Print Email Facebook Twitter A Fully Integrated Bluetooth Low-Energy Transmitter in 28 nm CMOS With 36% System Efficiency at 3 dBm Title A Fully Integrated Bluetooth Low-Energy Transmitter in 28 nm CMOS With 36% System Efficiency at 3 dBm Author Babaie, M. (TU Delft Electronics) Kuo, F (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)) Chen, H (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)) Cho, L (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)) Jou, C. P. (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)) Hsueh, F. L. (Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC)) Shahmohammadi, M. (TU Delft Electronics) Staszewski, R.B. (University College Dublin) Date 2016 Abstract We propose a new transmitter architecture for ultra-low power radios in which the most energy-hungry RF circuits operate at a supply just above a threshold voltage of CMOS transistors. An all-digital PLL employs a digitally controlled oscillator with switching current sources to reduce supply voltage and power without sacrificing its startup margin. It also reduces 1/f noise and supply pushing, thus allowing the ADPLL, after settling, to reduce its sampling rate or shut it off entirely during a direct DCO data modulation. The switching power amplifier integrates its matching network while operating in class-E/F2 to maximally enhance its efficiency at low voltage. The transmitter is realized in 28 nm digital CMOS and satisfies all metal density and other manufacturing rules. It consumes 3.6 mW/5.5 mW while delivering 0 dBm/3 dBm RF power in Bluetooth Low-Energy mode. Subject BluetoothCMOS digital integrated circuitsMOSFET circuitsconstant current sourcesdigital phase locked loopslow-power electronicsoscillatorsradio transmittersradiofrequency integrated circuitsradiofrequency power amplifiers1/f noise reductionBluetooth low-energy modeCMOS transistorsall-digital PLLclass-E-F2 switching power amplifierdigitally controlled oscillatordirect DCO data modulationefficiency 36 percentenergy-hungry RF circuitsfully integrated Bluetooth low-energy transmitter architecturemetal densitypower 3.6 mWpower 5.5 mWsampling rate reductionsize 28 nmsupply voltage reductionswitching current sourcesthreshold voltageultra-low power radiosCMOS integrated circuitsInductorsOscillatorsQ-factorRadio frequencyRadio transmittersSwitchesAll-digital PLLBluetooth Low-EnergyInternet of Things (IoT)class-E/F 2 power amplifierlow-power transmitterlow-voltage oscillatorswitching current-source oscillator To reference this document use: http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0271a300-688f-4ebd-a56a-d4c01e294c6a DOI https://doi.org/10.1109/JSSC.2016.2551738 ISSN 0018-9200 Source IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, 51 (7), 1547-1565 Part of collection Institutional Repository Document type journal article Rights © 2016 M. Babaie, F Kuo, H Chen, L Cho, C. P. Jou, F. L. Hsueh, M. Shahmohammadi, R.B. Staszewski Files PDF 07476842.pdf 8.72 MB Close viewer /islandora/object/uuid:0271a300-688f-4ebd-a56a-d4c01e294c6a/datastream/OBJ/view