"uuid","repository link","title","author","contributor","publication year","abstract","subject topic","language","publication type","publisher","isbn","issn","patent","patent status","bibliographic note","access restriction","embargo date","faculty","department","research group","programme","project","coordinates"
"uuid:02f71e68-bb07-4842-8e35-525bb54893b4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:02f71e68-bb07-4842-8e35-525bb54893b4","Night Train Hub Berlin: Connecting Berlin with the rest of Europe","Schipper, Broer (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Zalingen, J.M. (mentor); Eckardt, H.F. (graduation committee); Söylev, Y. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2024","The night train hub Berlin is a station specifically designed for night train travel. This would be for a future scenario where long-distance travel throughout Europe is done by night trains. The design is located in the east of Berlin where Station Berlin Lichtenberg is now. Currently, it is an underutilized station. The main reason for this future of night train travel would be sustainability. To convince people to travel sustainable, comfort is an important theme. The design tries to balance comfort on one hand and sustainability on the other hand. Comfort is integrated in the design of the station, through the program of the building but also materialization and the architectural theme of light. The latter is in important since the design also deals with the time-specificness of night train travel. With trains always departing in the evening and arriving in the morning.
The new station design has three entrances and a square which covers the train tracks to add public space to the city of Berlin. Next to that the design contains a central station hall which houses a lounge and a capsule hotel. This will be the first impression people have of Berlin when they arrive by night train.
The project started off with a theoretical framework, in which the 10R design strategies, such as reuse, repair and recycling, for the CE were examined on their effectiveness in playground design. Both academic literature and stakeholder & expert interviews enriched the knowledge needed to answer the research question. This resulted in the following design considerations which were the basis for developing the PE as described in this thesis:
Create an interchangeable and customizable system with components that are easy to (dis-)assemble (product-service system with modular play modules)
Design with a mono-material
Design with a material which comes from a waste stream
Design with a material which allows for form freedom
Design with a material which is resistant to wear and tear and external conditions (cold, heat, moist, UV radiation, etc.)
Eliminate redundant elements
Design PE modules which can fulfil multiple play functions
Design a connection system which allows for easy (dis-)assembly and consists of a minimal number of parts and different materials
Design for effective and minimal repairs and maintenance
Design with materials which can efficiently be recycled
I performed a study on an appropriate material and production method for the PE and from this I concluded on the use of 3D-printed Geopolymer with recycled aggregates, as it comes from a large Dutch waste stream, can be produced and efficiently recycled in the Netherlands, has a lifespan of several decades, allows for form freedom and colouring, and facilitates straightforward repairs and maintenance, making it an appropriate material for the Dutch CE. I was able to visit a 3D printing facility to get in contact with the material and production process, and even prototype my product here with 3D printing.
Based on conclusions derived from academic literature and a design session with 131 children aged 6-11, I concluded that the play functions climbing and swinging & swaying, among several others, could encourage children the most to play outside more and engage in more physical activity. These functions are translated into the following themes: Treetop Retreat, Rapid Rush, Acrobatic Adventure and Hideaway Hunt, which are the focus of the designed PE.","Playground; Circular economy (CE); Sustainability; Geopolymer concrete","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:655fce08-75b7-4e90-9f22-3f792f9a8a99","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:655fce08-75b7-4e90-9f22-3f792f9a8a99","Green Bond Valuation: A Numerical Mathematics Perspective: Assessing the Influence of Environmental Factors","Rutten, Jurriaan (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Vuik, Cornelis (mentor); Dwarka, V.N.S.R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2024","This thesis presents a novel approach to the pricing of green bonds, a growing segment in financial markets with an emphasis on environmental sustainability. Unlike traditional financial instruments, green bonds uniquely incorporate environmental considerations, particularly carbon price (c_t), along with traditional factors like the short rate (r_t), into their valuation. This integration is increasingly relevant in today’s economy, reflecting a shift towards sustainable finance. The core of this research involves applying advanced numerical methods, including the Finite Difference Method, Crank-Nicolson discretization, GMRES and Bi-CGSTAB, in order to develop and analyze pricing models for both green and conventional bonds. The study aims to assess how environmental factors impact the efficiency of these numerical techniques and to compare the outcomes with conventional bond models. The research reveals that green bonds, compared to conventional bonds, present unique numerical challenges, notably requiring more iterations for convergence in iterative methods GMRES and Bi-CGSTAB because of the high carbon price volatility (σc) and the ’Greenium’ phenomenon. Moreover, the comparative analysis showed that while Bi-CGSTAB outperforms GMRES in the green bond model, the opposite is true for conventional bonds. This study not only contributes to the theoretical understanding of green bond pricing but also offers practical insights for financial analysts and investors navigating this evolving market.
Keywords: Green Bonds, Bond Pricing, Zero-Coupon Bond, Short Rate Modeling, Numerical Methods, Crank-Nicolson, GMRES, BiCGSTAB, Environmental Finance, Sustainable Investing, Comparative Analysis, Financial Modeling.","Green Bonds; Bond Pricing; Zero-Coupon Bond; Short Rate Modeling; Numerical Methods; Crank-Nicolson; GMRES; Bi-CGSTAB; Environmental Finance; Sustainability; Sustainable Investing; Financial Modeling","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Mathematics | Financial Engineering","",""
"uuid:81d05add-8bad-4589-98bc-9a68d86b0a8b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:81d05add-8bad-4589-98bc-9a68d86b0a8b","Regional Allocation of Carbon Emissions for Road Freight Transport","Meijnema, Marc (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Annema, J.A. (mentor); Tavasszy, Lorant (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2024","Local governments hardly have a clear overview of their current progress in reducing emissions. This could be explained by the inadequacy of available tools. To address this issue, this research used a design cycle to explore the development of a feasible and useful method for allocating emissions in the road freight transport subsector. Four methods, two existing and two proposed, were evaluated against criteria derived from a literature review. A synthetic case study of Delft was conducted to evaluate these four methods and an indirect approach for relative accuracy, adaptability and feasibility. One of the proposed methods showed promise, but further research is needed to evaluate its absolute uncertainty. This proposed method is recommended to pursue, up until the moment the international standard only includes one method per subsector. Additionally, the proposed indirect allocation approach may offer greater flexibility when standards change and data is not fully accessible.","Emission Monitoring; Sustainability; Design Science Research; Case Study","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:9ae79525-c403-4cc0-9b71-662db3db9516","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9ae79525-c403-4cc0-9b71-662db3db9516","Hybrid Phaco: Driving circularity in eye surgery with a semi-disposable phacoemulsification redesign","Timmerman, Lars (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Diehl, J.C. (mentor); Persaud, S.M. (graduation committee); Vervaet, Joost (graduation committee); Gähler, Mart (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2024","Cataract surgeries using phacoemulsification (phaco) are standard practice, accounting for the large majority of all cataract surgeries. Reliance on sterilization processes has significant environmental implications, giving its energy and resource intensive nature.
This thesis introduces a novel hybrid phaco handpiece design, eliminating the need for sterilization by adding a disposable to facilitate sterile use, combined with a reusable as driver of ultrasound. This product is the first step towards a proposed fully circular system. This project has a focus on reducing impact, while maintaining phaco functionality; it does so by testing for phaco ultrasound characteristics and functioning fluidics while addressing the challenges associated with sterilization. The design emphasizes quick, secure, and sterile assembly in the operating room (OR) while maintaining cost-effectiveness and minimizing environmental impact.
The hybrid phaco handpiece achieves its functional design by carefully managing the components responsible for ultrasound and fluidics. The internal sonotrode, driving ultrasound, is split between the disposable and reusable components, connected securely through a threaded interface. Fluidics are managed by splitting off before reaching the reusable part, employing a simple yet effective O-ring design in the disposable product.
Maintaining sterility in the OR is a critical aspect of the hybrid phaco handpiece design. Mechanical seals in O-rings provide internal sterile barriers, and a blister pack facilitates sterile interaction between non-sterile and sterile components. The contact-free assembly of the disposable into the reusable ensures a tight connection, validated by a torque ridge that breaks at a specified torque, offering a visual cue for successful connection. This usability design, validated with healthcare professionals, adds safety and fits the quick nature of cataract procedures.
The innovative sterile handover method is implemented through the packaging itself, acting as a sterile barrier between different nurses handling the disposable and reusable components. During handover, a pre-attached sterile tube sleeve is unrolled over the non-sterile component. This ensures a seamless and sterile transition during assembly, minimizing the risk of contamination.
A comprehensive functional analysis validates the hybrid design, ensuring it meets specifications. Insights gained from this analysis guide further mechanical tuning, particularly in aspects influencing ultrasound characteristics. Beyond functionality, the hybrid phaco handpiece design has environmental implications. By eliminating the need for energy-intensive sterilization procedures and reducing waste from disposable wraps, the design reduces its climate impact by 67% over the entire life cycle.
This hybrid phaco handpiece design represents a step towards a circular system in the field of cataract surgeries. Balancing functionality, sterility, and environmental impact, this novel approach not only provides new insight into sustainable phacoemulsification procedures, but also shows the potential of hybrid reusable and disposable products in healthcare.
The comparative literature research identifies two pertinent tools, DuMo and BPSC, both addressing standardization of sustainability and heritage values with distinct methodologies. The analysis of these tools' applicability in practice leads to the second phase of the research, aiming to determine if the core indicators of these tools can facilitate in the decision-making process of church transformation design.
While assessment tools primarily seek to standardize values, this paper explores their potential applications standardization of values can have in the design approach. Although not initially created for the purpose of design, the standardization achieved through these tools can enhance comprehension of various considerations in different stages of the design process. In conclusion, this research contributes to the existing framework on the standardization of heritage and sustainability values, specifically within the context of church transformations in the Netherlands.
Despite the increasing global policy focus on CE, research on the role of digital government in initiating, implementing, and consolidating a transition towards a circular economy is surprisingly scarce and fragmented, and a systematic effort in digital government research is yet to emerge.
To tackle this issue, this article sets out to answer the research question: what is the role of digital government in the transition towards a circular economy? Driven by this research question, we conduct a review on 88 empirical studies in the Information Systems (IS) and digital government fields and discuss existing research foci and gaps in relation to the types of digital technologies used, the types of stakeholders involved, the stages of the product life cycle, and the type of resources that governments draw on to advance the circular economy transition. In addition, we identify two types of transition styles, based on an analysis of the types of roles taken by the government in two cases of transition towards a circular economy.
Based on these findings, we provide two contributions to establishing a new line of research in digital government and the circular economy: an analytical framework, including a static view, a longitudinal view, and a transition style view of the role of digital government in the circular economy transition; and a research agenda that builds on our framework, to guide future research on the role of digital government in the circular economy transition.","Digital government; Circular economy; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Innovation Affairs","","",""
"uuid:2c309d76-800f-47c3-a702-3aca6f99284c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2c309d76-800f-47c3-a702-3aca6f99284c","Textile Membrane for Façade Retrofitting: Exploring Fabric Potentialities for the Development of Innovative Strategies","Procaccini, Giulia (Polytechnic of Milan); Prieto, Alejandro (Diego Portales University); Knaack, U. (TU Delft Architectural Technology); Monticelli, Carol (Polytechnic of Milan); Konstantinou, T. (TU Delft Architectural Technology)","","2024","The European building stock demands urgent renovation due to the age of the buildings, their expected lifetime, and their excessive energy consumption, which accounts for more than a third of the EU’s total emissions. However, the complexities involved, such as time, costs, and structural modifications, often discourage clients, tenants, and occupants from undergoing a building renovation process. Textile membranes, despite their long history in various architectural applications, have only been employed in façades in the last decades. Their intrinsic properties, such as lightness and flexibility, together with rapid assembly and low maintenance make these materials particularly suitable for façade retrofitting. Therefore, they are worth exploring as a way to promote the development of lightweight and easy-to-assemble façade products that could help overcome the current limitations of building retrofitting efforts. This paper aims to establish relationships between textile membranes and potential building retrofit applications. To this end, this study builds on the categorization of traditional façade retrofit strategies and proposes a new classification for textile façade retrofit products. The methodology includes a comprehensive literature review of textile properties and characteristics, along with a thorough assessment through case studies, of membrane use in façade applications. A sequential investigation leads to the main outcome of identifying three clear pathways for the development of new textile-based façade products for building retrofit.","Façade retrofit; textile façade; membrane; innovative strategies; resilient constructions; Sustainability; lightweight structures","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Architectural Technology","","",""
"uuid:92450650-4918-4713-9660-58e2ad8197a8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92450650-4918-4713-9660-58e2ad8197a8","Responsible Design Thinking for Sustainable Development: Critical Literature Review, New Conceptual Framework, and Research Agenda","Baldassarre, B.R. (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; Maastricht University School of Business and Economics); Calabretta, G. (TU Delft Methodologie en Organisatie van Design); Karpen, Ingo Oswald (Karlstad University; University of Adelaide); Bocken, Nancy (Maastricht University School of Business and Economics); Hultink, H.J. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior)","","2024","In the 1960s, influential thinkers defined design as a rational problem-solving approach to deal with the challenges of sustainable human development. In 2009, a design consultant and a business academic selected some of these ideas and successfully branded them with the term “design thinking.” As a result, design thinking has developed into a stream of innovation management research discussing how to innovate faster and better in competitive markets. This article aims to foster a reconsideration of the purposes of design thinking moving forward, in view of the sustainable development challenges intertwined with accelerating innovation in a perpetual economic growth paradigm. To this end, we use a problematization method to challenge innovation management research on design thinking. As part of this method, we first systematically collect and critically analyze the articles in this research stream. We uncover a prominent focus on economic impact, while social and environmental impacts remain largely neglected. To overcome this critical limitation, we integrate design thinking with responsible innovation theorizing. We develop a framework for responsible design thinking, explaining how to apply this approach beyond a private interest and competitive advantage logic, to address sustainable development challenges, such as climate change, resource depletion, poverty, and injustice. The framework contributes to strengthening the practical relevance of design thinking and its theoretical foundations. To catalyze this effort, we propose an agenda for future research.","Circular economy; Design; Responsible business; Responsible innovation; Sustainability; Sustainable innovation","en","review","","","","","","","","","Industrial Design Engineering","","Methodologie en Organisatie van Design","","",""
"uuid:48946273-07a9-4269-9e49-1026dd1f5ea2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48946273-07a9-4269-9e49-1026dd1f5ea2","Sustainable urban logistics: A case study of waterway integration in Amsterdam","Pourmohammadzia, N. (TU Delft Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering); van Koningsveld, M. (TU Delft Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering; Van Oord)","","2024","This paper tackles the growing challenges in urban logistics by presenting an optimal distribution network that integrates urban waterways and last-mile delivery, tailored for cities boasting extensive waterway networks. We examine Amsterdam's city center as a case study, prompted by the strain on quay walls, congestion, and emissions, urging a reevaluation of its urban logistics design. We formulate the problem as a two-echelon location routing problem with time windows and introduce a hybrid solution approach for effective resolution. Our algorithm consistently outperforms existing methods, with a superior solution quality, demonstrating its effectiveness across established and newly developed benchmark instances. In our case study, we evaluate the benefits of transitioning from a roadway-centric to a waterway-based system, showcasing significant cost savings (approximately 28 %), reductions in vehicle weight (approximately 43 %), and minimized travel distances (approximately 80 %) within the city center. The integration of electric vehicles enhances environmental sustainability, resulting in a total daily emission reduction of 43.46 kg. Our study underscores the untapped potential of inland waterways in easing urban logistics challenges. Inspired by Amsterdam's experience, global cities can adopt innovative approaches for sustainable logistics, providing valuable insights for managers striving to enhance efficiency, cut costs, and promote sustainable transportation practices.","Combinatorial optimization; Modal shift; Sustainability; Two-echelon location routing; Urban logistics; Waterways","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering","","",""
"uuid:2c383e2a-2ac6-4a8b-95ba-41ef163c9382","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2c383e2a-2ac6-4a8b-95ba-41ef163c9382","Circular economy as crisis response: A primer","Hartley, Kris (City University of Hong Kong); Baldassarre, B.R. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior; Maastricht University School of Business and Economics; Roskilde University); Kirchherr, Julian (Universiteit Utrecht; Roskilde University; Cambridge University Press)","","2024","The early 2020s have been characterized by multiple convergent crises, including the Covid-19 pandemic and economic fallout of mitigation measures, Russia's invasion of Ukraine, and the ongoing sustainability and climate change crisis. This article discusses how the concept of the circular economy can inform responses to such crises by addressing four elements of a socio-economic system: technological innovation, supply chains and markets, public policy, and consumer behaviour. Synthesizing emerging insights from the scholarly and policymaking arenas, the article identifies the following ways that the circular economy concept can be effectively framed as crisis response: focusing on circularity in a more holistic way, adopting global value chains as the primary unit of analysis, pinpointing specific circularity aspects like drivers and barriers in value chains and business models, and extending the prevailing focus on technical aspects and material flows to often overlooked trade and geopolitical considerations. This discussion aims to articulate lessons for industry, policymakers, and scholars in leveraging a circularity approach to address the world's most pressing issues.","Circular economy; Climate change; Covid-19; Crisis management; Sustainability; Ukraine invasion","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior","","",""
"uuid:537f10c1-45bc-4303-a777-ecbad5b070cd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:537f10c1-45bc-4303-a777-ecbad5b070cd","Exploring Sustainability Considerations in Construction Project Manager Decision-Making In China: An Investigation Using The Q Methodology","Xu, Xiaoyang (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Straub, A. (graduation committee); Ninan, Dr Johan (mentor); de Bruijne, M.L.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This research examines how construction project managers in China integrate sustainability into their decision-making processes despite other constraints, such as cost, time, and quality. Using a Q-methodology, the study reveals a variety of managers' perspectives and strategies on sustainability, highlighting the complexity of integrating sustainability into construction project management.
The study identified three main perspectives of construction project managers: Cost and Sustainability, People and Sustainability, Cost and Quality. The study found that in current practice there is a general preference for safety over sustainability, while there are different perspectives on the sustainability compatibility with project objectives. The study highlights the need for continuous innovation and adaptation in incorporating sustainability while recognizing the diversity of management approaches and the multifaceted nature of construction projects.
While providing practical insights for industry practitioners, the study also recognizes limitations due to data subjectivity, regional differences, and changing external conditions. It is recommended that future research be conducted to compare sustainability integration in different countries and to explore the impact of cultural, economic, regulatory, and environmental factors on sustainable construction practices.","Sustainability; Construction project; Q method; Project management","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:bec1494e-96a3-4cd5-b88e-32b5c6b3ce9c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bec1494e-96a3-4cd5-b88e-32b5c6b3ce9c","Sustainability Integration in Engineering Practice: A Comparative Life Cycle Assessment Study for the Case Study of a Wing Rib","Bakshi, Jaskrit (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Villegas, I.F. (mentor); de Bruijn, Thomas (mentor); Bergsma, O.K. (graduation committee); Sinke, J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Having seen exponential growth in demand for air travel, the aviation industry has found itself trying to find a balance between economic growth, technological development, and environmental sustainability. This saw a shift in attention towards materials such as fiber reinforced composites, predominantly thermoset in the past with higher strength-to-weight fractions. Relatively recent was the introduction of high-performance fiber reinforced thermoplastic polymer composite materials possessing more promising prospects of circularity in addition to the lightweighting capabilities. But as is, these only form for qualitative claims with no indication on how the ecological effects would pan out over the life cycle phases objectively, as well as on a relative scale.
Extending beyond the orthodox considerations and measures of aircraft performance, life cycle assessment studies encompass a comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact associated with aerospace products through the various phases of their life cycle including material extraction/production, manufacturing, operation, and the respective end-of-life treatment. The primary objective is to quantify the environmental impact of the system, offering a holistic view of the emissions, energy demand, and resource consumption.
To this end, this study constructed a comparative environmental profile, modelling for five material/manufacturing systems, namely numerically machined aluminium alloy, autoclave cured and resin transfer molded carbon fiber reinforced epoxy, autoclave consolidated, and press consolidated carbon fiber reinforced Polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) over the cradle-to-gate and the cradle-to-end of service phases in an attempt to find the best variant from an environmental perspective, while also adding a novel, semi-quantitative, robust framework of data quality assessment to the state-of-the-art.
The characterization results, under the assumption of each scenario yielding a product of the same mass and equal importance being given to each impact category (equal weighting), indicated the press consolidated carbon fiber reinforced PEKK product to be the scenario with the lowest impact over the cradle-to-gate (including only material production/extraction and product manufacturing). Over the cradle-to-end of service phases (including material production/extraction, product manufacturing, and the operational phase of the aircraft), the operational phase was observed to have an exponentially larger impact compared to the other life cycle phases causing the comparative profile to homogenize. This was reiterated by outcomes of the performed contribution analyses. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to explore the environmental benefits of lightweighting and processing waste optimization (buy-to-fly ratios quantifying the relative, quantitative benefits of lighter products and leaner manufacturing systems.
How can different stakeholders regarding the sustainable transition of the maritime industry be assessed using the discourses of Dryzek?
With a basis of Q-methodology, a list of statements was created that, based on Dryzek’s discourse theory, is then used to judge the respondents on their environmental beliefs. Also the sustainability reports of selected companies where investigated. It was possible to identify the main themes that could count on agreement/disagreement and controversy. Nature and the existence of limits to our activities where rated highly, while the way to solve it remained controversial. People are more imaginative than their company’s current policies indicate. People see the limitations to the systems that surround them. The willingness of the employees is there, or there is a lack between the strategy of the board and the values of the employees. Further action is required to bridge the gap.
It is indeed possible to asses different stakeholders and firms on their discourses and the research shows two methods to do it. The set up of the interview and the statements proved to be able to provide information about the environmentalism of the stakeholder. This information gives an insight into the social context of environmentalism and brought forward interesting observations about the willingness of the employees and the stance of the companies. The reports indicate a gap between what is needed (and wanted) and what is currently being done. The companies should be more radical and imaginative in both their vision and their solutions, instead of focussing on the solutions alone. Vision is often omitted from the reports, an important oversight.
Overarching vision and motivation can be uncovered but the specific points of departure for technological advancement remain hidden. The thesis brings a contribution to investigations on stakeholder alignment in the clean shipping sector and uncovers some important issues. The firms specific operating context remains to be investigated with more detail, as to properly find the barriers that hold back solving wicked problems. However a good effort is made to indicate the grounds for disputes from the actors.
This study aims to explore the socio-organisational drivers and policy effects on the Dutch mental health care system, focusing on AUD, to maintain sustainable quality care. It examines organizational drivers, expert perspectives, policy influence on system dynamics, and the relationship between capacity shortages and care quality. The research employs a mixed-method approach, including a literature review, exploratory interviews, a Participatory System Dynamics Modeling (PSDM) workshop, and a comparative analysis of data from 12 mental health services (MHS).
Key findings include the significance of internal factors like patient satisfaction and therapeutic alliance, and the crucial role of over and undertreatment considerations during treatment processes. External factors like self-coping, and individualization and blurring of alcohol in shops also influence both treatment effectiveness and alcohol consumption. Current policy regulations inadvertently contribute to capacity shortages and treatment gaps. System Dynamics (SD) modelling reveals that increased regulatory pressures and quality care demands lead to capacity being consumed by administrative tasks and budget gaps. This relates to a 'fixes that fail' archetype, combined with social dynamics like an ageing population and increased alcohol consumption, exacerbates the 'growth and underinvestment' archetype in the Dutch mental healthcare system.
The study highlights the unintended consequences of current policies, such as disjointed preventive measures and reduced practitioner autonomy. It also emphasizes the complexity of healthcare systems as revealed by the challenge of identifying cause-and-effect due to multiple aggregational levels, the diverse perspectives on the system both by literature and experts, the varied healthcare contexts and the multi-disciplinary and collaborative nature of (mental) healthcare. Key limitations include not fully addressing safety in health quality and challenges in integrating quantitative methods.
This thesis underscores the importance of a holistic approach in healthcare, considering both social and organizational aspects. It suggests that current policies may lead to over-regulation or insufficient prevention awareness, impacting both society and MHS organisations. Adopting a holistic system approach can enhance further understanding of policy impacts crucial for preventing a growing treatment-capacity gap and ensuring a sustainable mental health care system for society’s vulnerable members.","Mental health care; Quality of care; Sustainability; Systems Thinking; Participatory approach; System Dynamics; Policy analysis","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:1166da2a-a62d-4b53-baa3-08e6e107053b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1166da2a-a62d-4b53-baa3-08e6e107053b","The impact of base image selection on the energy efficiency of containerized applications in Docker","Tjiong, Bailey (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; TU Delft Software Engineering)","van Deursen, A. (graduation committee); Durieux, T. (mentor); Sallou, J. (mentor); Yang, J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Containerization has become a fundamental component of software development and the continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) pipeline. However, the energy overhead of containerization solutions such as Docker results not only in higher costs but also has environmental consequences. Currently, the energy efficiency of containers is often neglected, since developers mainly focus on small image size and time efficiency. Furthermore, there is also a lack of understanding about the impact of base images on the container during runtime. Therefore, the objective of this thesis is to assess the impact of base image selection on the energy efficiency of containerized workloads. This is done by running an empirical study, in which we conduct experiments with a diverse set of real-world workloads and base images. The results of this study show that the base image can have a significant impact on the energy efficiency of the container. However, the magnitude of this impact in practice depends on the workload. For some workloads (i.e. databases) this impact is more significant in practice than for others (i.e. gaming servers). While there is no single best or worst image across all workloads, Alpine is often the least energy-efficient option. Furthermore, the execution time of the container is only correlated to the energy consumption for CPU-intensive workloads. Therefore, besides image size and time efficiency, it is important to consider energy efficiency in the selection criteria as well when considering sustainable practices in software engineering.","Docker; Energy Efficiency; Containerization; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Computer Science | Software Technology","",""
"uuid:8888cdcb-df7f-470e-a950-9c3e6835580e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8888cdcb-df7f-470e-a950-9c3e6835580e","Circular Ship Design: Defining a Framework for Implementing the Circular Economy Principles into Ship Design","Hoffmann, Elise (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Pruyn, J.F.J. (mentor); Jacobs, Jeffrey (mentor); Wesselman, D.N. (mentor); Vleugel, J (graduation committee); Kana, A.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Ensuring sustainability in shipping extends beyond fuel choices to encompass the responsible use of materials in vessel construction and maintenance. Shifting from the prevailing 'take-make-dispose' model to a circular economy is crucial for enhancing sustainable waste reduction in the industry. Unlike consumer goods, current ship design primarily prioritizes functionality, cost, and operability, neglecting circularity considerations.
To integrate circularity into ship design, this project evaluates and compares frameworks like the butterfly diagram, Cradle-to-Cradle, 10R, and ReSOLVE. The chosen approach combines the 10R framework with the Material Circularity Indicator method, offering practical insights and manageable efforts for addressing circularity in ship design. The 10R framework includes strategies like Refuse, Reduce, Redesign, Reuse, Repair, Refurbish, Remanufacture, Repurpose, Recycle, and Recover, each providing a design strategy for circularity in consumer goods.
However, integrating these methods into standard design processes proves challenging due to the lack of structure. To overcome this, the 10R design strategies are fused with systems engineering, allowing for the assessment of circularity and identification of key areas for improvement in ship designs. This approach emphasises the need for a renewed system, enabling the redesign of systems with a dual focus on functionality and circularity.
Demonstrated through a case study on the wheelhouse, the framework assesses various sub-systems for their circularity levels and redesigns one sub-system, showcasing the potential for a systems engineering approach to enhance circularity. Supplier collaboration is pivotal for the framework's success, facilitating information exchange and elevating the circularity of products offered.","Circular Economy; Systems Engineering; Ship Design; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology | Ship Design","",""
"uuid:26a05da8-4b66-4a3d-90db-4151fb328aca","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26a05da8-4b66-4a3d-90db-4151fb328aca","Hydro generation potential on board sailing super yachts","van der Plas, Marijn (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering; TU Delft Marine and Transport Technology)","Gelling, J.L. (mentor); Hillege, L. (mentor); de Vos, P. (graduation committee); van Terwisga, T.J.C. (graduation committee); van Zuijlen, A.H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In response to the leading narrative of increasing sustainability in the yachting sector, a research collaboration is started between the Delft University of Technology and Dykstra Naval Architects to examine the potential use of hydro generation on board sailing superyachts. By harvesting energy from the water flow when under sail, diesel generator use can be limited, reducing overall emissions. Currently, it is not yet possible to quantify the impact of a chosen hydro generation system on the overall design during the early stages of yacht design. To assess the correct balance between the inevitable increase in system weight and size relative to, for example, emission reduction. To allow for this, a novel method is developed, presenting the designer with the opportunity to explore various hydro generation systems quickly. With the ability to complete this in an early design stage, more opportunities for hydro generation remain, and the need for a feasibility study for hydro generation is removed. In this thesis, the developed method is described, and results are presented that provide insight into its applicability. The design method considers the impact of six variables that influence hydro generation. The first three variations concern size and include the propeller diameter, battery capacity, and sail area. The remaining considerations relate to operational and design choices and include decisions on energy consumption, fixed or controllable pitch propellers, and generation in the first or third quadrant. A scenario for an ocean crossing with a sailing yacht aiming to limit fuel consumption demonstrates the influence of these considerations. The results presented in the thesis show that the method provides the basis for a later detailed design stage when an actual hydro generation system is implemented.","Hydro generation; Sailing; Ship design; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology | Ship Design","",""
"uuid:32545416-d923-432d-a2f1-4a03f3b9c6aa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:32545416-d923-432d-a2f1-4a03f3b9c6aa","Mind the “sustainability” gap: An organisational analysis on the integration of sustainability in the redevelopment of existing infrastructural assets","Atta, Omar (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Annema, J.A. (mentor); de Bruijne, M.L.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis explores the integration of sustainability in the Replacement and Renovation program (V&R) of Rijkswaterstaat (RWS) WNN, focusing on renewing and revitalizing aging infrastructure assets. With a substantial portion of RWS assets approaching the end of their design life, sustainability becomes crucial for continued functionality. The V&R program aims to modernize infrastructure, aligning with organizational sustainability goals. However, challenges in transitioning from innovation to formalization and standardization within the organization are observed. The study, based on literature review, desk research, and an in-depth case study with interviews, identifies gaps in stated ambition levels and a tension in defining sustainability among civil servants. Recommendations include raising ambition levels, providing clear subsidies for innovative solutions, and integrating financial project controllers within teams for effective funding strategies. The thesis emphasizes the need for contextual frameworks and concrete indicators to enhance sustainability in V&R projects, urging higher management to offer clearer guidance on sustainability goals of the V&R.","Sustainability; Infrastructure redevelopment; Organizational sustainability goals; Qualitative Research; Case study; Management & Organization","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:4d8af240-9c3c-48f6-b0ad-e360bf2a1dfe","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4d8af240-9c3c-48f6-b0ad-e360bf2a1dfe","Including greenhouse gas emissions in a shipping company's decision making for the logistics of spare parts: A case study for chemical tankers","Rossewij, Bas (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Pruyn, J.F.J. (mentor); Atasoy, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Shipping companies aim to reach the climate goals by following the rules from the International Maritime Oranization (IMO), which includes reducing Scope 3 emissions. Maintenance is a great contributor to the Scope 3 emissions of a shipping company, especially the transportation of spare parts. The current state-of-the-art supply chain optimisation for spare parts is based on cost and risks. This study aims to find the potential influence of including Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions into the decision-making process for the logistics of spare parts. The element of the supply chain that makes it possible to plan when a spare part is needed is the maintenance policy. Planning in advance when a part is needed is possible for Preventive Maintenance (PM), which is therefore used in this research. A model can be created by limiting the amount of risk, optimising between the freight cost, the cost of GHG emissions and the cost of capital for alternative delivery locations, using brute force calculations. This model is applied to a case study of a chemical tanker from Stolt Tankers B.V., using available data on its job history and historical location data. From the case study follows that including the GHG emissions in the decision-making process adds an additional saving in emissions and cost with respect to the original situation. It can be concluded that the amount that is saved depends on the choices of the decision-maker. The model presented in this paper is a valuable tool for providing insights into the decision.","Supply chain; Maritime spare parts; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology","",""
"uuid:1ab23655-2798-4662-ad49-ab3f080221c9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ab23655-2798-4662-ad49-ab3f080221c9","Lowering ECI/MPG value by implementing sustainable foundations for houses","Hogerheijde, Sebastiaan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Schipper, H.R. (mentor); Korff, M. (graduation committee); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Vernooij, Sander (graduation committee); Blankendaal, Tom (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This research addresses the environmental impact of foundations in lightweight housing units, focusing on BAM's timber house concept, FLOW. While the engineered timber superstructure is environmentally conscious, the foundation's contribution is often overlooked. The study aims to minimise the Environmental Cost Indicator (ECI) of FLOW houses by investigating three foundation variants through a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). The LCA compares three foundation variants: prestressed prefab concrete piles, timber foundation piles with concrete caps, and shallow concrete strip foundations, considering soil profiles in Zwolle and Delft. Results show that the timber foundation has the lowest ECI, driven by CO2 storage in the spruce timber part. Sustainable options, such as Blast Furnace Slag cement, a reduced concrete strength, and optimised processes, significantly reduce ECIs. Timber foundation piles with concrete caps emerge as the most environmentally promising. Further technical implications and feasibility research are recommended for integrating timber foundations into lightweight structures like FLOW.
The study begins with a comprehensive analysis of the current situation, while documenting the properties and conditions. Subsequently concepts are generated with help of a morphological chart and a Harris profile is employed to select the most promising concept, this is further elaborated. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted to optimize the performance of the heat reclaiming system. Finally, the results of the CFD simulations are validated with experimental research.
By reintroducing 67\% of the effluent back into the heat exchange system, a continuous flow across the heat exchanger of 35 liters per minute can be established with an operation duration of 2.5 minutes per washing-disinfection machine. Resulting in the heat reclaiming system to only operate when cold clean water is flowing through the HEX. If implemented at the GreenCycl facility, this innovation could potentially save approximately 7600 kW of electrical energy and reduce Carbon Dioxide emission by 1129 kg annually.
This study not only addresses a pressing environmental concern but also offers an easy and efficient solution with significant economic and ecological benefits.","Healthcare; Carbon emission; Heat Exchanger; Sustainability; Washing machine","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Biomedical Engineering","Evaluawaste",""
"uuid:fe91662b-6885-41d4-85ee-3f303febded5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fe91662b-6885-41d4-85ee-3f303febded5","Consensus-based single-score life cycle assessment for space missions","Verkammen, Marnix (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Menicucci, A. (mentor); Svedhem, L.H. (graduation committee); Udriot, Mathieu (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With a continuously growing number of satellites in orbit, it becomes increasingly important to assess their impacts on the Earth's environment in a standardised manner. While interest in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) for space missions has gained in strength in the past few years – particularly in Europe – no consensus has yet been reached on a single-score LCA system.
In this thesis, a consensus-based space LCA single-score is created through an international survey of experts. The report demonstrates retroactively the single-score’s use in ecodesigning the Delft University of Technology’s Delfi-n3Xt space mission. Moreover, a discussion is held on ways of implementing the single-score into early design phases.
Overall, this thesis highlights the importance of an easy-to-understand LCA tool for space systems. It shows the necessity for a tool that is implementable during the design phase of the mission, to incentivise space actors to further consider environmental impacts.","LCA; Life Cycle Assessment; space mission; space LCA; Sustainability; environmental sustainability; sustainability rating; Concurrent design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","",""
"uuid:1b4e60b1-78d7-4e5c-a464-62ea18551a78","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1b4e60b1-78d7-4e5c-a464-62ea18551a78","Development of a re-mountable timber car park","Pronk, Ivo (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (mentor); Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (graduation committee); Gard, W.F. (graduation committee); Louter, P.C. (graduation committee); Damen, Jeroen (graduation committee); van der Heide, Wim (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This Master Thesis research is carried out to investigate the most efficient re-mountable timber car park in terms of feasibility and structural performance. Applying the re-mountability principle with a sustainable material like timber is important to help the construction industry tackle environmental problems like global warming. Specifically, re-mountability is important because it ensures a second use of the car park without applying environmentally affecting processes, like redesigning or repairing the gained elements, and without creating waste.
In summary, the research question is: What is the most suitable design for a timber re-mountable car park, including global structure and details based on structural performance and feasibility?
The first part of this research is determining the most suitable floor system. This is important because of the large floor span in a timber car park and the reduced stiffness of timber compared to concrete and steel. Information is gathered by investigating car park and floor system references and the boundary conditions from regulations, material behaviour, transportation, etc. Next, a preliminary design is made for the four largest potential floor systems.
Based on this preliminary design combined with the earlier gained knowledge, the most suitable floor system is chosen in a multi-criteria analysis. A spruce CLT floor system of 140 mm thick combined with 360 mm x 1040 mm glulam beams becomes the most suitable alternative. A Triflex coating is necessary on top to ensure sufficient moisture resistance and re-mountability of the floor system. The fire resistance does not affect the floor system design because the serviceability limit state is governing.
Then, the second part of this research uses the known floor system to design the re-mountable connections in a final design phase. Using the knowledge gained from the references and boundary conditions, a bolted connection is the most suitable re-mountable connection type. However, a console is most suitable for the column-to-beam connection due to the positive effect on the necessary crane operation time.
The following paper will address this research gap by investigating a case study of water governance in Yangon, Myanmar. In February 2021, the Myanmar military staged an unexpected takeover of the government which has led to frequent clashes between the de facto authorities and the resistance movement. Within this context, the UN-Habitat office in Myanmar is in the process of establishing water distribution systems. These systems will provide clean water to inhabitants of informal settlements as a part of the COVID-WASH project. This project is an emergency response project designed to reduce the spread of COVID-19. When implementing projects in communities, UN-Habitat uses a participatory methodology called the People’s Process. The People’s Process includes the creation of Community Development Committees (CDCs) which, in the COVID-WASH project, will manage the water distribution systems. However, it is unclear how the conflict setting impacts the People’s Process and whether it is able to establish water governance systems that will be able to sustainably supply clean water to the informal settlement residents.
The research question is thus, “Does the People’s Process contribute to creating sustainable water governance structures in the current context of Yangon’s informal settlements, and if so, in what ways?” The following sub questions are used to answer the main research question: (1) What best practices exist for creating community-led sustainable water governance structures? (2) How does UN-Habitat operationalize the People's Process for water governance in Yangon's informal settlements? (3) In what ways does the People's Process compare to best practices for creating sustainable water governance and why? (4) In what ways does the conflict setting affect the ability of the Peoples' Process to create sustainable water governance and why?
Sub question one is answered through a literature review which investigates relevant fields such as participatory processes, governance of common pool resources, collaborative governance, and water governance. Literature on contextual factors relevant to the situation in Myanmar are also discussed. The results of the literature review are then used to create a theoretical framework for assessing UN-Habitat’s water governance structures. The resulting framework is grounded in a realist review which investigates how and why systems work the way they do. The following sub questions are answered with data from interviews. Nine interviews were conducted with UN-Habitat staff, members of CDC from similar projects, and one representative from the NGO WaterAid. Transcripts of the interviews were coded for analysis.
To answer sub question two, an outline of the People’s Process as used to implement the COVID-WASH project is presented and compared to other outlines of the People’s Process. Sub question three is then answered by investigating where UN-Habitat’s process aligns with the theoretical framework and where and why it does not. An actor analysis is another key result of this research. The discussion then expands on the results in order to answer the main research question, as well as sub question four.
Ultimately, the People's Process emerges as a powerful participatory model that fosters community ownership and engagement. The CDCs follow a well structured and functional governance framework. Given the 5-10 year lifecycle of the distribution systems, the governance structures appear to be somewhat sustainable within limitations. However due to a lack of clear cut parameters for sustainability, it is difficult to assess to what degree these structures are sustainable. Two points stand out from the research which may serve as areas for improvement. First, CDCs face difficulties in incentivizing community members to fill vacant positions. Second, financial constraints limit the CDCs' ability to undertake substantial improvements beyond routine O&M. It was additionally found that the conflict setting has a greater impact on UN-Habitat’s processes than on the CDC’s themselves. For the CDCs, the conflict setting primarily serves to exacerbate existing problems. As such, it may be more productive to search for ways to improve the resilience of the governance structures as a means of ensuring they are sustainable in the face of shocks to the system.
For UN-Habitat, recommendations therefore include considering how collaborative governance may be used to enhance the resilience of the systems by sharing the governance responsibilities of the CDCs among multiple actors. Additionally, greater reflection on what outcomes are sufficiently sustainable and how those can be empirically monitored and evaluated would allow for a better judgment on where improvements to the water governance structures are needed. Recommendations for future research include adding aspects of causality to the theoretical framework in order to identify which elements are directly linked to sustainability as an outcome. Additionally, further investigation into how community-led, multi-actor systems operate in a variety of conflict settings could be useful in refining the conclusions of this research.","Water Governance; Conflict; Myanmar; Sustainability; Participatory Methods; Community Development; Informal Settlements","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:e159a4b8-0672-4d4e-9a77-8486811b9b3e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e159a4b8-0672-4d4e-9a77-8486811b9b3e","Redesign of Ultrasound Gel Bottle: A Systematic Sustainable Solution for the Radiology Department at the Leiden University Medical Center","Shang, Tianxing (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Faludi, Jeremy (mentor); Kamp, L.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Radiology department at the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC) aims at preventing ultrasound gel waste of leftover ultrasound gel in the bottle and reducing the waste of plastic gel bottles. The study identified a critical environmental issue – the excessive use of disposable plastic ultrasound gel bottles in hospitals – and undertook a multifaceted investigation to address this challenge. Through examination of the environmental impact, user feedback, and risk factors associated with alternative solutions such, the research presented three sustainable redesign proposals. Among these, the gel pack design emerged as the most promising option, offering substantial improvements in environmental sustainability without compromising usability or patient safety. Successful implementation of these solutions relies on collaborative efforts involving doctors, regulatory bodies, and industry stakeholders. This research underscored the vital role of sustainability in healthcare and highlighted the potential for significant reductions in environmental impact and plastic waste while upholding healthcare standards.","Sustainability; Redesign; LCA; Industrial Ecology; Sustainable Design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","Sustainable Hospital",""
"uuid:7e3795f9-d649-40c4-aec3-476ddbb882f8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e3795f9-d649-40c4-aec3-476ddbb882f8","Study on the Technical Implementation of Carbon Capture Onboard Ships","Segura Casals, Roger (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","van Biert, L. (mentor); Peet, W.A. (mentor); De Lazzari, Elena (mentor); de Groot, Sytske (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The maritime sector CO2 emissions are one of the contributors to the increase of the concentration of this gas in the Earth's atmosphere. One of the proposed solutions for reducing these emissions is the implementation of carbon capture technologies onboard vessels. Carbon capture technologies work on the principle of apprehending the carbon dioxide resultant of any chemical process, avoiding the need to emit it into the atmosphere.
The goal of this study is to obtain a general solution to the technical challenge of implementing carbon capture technologies onboard ships. To do so, a general model is developed for the implementation of carbon capture onboard vessels regardless of their characteristics or operational profile. To test the model, two case studies are performed based on real vessels from the company Allseas where, using the developed model, a capture system design is proposed for each ship. With the input of one of these case studies and the developed model, the effect that the characteristics of the vessel's engines and the characteristics of the capture system have on the capture process is analysed.
The results from the case studies show that the proposed designs can reduce the CO2 emissions by 28% for the first case study and by 21% for the second case study. This reduction is enough to comply with the short-term objectives of the IMO in terms of CO2 emissions reduction.
The results of the characteristics analysis reveal that LNG is the preferred fuel to be used in combination with carbon capture. Small carbon capture systems have a higher performance in vessels with 2-stroke engines whereas larger carbon capture systems have a higher performance with 4-stroke engines. For the post-capture refrigeration cycles, a similar effect is observed. Small capture systems have a higher performance with absorption refrigeration cycles and large capture systems have a higher performance with vapour-compression refrigeration cycles. The reason for these results is the fact that the performance of the capture process mainly depends on the heat requirement of the capture system.
Thanks to the results of the analysis, it is found that, by combining the use of LNG and the implementation of carbon capture, a more significant reduction of the CO2 emissions for each case study can be achieved. This reduction is equal to 53% for the first case study and 46% for the second one.
To overcome these obstacles, this study employs a multifaceted methodology encompassing rheological, chemical, and mechanical analyses, along with environmental assessments. The objective is to develop an alternative binder synthesized from bio-based and waste materials that offers comparable or improved durability and performance. Our findings suggest that the alternative binder presents a viable replacement for traditional, petroleum-based bitumen. This innovation not only enhances the sustainability and circularity of road materials but also mitigates the construction industry's dependence on non-renewable oil resources.","Sustainability; Alternative binder; waste tire rubber","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2025-10-01","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:009d5078-d129-4037-a3d7-85ab4e5c435e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:009d5078-d129-4037-a3d7-85ab4e5c435e","Building a Sustainable Future of Education: An Investigation into the Sustainability of Digital Education Technologies in European Higher Education Institutions","Huang, Morris (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Okur, Ö. (mentor); van der Voort, H.G. (graduation committee); Huang, Yilin (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The digitalization of European universities’ tool infrastructure has transformed how institutions operate and deliver education to students, from sharing content on learning management systems to hosting lectures on video-conferencing platforms. However, despite many new benefits of digital education technologies (DETs) and their contribution to reaching the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 4 targets for Quality Education, it also comes with new challenges like user privacy, environmental impacts, and shifting power dynamics between institutions and service providers. Additionally, concerns have been raised regarding the responsible development and longevity of the university’s digital infrastructure given the recent rapid digitalization trend and how new DETs are selected.
Sustainability assessment can be a useful model to evaluate an institution’s DET selection process as it provides a holistic evaluation through a multidimensional perspective to develop a more responsible and future-proof approach to digital education infrastructure. However, a multidimensional sustainability analysis has not been applied in the context of DET selection. Therefore, it is unclear to decision-makers what sustainable DET looks like and what role sustainability plays in the DET selection process. This study addressed this gap by answering the following question: How are European higher education institutions incorporating sustainability into selecting digital education technologies?
The sustainability dimensions of DETs were formulated by conducting a literature review of contemporary models, encompassing the environmental, social, and technological aspects. A more sustainable DET increases the positive impact along each of these dimensions. An environmentally sustain- able DET preserves and protects natural resources by reducing the environmental impact through its hardware and software. A socially sustainable DET increases equal access to education for all learners, regardless of socioeconomic status, disabilities, or geographic location while preserving individual privacy. A technologically sustainable DET is long-lasting, possesses the necessary functionalities, and balances a tool’s simplicity, openness, and ownership. While most sustainability models include the economic dimension, due to the university’s non-profit nature and the common prioritization of economic factors above other criteria in decision-making, this study excluded the economic dimension to examine the other dimensions more closely. Furthermore, the pedagogical dimension was omitted due to its sustainability considerations typically arising after the implementation of a DET, rather than during its selection stage and therefore is beyond the scope of this research.
Four key actors involved in the DET selection process were identified through an actor analysis. These include the university’s Head of IT who oversees the institution’s infrastructure system and their IT tool specialists who provide technical expertise, service providers whose products comprise the DET market, and education associations who help universities procure DETs. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with European university Heads of IT to gather data on the current DET selection process and the challenges institutions face when incorporating sustainability into DET selection.
The sustainability dimensions were used in conjunction with grounded theory open and axial coding analysis to evaluate the sustainability of current DET selection processes. The results showed that decision-makers predominantly utilize the EU-regulated tendering process to select DETs, which comprises minimal sustainability criteria while assigning significant importance to the economic factor (i.e., DET price). Additionally, interviewees shared they prioritize social and technological sustainability, specifically the privacy, data security, and functionality of DETs over other sustainability criteria. On the other hand, environmental sustainability is underrepresented in DET selection criteria. This is primarily due to the lack of available data and initiatives collecting DET environmental impact metrics, making it difficult for decision-makers to create relevant requirements and kickout criteria to compare DET options based on environmental sustainability. Finally, the analysis illustrated the three most common challenges that hinder sustainable DET selection are the limited financial and human resources, the insignificant or lack of sustainability criterion weighting, and the long and inflexible tender process.
Overall, this study contributes to filling the knowledge gap in understanding the sustainability of current European universities’ DET selection process and highlights key challenges decision-makers and researchers should focus on to improve the sustainability of digital education technologies. Future research can build on this work by expanding the scope beyond Northwestern European institutions, interviewing other decision-maker actors, and developing a standardized selection process for sustainable DET selection.
Additionally, recommendations were made to the four actor groups as well as general advice for universities to increase DET sustainability. The Head of IT should prioritize the environmental aspect in DET criteria and collaborate with service providers to address environmental impact metrics. They should also encourage the development of new tools by teachers and students. The IT tool specialist should engage in co-development with service providers for better tool support and to ensure a secure and functional digital infrastructure. Service providers need to align their products with sustainability criteria, propose pilot projects to universities, and share environmental impact metrics with relevant stakeholders. Education associations should organize collective efforts to enhance the sustainability of the DET tendering process and offer streamlined services like joint procurement and model contracts to simplify the selection process. Universities could transition to renewable energy to reduce DET’s carbon footprint, implement e-waste recycling and disposal programs, and support research into sustainable DET.","Digital education; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1K4XZEIYKSaIPBHQd7Cb-a6sEV8gq7yqTiyXoc1o3dNA/edit?usp=sharing Codebook","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:8e4ca28b-134f-402b-80ea-f3e8f1fc63db","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8e4ca28b-134f-402b-80ea-f3e8f1fc63db","Environmental trade-offs of aerostructures: A prospective lifecycle assessment of wing ribs","Arblaster, Thomas (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering; TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Villegas, I.F. (mentor); Steubing, Bernhard (mentor); Teuwen, Julie J.E. (graduation committee); Dedoussi, I.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Emerging in the domain of composite manufacturing, thermoplastic polymers can enable the reduction of process times, costs, and waste. In this study, lifecycle assessment (LCA) is used to evaluate a design for a carbon fibre-reinforced thermoplastic (CFRTP) wing rib, made from carbon fibre and polyetherketoneketone (CF/PEKK). The CF/PEKK rib is compared to several hypothetical alternatives, considering autoclave and resin transfer moulding of CF/epoxy and milled aluminium alloy.
The comparison uses novel and state-of-the-art techniques. Using scenario analysis, several perspectives are considered: recyclability, mass-induced energy demand, and alternative energy carriers. The analysis of energy carriers and end-of-life processes incorporates prospective methods to explore the effects of the energy transition. Across these scenarios, it was found that, when there is a mass difference among alternatives of 2% or more, the lighter alternative will be preferred, regardless of other factors. Through sensitivity analyses, potential was found for this margin to grow to 3% under extreme conditions, and to around 5-10% when shifting the whole lifecycle into the future. When dealing with smaller mass differences, material production and manufacturing waste become distinguishers of environmental performance.
These insights are valuable when exploring novel materials and manufacturing methods for commercial aviation. The approach defined in this thesis can be extended to any other application which has a lightweighting imperative, such as automotive, shipping, rail, or wind turbines. Building on this thesis, guidance can be provided on how and where to apply novel materials across multiple product lifecycles.
The extractor is used to take the menstrual cup out of the vagina canal. This is done by inserting the extractor next to the cup until it passes the rim of the cup. This will release the vacuum that is created by the cup and enable the user to pull it out. The cup is grabbed by the loop, before it is completely out of the vagina canal, so it does not fall.
To come to these final solutions, an analysis, ideation, integration and evaluation were conducted. The analysis provides knowledge about the company Beppy, their customers, related products, inspirational products and designs and general knowledge about the menstrual cycle and anatomy. By conducting a questionnaire and gaining insights from client support, a user journey is made to visualize the troubles experienced during the use of a cup. The insights from the analysis are concluded in the requirements.
To come to concepts, explorative ideation started during the analysis, followed by a brainstorm ideation via a structured micro user step scenario. This was divided into three parts: folding, inserting and extracting. Some of the mirco steps were ideated on and were combined to create ideas to 3D print prototypes with TPU.
The concepts were integrated until they worked properly when tested on vagina dummies and were ready to create silicone prototypes with by the manufacturer of Beppy. The extractor was not as thoroughly integrated as the applicator, because the applicator was more important for the company to develop. The design of the extractor is not yet up to the standard of Beppy, so they would want to continue with developing the design before proceeding with the creation of samples to test. The sample production of the extractor was also more expensive and would take too long to produce for this graduation project.
To test the applicator with users, a 3D printed mold was made and used to create silicone prototypes by the manufacturer. Six participants tested the applicator and gave feedback via a feedback form, first impression video and interview. The feedback was analysed, so a redesign could be made with which Beppy can continue its development.
