An exploration of the three-layer model including stakeholders, markets and technologies for assessments of residential smart grids

An exploration of the three-layer model including stakeholders, markets and technologies for assessments of residential smart grids

Reinders, Angèle (University of Twente; Eindhoven University of Technology)
Übermasser, Stefan (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology)
van Sark, Wilfried (Universiteit Utrecht)
Gercek, Cihan (University of Twente)
Schram, Wouter (Universiteit Utrecht)
Obinna, Uchechi (NHL University of Applied Sciences)
Lehfuss, Felix (AIT Austrian Institute of Technology)
van Mierlo, Barbara (Wageningen University & Research)
Robledo, C.B. (TU Delft Energy Technology)
van Wijk, A.J.M. (TU Delft Energy Technology)

2018

In this paper, a framework is presented for the evaluation of smart grid environment which is called the three-layer model. This three-layer model comprises three specific categories, or 'layers', namely, the stakeholder, market and technologies layers. Each layer is defined and explored herein, using an extensive literature study regarding their key elements, their descriptions and an overview of the findings from the literature. The assumption behind this study is that a solid understanding of each of the three layers and their interrelations will help in more effective assessment of residential smart grid pilots in order to better design products and services and deploy smart grid technologies in networks. Based on our review, we conclude that, in many studies, social factors associated with smart grid pilots, such as markets, social acceptance, and end-user and stakeholder demands, are most commonly defined as uncertainties and are therefore considered separately from the technical aspects of smart grids. As such, it is recommended that, in future assessments, the stakeholder and market layers should be combined with the technologies layer so as to enhance interaction between these three layers, and to be able to better evaluate residential smart energy systems in a multidisciplinary context.

Electricity market
End-users
Energy products and services
Flexibility
Renewable energy
Smart grids
Stakeholders

http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcef31d6-769a-4196-986a-b08e8643e3f3

https://doi.org/10.3390/app8122363

Applied Sciences, 8 (12)

Institutional Repository

review

© 2018 Angèle Reinders, Stefan Übermasser, Wilfried van Sark, Cihan Gercek, Wouter Schram, Uchechi Obinna, Felix Lehfuss, Barbara van Mierlo, C.B. Robledo, A.J.M. van Wijk