T35-09-09) and the Annual Activity report for Year 5 (T35-09-05) the latter report identifies that all the Deliverables of the Contract were achieved. Key messages from this final Management Report are: At the outset of FLOODsite, a total of 1421 person months were scheduled for completion of the project and the total EC grant to the project budget was set in the contract as €9.68 Million. By the end of Year 5 a total of 1725 person-months have been declared which is 121.4% of the originally planned project total. This is in line with the amount of effort anticipated at the end of Year 4. The “EC” costs1 incurred by the Consortium during the project amount to 105.6% of the maximum Commission grant to the budget and the Consortium anticipates that the grant payable will be restricted to the maximum amount of €9.68 Million. The Consortium has declared “Management Costs” of 6.946% of the maximum grant, which lies just within the 7% maximum allowance. The Management Costs include the fees paid by partners for external financial audit of their project expenditure as required by the Contract. The report concludes with a discussion of our experience of the process of procurement and management of the project. The points made here may be of value in the commissioning and management of similar large scale interdisciplinary, integrated research projects in the future

This document contains all of the Task Fact Sheets produced for the FLOODsite project, with a contents and index. These fact sheets summarise the key project outputs from the FLOODsite project.

This Final Management Report for the FLOODsite Project provides a summary of the resources and expenditure over the whole project. Detailed information on the costs is contained in the cumulative tabulations presented in the Year 5 Periodic report (T35-09-11) and are not repeated here. Details of the individual Partner Institution resources are contained in a separate Annex (report T35-09-14). This management report does not cover the progress of the project science, this is reported separately in the Publishable Final Activity Report (T35-09-09) and the Annual Activity report for Year 5 (T35-09-05) the latter report identifies that all the Deliverables of the Contract were achieved. Key messages from this final Management Report are: At the outset of FLOODsite, a total of 1421 person months were scheduled for completion of the project and the total EC grant to the project budget was set in the contract as €9.68 Million. By the end of Year 5 a total of 1725 person-months have been declared which is 121.4% of the originally planned project total. This is in line with the amount of effort anticipated at the end of Year 4. The “EC” costs1 incurred by the Consortium during the project amount to 105.6% of the maximum Commission grant to the budget and the Consortium anticipates that the grant payable will be restricted to the maximum amount of €9.68 Million. The Consortium has declared “Management Costs” of 6.946% of the maximum grant, which lies just within the 7% maximum allowance. The Management Costs include the fees paid by partners for external financial audit of their project expenditure as required by the Contract. The report concludes with a discussion of our experience of the process of procurement and management of the project. The points made here may be of value in the commissioning and management of similar large scale interdisciplinary, integrated research projects in the future

The 10 year struggle of the Rijkswaterstaat (State Department of Public Works) and contractors with the task to build a permeable sea defence structure in the Oosterschelde, has been registered in sixteen successive project reports which contain thousands of documents. These documents are sometimes complete part-project papers and sometimes not more than minutes of a meeting or time-scaled diagrams. This documentation contains all elements which belong to a design report and a project plan. That in this way a successful construction project did come about, does not lessen the need of the PGS (Management Team Oosterschelde Project) for an integrated design plan. In this design plan, the conSistency of the design is visible and can be tested, even for those who were not participants in the project. Because of the fact that the construction was designed while it was being built, the design plan was ready only when work was finished. And since writing of it had to take place during construction, often priority was given to construction instead of writing. Therefore writing of the design plan was more difficult than if it had been done before construction started. In the knowledge that this reversed procedure should not be repeated, the PGS is satisfied that a design plan did come about atal!. The report will provide the manager of the storm-surge barrier, and those who are interested, with an insight into the chosen starting-points. It is hoped that the report will also be an encouragement and a comfort to all those who may be involved with similar constructions in the future. Encouragement to make a design plan and a project plan before construction starts, and the comfort that when necessary it can also be done without these. But then it becomes crucial to have the commitment of all participants in the project to work closely together with mutual trust.

This document outlines definitions of flood risk terms to used within the FLoodsite Project.

case study coastal expansion project

An introduction to the principles and fundamentals of designing rubble mound breakwaters, led to the definition of two important white spots in designing rubble mound breakwaters. These were selected for further investigations in the present thesis. 1. Design of berm breakwaters: A generally lack of data and design formulae was identifed, but especially wave overtopping was detected as an enourmous white spot. 2. Overtopping scale effects: The motivation for the CLASH project was an expected scale effect on overtopping of rubble mound structures, leading to unsafe results obtained in a physical model. In the CLASH project comparisons of prototype and model results were performed, which confirmed the expected scale effect as more overtopping was measured in prototype. However, many possible model effects were identified, and it could not be ruled out that the differences observed were due to model effects only. Therefore, one of the main conclusions of the CLASH project was that large tests were needed, in order to obtain reliable recommendations on overtopping scale effects. These have been performed in the present project.