The final design of the extractor is functional yet not fully shaped in a coherent design. The final design of the applicator is a promising product, that improves the experience of menstrual cup users by making is less intimidating and more convenient.","Menstrual cup; Applicator; Extractor; User Experience Design; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:4e2d757d-4a47-4917-ab3c-4a9ae92b2faf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4e2d757d-4a47-4917-ab3c-4a9ae92b2faf","Reprocessing of uni-directional Biosense Webster ablation catheters: a novel disassembly method: Extraction of the yielding parts and/or materials from the Thermocool Smarttouch SF Uni-directional ablation catheter","Wigchert, Lisanne (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering; TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)","Horeman, T. (mentor); van Straten, Bart (graduation committee); Dankelman, J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Annually, around 180,000 cardiac ablation procedures are performed as a result of people experiencing cardiac arrhythmia’s. During this ablation procedure, an ablation catheter is used to scar the problematic cardiac tissue after which the arrhythmia will stop. The ablation catheter is discarded after one single use. Incineration of these ablation catheters not only means destruction of valuable product, but also additional carbon emissions and pollution. The goal of this research is to design a novel disassembly method for the Thermocool Smarttouch SF Uni-directional Catheter (TAC) to enable extraction of the most yielding parts and/or materials. By means of a Hotspot Map and a part-specific cost estimation the most yielding parts (or PoIs) of the TAC were determined to be the shell, the ring electrodes and the electronics unit. The novel disassembly method was designed with those PoIs in mind and consists of two separate entities: a disassembly prototype (designed to enable extraction of the determined PoIs) and an ultrasonic cleaning stage (to further purify the extracted PoIs). The novel disassembly method was validated and indeed proved to be extracting the PoIs in a more successful, pure, and reasonably timely way compared to a previously performed rough disassembly. Therefore, the outcome of project is successful. However, a critical note must be introduced. Sustainability-wise the outcome is promising, however, from a business standpoint this could be more difficult. Almost all extracted PoIs will be damaged to some extent, and rules say only virgin materials can be used for the development of new catheters: only the costs of the extracted raw material will be yielded. All value added during the manufacturing stage is lost. Taking into account the additional costs of disinfection, shipping, labour and further reprocessing methods, this novel disassembly method would possibly cost more than it would recover. Other opportunities like multiple uses, detachable (sub)assemblies or alternative business cases should be explored.","Catheter; Ablation; Medical device; Reprocessing; Extraction; Thermocool Smarttouch SF uni-directional ablation catheter; Biosense Webster; Disassembly tree; Disassembly method; Parts of Interest; Shell; Ring electrodes; Electronics unit; Sustainability; Circularity; Reuse","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2025-09-21","","","","Biomedical Engineering","",""
"uuid:b02fedd5-86ff-4b24-8421-c94d7795fa7b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b02fedd5-86ff-4b24-8421-c94d7795fa7b","Feasibility Study & Embodiment Design of a More Efficient Frying Pan for Commercial Kitchens","de Vries, Wytze (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Minnoye, A.L.M. (mentor); van de Geer, S.G. (graduation committee); Tempelman, E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This design report discusses the embodiment design of a more efficient frying pan for gas powered stoves in commercial kitchens, to see if a potential market entry is feasible, viable and desirable. Conventional pans have a thermal efficiency of roughly 25%. This means that only 25% of the heat coming from the combusted gas is used for cooking. The rest - 75% - is not being absorbed by the pan and is wasted as heat to the kitchen environment.
In the beginning of 2022, a start-up called ‘NeoStove’ developed a proof-of-concept for a more efficient pan. It has proven that it is possible to double the thermal efficiency from 25% to 50%, at the cost of a higher product complexity. This increased complexity poses challenges in the domain of manufacturing, such as thin-walled fin structures to enlarge the effective surface area, as seen in heat sink configurations. A production process called high pressure die casting (HPDC) is used to achieve the required complexity and detailing that enable such a thermal efficient pan. The material used is an aluminium alloy, which is exceptionally suitable for the HPDC process. This process in combination with the alloy offers a set of benefits over a steel counterpart. First, aluminium is a metal with a high thermal conductivity that allows for excellent propagation of heat through the pan resulting in a beter heat distribution. Secondly, it is lightweight so it reduces physical strain on joints and ligaments of chefs, and results in a faster heat-up and cool-down time (Newton’s Law of Cooling). Thirdly, aluminium is relatively affordable and castable, which helps limiting production costs and puting a competitive product in the market.
From a user perspective, it is important to note that both the increased thermal efficiency and the added geometric complexity of the pan result in a slightly altered way of cooking. The design of a pan has remained more or less the same for thousands of years, so it might be difficult for a chef to adapt. The aim of the new design is to not hamper the workflow of the chef, but have it seamlessly integrated with their existing way of working. It is clear that a product manifesting itself in the harsh commercial kitchen environment requires a simple and robust setup, since physical abuse of kitchen equipment occurs on a regular basis. To illustrate, a typical frying pan with a synthetic non-stick coating has an average lifespan of 4 months among the restaurants interviewed in this study (n=27). The top three reasons for failure of a frying pan (end-of-life) are: 1) wearing-off non-stick coating, 2) warped base and 3) broken handle (-atachment). These challenges - amongst others - are tackled in this project with a set of design choices. First of all, the pan is hard anodized which results in an improved surface hardness and scratch resistance. Secondly, the fin geometry is designed in such a way that it improves thermal behaviour and structural integrity of the pan, preventing it from warping during thermal shock events and reduce the chance of damage from impact forces during drops. Lastly, the handle is issued with a three-point rivet atachment to the pan. This is the strongest analysed atachment technique that is seen on pans on the market, and it passes a 10 kg bending test.
The prototypes developed during this project have been pilot tested at 3 different restaurants and did not show any signs of wear during these multi-week trail periods. User inputs from the pilot tests are used to improve and iterate upon the design.","Design; Engineering; Sustainability; Thermodynamics; Manufacturing; Product Experience; Cooking; Efficiency; Energy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2024-09-11","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:90d67685-5811-43a3-86d4-bf9a34e12ecf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:90d67685-5811-43a3-86d4-bf9a34e12ecf","Step Into the Driver’s Seat: A Participatory Value Evaluation of the Public Transport Policy Preferences of the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area & Israeli Face Validity Analysis","Golan, Emily (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Mouter, N. (mentor); Cats, O. (graduation committee); Veeneman, Wijnand (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The transportation system in Israel is facing a crisis due to its heavy reliance on private vehicles. To shift towards sustainable mobility, improving public transport quality in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area is crucial. This research investigates the preferences of Tel Aviv citizens regarding transport projects aimed at enhancing public transport and encouraging alternative mobility methods. The study utilizes the Participatory Value Evaluation (PVE) method, where citizens curate their preferred project portfolio within a limited budget, assuming decision-making authority. The research also explores the face validity of PVE in Israel, considering the distinct governance perception in the country. This research provides valuable insights into Tel Aviv citizens' preferences for transport projects that enhance public transport quality and promote sustainable mobility. Through the application of PVE, the study reveals project preferences, face validity perceptions, and potential avenues for future research, contributing to the advancement of sustainable transport policies and decision-making processes in Israel.","public policy; Public Participation; appraisal; Public transport; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM)","",""
"uuid:5fc18ca1-269f-4528-a8a9-a3930d0ad48c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5fc18ca1-269f-4528-a8a9-a3930d0ad48c","Developing a Circular Cup System at Schiphol Airport","CHEN, YU (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","van Dam, Sonja (mentor); Granato, G. (graduation committee); Tschavgova, E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The global shift towards sustainability has spotlighted the environmental implications of disposable takeaway coffee cups, particularly their contribution to landfill waste and ocean pollution. This report delves into the pressing challenge of reducing disposable cup waste at Schiphol Airport, especially in light of the impending Dutch regulations effective from 1 January 2024, which prohibit establishments from offering disposable plastic cups for on-site consumption.
Through comprehensive literature review and desktop research, I explored potential market alternatives, analyzing them from regulatory, business, consumer, and sustainability perspectives. My findings suggest that polypropylene (PP) cups are emerging as a preferred alternative to disposable paper cups after considering various factors.
Observations at Schiphol Airport and interviews with passengers provided insights into their preferences and perceived challenges regarding sustainable cup solutions. While there's a general preference for lightweight, portable, and easy-to-dispose cups, some concerns have emerged regarding the cleanliness and hygiene of reusable cups made from new materials, as well as the inconvenience of bringing personal cups to the airport.Stakeholder interviews highlighted challenges they face due to the new regulations, such as limited kitchen space for washing, concerns about brand experience, increased workload for cleaning companies due to improper disposal, and the difficulty of finding a one-size-fits-all solution.
In response to these challenges and insights, I propose a new service system, ""Cupmates: Journey to a Zero-Waste Future."" This system introduces reusable PP cups, complemented by branded sleeves for various shops, ensuring brand experience. Passengers pay a deposit for the cup and lid, which is refunded upon returning the used items to smart return box equipped with an electronic payment system. An optional QR code provides users with more information about the Cupmates service. The backend process involves a centralized collection, in-airport dishwasher cleaning, and redistribution for the cups.
Feedback from potential users and key stakeholders suggests that this solution is both feasible and viable for airport implementation and satisfactory for passengers. The report also offers recommendations for implementation, ensuring a smooth transition to a more sustainable future at Schiphol Airport. This project offers a possible solution for Schiphol Airport to address the challenges of single-use plastics and transition towards a more sustainable operational model.","Circular cup system; Sustainability; Schiphol Airport; Service design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","TULIPS",""
"uuid:b5c81087-ee4a-4a28-b5cf-11afb916d831","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5c81087-ee4a-4a28-b5cf-11afb916d831","Sustainable structural timber floors: The influence of vibrational performance on the sustainability of structural timber floors","van der Werf, Coen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Louter, P.C. (mentor); Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (graduation committee); Schuurman, A.C.B. (graduation committee); Dijk, M.S. (graduation committee); Snijders Blok, I. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The recent developments in the building industry to build more sustainable should result in the use of light constructions with a low environmental impact. Timber is a suitable material for this purpose. To reduce the environmental impact of a building, an improvement in an often used structural element can have a significant impact on the sustainability. Floors are a large part of the material consumption of building. A challenge with lightweight timber floors is the vibrational performance of the floor due to walking humans. Conventional concrete floors are less sensitive to vibrations due to their large weight. The vibrations of the floor have influence on the comfort of the humans residing on the floor. Furthermore, concrete is generally seen as a less environmentally friendly material than timber. This raised the main research question of this thesis: How do vibrational performance levels influence the sustainability of several timber floor systems, considering multiple design configurations, compared to conventional concrete floor systems?
The floors used in this research are a CLT floor, LVL box floor, TCC floor, concrete cast in situ floor and concrete hollow core floor. For the research on the vibrational performance and sustainability of floors some methods for assessment are used. For the vibrational performance the assessment method from the renewed Eurocode 5: Timber structures is used. This assesses the resonant and transient vibration response of the floor and checks them with predetermined vibrational comfort criteria. For the assessment of the sustainability the environmental cost indication is used. This method assesses several environmental impact categories and weighs their impact onto the environment, separately the global warming potential is also assessed by the CO2eq emissions of a material.
The result gathered from the research show that timber floors are more sensitive to vibrational performance than concrete floors. Floors with a high vibrational performance need a significantly higher floor height than low performance floors. The influence of damping and floor configurations is important for the vibrational performance. The environmental impact of timber floors have an advantage when biogenic carbon is taken into account. Concrete floors can reach longer floor spans and for high performance floors have a lower increase of environmental impact than timber floors. For the environmental impact of a floor, reuse or recycling is important for the end-of-life scenario.
To draw a conclusion to the main research question; Vibrational performance of floors do effect the environmental impact of the floors. High performance floors have a significantly higher environmental impact than low performance floors. The environmental impact of concrete floors increases less for higher floor performances than timber floors. Timber floors are more sustainable within their technical feasibility. The floor configurations can mitigate vibrations and can thus reduce the environmental impact of the floors.
The biomass-to-syngas pathway, which involves converting biomass into bio-based syngas through gasification, has emerged as a promising solution for a more sustainable chemical industry. However, the development of this value chain faces technical and commercial challenges. Technical challenges include tar formation and product impurities, while commercial challenges include financing limitations, low market maturity, and sustainable feedstock availability. Moreover, handling and using biomass as a feedstock itself present constraints such as transportation limitations, variable composition and properties, low energy density, and high moisture and oxygen content. These challenges hinder the competitiveness of bio-based syngas production against fossil fuel alternatives and impede the development of the biomass-to-syngas value chain.
To address these challenges, the integration of torrefaction technology into the value chain has been proposed as a promising approach. Torrefaction enhances biomass densification, reduces moisture content, and improves the overall viability of the biomass-to-syngas value chain. However, the commercial implementation and economic feasibility of torrefaction remain uncertain. Additionally, research primarily focuses on technological improvements and lacks a deeper understanding of system integration, practical implementations, and stakeholder perspectives.
This research aims to bridge these knowledge gaps by actively engaging with stakeholders across the value chain to address the challenges of developing the biomass-to-syngas value chain and propose comprehensive solutions through stakeholder involvement. It explores the system integration of torrefaction technology, considering industry stakeholders' perspectives. The research employs a step-wise approach, focusing on an in-depth case study of the Dutch chemical industry. Data is collected through an exploratory literature review, semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, a questionnaire, and a webinar serving as a panel discussion platform.
The research identifies 44 barriers hindering the development of the biomass-to-syngas value chain and the integration of torrefaction technology. These barriers primarily stem from deficiencies in innovation-specific institutions, network formation and coordination, and the production system. Stakeholders and experts agree that technological and logistical challenges can be overcome. However, addressing failures in innovation-specific institutions, such as the lack of economic and policy incentives and an unfavorable regulatory environment, is crucial for driving the development of the value chain. Based on these findings and insights obtained through expert reflection the research develops comprehensive solution statements and formulates five strategies to address the identified barriers, including cohesive policies, industry-tailored subsidies, standardized certifications and regulations, enhanced network formation, and decentralized torrefaction technology integration.
In conclusion, this research underscores the significance of the biomass-to-syngas pathway as a key driver for a sustainable chemical industry. By addressing technical and commercial challenges and the integration of torrefaction technology, comprehensive strategies have been formulated to overcome barriers and unlock the value chain's full potential. These findings thereby provide actionable insights for policymakers and industry stakeholders to drive the sustainable development of the biomass-to-syngas value chain.","Biomass gasification; Sustainability; Solution-focused Sustainability Assessment; Technological Innovation System (TIS); Value Chain Analysis; Torrefaction; stakeholder engagement; Chemical Industry","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:3c4402b1-bfab-4112-a215-925487cb3a3a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3c4402b1-bfab-4112-a215-925487cb3a3a","Improving passenger waste separation behaviour through design at Schiphol Airport: Enabling and motivating passengers of Schiphol Airport to dispose of passenger solid waste correctly to support Schiphol’s goal to become zero waste","den Ouden, Nika (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mugge, R. (mentor); Persaud, S.M. (graduation committee); Tschavgova, E.T. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This graduation project focuses on the problem of solid waste, specifically passenger waste at Schiphol Airport. The project aimed to enhance passenger separation behaviour to reduce the amount of residual waste that would be incinerated.
The project began by exploring the FF3 bin's context, including its attributes, pilot tests, waste mapping, and user ecosystem. Design conclusions were drawn to align bin elements with Dutch recycling standards, enhance signage visibility, accommodate waste types, prioritize separation, and consider user perspectives. Insights were gained through stakeholder interviews, observations, and engagements with relevant organizations like airports and bin manufacturers. Design adjustments included organic waste separation, cultural diversity accommodation, and communication enhancement. Behavioural analysis using the FOGG model led to strategies for improved separation ability and motivation, accounting for cultural differences. These conclusions formed the problem statement, which could be translated into a roadmap. The roadmap guides actions to enhance waste separation ability and motivation. The iterative design process utilized this foundation, leading to the 'Time To Waste' proposal integrating an FF3 bin skin, campaign, and projectors. This project offered Schiphol insights into how to tackle its zero waste and circular goals, along with a strategic plan for others to achieve similar objectives.","Waste Management; Sustainability; Waste Separation; Behaviour Change; Schiphol Airport","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:7f6e5e97-2bdd-4951-9900-f6332ec34290","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7f6e5e97-2bdd-4951-9900-f6332ec34290","Enhancing the Experience of Pregnancy Detection: Design and Embodiment of a reusable pregnancy testing device","Dhar, Bhavika (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Dekker, M.C. (mentor); Persaud, S.M. (graduation committee); Mattsson, Alice (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Pregnancy tests are the most used diagnostic test in the world where the market is expected to be worth $1.5 Billion. However, since its introduction to the market in 1976, it has experienced limited innovation. Despite its importance in providing crucial information about a significant life event, women continue to rely on outdated and limited options. The existing tests are often expensive or of poor quality, and their single-use nature fails to address the diverse need for sustainable practices. This gap in the market arises from a reluctance among established players to disrupt their stable revenue streams and a lack of investment in female health.
This master thesis intends to present a comprehensive investigation into enhancing the user experience of pregnancy detection and attempting to enhance its overall experience for its intended and unintended users. The project aims to address the limitations of existing single-use pregnancy tests and present an alternative option which would fit the current and future scenarios.
Given the costs associated with essential feminine hygiene products, such as sanitary pads, tampons, and other menstrual care items, as well as fertility products including contraceptives and potential expenses related to fertility treatments, women face a considerable financial burden that accumulates over time.
SureSign aims to disrupt the testing experience for women, providing them with a clear and user-friendly solution while trying to minimize the financial barrier associated with repeated testing. By offering an affordable and inclusive testing option, the product intends to empower women to make informed decisions about their reproductive journey. It envisions a future where women can test multiple times without worrying about the financial implications and sustainability impact, enabling them to confidently navigate their next steps based on accurate and reliable results.
The thesis is carried out in collaboration with Pharmista Technologies. Their role in this master thesis extends to providing initial market insights and to provide expertise in the technology behind potentially making the testing process sustainable - by making it reusable. They provide their existing knowledge about a patent sensor they develop, which in theory allows one to take multiple tests from a singular device. Their goal is to make this action of reusability take place at least 10 times.
The project is divided in two main phases: the research phase of the current scenario and subsequently a development phase for the future scenario. The research phase involves conducting user interviews to gain insights into user needs and challenges related to pregnancy tests. This phase also establishes if the requirement of reusable test actually exists. The project then delves into the embodiment phase which involves form factors related to the overall product experience. Drawing from the gathered insights, a user feedback oriented design process is employed to develop prototypes of the new pregnancy test, considering factors such as usability, accuracy, and ergonomics. The prototypes are evaluated through user testing, allowing for continuous loops of refinement.
The outcome of this master's thesis aims to not only push the field of pregnancy detection forward but also forge a significant stride towards sustainability within the femtech industry. This will be realized through the presentation of fresh perspectives aimed at enhancing the user experience, need for accuracy, and dependability of these devices. The findings will provide valuable recommendations for design refinements and the eventual market launch of this product for Pharmista. This holds the promise of uplifting the experiences of couples navigating their fertility path and women embracing sustainable approaches throughout their reproductive journey.","Embodiment design; Healthcare; Femtech; Sustainability; User research","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:f0e7060a-a1ed-4859-851c-a8e883db103a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f0e7060a-a1ed-4859-851c-a8e883db103a","Sustainable endoscopy: Redesigning the polyp trap","Bloem, Meike (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Diehl, J.C. (mentor); Bos, P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This project aims to reduce the environmental impact of an endoscopic product, the Polyp trap. The polyp trap is a single use device, that is used during endoscopy to catch removed polyps. Endoscopy is a department that has a relatively high reliance on single-use devices. This is one of the reasons why endoscopy has a high carbon footprint. Through observations in hospitals, literature and product research, the context of endoscopy, the polyp trap and other single-use devices are analysed. Additionally, circular frameworks and strategies specific to the medical context were explored, to identify circular opportunities for the polyp trap. A fast-track LCA of the current polyp trap is used to estimate its current environmental impact and analyse how interventions in design, function or material could influence its carbon footprint.
The insights from this research are used to generate ideas aimed at decreasing the polyp traps environmental impact. The resulting idea directions are presented to various healthcare professionals, such as nurses and infection prevention specialists during interviews. During these interviews, opportunities and risks for the redesign are discussed. Insights from the interviews are used to further develop the idea direction into the final design.
The final design consists of two concepts: The first concept is more conceptual, and reduces its impact by using some components for a longer amount of time; one day rather than per patient. The second concept is more traditional, and decreases its CF through minimising the required amount of material, leading to a smaller design that uses lower-impact materials. The environmental footprint of the final concepts is evaluated with a fast-track LCA.","Medical design; Single-use medical device; Sustainability; Circularity; Endoscopy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:d80d67e7-ed1a-42e2-996a-61927b05433b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d80d67e7-ed1a-42e2-996a-61927b05433b","Measuring the environmental impact of a livestock feeding robot life cycle","Hoogerbrugge, Ben (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","De Stefani, J. (mentor); Verburg, R.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The pursuit of sustainability is at the forefront of international conversation in an era marked by urgent environmental challenges. This research aims to shed a light on tools, indicators, and methodologies used to assess sustainability, paving the way for informed decisions, actionable insights, and a brighter tomorrow.
The Paris Climate Accords urges the importance for sustainability and the reduction of environmental impact. At the same time, the demand for animal protein is growing due to an increase in world population and changing diets, resulting in growing challenges regarding the environmental impact of the agricultural and livestock sector. Firms aim to provide technological solutions that contribute to a sustainable way of farming. One of the technological solutions that lack scientific research is the livestock feeding robot. This knowledge gap offers the opportunity to investigate measuring the sustainable performance of livestock feeding robots. Additionally, scientific literature describes Life Cycle Assessment as a common and fitting methodology to measure the environmental impact of products. Furthermore, firms want to become more sustainable for competitive advantage and to be able to meet future regulations. Measuring sustainability is essential in the transition towards sustainability because the measurement can provide insights for decisions about strategic planning, product design, and supply chain design. Therefore, this research examines how the Life Cycle Assessment methodology measures the environmental impact of a livestock feeding robot life cycle by executing a case study.
A literature review was conducted to gain more detailed information on the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and environmental impact. But also, to identify multiple types of Life Cycle Assessment methodologies. The Fast Track Life Cycle Assessment methodology was selected based on data availability and compatibility with the goal of the research t0 measure the environmental impact of a livestock feeding robot. Carbon Footprint and Eco-costs were selected as impact indicators due to their practical characteristics for firms. The case study resulted in a Carbon Footprint of 34944 kg CO2 equivalents, equal to the offset of 1588 mature trees existing for one year. Additionally, the Eco-costs results in 9192 euro, representing the required investment to lower the environmental impact to a sustainable level by selecting the best available alternative technology which is needed to meet the required level of emission allowances.
To conclude, this study provides a case study about measuring the environmental impact of a product life cycle. Although this study focuses on the assessment of a livestock feeding robot, the same case study design can be used to measure the environmental impact of similar products. Therefore, other firms can replicate the case study design to measure environmental impact and meet future regulations, as well as maintain or improve their competitive advantage.
Previous research has made significant strides in examining competencies that are essential for leaders in addressing sustainability challenges and promoting innovation. However, there is still a lack of clarity regarding the specific competencies that leaders in companies should possess to tackle sustainability challenges and drive innovation effectively. The challenge lies in establishing a solid understanding of the relationship between sustainability competencies and their role in solving organizational sustainability issues. Consequently, the primary goal of this study is to investigate how managerial competencies can drive innovation for sustainability within organizations. By establishing this research objective, a corresponding research question was formulated.
How do individual sustainability competencies drive innovation for sustainability?
In order to address the question at hand, a comprehensive literature review was conducted to gain an understanding of the various definitions of innovation, the explored sustainability competencies, the role of leadership in sustainability innovation, and the existing arguments regarding competencies and innovation in prior studies. The insights obtained from the literature review were then used to formulate specific research questions, which guided the study's approach of utilizing semi-structured interviews to gather relevant data. Thirteen individuals representing three distinct industries were selected to participate in the interviews, sharing their experiences and perspectives on the subject matter. Following data collection, the gathered information was coded and analyzed, focusing on identifying common themes based on a similar context.
The study provides valuable insights into the fields of management and innovation by highlighting the significance of possessing diverse sustainability competencies for managers. These competencies play a crucial role in shaping the innovation capabilities of managers, thereby acting as a bridge in enhancing innovation and expanding organizational capabilities. The research identifies three distinct patterns that emerge as a result: organizational learning capabilities, collaboration capabilities, and stakeholder engagement capabilities.
Firstly, individual competencies such as system thinking, future thinking, tech competencies, and continuous learning enhance knowledge on an individual level, necessitating organizations to develop their own organizational learning capabilities to integrate and benefit from these competencies. Secondly, competencies such as emotional empathy, embracing diversity, and interpersonal skills contribute to collaboration capabilities at the organizational level, fostering better communication, positive relationships, and innovative solutions. Lastly, competencies related to stakeholder engagement, such as integration, influencing, and practical communication, empower individuals to drive the adoption of sustainability in innovation projects, facilitating effective communication with customers and involving diverse actors in decision-making processes. These patterns are developed when managers actively engage in collaboration with both internal and external stakeholders and involve them in sustainability innovation activities on an ongoing basis.
While the study primarily explores individual competencies, the discussion highlights the significance of organizations in fostering a supportive environment and establishing routines that enable individuals to effectively utilize their competencies in driving innovation. Therefore the study also delivered a framework targeted to individual and organizational management to enhance sustainability competencies at the individual level. Managers are encouraged to engage in industry-specific training programs actively, embrace a dynamic mindset that promotes continuous learning and the adoption of emerging best practices, and possesses intrinsic motivation, where individuals are driven by personal values and a desire to contribute to a better future. Simultaneously, at the organizational level, effective communication of sustainability objectives require to be delivered. At the same time, it is crucial to implement sustainability initiatives throughout all project levels of the organization. Lastly, through the recruitment process, organizations should prioritize candidates whose competency profiles align with the organization's sustainability strategies.","Sustainability; Organizational; Leadership; Competencies; innovation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:abbe1475-125b-47f9-9250-6b808f286e1c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:abbe1475-125b-47f9-9250-6b808f286e1c","DrugWise: a sustainable approach towards reducing medicine waste in the operating rooms","van Amelsfort, Noor (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Diehl, J.C. (mentor); Paus-Buzink, S.N. (graduation committee); Kweekel, Dinemarie (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","-What-
Medicines are used for all types of surgeries in the operating room (OR). They are needed to provide safe and effective care. However, the use of medicines also results in waste. Research conducted by Barbariol et al. (2021) highlighted that a substantial proportion, ranging from 20% to 50%, of medications prepared in the OR ultimately remain unused and are consequently discarded. The Leiden University Medical Centre (LUMC) and ‘Nationaal Netwerk de Groene OK’ aim to minimize the waste of medicines at the OR.
-Why -
The environmental impact of medicines
Research conducted last year by RIVM presented that the contribution of chemical products, including medicines in particular, is responsible for 41.2% of healthcare CO2
Medicine scarcity
The ‘Koninklijke Nederlandse Maatschappij ter bevordering der Pharmacie’ (KNMP), presened that last year in 2022 the highest number of medicine shortage ever occurred. They predict that these kind of issues will only grow more in the further, so it is important to stay mindful about medication prescription, use and disposal.
Ethical obligation
Medication waste raises ethical concerns within the healthcare context. The waste of medications contradicts the principles of equity and justice, as resources that could have been allocated to patients in need are wasted.
-How?-
DrugWise
Consequently, a final concept called ‘DrugWise’ was devised. This sustainable approach targets medicine waste prevention in the OR through a holistic approach. DrugWise consists of five critical steps:
1. Measure the waste to gain an understanding of the current situation.
2. Prioritize areas for action based on the measurements.
3. Raise awareness amongst OR staff regarding the extent and implications of medicine waste.
4. Initiate action in four key areas: medicine use, prescribing practices, stock management, and disposal.
5. Evaluate the effectiveness of the interventions implemented.
The target audience of the approach is the Anaesthesia Green Team. The DrugWise approach was developed in collaboration with the primary stakeholders involved in medication use - anesthesiologists and anaesthetic nurses. This collaboration ensured that the solution was rooted in their practical experience and professional knowledge.
-Future steps-
Looking ahead, LUMC will serve as the pilot hospital for the DrugWise approach. Upon successful implementation and review, the intention is to broaden the reach to other hospitals, advocating for a nationwide effort in reducing medicine wastage in the OR.","Sustainability; Approach; Healthcare; Prevention; Sustainable healthcare","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","Medical Delta Sustainable Hospitals Lab",""
"uuid:b75cf498-5f3f-4cb9-9647-29ba828ac5ac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b75cf498-5f3f-4cb9-9647-29ba828ac5ac","A design approach to implement reuse of existing concrete bridge girders","Groeneweg, Romy (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Yang, Y. (mentor); Hendriks, M.A.N. (graduation committee); Schuurman, A.C.B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","To stop the depletion of natural resources, reduce climate change and fight biodiversity loss a circular economy in 2050 is pursued. In the upcoming years a challenging opportunity arises. Many existing bridges and viaducts with bridge decks consisting of prefabricated concrete girders have to be replaced. These girders although not designed according to circularity concepts have potential to be reused in a new structure, which is in line with the highest achievable level of circularity. However, the construction market is not ready for this innovation. So, while current research still aims at the feasibility and suitability of the girders for reuse in new structures, this research aims at the next step of preparing the construction market. This is of high relevance because it speeds up the introduction process of the innovation and thereby safes girders from demolition.
In this research the focus is on the adaptions and modifications needed in the traditional design process to ensure a more frequent implementation of reuse of existing bridge girders in new designs. After a literature review into the type of bridge girders in the Netherlands, the structural feasibility, obstacles for reuse identified by the industry, the design process and environmental impacts a design approach is developed. Simultaneously to the development of this design approach a case study is performed to give a more practical view to design aspects. In this way the approach could be verified, adapted and modified.
The design approach consists of roadmaps, possible procedures and recommendations that guides project teams through each step of the system and preliminary design. In the case study a bridge deck for a 107 [m] long bridge, divided over 5 spans with reuse of existing girders is designed. The design approach is suspectable to changes due to experiences, gained knowledge and developments in the construction industry. Therefore, it needs review over time. The design approach concentrates on inverted T-girders but can be extended and applied to other girder types as well.
In conclusion, this research provides the foundations for a changed design approach that is needed to prepare the construction market for reusing existing girders. By giving guidance to project teams, the view shifts from using new girders to reusing existing girders. This is valuable to reach the environmental objective of a circular economy in 2050.
After considering several design directions, it was determined to create a mechanism capable of mechanically pulling the needle tube out of the hub. A device like this will render needles unusable while simultaneously opening up possibilities for the recycling of the materials of needle waste. Additionally a device that mechanically separates the materials of needles does not currently exist.
Tensile tests were performed with various needle sizes and temperatures to better investigate this. There were no statistically significant differences between temperatures, although the results from 16 G needles differed significantly from the results from 20 G and 23 G needles. It was discovered that the device's minimum pulling force should be 500 N; this, along with information taken from several set standards and previous projects on needle devices, was then included into a set of requirements for the device.
After exploring several clamping, pulling, and combined mechanisms, a roller mechanism was chosen for the device. A functional prototype capable of extracting a needle tube from its hub was created. This prototype was then tested, and various experiments were carried out to try to enhance the design because needle tubes were still slipping in between the rollers on occasion, and some needle tubes broke off.
Adding other structures or a different material like rubber on the rollers did not result in better performance, and a knurling pattern worked best for creating grip on the needle tube. Adding a ridge did not improve the performance, however removing some material from both sides of the gap in Roller A did enhance performance temporarily. Making the rollers out of stainless steel 431 rather than 316 did not increase their performance; however, stainless steel 431 with a heat treatment did improve the performance and showed consistent test results. This final prototype, including the rollers made out of stainless steel 431 with a heat treatment was then used to do final verification and validation.
20 G needles could be pulled with the device consistently at a needle length of 33.8 mm, both wet and dry. 27 G needles however kept breaking off, both wet and dry. A design choice should be made here about if the device should be aimed at a smaller range of needles or a redesign should be made where different spring forces could be applied. The device showed not springback and no parts became trapped in the mechanism.
It was impossible to insert needles of various diameters at greater angles from the vertical of the aperture and 16 G needles did not fit into the device at all. A redesign is needed for this.
The average activation force of the device was 14.72 N and the distance from the hand holding the needle to the hand operating the device did not exceed 50 mm.
The cycle time per needle was still too long for the device. Further research is required to improve these parameters. The prototype did meet the weight and size requirements. The device did not have a sharps box attached to it, this should be added in a redesign.
If the rollers of the device are to be constructed of stainless steel 431, they should be made in India, since stainless steel 431 was not available in Nepal. The case, cubes, pushing plate, socket, spring axis, and lever may all be made in Nepal. Standard components, such as springs and bearings, may be obtained in India. However still choices and more research is needed in the area of where exactly the product should be produced and assembled.
More research is needed to determine how the metal components of needles may be recycled and how a device like this would work with different types of needles. Also researching if applying force to both rollers and a redesign either with a different spring of multiple spring forces should still be done.
More testing is needed to determine the pulling force and how many cycles the device can sustain. As well as a drop test, a tipping test on an angular surface and users tests.
Lastly research into how to incorporate a redesign where the syringe is also rendered unusable is needed, since this study only focused on making the needle part unusable by separating the materials.","Medical waste; Sharps; Sustainability; Nepal","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Biomedical Engineering","",""
"uuid:6db38af2-9cb0-4ef8-9564-b7758d078501","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6db38af2-9cb0-4ef8-9564-b7758d078501","Life Cycle Assessment of microfluidic devices for point-of-care testing: A comparative analysis of PDMS, paper and PLA","Tjokro, Kristie (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Cucurachi, Stefano (mentor); Rwei, A.Y. (mentor); Lian, Justin (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2023","In microfluidics, typical laboratory processes can be condensed to a miniature device. This reduces analysis time and required volumes of samples and reagents, increases mobility and flexibility, and is cost effective. In this work, the environmental impacts of three microfluidic devices for glucose detection are assessed using a comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) from cradle-to-grave. The three devices are a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) device manufactured through soft lithography, a paper device manufactured through wax stamping, and a polylactic acid (PLA) device manufactured through 3D printing. The environmental impacts are determined for two manufacturing scenarios: on laboratory-scale and commercial-scale. The functional unit is 1 act of glucose detection performed on a human sample using 1 microfluidic glucose detection device.
Assuming laboratory-scale manufacturing, the paper device has the lowest environmental impacts, whereas the PLA device has the highest impact. The main contributing processes are those pertaining to the devices' manufacture. For the PDMS device, these are the processes for soft lithography, for the paper device it is the paraffin use, while for the PLA device it is the 3D printing. Assuming commercial-scale manufacturing, the PLA device has the lowest environmental impact, whereas the PDMS device has the highest impact. This scenario was modelled by improving efficiencies in the manufacturing of the PDMS and paper device, and substituting 3D printing for injection moulding for the PLA device.
To reduce the devices' environmental impacts, a general recommendation is to transition to an electricity mix based on renewables rather than fossil fuels. For the PDMS device, a recommendation is to redesign the device such that the user can apply reagents before use, thereby avoiding emissions by cutting out a need for refrigeration, which is present in the current design. For the paper device a recommendation is to minimise the waste of paraffin, as it is the main contributor to the device's environmental impacts. Lastly, for the paper and PLA device it is recommended to consider alternate manufacturing methods when upscaling production. Their current manufacturing methods are ideal for prototyping, but are inefficient on a commercial scale.
Some limitations are that several data points were estimated, cut off, or secondary. Data gaps were bridged through the use of proxies and stoichiometry for chemicals, which affected the accuracy of the model. Furthermore, recycling and chance of failure during manufacture are not accounted for. Lastly, as microfluidic devices are designed in many different ways, the results cannot be translated one-to-one to other devices. They can only provide a general idea of what the impacts for other devices might be.
A continuation of this work could simulate the synthesis of chemicals using process design software, for increased accuracy. Another opportunity for further study is to collect and implement primary data and assess how that affects the results. Future research could investigate fields of microfluidics other than diagnostics. Generally, more research is necessary to model a proper ex-ante LCA with various scenarios. With enough research, microfluidics might fully reach its potential, while being environmentally responsible.","microfluidics; life cycle assessment; LCA; PDMS; polydimethylsiloxane; PLA; Polylactic Acid; Glucose monitoring; ex-ante LCA; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:2497f1ad-206a-4aeb-914d-cecff1ecb851","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2497f1ad-206a-4aeb-914d-cecff1ecb851","Life Cycle Assessment of Offshore Low Head Pumped Hydro Storage","Fadul Bonamusa, Mikel (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Steubing, Bernhard (mentor); Jarquin Laguna, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Aiming to comply with the Paris Agreement, the reduction of Europe’s GHG emissions in the energy sector is a must. Due to the intermittency of renewable sources, energy storage technologies are essential to this plan. Offshore Low Head Pumped Hydro Storage (LH PHS) is presented as an alternative to partly solve this problem. Considering that its infrastructure entails a reservoir of a 5km diameter ring in the middle of the sea and needs millions of tonnes of concrete, sand, granite and steel among other materials for its construction; environmental concerns arouse, which this report aims to address.
Information from the Alpheus project about the engineering requirements for an offshore LH PHS plant is used, following ISO 14044 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. In this study, the construction, maintenance and operation of an offshore LH PHS plant are assessed, focusing on Global Warming Potential (GWP), Water Use Depletion Potential (WUDP) and Abiotic Depletion Potential for Elements (ADP-E). This is studied with and without the input of electricity, sourcing it from wind or from the Dutch grid mix. Moreover, these results are compared with Lithium iron phosphate (LFP) Batteries and for Wind-Green Hydrogen.
For the construction, operation and maintenance of the LH PHS plant, it is estimated that the emissions would reach 2.8Mt of CO2-eq, 601 million m3 of water and 140.2t of Sb-eq. These emissions are mainly shared between civil and electromechanical infrastructure, the former has more relevance for GWP with almost 56% of the emissions whereas the latter reaches 69% for WUDP and 98% for ADP-E. When electricity is incorporated into the equation and these emissions are translated per kWh, emissions from the generation of electricity exceed 2.4, 5.6 and 1.8 times those emissions from the infrastructure for GWP, WUDP and ADP-E. When comparing LH PHS with other technologies using wind as the only source of electricity production, LFP Batteries outperform LH PHS most of the time for GWP and WUDP, whereas LFP are consistently the worst performer for ADP-E. LH PHS always performs better than Green Hydrogen in all three impact categories.
If emissions reductions are to be achieved in the LH PHS case, the focus should be put on the electricity side: improving the efficiency of the plant, storing only clean energy and improving the performance of renewables. Finally, there are other considerations to LH PHS implementation that should be taken into account that are not assessed in this report. The use of materials and their circularity must be considered, as well as the social ramifications of projects like PHS and mining materials for Li-ion Batteries. Furthermore, impacts on biodiversity must be addressed and its damages should not only be minimized but restored or even improved.","LCA; Life Cycle Assessment; Life Cycle Analysis; Life-cycle Assessment; Life cycle Assessment; life cycle assessment; life cycle analysis; life cycle assessment (LCA); LH PHS; Low Head; Low Head Pumped Hydro Storage; Pumped Hydro Storage; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:b4ab11d7-8977-4c9c-a26f-ccd9131c61ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b4ab11d7-8977-4c9c-a26f-ccd9131c61ec","Vertical Extension of Council Estates: An effective method to optimize timber top-up designs, considering structural limits and environmental impact","Bor, Hanco (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Materials- Mechanics- Management & Design)","Schipper, H.R. (mentor); Schuurman, A.C.B. (graduation committee); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Freriks, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The challenge of global warming is an increasing concern of the 21st century. The concept of sustainability is therefore considered of high importance. A major problem of the Dutch government is the growing housing demand. Also after the WWII, the Netherlands faced a housing crisis, resulting in about 847,000 council houses. The massive number of flats combined with the aforementioned deficiency of houses and the climate problem prohibit large scale demolition and reconstruction, as this would lead to both a further short-term deficit of houses and emission of greenhouse gasses. A timber top-up on council estates constitutes a sustainable approach, which accounts for densification and the huge building stock in city centres. Therefore, this research is aimed to develop a method to optimize timber top-up designs for council estates, considering structural limits and environmental impact.
It is found that the building period impacts the structural variety in council estates. Hence unfortunately no universal structural lay-out can be defined. Based on a norm comparison, two flowcharts are produced to predict the overcapacity of distinct council estates. A modular cross laminated timber (CLT) unit and a non-modular timber frame extension (Dutch: houtskeletbouw) are considered. Material minimalization formed the decisive criterion to determine the most effective variant. Therefore, a 3-step method is developed, which considers the flat characteristics, structural overcapacity and minimalization of material use.
To conclude, it is generally not possible to tell a priori which of the two considered timber top-up methods is the most effective for a particular case. Further, it can be concluded that timber top-ups form a sustainable replacement for combined demolition and reconstruction of buildings. Moreover, these facilitate the realization of a substantial number of houses. Therefore, a vertical extension of council estates forms a sustainable solution to the current housing demand in the Netherlands.
This highlights the need to reevaluate the design and manufacturing process. Conventional pattern designs result in a significant portion of newly woven material sent to incineration and landfill. 3D weaving presents an innovative niche design-manufacturing technique, allowing for the creation of multi-layered structures with interwoven ‘seams’. This enables the production of nearly complete garments, while aiming for zero waste and reducing labour-intensive steps at the cut and sew stage.
To unlock the potential of 3D woven denim and demonstrate how such niche techniques can be utilised to achieve systemic change, a Systems-Oriented design approach is adopted. The research project analyses the complex denim supply chain and delves into the meaning of current and 3D woven denim. Field research at a denim mill in Pakistan formed the basis of a general ecosystem map, addressing various layers of the system from the final lens of the Dutch denim market. This includes material flow, fashion brands, consumers, post-disposal stage, government influence, and certifications. Further collaboration with 3D weaving experts, denim mills, designers, and user research supported the multifaceted approach.
The project concludes with a Systems-Oriented strategy to establish a local Dutch eco-label for 3D woven denim, alongside traditional denim: New-Fashioned Denim Dimensions. By involving relevant stakeholders in the denim system, including major brands and suppliers, an initiative structure and implementation roadmap are developed. The roadmap outlines key actions, such as refining zero-waste patterns, developing equipment and creating a training programme, necessary to establish local, vertical 3D weaving supply chain behind the label. The ultimate aim is to create a cascading effect, inspiring denim brands to further explore future transitions towards local and sustainable models in the broader fashion industry, extending beyond the realm of 3D weaving.","Systemic design; Systemic change; Fashion industry; Denim; Sustainability; 3D weaving; Zero waste; Participatory City Making","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:d49c6a3d-1e76-415f-879f-2395f6de929d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d49c6a3d-1e76-415f-879f-2395f6de929d","Simultaneous optimization of multi-part structure topologies and connection points","Molina Ramirez, Ines (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Noel, L.F.P. (mentor); Langelaar, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Given the growing number of environmental and societal concerns we confront today, the idea of sustainability has gained importance. At the same time, new strategies for improving the performance of structures and systems have been developed due to developments in engineering and computational design. This research aims to generate a sustainable design using topology optimization by focusing on design for disassembly. One advantage of design for disassembly is that when a product can be disassembled, the parts can be reused, repaired, recycled, and remanufacture. This facilitates other aspects of product sustainability, such as the product's life cycle and end-of-life. A structure is divided into two parts and attached by a connection point, this connection point is called the connector. Due to sustainability, the connection method needs to be a non-destructive method, which in this case is the bolts. Next to the connector, two voids are required to insert, tighten and remove the bolts. Therefore, in this research, a structure is optimized using topology optimization and simultaneously optimizing the position of cut lines and connectors. The approach taken uses level set functions to model the cut of the structure, as well as the connectors and the voids. Then, they are converted into a density field using a smoothed Heaviside function. A Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) motivated method is used to join all the different density fields into an equation for the interpolated elasticity modulus. The optimization aims to minimize compliance with volume and no-overlap constraints. The non-overlap constraint is applied to the connectors.
The structure and the position of the cut line and the connectors are optimized using the Method of Moving Asymptotes (MMA) method. A gradient based sensitivity analysis is used in the MMA. Afterwards, the influence of the cut line, the connector and the voids are observed individually. After optimizing the parts individually, the full optimization was performed, where the structure, the cut lines and the connectors with the voids were optimized. Furthermore, a parameter study was done to observe their influence on the final layout. The optimizer's behaviour was observed by looking at the optimization results and the parameter study. For example, how the optimizer tends to stack some connectors together to create a member of the structure or the influence of the voids.
With the approach presented, the main idea of optimizing a structure using topology optimization and simultaneously dividing it and optimizing the connector's position is obtained. However, the optimization has some limitations, as some assumptions and design considerations are not accurate, further research is needed to get accurate results.
Nowadays, there are many fast fashion companies selling cheap and trendy clothing. It’s especially appealing to Gen Z because it’s affordable and keeps up with online trends. Platforms like Instagram heavily influence Gen Z, making them feel like they always need to buy new clothing to express themselves. These influences make it hard for them to determine if a fashion item truly adds value to their lives.
This research focused on reducing fashion consumption amongst Dutch Gen Z while still being able to express themselves. A literature, introspective and generative research was conducted to find out more about the context and users. After several iterations the Reflection Café (see Figure 1) was created.
The Reflection Café is a place where you can playfully explore the reasons behind your purchases. You go on this journey with a partner to learn more about yourself and each other. Inside the café, you’re encouraged to reflect on your recent fashion purchases by creating visualizations about the experience with the item. This so called Reflection Board starts your reflection process, even if it’s unconsciously done. Reflection takes time, so the café offers a monthly experience. On your final visit, all your Reflection Boards are displayed on the wall, giving you an overview of your fashion consumption from the past months. This last visit will put together the pieces you have collected throughout the last couple of months and hopefully creates a better understanding of your own behavior. The ultimate goal is to answer the question: Why do you buy?
The Reflection Café subtly encourages visitors to reduce their consumption by letting them find out what fashion items bring value to their lives. The café doesn’t impose any judgments on what’s right or wrong; it’s about what each person finds important. The café will help you to live life with greater awareness and appreciation.","Reflection; Reducing Consumption; Sustainability; Emotion-driven design; Fashion; Reflection Cafe","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:11121d35-5392-4d94-9855-d0afb7fdf885","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11121d35-5392-4d94-9855-d0afb7fdf885","Designing a sustainability strategy for BEAT Cycling Clubs Professional Team","van Schie, Twan (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Bakker, C.A. (mentor); Bluemink, R.G.H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Though cycling as a transportation method is widely seen as a sustainable method, professional cycling and racing are not. Though the first calls for sustainable action are made and the first efforts start to appear, not much has changed yet in the complex world of professional cycling.
This report describes the design of a sustainability strategy and plan for BEAT Cycling Club, a continental cycling team. As an innovative organisation that was founded to break through the status quo in professional cycling the sustainability journey fits BEAT. As one of the first teams taking sustainability seriously, the strategy helps BEAT to increase the quality of their sustainability actions beyond the ‘low-hanging fruits’ they have been tackling already.
The difficulty of starting a sustainability project is tackled by using the systemic design framework of the Design Council (2021) to guide innovation with a complex system like sustainability. The internal feeling of responsibility for sustainability of BEAT Cycling Club can be tackled by designing a strategy through a continuously diverging and converging process.
To help understand the sustainability context for BEAT Cycling Club and to guide the direction of the strategy, a (fast-track) life-cycle analysis is conducted. The results of this analysis are a set of emission hotspots: the actions and areas where most of BEAT’s emissions and environmental impact occur. These hotspots are used to further shape a strategy to tackle them.
This strategy is built through the design roadmapping methodology, resulting in a strategic and tactical roadmap. These are based on three horizons in which the role for BEAT in sustainability changes. These roadmaps are substantiated with a playbook that guides BEAT through the strategy and provides more detailed information about the steps that need to be taken. The playbook and roadmaps are not only strategic assets but are also important for BEAT to communicate their strategy with partners and other stakeholders.","Sustainability; Strategy; Cycling; Roadmap; Playbook; Professional Cycling; LCA","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:7d77fe17-0c82-44f3-8faa-1231910d6219","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7d77fe17-0c82-44f3-8faa-1231910d6219","Sustainable Parliament for Germany","Bauler Theiss, Rafael (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Smidihen, H. (mentor); Heijman, M. (mentor); Hehenkamp, E.W.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Since the dawn of civilization, the architecture of power has been a means to symbolize societies´ beliefs. The parliament building is itself a great example. It has been used to project to nations images, associations, messages, and ideals. These buildings often embody a sense of oppression, intimidation, security, and protection. The Reichstag building in Berlin symbolized the German Unification in 1871; the National Congress in Brasilia symbolized the country´s economic
progress in the 1950s; the European Parliament in Strasbourg symbolized the openness and democracy of the newly created European Union in the 1990s. If we believe that our buildings shape us - as Winston Churchill once said - what parliament are we seeking now? What comes next?
The ambition of this project is to reflect on the powerful symbolism of the parliament as a tool for an emergent and extremely relevant global challenge: sustainability.","Sustainability; Architecture of power; Parliament building; Bundesrat; Governmental building; Berlin; Platz der Republik","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","52.518620, 13.372674"
"uuid:8363a92e-6560-456e-b864-9b736ee490d7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8363a92e-6560-456e-b864-9b736ee490d7","Hybrid Adaptability","Bomben, Benjamin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Snijders, A. (mentor); Stoutjesdijk, P.M.M. (mentor); Jennen, P.H.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","There is a significant problem with how we conceive our built environment, the traditional nature of the construction industry lags in innovation compared to nearly every other industry. As a result, the industry is unable to quickly respond to changing social, environmental and economic contexts. Requiring new methods of construction and ways of design thinking in order to meet the demands of the present and anticipate change in the future. Within the context of TU Delft Campus, there is a great need to accommodate an increasing student population and subsequently need to maximize the use of space throughout campus. The research paper aims to explore what combination of prefabricated 1D, 2D and 3D engineered timber systems generates the most optimized use of engineered timber for a hybrid building. Essentially creating a timber kit of parts system based on the proportions of the parking lot to be able to generate site specific responses throughout Delft Campus. With the ease of assembly and disassembly of prefabricated timber systems, a designed kit of parts can transform the underused parking lot locations throughout Delft Campus.","Modularity; Kit of Parts; hybrid architecture; Circularity; TImber; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Architectural Engineering","","52.00227185104653, 4.373754798230015"
"uuid:891eeed5-108d-45f9-909f-7900fff6aaec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:891eeed5-108d-45f9-909f-7900fff6aaec","A healthy living community within an old vacant building: The implementation of a double-skinned façade and its influence on health and well-being in intergenerational residential buildings","Alhamad, Alaa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Smit, M.J. (mentor); Tomesen, P.L. (mentor); Jenkins, A.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This project aims to transform an old vacant office former tax building in Leeuwarden into a healthy living community, enhancing the health and well-being of its residents. By creating a welcoming environment with green spaces and amenities, the project promotes physical and mental well-being, community engagement, and high quality of life. The impact of a double-skinned façade on health and well-being is explored, focusing on natural light, ventilation, noise attenuation, and social spaces. With rising housing prices, this intervention targets the elderly, university students, and starters to address the housing crisis and provide adaptable healthy living housing options.","Transform Old vacant office building; Healthy living community; Enhancing health and wellbeing; Physical and mental wellbeing; Sense of community; Green spaces Amenities; Warm and welcoming atmosphere; Safe and comfortable living environment; Double skinned façade; Intergenerational residential buildings; Impact on health and wellbeing; Housing crisis Rising housing prices; Competitive housing market; Affordable housing; Sustainability; Energy efficiency; Natural daylight; Building ventilation; Air quality; Noise attenuation; Social sustainability; Access to natural light","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Architectural Engineering","Healthy living community",""
"uuid:e758e93b-0979-4b9f-856f-b810f24982f3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e758e93b-0979-4b9f-856f-b810f24982f3","Grajaú for the next generation: How a new form of social housing provides a fostering living environment for the next generation of Grajaú","Paanakker, Mees (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Mota, Nelson (mentor); Mooij, H.A.F. (mentor); Schnater, F.R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Children are the future. Providing a fostering living environment for the next generation in the favelas of Sao Paulo might enable them to break negative patterns of behaviour, so energy towards crime an violence is redirected towards productive ends for them and their communities. Gaining insight from the field of developmental psychology, this project makes a material parallel to the distinct developmental stages of children, as described by Erik Erikson. The neighbourhood consists of clustered dwelling groups, starting small and protective, but while the development of the child goes on, the further clustering of the dwelling groups provide a more dynamic environment for the child to grow further. A balance between protection and engagement, between order and chaos, will help the child grow up and develop the virtues of; Hope, Will, Purpose, Competency and Fidelity.","Global Housing; Global South; Aldo van Eyck; social impact; Sustainability; Structuralism","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Global Housing","","-23.77220, -46.66830"
"uuid:c61d6c66-5552-47a5-a432-eb9fe2e42cab","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c61d6c66-5552-47a5-a432-eb9fe2e42cab","Influence of geometric imperfections and increasing turbine sizes on validity load transfer functions in bolted ring-flange connections","Korthals Altes, Ruth (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Veljkovic, M. (mentor); El Bamby, H. (mentor); Sluys, Lambertus J. (mentor); Wesarg, B. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The global focus on climate change and the transition away from fossil fuels has highlighted the importance of renewable energy sources. Offshore wind turbines are being optimized and are therefore growing in size and power.
This research focuses on bolted ring-flange connections, a connection type that plays a crucial role in the design of offshore wind turbines, as they transfer the external force between parts of a turbine. The objective of this thesis is to analyze how the increasing dimensions from current to future offshore wind turbines and geometric imperfections impact the reliability of analytical approaches for load transfer functions (LTFs) for these connections. Two components of this objective are considered: examining the influence of different dimensions of ring-flange connections and analyzing the impact of various gaps between flanges on LTFs for 'current generation' and 'next generation' turbines. Analytical calculations are compared to results obtained with finite element analyses, which are assumed to represent an actual connection.
