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The invention is directed to a process for the production of a thin layer, preferably for a photovoltaic cell, which cell has at least a first contact layer, a p-type semiconductor layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, or a combined p-type/n-type semiconductor layer, and a second contact layer, said process comprising applying the layer or the various layers on top of each other, wherein at least one of the layers is applied using pulsed spraying of a solution of precursor material for the layer.

There is described a catalyst element (1) consisting of an integral whole having channels (2) extending therethrough. These channels (2) have, in circumferential sense of the cross section thereof, at least one concave wall portion and at least one convex wall portion, preferably provided by longitudinal projections (4) or grooves (7). As a result, a liquid phase (10) will preferentially be located in cavities (5) defined along the channel walls, and a gas phase (20) will preferentially be located centrally in the channels (2). Consequently, the catalyst element (1) according to the invention offers the possibility of being operated in countercurrent mode with only a slight loss of pressure

Abstract not available for NL2000654 (C2)

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of designing a projection system for a lithography projection apparatus, to provide a lithography apparatus comprising the projection system, and to provide a method for manufacturing a device by using the projection system. ; SOLUTION: In the first place, local optimization of the projection system is performed and a starting configuration corresponding to a local minimum point of a merit function is determined, or merely a known minimum point system is used as the starting configuration. In the next place, a zero thickness meniscus lens is inserted to faces in a local minimum point starting configuration having N pieces of faces, a saddle point having Morse index=1 which has N+2 pieces of faces is constructed, perturbation is added and optimization is performed on both sides of a saddle. Distances on introduced two faces are increased and two new configurations m<SB>1</SB>, m<SB>2</SB>which are new minimum points of the merit function are created. Resultantly, the respective configurations are output as computer file to be used for preparing an actual projection system, for example, as a table of parameters defining specification of the projection system.

The invention relates to a container crane for loading and unloading seaborne containers. The container crane comprises a bridge girder (7), a jib (8), at least two crabs (11, 12) which can travel along the said bridge girder and/or jib and are provided with hoist means for lifting and lowering the seaborne containers, and a second rail system which is arranged on the bridge girder and jib and extends in the longitudinal direction thereof

An electron microscope provided with an electron source; an energy-dispersive element; an accelerating tube; a plate mounted between the energy-dispersive element and the specimen, in which a selection slit is provided at right angles to the dispersive direction of the dispersive element; source imaging electron optics for obtaining an image of a source in the plane of the plate comprising the selection slit.

Varactor element (Dl; D2) having a junction region, in which the depletion capacitance of the varactor element varies when a reverse bias voltage is applied to the varactor element. The varactor element (Dl; D2) has an exponential depletion capacitance- voltage relation, e.g. obtained by providing a predetermined doping profile in the junction region. The varactor element (Dl; D2) can be used in a narrow tone spacing varactor stack arrangement, in which two varactor elements (Dl; D2) are connected in an anti-series configuration. A low impedance path for base band frequency components between a control node and each of two RF connection nodes is provided, while for fundamental and higher order harmonic frequencies, a high impedance path is provided.

The invention relates to an interface unit comprising at least a display unit for communication with a user, which is designed for being coupled with a control unit for at least one or more parameters in a living or working environment, such as the temperature setting in a house, which control unit comprises a processor for receiving and processing data inputs and transmitting data outputs. The interface unit is designed for selecting for each room separately a desired temperature setting.

The present invention relates to a luggage truck (2) comprising a loading space for luggage and provided with a conveyor belt (14) disposed in the loading space for the supply and removal of luggage, which conveyor belt is at the same time a storage unit for the luggage, wherein the conveyor belts (4) disposed in the loading space can be repositioned in height and sideways, and wherein the loading space is provided with several conveyor belts disposed next to and/or above each other.

Abstract of CA 2109759 (A1) A method and device for processing a signal are described, wherein an estimate of a multipath-induced contribution to a demodulated navigation signal is calculated and subtracted from said demodulated navigation signal to obtain an estimated line of sight contribution to said demodulated navigation signal, and a propagation time ?0 is calculated from the thus calculated line of sight contribution to said demodulated navigation signal, such that a very accurate propagation time ?0 of said navigation signal can be calculated.

The invention relates to a method of winning oil from a source via a bored well, wherein a magnetorheological fluid is introduced into the source via the bored well to re duce the water content of the oil won. Oil drilling is resumed in the presence of a magnetic field, thereby increasing the oil yield and/or decreasing the water content of the drilled oil.

The transmission modulation system minimizes the wasted 'out of band' power. The digital data (1) to be transmitted is fed via a pulse response filter (2) to a mixer (4) where it modulates a carrier wave (4). The digital data is also fed via a delay circuit (5) and identical filter (6) to a second mixer (7). The delayed signal modulates a carrier (8) which is 90 degrees out of phase with the first (4). The modulated signals are summed (9) and transmitted.

Portal crane (1) for loading and/or unloading a ship having a multiplicity of bays for containers (10) comprising a gantry (2) with travelling gear (5) for supporting the gantry on a quay (13), a boom supported by the gantry made up of a horizontal beam (6) and a jib (7) that during loading and/or unloading is an extension of the beam, and at least one crab (9) that can be driven along the jib, with hoisting means (20) for the containers. The gantry, viewed in the horizontal transverse direction of the jib, has a base width at the level of the quay.

Abstract of NL 1000617 (C1) The user wears a flexible glove (6) which is retained on the wearer's wrist by an adhesive band (7). The graphite filled tubes (1) run along two or more fingers and the thumb. The wires from the tubes are run around the wrist belt (7) to cables connected to the computer.

Abstract of WO 9318341 (A1) A method and an apparatus are described for combusting carbonaceous materials in a two-stage process. In a first reaction chamber (2), operating under fuel-rich conditions in a bubbling fluidisation regime, fuel undergoes primary combustion or gasification. Oxidising gas (5) is fed into the first reaction chamber at a velocity sufficient to maintain fluidisation.

The invention relates to a method of converting a carbon-comprising material at elevated temperature in the presence of a molecule that comprises at least one oxygen atom. According to the invention the carbon-comprising material in the fuel cell is converted substantially to carbon monoxide in a reaction with a negative enthalpy ( DELTA H) and a positive entropy change ( DELTA S), heat is supplied to the fuel cell, and at least one of the contributing reactions resulting in the formation of carbon monoxide is an electrochemical reaction producing electricity. This is a more efficient method of converting heat into electricity and at the same time converting the enthalpy of the gasification reaction into electricity.

The invention relates to an electrical measuring device for performing an electrical -impedance measurement in a contactless manner. The measuring device comprises a measuring unit which is provided with the impedance (7,8) to be measured and a passive resonance circuit (4) connected thereto for generating a measuring signal to be wirelessly received by a separate active transmitting and receiving unit for determination of the electrical impedance, upon wireless reception of an interrogation signal transmitted by the active transmitting and receiving unit'. Further, the measuring unit is provided with an additional reference circuit (5) which is preferably connected to the resonance circuit for, depending upon the interrogation signal, generating a reference signal to be received by the active transmitting and receiving unit.

The sides of the device for securing to the panels (2, 3) each comprise a separate coupling piece (7, 8) for fixing to the panel. The hinge (6) is releasably connected to each coupling piece. Independent claims also included for combinations of the hinge devices and construction panels, used to form a drop-down external wall of a building or emergency shelter or accommodation, e.g. a field hospital.