Voorliggend rapport: ‘Duurzame en innovatieve Zeetoegang IJmond’ is het resultaat van een project gericht op het verduurzamen van het ontwerp van de Zeetoegang. Het ontwerp en de bouw van de nieuwe Zeetoegang IJmond is een grote en complexe opgave. Door de omvang van het project hebben veel keuzes een groot effect op de omgeving en op bijvoorbeeld de materiaalbehoefte. Door de complexiteit van het project komen daarbij verschillende kansen voor synergie voor. Naast de kansen binnen de fysieke opgave past deze verkenning ook binnen de doelstelling van RWS om op duurzame wijze invulling te geven aan haar projecten. In de vraagspecificatie voor de Proof of Concept van de Zeetoegang wordt gesproken over ‘beoordelen van varianten op duurzaamheid (energieverbruik en materiaalgebruik)’. Het doel van deze studie is (beter inzicht te krijgen in de mogelijkheden) om een duurzaam en innovatief ontwerp voor de nieuwe zeesluis te realiseren. Zodanig dat ook het draagvlak voor het project wordt vergroot en zorgt voor uitstraling.

There is fragmentation and gaps in the approach to dealing with the required improvements to the wind models. Coordination is required for a balanced and efficient approach. The intended purpose of this document is to be a plan for this coordination. This approach can be embedded in the SBW project at diverse crucial points that require improvement. This document is a proposal for a coordinated strategy. The document is comprised of three sections. 'Part 1' describes the general strategy for the wind modelling problems. 'Part 2' provides a more detailed description of the wind modelling problems and the proposed activities. The third section consists of annexes. Each section has its own list of contents.

The IMPACT Project (www.impact-project.net) provided valuable data on breach formation processes. Five large scale field tests were performed in Norway, and a further 22 laboratory tests were performed in the UK. A review of this data has been undertaken to support breach model testing and development under Task 6.

This Communication and Dissemination plan sets out the vision, principles and philosophy for Communication and Dissemination for the FLOODsite project identifies actions that will form part of the co-ordinated Communication and Dissemination activities for the project, recognising that these actions will be scoped and co-ordinated more fully as the project progresses and provides guidance to Task Leaders regarding how actions should be planned and undertaken.

This document can be considered as a kind of “cookbook” for preparing flood maps. The “cookbook” was made in the framework of the PPA04/SK/8/13 project entitled “Determination of inundation area”. The project focussed on the transfer of knowledge in the field of preparing flood maps as required in the Slovak Water Act and resorts under the EVD. The aim of this project was the transfer of technology on how to prepare flood inundation maps (or flood plain maps). This cookbook, however, also explains how to make other types of flood maps.

A research project on berm breakwater structures was carried out with the overall objective of arriving at a better design basis. Eight European organisations from Denmark, The Netherlands, United Kingdom, Norway, Italy and Iceland participated in the joint research project co-sponsored by the European Commission under the second research and development programme on Marine Science and Technology, MAST II. Studies were made for understanding the physics of berm breakwaters, profile development, problems related to practical engineering applications and three-dimensional (3D) effects. A combination of theoretical work, physical model tests and numerical modelling was used in the project. Features of berm breakwaters are described followed by examples of prototype experience. A summary of the main results of the research project is presented, including forces on individual berm stones, numerical modelling of the flow on and in berm breakwaters and of the berm reshaping, parameter analysis, study of the influence of permeability and stone gradation, results of model tests with scour protection, and analysis of 3D model tests carried out in both deep and shallow water for studying the roundhead and trunk stability.

This project aims at the identification of a methodological approach for the analysis of medium-small basins prone to flash floods, this document is the conclusive study of the main territorial aspects of Civiglia basin, which represents a case study in order to put in practice the theoretic guidelines emerged in the development of project Premo. The study of the Civiglia basin represents both a practical application of the indications emerged in the evolution of the project and the verification and refining, with a direct evaluation of an actual case, of the theoretical analysis. This study is the prosecution of the preliminary analysis of Civiglia basin that was prepared in the first phase of project “Premo” in 1997-98. Information collected in that phase was integrated and examined in depth with analysis and field surveys that have consented to acquire a more complete information of the aspects directly or indirectly involved in the formation of flash alluvial events. In particular, the analysis of territorial aspects has foreseen the acquisition of technical information from Scientific Bodies and Public Offices in charge in the management and control of this river basin. On the basis of collected information, the study has aimed at the integration of the available data or the preparation of an ex-novo collection of the incomplete data. This procedure has permitted to prepare an up-dated and significant database of the territorial characteristics of this basin and to compare correlated information in order to identify the causes responsible for the formation of recurrent alluvial events that involve the lower urbanized area of the basin (Terrarossa area).