Based on the research findings, the following conclusions are made. Firstly, the widely used tri-linear approach by Schmidt/Neuper [18] for obtaining the LTF in bolted ring-flange connections is found to be unreliable for current and future turbine sizes. This method highly underestimates the forces in the bolts when initial gaps are present between the flanges. Calculations performed with this approach could lead to an overestimation of the turbine's lifetime compared to reality by multiple years, possibly causing more maintenance or early failure. Alternative approaches, such as a very new and not yet approved polynomial approach, show reliable results, providing accurate estimations of bolt forces for large connection diameters. Additionally, currently verified tolerances for gaps between flanges (1 mm over 30° and 2 mm over entire circumference) are outdated, and larger gap heights or smaller gap lengths are expected in practice, especially for future turbines. These gaps lead to a larger bolt force in practice, decreasing the fatigue resistance and lifetime of the structure. Even though very small gaps are expected to occur often, lower bolt forces are obtained compared to larger gaps, both with an expected height to length ratio of 𝑢𝑔𝑎𝑝/𝑙𝑔𝑎𝑝= 0.53 ∗ 10^−3. In analytical design calculations, it therefore is recommended to consider larger sized gaps with a gap length of approximately 1600 mm with its expected gap height.","Master Thesis; Offshore; Offshore energy; offshore wind; Offshore Wind; Windenergy; Structural Engineering; Civil Engineering; Sustainability; Steel design; bolted joints; FEM; FEA Simulation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:689c4858-9a80-4e46-87b8-d93811aa5c34","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:689c4858-9a80-4e46-87b8-d93811aa5c34","Reducing ambition erosion to achieve strategic sustainability ambitions: A research on the realisation of strategic sustainability ambitions in the exploration phase","Veen, Cristel (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Straub, A. (mentor); Houwing, E.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Sustainability has gained global recognition due to the detrimental effects of human activities on the environment, resulting in climate and weather extremes. In the Netherlands, the infrastructure sector is a key focus for policymakers, as it is responsible for a significant portion of the country's carbon dioxide emissions due to Factors such as non-renewable material use, machinery energy consumption, habitat destruction, and infrastructure type have contributed to its environmental impact (CO2 En Milieu, 2020). Dutch government has set ambitious goals to make the construction within the infrastructure sector more sustainable, aiming to reduce primary resource usage by 50\% by 2030 and achieve full circularity by 2030. These ambitions are outlined in regulations and policy, thus, form strategic ambitions (Ministerie van Binnenlandse Zaken en Koninkrijksrelaties, 2022). However, these strategic sustainability ambitions are often not fully realised as ambition erosion occurs (CROW, 2011). This research investigates ambition erosion and safeguarding strategic sustainability ambitions in the infrastructure sector within the construction process of the Ground, Road, Hydraulic Engineering sector, contributing to the broader sustainability transition goals and the realisation of strategic sustainability. A combination of theoretical and empirical research methods, including a literature review, semi-structured interviews with practitioners, and a case study based on an approach by Duurzaam GWW, were employed to understand the barriers and challenges associated with sustainability in the sector. The findings highlight the importance of clear and comprehensive definitions of sustainability that incorporate the three pillars of people, planet, and profit. Successful realisation of ambitions requires a clear continuation from strategic to tactical and operational levels within the exploration phase focusing on defining, establishing, specifying, and validating them. The research identifies 28 barriers categorized into capacity building, motivational, collaboration, and process-related themes. A comprehensive framework is proposed to address these barriers and reduce ambition erosion. The framework includes actions, conditions, steps, and instruments to mitigate barriers, enhance collaboration among stakeholders, and ensure a shared understanding of sustainability. The redesigned process focuses on defining, establishing, specifying, and validating strategic ambitions, with additional tools and methods incorporated for effective realisation. The proposed framework improves upon the existing approach by providing extra steps and conditions, identifying necessary actors and roles, and emphasizing collaboration and specific functions required to realize strategic sustainability ambitions. The enhancements contribute to a more effective realisation of sustainability goals at the project-specific level. This research provides valuable insights into reducing ambition erosion and safeguarding strategic sustainability ambitions in the infrastructure sector, contributing to the broader sustainability transition goals.
A systemic design approach is proposed for this study, combining mixed methodologies of qualitative, quantitative, and co-creation efforts with cross-disciplinary experts from six university hospitals, as well as the national Radiology association in the Netherlands. The steps towards framing, prioritizing, and embedding ESG into the Radiology workflow are consistently captured as research findings, concluding contextual insights on the ESG impact across the different levels of the system. These are represented as an ESG pyramid in this study. Identifying key ESG healthcare challenges and influential entities in the system offers a foundation for strategic dialogues on ESG goals definition. Additionally, an ESG healthcare ecosystem map has been developed to further understand the dynamics among key system stakeholders, on three main dimensions: financial, clinical compliance, and ESG. The perspective of embedding ESG in Radiology, within the Netherlands, is taken as a representative industry case study. Consolidation of clinical workflow data, operational insights, and current ESG context resulted in a cross-hospital view of Radiology ESG hotspots, dependencies, and opportunities. Interventions on ESG hotspots are then addressed and positioned, at corresponding decision power levels, within the larger system. Furthermore, a solution for integrated ESG value-impact measurement and continuous monitoring is proposed. Such a simplified and transparent way of working has the potential to increase awareness, drive collaboration, significantly reduce ESG spending and identify new circular value opportunities.
The outcomes of this research indicate that embedding ESG hotspots into the Radiology workflow should be approached in a holistic and systemic way. The ESG strategic design toolkit can facilitate relevant dialogues on the value and impact of ESG interventions across levels in the healthcare ecosystem, enabling hospitals and departments to effectively define ESG goals and programs. This simplifies complexity and provides consistency across the broader system hierarchy.","ESG; Sustainability; Circular Economy; Radiology workflow; Healthcare Ecosystem","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:c7a8a29b-953f-4e5c-8ecc-d0e8fe700c16","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c7a8a29b-953f-4e5c-8ecc-d0e8fe700c16","New Building for Flemish Museum of Contemporary Art (VMHK) in Antwerp","Teodorczyk, Bartosz (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","De Vocht, S. (mentor); Parravicini, M. (mentor); Zeinstra, J.S. (mentor); Pietsch, S. (graduation committee); Rosbottom, D.J. (graduation committee); Pimlott, Mark (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","MHKA, Museum of Contemporary Art in Antwerp seek to change its current building and re-establish itself on the wide arena of cultural institutions in Antwerp. Museum has a complex history, from its roots in the anti-museum of the ICC, via the “kunsthalle with a collection” up to today’s aspirations to be a part of a network of regional museums and seeking to take its place within a global context.
The layers of critique inherent in this trajectory are evident in the counterpoints established in the clients brief for the proposed museum: questions of material, abstraction, scale, and scenography underpin an oscillation between what it describes as anti-museum fascinations and technical museum requirements. Underpinning this are fundamental questions about contemporary art’s history and its relation to wider questions of culture, society and the world of art and artistic practice, embodied in its attitude to the very idea of the museum.
The MHKA's legend was built on contacts with avant- garde movements in art of the 1950s and 1960s, such as minimal and conceptual art. Their most prominent representative was Gordon Matta Clark, who worked in Antwerp at the time and whose artworks formed the foundation of the museum's current collection. Initially informal, the movement became institutionalized over time in the form of the Internationaal Cultureel Centrum (ICC), and decades later the Museum of Modern Art in Antwerp (MHKA) became its successor. The planned construction of the new museum also involves renaming the institution the Flemish Museum of Contemporary Art (VMHK).
The duality between the avant-garde past and the institutional present is an important part of the museum's identity. How does one think about the setting of the Flemish Museum of Contemporary Art in a way that respects its critical history and context in which it operates?","museum architecture; Antwerp; Contemporary Art; Sustainability; Mass Timber Construction","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:7547020b-1e7b-4363-ba9d-c85e1628be99","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7547020b-1e7b-4363-ba9d-c85e1628be99","Modal shift from air to rail: Towards a climate neutral transport sector in the EU. a backcasting analysis","Euwema, Tim (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Annema, J.A. (mentor); Quist, J.N. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2023","in this study a backcasting analysis is performed to formulate interventions pathways that lead to the vision of making the train the main mode of passenger transportation within Europe in 2050. The vision is formulated based on goals of the European Union and the pathways are formulated based on input from experts gathered by conducting semi-structured interviews.
The key findings are that first the aviation has to be targeted and made less attractive for the train to become the main mode. Furthermore, the experts indicated that the vision formulated is hard to reach because of the barriers that exist for the construction of new rail infrastructure.","Sustainability; Transport; Air to Rail; Backcasting Analysis","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:992a3d9a-8289-43d9-b28c-7a3e1c6982f6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:992a3d9a-8289-43d9-b28c-7a3e1c6982f6","The Time-Line: A multi-phase project in Friedrichshain, Berlin that responds to urban changes","Meere, Max (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Bultstra, H.J. (mentor); Corbo, S. (mentor); Eckardt, H.F. (mentor); Dijkstra, R.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In Friedrichshain, Berlin, modest architecture with minimal interventions is utilized as a thoughtful response to the complex social and economic issues, including gentrification, that characterize the constantly evolving environment. This architectural approach seeks to tackle these challenges by embracing a restrained and humble style, while remaining flexible and responsive to the unique needs and dynamics of the local community it serves.","Gentrification; adaptive re-use; public condenser; Friedrichshain; berlin; removable; multi-phase system; Sustainability; resilience; hybridity; multiplicity","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","52.51115466766368, 13.440368221261723"
"uuid:a5f02420-32d8-4334-939f-7bda96d8255e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a5f02420-32d8-4334-939f-7bda96d8255e","Development of crack monitoring system for concrete structures using magnetic field variation","Joshi, Kanhai (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Fotouhi, M. (mentor); Nunes, Sandra (graduation committee); Copuroglu, Oguzhan (graduation committee); Baas, Olivier (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Despite stringent safety standards, concrete is prone to various forms of deterioration over time, and the occurrence of cracks is not uncommon. Therefore, the detection and monitoring of deformations in concrete are essential to mitigate the risks associated with structural failure. Implementing a real-time Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) system can play a crucial role in identifying early signs of damage, such as corrosion in reinforcement, thus enhancing the efficiency of maintenance and repair interventions and ultimately prolonging the lifespan of the structure. The data collected through SHM techniques also contribute to the validation of design practices employed in the structure and further advancements in the field. In a broader context, the integration of SHM supports the development of sustainable infrastructure, ensuring the longevity and safety of concrete structures.
Along with visual inspection, SHM techniques are deployed to conduct a thorough analysis of structural behaviour. However, many traditional methods involve tedious installation processes. Several techniques utilize a wide spectrum of radiations, such as ultraviolet pulses, infrared radiations, and X-rays, and rely on sophisticated equipment that demands trained personnel for data analysis. In
this study, a novel approach is proposed for SHM by utilizing magnetic fields for
crack monitoring. Currently, this technique is used to monitor cracks in steel structures.
The aim of this work is to explore and adapt this idea to integrate the sensor system into the field of structural health monitoring for concrete structures. The scientific contributions made in this study include the investigation of the effects of crack propagation on the magnetic field, the modeling of the behavior using analytical and numerical methods, the construction of a prototype, the validation of the structural health monitoring technique, and the demonstration of the feasibility of this method.","SHM; concrete crack; Magnetic field; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Concrete Structures","",""
"uuid:c845c3ec-148b-41bf-803b-781a82993848","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c845c3ec-148b-41bf-803b-781a82993848","Simulation of the Dutch electricity system: A software expansion for the Illuminator","de Wolff, Evelien (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); van Zonneveld, Mees (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Cvetkovic, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The aim of this report is to discuss the design of the software that creates a simulation for the national electricity grid level of the Netherlands. This is done by further developing the open-source energy system integration development kit called the Illuminator. Where the goal of this software is to create an extra case, add a Graphical User Interface (GUI), and add a way to evaluate created configurations.","Sustainability; electricity grid; Energy transition; Education tool; Simulation; Software model","en","bachelor thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Computer Science","",""
"uuid:aa2cd33b-63c5-47a9-b88b-fcd0506ee547","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa2cd33b-63c5-47a9-b88b-fcd0506ee547","A sustainably optimized highrise concept","Rocha, Randy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology)","Parravicini, M. (mentor); Koskamp, G. (graduation committee); Hoogenboom, J.J.J.G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Due to population growth we need more buildings, but due to urbanization there are hardly any opportunities to densify in highly concentrated cities. While we inevitably need more buildings, we have to also take into account that the construction industry is one of the major contributors to climate change. In order to prevent further damage on the climate we need to rethink the way we design our buildings. The concept of highrise is a possible solution because you can densify within a relatively small footprint, but highrise buildings are not sustainable at all due to the need of extensive materials, installations and other demands. I want to prove that a highrise building can be designed significantly more sustainable than traditional highrise buildings, while also making sure that it contributes to liveability and inclusivity. That's why I want to find out if it is possible to design a sustainable highrise concept for an urbanized modern city to account for population growth and climate change while also making sure that it contributes a liveable and inclusive city and building environment. After conducting my thesis in the form of a thematic research and highrise design, I concluded that it can be done to a great extent, but we still have to remain critical since the use of extensive materials and appliances is inevitable. Also I believe that the concept of sustainable highrise can be optimized even further and therefore more research is needed","Sustainability; Highrise; Mass Timber Construction; Parametric Design; Carbon footprint; Embodied Carbon","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:d2b9303c-a6f4-4862-832d-993d4bd9de76","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d2b9303c-a6f4-4862-832d-993d4bd9de76","Product-service system business models in the building sector: barriers and solutions for companies","Shinwari, Khesraw (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Straub, A. (graduation committee); Teigiserová, D.A. (mentor); Molaei, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The construction sector's reliance on raw materials and the generation of waste necessitate a shift from the unsustainable linear economy to a circular economy (CE). Adopting Product-Service System (PSS) business models is crucial for achieving this transition. However, contractor companies in the building sector face barriers to implementing PSS, and there is limited knowledge about PSS in this context. This study aims to understand the state-of-the-art in PSS, assess barriers, and propose potential solutions specifically for contractor companies in the building sector.
A qualitative research method was employed, including a literature review and semi-structured interviews. The literature review encompassed 774 studies, with 45 meeting the inclusion criteria. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with professionals in the building construction sector to supplement the literature findings. This study highlighted that PSS in the building sector has the potential to enhance sustainability and circular economy efforts by promoting economic growth, reducing resource consumption, and minimizing waste.
The practical implementation of PSS in the building sector is hindered by challenges such as technological and supply chain changes, lack of financial support, organizational restructuring, establishing new customer relationships, developing new contracts, and adopting new economic models. Insufficient policies and regulations further impede PSS adoption. Nonetheless, this study highlights that sustainability, circularity, and CO2 reduction can drive the adoption and implementation of PSS.
The research identified 41 barriers to PSS adoption through the literature review and 20 barriers through interviews grouped into ten categories. These barriers encompass customers, supply chain financial, organizational, resource, knowledge, regulation or policy, environmental, social, and technology-related challenges. To overcome these barriers, nine potential solutions were proposed, including effective leadership, separated business units, training existing personnel, hiring additional personnel, cultivating long-term relationships, horizontal and vertical integration, leveraging knowledge and experience from other sectors, and learning by doing.
This study contributes to understanding PSS in the building sector and provides recommendations for practice and further research. By implementing these solutions, contractor companies in the building sector can overcome barriers to PSS adoption and increase their chances of successful implementation. The study offers guidance for efficient resource allocation and prioritization of solutions based on their effectiveness in addressing specific barrier categories. Future studies can explore customers' perspectives, conduct in-depth research on specific barrier categories, and focus on specific building systems or products to investigate potential barriers and solutions.","Product-service system; Barriers; Solutions; Business model; Sustainability; Circular economy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:2e46edbd-7a41-4841-a341-1a069b65d48f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2e46edbd-7a41-4841-a341-1a069b65d48f","Iron Powder as a fuel on Service Vessels","Scherpenhuijsen Rom, Erik (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Kana, A.A. (mentor); de Vos, P. (graduation committee); Souflis-Rigas, A.S.R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This paper provides an initial feasibility study of the potential installation of iron powder energy generation systems aboard a marine service vessel. After a short introduction as to the relevance of this study, the state-of-the-art iron powder energy generation is investigated. This information is then used to decide which marine service vessel would be best suited for an iron powder setup. This investigation leads to the conclusion that a semi-submersible crane vessel is the most optimal choice of service vessel. The feasibility of an iron powder setup on a semi-submersible crane vessel is tested using a design model that takes the key information of the vessels and simulates a particular mission profile to determine a hybrid split including this iron powder setup. This setup is then placed within a set of semi-submersible crane vessel designs in a case study to calculate its base level feasibility looking at the draft, stability, and emissions decrease. From these results, a conclusion can be made evaluating whether the installation of an iron powder energy generation system on a semi-submersible crane vessel can be considered feasible.","Iron Powder; Service Vessels; Design; Semi-Submersible Crane Vessel; Feasibility; Emissions; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology | Marine Engineering","",""
"uuid:49a24a62-e994-496e-9ea8-539144d2a102","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:49a24a62-e994-496e-9ea8-539144d2a102","Balancing Autonomy in a Shared World: An Urban Mobility Concept for Cortina in 2035","van Ginkel, Amber (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Human-Centered Design)","Hoftijzer, J.W. (mentor); Hiemstra-van Mastrigt, S. (graduation committee); Veendijk, Arif (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The mobility world is changing due to demographic transformations, sustainability challenges, and technological advancements. Consumers and governments seek sustainable and inclusive mobility solutions that cause less environmental strain, less noise pollution, and safer traffic. The mobility solutions must combine into a coherent platform for convenient and comprehensible communication towards future users through innovations such as Mobility as a Service (MaaS) and mobility hubs. This report proposes a strategy for Dutch bicycle brand Cortina to navigate the future mobility world. Cortina is the second-largest seller of city bikes in the Netherlands and is mainly known for its bicycles featuring front carriers.
A trend analysis about cities, mobility, and cycling in 2035 served as input for constructing a future worldview, described by the disappearance of private possessions and the rise in shared mobility, resulting in a decreased feeling of responsibility and autonomy. The design statement 'enabling people to feel like a part of something bigger without losing autonomy so they can be their authentic selves' was created in response. The statement is reinforced by an analogy describing the envisioned interaction between future user and context, forming the design vision of the graduation project.
The design insights gathered in the discovery stage form a design brief categorized by the pillars of the user-centred design described in the Delft Design Guide; desirability, feasibility, viability and responsibility.
The proposed future strategy for Cortina encompasses a café, bicycle, and roadmap. The Cortina café will be located at future mobility hubs, serving as a location where travellers can repair their bicycles, buy refreshments, or meet up with someone else. The café concept is accompanied by the Cortina Endurance bicycle, designed for durability, personalization, transport, and easy repair, capitalizing on expected right-to-repair legislation and providing Cortina with a first step towards the project's final vision within its area of expertise.
The strategy created for Cortina leads to the design vision through three stages, as described by a roadmap. The first stage encompasses reinforcing Cortina’s existing knowledge by designing a bicycle while seeking collaboration. The second horizon is expansion and experimentation, in which multiple pilots will test the concept of the Cortina Café. The third horizon describes integration and disruption, which will be the launch and growth of the Cortina Café. All these activities will eventually lead up to the future vision of 2035: creating an interaction that elicits autonomy, responsibility, trust, and cohesion.
The report's final design's value proposition includes autonomy, sustainability, social cohesion, and education. The Cortina Café enables users to be in charge of their mobility and reduces private car usage. The café serves as an educational platform, promoting repairing over replacing among younger generations.
The result of this graduation project should be treated as a visionary proposal that aims to inspire and guide society to a better world. Mobility players should work towards a joint visionary long-term worldview, as today's decisions will influence society's future.
To accelerate the Protein Transition, we need to understand the role and impact of food cultures in this transition. Culture is recognised as a promising strategic lever for accelerating societal transitions, but literature and methodology on the subject are limited. The intersection of transition design and culture has never been explicitly studied up until now. This thesis aims to fill the knowledge gap on how culture can impact societal transitions and what design methodology is needed to address this.
The thesis focuses on Dutch food culture. Animal proteins play a significant role in Dutch food culture. They are part of many rituals, traditions and behaviours. This is the result of a collection of socio- behavioural and cultural factors, including, but not limited to, meat and dairy being part of the Dutch identity, the government undertaking conscious efforts to increase meat and dairy consumption, a feeling of entitlement to meat and dairy, and meat and dairy being regarded as symbols of wealth and prosperity.
After gaining an understanding of Dutch food culture, it was decided to continue by studying a specific food culture. The borrel is a uniquely Dutch eating practice that can be considered its own food culture because of the many symbols and rituals linked to it. The methods used were a historical analysis,
interviews, observations and culture sensitive design models. By studying Dutch food culture and borrel culture, knowledge has been accumulated on how to study a food culture effectively.
This comes down to the seven principles for culture sensitive design for the Protein Transition:
1. History: How did we get here?
2. Consider the whole system (macro - meso – micro).
3. Scoping: Food cultures are huge; you cannot study them all.
4. Embrace diversity: Acknowledge different perspectives and conflicts.
5. Be aware of your own biases and experiences.
6. Keep your goal in mind.
7. Developing cultural sensitivity for transition design is a lifelong process.
All the accumulated knowledge has been compiled into a field guide for designers: the Food Culture Field Guide, which consists of an A6-sized guidebook and a card deck with 35 cards. The field guide contains information on studying (Dutch) food cultures and guides designers in their design process. This will help them create more culturally sensitive design interventions to accelerate the Protein Transition.","Protein Transition; Sustainability; Food Design; Meat alternatives; Meat consumption; Culture; Culture Sensitive Design; Food Culture; The Netherlands","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:072f484b-675f-4a27-a92d-2cf9fb159cd8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:072f484b-675f-4a27-a92d-2cf9fb159cd8","Research on how sustainability is implemented through participation in the housing cooperative La Borda","SHEN, YING (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The utilization of housing cooperatives, which is a form of affordable housing, has been an effective solution to a portion of Spain's housing crisis both before and after the Global Financial Crisis. La Borda, an innovative participatory design housing cooperative in Barcelona, was constructed in 2018 by architect cooperative LaCol and residents of the Sants-Montjuïc neighborhood. This historical thesis delves into the history of housing cooperatives in Spain, the Historical evolution of the participation theory in the residence, and the contextual and procedural aspects of the La Borda project. Through archival research, journalistic research, and literature review, the analysis of the impact of participation on the sustainability of the La Borda project emphasizes the importance of critical participation in housing cooperatives.","AR2A011; housing cooperative; Participation; Sustainability; Spain; La Borda","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:aa6e468a-2e4a-4f26-8925-0c46c125ad18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa6e468a-2e4a-4f26-8925-0c46c125ad18","An imagined dialogue: Richard Buckminster Fuller & Mark Wigley: Evaluating Screams towards Sustainability: Similarities and Differences","Gaillard, Elina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis will explore two different perspectives on the urgency of sustainable design in the built environment. The first perspective is Mark Wigley’s call for the imagination of ‘non-extractive architecture’ as outlined in his essay ‘Returning The Gift: Running Architecture in Reverse’. The second perspective is Richard Buckminster Fuller’s lecture titled ‘World Man’, delivered in 1966 at Princeton University School of Architecture.
According to Wigley, ecological responsibility and energy efficiency are not equivalent, which contradicts Fuller’s philosophy of ‘doing more-and-more with less-and-less’ to ensure human survival and evolution. This thesis aims to explore this contradiction by comparing these two perspectives from the past and present and answer the research question: What are the key differences & similarities in conveying the urge for sustainable design in the past & present, studied by the use of two outstanding voices?
The thesis will examine how the different social and political contexts of both figures, as well as their use of language and rhetoric, influenced their messages and empowered their audience. Through discussing the lessons that can be learned from both perspectives, a deeper understanding of the evolution of sustainable design will be gained, and the insights can be useful for developing a sustainable design process for the future.
Although both Fuller and Wigley use language as a tool to communicate their ideas, their rhetorical strategies differ significantly. Fuller’s lecture has a spontaneous and seemingly unorganized style, while Wigley’s essay employs rhetorical questions and vivid adjectives to captivate his audience.
Wigley’s essay ‘Returning the Gift’ appears to learn from Buckminster Fuller’s sustainability approach in architecture. While Wigley agrees with Fuller’s objective of achieving more with less until everything can be done with nothing, he suggests that we should expand beyond Fuller’s technological fix to address sustainability challenges and interact with wider social and economic systems that generate ecological issues. Wigley also illustrates Fuller’s concept of how local activities have global effects. Lastly, Wigley suggests running architecture in reverse to consider what might come after architecture, since architecture is deeply involved in extractive economies.
In order to promote a more sustainable design process, it is crucial to raise awareness about the various perspectives on energy use, sustainable design approaches, and the definition of sustainability itself. By doing so, we can acknowledge and learn from the mistakes we have made in the past. If we trust in Fuller’s philosophy, this increased awareness may lead to a positive shift in our behavior, resulting in more conscious actions and a more sustainable design process in the future.
In the past years, sustainability became more important in the procurement of infrastructure projects. One of the ways to implement sustainability in infrastructure projects is by award criteria in the tender phase of the project, called EMAT criteria, which stands for Economically Most Advantageous Tender. In this way, the client or procurer can determine the added value of the quality per contractor. So, the EMAT criteria is a way of tendering through the best quality/price ratio.
Selecting a suitable subcontractor and supplier will considerably improve the professional services capabilities of the main contractor. Approximately 80 – 90 percent of large infrastructure projects are subcontracted. This means that to have a transition towards a sustainable sector, the subcontractors and suppliers must help too.
This research, therefore, aims to generate insight into how the EMAT criteria influence the selection of subcontractors and suppliers
A literature study and case study with three cases were performed in this research.
The results of the case study show that the EMAT criteria influenced the selection of subcontractors and suppliers, especially when it comes to sustainability. The EMAT criteria are an incentive for the contractor to look at the sustainability level and development of the subcontractors and suppliers. When the client asks for sustainability in the tender through EMAT criteria, the contractor will use sustainability as one of the selection criteria for subcontractors and suppliers. Moreover, the importance of the EMAT criteria (read the percentage of deduction of the tender bid) influence the trade-offs between the selection criteria as well. When the deduction for sustainability in the EMAT criteria is higher, the more important the sustainability selection criteria will be in the trade-offs for subcontractors and suppliers.
It is recommended to the client and the contractor to have dialogue sessions with each other about the measurement of the sustainable EMAT criteria and the responsibility for the monitoring of this. Making clear how sustainability is measured and what is needed to monitor it, will stimulate the contractors, subcontractors, and suppliers of the infrastructure sector to be more sustainable in the future.
Furthermore, the use of equally weighted sustainable EMAT criteria makes it easier for the contractor to select the most sustainable subcontractor or supplier.
A final recommendation towards the clients of infrastructure projects is that sustainability should be part of EMAT, or part of all present and future contracts in general if we are to achieve sustainability goals for the infrastructure sector, but mostly for the ambitious goals in the Netherlands.
The YpsoMate autoinjector is a popular and convenient self-injection device used for various conditions, but its single-use design generates a significant amount of waste and CO2 emissions. To turn this wasteful linear life cycle into a circular one, this report analyses current autoinjectors on their ease of disassembly and their environmental impact, using tools like HotSpot Mapping, Disassembly Maps, and Life Cycle Assessments.
The project’s outcome is a visionary concept design for transitioning autoinjectors into the Circular Economy – the YpsoMate Refill. The proposal includes interventions to reduce the part count from 19 to 17 to minimize CO2e emissions. Moreover, it contains a new product architecture that enables quick and easy automated dis- and reassembly for reuse. Additionally, the use of a limited amount of commonly recycled bio-based plastics supports recycling at the end of life.
The circular product life cycle involves returning the used autoinjector at a Refill Hub, where it undergoes automated disassembly, disinfection, replacement of the prefilled syringe, a rigorous quality check, and reassembly. Finally, it is sealed with a new medicine-specific label to provide patients with a fresh and trustworthy product.
A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) confirms that even if the YpsoMate Refill is not reused, its environmental impact is approximately 25% lower (excluding the use-phase) than the single-use YpsoMate. This is thanks to the use of bioplastics and its reduced part count. Moreover, the LCA shows that the YpsoMate Refill emits approximately 50% less CO2e than the single-use YpsoMate after one reuse (two use-cycles) and approximately 65% after five reuses.
Compared to the single-use YpsoMate, the YpsoMate Refill is much easier to dis- and reassemble. While I had to break parts of the single-use YpsoMate during disassembly, the YpsoMate Refill features reusable connections. Due to its subassemblies, it requires only three steps to reach any part in the YpsoMate Refill, in comparison to nine steps for the single-use YpsoMate. Moreover, the entire device can be disassembled in eight tasks, compared to the twenty-one tasks required for the single-use YpsoMate.
In conclusion, the YpsoMate Refill concept offers a sustainable, convenient, and safe alternative to single-use autoinjectors. It aims to inspire the non-profit Alliance to Zero in their journey towards a sustainable pharmaceutical sector and provides patients with the opportunity to take care of their health without harming the environment.","Circular Economy; Injection; Sustainability; Medisign; Design for DIsassembly; Circular design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:58bb3d8c-cca3-4786-9e60-ff0f6f2edb3a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:58bb3d8c-cca3-4786-9e60-ff0f6f2edb3a","Stimulating waste separation in the Intensive Care Unit: Exploring opportunities for Circular waste streams","Pongrátz, Júlia (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Diehl, J.C. (mentor); Ruiter, A.C. (mentor); Hunfeld, N.G.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This design thesis explored the possibilities of recycling medical waste from the Intensive Care Unit of the Erasmus MC Hospital in the transition towards Circular ICUs. Through a combination of qualitative research methods, such as observations, interviews and waste audit, the medical context and the waste composition were explored. By selecting the most promising waste types for recycling, proposals for their collection and following parts of the waste journey were prepared.
In close collaboration with the main stakeholders and several sessions with the nurses, two directions for the final design were defined. Both solutions bring part of the waste stream upwards in the hospital waste hierarchy, ensuring better environmental scenarios in the short term. The first part of the design provides a process for separately collecting the packaging of special infusions bags used for dialysis. This process is aided by several physical and graphical tools which help the waste generating group, the nurses, to integrate the separation into their practices easily and correctly. The second part of the design promotes the correct usage of existing waste shredders through simplified rules and aided decision making.
By implementing the proposed solutions, nearly 10.000 kg of plastic waste can be derailed from incineration towards mechanical recycling, and 2000 kg of infectious waste can be saved from high intensity hazardous waste incineration. The overall environmental impact of the design is calculated to reach a reduction of 26.000 kg CO2 yearly and more importantly, poses an example to other hospitals, that recycling of their waste is a possible scenario.","Recycling; Circular design; Medical design; Waste collection; Healthcare; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:00b0ab95-3b97-43b5-b679-633b384ecd23","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:00b0ab95-3b97-43b5-b679-633b384ecd23","Beyond conscious and premium: A strategy to unite sustainability communication of low-cost brands and retailers in the denim industry","Stukker, Daphne (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Support Design, Organisation and Strategy)","Hultink, H.J. (mentor); Price, R.A. (mentor); Veenhoff, James (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The production of denim harms the environment, and given the industry’s size, the negative impact is significant. Therefore, denim must be produced more sustainably. In order to bring about change in the industry, an increase in demand for eco-friendly jeans is necessary to incentivise investments in sustainable production methods. Here, low-cost clothing brands and retailers can play a crucial role. With their substantial share in the denim industry and their connection to consumers, they have the ability to grow demand through effective Sustainability Communication. Unfortunately, their efforts currently overwhelm and confuse consumers, consequently damaging consumers’ green buying intentions. Therefore, this thesis, in collaboration with House of Denim, a non-profit striving for a more sustainable denim industry, investigates how low-cost brands and retailers can adapt their Sustainability Communication to ultimately increase the popularity of sustainable jeans.
To find a solution, this thesis examines the inter-organisational relations in the current system for SC, the brand's and retailers’ experience of the system and future notions by means of interviews and a literature study.
The investigation of the current system uncovered the multifaceted complexity that causes the SC shortcomings of low-budget brands and retailers. The inter-organisational challenges that contribute to this complexity are the indefinite and incomplete means of authorities that fall short in offering the industry constructive guidance. In addition, internal challenges from brands and retailers contribute to the complexity as their commercial strategy is in conflict with sustainability efforts; they operate individually and end up discouraged. On top of that, the competitive nature of the fashion industry, driven by seasonality, and fast-changing trends on low price points makes it challenging for low-cost brands and retailers to prioritise sustainable efforts.
Nevertheless, upcoming European legislation and showcasing eco-efforts to consumers are the predominant motivators for these businesses to invest in sustainable practices.
To overcome the complexity, brands and retailers must collaborate to level the playing field for SC towards consumers. Therefore, the final design is a proposal for a Dutch Denim Coalition. It presents the vision in a storytelling poster, suggests a strategy to build the coalition and offers dialogue starters. The coalition unites brands and retailers and connects them with knowledge and experts. The goal is to encourage managers from brands and retailers to adopt the same principles for sustainable denim and collectively work on improving the current system for SC.
This thesis highlights the fundamental issues that hinder the change of these low-cost clothing brands and retailers. It emphasises the significance of involving non-sustainable brands and retailers in sustainability discussions, as they represent a large part of the denim market and cannot be ignored. Hence, the design suggests a new direction for House of Denim which revives and enlarges the impact of their resources with a more inclusive view of the denim industry. Ultimately, it brings them one step closer to their vision; a Brighter Blue.
Through a series of analyses and co-creative design activities, I discovered two key factors that might serve as an opportunity or barrier in Juvenile Company’s transition towards a more sustainable future: the relationship between parent and stroller in the current system and Juvenile Company’s culture of product innovation through design.
Using context mapping, insight into the value exchanges between parent and stroller over time were captured. This led to identifying three distinct phases of value creation tied to a child’s developmental stages. It was found that the value implicitly delivered by the stroller over these developmental stages is the core value proposition of Juvenile Company.
It was found that Juvenile Company’s current strategy of revenue growth through product innovation is at odds with its sustainability goals. To achieve its sustainability goals, Juvenile Company must rely on qualitative innovation, rather than quantitative, to drive revenue growth.
Using the input from all research, a vision statement was formulated that describes the possibility space of Juvenile Company’s future innovation. “Juvenile Company empowers parents and their children to explore the world by providing value beyond products that adapts to parents’ changing needs without compromising the future needs of their children.”
A design strategy concept was created to describe what a circular Juvenile Company will need to look like to be fully circular. The concept consists of four elements that build on one another. At the deepest layer sits a new mental model: a culture of innovation through qualitative value creation. To create qualitative value, on the next layer up we find a reframed version of the core value proposition discovered through the context mapping research. Juvenile Company focuses on developing value explicitly for the three developmental stages identified. To guide the development of this value, three core vision principles were developed: Value beyond products, Adapting to changing needs and Dependable guide. To further illustrate these vision principles, thirteen key propositions were designed that help shape what the relationship between parents and Juvenile Company could look like in the future.
This strategy was conceptualised through two deliverables: a parent-Juvenile Company relationship journey map that describes how the key elements to the relationship interlink, and a children’s book that describes the story of how one family’s relationship with Juvenile Company develops over time.
Through constant reflection over the course of this process, key insight was created into how Livework designers can implement systemic design principles in organisational sustainability transformation projects. A knowledge gap was identified, consisting of three layers that each describe a different type of knowledge Livework designers must acquire. Additionally, it was found that a major difficulty in applying systemic design principles will be adopting an ecosystemic design lens that focuses equally on human and non-human participants of a system. Further implications and opportunities were identified that might shape how Livework approaches design projects.","Systemic Design; Sustainability; Service Design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:39a5d67e-3323-4f06-8a9b-3c6e0a755d75","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39a5d67e-3323-4f06-8a9b-3c6e0a755d75","Reducing food waste from online grocery shopping: A digital intervention to help consumers buy less excessively","Gerats, Steven (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Schifferstein, Hendrik N.J. (mentor); Goss, H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With more than half of all food waste taking place at home, a transition in our consumer behaviour is needed if we want a future with less waste. While supermarkets and food producers have strong incentives and have the tools to reduce waste on their side, consumers seem to be less concerned about wasting food. However, they are also caught in a complex web of conflicting goals and desires that stand in the way of behaviour change. Food waste is a result of avoiding time and effort, being unaware of its consequences, and experiencing a moral obligation to be a 'good provider'. This desire to provide our partners, families or guests with good and enough food suppresses our moral intentions to reduce waste. Changing behaviour requires confidence in the ability to do so. For family providers, this means feeling confident in being a good provider, and in their ability to minimise overprovisioning. To bridge this vision and the design phase, an interaction vision was developed, stating that interacting with the design should feel like a safety net, discovering new things, and learning by doing. This translates into a design that is reliable, spontaneous, and intuitive. Building on the findings from literature, interviews, and other exploration methods, several design iterations were made based on the following principles: to facilitate creative meal planning and the use of leftovers, to elicit our aversion to wasting money, to provide space to express identity, and finally to align being a good provider with buying enough. The final design is a service in the online grocery store that enables family providers to put meals on the table that deliver the right amount of food without compromising their desire to provide well. It involves creating personalised meal plans tailored to the preferences of the family members, as well as suggestions for substituting larger products for smaller ones. The qualitative test suggests that the intervention can successfully help providers to buy less and achieve behaviour change in the long term, mainly by reconsidering the items in their shopping basket. Through this design, this project explored a sub-solution to the systemic problem of food waste, specifically aimed at online grocery shoppers and their good provider identities.","Food waste; Sustainability; User Experience; Digital design; Overprovisioning; Grocery shopping; Online groceries; Consumer behaviour; Behaviour change","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:248b1c65-2c7f-4fff-bd41-8c3f9e1331df","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:248b1c65-2c7f-4fff-bd41-8c3f9e1331df","Development of a decision support for the selection of a sustainability assessment method for technology development in the aviation industry","Peters, Elena (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Hakvoort, R.A. (mentor); Schröder, E. (graduation committee); Reich, Nathalie (graduation committee); Born, Johannes (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Sustainability is a crucial topic in the day to day life as well as in industries. With the help of innovation and new technologies, the negative impacts on sustainability can be decreased. During the development of technologies, the concept of sustainability should be included at all times. This can be done with the help of sustainability assessment methods. However, companies (like the case company of this study) often only adopt one or a few sustainability assessment methods in their product development process. These methods might not necessarily be suitable for the technology under investigation. Furthermore, guidance on when to use which method can be identified as missing within the literature and in practice.
This thesis study aims to fill this gap by developing decision support for the selection of a sustainability assessment method during technology development. Coming from a comprehensive set of sustainability aspects (social, environmental and economic), during the thesis the focus was put on the environmental aspect exclusively. A literature study is used to identify a set of the possible sustainability assessment method. The identified methods are compared to a set of selection criteria based on the method's acceptance, type of assessment, and sustainability pillar covered. Four methods/method groups are identified as suitable for the defined criteria and the study scope. The selected methods are analyzed in more detail to gain a deeper understanding. Based on the knowledge acquired, a flow chart is developed to support selecting the most suitable sustainability assessment method. In order to be able to compare the selected assessment method with other available method, a ranking is developed. The ranking is based on a qualitative comparison and data obtained from the literature. The ranking is displayed in two ways, by a set of spiderweb diagrams and a ranking with numbers. A partial validation of the developed ranking is done by applying two methods to a use case and comparing the practical results with the theoretical ones. Here a mismatch between the ranking obtained from the theoretical data and the one from practical experience can be identified.
The result of the study is the development of decision support consisting of a flowchart and method ranking. Once both steps are followed, it should be possible to provide a fast and easy method selection for non-experts. Furthermore, the common practice of using only one sustainability assessment method (Life Cycle Assessment) is looked into. It can be seen that no sustainability assessment method is best in all criteria and application cases. Therefore, it is impossible to define one most suitable method in all cases. Choosing the right method depends on the scope (substance, product, or material) and the intended outcome. Thus, relying solely or predominantly on Life Cycle Assessment cannot be recommended. Alternative methods should be adopted and applied, also within the case company.
longstanding tree with Berlin and Germany—is at risk of survival due to shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. Rather than preserve one tree species, the city’s greenery shifted toward biodiversity. This contribution captures the conversion of this event through fashion production and makes a unique flavor of memory preserving for posterity","Sustainability; Monumental buildings; transparent wood; Architecture; Design for value; Fashion Industry; preservation; linden tree; perfume","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","The Berlage Post-MSc in Architecture and Urban Design","Fashion House",""
"uuid:2dffdd9b-bf93-4016-9b89-ff6e9ad9cf9a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2dffdd9b-bf93-4016-9b89-ff6e9ad9cf9a","Becoming green while flying blue","Spadon, Timo (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management; KLM Royal Dutch Airlines)","Annema, J.A. (mentor); Verburg, R.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis investigated the transition towards sustainable aviation technologies using a macro and micro perspective. For the macro perspective the seven function model of an Technology innovation system was used. The micro level comprised a case study at KLM using theory of Melissa Schilling, Strategic management of technological innovation. The method was qualitative in which several interviews were performed with industry experts and innovation experts at KLM.
This study revealed that the TIS for sustainable aviation technologies is currently active. However, the TIS is not performing optimally as main barriers emerge for the function legitimisation and lobby, obstructing the transition towards a sustainable aviation future. KLM could take a leading role in overcoming these barriers by using its reputation and profound industry knowledge. For this,
it is important that KLM prioritises innovation and use its will to pioneer in the transition. A long road lies ahead for the industry to become green due to the complexity of the actor network and the technical challenges. Nevertheless, given the technological advancements, it is expected that the first battery-electric flights will emerge in this decade, marking the start of a sustainable aviation industry.
Recommendations were made for policymakers, KLM, and science. The main recommendation for policymakers is to install legislative incentives for entrepreneurial activities and stimulate the market in the future. Furthermore, aerospace should be made available to test battery-electric and hydrogen
technologies. Recommendations for KLM are to prioritise innovation by reorganising innovation teams in the organisation. Autonomous teams should be installed that are separated from the core business to explore new business models and the impact of new technologies on the existing model. Future research should investigate the role of sustainability on the TIS. Also, during the interviews it came forward that the relation between entrepreneurial activities and knowledge creation is bilateral rather than unilateral as presented in the TIS model. Research should further investigate the impact of the bilateral relation on the model.","Technology innovation system; Sustainability; Micro perspective; Macro perspective","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:7b743989-9ae4-4650-bfd4-b58afbe68d46","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7b743989-9ae4-4650-bfd4-b58afbe68d46","Finding vision in a melting landscape: Sustainable outerwear in 2040","van Middendorp, Timon (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Hekkert, P.P.M. (mentor); Magnier, L.B.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","New studies state that climate change is projected to harm snow reliability in ski resorts, resulting in shorter ski seasons, increased snowmaking demand and low-lying ski areas may cease to exist. Open Wear is a sustainable outerwear brand that uses sustainable materials and ethical production to produce clothing from 100% recycled plastic. The brand promotes sustainability in the winter sports industry but acknowledges the potential impact of climate change on the industry and its existence. The report discusses the potential changes in the winter sports industry due to ecological changes, economic interests, human experiences, and cultural values. By creating a worldview of winter sports in 2040 and designing a concept product there has been explored how the brand can innovate in this changing world. The ‘Vision in Product’ method has been used, which focuses on the ‘raison d’etre’ and uses a worldview created from various context factors such as trends, developments, and principles to design a future vision. The company’s strengths, weaknesses and potential opportunities have been analyzed, stating that especially the Open Wear community can be a great asset in the future. Literature research indicates that winter sports can still be practiced for decades to come, but low ski areas or ski areas with unfavorable locations in terms of snowfall will have to deal with less snow in the coming years. The amount of snow-reliable days seem to be decreasing exponentially. To understand the impact of these and other factors on the worldview of 2040, driving forces have been created by forming clusters of these factors. A prediction has been made about what the world will look like in 20 years. Open Wear wants to encourage environmentally conscious people to moderate their ski behavior and to keep enjoying their outdoor escapes. They can do this by making multi-sport vacations more accessible by designing clothing that is created around conditions instead of sports. A digital platform for collaboratively creating future-proof products has been designed to switch from winter clothing to multi-sport clothing. In this way, Open Wear can motivate people to continue to enjoy their outdoor escapes sustainably, without being dependent on a changing climate.","Vision in Product Design; Future Vision; Winter Sports; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:1a63310f-85ef-4217-81b9-cb16b1520dc7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1a63310f-85ef-4217-81b9-cb16b1520dc7","Validation and analysis of loading models for a multi-megawatt floating offshore two-bladed wind turbine","Ralph, Ben (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; TU Delft Wind Energy)","Viré, A.C. (mentor); Bierbooms, W.A.A.M. (graduation committee); Jarquin Laguna, A. (graduation committee); Henderson, G. (graduation committee); Caruso, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Offshore wind is a rapidly maturing renewable energy technology and is expected to play a central role in future energy systems. It has the potential to generate more than 420,000 TWh per year worldwide, an amount approximately equal to eighteen times the global electricity demand today. While many of the most abundantly resourceful sites are at water depths too extreme for fixed-base solutions, current floating turbine technologies suffer with high-costs and inefficiencies. Seawind Ocean Technology B.V., a Netherlands based company, is a manufacturer of fully integrated floating wind turbine systems. They have designed an innovative set of low-cost, low-weight, upwind two-bladed wind turbines, with teetering hinge and yawed power control. This teetering hinge decouples the shaft from rotor, by adding an extra degree of motion, and protects the turbine from harmful aerodynamic and gyroscopic loads, as well as the rotor from hydrodynamic loads. The innovative active yaw control eliminates the need for complex pitching systems to regulate power output, in turn reducing turbine head weight and turbine costs.
There are a number of aims and objectives for this thesis project. The first, and most fundamental, was to investigate two-bladed and floating offshore turbine technology and share these findings with the hope that they make their way into the hands of change-makers who can promote the technology and consequently accelerate the green transition. The second was to optimise the loading analysis models of the Seawind 6 turbine using DNV GL’s wind turbine design software, Bladed. This is a 6 MW two-bladed floating offshore turbine and is intended for commercialisation by 2024. Seawind have extensive operational data from the Gamma 60’s deployment (the world’s first variable speed, two-bladed, wind turbine with a teetering hinge) in the 1990s. The Gamma 60 was modelled and compared to this operational data, with the calibrations in turn applied to the Seawind 6 models to improve its accuracy. Once achieved, the third goal was to carry out a thorough ultimate and fatigue load analysis of the optimised Seawind 6 model for various design load cases at extreme water depths. This investigation proved that the various investigated turbine components have been adequately sized and that suitable construction materials have been selected considering the loads they are expected to withstand. Following this large body of work, the fourth objective was to verify the theory that teeter motion is aerodynamically damped when the blades of a two-bladed, teetered turbine, are vertically oriented due to differences in angles of attack of the oncoming and retreating blades when yawed out of the wind. The fifth and final goal of this thesis work was to pull everything together and compare the floating offshore two-bladed Seawind 6 to a conventional floating three-bladed state-of-the-art turbine competitor. This was in terms of ultimate and fatigue loads experienced, capital and operational expenses (CAPEX and OPEX), lifetime carbon abatement, levelised cost of energy (LCOE), ease of manufacture and deployment, and operational performance.","floating wind; Offshore; Offshore energy; renewable energy; Renewables; Wind; Wind Turbine; Two bladed wind turbine; Two blade; Teetering hinge; Teeter; Energy; MSc SET; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2025-01-30","","","","Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology","",""
"uuid:d6ae9194-a118-43fd-b725-5d438bf9a475","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d6ae9194-a118-43fd-b725-5d438bf9a475","Towards sustainable and circular maintenance strategies for (existing) civil construction objects: Developing a tool to stimulate the integration of sustainability and circularity via collaboration throughout the maintenance stage in the Dutch context","Baldew, Menouschka (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Schraven, D.F.J. (graduation committee); Teigiserová, D.A. (mentor); Yang, Y. (graduation committee); Schat, H.J (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","On a general level, the Dutch government wants to have a fully circular economy by 2050 by reducing the use of primary materials and carbon dioxide emissions. As the consideration and integration of concepts such as sustainability and circular economy are becoming increasingly popular in the civil engineering sector, it might be time to re-consider certain activities.
From both scientific and practical points of view, it is concluded that currently a great deal of research is focused on stimulating concepts such as sustainability and circular economy in the “early stages” of the lifecycle such as procurement, design, and construction stages. However, the aforementioned concepts are not yet elaborately researched in stages after construction, such as the maintenance stage. However, in the Dutch context, there are hundreds of existing civil engineering assets, that need to be maintained daily. As the Dutch government has certain goals, it is important to see how maintenance strategies for existing civil engineering assets can be affected in the case when sustainability and circular economy are considered.
This research aims to explore the integration of concepts such as sustainability and circular economy within the maintenance stage of existing civil engineering assets. As a result of this research, a tool is developed in Microsoft Excel. This tool referred to as “Maintaining sustainably and circularly in a collaborative way” can be used by actors involved in the maintenance stage. It is possible to apply the tool in the following two phases, namely (1) the pre-contractual phase and (2) the execution phase for maintenance works. With the help of indicators, the actors involved can (re)consider aspects such as the (current) maintenance strategies, and the requirements for maintenance contracts. The tool can help to overcome certain identified barriers such as knowledge gaps on sustainability and circular economy within the maintenance stage, and diffused collaboration among parties involved in a certain process.
For this research, two important constraints to mention are:
(a) The developed tool is currently only applicable for sluices and bascule bridges (in Dutch: beweegbare bruggen), and
(b) the focus of this research is solely on performance-based contracts for maintenance works.
As an approach to conducting the research, the “Double Diamond Methodology” is applied. This is a design-thinking research approach. In the first part of the diamond, literature is reviewed and semi-structured interviews are conducted. The results of the literature review and the interviews led to the requirements that should be used as a basis for developing the tool. In the second part of the diamond, the tool was developed and tested via validation sessions.","Sustainability; Circular economy (CE); Maintenance; Collaboration; tool development; Barriers and enablers; Indicators; Double Diamond method; performance-based maintenance contracts","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:e4a424a4-1836-4956-bde2-ec56203b0fea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e4a424a4-1836-4956-bde2-ec56203b0fea","Maintenance emission information model: Developing an information model/tool to quantify CO2 emissions from maintenance activities of large number of assets in a Municipality","Uthirapathi, PRABAKARAN (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Jonkers, H.M. (mentor); van Nederveen, G.A. (graduation committee); Visser, Ben (mentor); Raghavendra Rao, Shreenidhi (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The construction industry in the Netherlands is taking numerous measures throughout the industry to achieve the possible reduction of CO2 emission or GHG emissions by 2050 to become carbon neutral. Based on the current situation the major focus is usually on the production and construction phase of a building or a civil infrastructure. To meet the requirements to minimize CO2 emissions, the municipalities and the stakeholders involved in the maintenance phase of civil structures have to improve the emission reduction process. This can be made possible if the quantification of the CO2 emission is improvised from the current status and focuses only on the maintenance activities alone.
The results of the research are obtained from the developed information model. The information model allows the user to estimate the CO2 emissions from the maintenance activities of the assets located in a municipality. The data obtained from the estimation of CO2 is used in the dashboard of the information model to visualize and compare the data in terms of different criteria like building materials, size of the assets, location of the assets, heavy machinery usage, etc. This way, the decisions can be made by the involved stakeholders in asset management in the strategies of the maintenance planning of the assets or the overall municipality.
This information model can add value to the existing life cycle applications since the maintenance or the usage phase emission is redefined and the necessary scope for maintenance is added to the existing scope. The consultants, asset owners/managers can monitor the CO2 emission from the maintenance activities specifically and can take any measures with the output data available from the information model. This information model currently quantifies the CO2 emission from the minor maintenance activities of the assets in a municipality. With this information, the next step can lead to optimizing the CO2 emission with other criteria like time and cost for the entire Municipality.
In the desalination case study, the use of hierarchical clustering allows for the identification and preservation of both majority and minority opinions, based on which, the same ranking of desalination scenarios is produced through PROMETHEE. Concerning the interdependence among criteria, the results reveal that it can help identify the crucial factors for improvement of sustainability performance of the alternatives. In addition, by considering it, the understanding of criteria is enhanced, which leads to more concentrated opinions of stakeholders in the desalination case. However, the findings indicate that the influence of incorporating the criteria independency on the final decisions is restricted in cases insensitive to weight variation.
The application of BWM-DEMATEL method is a complex and time-consuming activity. Considering the effectiveness and the cost of implementation, BWM-DEMATEL might be not as worthy of application in this case study. Inspired by this, it is meaningful to develop an approach to estimate the impact of the interdependence among criteria on the alternatives ranking in a certain decision problem in the future.
