Deterioration of the piezoelectric properties of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ when using Na₂CO₃ as a sintering aid

Deterioration of the piezoelectric properties of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ when using Na₂CO₃ as a sintering aid: A crystallographic and microstructural study

Mahon, T.R. (TU Delft Novel Aerospace Materials)
Giannopoulos, D. (TU Delft Novel Aerospace Materials)
van der Zwaag, S. (TU Delft Novel Aerospace Materials)
Groen, W.A. (TU Delft Aerospace Structures & Materials; TU Delft Novel Aerospace Materials)

Aerospace Structures & Materials

2021

In this work, we present the impact of using Na₂CO₃ as a sintering aid and grain growth agent on the crystal structure, microstructure, and piezoelectric properties of (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ ceramics. The addition of Na₂CO₃ leads to a substantial increase in the grain size and density even at a reduced sintering temperature of 1025 °C. However, at the same time, the value of the piezoelectric constant d₃₃ drops dramatically. Using high-resolution x-ray diffraction analysis, we demonstrate that the decrease in piezoelectric constant is due to a change in the chemical composition of the (Bi_0.5Na_0.5)TiO₃ base material rather than due to the change in the grain size. High Na₂CO₃-addition levels lead to the formation of Bi₂O₃ as a secondary phase during sintering too.

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4896b0f8-d50c-40fa-920e-2613e2d64a17

https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0044636

2021-10-01

0021-8979

Journal of Applied Physics, 129 (13)

Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.

Institutional Repository

journal article

© 2021 T.R. Mahon, D. Giannopoulos, S. van der Zwaag, W.A. Groen