Bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects treated with additively manufactured porous metallic biomaterials: The effects of inelastic mechanical properties

Koolen, Marianne; Amin Yavari, S.; Lietaert, Karel; Wauthle, Ruben; Zadpoor, A.A.; Weinans, Harrie

doi:10.3390/MA13081992

Bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects treated with additively manufactured porous metallic biomaterials

Title

Bone regeneration in critical-sized bone defects treated with additively manufactured porous metallic biomaterials: The effects of inelastic mechanical properties

Author

Koolen, Marianne (University Medical Center Utrecht)
Amin Yavari, S. (University Medical Center Utrecht)
Lietaert, Karel (3D Systems Leuven)
Wauthle, Ruben (3D Systems Leuven)
Zadpoor, A.A. (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics)
Weinans, Harrie (TU Delft Biomaterials & Tissue Biomechanics; University Medical Center Utrecht)

Date

2020

Abstract

Additively manufactured (AM) porous metallic biomaterials, in general, and AM porous titanium, in particular, have recently emerged as promising candidates for bone substitution. The porous design of such materials allows for mimicking the elastic mechanical properties of native bone tissue and showed to be effective in improving bone regeneration. It is, however, not clear what role the other mechanical properties of the bulk material such as ductility play in the performance of such biomaterials. In this study, we compared the bone tissue regeneration performance of AM porous biomaterials made from the commonly used titanium alloy Ti6Al4V-ELI with that of commercially pure titanium (CP-Ti). CP-Ti was selected because of its high ductility as compared to Ti6Al4V-ELI. Critical-sized (6 mm diameter) femoral defects in rats were treated with implants made from both Ti6Al4V-ELI and CP-Ti. Bone regeneration was assessed up to 11 weeks using micro-CT scanning. The regenerated bone volume was assessed ex vivo followed by histology and biomechanical testing to assess osseointegration of the implants. The bony defects treated withAMCP-Ti implants generally showed higher volumes of regenerated bone as compared to those treated with AM Ti6Al4V-ELI. The torsional strength of the two titanium groups were similar however, and both considerably lower than those measured for intact bony tissue. These findings show the importance of material type and ductility of the bulk material in the ability for bone tissue regeneration of AM porous biomaterials.

Subject

Additively manufactured
Biomaterials
Bone regeneration
Porous titanium

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http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f085e049-5d7f-4c95-91f6-902c5af949d6

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3390/MA13081992

ISSN

1996-1944

Source

Materials, 13 (8)

Part of collection

Institutional Repository