This document presents five key messages formulated on the basis of the actions developed by the partners during the project, combined with the observation of the knowledge transfer processes that led to the elaboration of the action plans, and the insights from the debates during the project events. It provides an overview of the state of play in heritage valorisation policies across the WaVE’s five locations and trends therein while summarising the changes in each of them towards an ecosystemic approach to water-linked heritage. The document concludes with a reflection on the challenges and outlook for the partners and lessons from WaVE in the wider European perspective.","Heritage; Water; Sustainability; Participation; Co-creation; Interreg; EU Cohesion policy; Spatial planning; Strategy","en","report","Interreg Europe","","","","","","","","","","Spatial Planning and Strategy","","",""
"uuid:77cfe836-bd2d-4184-936d-b219ee897b90","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:77cfe836-bd2d-4184-936d-b219ee897b90","Sustainable last-mile delivery from the supply side: Perspective of various stakeholders","Kiba-Janiak, Maja (Wroclaw University of Economics and Business); Marcinkowski, Jakub (Wroclaw University of Economics and Business); Witkowski, Jarosław (Wroclaw University of Economics and Business); van Duin, Ron (TU Delft Transport and Logistics; Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences)","","2023","","Stakeholders; Last mile delivery; Sustainability","en","conference paper","Chalmers University of Technology","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:52f4630a-8df4-4f34-b3b7-f678e6de8010","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:52f4630a-8df4-4f34-b3b7-f678e6de8010","Towards a sustainable approach to reconstruction of residential heritage: Insights from international case studies","Kousa, C. (TU Delft Heritage & Architecture; Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe–University of Applied Sciences and Arts); Lubelli, B. (Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe–University of Applied Sciences and Arts); Pottgiesser, U. (TU Delft Heritage & Architecture; Technische Hochschule Ostwestfalen-Lippe–University of Applied Sciences and Arts)","","2023","Reconstruction and recovery of historic cities after destruction due to conflict or natural disasters have gained increasing relevance in the last decades. The investigation of international examples of recovery after war or natural catastrophic events can provide knowledge for improving guidance and strategies for sustainable reconstruction/ intervention in similar cases in the future. This paper aims to identify and analyze the legal, administrative, social, and economic factors that can favor the reconstruction and recovery processes of the historic city and its residential neighborhoods. An extensive review of international examples and literature on guidance has been conducted to provide insight into best practices and potential solutions. As a result, a set of lessons learned that can be used to address post-conflict and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction in similar situations is given.","Residential heritage; Post-war reconstruction; Post-disaster reconstruction; International guidance; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Architecture","","",""
"uuid:0d8eb689-ed95-48d7-93d2-936f7077c8c4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0d8eb689-ed95-48d7-93d2-936f7077c8c4","A robust-fuzzy multi-objective optimization approach for a supplier selection and order allocation problem: Improving sustainability under uncertainty","Nazari-Shirkouhi, Salman (University of Tehran); Miralizadeh Jalalat, Sepideh (University of Tehran); Sangari, Mohamad Sadegh (Toronto Metropolitan University); Sepehri, A. (TU Delft Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering); Rezaei Vandchali, Hadi (University of Tasmania)","","2023","Attaining sustainability objectives has received wide attention in the supplier selection and order allocation (SSOA) literature. This paper aims to investigate an SSOA problem under multiple items, multiple suppliers, multiple price levels, and multiple period using a robust-fuzzy multi-objective programming in which: (a) transportation cost, delay penalty cost, and demand are uncertain; (b) four objectives are proposed to minimize total costs and the number of defective items and to maximize environmental and social impacts; and (c) all objectives of the problem have a fuzzy membership degree that is determined by the decision-makers. A robust optimization approach is elaborated as a solution procedure to address the uncertainty of the decision variables. The significance of each objective in practice is discussed based on seven distinct scenarios that produce a specific membership degree to help practitioners make efficient decisions in selecting the suppliers and allocating the orders. Two numerical examples with different sizes are conducted to validate the mathematical model. Thereafter, the sensitivity of each scenario on objectives and total satisfaction degree is analyzed. The results of the numerical solution compare the value of four objective functions under each developed scenario to provide a trade-off insight between different objectives for practitioners. Eventually, the credibility and efficiency of the proposed solution procedure are evaluated to validate the findings.","Supplier selection; Order allocation; Sustainability; Robust optimization; Fuzzy multi-objective programming","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2024-05-21","","","Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering","","",""
"uuid:640cbd21-caab-400f-a80f-09f9aef09181","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:640cbd21-caab-400f-a80f-09f9aef09181","Contrail Altitude Estimation Based on Shadows Detected in Landsat Imagery","Roosenbrand, E.J. (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Sun, Junzi (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Hoekstra, J.M. (TU Delft Control & Simulation)","","2023","Contrails contribute to global warming by trapping outgoing terrestrial radiation, exerting an immediate warming influence on the climate. The climatic impact of contrails is potentially comparable to that of aviation’s carbon emissions. This underlines the importance of minimizing contrail formation to mitigate the climate effects of aviation, both now and in the future. The evaluation of contrails demands more precise data on the location and altitude where they form. Remote sensing imagery enables the identification of their location. Nevertheless, determining the altitude of the contrail remains problematic, complicating the identification of the source flight. This study introduces a novel method that enables researchers to determine the altitude of a contrail solely using Landsat data by analysing shadows cast by contrails. Through validation against ADS-B data from OpenSky, we demonstrate that such a technique can achieve the accuracy of a few hundreds of meters, which is suitable for incorporation into a climate-optimized routing system. Finally, a ResUNet segmentation model is also presented, which can identify contrails and their shadows in Landsat imagery. These results constitute a step forward for more accurate contrail dataset and models.","Sustainability; Contrails; Remote Sensing; Atmospheric Science; OpenSky; Aircraft Surveillance Data","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","Control & Simulation","","",""
"uuid:b5129470-fba8-40c1-88dc-28f45ac6d1de","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5129470-fba8-40c1-88dc-28f45ac6d1de","Paving the Way Towards Zero-Emission and Robust Inland Shipping","Kirichek, Alex (TU Delft Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering); Pruyn, J.F.J. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations); Atasoy, B. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); Negenborn, R.R. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); Zuidwijk, R. (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam); van Duin, Ron (TU Delft Transport and Logistics; Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences); Tachi, K. (Expertise- en InnovatieCentrum Binnenvaart); van Koningsveld, M. (TU Delft Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering; Van Oord)","","2023","Several measures have been developed to prevent emissions from inland water transportation. However, it is challenging to weigh all the aspects to identify the pathway that will ultimately result in zero-emission inland shipping. A data-driven virtual representation of the inland shipping system can be used to evaluate zero-emission strategies, effectiveness of policies and technologies, and consequences of their implementation. This multi-level digital twin can realistically represent the system with all relevant components, which needs to be validated using real-world data. Subsequently, future scenarios can be imposed on the digital twin, and the proposed intervention measures can be applied, based on which their efficiency can be assessed together with the inland shipping sector. This study discusses the essential aspects of designing a digital twin for an IWT. Three aspects are considered essential: individual ships, logistics chains, and infrastructure. As these research topics span various scales, ranging from a single vessel to an entire infrastructure network, an agent-based approach is suitable for forming the basis of the digital twin. Consequently, potential interventions can be considered, ranging from the application of new technologies to individual vessels to policy measures implemented for an entire shipping corridor or various bunker infrastructure strategies in the network. Additionally, the impact of the implemented interventions can be evaluated at any desired scale, ranging from the individual ship level and its emissions to the network level and aggregated emissions in an entire area, or the impact on the logistics chain.","Emissions; PATH2ZERO; Multi-level digital twin; inland waterway transport; Energy transition; Sustainability","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Rivers, Ports, Waterways and Dredging Engineering","","",""
"uuid:e4ef2d10-86c2-46c1-aeb1-7493ce935d58","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e4ef2d10-86c2-46c1-aeb1-7493ce935d58","Coupling high-rate activated sludge process with aerobic granular sludge process for sustainable municipal wastewater treatment","Kosar, Sadiye (Istanbul Technical University); Isik, Onur (Istanbul Technical University; Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University); Cicekalan, Busra (Istanbul Technical University); Gulhan, Hazal (Istanbul Technical University); Cingoz, Seyma (ISKI Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration); Yoruk, Mustafa (ISKI Istanbul Water and Sewerage Administration); Ozgun, Hale (Istanbul Technical University); van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (TU Delft BT/Environmental Biotechnology); Ersahin, Mustafa Evren (Istanbul Technical University)","","2023","Achieving a neutral/positive energy balance without compromising discharge standards is one of the main goals of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in terms of sustainability. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology promises high treatment performance with low energy and footprint requirement. In this study, high-rate activated sludge (HRAS) process was coupled to AGS process as an energy-efficient pre-treatment option in order to increase energy recovery from municipal wastewater and decrease the particulate matter load of AGS process. Three different feeding strategies were applied throughout the study. AGS system was fed with raw municipal wastewater, with the effluent of HRAS process, and with the mixture of the effluent of HRAS process and raw municipal wastewater at Stage 1, Stage 2 and Stage 3, respectively. Total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N), and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the effluent were less than 10 mg/L, 60 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, and 1.3 mg/L respectively at all stages. Fluctuations were observed in the denitrification performance due to changes in the influent COD/total nitrogen (TN) ratio. This study showed that coupling HRAS process with AGS process by feeding the AGS process with the mixture of HRAS process effluent and raw municipal wastewater could be an appropriate option for both increasing the energy recovery potential of WWTPs and enabling high effluent quality.","Aerobic granular sludge; Energy recovery; High-rate activated sludge; Municipal wastewater; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","BT/Environmental Biotechnology","","",""
"uuid:f65a75bc-c174-47b0-9f12-762a9f289cb1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f65a75bc-c174-47b0-9f12-762a9f289cb1","Machine learning and circular bioeconomy: Building new resource efficiency from diverse waste streams","Tsui, To Hung (National University of Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise); van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (TU Delft BT/Environmental Biotechnology); Dai, Yanjun (Shanghai Jiao Tong University); Tong, Yen Wah (National University of Singapore; Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise)","","2023","Biorefinery systems are playing pivotal roles in the technological support of resource efficiency for circular bioeconomy. Meanwhile, artificial intelligence presents great potential in handling scientific tasks of high-dimensional complexity. This review article scrutinizes the status of machine learning (ML) applications in four critical biorefinery systems (i.e. composting, fermentation, anaerobic digestion, and thermochemical conversions) as well as their advancements against traditional modeling techniques of mechanistic approach. The contents cover their algorithm selections, modeling challenges, and prospective improvements. Perspectives are sketched to further inform collective efforts on crucial aspects. The multidisciplinary interchange of modeling knowledge will enable a more progressive digital transformation of sustainability efforts in supporting sustainable development goals.","Biorefinery; Multiscale modeling; Resource recovery; Supply chain; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-06-05","","","BT/Environmental Biotechnology","","",""
"uuid:ec913c48-20ce-4750-8d57-83cdad827cea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec913c48-20ce-4750-8d57-83cdad827cea","The effects of fuel type and cathode off-gas recirculation on combined heat and power generation of marine SOFC systems","van Veldhuizen, B.N. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations); van Biert, L. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations); Amladi, A. (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen); Woudstra, T. (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen); Visser, K. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations); Aravind, P.V. (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen)","","2023","An increasing demand in the marine industry to reduce emissions led to investigations into more efficient power conversion using fuels with sustainable production pathways. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) are under consideration for long-range shipping, because of its high efficiency, low pollutant emissions, and fuel flexibility. SOFC systems also have great potential to cater for the heat demand in ships, but the heat integration is not often considered when assessing its feasibility. This study evaluates the electrical and heat efficiency of a 100 kW SOFC system for marine applications fuelled with methane, methanol, diesel, ammonia, or hydrogen. In addition, cathode off-gas recirculation (COGR) is investigated to tackle low oxygen utilisation and thus improve heat regeneration. The software Cycle Tempo is used to simulate the power plant, which uses a 1D model for the SOFCs. At nominal conditions, the highest net electrical efficiency (LHV) was found for methane (58.1%), followed by diesel (57.6%), and ammonia (55.1%). The highest heat efficiency was found for ammonia (27.4%), followed by hydrogen (25.6%). COGR resulted in similar electrical efficiencies, but increased the heat efficiency by 11.9% to 105.0% for the different fuels. The model was verified with a sensitivity analysis and validated by comparison with similar studies. It is concluded that COGR is a promising method to increase the heat efficiency of marine SOFC systems.","Alternative fuels; Heat integration; Ships; Solid Oxide Fuel Cell; Sustainability; Thermodynamic analysis","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Ship Design, Production and Operations","","",""
"uuid:4535de4e-bf70-4b3f-9fd7-0e7bc6f749c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4535de4e-bf70-4b3f-9fd7-0e7bc6f749c6","From circular strategies to actions: 65 European circular building cases and their decarbonisation potential","Nußholz, Julia (Rambøll Management Consulting); Çetin, Sultan (TU Delft Real Estate Management); Eberhardt, Leonora (COWI); De Wolf, Catherine (ETH Zürich); Bocken, Nancy (Maastricht University School of Business and Economics)","","2023","The application of the circular economy (CE) in the building industry is critical for achieving the carbon reduction goals defined in the Paris Agreement and is increasingly promoted through European policies. In recent years, CE strategies have been applied and tested in numerous building projects in practice. However, insights into their application and decarbonisation potential are limited. This study analysed and visualised 65 novel real-world cases of new build, renovation, and demolition projects in Europe compiled from academic and grey literature. Cases were analysed regarding the circular solution applied, level of application in buildings, and decarbonisation potential reported, making this study one of the first comprehensive studies on the application and decarbonisation potential of circular strategies in the building industry in practice. The identified challenges of using LCA for CE assessment in buildings are discussed and methodological approaches for future research are suggested.","Carbon emissions; Circular buildings; Circular built environment; Circular economy; Climate change; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Real Estate Management","","",""
"uuid:6b367678-66a1-40f0-b783-deed8f180da6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6b367678-66a1-40f0-b783-deed8f180da6","New investments in phosphorus research and training are paramount for Brazilian long-term environmental and food security","Raniro, Henrique Rasera (BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences); Papera de Oliveira, J. (TU Delft BT/Environmental Biotechnology; Wetsus, Centre for Sustainable Water Technology); José, Lucas Urbano (University of Southern Denmark); Valença, Rodrigo Maia (Aalborg University); Pavinato, Paulo Sergio (Universidade de São Paulo); Hermann, Ludwig (Proman Management GmbH, Auersthal); Santner, Jakob (BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences; Justus Liebig University Giessen)","","2023","Brazil is an agricultural giant that plays a crucial role in the Global Phosphorus Challenge (GPC), and whose highly weathered soils are currently dependent on phosphorus (P) fertilizers derived from phosphate rock, a dwindling and critical resource. Brazil imports > 50% of its P fertilizers and P recovery from waste is not yet explored in the country, making it vulnerable to market instabilities, phosphate rock availability, and geopolitical conflicts. To make matters worse, Brazilian research budget has been shrinking for 7 years straight, hindering scientific efforts and causing significant ‘brain drain’, further undermining the country’s capacity to tackle this critical problem. However, an opportunity comes with the new Brazilian Federal government (starting January 2023), which promises to make significant investments in science and higher education. We call for all stakeholders to seize this important moment and timely collaborate in creating multidisciplinary P-related projects, taking advantage of the soon-to-be available resources to develop knowledge, technologies, and training networks to shape a new generation of experts in P management in the tropics. We are confident that through agriculture intensification, intelligent use of resources, new legislation and governance, Brazil will stride towards sustainable food production, bringing immediate value to Brazil and the world by protecting the Amazon forest and advancing to overcome the GPC.","Brazil; Investments; Phosphorus; Research; Sustainability; Training","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","BT/Environmental Biotechnology","","",""
"uuid:983bfca5-a83b-4599-8c8d-7999564020d2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:983bfca5-a83b-4599-8c8d-7999564020d2","Smart Product-Service Systems in Fashion Industry: A Systematic Review of Sustainability Results","Gür, D.R. (TU Delft Methodologie en Organisatie van Design)","","2023","Purpose: This review paper provides an inductive analysis on ""Smart product service systems"" in fashion industry by explaining how servitization as a form of service innovation is critical for sustainability, and the promise of digital technologies for smart fashion industry based on analysing current challenges, opportunities, and digital technologies for the implementation of Smart PSS in the fashion industry.
Methodology: The study employed an inductive analysis approach to identify the servitization domains, respective Smart PSS applications and the environmental sustainability results. The environmental sustainability results matched with the services were derived from the extensive literature by inductive coding of all identified Smart PSS applications through systematic literature review.
Findings: Fashion industry applications of Smart PSS were matched with the respective servitization domain, and the discussion were extended with the possible environmental sustainability results based on the literature content. Further research questions have been proposed.
Originality: Recent research calls for contributions about the effects of digitalization on different outcomes of servitization beyond financial performance and draws attention to the small number of studies addressing the environmental benefits of digital servitization to the circular economy. This study addresses the research gap for a scholarly discussion about the environmental sustainability results of digital servitization in fashion industry and provides a comprehensive future research agenda.","Sustainability; Servitization; Smart Product Services Systems; Service Innovation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Methodologie en Organisatie van Design","","",""
"uuid:e35fd87f-62a5-4a64-9948-9d79f6fc3906","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e35fd87f-62a5-4a64-9948-9d79f6fc3906","Integration of IoT into e-government","Shao, Deo (University of Dodoma College of Informatics and Virtual Education); Ishengoma, Fredrick R. (University of Dodoma College of Informatics and Virtual Education); Alexopoulos, Charalampos (University of the Aegean); Saxena, Stuti (Graphic Era University, Dehradun); Nikiforova, Anastasija (University of Tartu); Matheus, R. (TU Delft Information and Communication Technology)","","2023","Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the drivers, barriers, benefits and risks affecting the integration of Internet of Things (IoT) into the e-government and to provide a future research agenda. Design/methodology/approach: Existing literature examining the relationships between e-government and IoT is scanned and evaluated by conceptualizing the IoT concept in the e-government perspective. Findings: The study shows that there are drivers to integrate IoT in e-government, such as ensuring the economy, efficiency and effectiveness of government operations, which would largely establish a relationship between the government and the citizens. Furthermore, there are barriers to such integration, given the lack of political will, the appropriate information technology infrastructure, the training of the stakeholders with a focus on the employee and the like. Originality/value: The integration of IoT in e-government is a novel and weakly explored concept, particularly in the light of new advances such as blockchain in the e-government, which requires further exploration and conceptualization, thereby achieving a shared/common vision and body of knowledge for its further successful and sustainable adoption – to the best of the authors’ knowledge, the current study is one of these initial attempts.","Barrier; Digital transformation; Driver; E-governance; E-government; Electronic government; Integration; Internet of things; IoT; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-29","","","Information and Communication Technology","","",""
"uuid:9ea72dd0-f5bd-454e-8d40-3db386a148bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9ea72dd0-f5bd-454e-8d40-3db386a148bd","Contrail minimization through altitude diversions: A feasibility study leveraging global data","Roosenbrand, E.J. (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Sun, Junzi (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Hoekstra, J.M. (TU Delft Control & Simulation)","","2023","As global flight volume rises, the aviation industry is facing increasing climate challenges. One major factor is the impact of contrails, which trap outgoing terrestrial radiation and counteract emission reduction benefits from emission-optimized flight routes. Our study quantifies contrail-forming flights globally and assesses altitude adjustments necessary to avoid these regions. Using the Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive and global flight data from 2021-2022, we highlight several contrail-prone regions with high air traffic volumes and high potential for contrail-formation. We propose an operational strategy in altitude diversion, which can halve the amount of persistent contrails. Further, we analyse the additional carbon emissions caused by the altitude diversions and safety risks in terms of potential new conflicts. Our findings provide actionable strategies for policymakers to balance climate mitigation and operational challenges in aviation.","Aircraft surveillance data; Atmospheric science; Contrails; OpenSky; Remote sensing; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Control & Simulation","","",""
"uuid:a50d0739-81b7-4f39-9995-ba774f2e9b76","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a50d0739-81b7-4f39-9995-ba774f2e9b76","An approach to develop set-on-demand 3D printable limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials using calcium nitrate","Chen, Y. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Rahmani, Hossein (Student TU Delft); Schlangen, E. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Copuroglu, Oguzhan (TU Delft Materials and Environment)","","2023","The implementation of extrusion-based 3D concrete printing (3DCP) in large-scale constructions is currently limited by concerns regarding rheology control and the sustainability of this process. To address these issues, this study presents an approach to develop limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious (LC3) materials accelerated by Ca(NO3)2 solution in an inline static mixer-based 3DCP setup. Using this approach, a printable mixture containing only about 275 kg/m3 of Portland cement was formulated that can exhibit a good buildability performance and a 28-day compressive strength of over 30 MPa. Additionally, the effects of adding Ca(NO3)2 solution on the initial setting time, structural build-up, inline buildability, early-age hydration, and compressive strength of LC3 materials were investigated and discussed. Results show that the addition of Ca(NO3)2 solution improved the buildability and accelerated initial setting as well as the structuration due to the promoted ettringite precipitation and C–S–H nucleation. Furthermore, compressive strength at 7 and 28 days was improved through increasing the Ca(NO3)2 dosage, which can be attributed to the formation of NO3-AFm and the increase in the amount of C–S–H gels.","3D concrete printing; Calcium nitrate; Limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials; Rheology control; Set-on-demand; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:e038638c-9e81-4f62-80c2-0e7d09066e10","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e038638c-9e81-4f62-80c2-0e7d09066e10","Port city symbiosis: introduction to the special issue","Jansen, Maurice (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam); Hein, C.M. (TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics)","","2023","Port cities and their neighbouring areas, located at the confines between sea and land, are key hubs in the transportation of goods and people. Ports serve global transport needs, while they are embedded in local geographies, topographies, political, economic and historical settlements. People have always been attracted to human settlements at the interface of water and land. These settlements have evolved into large population centres and metropolitan areas. Major cities, economic hubs and trade centres are engines of key importance for expansive territories and the ports in their vicinity, but they are also places at the forefront of many contemporary threats, including sea level rise as a consequence of climate change. Today, according to the United Nations Development Programme, 55% of humans worldwide live in cities and 40% live within 100 kms off the coast, thus in the vicinity of water-related threats. Maritime and logistic flows cross ports and densely built territories, creating additional environmental and other challenges. The war in Ukraine, long periods of drought and excessive water levels due to heavy rainfall in Pakistan are only the latest examples of both the need for and the danger of port activities for cities and landscapes. Nonetheless, a comprehensive understanding of the relationships between ports, cities and their territories is missing. This special issue argues that we need to embrace a holistic, inclusive approach to port city development, based on ecosystems values, embedded in various layers of capital: natural, cultural, social, human, industrial and creative. To achieve a port city symbiosis and avoid parasitism—defined here as a relationship where one partner benefits at the expense of another-, new port governance frameworks will have to answer to what knowledge needs to be shared to make multiple value creation in the port city ecosystem happen. For transitions to happen, port city territories will have to nurture ecosystem values to unlock this capital. New governance constellations will have to be based on shared mindsets, deeper understanding of the interests of local communities, and a set of collaborative principles. What exactly the relationships are between port, city and territory, how maritime flows relate to them, and whether or to what degree these connections are symbiotic or parasitic is subject for further exploration. Exploring the concept of symbiosis in port city ecosystems is fundamental for human activities, including economic ones, to sustain themselves in healthy, clean, green, liveable port cities and coastal communities. In this introduction we reflect on contributions by authors who examine port city symbiosis in various seaports in the Netherlands, Chile, United States, Portugal, as well as inland ports in France, Belgium, Switzerland and Germany.","Ecosystems; Port city; Port city territories; SDGs; Sustainability; Symbiosis","en","contribution to periodical","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-09-13","","","History, Form & Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:0f88f3d8-20d9-4c53-8f16-dbe0df9e9c64","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0f88f3d8-20d9-4c53-8f16-dbe0df9e9c64","Extrinsic self-healing asphalt materials: A mini review","Wan, Pei (Wuhan University of Technology); Wu, Shaopeng (Wuhan University of Technology); Liu, Quantao (Wuhan University of Technology); Wang, Huan (Wuhan University of Technology); Gong, Xing (Wuhan University of Technology); Zhao, Zenggang (Wuhan University of Technology); Xu, S. (TU Delft Materials and Environment; Wuhan University of Technology); Jiang, Jian (Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Construction & Development Group Co. Ltd.); Fan, Lulu (Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Construction & Development Group Co. Ltd.); Tu, Liangliang (Shenzhen Special Economic Zone Construction & Development Group Co. Ltd.)","","2023","Self-healing is a biological phenomenon in which living organism responds to the suffered damage in a complex way. Inspired by the self-healing phenomenon in nature, various biomimetic healing methods rooted in intrinsic or extrinsic healing mechanisms have been explored. Research on novel self-healing asphalt materials with intelligent response is at the cutting-edge of materials science and offers a potential strategy for building long-life and low-carbon asphalt concrete infrastructure. This paper describes the progress of research on extrinsic self-healing asphalt materials and makes a clear distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic self-healing. The asphalt self-healing mechanism is interpreted by capillary flow theory, phase field theory, molecular diffusion theory and surface energy theory form various perspective. The extrinsic self-healing strategies including thermal induced healing and rejuvenator induced healing are proposed to enhance the healing level of cracked asphalt materials. A brief review of the methods including fracture-healing test and fatigue-healing test for assessing the efficacy of different extrinsic healing methods is presented. The thermal induced healing method bring high crack repair efficiency for asphalt concrete and the rejuvenator induced healing strategy not only improve the healing ratio of cracked asphalt concrete but also regenerate the ageing asphalt in situ. Important lessons for prospective research on the creation of novel self-healing asphalt materials are highlighted.","Asphalt materials; Extrinsic self-healing; Mechanisms; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2024-03-16","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:285da381-44ee-4dab-bd35-dd342d5e1511","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:285da381-44ee-4dab-bd35-dd342d5e1511","Milk, mylk or drink: Do packaging cues affect consumers’ understanding of plant-based products?","Furukita Baptista, I.B. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics; Universidade Federal de Pelotas); Schifferstein, Hendrik N.J. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics)","","2023","The market growth of plant-based alternatives to animal food products pushes agencies around the world to discuss specific regulations regarding their communication, terminology, and packaging design. We created and tested 18 packages of plant-based milk and plant-based chicken meat varying the “animalness” of terminology, container, image, and claim. An online survey was answered by a sample of 600 US participants. The image (cow or soybean on milk; chicken or wheat on meat) had a significant effect on the expected origin (animal or vegetable) of the products, but terminology (“milk”, “mylk” or “drink”; “chicken”, “strips” or “seitan”), container (plastic jug or carton box; plastic tray or glass jar), sensory claim (“creamy” or “smooth” on milk) and nutritional claim (“no cholesterol” or “low sodium” on chicken) did not. We found significant effects of the type of container on the willingness to try the meat and of terminology on the willingness to try the milk. Finally, terminology and image significantly affected consumers’ expectations for the sensory characteristics of the two products. These findings can help agencies effectively regulate terminology and packaging aspects of plant-based substitutes, as well as inform industries, scientists, and designers.","Claims; Design; Packaging; Protein transition; Sustainability; Terminology","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:91043fc1-34ca-4f06-8b74-1ea8b47e0eff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91043fc1-34ca-4f06-8b74-1ea8b47e0eff","Environmental considerations in engineering: systemic differences between experts and novices","Kirjavainen, Senni (Aalto University); Celik, S (TU Delft Methodologie en Organisatie van Design)","","2023","Engineering knowledge forms an essential part of our planetary fight against climate change. Traditionally, engineering curricula emphasizes the importance of technical knowledge and encourages to specialize in niche areas, where engineers develop themselves into experts. However, it is important to be able to reflect on complex societal challenges from a variety of perspectives to produce not only innovative, but also long-lasting and inclusive solutions for the greater good. This paper aims to understand the extent of systems thinking abilities of engineers by differentiating experts from novices. The study traces sustainability connections made by professional engineers and master's level engineering students when solving engineering design problems. This qualitative study highlights seven recurring themes that relate to the global sustainability discourse and describe a problem-centred approach through a real-life case that focuses on paper and pulp production, through a thematic analysis of 59 responses. The results portray system-level differences in how novice and expert engineers approach sustainability questions and how these differences shape their solution spaces.","Experts and novices; Social responsibility; Societal consequences; Sustainability; Systems thinking","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Methodologie en Organisatie van Design","","",""
"uuid:39838976-4df2-4d10-8ea8-f8df88558a63","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39838976-4df2-4d10-8ea8-f8df88558a63","Critical considerations and effective assessment of extraction and recovery processes of RAP","Zhong, Haobai (Tongji University); Huang, Weidong (Tongji University); Lin, P. (TU Delft Pavement Engineering); Zhou, L. (University of Nottingham); Lv, Quan (Tongji University)","","2023","With the increasing shortage of resources, the reuse of recycled asphalt pavements (RAP) in pavement engineering is considered as a sustainable technology. Challenges posed by common extraction and recovery methods may result in misjudgment of asphalt pavement performance. In this study, we investigate the optimization of extraction and recovery processes in recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) recycling, aiming to promote sustainable development within the pavement engineering sector. We prepared eleven asphalt samples to simulate common extraction and recovery scenarios, using virgin SBS-modified asphalt as a reference. Employing Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) testing, we assessed the samples' rheological and chemical properties. We pointed out three common but easily overlooked problems in the extraction and recovery process, namely residual mineral powder, residual trichloroethylene, and incomplete extraction. Residual mineral powder and trichloroethylene greatly influence extraction recovery accuracy; high-speed centrifugation effectively addresses trichloroethylene, but completely removing mineral powder remains challenging. Accurate evaluation of residual substances in recycled asphalt is achievable through FTIR, TGA, and rheological tests, providing valuable insights for material selection and processing. Additionally, it is crucial to fully recover the binder from RAP for precise performance evaluation, as the binder's interior exhibits lower aging levels compared to the surface. This aging heterogeneity should be considered when assessing RAP performance and developing effective rehabilitation strategies. Our findings hold significant implications for enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of extraction and recovery processes in RAP recycling, ultimately contributing to sustainable development in pavement engineering.","Aging heterogeneity; Extraction optimization; RAP recycling; Residual substances; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Pavement Engineering","","",""
"uuid:fe20726a-6eea-416f-8a10-6d796e9ebdfd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fe20726a-6eea-416f-8a10-6d796e9ebdfd","Knowledge co-production for decision-making in human-natural systems under uncertainty","Moallemi, Enayat A. (The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)); Zare, Fateme (University of New South Wales); Hebinck, Aniek (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam); Szetey, Katrina (The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO)); Molina-Perez, Edmundo (Tecnologico de Monterrey); Zyngier, Romy L. (Deakin University); Hadjikakou, Michalis (Deakin University); Kwakkel, J.H. (TU Delft Policy Analysis); Haasnoot, Marjolijn (Deltares; Universiteit Utrecht)","","2023","Decision-making under uncertainty is important for managing human-natural systems in a changing world. A major source of uncertainty is linked to the multi-actor settings of decisions with poorly understood values, complex relationships, and conflicting management approaches. Despite general agreement across disciplines on co-producing knowledge for viable and inclusive outcomes in a multi-actor context, there is still limited conceptual clarity and no systematic understanding on what co-production means in decision-making under uncertainty and how it can be approached. Here, we use content analysis and clustering to systematically analyse 50 decision-making cases with multiple time and spatial scales across 26 countries and in 9 different sectors in the last decade to serve two aims. The first is to synthesise the key recurring strategies that underpin high quality decision co-production across many cases of diverse features. The second is to identify important deficits and opportunities to leverage existing strategies towards flourishing co-production in support of decision-making. We find that four general strategies emerge centred around: promoting innovation for robust and equitable decisions; broadening the span of co-production across interacting systems; fostering social learning and inclusive participation; and improving pathways to impact. Additionally, five key areas that should be addressed to improve decision co-production are identified in relation to: participation diversity; collaborative action; power relationships; governance inclusivity; and transformative change. Characterising the emergent strategies and their key areas for improvement can help guide future works towards more pluralistic and integrated science and practice.","Co-production; Socio-ecological system; Stakeholder; Sustainability; Transdisciplinary","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Policy Analysis","","",""
"uuid:67d28377-32fa-4670-b5c5-7a1b0a88238a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:67d28377-32fa-4670-b5c5-7a1b0a88238a","Closing the Loop: Harnessing Waste Plastics for Sustainable Asphalt Mixtures – A Comprehensive Review","Kumar Ashish, Prabin (Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur); Sreeram, Anand (University of Cambridge); Xu, Xiong (Wuhan Institute of Technology); Chandrasekar, Pavan (Georgia Institute of Technology); Jagadeesh, A. (TU Delft Pavement Engineering); Adwani, Dheeraj (The University of Texas at Austin); Kumar Padhan, Rabindra (Indian Oil Corporation Limited)","","2023","The widespread production and consumption of plastics is a pressing global issue that requires multifaceted approaches and solutions. In terms of recycling, one of the ways to repurpose waste plastics in the construction industry would be to utilize them for asphalt pavement-related applications. Although this approach can potentially provide a value-added recycling outlet for plastics, several challenges need to be resolved to maximize its usage to the highest possible extent. Based on this, the present review article provides a comprehensive background on the different pertinent aspects associated with the use of waste plastics in asphalt mixtures. Besides examining the mechanical performance of asphalt mixtures containing waste plastic, the associated environmental concerns and life cycle assessment related attributes are also thoroughly deliberated. In addition, the successful demonstration of this technology through field trials in several countries is also discussed. Some of the main challenges related to the use of plastics in asphalt mixtures include the variability of plastic properties and composition, which can influence its mechanical performance and associated environmental impact. In general, the incorporation of waste plastics using certain tailored approaches can adequately meet and even enhance the typical performance parameters of asphalt mixtures. However, the effect of plastics modified asphalt mixtures on fuming and microplastics release remains unclear and needs further research. Nevertheless, the increasing number of field trials and widespread interest from transportation agencies around the world indicate the likelihood for the adoption of this technique as a sustainable practice in the pavement industry.","Asphalt mixtures; Environmental impact; Field performance; Mechanical properties; Sustainability; Waste plastics","en","review","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2024-02-07","","","Pavement Engineering","","",""
"uuid:e3adf464-d72c-4f49-a108-3c16dfe1134b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e3adf464-d72c-4f49-a108-3c16dfe1134b","Big Tech Corporations and AI: A Social License to Operate and Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships in the Digital Age","Capasso, M. (Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa); Umbrello, S. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology)","Mazzi, Francesca (editor); Floridi, Luciano (editor)","2023","The pervasiveness of AI-empowered technologies across multiple sectors has led to drastic changes concerning traditional social practices and how we relate to one another. Moreover, market-driven Big Tech corporations are now entering public domains, and concerns have been raised that they may even influence public agenda and research. Therefore, this chapter focusses on assessing and evaluating what kind of business model is desirable to incentivise the AI for Social Good (AI4SG) factors. In particular, the chapter explores the implications of this discourse for SDG #17 (global partnership) and how this goal may encourage Big Tech corporations to strengthen multi-stakeholder partnerships that promote effective public-private and civil society partnerships and the meaningful co-presence of non-market and market values. In doing so, the chapter proposes an analysis of the sociological notion of ‘social license to operate’ (SLO) elaborated in the mining and extractive industry literature and introduces it into the discourse on sustainable digital business models and responsible management of risks in the digital age. This serves to explore how such a social license can be adopted as a practice by digital business models to foster trust, collaboration and coordination among different actors – including AI researchers and initiatives, institutions and civil society at large – for the support of SDGs interrelated targets and goals.
In contrast, it must go through a long journey from booking the food to disposing of the food with conference organizers, the secretariat who is also the orderer, and the Cirfood caterer in a different stage. The project figures out the workflow of the banquet service and understands the problems of different stakeholders that meet during the process that cause food waste. The design solution achieved the vision: I envision a seamless banquet service aiming to help the organizers, orderers and audience collaborate to reduce food waste. The project ends with the holistic banquet service concept, which integrates with the website, APP, and packages to apply numerous design interventions for multiple stakeholders to meet their value towards collaborating to reduce food waste. In addition, validation has proven that the new service concept could achieve the goal of the design vision.
This research aimed to investigate 3D weaving to rethink the production process for a denim jacket. 3D weaving combines woven textile design and garment design in multi-layer textile forms. With 3D weaving, the number of production steps after weaving and the resulting cutting waste can be reduced by weaving parts of the garment as already connected pieces.
This project is executed in a sustainable context of limiting pre-consumer waste and reducing the number of parts to assemble the denim jacket. A change in the manufacturing process of a denim jacket will raise the question if the 3D woven denim jacket can and also has to look the same as a denim jacket produced with the regular cut-and-sew method. The 3D woven denim jacket versions in this report show how and to what extent this is possible. These concepts also show how this new production method affects the aesthetic outcome of denim jackets.
This report starts with setting the context of denim jackets, the industry and its polluting side. After introducing 3D weaving and setting the criteria the process of experiments is explained and visualised. Research through design has been the basis of this research. This iterative research led to three 3D woven versions of a chosen concept. These prototypes were developed at Diamond Denim during a visit to their factory in Pakistan through many weave cycles. One of the outcomes is a zero-waste 3D woven jacket.
The aesthetic of the 3D woven jackets was found to fit the description of a denim jacket but was different due to the fabric density, texture and raw fraying seams.
Change is inevitable. Let’s wear the change!","Denim; 3D weaving; Textile; Textile-form; Zero waste; Sustainability; Denim jacket","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:e665b12f-3bb4-4ff8-b095-4388a8d0ba59","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e665b12f-3bb4-4ff8-b095-4388a8d0ba59","Towards a Circular ICU: How to implement reusable video laryngoscopes at the ICU","Koot, Veerle (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Diehl, J.C. (mentor); Kleinsmann, M.S. (mentor); Hunfeld, Nicole (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The healthcare sector uses a lot of on single use medical products, causing large amounts of CO₂ emissions and excessive amounts of waste. This project contributes to a circular Intensive Care Unit (ICU) by investigating the barriers and possible solutions for a transition from single use video laryngoscopes (VL) to (partly) reusable ones, in order to develop guidelines and best practice for the transition of other single use medical products to reusables.
To produce single-use products, raw materials are extracted, products are manufactured, used, and disposed of after using the product just one time. This is known as the linear economy or the ‘take-make-waste’ system, having a devastating effect on the environment. However, reusing medical products comes with organisational challenges. Concerns with patient safety, liability, the costs, and complexity of developing and maintaining in-house reprocessing infrastructure and logistics have left hospitals with a complex organisational challenge.
The research question for this project is: How can the ICU become more sustainable through overcoming organisational challenges hindering the implementation of reusable video laryngoscopes? With the sub-questions: 1. What are the barriers and enablers for implementing the reuse of video laryngoscopes in the ICU? 2. How can the reuse of video laryngoscopes be implemented at the Erasmus MC? 3. What could be the next step in transitioning similar products (to the video laryngoscope) from single use to reusable?
This design project was structured through three phases: Exploration, Analysis and Conceptualisation phase. Three product journeys were analysed: a single use VL, semi-reusable VL and a completely reusable VL. This project concludes, contrary to the original hypothesis, that barriers to for the implementation of reusable VL’s are minimal. The semi-reusable VL seems to require the least change from the organisation, but the fully reusable VL contributes better to the end goal of a fully circular ICU in 2030, notwithstanding its higher up-front cost.
For the implementation of the reusable VL it is essential to spark the actual implementation of the reusable VL and communicate with and facilitate stakeholders. The implementation processes need to be kickstarted through the set-up of a tender, followed by a pilot, pilot evaluation and expansion of the pilot in order to ensure proper implementation. After implementing the VL three other medical devices were identified to follow in the footsteps of the reusable VL: Laryngoscope blades, bronchoscopes, and scissors. Laryngoscope blades and bronchoscopes can be collected in the same place since the use-case of them is very similar to the VL. Scissors will require further research but follow a similar journey to and from the CSD.
This report brings value to the ICU of the Erasmus MC through identifying that the Erasmus MC has the resources and capabilities to implement the reusable VL’s, as well as presenting recommendations for the implementation process.
A significant problem within the automotive industry and for in-car interfaces in general, is the fact that the in-car user experience becomes obsolete at a much faster pace over time compared to the potential lifespan of the car itself. Moreover, there is also a societal future need for long lasting products in order to have a positive impact on sustainability to achieve the goals as decribed in the EU Road Map to a Resource Efficient Europe by 2050 (Cooper, 2010)(den Hollander 2014). Both these statements form the personal incentives and indicate its relevance. This project aims at developing a design proposal of a durable in-car interface for future Lightyear models. This proposal is based on updateability by designing a both physically and digitally updateable in-car interface. The design process is done through a user-centered approach which can be utilized for future designs of in-car interfaces or as a approach in itself.
Problem
When the user experiences a sense of obsolescence of the in-car experience, it causes users no longer
perceiving the interfaces as useful and/or meaningful, which causes them no longer regarding the interfaces as useful and/or meaningful. This results in people perceiving the product as if its no longer relevant although it still has a substantial life to come. For an in-car interface many resources were acquired for development and production purposes. Subsequently, a user-centered design approach of extending product lifetime, is not (yet) focussed on within the automotive industry, and especially not within the design fields of in-car interfaces.
Challenge
The main challenge is to create a durable in-car interface by doing research, user tests, and apply design principles within in-car interfaces to manage obsolescence of the in-car user experience.
Literature Studies
In order to come up with a suitable concept, extensive literature research, context research, future framing, evaluation sessions, and user tests are done in order to identify design principles that a conceptual solution can be built upon. The concept includes three main principles based on existing literature and methods for managing obsolescence described by the following typologies:
- Extended Use
- Recovery
- Long Use
These principles are named this report respectively: Smart Support, User as Creator, and Concept of Time.
Research & Evaluation
The user evaluation sessions and user tests provide insights in use and to validate interaction design principles. Three principles have been tested in order to establish clear guidelines for the final design proposal. The objective of the user tests was to gain knowledge about to what extent these principles facilitate the user’s behaviour, needs, wants, expectations, and preferences.
Design Proposal
After the evaluation and testing phase a clear design proposal can be formulated. It is concluded that the design of an in-car interface should have a supporting system that analyzes the use and gives feedback and recommendations on the basis of a performed analysis by this sytem which is customized to the users average rides and interface use. Secondly the design should have a modular principle aiming at updating physical functional modules. Lightyear should provide installation support for updating physical modules and/or panels. In terms of payment, most users prefer paying by one time purchase for (physical) updates over time, to make a well considered decision on what and when to update.
Essential Factors
In order to solve the problem, it requires not only a new way of designing in-car interfaces, but also demands to rethink product lifecycle management, product value proposition, and a circular business model in order to enable successful implementation. Though the prospect of this needed change starts by a change in mindset on durability of the in-car experience for both the future user as well as Lightyear as a company. ","Automotive; Obsolescence; Durability; In-car interface; Interface Design; Human Machine Interaction; User-Centered Design; User Experience; Sustainability; Sustainability strategy; Circular Business Model","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:ec8b769a-84cb-4133-9ded-9acd8438e67c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec8b769a-84cb-4133-9ded-9acd8438e67c","Lignin epoxy resins: synthesis and evaluation as coatings and composites","Santana Martin, María (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Picken, S.J. (mentor); Gonzalez Garcia, Y. (mentor); van Rijn, J. (mentor); Filonenko, G.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Epoxy resins are one of the most relevant and widely used thermosets in the market covering a wide range of applications. Industries are being forced to quickly transition towards sustainable alternatives due to the pressure from emerging environmental concerns, the depletion of petrochemical supplies, and compliance with environmental legislation. Since the primary component of epoxy resins is derived from petroleum (Bisphenol A (BPA)), companies like Westlake Epoxy have joined the search for innovative, environmentally friendly solutions. Many bio-based substitutes have surfaced in recent years, in efforts to eliminate or reduce the quantity of BPA in epoxy resins. Attention has been focused on lignin biomass as a viable feedstock in the manufacturing of these thermosets because of its large production volume and some structural characteristics.
This study addresses the synthesis of novel lignin-based epoxy resins and the evaluation of their potential application in the field of coatings and composites. For this research, different sources of technical Kraft lignin were employed. Since technical lignin is not very reactive due to the large molecular weight polymers, a Confidential Fractionation process has been developed. For its synthesis, both small- and large-scale glycidation processes were successfully implemented. To understand the chemical structure of lignin and its corresponding resins, different analytical techniques were used such as Gas Chromatography (GC), titrations, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC). Additionally, for the development and characterisation of coatings and composites, a variety of material testing techniques were employed, namely Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamical Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Interlaminar Shear strength (ILSS), Impact testing, Pendulum hardness, among many others.
Experimental results showed an average fractionation yield of 50-60% of technical Kraft lignin using the Confidential Fractionation process. Compositional differences in the fractionated lignin substrates studied via NMR analysis, predict some differences in the reactivity of these substrates towards glycidation, which is supported by different Epoxy Group Content (EGC) of the corresponding epoxy resins. The EGC of the lignin-based epoxy resin is significantly lower than that of the reference resin due to the presence of bulky moieties that hinder the reactivity of active sites. While lignin-based coatings exhibit comparable performance in hardness and direct impact resistance, however, its high viscosity and stiffness results detrimental in other areas. On the other hand, this high viscosity is a major challenge in the processes of prepreg laminates leading to poor adhesion of the fibres to the matrix, which has a negative effect when it comes to mechanical performance. However, adding lignin to epoxy resins has proved to improve the thermal stability of these materials.
waste management practices. The overarching objective is to keep resources within closed loops and at their highest level of utility without losing their technical and economic integrity. As of now, 88% of waste generated yearly by the Dutch C&D industry is currently down-cycled for road backfilling purposes, 1-3% is currently reused or up-cycled for high-value practices and the remaining is incinerated.
The objective of this study is to identify the challenges that are characterizing recovery and reuse practices in the C&D industry in Zuid-Holland and make a preliminary assessment on whether Blockchain (through DLT and Smart contracts technologies) can be a suitable solution for addressing them. The methods
employed for conducting this study blend desk research with qualitative research (in the form of semistructured interviews) and a decision-making framework to assess the use of Blockchain technology.
The results indicate that the materials and construction elements to be considered more interesting concerning reuse and recovery are bricks, steel profiles and window/door frames. The decision-making process driving their reuse and recovery is company-specific and differs significantly across firms. In general, the data required for assessing the feasibility of reuse and recovery for construction elements are the material composition of new and old buildings, supply-and-demand specific information (volume and timing), technical specification and quality-related data as well as market prices. Challenges characterizing reuse and recovery practices are several. First, construction and demolition activities and asset management practices are asynchronous and separated by large time gaps. Material procurement starts significantly earlier than demolition activities and the process needs to be accurate and based on
reliable data. Data management practices are inconsistent and not harmonized among companies. Digital asset management tools (such as BIM), are employed by large companies only and their use on a national scale is neither harmonized nor compulsory. These aspect limit the economic feasibility of reuse and
recovery practices as the accuracy and reliability of data for driving decision-making is poor or nonexisting. Intra-project and intra-firm data sharing are therefore not possible. A Blockchain system which integrates smart contracts and distributed-ledger-technology (DLT) can partly address and tackle these
issues. To address them fully, however, Blockchain technology must be combined with an asset management tool like BIM for making the solution consistent and scalable at an industry level which in turn requires the implementation of national and industry-wide data management protocols and standards that would harmonize the collection, management and distribution of data across the C&D industry. The Netherlands, unlike other EU member states, has, at this point, no government-driven digitalization strategy in place and is rather opting for a market-driven transition.","Blockchain; Construction process; Sustainability; Reuse; Waste management","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:7d30a05c-6e5a-427f-b567-5c9a8d2b9cd7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7d30a05c-6e5a-427f-b567-5c9a8d2b9cd7","Building a sustainable future: a comparative life cycle assessment of a cross-laminated timber and a lightweight steel frame building","Grul, Wesley (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Hu, Mingming (mentor); Steubing, Bernhard (graduation committee); Slootweg, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The Netherlands has faced rapidly increasing housing prices over the previous years. As a counter measure, the government is aiming to increase the construction of new houses from around 70 thousand annually to 100 thousand annually, to achieve 900 thousand new houses by 2030. At the same time the world is facing a climate crisis and the Netherlands has pledged to decrease its emissions by at least 50% in 2030 in respect to 1990. The country must therefore reduce the impact of new built houses to be able to build more while reducing the total emissions.
Currently most houses are built with reinforced concrete which is generally not seen as a sustainable construction method due to the carbon emissions related to cement production. Building houses with cross-laminated timber panels or lightweight steel frames are proposed alternatives with a lower expected carbon footprint. This study was set up to perform a life cycle assessment of a steel and a timber building to compare their impact and find out under which circumstances building with steel or timber is a more sustainable option. A case study was found of a timber building and a hypothetical alternative was designed with steel frames which were both studied under three scenarios. The scenarios represent the choices that could be made regarding material production and waste treatment, ordered from worst-case, to expected, to best-case scenario.
When including the climate impact of construction, the treatment of waste, end-of-life benefits and carbon storage, the timber building performed better than the steel building in every scenario regarding global warming. However, waste treatment, end-of-life benefits and carbon storage are all dependent on future processes and emissions happening after 2030. When only the construction is included, the steel building outperformed the timber variant in the expected and best-case scenario. For this reason, building more houses with lightweight steelframes produced with at least 50% recycled steel would be the most beneficial for the Netherlands to reach its 2030 climate goals. When taking a longer timespan into consideration, timber buildings are the preferred choice due to the carbon storage effect, as long as the forests are replanted sustainably.
Either alternative was found to be a better alternative than the current houses built with reinforced concrete. If all houses built before 2030 were made with the alternative production methods this could save at least 20 Megaton of CO2 emissions. Because the alternatives researched made efficient use of materials, no significant issues were found for the demand of wood or steel in the Netherlands. In fact, steel demand is likely to decrease due to the reduced need for reinforcement steel. Further improvement on both alternatives is possible by increasing the potential lifespan of the buildings and reducing the emissions related to energy use in the production of materials.
The outcomes of this study may influence decision making depending on the weight the Dutch government gives to its climate goals of 2030 versus its total impact on climate change. Constructing steelframe houses may reduce construction emissions by 4% compared to timber by 2030 but would result in 64% more emission in 2100 due to the missed-out carbon storage. In general, the construction industry can improve a lot by increased use of low-carbon alternatives such as lightweight recycled steel and biobased materials.
A design process with a systemic lens acknowledges waste as an essential element in the system, enabling an execution providing for a circular economy.
The exploration consists of technological, experiential and aesthetical research of woollen Woven Textile-form in which the shape-changing properties of wool fibres make them morphic Textile-forms. The potential for a circular economy, using biodegradable, recyclable, mono-material widens the scope towards multimorphic Textile-form (McQuillan & Karana, 2022).
This research aimed to unfold techno-aesthetics emerging from material expressions through woollen woven Textile-form exploration in a circular economy. Experiential Characterisation (Camere & Karana, 2018) unfolds the material experiences of the created samples, identifying a new aesthetic formed by materiality.
Techno-aesthetics (Dalmasso, 2019) questions the origin and nature of aesthetical values concerning technology, demonstrating the necessary value change of perception and expectations of the typical textiles and textile-based products and potentially beyond when a sustainable design outcome is a goal.
All together, this should make us seriously question the appropriate perception and expectations of typical textiles and textile-based products and potentially beyond when a sustainable design outcome is a goal. Woollen Woven Textile-form and Morphic Textile-Form methods, together, may create a new understanding of materiality to move towards Multimorphic Textile-form. This research suggests embracing material traces induced by exploring methods such as Woollen Woven Textile-form methods to unfold ‘new circular techno–aesthetics’ to create an understanding of materiality and move towards a circular economy.
Embracing ‘circular techno-aesthetics’ through materiality may bring about the needed global fundamental change of value and move towards a circular economy.
datasets. This can then be used in the simulation software ENVI-met to calculate the effect that these structures have on the microclimate. Firstly, we successfully made a 2D inventory based on the different components necessary to run the simulation.
Secondly, when converting from the 2D data to 3D data, errors occurred as regards to the tree and building datasets. Thirdly, the simulation failed due to a lack of interoperability between the datasets and softwares. Therefore, we are unable to answer the research question. However, after an in-depth assessment of the FAIRness of data, we conclude that by testing, failing and improving the
interoperability of datasets and softwares, we can change our perception of the data we collect and find new ways to store and visualize them.","TU Delft; Campus; University; Microclimate; ENVI-met; Sustainability; Climate Change; Urban Heat Island effect","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Spatial Computing for Sustainable Development","Open Urban Data Governance",""
"uuid:9b0977d7-3b31-446e-a45c-6f2c5710016c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b0977d7-3b31-446e-a45c-6f2c5710016c","Turn the Tide: A dive into the possibilities of sustainable water sports","Schreuder, Camiel (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); van Bohemen, Robin (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Speetjens, Simon (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Postma, Marijn (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); van Biert, L. (graduation committee); van der Male, P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This report will give an in depth view on the technical feasibility of placing an offshore platform from which watersports can be practiced in the waters surrounding the island of Bonaire. The feasibility research is done by appointment of two entrepreneurs on the island of Bonaire. The report will give an answer to the research question: Can an offshore floating platform, aimed at fast watersports, be built as sustainable as possible within the context of Bonaire? This research question can be divided into multiple sub-questions, being: 1. What is the context of Bonaire? 2. What is, for this report, the definition of sustainability? 3. What facilities are needed on the platform? 4. How can 100% renewable energy be generated for the platform? 5. What would such a (conceptual) platform look like? To answer these questions, the method as described in Kossiakoff (2011) is used. This method gives structure to the design of a system that has not been used before, but tries to combine older systems in new innovative ways. From this method, three important stages in the design process have been identified: The needs analyses, the concept exploration and the concept definition. This report follows that structure, starting with the chapter: Needs analyses. In this chapter, the report answers the first two sub-questions. The context of Bonaire can be described as: an island with opportunities for every-one, but the local environment suffers from the exponential growth of people and tourists that visit the island. For the second sub-question the definition of sustainability has been placed within this context of Bonaire, leading to a specialized definition of sustainability. This definition combined with the requirements of the clients has lead to a valid need for the platform. The concept exploration, gives options to answer those needs. It does so by researching a broad range of possible facilities for the platform. This broad research eventually leads to a morphological map from which 3 realistic and 1 futuristic concepts are designed. In the concept definition these 3 realistic concepts have been tested by an MCA resulting in one concept that has been worked out for various components, thus answering sub question 5. From this worked out concept, a conclusion is written in where the main conclusion is that an offshore platform aimed at fast water sports van be build sustainable within the context of Bonaire if the clients are able to make some consensus in there plans and the way they will use the platform. Finally, considering the sustainability of the proposed platform, it can be concluded with current technologies it is hard to build a platform without emissions, negative effects or any hidden impact. However, if the schedule and plans of the clients where to change towards a more ’nature dependent’ schedule (so taking peak energy generation into account). The platform could set an example and can even be a global ’first’ when it comes to making the practice of watersports more sustainable.","Sustainability; Floating; Watersports","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:0385af02-b9f2-488f-943e-0e438cf0896c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0385af02-b9f2-488f-943e-0e438cf0896c","Sustainable behavior change towards short-haul flights for business trips: Applying the Fogg Behavior Model to determine how to change the mindset towards flying for business with the aim to reduce the impact of flying","Hupe, Victor (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Calabretta, G. (mentor); Balkenende, A.R. (graduation committee); Villegas, I.F. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Companies let their employees take short-haul flights for business trips while there are alternative, more sustainable, modes of transport. Understanding the motivation of the company and their employees for flying is essential to create a design solution which could change their behavior. To reach the goal of a maximum global temperature rise of 1.5 degrees by 2050, we have to change our polluting behavior as much as possible. The data reported in this report is drawn from both a literature study and a series of qualitative, semi-structured interviews. The results of the research show that for the company the motivation to go on a business trip is driven by social motivators. The motivation of employees is driven by emotional motivators. Both the company and the employees experience physical motivators when choose to fly (compared to other modes of transport). The design solution is a seminar that helps creating awareness about the impact of short-haul flights in combination with a website, where users are guided in their decision to go on a business trip and in their choice for the best suited (sustainable) mode of transport.","Sustainability; Aviation; Short-haul flights; Behavior change","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:272ca521-0986-4109-94a0-3326e2870865","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:272ca521-0986-4109-94a0-3326e2870865","Pre-treatment and utilization of recycled fine glass dust for 3D Concrete Printing","Spek, Mike (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Materials and Environment)","Copuroglu, Oguzhan (mentor); Chen, Y. (mentor); Bristogianni, T. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The first part of this thesis investigated different pre-treatment methods of the fine glass dust in order to increase the reactivity when it was used as a cement replacement in cementitious mixtures. The results showed that the optimal pre-treatment for the fine glass dust was a heat-treatment at 600∘C for 1 hour combined with a grinding treatment of 1 hour. The heat-treatment was efficient in removing the organic compounds from the fine glass dust and the grinding treatment was efficient in reducing the particle size of the fine glass dust. The second part of this thesis investigated the influence of different cement replacement percentages by pre-treated fine glass dust in cementitious mixtures. Results showed that higher FGD percentages resulted in a reduction in compressive strength. However at longer curing ages (between 28 and 90 days) a small increase in strength development was observed. This could be attributed to the pozzolanic activity of the fine glass dust, which caused secondary strength development at later curing ages. It was also shown that significant amounts of secondary products were formed in the mixture with 25% FGD, which caused volume instability of the mixture. For the mixture with 10% FGD no volume instability was observed. The third part of this thesis investigated the suitability of pre-treated fine glass dust for 3D Concrete Printing using the set-on-demand printing technique. For the mixture with 50% FGD in the cementitious mixtures it was found that a superplasticizer (SP) dosage of 0.4% was sufficient to develop a pumpable cementitious mixture. For the mixture with 20% FGD, this SP dosage was found to be 0.35%. As a combination of cementitious mixture with an accelerator slurry with 10% and 8% CaCl2, Mix FGD50- SP0.35-Acc10% and FGD20-SP0.35-Acc8% provided promising results in terms of fast stiffness and strength development. Due to volume instability of the FGD50 mixture, only mix FGD20-SP0.35-Acc8% was tested on printability. This mixture proved to be printable with a nozzle moving speed of 3600 mm/min and a time interval between layers of 18.8 seconds. Therefore a 20% replacement of Portland cement with fine glass dust could be used to develop a printable cementitious mixture for 3DCP. The fourth part of this thesis discussed the applicability of the developed mixture in practice. A concrete bus shelter was used as a case study and it was shown that the mixture developed enough strength to withstand the stresses of the designed structure. The developed mixture FGD20-SP0.35- Acc8% was promising for implementation in 3DCP in terms of sustainable development of the concrete industry and as a new utilization of a byproduct from the glass recycling industry","3D concrete printing; Sustainability; Circularity","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:3a163f99-e57a-45f7-931d-0b9c30d003e0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3a163f99-e57a-45f7-931d-0b9c30d003e0","A Circular Business Model for a Pregnancy Bra","Vandijck, Odmar (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","van den Hende, E.A. (mentor); van Engelen, J.M.L. (graduation committee); Figdor, N.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This report proposes a strategy to develop a circular business model for Feelou, a company that has worked on a sustainable pregnancy bra. The circular business model aims to improve the lifespan of the bra and reduce resource usage. This report consists of a research phase and a conceptualisation phase. The research phase explores the current industry and the challenges for the resource flows in the circular business model. The conceptualisation phase aims to solve the challenges that are found in the research phase, resulting in a roadmap for development of a circular business model.