In het kader van de toetsing van de waterkeringen zoals voorgeschreven in de Waterwet dienen ook steenzettingen elke zes jaar getoetst te worden. Om de toetsing te vereenvoudigen is door Rijkswaterstaat in 2006 het initiatief genomen om een computerprogramma te laten ontwikkelen dat al het rekenwerk en de beoordelingen uitvoert. Er is gekozen voor een programma op basis van Microsoft Excel, omdat dit bij alle diensten van Rijkswaterstaat en de waterschappen gemakkelijk geïnstalleerd kan worden zonder tussenkomst van de ICT-afdeling. Bovendien geeft het de mogelijkheid om gemakkelijk aanvullende berekeningen aan de spreadsheet toe te voegen. In de afgelopen jaren is veel nieuwe kennis op het gebied van het toetsen van steenzettingen verworven in diverse onderzoeksprogramma's van Rijkswaterstaat (zoals het ‘Onderzoeksprogramma Kennisleemtes Steenbekledingen’). In het rekenmodel STEENTOETS2008 zijn de nieuwste inzichten verwerkt voorzover ze niet in strijd zijn met de VTV2006, en alle overige nieuwe inzichten zijn opgenomen in STEENTOETS2010. Het onderhavige project is uitgevoerd in het kader van het meerjarige project ‘Advisering steenbekledingen Zeeland’ voor het Projectbureau Zeeweringen (PBZ). Dit projectbureau is opgericht ten behoeve van de renovatie van de steenzettingen in Zeeland en is een samenwerking van Rijkswaterstaat Zeeland en het Waterschap Scheldestromen. Contractueel is de Waterdienst van Rijkswaterstaat de opdrachtgever namens PBZ voor het onderhavige project. Het deel van het project dat gericht is op kennisontwikkeling sluit aan op het Onderzoeksprogramma Kennisleemtes Steenbekledingen dat uitgevoerd is in de periode van 2003-2009 in opdracht van de Dienst Weg- en Waterbouwkunde van Rijkswaterstaat namens PBZ. In het onderhavige rapport is gedetailleerd uitgewerkt welke formules in het programma zijn opgenomen en is een korte uitleg gegeven over de structuur van het programma.

A berm and dune project for shore and hurricane protection was recently completed at Wrightsville Beach, North Carolina. A navigation project provides for a channel 14 feet deep and 400 feet wide through Hasonboro Inlet which forms the southern boundary of Wrightsville Beach. It has been found infeasible to maintain the channel by dredging alone. Ivork has been started on a 3,400-foot-long jetty on the north shore of Masonboro Inlet. The shoreward 1,700 feet will be constructed of concrete sheet-piling and the contract calls for a rubble-mound structure for the oceanward 1,700 feet. The concrete sheet-piling section of the project will include a 1,000-foot weir section with an elevation of 2 feet above mean low water, which is about midtide. A deposition basin will be provided between the jetty and the navigation channel. The paper will discuss erosion rates at Wrightsville Beach since the 1930's; shoaling in the navigation channel, describe briefly the berm and dune project at Wrightsville Beach and describe in some detail the jetty under construction, including the factors that led to the selection of a "low-weir" structure. Some of the elements that entered in the structural design will be mentioned, but complete design data will not be included since common procedures were followed and no unusual design problems were encountered.

This paper presents problems associated with restoring and expanding a small boat basin at Cordova, Alaska following the Alaskan earthquake of 27 March 1964 . It Shows that even under very adverse conditions, work can proceed and a workable result can be obtained . The paper is primarily non-technical but lessons learned here may be of use to Project Engineers in scheduling project features for design and construction of complicated or expedited projects. Landmass uplift at Cordova of 6.5 feet caused the need to deepen and enlarge the existing small boat basin. Damage to a dock by the Tsunami required immediate repair to maintain the economy and commerce. The limited working area, exceptionally tight schedules and the need to maintain mooring facilities for the fishing fleet during construction created exceptional scheduling and coordination problems. The project has completed by means of 14 separate construction contracts and 9 supply contracts totalling $2.5 million (Tables 1, 2 & 3). The wide variety of work necessary to complete the project while maintaining usable facilities included emergency dock restoration, debris cleanup, constructing retaining bulkheads and dikes, storm sewer extension, removing and reconstructing the docks, restoring utilities, removing and replacing mooring floats, constructing a road , providing rock slope protection, repairing breakwater, dredging and other features.

The overall objective of the research project on berm breakwater structures is to arrive at a better design basis, which will bring the design standards of berm breakwaters up to the level of design standards for other civil engineering structures. This objective will be reached by establishing an understanding of the physics of berm breakwaters, studies of problems related to practical engineering applications, and studies of threedimensional effects. The research is a combination of theoretical work, physical model testing and numerical modelling. The paper gives an introduction to the berm breakwater concept followed by a presentation of the main research results obtained within MAST 1. Finally, the research which is carried out as part of the MAST II project on berm breakwater structures is described, including a brief presentation of the first results.