The main challenges for a sustainable company in the current clothing industry are competing with greenwashing companies and finding sustainable alternatives for currently common practices, as the industry is a long way from becoming sustainable. Three paradoxes describe the dilemmas that Feelou faces in launching a circular business model for their bra.
Firstly, the Business model paradox shows that a sales model would be easier for Feelou and the customer. However, it would be less sustainable than a lease model, in which Feelou would keep ownership of the product. Secondly, the Perceived hygiene paradox is an important challenge for the reuse of bras: many women find pre-loved bras unappealing, however this is influenced by familiarity with the previous owner. Finally, the Circular impact paradox considers the scale versus quality of impact. Doing it perfectly mostly means doing it on a smaller scale, which affects overall impact. To grow, concessions need to be made.
The Butterfly Diagram (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2013) inspired the Resource flow diagram (RFD), a model that was used to explore possibilities for a circular business model. The analysis showed that Feelou should focus on the inner loops as this is where Feelou has a direct influence. The main challenge in the inner loops lies in the Perceived hygiene paradox. As a lease model creates many additional challenges, a sales model is pursued in the conceptualisation phase.
The conceptualisation phase started with a co-creation session with the target group. Many solutions were provided by the participants, noteworthy findings include: accompanying the product by a letter that describes the ideal life cycle of the bra, emphasising the value of sustainable behaviour as the reward itself and a focus on positive communication.
The RFD exploration and brainstorm provided enough material to fill in the service blueprint, providing an overview of the circular business model and its components. An interesting insight of the service blueprint is that Feelou can inspire customers to treat the bra sustainably on three different moments: during sale, during use and after use.
The business model canvas provided insight into the main challenge for the selection of the target group and value proposition: the dual focus on comfort and sustainability in the branding of Feelou. Further exploration through the brand DNA shows that this dual focus actually provides a competitive advantage. The comfort aspect focuses on the individual, while the sustainability aspect focuses on society and the planet, resulting in a branding strategy that is more resilient than comfort or sustainability alone would be.
The final deliverable, a roadmap helps to put all ideas and sides of the circular business model into perspective over time. It splits the development into the startup phase, the scale up phase and finally the ideal model. It provides a toolbox of resources that can be used to set up the circular business model and let it grow towards the next phase.
The fundamental problem addressed in this dissertation is the lack of appropriate guidance and well-structured knowledge about the approaches and considerations which should be deliberated in the design and decision-making process for deploying PV technology in architecture. The overarching goal of this research is to promote the use of PV technology in the built environment while being thoughtful of the symbiotic and functional relationship between the technology and the urban fabric. Specifically, it aims to support the decision-making process required for the adoption and development of photovoltaic products in the built environment.
This thesis builds upon the interrelations between the concept of Integration, design decisions, and technological decisions. As the starting point, we looked into ‘integration’ as an alternative approach to the existing addition or attachment of PV into buildings. To do so, we explored given definitions and requirements outlined for the concept of Integration within the context of the application of PV in building architecture. In existing literature, integration is described as the solution for wider adoption and acceptability of PV in the built environment and defined as situation where PV module replaces a building material in a building. However, our findings show that integration does not presume photovoltaic products to be used as part of the construction material and serve a secondary or tertiary function. Furthermore, it highlights under the definition of Integration, the PV system can still be part of the architecture and remain a building service and perform a singular function as a renewable energy generator.
In the next step, we looked into how architects have used PV technologies in buildings. We shortlisted 30 projects and categorised them based on those design decisions that made them different from one another. We highlighted that these projects could be categorised based on decisions made on (i) visibility of PV system in the building architecture, (ii) mounting strategy and structural connection of PV panels and building, (iii) the customisation level of PV module, (iv) the building fabric used, and (v) the role of PV in the building system.
Subsequently, 30 architects were interviewed to study their experiences and perceptions about the architectural application of photovoltaic. In this study, we approached two groups of architects: one with experience of using PV technologies and the other with no relevant experience. Based on the input received, we witnessed three types of motivations for using PV technologies in architecture projects: the first type was related to external incentives that drive the project (e.g., NZEB), the second type was rooted in the architect’s interest in environmental-friendly and climate-responsive technologies in buildings, and the final one is a communicative gesture in which PV technologies was used as a symbol of sustainability mandated by the project owner. The findings also shed light on the differences in opinions between architects who had already applied PV technology and those who had not. Unlike those with experience working with PV technology in their previous projects, who believed that working with this technology is not complex and problematic, the group with no experience believed that working with PV technology is challenging. Furthermore, a common opinion between the two groups was the need for more versatility in colour, transparency, size, and reflectivity of module products.
In the following step, we looked into the existing PV technologies and explored their its various features and potential in architectural application. The findings highlight that the first-generation technologies (c-Si) are the most advanced and can perform better for building applications. However, the physical flexibility of this technology for customisation on the cell level remains limited. In the second-generation technologies, higher temperature tolerance is an advantage for them to be compatible in situations where double-sided ventilation is not possible. Even though most of the second-generation technologies are already lightweight and flexible, and although it they have some level of transparency in contrast to the first generation, their automated production lines make customisation of size and shape fairly difficult. The third-generation technologies received more attention because they offer lower production costs, reduced environmental impact, and a relatively higher efficiency compared to the first and second generations. This makes them an interesting option for architectural application, even though their limited service life expectancy remains an important disadvantage. Aside from the criteria mentioned for comparing these alternatives, many other factors are involved in finding the most suitable PV technology for a certain application. The architects interviewed highlighted these criteria. So, we looked into advanced decision-making methods to see if such methods can be applied in the selection process of PV technology. Through the development of a pilot tool on multi-criteria decision making method, analytic hierarchy process, and test within a concept development project, we concluded that such a method can be very helpful in finding the most suitable technology for a certain application.
In the final stage, we worked on development of new concepts for the application of PV technology in buildings as based on several reports reviewed and on results of interviews, it became apparent that existing PV products cannot fulfil current market demands and consequently the sustainability targets. We then examined the R&D processes of these projects, which showed that despite the differences in scope, objective, and nature of the concepts, several similarities could be articulated into a generalised concept development process. According to this analysis, the R&D process before the commercialisation phase can be divided into 7 steps, namely (i) scoping and definition (ii) exploration (iii) concept development (iv) proof of concept (v) optimisation (vi) application design development (vii) prototyping.
Overall, the findings of this research can be summarized in three recommendations: first, integration in this context as perceived and defined in the standards and manuals cannot be seen as a comprehensive approach to include all the architectural styles and approaches to use PV technologies in buildings. Therefore, rethinking its definition and requirements is essential. Secondly, suppose we want PV technology to become a default building service, we need to leave it to architects to accommodate it within the design concept as they wish, and the PV industry should not try to impose this technology on architecture. And lastly, we need to develop a new discipline around the design and engineering of energy-producing buildings. We need to train and equip future practitioners with insight, know-hows, and tools to use the ultimate solar energy potentials to produce energy, store, and utilize the generated energy on-site.
One approach to this problem is to leave room for nature to manifest and express itself and then to be inspired by it. Natural creatures are an example of living and thriving on Earth by striking a balance between themselves and the surroundings. They are constantly integrating and optimizing themselves in order to produce life-friendly settings (Oguntona and Aigbavboa, 2017). The lessons that can be learned from nature are summarised in Bio-mimicry Life’s Principles. One of them suggests how natural organisms evolved with the logic of optimising rather than maximising by developing a multi-function design (De Pauw et al., 2010a).
This report deals with two key principles: sustainability and multi-functionality. The aim is to develop a methodology that allows, in an objective manner, the identification of the best tailored building strategy in terms of maximisation of the level of sustainability achievable with one single solution.
The project follows 6 steps: research, development, investigation and improvement, validation and testing. The methodology is designed within Microsoft Excel and integrates the sustainability criteria of LEED green building rating system, a program for assessing the green level of buildings that is already widely used internationally. The LEED program appears in all project phases but particularly in the research, development and validation phase. The latter is conducted by the method of comparing data obtained from the tool in Excel with verified data from LEED-certified projects. After the development phase, it emerges that the tool while based on a well-structured, widely used and tested program such as LEED, is prone to subjectivity. Much of the time is therefore devoted to making sure that the tool is project-dependent and not user-dependent. As for the investigation and improvement phases, these are carried out by means of a survey built in Google Forms. Finally, the process of testing the tool is performed by applying it to a real case which is offered by the engineering and architecture company OneWorks. It is the General Aviation terminal at Orio al Serio airport (Bergamo, Italy).
To conclude, time is a crucial aspect when it comes to reducing the impact on the environment. So, this thesis aspires to provide a new methodology that can help designers, engineers and architects to shorten the time it takes to choose the best tailored strategy in terms of sustainability and multi-functionality.","Sustainability; Multi-functionality; LEED program; Environmental impacts","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Building Engineering","",""
"uuid:9076b675-7e36-4e98-bb38-a67046eb4dfd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9076b675-7e36-4e98-bb38-a67046eb4dfd","Urban Symbiotic Greenhouse: An integrated approach to improve building performance","CHATTERJEE, TRISHITA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Jenkins, A.J. (mentor); Janssen, C.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The population of the world is increasing at a rapid rate and is expected to reach 9.7billion by 2050. Out of this, around 6.3billion people will be living in urban areas. With an ever increasing population, the demand for energy and resources is also increasing. It is becoming difficult to meet these demands with the existing supply conditions. With this research, the aim is to develop a symbiotic energy and resource relationship between residential buildings and modular greenhouses. By doing so, it could help in reducing the primary demands of the buildings while meeting the demands by utilizing the waste flows of the building.","Energy Efficiency; greenhouse; energy performance; Urban Agriculture; Sustainability; energy flow","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology","",""
"uuid:f750e367-3bef-4695-bc76-345b69ad4b7e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f750e367-3bef-4695-bc76-345b69ad4b7e","Sustainability in multinational construction projects: Understanding the barriers and drivers, to increase sustainability inclusion via ecopreneurial leadership","Valk, Juliette (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft (OLD) CITG Section Design & Construction Management)","Chan, P.W.C. (graduation committee); Ninan, Johan (mentor); Dolkens, T.L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Qualitative research into management of multinational construction projects. This research entailed gathering data both from theory and practice, on how sustainability is included and managed, throughout the project process. Which was then compared and used to notice opportunities for increasing sustainability inclusion.","Sustainability; leadership; ecopreneurship; construction","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:72c02ad1-d895-43cb-85bc-5a4eca7cdd4f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:72c02ad1-d895-43cb-85bc-5a4eca7cdd4f","Stimulate and Support Sustainable Behaviour: A gamification based intervention towards sustainable behaviour within project scope in a marine contracting organization","Schreuder, Anniek (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Verburg, R.M. (mentor); Minkman, E. (graduation committee); Kolthof, Meike (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Over the years, the marine contracting sector has faced many challenges surrounding safety, the economic fluctuations because of the oil crisis and now tackling the sustainability challenge. Years of experience in the offshore industry, a heavy industry that contributes significantly to the climate crisis through its environmental impact, is deemed to change its strategy and way of working. However, this challenge is relatively new and asks for a new approach to move along with the fast-changing requirements of clients and external regulations that can have financial consequences if one is not acting now. Engineering solutions to reduce and prevent impact are already aligned, thinking of shore power, carbon capture and storage techniques, and alternative fuels on the vessels. Nevertheless, the total environmental impact goes beyond the implementation of these technologies. Making a change on the total impact of a marine contractor asks for a behavioural change within the organization, towards decision-making taking care of the environment. Finding a balance in actions that lead to investing in sustainable technologies and setting every employee to actions that flourish within to contribute to the company's sustainability ambitions will help improve their environmental performance. This research explores how to stimulate and support sustainable behaviour within project scope in a marine contracting organization through designing a suitable intervention. This intervention combines the design principles discovered with theories from gamification. From creative thinking and exploring the different means of gamification in a sustainability context, gamification was chosen as a suitable format for the intervention. The objective of the intervention is to stimulate people to think of sustainable solutions in their work by making them aware of environmental impact and actions. More important, it is a fun and interactive introduction to highlight the contribution one has to the total environmental footprint of the company. The game is designed to be played by project teams that start with the project's conceptual design phase within a marine contractor organization. The game's purpose is to become aware of the environmental impact indicators and actions and to share individual values by deciding what investments to make in reducing the impact of the fictitious project. Players are challenged during the game to make strategic decisions to design their fictitious wind project that will have an as low as possible environmental impact. This is to make sustainability and environmental impact more tangible for the project team and ensure that employees can start discussions on sustainability within the marine contracting industry from a common ground and experience on sustainability.","Sustainable Behaviour; Stimulate; Support; Awareness; Marine Contractor; Gamification; Project scope; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM)","",""
"uuid:5355e412-ee80-43dc-a093-da63f6803c86","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5355e412-ee80-43dc-a093-da63f6803c86","Environmental and economic impact assessment of innovative concrete recycling systems","Koullapis, Kendeas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Jonkers, H.M. (mentor); Ottele, M. (graduation committee); Pasterkamp, S. (graduation committee); Alberda van Ekenstein, A.T.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Over the last few years, the construction sector has experienced increasing demand for raw materials due to the rapid growth of the urban population. At the same time, most of the post-war buildings in Europe have reached the end of their service life. As a consequence, a period of intense demolition activities with
significant waste generation is expected in the upcoming years. Both situations are eventually translated into significant environmental pressure. Concrete is the main component in construction and demolition waste (C&DW). Due to the high environmental footprint of this material, it is crucial to eliminate its consumption
through recycling and re-use. Currently, concrete rubbles are crushed with regular crushers and used mainly for low-grade applications (down-cycling) such as road foundations. Despite the environmental and financial benefits, this practice is still not at a sustainable level since raw materials are still needed for new structures, while the demand for low-quality secondary materials in the construction sector has already declined.
Two innovative recycling technologies called C2CA and Smart crushing (SC) developed recently in the Netherlands, aiming to close the material loop in the construction sector. These technologies recover most of the original concrete materials at high-quality, which can be use in the production of new concrete at
higher rates than traditionally. This research focuses on the environmental and financial implications of the novel C2CA and SC recycling systems as alternative solutions to the Traditional crushing (TC) method. The evaluation was conducted based on an integrated LCA&LCC analysis framework in which the monetised
environmental impacts (shadow costs) were internalised in the actual costs occurred within the supply chain of recycled concrete (production of primary materials, recycling, transports). On this basis, the recycling systems were compared from two different perspectives. First, the recycled materials produced were used for concrete production according to the current European standards. In this case, the traditional recycled coarse aggregates (TRCAs) were used to replace 50% of the primary gravel, while the innovative coarse (IRCAs) and fine (IRFAs) aggregates from the innovative systems replaced 100% of primary gravel and 60% of primary sand respectively. The maximum potentials of the innovative systems were investigated in a second scenario in which IRCAs and IRFAs completely replaced the primary concrete aggregates. In addition to that, the produced recycled concrete powder (RCP) was used as supplementary cementitious material (SCM) to replace 20% of the primary cement. In this study, the innovative recycling systems were considered mobile units located at the demolition site. In contrast, the TC recycling was executed off-site at a stationary plant to secure the sufficient quality of TRCAs.
The results of the integrated LCA&LCC study revealed that both C2CA and SC systems were financially better options than the traditional recycling route. Especially when the SC system was used to replace higher quantities of primary materials, the total cost was reduced by up to 19% relative to the TC method. On the other hand, the C2CA technology showed better performance when following the current standards, where about an 8% cost reduction was achieved. However, environmental improvements were reported only for maximum utilisation of the SC products, resulting in about 17% lower shadow cost than the traditional method. In the case of the C2CA system, the environmental impact was found 5% increase for both scenarios. Both innovative systems displayed overall benefits over the TC method regarding social cost (internalised environmental impacts), with the SC system exhibiting the best overall performance for maximum use of its products. In this case, the overall benefits reached almost 19%, while the rest scenarios were not higher than 5%.
The sensitivity analysis emerged that the innovative recycling systems presented benefits only when they were located close to the demolition site due to increased transportation of EoL concrete. For the same locations and up to 23 km away from the demolition site, only the SC2 scenario (maximum use of SC products) was more efficient than the traditional recycling route. The rest scenarios became more effective as the traditional plant was placed away from the demolition site. On the other hand, changes in the recycling phase, such as energy consumption and equipment operating costs, had a negligible impact on the results. Even if renewable energy sources would power the recycling plants, the environmental and cost benefits throughout the supply chain were not higher than 5% and 2.5%, respectively","Concrete Recycling; C2CA; Smart crushing; Innovative concrete recycling; Sustainability; Life cycle assessment (LCA); Life cycle costing (LCC); Traditional crushing recycling; Advance Dry Recovery (ADR); Heating Air Classification System (HAS); Smart Liberator; Smart Refiner; Concrete supply chain","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Building Engineering - Structural Design","",""
"uuid:0288df65-0cf5-4a3c-bc65-d7e2ff3d4719","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0288df65-0cf5-4a3c-bc65-d7e2ff3d4719","The Effect of Height Scaling on the Flexural Crack Width Controlling Behavior of Hybrid R/SHCC Beams: A Numerical and Experimental study","Bezemer, Jelle (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Concrete Structures)","Lukovic, M. (mentor); Mustafa, S. (graduation committee); Šavija, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Limiting maximum crack widths is a serviceability limit state, which ensures the durability of reinforced structures. In current practice, maximum crack widths are limited by using additional reinforcement, on top of the amount of reinforcement required for the designed ultimate bearing capacity. Reducing the amount of reinforcing steel used, could make the construction industry more sustainable. Recent studies showed that, hybrid reinforced beams with a 70 mm thick bottom layer of strain hardening cementitious composite (SHCC), so-called hybrid R/SHCC beams, are promising in controlling crack widths under pure bending, without using additional reinforcement (Huang, 2017; Singh, 2019). SHCC
is made from a binder, fine particles and PVA fibers, which leads to ductile material properties and crack bridging. The beams studied in these previous studies were limited to a height of 200 mm. In practice larger heights are demanded. Increasing the height of a hybrid R/SHCC beam, by keeping the
thickness of the SHCC layer constant, reduces the relative contribution of SHCC. In addition, cementitious materials exhibit strong size effects. Therefore, the effect of height scaling on the flexural crack width controlling behavior of hybrid R/SHCC beam is studied in this thesis. In addition, the optimization potential of the crack controlling behavior of the hybrid R/SHCC beams is studied, by the delamination of the SHCC-rebar interface.
The effect of height scaling on the flexural crack width controlling behavior of the hybrid R/SHCC beams is studied both experimentally and numerically, by 200 mm, 300 mm and 400 mm high hybrid R/SHCC beams, with a constant 70 mm thick bottom layer of SHCC. Reinforced concrete beams of the same heights are used as reference. The length of the higher beams are increased, to prevent
direct force transfer. The experimental results of the 200 mm high beams are used from a previous study by (Singh, 2019). To study the effect of delamination of the SHCC-rebar interface, a 300 mm high hybrid R/SHCC beam with smooth and Vaseline treated longitudinal reinforcement bars is used. The beams are tested in a four-point bending configuration, with a 500 mm constant bending moment region. All the beams have the same amount of longitudinal reinforcement. The numerical study is performed with the Delft Lattice Model. As lattice models are only recently used for the modelling of structural behavior, the use of the Delft Lattice model in this study is a contribution to the development
of lattice models. Analytical calculations, with use of the multi-layer model (Yassiri, 2020), are used in the comparison of the numerical and experimental results.
From the performed experiments, it is found that, the load, at which the 0.3 mm crack width limit is reached, decreases from 109% to 97% and 91% of the yielding load, upon increasing the height from 200 mm to 300 mm and 400 mm, respectively. Whereas, the beam with smooth and Vaseline treated longitudinal reinforcement bars, reached the crack width limit already at 59% of the yielding
load. Increasing the height of the reinforced concrete beams does not lead to a reduction in the crack width limit load, relative to the yielding load (76%-78%). From the cracking patterns, it is found that, upon increasing the height, the number of propagated concrete cracks decrease, both in the reinforced
concrete beams and in the hybrid R/SHCC beams, whereas the hybrid beam with smooth and Vaseline treated reinforcement bars showed a single propagated crack in the concrete layer. An effective tensile area is developed for the 300 mm and 400 mm high beams, which was not observed in the 200 mm high beams. Uniform cracking distributions are found in all the SHCC layers of the hybrid beams, except for the hybrid beam with smooth and Vaseline treated
reinforcement bars. The delamination of the concrete-SHCC interface increases, upon increasing the height, whereas the ultimate bearing capacity is similar for the 300 mm and 400 mm high hybrid R/SHCC beams. On the contrary, the hybrid beam with smooth and Vaseline treated reinforcement bars shows very limited delamination. From the out of plane measurements, it is found that, hybrid R/SHCC beams show out of plane displacements, which are highly correlated to the applied vertical forces. This is not observed for the reinforced concrete beams. The numerical models are able to simulate the trends in the cracking patterns, as observed in the experiments. In addition, the numerical models are able to simulate the trends in delamination. Increasing the concrete-SHCC bond strength, in the 400 mm high hybrid R/SHCC numerical model, leads to the formation of an additional propagated crack in the concrete layer. In addition, the deformation capacity and the delamination of the concrete-SHCC layer reduces, for the beam with the stronger concreteSHCC interface bond strength. Using a coarser 25 mm voxel size in the numerical models, instead
of the 10 mm voxel size used in previous studies (Mustafa et al., 2022), leads to similar simulated structural behavior of the beams. The voxel size limits the crack spacing, which is of larger importance for the SHCC, compared to conventional concrete. For the reinforced concrete beams, the numerical
models are able to predict the yielding load, whereas for the hybrid beams, the yielding deformation is underestimated, due to the overestimation of the ductility of the modelled SHCC. The analytical calculations show good comparison with the numerical models, both for the hybrid beams and for the reinforced concrete beams. The hybrid beam with smooth and Vaseline treated reinforcement leads
to an unreinforced hybrid beam, which is different from the experimental results. This difference is attributed to the numerical model simulating a weak bond over the full length of the beam, whereas in the experiments Vaseline is only applied over the 700 mm central span. To conclude, upon increasing the height of the hybrid R/SHCC beams, the effectiveness of the crack controlling behavior decreases. This is both found in the numerical and in the experimental results and holds both for a 0.2 mm and 0.3 mm crack width limit. However, the hybrid beams scaled in height still lead to a significant increase in the crack controlling behavior, compared to reinforced concrete beams of the same heights. Full delamination of the rebar-SHCC interface leads to worse crack controlling
behavior for the hybrid R/SHCC beams. Even more, if the full delamination occurs over the full length of the beam, the beam could be considered unreinforced. The Delft Lattice model shows large potential in the simulation of the structural behavior of both the reinforced concrete beams and the hybrid R/SHCC beams. The coarser 25 mm voxel size is found to be a time efficient and suitable modelling solution to gain insight in trends in the structural behavior of reinforced structures. The numerical model with a stronger concrete-SHCC interface showed potential in improving the crack width controlling behavior of the hybrid R/SHCC beams in height. Therefore, it is recommended
to study the effect of interface roughness for hybrid R/SHCC beams scaled in height. Additionally, determining the material input for SHCC remains a challenge in numerical simulations with the Delft Lattice Model. In order to improve the simulations of the numerical models, it is recommended to
study the material input possibilities for SHCC. Even more, before the beams are applied in practise, it is recommended to gain deeper understanding of the increased out of plane sensitivity of the hybrid R/SHCC beams. Studying the fiber dispersion would be logical start for this.","SHCC; Flexural; SHCC-concrete beam; Crack width; Sustainability; Delamination; size effect; upscaling; serviceability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Concrete Structures","",""
"uuid:eea6bcf0-aaae-4177-8f8a-fb61222e4640","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:eea6bcf0-aaae-4177-8f8a-fb61222e4640","Certifications for sustainable plastics in the building and DIY industry: Which are sound, and how to communicate their adaptation","Holste, Insa (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Cucurachi, S. (mentor); Hultink, H.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2022","class=""MsoNormal"">Today’s society relies significantly on the use of plastics of all kinds. While the material provides many benefits, plastic pollution poses a heavy threat to the environment. To reduce the environmental impact of plastics while still benefitting from their use, various certifications aim at labelling different plastic products as sustainable. To ensure that those certifications really label plastics that contribute to sustainable development, it is important to analyse which labels are scientifically sound and useful instruments to enhance environmental standards, and which might contribute to greenwashing. However, a certification can only be as good as the practical implication it has. The example of Berdal Rubber & Plastics BV, a Dutch producer of plastic buckets and tubs, shows that a key challenge arises from communicating the importance of adopting such certifications to business customers, in their case, especially in the building and DIY industry. Hence, this research tackled the following research question: How can the scientific soundness of sustainable plastics certifications in the European building and DIY industry be assessed and how can the importance of using such certifications be successfully communicated to the buyers and end-users of plastic products? To answer this research question, inductive research making use of a mixed-methods approach has been conducted, in which Berdal served as a case study. As a first step, this research developed an analysis framework for certifications, then, it researched what a successful communication strategy for certifications that includes said framework can look like. A major challenge that has been identified is to change the sometimes still unfavourable attitudes towards certifications and sustainability found within the building and DIY industries. Additionally, the low understandability of certifications limits their use, while being difficult to target by communication strategies. However, communication on certifications and sustainability can be more successful when it considers certain aspects. Especially the dialogue with stakeholders and credibility through proactiveness are seen to be important. Target group specific communication that focusses on personal relevance is found to be another aspect to consider. Here, the role of the framework can be to present information in a clear and detailed way, and to be an instrument to point out the advantages a specific certification can have for the communication’s receiver. For the specific situation of the case study of Berdal, it has been found that setting up a reciprocal dialogue, especially with their buyers, and emphasising the credibility of their message about certifications by focussing on their reliability and standard setting can be beneficial. Additionally, the focus of communication should lie on the personal benefits of their stakeholders individually. The framework for Berdal as a plastics producer can be used to transparently show why certain certifications have been chosen or how they compare to others.","Sustainability; plastics; communication","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:24bb546f-89dd-4f2e-9968-0bca5b181f64","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:24bb546f-89dd-4f2e-9968-0bca5b181f64","How to Close the Loop on Catheters: Exploring limitations and opportunities at the end-of-life of single-use catheters","de Jong, Sterre (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Dankelman, J. (mentor); Ullerup, Helle (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","While lives are saved through the use of medical devices; they have a significant negative impact on the environment. In particular single-use medical devices make up a large part of the healthcare sector’s negative environmental impact as they contribute significantly to generating more medical waste and greenhouse gas emissions. Approximately 90% of medical waste consists of single-use products or components. The incineration of medical waste is still common practice, leading to harmful environmental and human health effects. Additionally, devices that could potentially be recycled, reused, or repurposed in another way to help close the loop of a product’s life cycle are incinerated instead, which sustains and fuels the unsustainable linear economic model. This research aims to identify opportunities at the end-of-life of single-use catheters that could sustain value and limit the amounts of medical waste produced. A method is presented that supports approaching this aim, called the recovery assessment tool for single-use catheters. The presented method allows for identifying components of a catheter that limit or provide opportunities for recovery purposes at the end-of-life. Two protocols have been developed to guide this process. The first protocol covers the dismantling process to explore the build-up of a catheter and separate components to establish a Bill of Materials. The second protocol describes the procedure that was followed to analyse a catheter. The Bill of Materials is used as an input to assess a catheter at the sub-assembly and component level. The assessment evaluates a catheter on three types of indices: disassembly indices, hygienic recovery indices and material recovery indices. The outcome of the assessment is a graphical visualization that highlights areas of attention for recovery. By interpreting these results using the explanations given with each index, components can be identified that limit or provide opportunities for recovery purposes at the end-of-life of single-use catheters. Two single-use catheters of Philips were assessed as a case study with the proposed methodology. A Bill of Materials for each catheter was established with the results of a material investigation in the lab. The results of the case studies led to several limitations and opportunities. The first limitation is that cleaning catheters can be challenging, given their long tubular shape and the fact that almost all components and sub-assemblies cannot be disassembled and reassembled again. This limitation may impede recovery options since catheters must be cleaned and sterilised after use if considered for recovery purposes because they come into contact with blood. Additionally, catheters are lightweight devices, meaning they make up only a small amount of the piles of medical waste produced daily. Still, catheters are high-value devices; therefore, any form of recovery is valuable. Opportunities for recovery at the end-of-life of catheters have also been identified. It was determined that catheters contain valuable metals that could be recovered to reduce medical waste, sustain value and potentially decrease the demand to collect raw materials. Also, most of the materials used in the case studied catheters seem compatible with ethylene oxide sterilisation which provides an opportunity for recovery; however, this must be thoroughly validated. Finally, it is suggested to reconsider the design or build-up of a catheter. Investigating opportunities for a hybrid design and exploring the possibility of recovery of functional modules for new catheters at the end-of-life are suggested. The outcomes of this research indicate that closing the loop on single-use catheters is a complex problem in terms of circularity due to their hygienic criticality and light weight compared to the waste produced daily per hospital bed. The amount of medical waste produced due to the use of catheters is only the tip of the iceberg.","Single-use medical device; Circular economy (CE); Catheter; Medical waste; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Biomedical Engineering","",""
"uuid:e6fd47a4-c7f0-47c0-bc58-6e4d63efa649","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e6fd47a4-c7f0-47c0-bc58-6e4d63efa649","Estimation of an Activity-Based Model to evaluate Sustainable Mobility Policies in the Netherlands","Matheus Hernandez, David (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Molin, E.J.E. (mentor); Huang, Yilin (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The transition towards greener mobility will play a significant role in decarbonizing the economy. Hence, policy makers need tools that allow them to test alternatives towards that goal. This drive has led to the development of increasingly accurate transport models, with the latest generation being activity-based transport demand models. These models, however, are hard to build, as they are very data-intensive and complex, therefore in this research project a methodology is conceived which attempts to use readily available data from the Dutch travel demand survey (ODiN) and open source software such as ActivitySim, originally developed as a package in Python to make activity-based models in the United States.
While a very time-intensive task, the data was able to be processed for use in ActivitySim. The data was mostly complete, but needed to be complemented with data from the \textcite{centraal_bureau_voor_de_statistiek_statline_2019}, and information about members of the household other than the survey respondent, and joint tours, is missing. The data, however, can be processed in a way that can be reapplied in the future, which lowers the barrier to develop a model with Dutch survey data.
Choice is modeled as logit discrete choice models, and the estimation of the parameters required is facilitated by ActivitySim, which has built-in functionality to support it, and with an integrated workflow the model parameters can be estimated with little effort. With this procedure, and choosing workplace and school locations in advance, a good degree of accuracy was achieved, but it was shown that the sampling method used to deal with the very large choice set introduced significant bias to the model output, as observed in the travel distances, which were shorter in the simulated output than in the observations in the survey data.
While ActivitySim has a sampling methodology to deal with large choice sets, an alternative method, Stratified Importance Sampling with activity spaces, is implemented based on the survey data, from where the sample is determined using the travel distances observed and which produces more accurate outputs when compared to the default sampling.
The result of this research is a framework to easily develop and estimate an activity-based transport demand model that is able to provide insights on the travel demand, and especially on how to influence individual choice behavior, which can facilitate the procurement of quality analysis for decision support in the arena of sustainable mobility, hopefully helping accelerate the mobility transition.
It was concluded that using ODiN data and ActivitySim presented as advantages an easy and replicable formulation, and the availability of data that can be used for sustainable mobility policy analysis; yet, this formulation fails to account for household interactions, something that activity-based models often promise to do, and the documentation provided by ActivitySim while extensive is still inadequate in some regards to understand how to process the data.
The resulting model is, however, highly accurate, despite needing some considerations and improvements. The model needs to sample destination choice alternatives, because otherwise its big size would bring the model to a halt, and it does so using a sampling method that is programmed into ActivitySim. This method was shown to introduce bias to the simulation output even if the choice model was properly estimated, and hence an alternative sampling method based on Stratified Importance Sampling was implemented, and the model output greatly improved as a result. Hence, we conclude that it is possible to obtain highly accurate and efficient activity-based models using available data such as ODiN and open source software such as ActivitySim.
It is argued that a formulation like this can be highly beneficial to the evaluation of sustainable mobility policies, as it lowers the barrier to obtain the accurate and detailed outputs that other models cannot produce, and it provides accurate destination choices that will then inform other submodels that are necessary to evaluate sustainability impact, such as mode choice, travel distance and travel time to evaluate emissions.
We continue by discussing the limitations stemming from the available data and the lack of information for other household members and joint travel, the trend-breaking nature of the COVID-19 pandemic and is impact on mobility in further years, and the possible untested bias of the newly proposed sampling method; and giving recommendations on how to effectively use of a model developed with this framework.
Finally, further research is proposed regarding remote work, the improvement of the choice models, and on the sampling method used.","Transport Demand Modelling; Transport Modelling; Mobility; Activity-Based Modelling; Sustainability; Sustainable mobility; Netherlands; Choice Modelling; Discrete Choice Modeling; Open source; Simulation Model; Sampling","en","master thesis","","","","","","Public repository containing source code, model configurations and data processing scripts https://github.com/davidmatheus002/activity_based_modeling.git","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:9bebc50a-de5e-44a7-b4e8-ee1301594c39","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9bebc50a-de5e-44a7-b4e8-ee1301594c39","Smart waste stream collection in an inner-city environment: An effectual approach","de Waart, Joppe (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research)","van den Hende, E.A. (mentor); Mulder, S.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Challenged to innovate towards full circularity and sustainability, both the waste management and inner-city transport industry are drastically changing in the Netherlands. Being a waste management organization that operates in these markets, PreZero is looking for new waste collection solutions to facilitate the transition towards circularity.
An envisioned solution for this new context could be in collaboration with parcel delivers that operate via hubs on the outskirts of cities. By letting them collect waste streams from inner-city customers while also delivering parcels, the electric vehicles that would otherwise return to the hub empty would be cleverly used.
The client is piloting this system in The Hague but is looking for a custom solution to fit the needs and wishes of all involved stakeholders. Therefore, the research question of this master thesis is:
How can a scalable product-service system for smart return logistics of source-separated commercial waste streams in an inner-city environment be designed and implemented by the client?
With the project aiming to develop a new business model and product, the entrepreneurial theory of ‘effectuation’ is applied as the theoretical framework of this thesis, and co-creation and qualitative research methods are selected for the approach. In a series of interviews and case studies, insights about the existing pilot are gathered, resulting in a set of means and potential goals to work with. Additional exercises like customer journey mapping the waste stream and value flow modeling the complex stakeholder context, enable the means and goals to be translated into a set of six potential value propositions for the future.
A design intervention is used to rapidly prototype the next iteration toward these potential value propositions and show the client how the effectual approach can be implemented. This design phase focuses on the various stakeholder contexts and uses a compact waste container and an MVP version of the waste collection bin to pilot the envisioned product-service system. Using phenomenological research, the designs are evaluated, resulting in a rich set of insights about the requirements and wishes for the system, container, bin, and involved partners.
All gathered insights are combined into four future visions that describe the potential strategic positions that the client could aim for. By detailing the business model, needed partners, targeted customers, and steps to be taken, the client is enabled to start implementing tomorrow. Posters visualize each future vision to bring the business models to life and empower the client’s project team to get the internal support needed to develop solutions towards one of these future roles.
Concluding the report, recommendations are given about what future vision to aim for and how to get there. With a drastically changing environment that is hard to predict, effectuation delivers a risk-limiting approach to co-create the future with involved stakeholders. Implements these insights from the report will support the client in its iterative journey towards the new business model.","Sustainability; Waste management; Effectuation; circular economy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:e30c14c6-46f9-4941-b992-879d62ffa542","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e30c14c6-46f9-4941-b992-879d62ffa542","High-Throughput Quality Inspection of Solar Cells Using Deep Learning Under Consideration of Its Sustainability Impact","Reinhard, Marko (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Santbergen, R. (mentor); Blanco, Carlos Felipe (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2022","To meet global market demands, it will remain important to further scale up photovoltaics (PV) production. During the production of solar cells, several defects can occur. Current approaches in quality inspection are reaching their speed limits. This thesis project evaluates the feasibility of faster quality inspection by using deep learning-based computer vision (CV) algorithms to detect production defects without human supervision at high speeds. The goal is to achieve this while reducing the necessary manual efforts to label (annotate) defects in the training data of such algorithms.
The second goal of the project is to investigate in which ways and to which extent this innovation can impact the sustainability performance of the solar cell production process. Multiple scenarios are investigated using a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) model. The results are used to estimate the potential large-scale impact of increasing solar cell production throughput.","Photovoltaics; Deep Learning; Computer Vision; Sustainability; Electroluminescence; quality Inspection; Environmental impact","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2023-10-01","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:cabb7935-4111-4dc6-8130-c3a54ebb81a0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cabb7935-4111-4dc6-8130-c3a54ebb81a0","A design strategy for KPN introducing a platform to enable, inspire and educate SME customers resulting in a more sustainable use of telecom services","Hoonhorst, Paulien (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mugge, R. (mentor); Hultink, H.J. (mentor); Cox, Jeroen (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The sustainability adoption of sustainability practices is currently low for Small Enterprises, Freelancers and Small-Medium Enterprises (SMEs), while they must do their part to become more environmentally sustainable. SMEs are responsible for many greenhouse gas emissions emitted and as almost all companies in the Netherlands are SMEs, this presents an urgent call for change. However, many SMEs are not prioritising sustainability which is not without cause. Many limitations within SMEs withhold them from taking action. The most significant hurdle for SMEs is their size which comes with limited human, financial and technical resources.
Furthermore, the same limitations result in SMEs’ lagging use of digital technologies. This lagging use of digital technologies is unfortunate because ICT can positively contribute to environmental goals if an SME uses ICT in their business. A way to improve environmental sustainability with ICT is through telecommunication (telecom).
However, there is still no broadly adopted manner in which SMEs can use current telecom technologies to be less harmful to the environment. The telecom sector is in a position where it can enable its customers to become more sustainable and reduce scope 3 downstream emissions. Nevertheless, as the role of enabler is not yet optimally utilised by telecommunication companies (telcos), customers are not yet decreasing their emissions. Therefore, there is potential for KPN to guide SMEs with their sustainability expertise to transition them towards sustainability through using telecom.
SMEs face challenges when open to adopting sustainable telecom practices. The explorative research in this thesis has shown that six different topics influence whether an SME can or is willing to adopt a sustainable telecom practice. These topics are; the right means for an online way of working, collaborative effort, education of digital sustainability, management decisions for sustainability, office building restrictions and reducing physical presence.
To enable SMEs to use their telecom more sustainably, telcos should keep these topics in mind while working towards solutions. Furthermore, elements that are valuable to SMEs to adopt sustainable telecom practices are knowledge, inspiration, community and guidance.
In this thesis, a platform is designed with which KPN can support SMEs by being the provider that connects telecom to sustainability by facilitating SME customers with inspiration, guidance and education on suited sustainable telecom practices while considering specific context challenges that SMEs face. With the platform, KPN educates its SME customers by communicating sustainability information to provide the customers with sufficient knowledge to start acting. As a result, the SME customers of KPN can be inspired to use telecom more sustainably. Furthermore, the platform includes a community of stakeholders connecting KPN to customers and customers to each other to exchange sustainability knowledge. The development of the platform allows KPN to become a partner in sustainable telecom use for SMEs.
To work towards the proposition of being a sustainability partner, KPN should prioritise sustainability in their organisation and introduce it in the SME market. To do so, KPN should educate and teach its employees about sustainable telecom practices KPN conducts. To incorporate sustainability at KPN, a new design principle is designed that communicates sustainability. The design principle summarises information about SME customer values for sustainability so it can be tested on customer journeys. With the new knowledge, the employees can prioritise sustainability more in their work, resulting in its implementation in customer journeys.
So far, there has been little research into designing small waterproof personal care appliances for the circular economy. In this thesis, the challenges and opportunities for transitioning electric toothbrushes to the circular economy are uncovered and a design solution to these challenges and opportunities is proposed. The primary research question for this thesis is:
How can an electric toothbrush be designed suitable for the circular economy?
The first two phases of this thesis were dedicated to uncovering the challenges and opportunities for transitioning electric toothbrushes to the circular economy. In the first phase, research into the state of the circular economy of current electric toothbrushes was performed in which the academic, manufacturer and user perspectives were researched. This led to three key insights for the circular design of an electric toothbrush. In the second phase, an analysis was performed of the implementation of circular design strategies in a representative set of current electric toothbrushes. This led to four key insights for the circular design of an electric toothbrush.
In the third phase of the thesis, the key insights were translated to design challenges and a design solution to tackle these design challenges was conceived. This resulted in the Everbrush electric toothbrush concept.
The battery has been made user replaceable to tackle the primary reason for reaching the end of life, reduced battery performance. An aluminium main body was introduced that aims to increase product attachment by ageing with dignity, which should also increase repair considerations. Another aim of the aluminium main body is to reduce hygiene concerns when purchasing refurbished. The ease of disassembly has been improved significantly which can open up additional opportunities for product life extensions. The amount of elastomers has been reduced by introducing a rotating magnetic power switch, eliminating the need for a power switch seal and increasing high-value recycling performance. Lastly, permanent connections were avoided throughout the design, also increasing high-value recycling performance.
Literature shows that loadshifting not only depends on the individual, but also on the material and institutional context. Therefore, combining the individual-focused theory of planned behavior and context-focused social practice theory is useful to study barriers to loadshifting. The newly constructed model consists of 10 measurable constructs possibly underlying barriers to loadshifting. The included constructs are sufficiency attitude, motivation, user beliefs, know-how, monitoring skills, habits, hassle, practical knowledge provided, institutional policies and regulations, and feedback provision by system design. To test this model a mixed-methods approach is taken. Qualitative data is obtained through six semi-structured interviews with solar energy experts and is analyzed through thematic content analysis using ATLAS.ti. The quantitative data encompasses 283 survey responses from Dutch prosumers, analyzed mainly through a multiple regression analysis in SPSS.
Qualitative findings largely verify the model. According to experts, a low sufficiency attitude, passive user beliefs, limited practical knowledge, strong habits, hassle, limited know-how, low monitoring skills, financial motivation and low feedback provision are all relevant barriers to loadshifting behavior. Barriers found in addition to the predefined model include high age, panel orientation, a lack of clear policy, safety concerns, outdated machinery, and low interpretability of energy bills. On the other hand, only low monitoring skills, strong habits, limited practical knowledge, and passive user beliefs significantly limit loadshifting behavior in the quantitative analyses.
Findings highlight the need for cooperation amongst the energy sector, home appliance producers, policymakers, consultants, researchers, and prosumers. Furthermore, technology should support human behavior, rather than expecting behavior to adjust to technology. For example, technical measures that do not require dramatic habitual change can easily support loadshifting, such as panel orientation. If the encouragement of habitual change is desired, dismantling the Dutch net-metering scheme in combination with providing a monetary self-consumption bonus is recommended. Moreover, prosumer knowledge on self-consumption and prosumers’ monitoring skills should be increased.
Strengths of this study include its mixed-methods approach, the large quantitative sample size and the novel combination of two theories. However, not all relevant barriers could be considered, and policymakers were not interviewed directly. Lastly, most constructs were quantitatively measured using two questions only. Future research is needed mainly to assess potential interaction effects between habits, hassle, and know-how. Additionally, other barriers can be assessed, such as the effects of motivation or values on loadshifting.","Solar energy; Behavior; Netherlands; psychology; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:b416210b-44a4-4400-bb8a-685d25390520","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b416210b-44a4-4400-bb8a-685d25390520","Development of a model to stress-test the impact of climate risks on primary copper production up to 2050","Whittle Rodriguez, Luis (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Buxton, M.W.N. (mentor); Kindt, Peter (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The widespread concerns about climate change, as well as the major enabling factors for the transition that are required to guarantee its control, necessitate research and a tool that can provide insight into the future of copper mining.The world's copper supply is primarily concentrated in a few producing locations: Chile, Peru, Democratic Republic of the Congo, China, and Zambia. More than 50% of the supply of this metal is produced in locations with high water stress. This is a concerning issue as the process to produce copper is particularly water-intensive. Existing physical risks such as landslides, floods, fires, and dangerous amounts of heat stress are also common and so are researched in this thesis.Policy makers, governments, society, banks, and investors are monitoring the impact of climate risks on this industry. Therefore a tool to evaluate the risks on copper mining to allow the stakeholders to assess exposure to climate change has been developed in this thesis. To accurately analyse the future supply of copper, this tool specifically stress tests different standardized NGFS climate scenarios for years 2030 and 2050 for copper mines throughout the globe.The simulation revealed that climate risks are a systematic risk for copper mining companies, with roughly a 50\% of the supply being at high risk. Moreover, the findings suggest that this commodity is rather more vulnerable to transition risks than to physical risks, mainly due to the price of carbon. Furthermore, major producers in Chile and Peru must turn to seawater desalination and this will significantly raise operational costs. In addition, there are concerns over a possible labour migration to regions with food security issues which could jeopardize the skilled mining workforce, more research into this is required. The findings also indicate that countries previously regarded as unattractive locations for investment, such as Zambia and the DRC, may soon rank among the major producing nations with the lowest climatic risk exposure and the lowest industry costs. However, these ratings may be offset by these countries' higher political risks. Climate change will also affect demand. Copper is a key component of the carbon-neutral transition as numerous significant renewable technologies depend on this raw material. Furthermore, conventional copper-intensive applications such as electrical networks will also expand over the next few decades. Although investments have been pledged, it is anticipated that these will fall short of what is required to satisfy the increasing demand. The developed model is static and reflects the issue that mines would face if they kept business as usual. This provides insights on the size of effort required by miners to overcome climate risks as well as to expose how vulnerable this commodity currently is. The model has the potential to be scaled and adapted to other commodities and to other industries. Due to its modular structure assumptions and parameters can be easily updated providing versatility and robustness.","Copper; Climate risk; Stress-test; Climate scenarios; Climate change; Mining; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences | European Mining Course","",""
"uuid:1ae4d876-f80e-4a9d-9cc8-8eaf13b7d2cb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ae4d876-f80e-4a9d-9cc8-8eaf13b7d2cb","Geotricity: an interactive installation to playfully foster awareness around renewable energy at the Green Kids' Museum Kenya","van Grinsven, Marit (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Gielen, M.A. (mentor); Vermeeren, A.P.O.S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This project is in collaboration with the Green Kids’ Museum Kenya, which will be the first interactive children museum in East Africa. The museum will become a place for children of age 6 to 14 to learn, inspire and explore, with sustainability at its core.
The purpose of the project is to propose an interactive design to playfully foster awareness around renewable energy at the Green Kids' Museum Kenya, in specific for children aged 9 to 11 living in the Nairobi metropolitan area.
An effective and engaging way to educate children is by providing a play-based learning experience as it capitalises on the motivational abilities and engagement of play. In order to provide such an experience the target group first needs to be triggered to engage with the installation. Once the children are interested in the installation they need to be able to playfully explore, experiment and reflect on the implementation of renewable energy. After which the children will leave the installation with a sense of pride, due to the gained learning experience.
To support the play-based learning journey and to ensure that an exhibition is engaging for children, 12 guidelines have been developed, based on a creative session with children, interviews with stakeholders, museum visits and literature review. Each guideline corresponds with an underlying need of children: support children with different interests, give children the feeling that they are in control, allow children to take a break to reflect on their experience, enable discovery, emphasise the feeling of fellowship, challenge the abilities of the children, provide a clear and simple introduction, allow children to take risks, trigger their senses, reflect everyday life within the installation, utilise humour and create an aesthetically pleasing experience.
The guidelines formed the basis for developing the design Geotricity. Geotricity consists of a table with an interactive landscape projected on it. The challenge for the children is to provide energy to the houses on the table. To accomplish this, the children can place elements that represent renewable energy power plants. Placing an element causes the projection to change accordingly. If a power plant is placed in a correct position, the lights in the corresponding houses are turned on. Through exploration, experimentation and reflection the child will learn about the implementation of the different renewable energy power plants.
Based on an evaluation test with Dutch children at the age of 10, it appears that the concept is experienced as engaging and provides children the opportunity to playfully explore and experiment with the applicability of power plants. Once they properly positioned an element and made a house light up, the children felt a sense of pride.
Further research needs to be conducted to establish if the design has the same impact on the target group of children aged 9 to 11 living in the Nairobi metropolitan area and to determine whether the experience has the desired educational impact.","Play-based learning; Renewable energy; Play; Experiential learning; Interactive exhibition; Sustainability; Museum","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","","-1.312666, 36.753549"
"uuid:20f02be0-e9db-484b-b487-ef1e087ad894","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:20f02be0-e9db-484b-b487-ef1e087ad894","Weight Estimation of Gas Turbine Engines: Development of a Component-Based Preliminary Engine Design Tool","Boersma, Isaac (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","de Servi, C.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The need for more efficient aircraft has spawned the conception of a variety of novel engine and aircraft architectures, such as the combined-cycle engine proposed by researchers at Delft University of Technology. To evaluate the potential benefits of these concepts comprehensively, in-depth performance simulations are required. Furthermore, penalties with regard to weight and drag are critical considerations, thus new engine technologies must be evaluated within their full airframe-level integration and mission profile. Accurate weight estimations of a variety of design alternatives are therefore necessary in order to properly assess the validity of such technologies and to reach an optimal design with respect to the tradeoffs between weight, drag, and efficiency. No weight estimation tools with sufficient accuracy are publically available at present, thus a new, component-based preliminary engine design tool, named ‘Weight Estimation of Aeronautical Gas Turbine Engines’ (or WEST), was developed. WEST can be used to predict the weight of novel engine architectures to a reasonable degree of accuracy, all the while accounting for sensitivity to design parameters such as turbine inlet temperature, overall pressure ratio, mass flow rate, power, and choice of turbomachinery configuration. Similar methodologies are able to design components worth between 60 and 110% of the actual weight of an existing engine, whereas WEST was able to account for about 70-90%, thus exceeding initial expectations and improving the reliability of the estimations. This tool can therefore be used to estimate the weight of a variety of existing engines, and is sufficiently flexible to model novel architectures as well, since the results are based on the application-specific design of real engine components. Among the potential uses of WEST, a promising one would be to evaluate the weight of a large set of designs for a particular application. Upon these estimates, single-equation surrogate models could be developed using statistical regression, allowing for these equations to be used as a more computationally-efficient weight estimation methodology in a wide range of aircraft-level design and optimization studies. These equations would build upon the work described in this paper and could be used to accelerate the development and introduction of new aircraft-related technologies.","Gas Turbine; Weight Estimation; Aircraft; Engine; Design; Sustainability; Turbofan; Turboshaft; Combined Cycle; Organic Rankine Cycle; Waste Heat; Recovery; Thermal; Efficiency; Power Unit; CFM56; PW2037","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","Airborne Energy Harvesting for Aircraft (ARENA)",""
"uuid:dede59cc-5cd8-4420-b6ba-f6002f965b7c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dede59cc-5cd8-4420-b6ba-f6002f965b7c","Nudging Towards Sustainable Choices via Recommender Systems","Kalisvaart, Raoul (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Isufi, E. (mentor); Scharenborg, O.E. (graduation committee); Cruz, Luis (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","We all know the possible consequences of global warming, rising temperatures, flooded cities and destroyed ecosystems. One of the causes is the emission of gases, predominantly CO2, which is increased by the growing E-commerce market. E-commerce companies rely on recommender systems to stimulate users to purchase products. We are convinced that we can use the core strength of recommender systems, influencing decision making, to steer users towards eco-friendly choices. Therefore, in this thesis, we research how greenness can be integrated into recommender systems. We present the first recommender system dataset that includes greenness, we benchmark several recommendation algorithms and we propose a strategy to increase recommendation greennness. To create the dataset, we annotate an existing recipe recommendation dataset with recipe greenness. For our benchmarking experiment, we propose metrics to measure recommendation greenness, which we use to show that no recommendation algorithm is fundamentally greener than others. Lastly, we propose a re-ranking method for improving the greenness of recommendation rankings. We use the method to explore the trade-off between accuracy and greenness and we show that it is possible improve the greenness of recommender systems significantly with little loss of accuracy.","Recommender Systems; Nudging; Machine Learning for Climate Change; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2023-08-24","","","","Computer Science | Multimedia Computing","",""
"uuid:e9465fb2-14bc-4221-9532-37503d76c18e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e9465fb2-14bc-4221-9532-37503d76c18e","Floating Offshore Wind Development Concept: A sustainable O&M approach","van Wilgen, Bert-Jan (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Hopman, J.J. (mentor); van Hassel, E.B.H.J. (graduation committee); Runge, K (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This research examines the difference between two major component replacement strategies for the novel floating offshore wind turbines (FOWT), in terms of support vessel CO2eq emission and cost together with FOWT downtime. The first strategy is utilising a crane vessel to replace a component in offshore, this is called the heavy lift maintenance (HLM) strategy. The other strategy is the tow to port maintenance (TTPM) strategy, where the floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT) is towed to port to be serviced. Royal IHC is looking for a reliable and relatively quick method to determine the potential of both strategies and test new vessel and equipment concepts, which will allow a head start in this upcoming maintenance market.
To determine the three output parameters; CO2eq emission and cost originating from the support vessels and FOWT downtime, a calculation model has been developed, as this was not available. The calculation model compares seven different support fleet configurations for the two maintenance strategies. The configurations contain at least one heavy lift vessel (HLV), platform supply vessel or anchor handling supply vessel type, which are varied in this study on their empirical based parameterised designs. The calculation model also allows the possibility to include, amongst others, preventive maintenance, breakdown maintenance and utilization of different fuels. In total three FOWT farms, varying in size and distance from shore, were considered to determine the effect of those parameters on the different support fleet configurations.
The calculation model was verified and provides a reliable and relatively quick method to compare different support fleet configurations, concerning the two major component replacement strategies. With the use of this model it was found that the most sustainable support fleet configuration for both preventive and breakdown maintenance is a standalone HLV. However, this conclusion does not hold for full blade replacement campaigns. The cost of this HLM strategy is relatively high compared to the TTPM configurations, especially when considering preventive maintenance campaigns. Therefore, it is suggested that the TTPM strategy is preferred for preventive maintenance campaigns. It must be noted that this is also based on the assumption that the port of repair has unlimited facilities to replace the components as soon as the FOWT arrives. It should also be noted that the FOWT downtime is greater for the TTPM strategy, which could be a potentially important aspect of the repair. The calculation model also allows to test new innovative concepts, such as a quick mooring (dis)connection system and the climbing crane. Both show to have a beneficial effect on the replacement operation.
This research has shown that the developed calculation model is well suited, reliable and a relatively quick method determine the potential of both strategies. This research already provided Royal IHC insight into the new market, but can also be used to inform clients who request an advice. The flexibility of the model allows it to be used for different field, fleet and vessel parameters. Moreover, due to the modular programming method additional information can be added at a later stage. This also leads to some recommendations for further research. A suitable weather module has to be introduced in order to get a better estimation on the vessel downtime. After this is done the program should be optimised in terms of runtime efficiency, in such a way that a Monte Carlo method could be run. The added value of this method is that a more accurate support vessel downtime can be estimated. It is also recommended to include bunker time into the calculation as it is currently set to 0 h and potentially leads to an overoptimistic outcome. Lastly, two other floater types should be designed for a 15 MW turbine and included in the model. These floater types are the tension leg platform and barge floater.","Floating offshore wind turbine; Maintenance; Sustainability; Cost; Heavy lift maintenance strategy; Tow to port maintenance strategy; Support vessel","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology | Ship Design","",""
"uuid:2754ca14-7051-4b14-883c-7751bfcec1c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2754ca14-7051-4b14-883c-7751bfcec1c6","The Role of the FAST Technology as a Driver for Sustainable Business Models within the Biobased Chemical Industry: The Case Study of DAB","Quinzacara Sánchez, Ignacio (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Khodaei, H. (mentor); Verburg, R.M. (mentor); Oudshoorn, Arjan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Addressing climate change is a challenge that governments, society, and companies have to face. For companies this becomes a major challenge as they are required to innovate in order to become more sustainable whilst still remain competitive. However, carrying out technological innovation may be useless if it cannot be diffused in the market. Due to this, ventures must go further and modify their current business models to change the way they are doing business and thus generate sustainable value and remain competitive. Within this context, a research gap that relates sustainability, business model innovation, and technology can be identified. To address this gap, an empirical exploratory case study is used as approach. The case study analysed is the Fermentation Acceleration by Separation Technology (FAST), a breakthrough technology in the biotechnology industry that is able to produce chemicals by means of a more cost-effective fermentation process. The technology was developed by DAB, a Dutch biotechnology spin-off from TU Delft. The main research question that was proposed to address the research gap was: “How can the FAST technology be a driver for sustainable business model innovation of biobased chemical companies?”. To answer the question, two business models were generated using the triple layered business model canvas for assessing and visualising, under a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) perspective, to what extent and in which elements of a business model the FAST technology drives sustainability. The models assessment considered DAB as a producer and a licensor for 2-phenylethanol (2PE) production by means of FAST, respectively. The main finding of this thesis project is that it has proven that FAST drives sustainable business model innovation within the biobased chemical industry. This is as sustainable business model innovation is found in both value proposition and value creation & delivery of the two sustainable business models generated by complementing FAST with the use of organic raw materials and solvents, and renewable energies as power source. More specifically, FAST sustainable innovativeness can be seen in the elements of value proposition, key resources, key partners, and customer segments of these novel sustainable business models. FAST drives sustainable business model innovation within these four elements by being a breakthrough innovation (key resources) that includes a sustainable and efficient production of biochemicals within its value proposition. Moreover, innovation is also driven within key partnerships as FAST requires strain designers to adopt a different approach when engineering new microorganisms. Here, the technology has an effect outside its business model, modifying the value chain. Furthermore, FAST can reach new customer segments and be competitive with current production processes of chemicals as it was shown for the case of 2PE. This sustainable innovativeness differs from the practices other companies within the industry have implemented which are focused on changing the fossil origin of raw materials but do not consider the creation of new value propositions/business models to balance the financial, environmental, and social aspects of sustainability. Regarding the theoretical contribution, this thesis presents a comprehensive analysis of the two business models outlined from the biotechnology sector and shows how they are able to capture the value of a novel sustainable innovation. By doing this, the research gap among business model innovation, sustainability, and technology is reduced. The generation of the sustainable business models was performed by: carrying out a literature review, a questionnaire on sustainability indicators, the Delphi method to obtain a consensus, and simulations of processes for 2PE production. The contribution for practitioners is an example on how they can design business models for a novel technology using a tool that offers a comprehensive analysis of its effects on sustainability. Moreover, the integrated LCA allows practitioners to have a quantitative analysis for measuring the impact of their technology, processes and activities. Furthermore, it may be also useful for redesigning current business models by assessing which components may be modified or kept to achieve sustainability. ","biobased economy; bioproduction; Business Model Innovation; Fermentation; Sustainability; Sustainable business models","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2024-08-11","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:a7c2458f-ec32-4f0a-a8ef-e1bb8dfb07cc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a7c2458f-ec32-4f0a-a8ef-e1bb8dfb07cc","The Zero Emission Hangar: Reducing the Energy Consumption of the Aircraft Hangar through Local Heating","van Houwelingen, Jens (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","van Engelen, J.M.L. (mentor); Kroon, C.P.J.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The aviation industry is responsible for 2.5% of global CO2 emissions, emitting over one billion tonnes of CO2 in 2018 (Ritchie, 2020). The International Air Transport Association (IATA) committed to net-zero aviation by 2050 (International Air Transport Association, 2022). The first steps toward net-zero aviation can be taken in the ground operations. Air France KLM set the goal for net-zero ground operations by 2030 (KLM Royal Dutch Airlines, n.d. -b). The aircraft hangars are responsible for 67% of all ground operations emissions at KLM (Veldhuizen, van, 2022) and a large portion of those emissions can be regarded to the heating of the hangars.
The process of heating the hangar is neither efficient, nor effective, despite the large amount of energy it consumes. The opening of the hangar doors to pull aircraft in and out of the hangar cause the temperature inside the hangar to approach the outside temperature. It takes 4 to 6 hours for the hangar to be up to the desired temperature again, but oftentimes the hangar doors will have been opened before the desired temperature is reached. It was found that heat in the hangar is firstly needed for the mechanics working there and secondly for the aircraft when specific repairs with a curing element have to be performed. The fluctuations in temperature lead to thermal discomfort for the mechanics (Lampret et al., 2018) and negatively affect the drying times of sealants.
This study discovered potential energy savings of 69% when the base temperature would be lowered to 10°C and heat would be provided locally where it is needed. The 69% in energy savings can be translated to money savings of €60.000,- per winter month (December 2021 taken as reference), or close to €400.000,- per year and 436 tons of CO2.
Alongside the research into potential energy savings in the hangar, ideas were collected within the company. The ideas were visualized and feedback was gathered at different divisions within KLM. The ideas were divided into two main categories, namely Heat Conservation and Local Heating. In the course of the project it was chosen to focus on local heating. The heating analysis showed that conserving the heat in the hangar was not a feasible solution since the hangar doors are opened for too long for heat conservation to be effective. Furthermore, when the base temperature is lowered, and additional heating is done locally where needed, there is not a lot of heat to be preserved in the first place.
The study proposes to lower the base temperature in the hangar to 10°C and provide local heating for the mechanics through heated apparel. The aircraft is heated locally during the curing phase of composite repairs but is often not heated with other curing processes such as after paintjobs. It should be considered to heat the aircraft locally more often to ensure optimal fleet availability.
The findings of this research are that changing towards a four-day workweek could increase well-being in all investigated scenarios. Household emissions are also increasing for all scenarios, however, if the intermediate emissions for commuting are taken into account, ‘Relaxing’, ‘Media’, and ‘Working from home’ show positive monetary results, while only the latter shows positive environmental results. The higher emitting scenarios of ‘Social contact’, ‘Sports’, and ‘Holiday’ are also intertwined with high costs, making it difficult to pursue continuously with average budgets. Reducing wages could be a consequence of decreasing work hours, which will lead to a decrease in consumption and their emissions already at a few percent. Whether a reduction in work hours is favourable for the competitive position on the global market is up for debate.
A mix of multiple scenarios is likely to be the real-world result, but this research has the potential to aim individuals toward a less costly, higher well-being, and more sustainable mix. Policymakers could use this consumption/time-use matrix to calculate their predicted scenarios to see whether to pursue the four-day workweek. The results of their input can in addition be used to steer society towards higher well-being and fewer emissions by promoting low carbon-intensive activities and demoting high carbon activities, which are usually involved with large travel distances. Lowering wages seems to be the most effective in reducing emissions, however, the effect on well-being of this sanction is not known. ‘Working from home’ is found to have both positive impacts on climate change and well-being.","Four-day workweek; Time-use; Consumption; Well-being; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:486dc31f-f967-4c57-bc84-f5039a171f83","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:486dc31f-f967-4c57-bc84-f5039a171f83","The jetty of the future: Reducing the environmental impact of a jetty platform structure by designing for reusability","Kavelaars, Judith (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Veljkovic, M. (mentor); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Kirichek, Alex (graduation committee); Fousert, M.W. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The significant adverse contribution of the construction industry to greenhouse gas emissions and natural resource depletion has to be reduced. Regarding jetty platform structures, this challenge can be faced by designing for reusability, a promising concept for environmental impact reduction. However, this principle is not yet being widely implemented, leading to the absence of reusable jetty structures. This research aims to identify the feasibility of designing a jetty platform for reusability and the contribution of reusability to the environmental impact reduction of jetty platform structures. A jetty, that is being constructed in the port of Rotterdam during the execution of this research, was taken as a reference structure. By creating a design according to the Design for Disassembly requirements, while fulfilling similar functions as the reference jetty, a concept of a reusable jetty plat- form design was created. A numerical prediction model was created in the SCIA Engineer software so that the global behaviour and robustness of the structure were found when using simple connection solutions. Next, demountable connections were designed based on existing configurations from other applications. The practical aspects of assembly and maintenance were assessed through an interview with a maintenance expert from Port of Rotterdam. Furthermore, a brief study was done to investigate the possibilities of modularity and applicability to other jetties in the port. To quantify the environmental impact reduction, a life cycle assessment was performed, in which the impact of the reference structure was compared to that of three reusable structure variants: the reusable design, the modular reusable design and the modular reusable design using concrete with a lower impact. Due to the use of simple connections in the reusable jetty design, discontinuities in the displacements are found between elements. These cause limitations in the flexibility of placing the superstructure and may cause deformations in pipelines when those are placed on the platform. Therefore, a solution was presented to mitigate the discontinuities. Also, the reusable jetty has to be constructed with a larger crane than is conventionally used, which may cause hindrance to the surroundings. However, the duration of construction will be reduced. The results of the life cycle assessment show that the initial impact of each reusable variant was larger than that of the reference jetty. However, already for reusing once in the structure’s lifetime, this investment can be compensated when compared to replacing the reference jetty with a new structure. When assuming a structure is reused or needs replacement once during its lifetime, a tipping point was found when 24 to 44% of the structures are being replaced or reused, at which the investment is compensated. When not constructing the platform entirely directly, but adapting it when future requirements become more certain, potentially no investment is needed to be made. From the results, it can be concluded that reusability contributes to lowering the environmental impact of the jetty platform when it needs replacement or reuse at least once during its lifetime or when the given percentage of the structures are being reused once during this time. Thus, reusability can be applied to reduce the environmental impact of jetty platform structures.","Reusability; Jetty; Circular design; Life cycle Assessment; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:6a083712-2ae2-4e91-b427-21607fd5508f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6a083712-2ae2-4e91-b427-21607fd5508f","Implications of the Two-Stage Model on Sustainability of Dutch Infrastructure Projects","Ceylan, Altan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Wee, G.P. (graduation committee); Annema, J.A. (mentor); Schraven, D.F.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Rijkswaterstaat has introduced the two-stage model in the Dutch construction industry in order to reduce risks in large and complex projects (Rijkswaterstaat, 2020a). However, it is also possible that the two-stage model can influence the sustainability of infrastructure projects since the risks are reduced and a different way of collaboration between market parties and public parties is introduced. Nevertheless, it is unknown if the two-stage model makes an impact on sustainability of infrastructure projects. Boskalis Nederland, where this research is performed, is interested in if the two-stage model can make an impact on sustainability of infrastructure projects because of the high relevance of these two topics in the Dutch infrastructure sector. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to explore the impact of the two-stage model on sustainability of infrastructure projects. Taking into account the knowledge gap, the problem statement and the research objective, the main research question is defined as follows: ""What is the impact of the two-stage model on sustainability of Dutch infrastructure projects?"".
The expectation regarding the impact of the two-stage model on sustainability of infrastructure projects is that the model will offer market parties and public parties more room to discuss, incentivise and implement sustainable solutions in infrastructure projects because of the integral collaboration between the parties in the project team. The impact of the two-stage model on sustainability could be seen when comparing the model to a one-stage collaboration model. For example, a technical specification (which is a one-stage collaboration model), is characterized by having result-oriented specifications prescribed by the public client which results in leaving little freedom for the contractor for sustainable input in infrastructure projects. In contrast, the two-stage model is characterized by collaboration between the involved parties which creates more freedom for input on sustainability from the involved parties. This may lead to a bigger chance to implement sustainable solutions in infrastructure projects. The essential difference between the two collaboration models is the collaboration aspect between the involved parties, which eventually may make a difference in chances to implement sustainable solutions in infrastructure projects.
Recently, blended finance, an investment type utilizing public and philanthropic capital to accelerate private investments, has become more popular. However, effective practices of using blended finance to foster job creation in developing countries through SME financing are lacking. Furthermore, there is little to no literature on investment decisions that goes into selecting projects for blended finance. In this light, this research aims to answer the following question: “What are effective practices and key investment decisions in using blended finance to fund SMEs in developing countries, focusing on impact towards achieving SDG8?
To answer this question, a literature review of the concept of sustainable development, sustainable financing methods and the role of SMEs in the developing countries was conducted. This highlighted the potential of blended finance when compared to other sustainable financing methods in being able to aid these SMEs and impact SDG 8. Afterwards, a data analysis of the performance of recent SME financing projects in developing countries, as well as a case study consisting of interviews with blended finance investment experts was conducted, in order to find effective practices of financing SMEs in developing countries to facilitate the targets set by in SDG8 and highlight how investment decisions are (to be) taken when considering blended finance projects.
It was found that even though the projects in lower-income countries within the could have stronger performance, a balance has to be struck between projects in these countries and those in slightly less low-income countries, in order to achieve consistent results. Furthermore, the use of public loan guarantees seems like a promising method but is currently suffering from a lack of willingness by banks to engage in blended finance transactions, due to solvency issues and general lower risk appetite and unfamiliarity with the methodology.
Furthermore, key investment decisions from an investor perspective lie in the specific business case of the project and whether the investment is ‘additional’ to the market. Furthermore, the attitude and capabilities of the entrepreneur behind the project are essential, as investors prefer projects in which the entrepreneur has enough skin in the game and is open to collaboration with a multitude of investors, such that one investor does not have to bear all the risks. Furthermore, it is important for investors to balance impact with financial performance, as only achieving impact through risky projects is not a sustainable business practice. More investment decisions could be made in the future if more and different blended finance methodologies would become more readily available. However, many of these, such as higher-leverage loan guarantees and first loss guarantees, are hampered by a lack of willingness again of private credit suppliers to engage in these transactions with public blended finance institutions. Furthermore, larger fund sizes would help investor diversity more, and thereby reach a wider range of projects and achieve more universal impact.
Therefore, it is recommended that if blended finance investments globally were to be expanded, that policy makers such as the UN, local governments, and the World Bank find ways to increase awareness of private credit suppliers and for them engage in more blended finance transactions. Furthermore, concrete law and regulation changes should be considered to the use of collateral, both physical and non-physical, by SMEs in developing countries, as to ensure SMEs will become more capable of engaging in loans with banks, which could then be supported by public investors in various blended finance arrangements. It is finally recommended that further research is done on this topic, especially at a larger scale and perhaps slightly into the future, when more projects will have been completed and therefore results will have become clearer. This could further explore the effectiveness of blended finance compared to other investment methods, and if found to be more effective, convey this to private parties. If these measures are to be taken and the knowledge on blended finance is expanded, it stands to reason that blended finance could be one of the tools to reduce the investment gap in sustainable development and aid in the creation of jobs in developing countries, where people need these most.
To keep good quality housing affordable in the Netherlands we are currently facing two main assignments:
1. Establishment of new homes.
2. The renovation of existing houses to make them more sustainable.
Within the New Heritage studio both issues are addressed together within the context of nineteen-seventies an eighties residential areas. A large part of the Dutch housing stock consists of this type of neighbourhoods, they often have relatively much potential for densification and a their insulation and installations are currently often insufficient or outdated.
In this project adaptability is used as a guiding theme to address these problems. This focus serves both a societal and a scientific purpose. Contemporary ideas about Open Building can be strengthened by reuse of the ideas of architects from the seventies of which the effect is already visible in their buildings. And on the other hand the adaptability of these existing building has to be strengthened to become more sustainable and house new groups of residents.
Research Question:
How can strategies for adaptability and appropriation as used in the experimental housing from the nineteen-seventies be reused in sustainable renovation and densification of neighborhoods from this period?
Subquestions:
- What is adaptable architecture?
- What was the program for experimental housing in the nineteen-seventies?
- Which strategies for adaptable architecture were applied in the projects that were part of the program?
- Why and how is densification and sustainable renovation of nineteen-seventies neighbourhoods required?
- How can the found strategies for adaptable architecture contribute to this?
Structure:
The research and design methodology is subdivided in five steps, of which the first two form the research part and the following three the design (image 3). These steps are:
1. Identify different strategies
2. Investigate how they are applied
In these steps information about the cases is distracted from primary sources and secondary literature using literature study and plan analyses. This information is translated into diagrams that show the different strategies that are found and their application.
3. Evaluate effects on design location
4. Define a brief
5. Design an integrated plan
In the design part the outcomes of the research part are combined with the value assessment that was made using the Kamari model (Kamari, Corrao, & Kirkegaard, 2017) and scenario studies. On the bases of this analysis a brief is defined based on different design scenarios. Hand sketches and physical models are used for both research purposes and as a presentation medium. Especially models are investigated as a way to present the design to residents and involve them in the design of their own houses and neighbourhood.
The Hembrug site is a plot which was formed in the 19th century by reclamation of land in the coastal area between Amsterdam and Zaandam. It was taken into use in 1895, as a weapon production base. However, the production came to a standstill in the 1990s, after which the factories were finally closed in 2003. The government decided to develop the mixed terrain for living, culture, nature and business in the coming years. However, industrial buildings on the site from industrial era are not adequate for the spatial and functional requirements in the contemporary society. Compare to demolition, renovation not only honors the past but also means looking into the future. It can help to create more space, reduce energy consumption and preserve the cultural value while bringing the building up to the latest technical standards.
My research focus on finding the suitable renovation strategies to the industrial heritage buildings, case study was used as the fundamental methodology while the descriptive research helped to summarized them into three main prototypes with the perspective of the spatial order between the existing building and its new intervention. The research findings are applied to the Hembrug Site and the design process also follows the strategies as well.","Hembrug Terrain; Industrial heritage; Sustainability; Renovation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","Second Life",""
"uuid:aef89723-4636-47ab-8f90-570d35adc1cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aef89723-4636-47ab-8f90-570d35adc1cf","Stimulating Sustainable Corporate Real Estate: Developing a Sustainability Reference Model for the Preference-based Accommodation Strategy","Wechsler, Olivia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Arkesteijn, M.H. (mentor); Binnekamp, R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Environmental sustainability has become an urgent matter on the Dutch political agenda, which will affect the built environment in the near future. Consequently, organizations have to adapt their real estate to new regulations for building performance and their own sustainability goals. The Preference-based Accommodation Strategy (PAS) is a decision-making strategy that aids organizations in finding a Corporate Real Estate Portfolio (CREP) that aligns with the organization’s values. This research aimed to stimulate organizations to improve the environmental sustainability of their CREP by changing the decision-making process. Therefore a sustainability reference model (SuRMo) was developed for PAS and tested on the CREP of Colliers, an international real estate consultancy firm with multiple offices in the Netherlands. In the pilot study, PAS and the SuRMo were used to evaluate three alternatives for a new office space in Utrecht. In an iterative process using the operation research methodology four tests were conducted which compared the outcome of the different decision-making processes. The four tests analysed 1) the current decision-making process, 2) the decision-making process and outcome using PAS, 3) the decision-making process and outcome using PAS with the SuRMo 2.0 and 4) the sustainability performance of Test 1-3 compared to Dutch sustainability goals for 2050. In the three tests the decision outcome resulted in the same office building that performed best in terms of environmental sustainability and matches the governmental goals for 2050. However, between Test 1 and Test 2 the total number of criteria increased from 7 to 37 and from two implicit environmental sustainability criteria to five explicit criteria. The outcome of this research shows that PAS increased the number of environmental sustainability criteria and changed the decision-making process of Colliers from implicit to explicit. The stakeholders expressed the need for the SuRMo because they lack knowledge about environmental sustainability in CREP but concluded that it requires further development for user-friendliness and suitability with PAS. The three actionable conclusions for practise are that PAS should be used in decision-making about CRE with a further developed SuRMo, Green Building Rating Systems should be used for sustainability in CRE decision-making instead of greenhouse gas emissions and project developers and investors can use the explicit outcome of PAS to adapt the supply to the demand on the real estate market.","Sustainability; Corporate Real Estate; Decision-making; Preference Function Modeling; Preference-based Accommodation Strategy; Reference Model","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Management in the Built Environment","",""
"uuid:96dfd4ef-32af-4bb7-a0bc-69d6ca27dc8e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:96dfd4ef-32af-4bb7-a0bc-69d6ca27dc8e","Social Sustainability through Community Land Trusts: A qualitative study on the impact of a CLT on the social sustainability of a neighbourhood.","Mulder, Betsy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Real Estate Management)","Czischke, D.K. (mentor); Janssen, C. (graduation committee); Dijkstra, R.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The Community Land Trust (CLT) model is regarded by some as a possible solution to the current issues that European housing markets are facing, such as unaffordability and segregation. As this model is able to provide perpetual affordable housing through collaboration between local residents, local authorities and civil experts, the statement could be made that this model develops and maintains housing that is centred around place community to a neighbourhood. This has brought up the idea that CLT might be able to booster social sustainability within this local context. However, the overall concept of social sustainability and the overall impact of the CLT model on social sustainability has both ben limitedly researched. Therefore, the aim of this study is to research the impact of the presence of a CLT on the social sustainability of a neighbourhood by answering the following main research question: How does a CLT impact the social sustainability of a neighbourhood? To answer this question, an operationalisation method based on the innovative Capabilities Approach has been constructed. This operationalisation tool was then deployed to gather information on the impact from a theoretical perspective through a literature review, from an organisational perspective through an expert panel with organisations from the European CLT network, and lastly from the residents’ perspective through a single-case study of a representative case for the classic CLT model. Based on the theoretical and organisational perspectives, the conclusions were drawn that the CLT model has the potential to positively impact most if not all social sustainability capabilities, meaning that the CLT model is able to increase these capabilities for the residents of the CLT. This positive impact, although not as extensive, has also been observed in practice. From the residents’ perspective it was gathered that the CLT model could positively influence the capabilities that have to do with the indicators of accessibility, housing, knowledge & skills, social network & interaction, safety & security, and sense of place, together with participation & democracy. The model is able to do so through implementing frameworks and resources, that could influence social and environmental conversion factors for the better. To be able to provide these frameworks and resources, however, the CLT organisation also needs to have the capability to do so through resources. However, there are limitations to the generalisability of the research findings. This study forms the beginning of a theory on the impact of the CLT model on social sustainability on a neighbourhood level, and further in-depth research is therefore the primary recommendation for future research.","Social sustainability; Collaborative housing; Community Land Trust; Sustainability; Capability approach","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Management in the Built Environment","",""
"uuid:e804092c-5006-428f-b8b7-fce799f4a32b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e804092c-5006-428f-b8b7-fce799f4a32b","RE-FACADE GLASS PANELS: made by Construction & Demolition Recycled Glass","Matskidou, Isidora (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Oikonomopoulou, F. (mentor); Luna Navarro, A. (graduation committee); Bristogianni, T. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Although glass is a known material for centuries, extensive usage and today’s technology –with modern construction methods– made glass one of the most valuable materials of the present and future. Witnessing an immense progression and a broad innovative boost in the construction field, creating the perfect link between indoor and outdoor environments.
Given the growth of the world’s population and its constant need to improve the way of living, the demand for new flat glass production, and the replacement of the older ones are rising. However, what is happening at the end-of-life of such architectural glass waste coming from the construction and demolition sector? Α significant amount of post-consumer flat glass waste is generated, which is either down-cycled into low-value applications or discarded at the end of the life cycle, aggravating the existing problem of glass recycling whilst resulting in a significant impact on the ecological footprint.
Glass is a readily recyclable material, that can be remelted and reformed indefinitely into articles with the same quality and properties as the original one, nominating it as a perfect candidate in the transition efforts for a low-carbon environment. Even though the glass packaging industry is a successful recycling market, the same is not true for the floating glass industry, which occupies a more complex position. The vast majority of the remaining waste is rarely recycled into the same product, due to the lack of an organized recycling scheme, the incompatibility of different glass recipes, and the contamination rates of glazed products that could lead to risks in the total production line.
Among the down-recycled or landfilled glass, there is a great proportion of high-value float glass, pointing out the large potential in upgrading the glass recycling process from a linear chain to a circular one. The main scientific contribution of this research is the development and experimental verification with the aim of casting technique, not only new design concepts and engineering their fabrication following the design criteria, but also an ideal recycling collection system for cullets coming from the C&D sector while utilizing tools to check the product’s performance and assessing its life cycle impact to the environment.
The casting method, as a more flexible process, that easily shifts between different recipes, and is less energy-intensive than float line, proves feasible for the fabrication of 100% recycled panels out of post-consumer flat glass waste. These findings are introduced by means of closed-loop alternatives that extend their service life, establishing at the same time the foundation for a circular life-cycle of architectural glass, while can assist as guidelines for further exploration. These components are monolithic elements with higher thickness, compared to the conventional thin-walled glass to tolerate a higher contamination rate, intended for building envelope applications. Their format is adopted and explored through a strategic approach of a translucent composite product, which is made out of specific glass waste layering arrangement between different purity grades of cullet in such a manner to form an advantage tensile strength on the recycled panel, which is transferred on the surfaces and reinforces the object.
Grasping the boundaries of glass recycling, which has been continuously stretching, in the last years, only some primary attempts have been made by TU Delft. These are referred on the fabrication of 3-dimensional strong glass components or glass panels emphasizing the aesthetic result always with the method of casting, unveiling the ambitious potential of glass upcycling for the building sector.
Identifying the scientific gap, the focus of this research is the proper mapping of the current situation of glass recycling, and the identification of the most promising glass C&D waste through experimental research by contacting melting and tools that have not been utilized before. The experimental analysis of the new concept concentrates on the development of the composite panel and the thermal shock testing in uneven temperatures, as the strength of recycled glass has already been investigated previously. Additionally, this concept will be assessed for further analysis and understanding of the whole effectiveness of the proposed supply chain of this recycling method, which is carried out for the first time.
The development of the new composite panel and its experimental evaluation displayed strong findings for further exploration. This thesis set-up could be a promising strategy for float glass recyclability but also in this product’s performance, for transcending the main barriers of flat glass refusal owing to either impurities or different glass synthesis, while it is aligned with the 2050 Dutch policy of zero waste in the construction field and the European guidelines linked to the sustainable movement. Recovering discarded glass in cast glass products opens new paths to reintroduce such waste back to the supply chain, as a closed-loop approach.
“The South Canal is clearly an exceptional example of a designed landscape” (Heritage, 2022), says UNESCO World Heritage, this grant water system shows the most innovative water management achievement of the time. The construction of the canal combines ingenuity and aesthetics by taking advantage of the natural water flow and the geographical and architectural elements of the land it crossed. Next to that, a wide range of specialized knowledge from Roman tradition to the latest scientific development was used in its construction. The project had brought enormous benefit for the region and the whole country of France. Today, the canal provides a unique perspective to review the relationship between artificiality and nature, modernity and the past.
However, the canal faces difficulties to adapt to its role of a landscape icon that attracts worldwide tourism and has difficulties to keep its role as a source for irrigation. In fact, the Canal du Midi is a rigid, long, quite narrow water structure, with many waterworks that need constant maintenance and have limited accessibility. Therefore, to overcome marginalization, it is essential to identify its values; “aspects of culture which are inherited by the present and which will be preserved for the future” (Upen, Oct 18, 2018).
The thesis proposes a discussion from the perspective of landscape architecture, if and in what way a large-scale historical site can become the spill of a sustainable landscape transformation. Central to the research is the use of the concept of the landscape narrative: Narratives are there in landscapes, intersect with sites, accumulate as layers of history, organize sequences, and inhere in the materials and process of the landscape (Potteiger & Purinton, 1998). And to envision the canal as an element, that can create a more adaptive and robust network to stimulate the sustainable development of the region by using three narratives: water as culture, water as infrastructure, water as nature.","Water heritage; Landscape narrative; Sustainability; Circular system","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Landscape Architecture","",""
"uuid:f2c9dccf-c777-45bd-8a1c-3c9d452af1c9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f2c9dccf-c777-45bd-8a1c-3c9d452af1c9","Architectural Young Classics: A sustainable reuse strategy for administrative office buildings of the 1970s and 1980s","Fischer, Lucca (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Meijers, W.L.E.C. (mentor); Koopman, F.W.A. (mentor); Zijlstra, H. (mentor); van Loenen, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The office architecture of the 1970s and 1980s makes up a large part of Dutch office building stock, at about 30%. Most buildings are now in need of major renovation and often no longer correspond to today's aesthetic perception. In addition, the function of the buildings must be adapted to today's needs and technological standards. This is not least due to the rapidly changing world of work, especially after the climax of the Corona pandemic. In order to prevent the possible destruction of buildings or building parts with a potential to become protected heritage, this master project offers a first approach to collecting characteristics of this period for heritage and sustainability reasons. A focus is placed on those that lend themselves to a particularly sustainable strategy, as the study shows that the early sustainability movement of the 1970s also left its mark on the construction methods of the time. The results together with the results of a value assessment are applied to the adaptive re-design of the police building in the Mathildelaan in Eindhoven. Further, aspects with a particular sustainability perspective are incorporated in an extension. In this way, the existing building is integrated into a modern urban context.","Heritage; 1970; 1980; Sustainability; Adaptive Re-use; Adaptive Reuse; Structuralism; Brutalism; Architecture; Flexibility; Prefabricated Concrete; Modern Heritage; Spatial Building Typology; Toolbox; Eindhoven","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Heritage & Architecture","",""
"uuid:0f745db5-6f31-4bda-8d04-82efe728daa6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0f745db5-6f31-4bda-8d04-82efe728daa6","Sustainable estate of the future: Research and design into a sustainable reuse of Dutch estate Huis 't Velde","Klein, Mathyn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Heritage & Design)","Meijers, W.L.E.C. (mentor); Koopman, F.W.A. (mentor); Zijlstra, H. (mentor); van Loenen, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In this master thesis project is the topic sustainability in relation to the repurposing of Dutch (rural) estates investigated. Making an estate more sustainable has been researched on the basis of two redesign theories and several case studies. The research question was: ‘how can design approaches help in a contemporary reuse and redesign of a Dutch estate where both building, and nature, contribute to a sustainable design, and in particular for Huis ‘t Velde in Warnsveld?’. This research was conducted in response to the design assignment for the reuse of an estate in Warnsveld, Gelderland. This is done in collaboration with the Dutch Atelier Politie Bouwmeester, who is the current user of the building. The history and values of the existing building are relevant for a redesign. That is why also the history and typology of Dutch estates and in particular Huis 't Velde are examined.
The redesign focused on a repurpose of the monumental buildings and the surrounding area. There is a multifunctional design made with a museum, restaurant, memorial garden and residences. The redesign of the estate is done with an integral approach combining the qualities of the land and the buildings together with the aim to integrate green energy resources to make the estate sustainable for the future.","Vacant Heritage; Estate; Sustainability; Design Attitude; Design approach; Huis 't Velde; Spatial Building Typology","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Heritage & Architecture","",""
"uuid:1884aead-4686-4d08-9c06-e13596d765d8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1884aead-4686-4d08-9c06-e13596d765d8","Green Parenting in 2030: exploration of systemic & sustainable innovation with Philips","Tschavgova, Elisabeth (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","van Engelen, J.M.L. (mentor); Kobus, C.B.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Context within Philips:
This thesis is part of a new project track within Philips with the goal of developing a roadmap of tangible and practical sustainable solutions, integrated in the Philips portfolio and inspired by a long-term vision. The case study of this project track and therefore thesis is the MCC business (Mother and Child Care).
Redefining sustainability in 2030:
Looking at current practices of sustainability, this thesis questions them as being too slow and not effective enough. This dissatisfaction with current actions required taking a step back and rethinking what sustainability means in this project. Resulting in using Gaia, a future with the ideal to ""focus human activity towards restoring the natural dynamic balance of ecosystems that nourishes all life on earth"", as the inspiration on what sustainability should become in the 2030.
Concretely, this means from a consumer perspective that our mindset needs to evolve from exploiting nature to giving back to nature. From a business perspective, however, this means to deliver value to the entire ecosystem and not only to humans – in contrast to today's businesses’ monetary and human-serving focus.
Process:
The complex topic of sustainable parenthood was analyzed though system analysis, which resulted in the identification of the parent's dilemma of wanting to act eco-responsible but being immersed in triggers for overconsumption. To make the complexity of the dilemma comprehensible for the stakeholders it got translated into a story telling map. User research has been conducted to validate and analyze the identified dilemma in depth.
Results:
This thesis delivered three main results.
1. Insight cards. They are based on the user research, giving further details on the dilemma and providing insight on how to resolve it. The can be used by the MCC stakeholders to develop future BVPs.
2. Dilemma model. The insight cards can be mapped down within the story telling map. Resulting in a model explaining the dilemma parents face when it comes to becoming sustainable and mapping the insights needed on resolving this.
3. Vision. The quotes and insights of the qualitative study have been applied in the context of a participatory story building workshop to create personas and develop a sustainable future vision for MCC.","Sustainability; Behavior Change; system design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:4b686b2d-ab96-492d-afae-9059f803aa70","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b686b2d-ab96-492d-afae-9059f803aa70","Principals and Suggestions for Sustainable Materials Management within Facility Management","Wissingh, Thomas (The Hague University of Applied Sciences); Kuijlenburg, Rachel (The Hague University of Applied Sciences); Joosstens, Frans (The Hague University of Applied Sciences); Poldner, Kim, (The Hague University of Applied Sciences); Mobach, Mark (Hanze University of Applied Sciences)","","2022","Background and aim - Many countries signed the Paris Agreement to mitigate global average temperature rise. In this context, Dutch government decided to realize a reduction of 50% using resources and raw materials in 2030. This paper explores how practice-based research into facility operations can contribute to this aim. Methods / Methodology - Practice-based research which includes direct observations, desk research, and participatory action research. Results - This explorative research presents principles and suggestions for facility managers and procurement managers on how they can embed sustainable materials management in the organisation and how to take control of waste. The proposed suggestions are derived from practice-based research and presented as topics of attention for facility professionals. Originality - Within education of Dutch universities of applied sciences and daily professional facility practices, the phenomenon of materials management is underexposed. To contribute to the national and international climate objectives, (future) facility professionals need better support to reduce waste. Bachelor students were involved throughout this research. This approach gave refreshing insights into waste at the end of the supply chain (control separation units) that can improve informed decisionmaking at the beginning of the supply chain. Practical or social implications - Facility management professionals have an important role to play in the mitigation of global average temperature rise, because of their leading role in procurement, service operations, and materials management. However, they struggle to find sustainable solutions. This paper seeks to inspire professionals with interventions that have proven effectiveness on the reduction of waste. Type of paper - Short research paper.","Circularity; Facility Management; Materials Management; Procurement; Sustainability; Supply Chain Management","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:5fb99bbc-f0c2-4864-b9bf-f7c222631d59","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5fb99bbc-f0c2-4864-b9bf-f7c222631d59","From surgical waste to medical products","van Straten, Bart (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)","Dankelman, J. (promotor); Horeman, T. (copromotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Hospital waste has a major impact on the environment. The worldwide growth of hospital waste is the result of the growing world population and the increase in use of disposables. A circular healthcare economy may contribute to the reduction of hospital waste. The circular economy is a system in which waste is prevented and where waste is reused.
This thesis reports the findings of circular methods and strategies.","Circular Economy; waste recycling; Clean technology; Sustainability; Circular design","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-6419-501-9","","","","","","","","","Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology","","",""
"uuid:52f18928-1c91-4244-aa65-2effd441c0b5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:52f18928-1c91-4244-aa65-2effd441c0b5","A Delay Analysis in Airport Engine-off Towing Operations Using Hierarchical Multi-Agent Path Planning","Soomers, Joost (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering; To70 Aviation Consultants)","Sharpanskykh, Alexei (mentor); Martin Fernandez, Patricia (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The increased pressure to reduce aircraft emissions and the growing demand for air travel causes airports to consider alternatives for fuel-inefficient aircraft taxiing. External towing tugs can be deployed to effectively reduce on-ground fuel burn of outbound aircraft. These new operations are likely to aggravate ground delays as a result of flow-disturbing uncoupling processes on taxiways or holding platforms. The size of these delays has not been previously investigated. The goal of this research is to analyse the impact of various uncoupling scenarios on ground delays. Scenarios are created by varying the uncoupling duration and the available uncoupling points. A computational model is created with Amsterdam Airport Schiphol (AAS) and Taxibot as reference airport and towing system. Vehicle-specific operations are optimised by a hierarchical multi-agent path planning algorithm. The algorithm comprises augmented versions of a Priority Based Search (PBS) algorithm and a Safe Interval Path Planning (SIPP) technique. Simulated conventional operations are compared with Taxibot-enabled operations for traffic samples corresponding to high traffic demands. Minor delays are found for inbound traffic. For outbound traffic, most delays occur during towing and are mainly determined by the arrangement of uncoupling points, the uncoupling duration, and the traffic demand. Delays are furthermore, but to a lesser extent, determined by the changed kinematics of aircraft towing and the runway’s position. Delays resulting from uncoupling only on taxiways or holding platforms vary per runway as a result of different arrangements in uncoupling points. For every arrangement of uncoupling points, the number of points and the presence of alternative paths around the points are key in mitigating delays resulting from long uncoupling processes. The intensity of delays can be reduced by tuning search objective settings in the algorithm, in particular for uncoupling points arranged in series.","Airport; Aircraft taxiing; Sustainability; Airport Operations; Delay management; Agent-based model; Multi-agent path finding; Engine-off taxiing; Taxibot; Hierarchical multi-agent path planning","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2024-06-02","","","","Aerospace Engineering","",""
"uuid:a8f347a1-ff22-4327-8cbb-4bba3fd9c23a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a8f347a1-ff22-4327-8cbb-4bba3fd9c23a","A\Wakening Essenburgpark: Explorations on how to design for the wild","Lokhorst, Femke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Daamen, T.A. (mentor); Milinović, S. (graduation committee); van Loon, F.D. (graduation committee); van de Voort, J.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","'A Wakening' entails a coming home to our innate essence of what it means to be human and living as part of this interconnected web of life. Through being present with the now, we can envision and work towards desired, collective, and whole futures for all on this earth. 'A Wakening' should be patient. For me, the first step in waking up is to dream. Dream more and deeper and lose myself, first trusting soil and gut and instincts. It is only coming out of the pure egoless dream of making and noticing that 'A Wakening' might be useful to me and, by extension, to the turbulent times we live in. Those whose work I admire are rooted and quiet and know how to go deep and slow and feel things before acting on them. Meanwhile, the earth itself may be waking up and considering spitting us all out.","Nature inclusive; Design for the wild; Restoring our relationship with nature; Nature; Sustainability; circularity; Local; Wood construction; Japanese joinery; Compostable architecture","en","master thesis","","","","","","http://a.wakening.nl","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Explorelab","","51.922722, 4.448333"
"uuid:123c33d1-2536-4e12-bb35-d5d91fc7031a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:123c33d1-2536-4e12-bb35-d5d91fc7031a","Sustainability and Paradigms of Mughal Architecture in Old Delhi 1526 – 1707","Kapoor, Rushil (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The thesis seeks to analyze the Mughal Architecture in Old Delhi from 1526 till 1707. Starting with a brief description about the history of India, it allows the reader to acknowledge the motifs of the Mughal sultanate and how it was established. The writing advances to introduce the six main Mughal emperors in Delhi such as Babur, Humayun, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan and Aurangzeb respectively. The six emperors not only passed on their architectural knowledge, but also built famous palaces in parts of Delhi that we, in today’s day call Old Delhi. Some of these palaces will be analyzed from a sustainable standpoint to understand how the architecture tackled the extreme climate conditions of the region. Through this categorical breakdown of the Mughal Architecture, the thesis aims towards understand and inspiring the use of vernacular architectural sustainability and its positive effects created by its utilization.","AR2A011; Sustainability; Mughal Architecture; Paradigms; Climate Control; Old Delhi; Islamic Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b76a48d5-2150-4f3b-af77-45fed329cf9b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b76a48d5-2150-4f3b-af77-45fed329cf9b","Switching the Parametric Design Approach","Rocha, Randy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Yerli, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis examines in what way designers should reassure that the use of parametric design can be switched from esthetical purposes to problem-solving purposes for future global challenges throughout Zaha Hadid Architects’ historical approaches and developments. In order to find the answer to the research question, it is important to know how parametric design has been approached in the past, especially from Zaha Hadid Architects’ perspective. Thereafter, to find out in what way parametric design has developed over the years. At last, to know how parametric design could be used for environmental and societal matters by proposing new guidelines for the usage of parametric design. This research shows that in order to reassure those ambitions, it is important to change the parametric design intent into a more environmental and society focused process to get a more sustainable and social parametric design result.","AR2A011; Parametric; Design; Architecture; History; Zaha Hadid; Sustainability; Climate change","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:65205e87-1e9f-45f2-9533-4526c3c1b7a0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:65205e87-1e9f-45f2-9533-4526c3c1b7a0","Youth participation in the energy transition: Designing a new approach","Peet, Eva (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mulder, I. (mentor); Mulder, S.S. (graduation committee); Jacobs, Daan (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In 2015, due to decentralisations in the social domain, municipalities became the key public authorities for youth participation in the Netherlands (RAND Europe, 2021). One year later 66% had made youth participation a policy goal, while 18% was planning to. At that time most municipalities involved young people to some extend in their policy-making, but were dissatisfied with the results and expressed a need for tools (Mak, Gilsing & Wróblewska, 2016). In 2020, despite considerable effort, the dissatisfaction had not changed (Movisie, 2020).
This thesis aims to design a new approach that allows youngsters aged 14-17 to structurally participate in municipal policy- and decision-making, in the context of the energy transition. The energy transition, which refers to the transfer from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the Netherlands with 95-100% in 2050 (RIVM, n.d.), is seen as the largest strategic challenge for municipalities and one of the main societal challenge of our time (Ebskamp & Verbraak, 2019). Municipalities ask Citisens, an organisation specialised in reaching and involving (adult) citizens and this project’s client, ever more frequently if they can support them in involving young people in shaping this transition. This project is their first step in exploring this new market.
Three methods characterize the project approach. Frame creation, a method well-suited for the open, networked, complex and dynamic problems of today, provides the main structure to the project (Dorst, 2015, p. 73). Within the structure of Frame creation, the project adopts a participatory approach, involving 163 stakeholders and experts in 15 co-creation sessions throughout the project. Besides bringing in new perspectives, giving stakeholders a voice in the design and building stakeholder support (Boeijen et al., 2020, p. 61), these co-creation sessions all generate insights on collaborating with the stakeholders in a Research through Design approach. While most co-creation sessions use prototypes or artefacts to generate new knowledge, the sessions themselves can also be seen as prototypes for collaboration (Stappers & Giaccardi, 2017).
Following an in-depth analysis of the challenge, this thesis creates an overview of frontrunners that have a new and promising approach to (youth) participation and/or involving people in climate issues. Looking at common factors of these frontrunners, four themes emerge: equity, ownership, collaboration and action. Based on these themes, several new frames to approach youth participation are developed. The final design, Design your dream places, is based on the frame Holacracy.
Design your dream places involves all youngsters through guest lessons at schools and facilitates them to create their own, sustainable dream places in the municipality. It allows everyone in the municipality to vote on their favourite place, and encourages the municipality and youngsters to collaborate on next steps. The final design was tested and evaluated during a pilot session with key stakeholders, yielding encouraging results while showing the importance of testing it in a real-life setting with actual follow-up. Finally, an implementation and integration plan was created to envision next steps for the project.
Furthermore, the reappraisal of industrial heritage by adaptive reuse has a positive effect on the triple bottom line of sustainability. Capturing the value that is linked to the triple bottom line of sustainability is challenging due to the various components that define them. To reach sustainable development on the basis of the triple bottom line of sustainability, linkages and an equilibrium of all components should be reached. The sustainability of adaptive reuse in industrial heritage is an interplay between coping with challenges and emphasizing on benefits. Developments are always reaching for the maximum, and try to achieve sustainable development. Despite the identifiable benefits, the revitalization of Dutch urban areas also faces a myriad of challenges. Challenges and barriers encountered make it futile and hard to obtain. The financing of complex urban development, with the adaptive reuse of industrial heritage, is a major challenge. Due to the challenges and uncertainties this development faces, the cost rises with it. The main challenge is finding implementation methods and feasible and appropriate financial instruments that maximize
the benefits on economic, social, and environmental sustainability of regenerating these areas.
Adaptive reuse of industrial heritage greatly improves social and environmental sustainability. The degree to which this sustainability is improved is dependent on the perceived sustainability benefits on sustainability. This research begins to understand the factors that impact the degree of added value. Understanding these factors, the process of adaptive reuse of industrial heritage can be optimized to ensure more sustainable and successful end-products.
Adaptive reuse of industrial heritage has clear benefits, it is important that industrial heritage is continuously being transformed to preserve the industrial legacy and to cope with the pressure on the current building stock.","Adaptive Reuse; Industrial Heritage; Revitalization; Stakeholder management; Financing; Economic; Social; Environmental; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Management in the Built Environment","","51.91110774884677, 4.449507844911606"
"uuid:43847119-1007-45f2-8323-baec216c54a3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:43847119-1007-45f2-8323-baec216c54a3","Design for Philips Grooming Product Return Experience","Fan, Xingyu (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Bakker, C.A. (mentor); Mugge, R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","With the rapid rise in consumption and production, natural resources are becoming increasingly scarce. As the prevalence of the linear economy leads to neglect in the product end-of-use (EOU) phase, moving towards a circular economy (CE) can maximize the product value by recovering and reusing.
As one of the circular strategies applied by some industries, the take-back program could enable a company to take back used products from consumers and reintroduce them to the production cycle, thereby facilitating the CE. However, if consumers rarely bring back EOU products, manufacturers can hardly close the loop (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2013).
This thesis project collaborates with Philips, aiming to motivate Philips Grooming consumers to return used products to Philips so that devices can be recycled or refurbish. However, consumers rarely return the device. Therefore, this project intends to explore how an effective take-back program can be developed to change Grooming consumers’ behaviour towards returning.
Fogg behaviour model is the key methodology supporting the project research. It was used for exploring the relationship between users’ behaviour and the influencing factors, thereby providing valuable insights for the design direction. Taking Fogg behaviour model as a starting point, service safari, benchmarking, and in-depth user interviews were conducted to understand the service context and target group behaviour. The data obtained from these activities were further analysed, synthesised, and formulated to executive design directions.
This project ends up with a final service concept, “Philips Grooming Take-back”, which applies various design interventions and service strategies to create a painless and seamless divestment experience for users by meeting different values that each individual needs. The concept could also create long-term value for Philips, other stakeholders, and the environment. In addition to the service concept, this project has addressed systematic design opportunities and requirements for behaviour change in the Grooming divestment context, which could be potentially leveraged for other relevant initiatives of Philips Personal Health.
This graduation project explores how to communicate information related to indoor climate and energy to motivate secondary school students to save energy through social dynamics at school. The final design of this project is a digital application that promotes sustainable behavior among students.
In the exploration phase of the project, extensive user research including co-design sessions with users and literature review into the topic of social dynamics between students and their attitudes towards sustainability helped to understand users comprehensively. It revealed most students don’t have the motivation to contribute to energy conservation for the school. Yet, there is intensive social interaction within student cliques which is a potential means to motivate students to engage with sustainability. Further research through context study of the technical infrastructure and literature review into indoor climate science and its relationship with users narrowed down the solution space for the next defining phase. Based on the exploration, the design goal was defined and followed by the iteration phase. A series of design prototypes, based on the information communication method, was created and tested with the participants to inform the final design.
The final concept PROMOTIVATE is an interactive application that motivates secondary school students to act on sustainable actions in the school context. It features group-based competitions, sustainable actions, and information related to indoor climate and energy. The application enables students to take action and contribute to sustainability at school through teamwork in a competitive manner.
A clickable application was evaluated with participants using qualitative methods of observation and interviews, and quantitative methods of survey. It is experienced as motivating and encouraging for participants with an easy-to-use interaction. Participants were motivated and encouraged by diverse features of the final concept. The practical information provided in the application related to detailed descriptions of the energy-saving actions was clear for participants. They also motivated each other in the group.
The design research and practice conducted in this project prove that social dynamics can play a big role in engaging users with the topic of energy conservation. Furthermore, it showed that the information on indoor climate and energy can be used to evoke motivation and confidence, which offers interesting directions for future work. To be more specific, the research suggests the potential for further development of the functioning system that links to the energy use data and the indoor climate data in ENERGE data dashboard to make sustainable actions more down-to-earth.","Social dynamics; Interaction design; Sustainable behavior change; co-design; Research through Design; Secondary School; energy conservation; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:361dbe61-4c12-41ad-83ba-9461c12f1367","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:361dbe61-4c12-41ad-83ba-9461c12f1367","Hydrogen Supply Chain Optimisation: Wind Based Hydrogen Supply Chain Optimisation For Non-Stationary Storage Applications In An Early Market Development Stage","Kooter, Mick (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; HYGRO BV)","van Wijk, A.J.M. (mentor); Lukszo, Z. (graduation committee); Zaaijer, M B (graduation committee); Groenemans, J.H.G.H. (Hugo) (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Implementing green alternatives in the heavy-duty mobility market is required to reach the set climate goals of 2050 and decrease greenhouse gas emissions. Refuelling infrastructures based on alternative fuels such as hydrogen are not sufficiently available. This poses a barrier to large scale implementation and investment in new emission free heavy-duty fuel cell vehicles.
Early market value chain configurations and low refuelling station demand levels are researched and evaluated to determine the optimal future strategy decision based on operational decision-making results. A Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) optimisation model is adopted to simulate a small scale hydrogen value chain dominated by hydrogen production directly from wind energy at the wind turbine location. Additionally, a method is proposed to define future demand for two separate end-user categories at a hydrogen refuelling station. The spatial configuration of the researched infrastructure is based on a ”Hub” and ”Satellite” concept with distributed production locations and demand locations.
With the current market pricing of all value chain components, cost parity with diesel fuel is reached if the total production capacity of the value chain is utilised. Future cost development will result in a lower total cost for hydrogen per kg than the diesel fuel equivalent. The hydrogen refuelling infrastructure based on wind energy is resilient against increased energy price fluctuations by an expected increase in the installed capacity of renewable energy sources. The operational decision making process regarding the hydrogen production process is generally independent of the distribution system size, spatial configuration, and type of non-stationary storage container, taking into account similar demand within a specified time frame. The hydrogen infrastructure project of DUWAAL by HYGRO is used as a basis for the research.","Hydrogen; Supply chain optimsation; Mixed Integer Linear Programming; Levilised Cost of Hydrogen; Hydrogen Refueling Infrastructure; Sustainability; operational decision-making; Energy transition","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2024-03-24","","","","Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology","",""
"uuid:0ff435ae-4f59-4196-b52c-92a528de3041","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0ff435ae-4f59-4196-b52c-92a528de3041","Towards Circular ICUs: Reuse of intubation devices as a catalyst for systemic change","Ville, Alicia (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Bakker, C.A. (mentor); Diehl, J.C. (graduation committee); Sené, Baptiste (graduation committee); Hunfeld, N.G.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This project aims to reduce the environmental impact of the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), the department which provides constant care to critical patients. One of the most common and wasteful ICU procedures is intubation. Intubation is needed when patients cannot breathe by themselves. Can we design a circular intubation procedure as a catalyser for systemic change towards circular ICUs? This project aims to design a pilot system to initiate the transition towards circular intubations.
Research was done to understand better the current waste created by the ICU. A set of challenges derived from the research were used to ideate on different systems which could improve the ICU sustainability. It was decided to further detail a system that allows reuse of intubation devices, articulating the first pilot around a specific product, the video laryngoscope. This video laryngoscope is used to intubate patients. It is composed of various plastics and electronics and has a relatively high procurement cost. Nevertheless, it is a single-use device, disposed of and incinerated after a few minutes of use.
Ideation on a system enabling a safe and hassle-free reuse of the video laryngoscope at the ICU with a lower environmental impact was done. Two pilot systems were proposed:
The first proposal, reduce, enables Erasmus MC to reuse the current video laryngoscope in use at the ICU. Adding a removable plastic cover to the device enables reuse of the device. By not binging the device in direct contact with the patient, fewer reprocessing steps will be required since fewer microorganisms will get in contact with the video laryngoscope. The second proposal, reuse, offers the complete reuse of a modular video laryngoscope. The main body would be, likewise the first proposal, reprocessed after not having been in contact with the patient. A hardcover would surround the product and would be redesigned to allow reuse and traceability of the number of reprocessing cycles it has gone through. Reprocessing in both proposals could be done at the ICU. Not relying on the sterilization department allows the ICU to be resilient and to increase devices availability.The use of a novel reprocessing technique, UVC radiations, is proposed. Compared to current reprocessing techniques, it consumes less water, electricity, and space. In addition, UVC reprocessing allows a high level of automation of the process, increasing its safety and reducing the hassle for ICU workers.
Outcomes
A better understanding of the healthcare complexity and impact has been achieved. An action plan towards a pilot system is proposed, with which CO2 emissions, amount of waste and costs for the hospital would be reduced compared to the current single-use system. Future scale-up of the reuse system to other devices is envisioned, as well as replicating it into other Erasmus MC departments. Next to this pilot focusing on reuse, a set of complementary opportunities areas to introduce circularity to the ICU are summarized in a booklet.","Sustainability; Circular Design; Healthcare","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:7c2bb61a-f04e-4d37-9a9a-0918c9ba200b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7c2bb61a-f04e-4d37-9a9a-0918c9ba200b","The future of Green IT: A framework for Deloitte Technology Strategy & Operating Model to implement sustainability in their current offerings","Maatje, Eline (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Calabretta, G. (mentor); Buijs, M.J.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Increasing energy usage and environmental concerns force us to look into green innovation. Organizations need to become more sustainable in every aspect to stay relevant. To minimize a company’s carbon footprint, IT should also be included in the sustainability strategy. Therefore, greening IT is and will continue to be a necessity, not an option (Murugesan, 2008). his project is done in collaboration with the department Technology Strategy & Operating Model (TSOM within Deloitte Consulting. Within the research phase of the project, desk research was conducted which existed of literature review and trend research, which was followed by ten expert interviews. The outcome detected an opportunity for Deloitte TSOM. By using a collaborative design process, a modified framework, implementation strategy, and adaptation AIDA model for employees were developed to incorporate sustainability in their everyday work. Additionally, an implementation roadmap was created using the AIDA model to ensure a straightforward adaption process. The new framework and implementation strategy were validated in multiple validation sessions with employees. New insights resulted in iterations on the AIDA model and a new implementation strategy of the new capabilities. Finally, based on the validation and assessment of the solution, it can be stated that the outcome adds to Deloitte TSOM’s current offerings.","Sustainability; Information Technology; Consulting; Framework; Roadmap; Collaborative design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:37d8fea8-d0c3-45d7-a247-e6c6b834c798","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:37d8fea8-d0c3-45d7-a247-e6c6b834c798","How can we use Livework's approach to org change for CC for SF?: A tool for Livework to enable organisations to think in sustainable and thriving systems","Priyanka Singh, Priyanka (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Hultink, H.J. (mentor); Baldassarre, B.R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","As sustainability becomes one of the critical topics of our times, organisations seek guidance on feasible and pragmatic ways to implement the same. To reduce the know-do gap, the thesis collaboration between Livework and the Technical University of Delft explores the problem statement: How can we use Livework’s service architecture approach for organisational change for customer-centricity (CC) for Sustainable futures (SF)? Empirical research and semi-structured qualitative interviews focus on two main areas of focus: 1. Livework’s service architecture approach; and 2. Sustainable futures. The results and findings of the interviews with Livework employees, their clients and five sustainability leaders in organisations led to defining a vision for Livework and a set of goals and objectives. To make the vision a reality a roadmap is designed. Turning the vision into action, the tool workshop: organisation as a garden is designed. The workshop imagines an organisation like a garden, where the soil a.k.a the core of the business has to thrive with a network of nurturers and influencers. Using this tool in a collaborative manner with organisations, Livework learns about their mindset, pain points and scope a plan of action to enable them to think in regenerative and thriving systems.","organisational change; Sustainability; Regenerative Design; System Design; Sustainable development","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:6e6dd8d5-3eab-4d63-a991-acfef0a34343","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6e6dd8d5-3eab-4d63-a991-acfef0a34343","Sustainable strategies for consuming on-the-go","de Grefte, Fay (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Human-Centered Design)","van Dijk, M.B. (mentor); Kobus, C.B.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The way we consume when we travel has had a bigger influence on the environment than meets the eye. We see the cups being thrown away, but we do not see the overconsumption, the dodging of responsibility for sustainable production and the food losses. Our quest for convenience has led us to behave in the most environmentally unfriendly way possible.
To contribute to the sustainable development goals of the UN and strive for
a more balanced world, this project created a possible sustainable strategy for consuming on-the-go in 2036. The desired change is constructed using
the ViP-method and Social Practice Theory. In the first part of the report, the current practice is deconstructed and we try to fully understand its impact on the environment. The next chapter uses context factors to make a prediction about the practice of ‘consuming on-the-go’ in 2036. This context is visualised in a future framework. Based on this overview, in combination with the vision of the project, a desired future is presented in the form of a vision statement. By rearranging the social construct of consuming on-the-go out of convenience to one with a motivation of self-care, the practice arguably becomes a more sustainable, and thus desired, one.
An intervention to get from the current practice to a desired one in 2036 could be a product-service system named ‘Tend’. This concept consists of a new system that supports the self-care journey and a digital platform with a product to help actualise your intentions concerning your well-being. The value for the user is added when Tend suggests a consumption that suits your needs at that moment best.
To show how the concept could find its way into reality, a roadmad visualises proposed steps for the service based on the changing context. These parts of implementation are plotted over time and construct a desired final practice
in 2036. Afterwards, an impact analysis compares the old practice to the new one and discusses in what ways Tend leads to less negative impact concerning production and more positive impact concerning health and consumption. This validates the importance of such a transition and shows the value of this projects’ contribution to a more sustainable consumption on-the-go.
In a society where sustainability is becoming more and more relevant, disposable single use diapers are still used by 95% of parents. Every baby uses approximately 4000 diapers in their first 2,5 years of life. This is close to 160 kilos of material that is used once and then discarded. As the use of disposable diapers only increases with the increasing number of births yearly worldwide, the amount of material needed to sustain the diaper market is enormous. The Future Diaper Project initiated this research with as the main goal to develop a more sustainable disposable diaper. Can disposable diapers be designed to have lower environmental impact, reduced material use and be made renewable? To prevent the design of unusable futuristic designs an extra focus was placed on user experience. Currently disposable diapers can be named as the essence of convenience, low effort and easy disposal. Can a new diaper both be more sustainable while preserving this user experience? This project proposes a new concept to revolutionize the future of the disposable diaper market.
Approach
The main approach of this project lies in the classic double diamond model, consisting of research & analysis (discover), define, conceptualization (develop) and deliver (embodiment and final product). The research and analysis phase allowed the creation of a clear vision, list of requirements and provided a strong foundation for ideation. Through extensive desk research, talking with parents, observation and analysis of impacts through creating a diaper model (Excel) with the material database of Granta Edupack (previously CES). With a clear path ahead created by the analysis, ideation of concepts was started, generating various ideas that could reduce diaper impact. Emphasis lied on embodiment to validate concepts, as well as analyzing impact with the previously created diaper impact model. Implementing low-fidelity prototypes combined with the numerical approach of the model proved to deliver time efficient insights and results.
Results
The result of this project is a user-tested, new diaper system, that potentially reduces the CO₂ emission with 63% and the water use with 18%. The product combines three approaches of making a diaper more sustainable: reusing parts, reducing material use and changing the material composition to biobased materials. The final concept reuses parts of the diaper that most often do not get dirty in use. It combines this with separating day and night capacity of absorbency. The final step taken in this concept is the material composition, which is changed to be almost completely biobased. By being both reusable as well as disposable the diaper stays close to the convenience level parents of today count on, giving them an alternative that is more sustainable without having to compromise on convenience. The end result is a biobased and reusable and disposable diaper system stripped of all unnecessary material, that reduces environmental impact without compromising the user experience.
The healthcare sector is one of the most polluting sectors in the Netherlands. To limit the environmental impact of the medical sector, Erasmus MC collaborated with Metabolic to conduct a Material Flow Analysis (MFA) and Impact Assessment for the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). The research revealed the hotspots of the ICU, contributing to this polluting sector. Based on the hotspots The Convergence, a cooperation between the Erasmus University, Erasmus MC, and TU Delft have set up the first three design projects.
Project aim
This graduation project aimed to make a start towards greener ICUs. In the ICU care is delivered to critically ill patients. The number of gloves used is high because of the intensity of care and high standards. Due to its resource-intensive production and frequency of use, the use of nitrile disposable gloves was found as a hotspot. The question to be answered was; How could the environmental impact of gloves in the ICU be reduced, while remaining quality of care? Research
Extensive research is done with different focuses; product-centred, human-centred and material centred. Furthermore, the waste from the PICU was analysed for one week. The research revealed the importance of the procurement department and the Unit Infection Prevention.
Design direction
Together with the nursing staff, it was decided to go for the design direction of reducing the number of unused gloves. The scope was set to the current situation in the ICU and the idea should be implementable in the short term. The research resulted in five building blocks for the design that need to be incorporated; (1) infection prevention, (2) zero-risk, (3) ease of use, (4) efficiency and (5) technology.
Ideation
Ideation was done by involving people in creative sessions. Restrictions were excluded in the creative sessions, to come up with a wide range of ideas. Three ideas were chosen based on their short-term implementation possibility and incorporation of the building blocks. The ideas were presented to the Green Team of the ICU and it was decided to go on with an addition of the current box and applying a different way of dispensing gloves.
Prototyping and testing
Prototypes were made to quickly verify the functioning of the ideas. While testing the prototypes, iterations were applied. A user evaluation was performed and resulted in a preference for the vertical dispensing design.
Final design
The final design is GloVe, a vertical dispense system. By incorporating the five building blocks, the design can provide benefits for multiple stakeholders. It reduces the environmental impact of gloves in the ICU by dispensing one glove at a time. Furthermore, the gloves are dispensed at the cuff, which comes in little contact with the patient. The vertical movement is pleasant to the user. The use of colour for different sizes makes it clear to the care assistant which box should go in which holder. Also, nurses will see at a glance, which size gloves they are dispensing. The small V-shaped opening makes the undesirable behaviour, of placing gloves back, almost impossible.
Transformation towards greener ICUs The design thinking approach has yielded a design, insights, and recommendations for subsequent projects. Furthermore, the project has drawn a lot of attention to making healthcare more sustainable. The project has been a necessary start towards more sustainable ICUs.","Personal Protection equipment; Gloves; Sustainability; Healthcare; Medisign","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design | Medisign","",""
"uuid:69a62bc8-8ce9-4f15-bbbf-1449949c5a20","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:69a62bc8-8ce9-4f15-bbbf-1449949c5a20","The Application of a Composite Sandwich Design for the Undershield of a Structural Automotive REESS","Schmetz, Toine (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Bergsma, O.K. (mentor); Alderliesten, R.C. (graduation committee); Sinke, J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","To reduce greenhouse gas emissions, electrification is the biggest trend in the current-day automotive industry. In this transition, important topics are efficiency and weight reduction. This study focuses on the application of composite materials for the undershield of an automotive rechargeable energy storage system (REESS). In this application, the undershield forms the structural floor of a battery enclosure. The goal of the research was to determine if the homologation and safety demands for the undershield can be met with a composite-dominant design. Additionally, the goal was to determine if such a design can result in mass, cost, and emissions improvements compared to current metallic designs. Based on European and Chinese homologation documents, SAE standards, and demands by Volvo Cars, a set of relevant requirements was constructed. Based on these requirements, a sandwich design proposal was done and potentially suitable materials were identified. Multiple material configurations for the design were then verified based on the driving requirements. Lastly, a performance comparison was done of the mass, cost, and CO¬2 emissions of each configuration. The results indicate that it is feasible to meet the homologations and safety demands for the undershield of an automotive REESS with a composite sandwich design. Using polyester or phenolic glass fiber SMC for the top face of the sandwich can provide a successful fire protection barrier. PET foam was identified as a low emissions core material for improved impact protection in combination with steel or PP GMT bottom plate. Additionally, lower costs and emissions can be offered with steel configurations compared to current metallic designs. Alternatively, PP GMT configurations offer mass and emissions reductions. All in all, the research has succeeded in demonstrating the potential of composite or hybrid designs for the application in an automotive REESS for the improvement of mass, cost, and/or greenhouse gas emissions.","REESS; Automotive; composites; impact; Fire; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2027-02-02","","","","Aerospace Engineering","",""
"uuid:8b32e25f-e78c-4db4-9843-a7e8bb0cc0f8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8b32e25f-e78c-4db4-9843-a7e8bb0cc0f8","How to support Gen-Y consumers to start investing sustainably","Brons, Segher Brons (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Lloyd, P.A. (mentor); Mugge, R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Investing has become a hot topic among the younger generation since the Covid-19 crisis. However, much of its potential is still unused, as seen in a big group of the younger generation which is positive to start but procrastinates this decision. While this younger generation would like to make a positive impact with their money on the environment of the planet earth, the existing investing propositions aren’t helping them with that sustainable mission.
In this thesis, I researched how Rabobank can help this group of young non-investors start investing, but with a sustainable focus. Creating a win-win situation for the non-investor who gets motivated to start investing consciously while at the same time helping them to fulfil their sustainable ambitions.","Social Investing; Gen-Y; Sustainability; Gamification","en","master thesis","","","","","","To access the showcase use the following link: https://xd.adobe.com/view/1adcd6dd-4439-42e3-99e2-accc30bcbe44-4f8f/?fullscreen","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:8d1e695c-c3ad-4e08-84dc-b460d2d1af64","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8d1e695c-c3ad-4e08-84dc-b460d2d1af64","Towards shared refrigeration in Dutch industrial parks","Littel, Willem-Jon (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Quist, J.N. (mentor); van de Kaa, G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Refrigeration is an important aspect of the industrial world. As worldwide demand for it is growing while environmental issues are being increasingly addressed by regulations, the call for more sustainable practices in the refrigeration fields becomes louder and louder. Currently, refrigeration systems are mostly fragmented, each business having its own set of equipment. This brings along several drawbacks, such as inadequate maintenance, absence of waste heat reusal, high investment costs, and a tendency of especially SMEs to prefer installations with synthetic refrigerants which are cheaper to acquire, but which are more harmful to the environment in case of leakage, and less efficient in operation.
A solution can be sought in “shared refrigeration systems”, a form of utility sharing and industrial symbiosis where a central refrigeration plant distributes cold refrigerant via a network of piping to individual companies. This concept has been poorly explored, and the current research aims to investigate the barriers and enablers that are in place for a potential implementation of this shared refrigeration technology among SMEs in Dutch industrial parks, as well as to investigate how the barriers can be overcome. The research is guided by the research question: “How can the implementation of shared refrigeration among SMEs in Dutch industrial parks be facilitated?”. Data was collected by means of explorative semi-structured interviews (N=13). A preparatory round of interviews (N=3) was added to create a consolidation of the shared refrigeration concept as a reference to ensure the quality of the main interview round.
The results show that there is a range of barriers in place for an implementation of shared refrigeration in Dutch industrial parks: (i) a funding gap in the initiation phase, (ii) the long investment horizon, (iii) uncertainty due to a lack of financial and sustainable assessments, (iv) lack of prior experiences, (v) incapability of local business associations, (vi) inadequate information sharing, (vii) a lack of public awareness, (viii) a fear of being dependent, (ix) a fear of competitive threats, (x) scarcity of implementation opportunities, (xi) strict policies for complementary systems, and (xii) businesses having a short-term focus. Enablers that were identified are: (i) the currently favorable policy climate, (ii) congestion problems in the electricity network, (iii) the currently favorable investment climate, and (iv) active knowledge sharing by governments and consultancy firms.
The research has led to the conclusion that the implementation of shared refrigeration among SMEs in Dutch industrial parks can be facilitated by combined efforts of governments, businesses and academia. Facilitation strategies include conducting scans for opportunity identification, conducting business case analysis to come to financial and sustainable ramifications, closing the funding gap in the initiation phase, disseminating experiences from similar projects, and setting up and/or strengthening the capabilities of local business associations through knowledge sharing and creating partnerships with governments, consultancy companies and research and education institutions. A short overview of the most relevant barriers and strategies to overcome them can be found in Table 6.6.","Shared Refrigeration; Utility Sharing; Industrial Symbiosis; SME; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:1ad9cddd-fbc7-49d6-92dc-2771740d589f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ad9cddd-fbc7-49d6-92dc-2771740d589f","KaDEr | rEflectie: Eindrapportage KaDEr Gelderland project | fase 1 en 2 | 2017 - 2021","Zijlstra, H. (TU Delft Heritage & Design); Quist, W.J. (TU Delft Heritage & Technology); Nijhuis, S. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); Clarke, Nicholas (TU Delft Heritage & Design)","","2022","Final report of the research project KaDEr","KaDEr; heritage; landscape; conservation; Sustainability","nl","report","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Design","","",""
"uuid:1df27396-664d-4646-9509-38e7973c890a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1df27396-664d-4646-9509-38e7973c890a","Slim Skins: Building a new glazed facade system","Foolen de Oliveira, Barbara (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology)","Overend, M. (mentor); Bergsma, A.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Glass has been around for four thousand years and its demand to be used in facades has been increasing ever since. The appeal of a glazed facade is the transparency factor which can connect inside and outside environments without losing the protection a facade provides against the elements. Nowadays the glazed facades that have high transparency tend to be inefficient due to it being time-consuming to design, as it needs a lot of customization, and to produce and assemble on site. Other glazed options deal with the same issues, however, they do not provide the same amount of transparency. To address this gap in the market, this research will look into possibilities to achieve higher transparency in a unitized facade system. The first thing to establish in this research is the requirements with which the facade panel must comply. These can be arranged into five categories, transparency, unitized system, maintenance, sustainability, and design for practice, which includes structure, movement, tolerances, safety, thermal, and water- and air-tightness. Next, a provisional detail was created by using two projects as inspiration for its structural concept as they were examples of a two-sided support system and of how to use composite action to achieve a slimmer profile. With this detail, a reliable structural finite element model could be built to facilitate further analyses. The last steps of this research focused on investigative design. This uses variations of the provisional detail design to get an understanding of what aspects influence each other and how each performance compares against the set requirements. From these analyses, it was concluded that to achieve a highly transparent, unitized facade system the composite action between the glass panels and the mullion is crucial. Furthermore, having the mullion sandwiched between the glass not only provides a better composite action but is also the visually most pleasing option as it has little variety of materials shown on the surface. Even though the final design settled on, is considered the best option in this study, it nevertheless has some challenges. One of these challenges is the use of adhesives, as it can have a negative effect on the sustainability aspect regarding the endof- life. Another complication can appear when looking at the proportions between the glass panels and the mullion. The mullion is quite small compared to the glass and thus making it an intricate process when assembling.","Facade Design; Composite action; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:59bcc655-8c2c-4064-a8a2-831dc00bb740","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:59bcc655-8c2c-4064-a8a2-831dc00bb740","A Recipe for Sustainable Living: An Architectural Recipe for Nudging Towards Pro-Environmental Behavior in Housing","Westerink, Danny (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Kupers, T.W. (mentor); Adema, F. (mentor); Kockelkorn, A.M. (mentor); van der Putt, P.S. (mentor); Chan, P.W.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The rapid change in climate change and negative impact on the natural environment is attributable to human behavior. The current demands on nature are compromising the well-being of humanity’s future and putting the existence of mankind at risk. The current unsustainable way of living can be changed into a more desired, sustainable lifestyle by using the concept of nudging as well as creating a supportive environment for eliciting pro-environmental behavior. Since current studies on nudging and its potential for sustainable behavior are mostly focusing on the policy-making process or small aspects in the built environment, this project explores the role of nudging in changing behavior towards sustainable living in architecture. Therefore, this report addresses the following primary research question: What is the role of nudging in changing behavior towards sustainable household behavior in architecture?
The project explores how sustainable buildings are able to act as a supportive environment for shaping pro-environmental behavior, by integrating a Comprehensive Model for Nudging towards Sustainable Household Behavior in Architecture. This framework describes the role of architecture that, together with three other interdependent variables, affect the development of sustainable household behavior. In this framework, the role of nudging, and the positioning of nudging within the wider framework becomes salient. Accordingly, this model is used to create a dwelling complex in Merwe Vierhaven, Rotterdam, that provides this new way of living that ensures liveable, affordable, and sustainable housing.","Nudging; Choice-Architecture; Human behavior; Sustainable Living; Sustainability; Pro-environmental behaviour","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Dwelling","AR3AD100 ADVANCED HOUSING DESIGN","51.910915, 4.419675"
"uuid:8e323b30-018a-4e7c-843d-04ac5814f924","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8e323b30-018a-4e7c-843d-04ac5814f924","Engineering Systems Design: A Look to the Future","Maier, Anka (Technical University of Denmark; University of Strathclyde); Oehmen, Josef (Technical University of Denmark); Vermaas, P.E. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology)","Maier, Anja (editor); Oehmen, Josef (editor); Vermaas, Pieter E. (editor)","2022","Engineering Systems Design is an emerging perspective with a growing community. The preceding chapters in the Handbook of Engineering Systems Design presented the engineering systems perspective, models for describing and methods for designing interventions in engineering systems, as well as reflections on the use of those methods and upcoming practice, educational and policy challenges. In this chapter, we are taking a look at the future of Engineering Systems Design. We start by highlighting productivity, sustainability and resilience as three societal objectives, and proceed to discuss critical paradoxes we must address through engineering systems interventions: providing a high standard of living for everyone, without paying the environmental price; a fast minimisation and mitigation of climate change without taking risks; and the challenge of global transformations respecting local needs. We continue to discuss what we consider three critical engineering systems design capabilities we must develop to resolve these paradoxes: the ability to manage systems requirements at societal scale; the development of scale-covariant engineering systems; and mastering connectability. We conclude the chapter with a call to action for researchers, practitioners and policy makers to advance theory, design methods and tools, and stakeholder outreach development to strengthen our engineering systems design capabilities.","Capabilities; Design; Engineering Systems Design; Future Developments; Paradoxes; Resilience; Sustainability","en","book chapter","Springer Nature","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Ethics & Philosophy of Technology","","",""
"uuid:d8b8bb47-4d77-4af9-be9c-1764a08fee18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d8b8bb47-4d77-4af9-be9c-1764a08fee18","Altered spaces: new ways of seeing and envisioning nature with Minecraft","McNally, Brenda (Dublin City University); de Andrade, Bruno (TU Delft Heritage & Values)","","2022","The climate crisis has inspired youth-led activism across the world and young people now lead global campaigns and political protest on climate justice. However, aside from news media coverage of youth activism and the attendant focus on young people’s hand-drawn protest placards, relatively little is known about young people’s views on the actions needed to respond to the climate crisis or how they imagine environmentally-sustainable futures. This visual essay addresses that lacuna by exploring young people’s ideas about local climate actions. The images selected for consideration were created using Minecraft, the 3D block-building visualisation game, at workshops held in Ireland. Young people and their families were invited to create environmentally-sustainable futures at Minecraft workshops. Exploring these 3D designs as images, the essay documents young people’s visual representations of desirable climate actions and reflects on these Minecraft images to shed light on how young people envision alternative climate futures. These collective visions, or climate imaginaries, are powerful indicators of what young people imagine is possible in the future. In doing so, they present an alternative to the mainstream news and entertainment media preoccupation with dystopian constructions of the climate crisis. They also highlight the power of Minecraft as a visual medium to open up new ways of seeing nature and of envisioning nature-society relations. The selected images were also exhibited as part of the CLIMATE Look Lab 2022 held at the Open Eye Gallery, Liverpool. The gallery invited researchers, community groups and artists to use the gallery as a lab space to engage visitors with our changing environment and to explore how images can change the visual narrative on climate change.","Minecraft; Nature; Climate Change; Youth Engagement; Sustainability; Geogames; Visualisation; visual culture; Game and simulations; game-based learning; Gameful design","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Values","","",""
"uuid:0dd836b3-87d6-4e3d-b706-296d1e1062a1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0dd836b3-87d6-4e3d-b706-296d1e1062a1","Assessing and Modelling Climate Optimal Flights Using Open Surveillance and Remote Sensing Data","Roosenbrand, E.J. (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Sun, Junzi (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Dedoussi, I.C. (TU Delft Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects); Stam, D.M. (TU Delft Astrodynamics & Space Missions); Hoekstra, J.M. (TU Delft Control & Simulation)","Lovell, Dave (editor)","2022","Sustainability is the biggest challenge facing the aerospace industry today. With the global number of flights expected to rise, the climate impact of aviation will continue to increase. Current research states that the rerouting of aircraft through wind-optimisation for the purpose of fuel usage minimisation and emission reduction is an effective sustainability contribution. However, these routing models only optimize for minimum fuel burn, not necessarily minimum climate impact. Flying efficiently through wind fields could mean flying through regions with higher climate impact, for example, where warming contrails are formed. This potentially forfeits the advantage of the reduced emissions from the wind-optimized route. By bringing together fields such as satellite remote sensing, atmospheric science and aircraft surveillance data, a climate optimized free routing model can be made. This paper creates a climate optimized free routing airspace model by incorporating knowledge from the aforementioned fields and existing wind-optimization models with AI and open-source tools.","Sustainability; Remote Sensing; Atmospheric Science; OpenSky; Aircraft Surveillance Data; AI; Contrails","en","conference paper","FAA & Eurocontrol","","","","","","","","","","Control & Simulation","","",""
"uuid:e6b7a63d-25da-4c6d-8ede-bb0600f3426d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e6b7a63d-25da-4c6d-8ede-bb0600f3426d","Digital Government and the Circular Economy: Towards an Analytical Framework","Medaglia, Rony (Copenhagen Business School); Rukanova, B.D. (TU Delft Information and Communication Technology); Tan, Y. (TU Delft Information and Communication Technology)","Hagen, Loni (editor); Solvak, Mihkel (editor); Hwang, Sungsoo (editor)","2022","Circular economy is high on the political agenda, with governments at all levels setting ambitious goals to move away from traditional linear production models, where goods are used and disposed as waste, towards a future with less use of virgin raw materials, and where valuable materials at a product end-of-life are returned as raw materials or in an environmentally-friendly way to the biosphere. While circular economy is gaining a lot of attention on a policy level, the role that digital government can play to facilitate the circular economy transition is largely unexplored. We carry out a review of existing literature in the fields of digital government and Information Systems (IS) to identify the roles played by digital government in the circular economy. Based on an analysis of 54 empirical research articles, we identify foci and gaps in relation to the different types of roles played by government (nodality, authority, treasure, and organization), to stages of the Product Life Cycle (preuse, in-use, and post-use), and to types of digital technology focused on. Based on these findings, we present an analytical framework to guide future research on digital government in relation to the circular economy, and exemplify the use of the framework drawing on examples from circular economy initiatives in the automotive industry.","Circular Economy; Digital Government; Sustainability","en","conference paper","Digital Government Society","","","","","","","","","","Information and Communication Technology","","",""
"uuid:787a0ebf-07ea-4fea-8cf3-4c52003129b5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:787a0ebf-07ea-4fea-8cf3-4c52003129b5","Guidelines to Foster Consumer Acceptance of Products Made from Recycled Plastics","Polyportis, A. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research); Magnier, L.B.M. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research); Mugge, R. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research; TU Delft Design, Organisation and Strategy)","","2022","The circular economy can reduce the environmental footprint of today’s consumption and close the resource loop through circular material flows. Companies are encouraged to fol- low circular principles, such as using more recycled plastic materials. This initiative seems promising; however, it will only be successful if consumers are willing to adopt productsthat are made from recycled plastics. Consumers often have a positive image of products made from recycled plastics; however, they are also concerned about the perceived product risks. How can companies increase the appeal of recycled plastics to consumers? In this paper, we propose a set of seven guidelines intended to highlight the value of products
made from recycled plastics, tackle any perceived risks, and thereby enhance consumer acceptance of such products. Specifically, we highlight how aspects related to product design, marketing elements and business models, can increase consumer evaluations and adoption of products made from recycled plastics. The proposed guidelines provide future directions that could be inspiring for both academics and managers interested in the topics of consumer behaviour, circular economy, and sustainability","Products made from recycled plastics; Circular economy; Guidelines; Sustainability; Design; Consumer acceptance","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Design, Organisation and Strategy","Marketing and Consumer Research","","",""
"uuid:ebbfd086-fef1-4ee6-a19e-45f1a3240db3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ebbfd086-fef1-4ee6-a19e-45f1a3240db3","Circular material flow in the intensive care unit—environmental effects and identification of hotspots","Hunfeld, Nicole (Erasmus MC); Diehl, J.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability); Timmermann, Maarten (Erasmus MC); van Exter, Pieter (Metabolic Institute, Amsterdam); Bouwens, Joris (Metabolic Institute, Amsterdam); Browne-Wilkinson, Savanna (Metabolic Institute, Amsterdam); de Planque, Nine (Erasmus MC); Gommers, D.A.M.P.J. (Erasmus MC)","","2022","Purpose: The healthcare sector is responsible for 6–7% of CO2 emissions. The intensive care unit (ICU) contributes to these CO2 emissions and a shift from a linear system to a circular system is needed. The aim of our research was to perform a material flow analysis (MFA) in an academic ICU. Secondary aims were to obtain information and numbers on mass, carbon footprint, agricultural land occupation and water usage and to determine so-called “environmental hotspots” in the ICU. Methods: A material flow analysis was performed over the year 2019, followed by an environmental footprint analysis of materials and environmental hotspot identification. Results: 2839 patients were admitted to our ICU in 2019. The average length of stay was 4.6 days. Our MFA showed a material mass inflow of 247,000 kg in 2019 for intensive care, of which 50,000 kg is incinerated as (hazardous) hospital waste. The environmental impact per patient resulted in 17 kg of mass, 12 kg CO2 eq, 300 L of water usage and 4 m2 of agricultural land occupation per day. Five hotspots were identified: non-sterile gloves, isolation gowns, bed liners, surgical masks and syringes (including packaging). Conclusion: This is the first material flow analysis that identified environmental risks and its magnitude in the intensive care unit.","Circular economy; Environmental hotspots; Intensive care unit; Material flow analysis; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:edae6ce7-e633-44d3-99f4-f2f2f0ce0193","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:edae6ce7-e633-44d3-99f4-f2f2f0ce0193","Examining Contrail Formation Models with Open Flight and Remote Sensing Data","Roosenbrand, E.J. (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Sun, Junzi (TU Delft Control & Simulation); Hoekstra, J.M. (TU Delft Control & Simulation)","","2022","One of the biggest challenges facing the aerospace industry today is its sustainability. As the number of flights is expected to rise globally, aviation’s climate impact will continue to increase. Current research has extensively addressed the rerouting of aircraft through wind-optimization in order to minimize fuel burn and emissions. Such optimization is currently implemented for flight planning. Although this strategy is optimized for fuel burn and emissions, it does not necessarily minimize the overall climate impact. Navigating optimally through wind fields could mean flying through regions with a higher climate impact, where warming contrails are formed. This can occur when contrails trap outgoing terrestrial radiation and so contribute to global warming. This warming contrail creation could potentially forfeit the climate gain of the reduced emissions from the wind-optimized route. In order to implement such a climate-optimized routing model, knowledge about the atmospheric conditions under which contrails form is required. One existing theorem is the Schmidt-Appleman Criterion, which uses the air temperature, relative humidity and ambient air pressure to determine whether contrail formation is possible. In addition, the ice-supersaturation criterion model indicates contrail persistence. In this paper, multiple open data sources are used to examine the use of this established criterion, to evaluate the appropriateness of these data sources for future use in a climate-optimized routing model. Based on the obtained results, we show that, with these data sources, the combination of Schmidt-Appleman and the ice-supersaturation criterion can produce a more reliable determination of contrail formation. The results can be used for an improved unified and data-driven model for the purposes of climate-optimized routing.","Sustainability; Contrails; Remote Sensing; Atmospheric Science; OpenSky; Aircraft Surveillance Data","en","conference paper","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-05-10","","","Control & Simulation","","",""
"uuid:243a755c-23d8-423c-9ac7-09eb0e9e6a48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:243a755c-23d8-423c-9ac7-09eb0e9e6a48","An exploratory study using graphic design to communicate consumer benefits on food packaging","Schifferstein, Hendrik N.J. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics); Lemke, M. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics); de Boer, Alie (Universiteit Maastricht)","","2022","Commercial food packages may contain multiple messages. Packaging designers try to integrate all messages into a coherent design. Designers may use text, images or stylistic features, but these mediums may differ in their suitability to communicate specific product benefits. To evaluate the usefulness and effectiveness of these three mediums, we not only obtained consumer evaluations of packaging designs, but we also monitored the designer's experience during the design process. For three products (orange juice, muesli bar, plain yogurt) we created three consistent packaging designs communicating a single benefit through all three mediums, which was either a [1] health, [2] environmental, or [3] production, sensory or social claim. Subsequently, we developed inconsistent packages communicating three different messages through the three mediums. In an online survey, each of the 18 package variants was evaluated by 59–92 participants. Dummy regression analysis suggested that verbal claims had positive effects in communicating healthiness and environmental friendliness but elicited a negative tendency for sensory properties. The images we used indicated a positive effect for communicating worker conditions, but a negative effect for healthiness. Our stylistic elements suggested a positive effect for sensory appeal, but tended to have negative effects for environmental aspects. As regards designer dilemmas, we noticed that some images (e.g., in the medical domain) required specific graphic styles to make them acceptable for commercial use. Our findings suggest that consumers can handle multiple packaging messages, but finding an optimal configuration remains a design challenge.","Food design; Health; Image perception; Packaging; Sustainability; Verbal claims","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:97e3b050-6d7f-484a-a61f-aabb88812215","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:97e3b050-6d7f-484a-a61f-aabb88812215","Towards the long term implementation of real time control of combined sewer systems: A review of performance and influencing factors","van der Werf, Job (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Kapelan, Z. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Langeveld, J.G. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Partners4UrbanWater)","","2022","Real Time Control (RTC) is widely accepted as a cost-effective way to operate urban drainage systems (UDS) effectively. However, what factors influence RTC efficacy and how this might change in the long term remains largely unknown. This paper reviews the literature to understand what these factors likely are, and how they can be assessed in the future. Despite decades of research, inconsistent definitions of the performance of RTC are used, hindering an objective and quantitative examination of the benefits and drawbacks of different control strategies with regard to their performance and robustness. Furthermore, a discussion on the changes occurring and projected to occur to UDS reveals that the potential impact of these changes on the functioning of RTC systems can be significant and should be considered in the design stage of the RTC strategy. Understanding this 'best-before' characteristic of an RTC strategy is the key step to ensure long term optimal functioning of the UDS. Additionally, unexplored potential for RTC systems might exist in the transitions, rehabilitation and construction of drainage systems. The research gaps highlighted here could guide the way for further development of RTC strategies, and enabling more optimal, long term implementation of RTC for urban drainage systems.","Adaptability; Longevity; Real-time control; Robustness; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:58e2b350-43bb-49a2-9be2-06a301336b6f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:58e2b350-43bb-49a2-9be2-06a301336b6f","Harmony in Design: A Synthesis of Literature from Classical Philosophy, the Sciences, Economics, and Design","Lomas, J.D. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics); Xue, H. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics)","","2022","Classical theories of harmony have been used to explain phenomena like beauty, happiness, health, virtue, pleasure, peace, and even ecological sustainability. With the intent of making these theories more accessible to designers, this article reviews the conception of harmony from about 500 BCE to the present. It begins with a brief overview of harmony in classical Chinese and Greek philosophy. Then it examines the role of harmony in the renaissance, the scientific revolution, and the early modern period across topics in aesthetics, ethics, physics, politics, and economics. Finally, turning to the 20th century, this article highlights the conceptual function of harmony in psychology, neuroscience, computer science, and design. This synthesis concludes with a review of applications and implications for contemporary designers. An essential conclusion of this article is that harmony involves the integration of diversity into a greater whole; harmony is not pure agreement or “sameness.” Overall, we suggest that classical principles of harmony might serve as a theoretical framework to help designers develop a more sustainable and vibrant vision of the future.","AI for well-being; Design aesthetics; Design for values; Design philosophy; Future studies; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:b1e16d26-48e4-4ec9-aad1-f9f1288f1c0b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b1e16d26-48e4-4ec9-aad1-f9f1288f1c0b","Frugal innovation and sustainability outcomes: findings from a systematic literature review","De Marchi, Valentina (Università degli Studi di Padova); Pineda-Escobar, Maria A. (Institucion Universitaria Politecnico Grancolombiano, Bogota; Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam); Howell, R.J. (TU Delft Economics of Technology and Innovation; PharmAccess Foundation, Amsterdam); Verheij, Michelle (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam); Knorringa, Peter (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam)","","2022","Purpose: Advance the state-of-the-art on how frugal innovation links to sustainability outcomes and based on content analysis of empirical publications in the field of frugal innovation, analyzing when and how FI is connected with social, environmental and economic outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative content analysis on empirical papers published on frugal innovation, using data visualization techniques to disclose relationships among the constructs adopted. Materials were collected following a step-wise methodology. In total, 130 articles were identified, read in depth and coded according to five main categories: context; development; implementation, adoption, diffusion; characteristics; and impacts. Findings: The potential of frugal innovation to drive sustainability outcomes is influenced by the type of actors developing the innovation, regarding their organizational form (large firms, small firms, non-firm actors), their geographical origin (foreign or local) or motivations (mostly profit-motivated or socially-oriented). Collaboration plays a key role along the various stages of the frugal innovation cycle and is thus relevant for its potential to drive sustainability outcomes. The results reaffirm the need for greater attention to where and when sustainability-enhancing outcomes of frugal innovation are more likely to occur. Originality/value: This study provides a qualitative study based on content analysis of empirical studies to explore the associations between frugal innovations and improved economic, environmental and social sustainability outcomes. The key novelty of this study lies in the systematic coding of each paper regarding the features of the innovation, the innovators, and the outcomes achieved. This allows taking stock of the evidence emerging in such a scattered literature, quantifying the extent to which insights take place in the empirical literature, looking for correlations, and highlight research gaps to understand to what extent frugal innovation can contribute to sustainable development.","Base of the pyramid; Environmental otucome; Frugal innovation; Literature review; Social outcome; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Economics of Technology and Innovation","","",""
"uuid:33d61dfe-ec9f-46bf-9bc1-f9afff52c431","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:33d61dfe-ec9f-46bf-9bc1-f9afff52c431","Making waves in resilience: Drawing lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic for advancing sustainable development","van der Voorn, Tom (University of Osnabrück); van den Berg, Caroline (World Bank); Quist, J.N. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Kok, Kasper (Wageningen University & Research)","","2022","The current COVID-19 pandemic has affected societies across the world while its economic impact has cut deeper than any recession since the Second World War. Climate change is potentially an even more disruptive and complex global challenge. Climate change could cause social and economic damage far larger than that caused by COVID-19. The current pandemic has highlighted the extent to which societies need to prepare for disruptive global environmental crises. Although the dynamics of combating COVID-19 and climate change are different, the priorities for action are the same: behavioral change, international cooperation to manage shared challenges, and technology's role in advancing solutions. For a sustainable recovery from the COVID-19 crisis to be durable and resilient, a return to ‘business as usual’ and the subsequent often environmentally destructive economic activities must be avoided as they have significantly contributed to climate change. To avoid this, we draw lessons from the experiences of the waves of the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond to advance sustainable development.","Climate change; Covid-19; Pandemic recovery; Resilience; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:4b02c37a-26e4-4db3-b994-d97bfb6dacb0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b02c37a-26e4-4db3-b994-d97bfb6dacb0","Building passport for the sustainable conservation of built heritage","Gonçalves, Joana (TU Delft Heritage & Technology; University of Minho); Mateus, Ricardo (University of Minho); Dinis Silvestre, José (University of Lisbon); Pereira Roders, A. (TU Delft Heritage & Values); Bragança, Luís (University of Minho)","","2022","Purpose: This research presents the development of a Building Passport for Sustainable Conservation (BPSC) as a questionnaire with a set of 23 core indicators, for a baseline assessment of heritage buildings. The aim of this tool is to identify priorities for future interventions, by recognising the contributions of heritage buildings to sustainability that should be preserved and the fragilities that need to be improved. Design/methodology/approach: The BPSC uses a selection of core indicators for sustainability observable on heritage buildings. It was applied to four different case studies of modern heritage in the Netherlands, to verify its applicability and limitations. Findings: The results suggest that this tool has the potential to contribute to an expedite assessment, reaching consensual evaluations of priorities for sustainable conservation, while reducing the time and cost of the process, contributing to support informed redesign decisions. Originality/value: Recently, existing building sustainability assessment (BSA) tools have been adapted and new BSA tools developed for heritage buildings. Some tools target existing buildings, but seldom cover cultural significance and heritage values. Others target the after-redesign situations – aiming at assessing how sustainable the redesign is. Often BSA tools are complex and time-consuming, with extensive indicators and data requirements. The BPSC developed in this research covers the main aspects of sustainability and related heritage values, in a simpler tool for a baseline assessment.","Building passport; Built environment; Conservation; Heritage; Sustainability; Sustainability assessment","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Technology","","",""
"uuid:7e409725-f067-4c2c-82c0-0e536bff9daa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e409725-f067-4c2c-82c0-0e536bff9daa","A transport justice approach to integrating vulnerable road users with automated vehicles","Martínez-Buelvas, Laura (Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar; Queensland University of Technology); Rakotonirainy, Andry (Queensland University of Technology); Grant-Smith, Deanna (Queensland University of Technology); Oviedo-Trespalacios, O. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science; Queensland University of Technology)","","2022","Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are expected to revolutionise transport worldwide and transform urban life. However, there are many unknowns concerning the impacts of these technologies in terms of sustainability, justice, and safety. It has been suggested that CAVs may exacerbate inequities and safety disparities concerning the interaction of vulnerable road users (VRUs) with motorised transport. This paper investigates the justice issues that CAVs policy needs to address concerning VRUs. Our approach to studying CAVs’ capabilities and their potential perverse outcomes uses transport justice as an evaluative framework. The justice-related outcomes discussed include: traffic injuries, impact on sharing road responsibilities, loss of on-street space, access to technology, inclusion for disabled and older adults, CAV technological development, and impact of congestion and air pollution. The paper proposes a future research agenda emphasising areas where CAVs may positively impact VRUs.","Connected and automated vehicles; Equity; Responsible risk management; Road safety; Sustainability; Transport justice","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Safety and Security Science","","",""
"uuid:b5880ed9-5d46-450b-8364-a9042c2e8861","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5880ed9-5d46-450b-8364-a9042c2e8861","Physical properties of wood-based materials for liquid deposition modeling","Rosenthal, Michael (Technische Universität Dresden); Rüggeberg, Markus (Technische Universität Dresden); Gerber, Christian (Technische Universität Dresden); Beyrich, Lukas (Technische Universität Dresden); Faludi, Jeremy (TU Delft Circular Product Design)","","2022","Purpose: The purpose of this study is to quantify the vertical shrinkage rates and the mechanical strength of three-dimensional (3D) printed parts for a variety of wood-based materials for liquid deposition modeling. Design/methodology/approach: The overall hypothesis was that a well-chosen combination of binders, fibers and fillers could reduce shrinkage in the Z dimension and increase compressive and flexural strength (DIN 52185, 52186). To test this assumption, eight sub-hypotheses were formulated. Mixtures of the ingredients were chosen in different ratios to measure the performance of prints. For time efficiency, an iterative heuristic approach was used – not testing all variations of all variables in even increments, but cutting off lines of testing when mixtures were clearly performing poorly. Findings: The results showed that some mixtures had high dimensional accuracy and strength, while others had neither, and others had one but not the other. Shrinkage of 3D printed objects was mainly caused by water release during drying. An increase of the wood as well as the cement, sand, salt and gypsum content led to reduced vertical shrinkage, which varied between 0 and 23%. Compressive and flexural strength showed mixed trends. An increase in wood and salt content worsened both strength properties. The addition of fibers improved flexural, and the addition of cement improved compression strength. The highest strength values of 14 MPa for compressive and 8 MPa for flexural strength were obtained in the test series with gypsum. Originality/value: This paper is an important milestone in the development of environmentally friendly materials for additive manufacturing. The potential of many ingredients to improve physical properties could be demonstrated.","Mechanical properties; Shrinkage; Sustainability; Wood","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:35097249-0fb6-40a6-931e-ec9446cb6946","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:35097249-0fb6-40a6-931e-ec9446cb6946","Bioreceptive Habitats: Engineering a bioreceptivity-oriented design strategy through digital and physical experimentation.","NTOUPAS, DIMITRIOS (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Așut, Serdar (mentor); Lubelli, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Bioreceptivity is a natural phenomenon that has been observed on building material for many years. Bioreceptivity is when materials are being colonized by one or more species of living organisms without necessarily going under biodeterioration. (Guillitte, 1995) Based on the literature, bioreceptivity depends on three main factors: on climatic conditions, the topology of the colonized element and the material.
By considering these variables, this research focuses on engineering a workflow capable of supporting bioreceptivity-oriented design. More specifically, it investigates how computational performance analysis and optimization can support the integration of bioreceptive materials in customizable building elements, which could be produced by digital fabrication.
For research purposes, the research is split in two main parts which run in parallel. This research takes as a case study mosses, which generally cannot withstand high solar radiation and are dependent on water for their survival and reproduction.
The first part, investigates on a digital model, how surface topology modifications could improve bioreceptivity by reducing the solar radiation of a surface while directing water over them. This is approached by a script which examines through a case study, to what extent the solar radiation of a surface topology could be reduced through topological modifications and which factors influence it. Even if the average solar radiation of the case study was significantly reduced through an optimization process, it is not clear to what degree topology can contribute to the improvement of bioreceptivity because this fact can only be validated physically.
The second part, focuses on lime-based mortars and examines how their composition can affect bioreceptivity. Based on the literature, material properties like high water capacity, high water retention, permeability and high total porosity can benefit bioreceptivity. Four different lime-based mortars were tested, through laboratory experiments, seeking the relation between their water transport behavior and bioreceptivity. Grain size distribution in combination with binder to aggregate ratio are the main factors which influence mortars’ transport behavior. In order to observe the relation between their water transport behavior and bioreceptivity, a moss growth experiment was conducted in a controlled environment. The short timeframe of the experiment makes it difficult to draw definitive conclusions.
The methodology that was developed in these two parts, is finally attempted to be combined in a bioreceptivity-oriented design approach in order to express a new architectural vocabulary. Through a research-by-design approach, three design approaches are conceptualized, compared and prototyped, raising the potential of bioreceptive applications.","Bioreceptive; Bioreceptivity; Sustainability; Digital Fabrication; Mortar; lime-based mortars; Moss; Biophilic Design; Data-driven Approach; additive manufacturing","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology","",""
"uuid:dc7174c8-b5b2-4bfa-ad1a-84e499bfe52a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dc7174c8-b5b2-4bfa-ad1a-84e499bfe52a","Evaluating the sustainability of scenarios for port city development with Boussole21 method","Ghennaï, Amira (University F A Setif); Madani, Said (University F A Setif); Hein, C.M. (TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics)","","2022","This research aims to evaluate the sustainability of urban strategies in Skikda, a prehistoric, ancient, and Mediterranean port city of northeastern Algeria, known as by the Punic name Russicade. The port city of Skikda shows a diverse landscape of heritage sites and the industrial reality of a city, rich by its under-exploited cultural and tourist capacities. Nevertheless, the industrial port activities of the petrochemical refinery impose a state of urban vulnerability for the inhabitants and built, landscape, and natural heritage. The use of the open software Boussole21 of the ""Smart"" trend as a qualitative method allows assessment of decisions by the actors. The sustainability assessment (findings) shows that smart thinking contributes to the development of port performance and competitiveness in the international context.","Smart port cities; Assessment; Sustainability; Boussole21; Skikda; Algeria","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","History, Form & Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:d29cd0b8-251a-495f-bd03-71ba6182b339","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d29cd0b8-251a-495f-bd03-71ba6182b339","Thermal Energy Recovery from Drinking Water Systems: Assessing Water Quality and Downstream Temperature Effects","Moerman, Andreas (KWR Water Research Institute); van Bel, Nikki (KWR Water Research Institute); Oesterholt, Frank (KWR Water Research Institute); de Laat, Vincent (Brabant water); Blokker, E.J.M. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; KWR Water Research Institute)","Naddeo, Vincenzo (editor); Choo, Kwang-Ho (editor); Ksibi, Mohamed (editor)","2022","Climate change demands for sustainable options for heating and cooling of buildings. Low-temperature thermal energy can be abstracted from the drinking water distribution system (DWDS); this is called thermal energy from drinking water (TED). The possible use of TED as a secondary function of the DWDS raises the question whether this secondary function can exist alongside the primary function (supplying safe and reliable drinking water) and, if so, under what conditions. Using various cases, the potential downstream effects of TED related to drinking water temperature (and hence, downstream increase of cost and CO2emissions for water heating) and microbiological drinking water quality were studied.","Drinking water distribution; Sustainability; Thermal energy; Water quality","en","book chapter","Springer","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2023-07-01","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:5f7b820e-6298-438a-99df-6576407471d9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5f7b820e-6298-438a-99df-6576407471d9","What Does Building Green Mean in Port Cities?","De Martino, P. (TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics); Hanna, J.M.K. (TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics); Hein, C.M. (TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics)","","2022","This article explores the concept of ‘green’ in architecture and urban design through the lens of port cities. Due to global pressures such as climate change, energy transition and soil consumption the planning of port cities requires new scenarios for achieving equilibrium between nature and water systems. Despite the fact that the concept of green is widely shared in both academic and professional fields –who could possibly oppose green?– it can be argued that the concept is also widely misused and misunderstood. This article uses the “Building Green” TU Delft Architecture master’s elective course (academic year 2021/2022) designed and coordinated by Carola Hein as a starting point for a larger discussion of whether the term green is helpful for achieving sustainability in port cities and at what scale. The course analyzes the concept of sustainability through time, arguing that people built green “by necessity” before the industrial revolution and it explores contemporary attempts at building “green by desire”. Finally, it asks for approaches of building “green by design”. The course argues that these diverse approaches to building green and the contemporary needs of sustainability are highly relevant for port cities. It challenges students to analyze a port city in light of its sustainability practices and to develop scenarios for sustainability.","Green; Design; Education; History; Sustainability; Scenarios","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","History, Form & Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:16204a11-2d33-4b3c-a993-10a57b5d4297","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16204a11-2d33-4b3c-a993-10a57b5d4297","Analysing the implementation of the combination of ESG data, Big Data and AI within a financial institution, an explorative case study","Breeman, Max (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Rezaei, J. (graduation committee); Mouter, N. (mentor); Roosenboom-Kwee, Z. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Over the last few years, regulations, changes in governance, and societal pressure have led to a push to rethink a firms’ approach to sustainability. This push created a need to place sustainability and numerous relevant technologies and approaches at the centre of the firms’ decision-making process. Within the financial industry, the combination of novel data technologies such as Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) with the inclusion of sustainability, or so-called “ESG”, Environment, Social, and governance data spearpoint this new ‘sustainable’ frontier.
Literature shows that the implementation of the combination of ESG data, Big Data and AI, within a financial institution and as a corporate resource is a rather novel subject, with no directly related literature available. Thus, this thesis aims to address the topic of implementing ESG data, Big Data and AI within a financial institution. The main research question answered within this thesis is set out to explore this combination of sustainability data, also known as ESG data, Big Data and AI. This study aims to provide a starting point to fill this knowledge gap by creating novel theoretical propositions to be tested in future research. The following research question has been devised to address this research problem.
What observations can be extracted from assessing the introduction of a Big Data and AI toolset applying ESG data within a procedure?
The main research question is answered through the use of theoretical propositions. These novel theoretical propositions illustrate key observations made during the case study. For each proposition, future research directions are given. These propositions, thus, the answer to the main research question are:
- The perception within a firm of using Big Data and AI within a process could affect the learning rate and the learning approach taken by the user. This affects the acceptance of the technology. Thus, the perception could affect the adoption rate of Big Data and AI within a firm.
- If Big Data and AI are used within a process, people tend to be convinced by Big Data and AI used within the process, thus Big Data and AI can be used to convince people of the validity of the results of the process.
- If conferred management information is substantiated by an information process using Big Data and AI, then people do not have the tendency to acknowledge the inherent biases in such processes.
- If Big Data and AI are used within a process, data quality and source are perceived as of less importance.
- There could be causation between one's knowledge of Big Data and AI, and the perception of bias when assessing a process that uses Big Data and AI.
- ESG data is context-dependent, illustrating that a structured or unstructured approach to ESG data depends on the application of ESG data.
In this context, designers often try to improve the current situation by inventing and innovating greener solutions. However, sustainable design efforts are not enough, as long as we merely focus on innovations which keep exploiting resources, fill “sustainable” market niches, cause rebound effects and offset environmental gains. Given the urgency, we now need to focus more on mitigating the impact of existing unsustainable products.
This goes under the umbrella of exnovation. In recent years, the term has gained traction and is increasingly perceived as an essential element of sustainability transitions. It targets the removal or reduction of existing technologies, products, structures etc.
This graduation project aimed at exploring exnovation efforts in context of design.
The initial research phase focused on how designers can facilitate the exnovation of products in the most harmless way possible. Literature review showed that not only the environment itself should be taken into account, but designers must also persuade the users of products in order to achieve a lasting effect. Only when considering the consumer behavior and the product’s related practices, uses, and other interconnected aspects an exnovation can be successful. The research resulted in a compilation of several independent approaches, methods and leverage points for design action.
The second phase was an investigation of a real exnovation case. The removal of the charging adapter from the Apple iPhone box served as subject of an analysis. The study showed that users were not willing to give up the adapter for sustainability concerns for several reasons. Based on the findings and the previous research, several design interventions were developed that aimed at increasing the acceptance for exnovation. These interventions were tested with participants to inform the final design.
The final outcome is an online toolkit for designers. It walks the user through various factors to consider when exnovating a product. After the user answers a set of questions, the most suitable exnovation strategies are presented. These strategies emphasize design possibilities, considerations and give tips. In this way it does not only sensitize designers about the topic in general, but also inspire further steps for the particular product exnovation.","Sustainability; Exnovation; Customer Behaviour; Persuasive Design; Climate engagement; Climate Change; degrowth; Innovation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:cd8dc4d4-12f7-4267-bcdc-f355321dd6a8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cd8dc4d4-12f7-4267-bcdc-f355321dd6a8","Barilla Sustainable Farming: Implementing an educational framework to increase farmers’ application of sustainable practices","Schieppati, Gabriele (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Design, Organisation and Strategy)","Calabretta, G. (mentor); Willemen, A.M. (graduation committee); Ruini, L. F. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Dealing with agriculture is challenging for companies like Barilla because of several uncontrollable factors, such as climate change.
Purchasing from the spot market constitutes a high economical risk for the company, which decided, in 2010, to launch the Barilla Sustainable Farming Projects.
Barilla Sustainable Farming projects support and promote the adoption of more efficient and sustainable agricultural practices while increasing the economic advantages of farmers. Accordingly, farmers sign agricultural contracts with the company, that in exchange for the security to buy the product ask for sustainable practices' application.
The Barilla Sustainable Farming project spread throughout the Italian farmers successfully; then, the company decided to expand these sustainable projects abroad. One of the two scopes of this graduation project is to export the Barilla Sustainable Farming projects abroad to increase the number of contracted farmers further.
However, despite many contracted farmers, Barilla still faces a significant issue: the tools and the Sustainable Farming practices developed by the company are not understood and thus adopted by farmers holistically. The scenario creates relevancy for this graduation project that aimed to apply the design methodologies to find a creative solution.
Then, the problem is defined in exporting the Sustainable Farming projects abroad while convincing farmers to adopt the Sustainable Guidelines developed by the company.
The project started from in-depth research on the countries' agricultural systems where Barilla could export the Sustainable Farming Projects and passed through semi-structured interviews with farmers to gain insights on possible design directions to convince them to apply the sustainable practices.
Then, with a conjoint definition on the two pieces of research (one for each scope), the final design direction was defined: creating an educational framework that aims to create engagement, understanding, and participation on the Barilla Sustainable Guidelines. Accordingly, the solution is a platform that allows farmers to learn, via different activities, all the company's guidelines, which should be applied while cultivating.
In the end, in compliance with the educational model, the company's interest would be relevant in implementing the Barilla Sustainable Farming in countries with a rearward agricultural level. Therefore, the most relevant countries have a lower educational and technological level among the studied countries. Consequently, after developing the educational framework, namely how farmers should learn the guidelines, a roadmap has been developed for implementing the educational framework in two different countries: Turkey and Russia.
Besides the academic core of the project, the main goal is to create a creative direction to investigate new possibilities further to expand the Barilla Sustainable Projects abroad. Then, the primary aspiration of the project for an actual application would be to create inspiration to explore new possible strategies Barilla may consider in the future.","Sustainability; Sustainable agriculture; Roadmapping; Strategy development; Facilitation; Education","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:8b93748a-8c87-4082-bebe-e24e61869f58","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8b93748a-8c87-4082-bebe-e24e61869f58","Sustainability consult Irmão beach restaurant","Berenschot, Bastijn (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Blok, Jesse (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Gielen, Christiaan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hammecher, Simon (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Pierik, Laurens (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Miedema, S.A. (mentor); Rietveld, L.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Irmão is a beach restaurant located in the region of Lisbon in Portugal and has been taken over by the new owners one year ago. Since the takeover, the owners of Irmão have been trying to work in a sustainable way, but there is always room for improvement. In addition, Irmão may have to move 100 metres inland due to a possible change in local regulations. Because of the uncertainty in the course of events, this report is written as guideline in order to make the current restaurant more sustainable and as a guideline during the design of the new beach restaurant, should the restaurant have to be relocated.
The aim of the report is therefore to provide beach restaurant Irmão with a consult on how to establish and operate a more sustainable beach restaurant, in present or future times. The study, executed at Irmão, focused on three main themes; the water system, waste management and the energy system. The level of sustainability in these areas is quantified in three ways, namely: the use of resources such as fossil fuels and groundwater; the emission of greenhouse gases CO2, NOx and CH4; the pollution of the direct environment, for example waste that ends up in nature or polluted waste water that flows into the soil. The present and future times refer to the two different scenarios used to implement sustainable solutions. If the restaurant is allowed to stay at its current location, it is referred to as the Improved Irmão Scenario. If the location has to be changed, it is referred to as the Future Irmão Scenario. For the Improved Irmão Scenario, the boundaries and limits of the current restaurant are taken into account and the design is carried out within these limits. For the Future Irmão Scenario on the other hand, these limits are loosened and the design is carried out from scratch.
To provide Irmão with a consult how to establish and operate a more sustainable beach restaurant, three steps were taken. First, the current situation of the three subjects is analysed to get a clear understanding of the current situation. This is done to have a baseline against which the final improvements can be compared. Secondly, different solutions to make Irmão more sustainable, within the three main topics, are compared using a multi¬criteria analysis to determine the most promising solutions. Thirdly, the final solutions are elaborated for the Improved Irmão Scenario and for the Future Irmão Scenario.
Regarding the Water system, the analysis showed that the water consumed at Irmão partly originates from the water grid and partly from the borehole in the dunes. The water use is estimated to cause an emission of 182 kg CO2 annually, leaving little room for improvement in emission reduction as this is a relative low amount. However, the water system is currently not water-efficient because it does not contain any water circularity and the water system does not contain any water saving equipment. Improvements regarding water usage are therefore possible. Regarding waste management, the analysis showed that currently, only residual waste is not recycled. Therefore, the section on waste management focused on making residual waste more sustainable. Regarding the energy system of Irmão, it became clear from the analysis that Irmão currently consumes propane gas and electricity from the local electricity grid. Both the consumption of propane gas and electricity from the local grid contribute to an emission of 26.8 tonnes of CO2 annually. From all processes carried out during the operation of Irmão, only the consumption of propane gas leads to an emission of NOx, namely 382 kg NOx annually…","Sustainability; Beach restaurant; Irmão; Consultancy; Energy; Water; Waste","en","student report","","","","","","Multidisciplinary Project: Mechanical Engineering | Multi-Machine Engineering, Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering and Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","Multidisciplinary Project","38.6142165053931, -9.216371729873956"
"uuid:b6b22ec3-a294-47c4-a868-1d7b5816814f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b6b22ec3-a294-47c4-a868-1d7b5816814f","Integrating Sustainable Objectives in Transmission System Operators' Projects: A decision-support framework for the prioritisation and integration of sustainable objectives in projects","Athanasiou, Georgios (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bakker, H.L.M. (graduation committee); Rezaei, J. (mentor); Hoving, J.S. (graduation committee); van Os, Magchiel (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","One of the ways that Transmission System Operators (TSOs) can become more sustainable is by integrating sustainable goals in their projects using the associated procurement and tender processes. However, there are several limitations related to this integration. This research aims to identify these challenges by looking at the Dutch TSO, TenneT and its specific context. Furthermore, the research aims to provide a decision-support framework through which these limitations can be countered and the integration of sustainable goals in projects can be achieved.
First, a literature study was conducted to define sustainability and the concepts associated with it. To properly understand the context of TenneT and identify the limitations associated with sustainability, company professionals were interviewed. This pointed to the need for prioritisation and gradual integration of sustainability measures. A desktop study was also conducted to identify the company’s sustainable goals, their associated measures, and their real-life applications. A decision-support framework for integrating sustainable goals in projects, based on Multi-Criteria Decision-Analysis (MCDA) was proposed. Using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), as the selected MCDA method, developed by Rezaei (2015), a sustainability workshop was organised where decision-makers from TenneT were asked to select relevant sustainability goals for TenneT, and the ones selected by three or more decision-makers were then used for performing the BWM. To avoid focusing on already well-performing sustainability goals, the performance of their associated measures was studied, using a Maturity Model based on the work of Silvius and Schipper (2015). Finally, an Importance-Performance Analysis (Martilla and James 1977) was performed, to assess future actions for each sustainable goal. The BWM showed that the Planet aspect was selected as the most important one for stimulating sustainability in projects. Additionally, Reducing Emissions was selected as the most important sub-aspect while in the People aspect, Health and Safety ranked first. The Maturity Model showed that the least integrated goals in projects are Human Rights, Labour Conditions and Decent Work, Energy Consumption, Materials and Natural Resources and Circularity and Waste. The BWM and Maturity Model also produced interesting results regarding the awareness of decision-makers and how they perceive sustainable goals and the performance of their associated measures in projects.
Based on the Importance-Performance analysis, the research suggests integrating the sustainable goal of Circularity and Waste in the company’s following projects. This can be achieved by using existing sustainable measures, such as the Raw Material Passport (RMP), in the tender process. Using measures such as the RMP in the pre-qualification phases or selection phase, as entry requirements with specific targets to be met, or as an award criterion, aiming to create added value for the project, can stimulate the contractors and suppliers to act more sustainably. This will in turn increase TenneT’s sustainable performance and will help the company meet its own sustainable targets.
In the first part, reference projects and case studies are looked at to get a good understanding of the current applications in The Netherlands and the United Kingdom. After analysing four case studies, an assessment is done on the functional efficiency, structural capacity and environmental impact of these modules. By doing so, the load-bearing structure of self-stabilising modules that can be used at a greater height can be identified. Design variants can now be drafted with different bracing configurations, which are later verified on strength and stability requirements. To effectively design a suitable braced frame, it has been researched what the displacement components for braced frames are. This has been done for simple frames without eccentricity as well as frames including eccentricity. Apart from single-cross frames with a relatively large span, double-cross frames are also looked into due to their increased stiffness.
As part of the total structure of the building, a design for the foundation as well as the inter-module joint, which is required to be demountable, has been made. These parts of the design are required to calculate the horizontal displacement during lateral loads.
A structural assessment is done on the stabilising capacity of each variant at 8 storeys. The design adjustments that are required to further increase the number of storeys up to 10 are looked into as to see whether or not an efficient structure can be maintained. It turns out that each design variant requires adjustments that reduces the efficiency. These changes are the result of a large increase of braced span, resulting in either inefficient use of beam profiles or a too large length when there is more than one braced span along the length.
Apart from a structural assessment, the functionality and environmental impact of the design variants has been analysed as part of the overall efficiency of the modules. The functional assessment includes several criteria such as wall-to-floor area and space efficiency factor. Using the required material use in partition structures and load bearing elements, the environmental impact is calculated, resulting in values for the embodied energy and embodied carbon per square meter in each design variant. Since the differences between the design variants are relatively small, they are also compared to four case studies that were done before.
On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that self-stabilising modules can be constructed with different possible bracing layouts and an efficient load-bearing structure up to 8 storeys.
https://code.earthengine.google.com/b4ebac49f28c93a633eb7bd4806f409b (groundwater recharge)
https://code.earthengine.google.com/ad1a0a88240e75e3dd727a6a350edb18 (land cover changes)","Groundwater recharge; Sustainability; Remote Sensing; Google Earth Engine; Groundwater abstraction; Urbanisation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","African Water Corridor (AWC) project","6.6666,-1.6163"
"uuid:33f8b65a-98e3-4349-903f-67a089692ceb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:33f8b65a-98e3-4349-903f-67a089692ceb","Accelerating twin transitions through a liminal strategy: A research with Barco to facilitate customer centric sustainability","Shah, Priyanka (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Voûte, M.A. (mentor); Keller, A.I. (graduation committee); Van Wijmeersch, Guy (graduation committee); Saveyn, An (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The research on “Accelerating twin transitions through a liminal strategy”, with Barco explores the topic of customer centric sustainability. It addresses the problem of “How might we span the distance between representatives of Barco and the end customers (in the context of sustainability)?“. The proposed solution is a liminal strategy (bridging strategy) and a tactical manifestation of the strategy in the form of an AI-chatbot that facilitates integrated interactions. Unlike the other chatbots, this faces both Barco end customers and Barco employees. These interactions enable Barco to activate customers, collect timely customer input to create value, and make sustainability tangible for both customers and Barco employees. It demonstrates a way to give Barco competitive advantage while increasing Barco’s reputation to drive purpose and profit together.
Amsterdam’s entertainment and hospitality industry is renewed by the introduction of an alternative. A hybrid hub of the Arts and Spectacles, a hotel of Artists, the New City Hotel. Located in Leidseplein square, a vibrant and complex public space, the New City Hotel is an urban theater for the ensemble it sits in, an outlet for the city’s entertainment and nightlife. A dramatic theater, center of cultural cultivation, and a civic theater, a stage for all social groups to express their voice in this changing world.
Apart from its social role, the building itself is a bearer of the values it holds. The structure is comprised almost exclusively of timber components. Environmentally friendly and sustainably produced materials are used throughout, from insulation, to finishes, and timber paint. This timber structure is not concealed or masked, on the contrary it is highlighted, embracing activity in its interior. Most importantly, colour is a dominant factor in the attempt to create a significant hotspot for the city, a landmark and a playful, as well as character defining architecture, that compliments its context and relates to Dutch architectural history.
This timber high-rise in the center of the city, amidst its saturated surrounding, challenges the limits of Amsterdam’s cultural profile, heritage and image.","Circular economy; Hospitality; Sustainability; Timber; Colour; Arts","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Interiors Buildings Cities","",""
"uuid:3536dd5e-a65f-44ae-bace-03c8687c0ed3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3536dd5e-a65f-44ae-bace-03c8687c0ed3","Mobile tracking application that supports people making sustainable mobility decisions","Chan, Rosetta (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Romero Herrera, N.A. (mentor); Singh, A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This project is in collaboration with a start-up company: Thrivey. The product produced by Thrivey is an automatic tracking application (mobility tracker), also named Thrivey, that can track the movement of the user when they carry their smartphone with them. Furthermore, the future vision of Thrivey is to expand its user group and promote more sustainable mobility activities.Global warming and climate-changing are topics that raise many concerns at all levels in society. Many aspects result in the extreme condition we are facing now. Among them, mobility contributes to significant pollution on the air quality due to the emission of carbon dioxide and other substances, such as SO2. During the COVID-19 pandemic, people’s mobility activities have been reduced significantly. However, how people will travel after the pandemic ends is still unknown. Therefore, it creates an opportunity for this project to investigate how to support people toward more sustainable mobility decisions during and after the pandemic.The main objective of this project is to use self-tracking travel data to support people toward more sustainable mobility decisions.A series of literature research and qualitative user research was carried out. Through the research, the design goal and the final design direction were refined. The design also went through iterations, inspired by insights gathered from user-involved sessions. The final design presented four features that support users toward sustainable mobility decisions. These four features are: personalized advice & indicating restrictions (see chapter 5.3.1), community (see chapter 5.3.2), challenges (see chapter 5.3.3), and informed infographics (see chapter 5.3.4). Through the final design evaluation, the four features were evaluated. The community (with group challenges) feature was found out to be the most motivating feature that can keep the users engaged with the mobility tracking application and hold on to their sustainable mobility goals. Moreover, personalized advice was found out to be the most supportive feature that enables and guides users to travel more sustainably. Additionally, the “indicating restrictions” feature provides a feeling of being understood by the mobility tracker.Furthermore, the informed infographic provides users with insights about their travel behaviour they usually do not aware of. By showing how much restriction the users were facing and what keeps them from travelling more sustainably, users were given a new perspective into their travel behaviour. As a result, this supports, motivates and inspires them to make sustainable mobility decisions.","sustainable mobility; self-tracking data; personal informatics; Sustainability; Mobility; mobility tracker","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:ac42edba-a4ca-49ec-bb99-1c1b0b203f20","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac42edba-a4ca-49ec-bb99-1c1b0b203f20","Sustainable transport of polymetallic nodules","van Laar, Ghislaine (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; TU Delft Aerospace Science for Sustainable Engineering and Technology)","Polinder, H. (graduation committee); Schmehl, R. (mentor); Scholten, D.J. (graduation committee); Breukels, J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This research examines the possible pathways and available technologies that will help the shipping sector to achieve the climate goals set by the IMO. Reaching these goals will require financial incentives and policies regarding sustainability. These policies need to describe regulations at both international and regional level given the maritime sector’s 3% contribution to GHG emissions (Tatar & ÖZER, 2018).Previous research examines only the performances of the new technologies. This research includes both aspects to assess the different options, from the sustainable point of view as the business point of view.The goal of this researchwas to investigate the possibilities to apply renewable energy sources to a vessel that transports polymetallic nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone to Mexico in order to reduce the carbon footprint. Besides this, also look into which of these possibilities has the lowest costs. For this purpose, multiple propulsion drive train systems were examined which were based on the Panamax Leda C. The behavior of these new propulsion systems was examined to answer the following research question: “Which currently existing energy source(s) can be used to transport the polymetallic nodules from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture zone to the coast of Mexico, a 2200 km route, and whose operational use is technically feasible in five years, in the most sustainable way and with the lowest costs?"". To answer this research question, the following steps have been undertaken. First current technologies and their state, were analysed using technology readiness levels (TRLs). The known data was established which included the cargo, the requirements for the fleet, the total days at sea, total amount of nodules collected in one year and the buffer of the mining vessel. With this information an optimal base case was determined in terms of energy consumption and costs. The base case is a Panamax bulk carrier called the Leda C with a deadweight of 81526 dwt.Two different key performance indicators (KPIs) were set to analyse the different performance systems. These KPIs are the emission reduction per tonne collected nodules in %/tonne and the costs per tonne collected nodules in $/tonne.To examine the different propulsion systems, their performances had to be checked for this specific route. In this route analysis there is looked at the probability of the wind, which was necessary to calculate the performances of the wind assisted ship propulsion (WASP) systems. Drive trains of the different propulsion systems were schematically given and analyzed to understand which systems should be implemented for the different propulsion systems. After this, the components of each propulsion was checked, looking at their performance, sizes and costs.The costs of the total drive trains of the different propulsion systems were elaborated. Finally, three different scenarios were chosen to examine the KPIs of the different propulsions.It is concluded that the most cost-effective technology for the RE on board systems is the Flettner rotor and for the alternative fuels this is biofuel (HVO). The propulsion systems discussed in this research will only be attractive when the CO2 tax will increase. It is concluded that the higher the carbon tax, the more attractive the alternative fuels become in terms of cost effectiveness.The advice for Allseas will be, if nothing changes, to not install a sustainable energy propulsion system. Because all systems will be more expensive than the base case. If regulations make it necessary to reduce emissions, it is advised to install the Flettner rotor in hybrid with the current engine.","Wind assisted ship propulsion (WASP); solar system; Hydrogen; ammonia; Biofuels; Innovation; Sustainability; Transport; bulk carrier; Alternative propulsion system on board; Fuel Cell","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology","",""
"uuid:55375383-065d-47ae-aedb-77e7f5341aa8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:55375383-065d-47ae-aedb-77e7f5341aa8","Facilitating the change to a sustainable diet with a food box service","Doleschel, Thomas (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Hultink, H.J. (mentor); Kobus, C.B.A. (mentor); Buijs, M.J.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Consumers have an impact on the sustainability status of our world in many different ways. In this project the focus lies on food consumption. Dietary changes are considered a great opportunity for fighting climate change, especially through the reduction of meat consumption (Poore & Nemecek, 2018). This graduation project is performed for Goodcase. The startup aims to accelerate the shift towards a sustainable diet by offering sustainable foods directly to the customer. The goal of this project is to empower food box customers to switch their diet to a more sustainable one by offering a support system that promotes long-term behaviour change. Literature research indicated that selfefficacy and social norms play the main role when it comes to changing to more eco-friendly diets (Eker et al., 2019). Lead users reported that they had initially increased their self-efficacy to switch to a new diet by challenging themselves to perform the new behaviour for a certain time. Therefore, the design solution focused on self-experimentation through self-challenging, paired with the facilitation of social interaction with other users online. This combination is also applied in other behaviour change services, e.g. the Weight Watchers programme which helps consumers to eat healthier. Based on these key insights, the design brief defined the following design goal: To increase the self-efficacy of consumers trying to change to a more environmentally sustainable diet by facilitating self-experimentation with a food box. Following this brief, a productservice system was designed which consisted of a food box with products facilitating vegetarian cooking, a physical guide that challenged users to reduce meat consumption, and an online group for users to motivate each other. In a subsequent user test, qualitative research with eight consumers suggested that the food products triggered experimentation with vegetarian food which helped consumers to increase their selfefficacy to eat less meat. Vegetarian eating might have been positively influenced by the meat reduction challenge. However, many users found it too inconvenient to monitor themselves daily with the guidebook. Finally, a second iteration of the design concept is proposed that incorporates the key learnings from the user test. The concept, called EcoEat, combines a food box with a supportive app which allows users to monitor and improve their behaviour over the long term and in a more convenient way. This design proposal could be tested in the future. The main conclusion from this project is that providing real experiences with unfamiliar, eco-friendly food products can positively influence the consumer’s attitude towards sustainable diets. It can open them up towards trying out more food of this kind and thereby helps them to switch to a more sustainable diet. More of these opportunities for trial should be provided to consumers. Food boxes are a good medium to provide these experiences regularly. With a complementary behaviour change service the experimentation with a sustainable diet can be upheld if the users are guided in a way that is convenient for them.","behaviour change; food box; Sustainability; diet change; entrepreneurship; design; Design for behaviour change; Start-up","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:ee96ab9f-4a51-4a80-adc2-38674c02f7cc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee96ab9f-4a51-4a80-adc2-38674c02f7cc","BIM-based framework for circularity and environmental impact assessment during the design stage","Shivakumar, Nireeksha (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Wamelink, J.W.F. (mentor); De Wolf, C.E.L. (graduation committee); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); van de Wetering, Janet (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The Circular Economy (CE) in the built environment has gained attention due to the current unsustainable linear model. There are several indicators to measure the transition towards the CE in the built environment, but no consensus has been reached. Based on previous literature, the design decisions during the preliminary stage of the design should consider circularity performance and environmental impact as key indicators. Traditionally, these assessments are performed at the end of the design stage, limiting their use for making design decisions. Hence, there is a need to develop a framework or a tool to perform the assessment during the design stage. In recent years, Building Information Modelling (BIM) has shown its potential in the construction industry. However, there is limited research on its effectiveness to enhance sustainability driven by CE.
The objective of the research was divided into three parts: determine the necessary CE metrics related to product circularity performance and environmental impact during the design stage; develop a framework and a tool to conduct an assessment during the design stage and determine a method to support designers to make design decisions based on the assessment and project requirements.
A framework was proposed to conduct the assessment during the design stage. A prototype in Revit using Dynamo, a visual programming platform, was developed for conducting the assessment. A multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) using the TOPSIS method was performed on the obtained assessment results for the products to make a trade-off between circularity performance and environmental impact and obtain the best alternative product for the design. A case study and workshop validate the proposed framework. The criteria for evaluation include the applicability of the framework, accuracy of the developed tool for the assessment, usability of the tool and its implication to make a balanced design choice and its contribution towards sustainability and circularity consciousness. Based on the implementation of the developed tool and workshop, it was observed that the tool can be applied to real-time projects and had the ability to support designers to make sound decisions based on circularity and sustainability criteria. It had 95 - 100% accuracy when compared to other commercial tools. During the workshop, it was perceived that over the period of time the developed tool improves the designer's consciousness on circularity and sustainability.","Circular economy (CE); Sustainability; Life cycle assessment (LCA); Circularity assessment; BIM; Dynamo; Multi Criteria Decision-Making; TOPSIS","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:b08f752a-42c8-4343-b784-850f15d16e45","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b08f752a-42c8-4343-b784-850f15d16e45","The Plug-in Hybrid Electric Superyacht: An operational data-driven design","Visser, Bobby (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Hopman, J.J. (mentor); Jongepier, Bram (mentor); Kana, A.A. (graduation committee); de Vos, P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This study aims to provide a proof of concept of a plug-in hybrid electric superyacht. In this way, the yachting industry can help reduce carbon emissions worldwide and potentially increase comfort levels. The concept takes advantage of the typical operating profile of a yacht. A statistical analysis is performed to discretise this and obtain parameters for the all-electric design range at design speed. The available shore power is examined by means of a questionnaire. Three options to compensate the battery weight are presented to minimise impact on design. The resulting concept versions are checked for their potential impacts on four aspects: Design, Sustainability, Comfort and Operation. This includes a life-cycle assessment that results in serious impacts on sustainability at an all-electric range of 2% to 3% of the full range capability. Finally, the concept is tested by means of a test cruise.","Sustainability; Superyacht; hybrid-electric; Plug-in electric; Data-driven design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology","",""
"uuid:5c8344ff-ef41-4505-9e96-405891f85367","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5c8344ff-ef41-4505-9e96-405891f85367","Evaluation of Waste Management at the Hogeschool of Amsterdam","Knuit, jibbe (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Korevaar, G. (mentor); Mogollón, José (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2021","This report provides suggestions to improve the sustainability of the waste management of the Hogeschool van Amsterdam (HVA), a higher educational institute located in Amsterdam. The HVA as an institute has an outspoken ambition to improve their waste management with a focus on sustainability. They previously asked several student groups to research specific elements of sustainability within their waste management. This report however, will approach the waste management as a whole and will shed light on what is important to successfully improve their waste management considering all its aspects. The report starts off with a literature review which explains the holistic nature of waste management dilemmas. The literature also shows that the success of sustainable waste management largely depends on the willingness of all involved parties to comply. Therefore, it is important to first create an in-depth understanding of the organizational structure behind the waste management, to ensure all individual management bodies within the organizational structure are on the same page. This is also reflected in the explained mythological approach and the formulation of the research questions. Following the re- search questions, first the organizational structure of the HVAs waste management will be evaluated with a series of interviews and a survey. The interviewees were chosen based on their close involvement with a specific management body within the organizational structure. After the waste management as an organization is established, the waste streams within the HVA are estimated. For a holistic understanding of the waste streams an estimation on the quantity, quality, and composition of all the waste that comes through the HVA is determined. The estimations were made by using data that was made available by the HVAs current waste disposal partner RENEWI, and where later confirmed by verifying them with comparable data sets. Additionally the material based waste streams were evaluated on their environmental impacts, when disposed of on different levels in the waste Hierarchy. With the full understanding of the waste itself and the organization, potential improvement areas are determined. To find fitting solutions the literature on waste managements of higher educational institutes around the world were looked at and experts where approached for in-depth interviews. The results once again emphasized the importance of a holistic approach, pointing out that the success of a sustainable waste management can be significantly harmed by a single unwilling or unknowing actor. It is therefore suggested to involve the students as much as possible, to establish a continuous spread of awareness. Another result is the importance of knowledge on the waste, this can be achieved by better regulating the purchases and drawing information from them. As well as performing waste audits to determine the outflow waste. Putting these two data sets next to each other can uncover preventable problems.","Sustainability; Waste Management; Higher Educational Institutes","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:0e535737-ebdb-45e2-80c4-262ab97f8179","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0e535737-ebdb-45e2-80c4-262ab97f8179","Airguard Circular Ski-Helmet: A Vision for Transitioning Ski-Helmets into the Circular Economy and its Systems of Maintaining, Increasing & Regaining Product Value","Steffner, Martin (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Circular Product Design)","Flipsen, Bas (mentor); Kets, W.F. (mentor); Wirthenstätter, Peter (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis project aims at exploring the challenges of sustainability within the segment of ski-helmets. It should lead to locating opportunities for transitioning them into the Circular Economy.
Ski-helmets are single-impact items, comprised of multiple different materials in inseparable product assemblies that prevent disassembly and recyclability. They are discarded after critical impacts, when safety critical parts fail. This also happens, when product parts with crucial perceived value deteriorate visually or fail to fit current fashion trends. Facilitating repair or refurbishment is currently obstructed through certifications and future developments seem promising but unsure. After discarding, helmets are not recycled, which leads to the loss of resources, energy and value.
Different ski-helmets were analysed on their ease of disassembly and their environmental impact using tools like HotSpot-Mapping, Disassembly Maps and Life Cycle Assessment. A survey and interviews were conducted for gaining insights into user-behaviour and expertise in ski-helmets and beyond.
The project’s outcome is a visionary concept for transitioning ski-helmets into the Circular Economy — the Airguard concept. The proposal includes a novel approach on energy-management, rather than using single-impact EPS-foam. A system of TPU air-vessels enables the absorption of multiple impacts and the structure can be easily restored through remanufacturing.
The Airguard concept is developed to fit into processes like recycling and remanufacturing. It is integrated into an assembly base with less different materials used, enabling product disassembly and improved access to parts with high impact, embedded energy and economic value — The priority parts.
The assembly base includes the possibility to change parts which subject to deterioration, like visors and soft-liners. Additionally, it provides a modular base for product add-ons and upgrades, increasing usability, flexibility and longevity.
After the product’s end of use, an incentive take-back system should enable retrieving used products to regain their value through recycling and remanufacturing.
As an intermediate step, the Eco-Savor concept was developed, focusing on recycling, while using the same assembly base as the Airguard concept, built around a core of trusted EPS. As a stepping stone, it should be used to improve product architecture and for gathering insights on part durability for later remanufacturing. A roadmap was developed to indicate development steps over the timeline of six years.
In the end, both concepts should stand as a vision towards sustainability, with many features to further explore and the possibility to gradually decrease environmental impact in ski-helmets.","Circular Design; Helmet; Design for Disassembly; design for remanufacturing; Sustainability; Sports Innovation; recycling; update","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:a0d9289b-9f24-4805-86ab-09f12714a946","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a0d9289b-9f24-4805-86ab-09f12714a946","Investigation of limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials for sustainable 3d concrete printing","Chen, Y. (TU Delft Materials and Environment)","Schlangen, E. (promotor); Veer, F.A. (promotor); Copuroglu, Oguzhan (copromotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Extrusion-based 3D concrete printing (3DCP), as one of the emerging techniques, has received considerable attention from both academia and industry, due to its numerous benefits for concrete construction, through enhancing the freedom of architectural design, eliminating formwork, optimizing material use, and decreasing wastes, labors and costs. However, in most of proposed 3D printable cementitious materials, ordinary Portland cement (PC) still occupies a relatively high content, which partially neutralizes the sustainable benefits of 3DCP in aspects of formwork free and material-efficient designs. To date, considerable attempts have been made to develop sustainable cementitious materials in the context of 3DCP. Common supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), i.e., fly ash, silica fume, and slag, are utilized as an ingredient of the binder in 3D printable cementitious materials, which is the most generic and applicable strategy for reducing the use of PC. Nevertheless, these common SCMs, which belong to industrial by-products, are gradually being depleted. For longer-term development, limestone and calcined clay appear to be suitable alternatives to SCMs, considered the worldwide abundance of raw materials and low CO2 footprint in the material production. The main goal of this thesis is to develop limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials for 3DCP. In order to develop such printable mixtures, investigations about the effect of different material and printing parameters on fresh and hardened properties were conducted. In Chapter 1, the subject of this research,","3D concrete printing; Limestone; Calcined clay; Sustainability; Viscosity modifying admixture; Fresh properties; Mechanical performance; Interlayer bonding; Air void","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-6421-404-8","","","","","","","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:4225ff65-1860-49e7-b832-85990261a605","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4225ff65-1860-49e7-b832-85990261a605","The Circular Redesign Focus Point tool: A novel method to determine focus points for redesigning surgical devices for circularity","Ligtelijn, Sharina (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering; TU Delft Biomechanical Engineering)","Horeman, T. (mentor); Dankelman, J. (mentor); van Straten, Bart (mentor); Flipsen, Bas (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","For healthcare, an industry that is currently responsible for up to 10% of the global carbon footprint, the transition to carbon neutrality and circularity will be an enormous challenge. As 20-30% of the total hospital waste originates from operating rooms, optimising recovery from these waste streams has the potential to make a significant improvement on the environmental footprint of the healthcare sector. However, the recovery of components from current surgical devices is difficult and laborious and thus redesigns are necessary. A gap in the literature is identified regarding design methods specifically targeting circular redesign of surgical devices. Therefore, this thesis aimed to develop a method that helps designers in redesigning surgical devices for circularity.
As a result, the Circular Redesign Focus Point (CRFP) tool is developed. The tool guides designers in making substantiated decisions on which components to improve the recoverability of, by redesigning the surgical device. Through the assessment of the device on a component level, a set of outputs is generated which are split in the categories disassembly effort and potential gain. Utilising this division the new Circular Redesign Necessity metric is developed, which is used to score the focus points for redesign.
The validation results indicate that the thesis aim is achieved by the development of the tool. With this, the novel tool addresses the identified gap in the literature. The tool forms the first design tool for circular surgical device design and provides a starting point for future studies in this field.
The current product manufactured by the company is not studied with the end of its service life in mind and is designed mainly with fossil fuels related products. Also, the time component is detached from the product, and scenarios where the materials are “processed and disposed” or “mined and reused” are not considered. The research explores three different façade concepts that contrast with a traditional linear production based mainly on fossil fuels. The analysis brings a set of 24 options, each with three circularity scenarios. The conclusions reveal that the environmental impacts and success of a “cradle to cradle” design strategy has a close relationship with the number of years the existing dwellings will be used. By reusing the existing dwellings for prolonged times (50 and 100 years), the best option for the company is to develop a biobased sandwich panel relying on renewables and materials with low environmental impacts but as an efficient “cradle to grave” strategy. However, for a shorter span of usage in the existing stock (25 years), the best option is a “cradle to cradle” strategy where the resources are taken back to the technical cycle combined with reduced usage of materials for the cladding system.
Some of the technical recommendations suggested are to test the biobased panel for a mechanical test. Afterward, develop the construction details for connections in foundation, windows, and doors to finally build a 1:1 mock-up to be tested for meteorological degradations and durability. Also, further analysis is needed for a financial case for the scenarios where materials are used after a first cycle. Finally, further research is needed to develop fully biobased matrixes to biocomposite fully biodegradable, allowing them to get back into a biological cycle.","Retrofitting facades; Sandwich panels; Sustainability; Circular Economy; Existing stock; Life cycle Assessment; Composite structures","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2023-07-09","","","","Civil Engineering | Building Engineering","",""
"uuid:4f51e3de-014b-4a63-88d4-c315efa99a72","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4f51e3de-014b-4a63-88d4-c315efa99a72","Naturally Tokyo: found in translation?: A case study of Dutch Earth, Wind, and Fire system integration & optimization in an office building in Tokyo","Puji Nata Djaja, Puji (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Bokel, R.M.J. (mentor); Prieto Hoces, A.I. (graduation committee); Bronsema, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Earth, Wind, and Fire (EWF) is a natural ventilation system developed by Dr Ben Bronsema for office buildings in the Western European climate. Powered by nature: ground temperature & gravity for cooling, wind for energy generation & ventilation, and sun for the heat and natural draft, this system claims not only to use little energy but also naturally purifies while humidify/dehumidify the air. No study has been done to see the performance of the system in a warmer climate, such as Tokyo. This thesis intends to answer that question.The dynamic duo of EWF: air supply system called Climate Cascade (CC) and air exhaust system called Solar Chimney (SC) are sized and calculated using 2 separate Excel models, from which the key parameters are identified, and design choices can be made. It was clear that as Tokyo’s temperature is warmer than Amsterdam’s, the focus needs to be given to cooling rather than heating. The challenge: space is limited in Tokyo hence the proposal of making SC a plug & play unitized system.Armed with a case study integrating EWF into a relatively new 10-story medium-sized office building in Tokyo, the study explored and compared 4 different systems: the existing energy-conscious VRF system, conventional VAV system, EWF with a chilled ceiling, and EWF through chilled beams.In conclusion, EWF can contribute to energy reduction (40%) without compromising thermal comfort in comparison to the conventional VAV. Regarding VRF, further research needs to be done to properly simulate EWF with HR in the dynamic simulation software used. Moreover, EWF contributed to ventilation energy reduction in all cases evaluated, as well as improving thermal comfort.","Earth, Wind and Fire system; natural ventilation; air conditioning; HVAC systems in buildings; energy retrofitting; energy neutrality; Energy Neutral; energy refurbishment; Office buildings; Tokyo; Thermal comfort; Solar Chimney; Climate Cascade; Sustainability; Cooling","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","34.666548836765564, 135.5077543375245"
"uuid:2ce7824c-83c2-44f1-b569-78d988d0f42c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2ce7824c-83c2-44f1-b569-78d988d0f42c","Food production and decentralised sanitation in the living environment","van Rosmalen, Sander (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Smit, M.J. (mentor); de Krieger, J. (mentor); Bilow, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","As the housing shortage in the Netherlands is rapidly increasing, hence the need to develop more housing is as well. It is needed to make these new houses more sustainable to honour the Paris climate agreement. It is known how to make buildings energy neutral. To push further the development of a sustainable urban environment research is done by investigating shortening the transport into the urban environment to a minimum by implementing food production and black water sanitation on site. Based on data provided by the Dutch nutrition centre (Voedingscentrum), the amount of food needed is calculated and divided in what could be feasible to produce within a neighbourhood and is translated to 36 m2 per capita. Blackwater and organic waste are produced and digested on site. Biogas forms from organic waste and biosolids and can provide a potential energy of 626,1 kWh per capita. Ammonia and fertiliser can be harvested with a struvite reactor and has a potential of 20,5 kWh per capita, and the struvite harvested is 474,5g per capita per year. A total of 646,6 kWh per capita is gained","Urban Farming; Decentralised Sanitation; Blackwater; Nightsoil; Biogas; Fertiliser; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:eef549ee-df0c-4f4a-9cc9-759598c8f40d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:eef549ee-df0c-4f4a-9cc9-759598c8f40d","Reterritorializing Zuidoost: Towards sustainable, livable and just assemblages in Amsterdam Zuidoost","Ramaiah Perumalsamy, Ganesh Babu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hausleitner, B. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","If we denounce neoliberal ideology and the capitalist order of today’s cities as value generating machines, what would the new order be? An integral part of Amsterdam’s emergence as a just city was the interaction between radical resident movements and national housing policy that was designed to solve the housing shortage through massive investments in social housing in the 70s and 80s.
However, since the early 90s, rising neoliberalism, changing national economic and housing policies have created segregation and segmentation of the housing stock and people. Existing short-sighted trends in urban development processes that are fragmented pose a threat towards a just city, as seen evidently in Amsterdam Zuidoost district which consistently ranks poorly in social, economic and spatial dimensions of well being. The city is currently in the process of building a large stock of new housing within the existing city(densification), while also transitioning to a different socio-technical regime in terms of energy, economic logic (circular economy) and climate adaptation.
Therefore, it is crucial to adopt an integrated approach towards urban development at this juncture taking into consideration the socio-economic and ecological urgencies of Amsterdam Zuidoost. One that enables vulnerable populations to be a part of the process leading to a just distribution of its resultant benefits and burdens.
The aim of this research project is three fold. First is to understand the historicity of urban development processes that led to the current socio-economic, ecological and spatial realities of Amsterdam Zuidoost from a complex systems perspective towards creating a strategic spatial framework.
Second is to evolve a set of patterns that lead to livable communities and sustainable neighborhoods that are spatially just. Third is to evolve an integrated approach towards urban development by operationalising the patterns amongst the complex interrelations between socio-economic, ecological and spatial dimensions of Amsterdam Zuidoost that is co produced by local stakeholders.","Amsterdam; Sustainability; Livability; Spatial Justice; Pattern Language; Integrated Approach; Urban Development","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","52.308349, 4.956610"
"uuid:b5bc2860-391c-436e-a142-bc73fbbd5da2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5bc2860-391c-436e-a142-bc73fbbd5da2","Water sensitive sustainable urban adaptation: Climate adaptation in existing Dutch neighborhoods | a case study in Delft","Leltz, Anne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Aalbers, K.P.M. (mentor); van Loon, F.D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This project answers the research question “How can we design with climate adaptation measures in existing neighborhoods in the Netherlands while respecting other aspects of sustainable development?” The methods used to carry out the research are mixed methods. Both deductive and inductive research is done. Theory describes the problem, and existing solutions and methods used, to do research. Through research by design, site specific problems are offered solutions. Later on, by linking the specific sites to the general theory, more general solutions are formed based on the design. This approach is chosen, because, by combining deductive and inductive research more general solutions can be found in a design on a small scale. This is necessary for this research because the problem is too big and very site specific to be solved from deductive research only. Lessons learnt are needed from practical examples to take steps towards answering the research question as a whole.
The project location for the research by design is the Abtswoudse polder in Delft. It is a diverse polder with many different neighborhood types. For the design part, one neighborhood selected based on the climatic and liveability problems and neighborhood type. One design location is worked out, due to the potential of the location because of the liveability and amount of public space. The research is set up in such a way that the method and selection used can be transferred to other locations in the Abtswoudse polder but also to other locations in the Netherlands. The designs are guided by general design principles based on the three main design tools in this project: climate adaptation measures, liveability criteria and sustainable development goals.
The answer to the main research question is: by setting up a framework with design tools that consist of the components: climate adaptation, spatial design and sustainable development. By using the tools to find the overlap between them, and make general design principles to make insightful how they have influenced the design interventions, we can design with climate adaptation measures in existing neighborhoods in the Netherlands while respecting other aspects of sustainable development.
The healthcare sector contributes significantly to humanity’s environmental impact on our planet. The circular economy (CE) has been heralded as a solution addressing its economic and environmental challenges by promoting more efficient use of materials. Stakeholders throughout the entire industry need to adapt their business models towards more sustainable and cost effective circular alternatives. Examples of CE strategies are the utilization of subscription-based business models, de-materialization of product chains and the maximizing of physical assets’ useful life. For medical disposables, the CE transition is challenged by apparent limitations in economical, behavioural, and operational feasibility. This study involves the embedding of CE thinking into Philips image guided therapy devices (IGT-D) by incorporating the projected impact of circular adaptations into the decision-making process between project proposals. A model was developed to facilitate the appraisal and selection of CE opportunities within existing IGT-D products. It assesses their impacts to the business according to six categories: i) Marketing, ii) Resource investment, iii) Capital investment, iv) P&L (profit and loss), v) Dependency and vi) Legal & regulatory. This model calculates impact scores that reflect the efforts necessary to implement these proposals as well as their potential advantages. The usability and value of the model were assessed in a case series, which produced promising yet inconclusive results. Although the model demonstrated potential to fill in the knowledge gaps for implementation of circular proposals by assessing their impacts, its ability to assist the decision-making process between proposals is in need of further validation. Future research into CE adoption in IGT-D needs to determine its impacts based on real outcomes and may be used to validate the model’s projections.","Circular economy; Medical devices; Image guided therapy; Sustainability; Waste; Product development","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2023-03-25","","","","Biomedical Engineering | Medical Instruments and Medical Safety (MIMS)","","52.344495, 4.916904"
"uuid:4ed0641a-5c7e-4e32-9ecf-8d697e7249b3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4ed0641a-5c7e-4e32-9ecf-8d697e7249b3","BLUE MIRROR: A Portable Escape Experience for Sustainability Empowerment","Boers, Meysa (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Haans, M.C. (graduation committee); Vermeeren, A.P.O.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This project is a collaboration between TUDelft and Sherlocked, one of the stakeholders of BLUE MIRROR. The aim of this project is bringing knowledge and fun together in a sustainability themed portable escape room experience. During the Research phases, the current market of available experiences closely related to the new design was mapped out, looking at competitors, users and trends. Target users have been involved to cocreate the design, using context mapping, journey mapping and generative sessions. Which helped grasp the expectations and emotions during use, and gave valuable insights for the design. This report delivers a full concept of the designed user interactions with the room itself and embodiment of these interactions within the room. This includes designing the interfaces, as well as the narrative that guides them through the experience. The interface can consist of a combination of digital and physical components that together allow users to solve challenges within the room. Interactions of users with these objects will be designed so that the level of difficulty is suitable for the audience to achieve the goal within the allotted time. The narrative will be the overarching structure and information layering of the design that helps to carry the educative message in a playful manner to ensure it is an engaging learning experience. The report will conclude with suggestions for further research based on qualitative interviews with the target audience.","Sustainability; Escape Room; User Experience; Game Design; Empowerment; Festival Design; Storytelling; Narrative","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","BLUE MIRROR",""
"uuid:03a53527-bcba-47df-a19a-19ed647726b5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:03a53527-bcba-47df-a19a-19ed647726b5","Newspaper coverage of the Dutch nitrogen debate: Uncovering differences in framing and actor portrayal","Visscher, Marin (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management; Universiteit Leiden)","Smeets, Ionica (mentor); Cucurachi, Stefano (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2021","In May 2019 the Dutch permit system for nitrogen deposition was taken down for not abiding by EU legislation, which resulted in a large debate surrounding nature conservation. I researched the manner in which various newspapers portray this debate to their respective readers, in order to create a better understanding of the communicational field between sustainability sciences and the public. To do this, 160 articles from four national daily newspapers were analyzed for their usage of frames and portrayal of actors. The articles reflected no differences in usage of frames, however, actor portrayal varied significantly between newspapers: environmental experts appeared more often in De Volkskrant, there seemed to be a negative relationship between the number of portrayed farmers and construction workers, and, popular newspaper De Telegraaf showed more signs of partisanship than other newspapers. Conclusively, I made some suggestions to environmental researchers for future environmental debates.","Nitrogen; Industrial Ecology; Science Communication; Content Analysis; Framing; Newspapers; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:50ef41f6-4af5-406a-8c1d-5eb5ef796233","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:50ef41f6-4af5-406a-8c1d-5eb5ef796233","3D printing living materials: Optimizing the longevity and photosynthetic ability of microalgae structures","Vriend, Vivian (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Karana, E. (mentor); Doubrovski, E.L. (graduation committee); Aubin-Tam, M.E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This graduation report aimed to improve the mechanical properties of a sustainable 3D print material made of microalgae, in order to create an macro-porous 3D structure with enhanced longevity and photosynthetic activity. This research builds upon the alginate based bio-ink from Balasubramanian et al (2021). Their material proposal lacked structural stability and print resolution, which made geometries of more than six layers impossible. Moreover, the bioprints were confined to a nutrient plate. These challenges formed the motivation for the research. The goal for the optimized bioprinting protocol was to make use of the advantages of additive manufacturing, by creating a macro-porous shape with increased surface ratio. The hypothesis was that the microalgae would have more access to light, air and nutrients which would increase oxygen release and carbon dioxide fixation. In a series of explorative studies, in close collaboration with nanobiologists, biomaterial designers and 3D printing experts, a direct ink writing approach was selected to construct the microalgae bioprints. Additional components were added to the alginate bio-ink formulation, which concluded in a material with improved print fidelity and resolution, so that more than 25 layers could be bioprinted. With the optimized protocol, the 3D printed construct could be crosslinked so that the print was stable enough to be handled. The microalgae immobilized in the ink formulation survived more than seven days in the 3D printed geometry. The photosynthetic performance of the material was observed, by building an incubator prototype with oxygen and carbon dioxide sensors. The sensors measured two different bioprints simultaneously, a macro-porous cube and a solid cube. The superiority of the photosynthetic ability of the porous geometry over the solid geometry could not be concluded, due to the limitations of the sensors and the prototype setup. Important insights were found for further research on the improvement of the test setup. The optimized microalgae bio-ink is a valuable material with sustainable benefits. The material can actively fight carbon dioxide pollution, is carbon neutral in production and is biodegradable. The technical optimization of the bio-ink in this study formed the first steps towards a functional living microalgae artefact.","bioprinting; microalgae; Living Materials; Sustainability; photosynthesis; Design optimization; 3D Printing","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2022-03-09","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:f81bd7f7-47a4-4d41-a7ea-feb84328eafc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f81bd7f7-47a4-4d41-a7ea-feb84328eafc","Towards proactive decision-making for sustainability in the construction industry: An application to project delivery of urban utility infrastructure systems","Molenaar, Hanna (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hertogh, M.J.C.M. (mentor); Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Schraven, D.F.J. (graduation committee); Houwing, E.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","An increasing awareness of sustainability problems urges the need for more sustainable practices within the infrastructure industry. Organisations actively engage sustainability in strategic missions and objectives. However, how these visions translate proactively to the tactical and operational levels of decision-making is still considered an exploratory area for the extant theoretical body of knowledge. Therefore, this research aims to support managers in tactical and operational decision-making for sustainability by means of a diagnostic research in the context of a long-term Strategic Partnership between client and contractor at Schiphol Airport. Their collaborative agreements based on Best Value aims for synergy by close cooperation between the partners and valuing professional expertise. To become highly committed to sustainability, organizations need to take responsibility over decisions regarding their organisational processes, in terms of dedication, motivation, and long-term investments to achieve effective solutions. Interventions require the direction of efforts into an organization-wide approach, meaning that both tactical and operational level management are internally aligned and stimulated to involve sustainability in their considerations. Also, a future directed mind-set and long-term investment approach are required to overcome technical and respectively cost related barriers. Fragmented decision-making can be overcome by engagement of stakeholders in sustainability ambitions. Moreover, proactivity in strategic partnering collaborations also requires extending responsibility towards supporting the partner’s responsibilities in order to achieve the best outcome for all parties involved. Therefore, it is key for both parties to allow each other to showcase their expertise within the set boundaries and ambitions of the Best Value principles. Currently, the client initiates new projects in which utility infrastructure projects play a role, whereas the contracting organization becomes involved after scope, budget, and planning are mainly determined. A mutually structured approach of formal meetings in the initiation process needs to be enhanced to collectively explore opportunities and define ambitions. Based on the gathered elements on proactive implementation of sustainability in decision-making levels, a conceptual framework is developed to test the case studies by analyzing sustainable outcomes in terms of their level of effectiveness. The analysis framework introduced by this study connects the different levels of proactivity with a chronological order of project phases, ranging on tactical and operational decision-making levels. This developed framework provides a practical solution for the collaborative setting between client and contractor, as it stimulates the development of mutual ambitions, substantive opportunities and directions for sustainable outcomes.","Sustainability; Utility infrastructure; Proactive; proactive management; Client-contractor collaboration; Best Value Procurement; Strategic partnership","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2021-01-28","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:6bf2cc8e-0ffb-4b3d-aba6-9459b5c5a879","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6bf2cc8e-0ffb-4b3d-aba6-9459b5c5a879","Universal Modular Building","Beem, Axel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Parravicini, M. (mentor); Stoutjesdijk, P.M.M. (graduation committee); Koskamp, G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This project has been about taking a first step towards developing a radically innovative circular building system, with the double goal of vastly reducing climatic impact of building construction, as well as strongly reducing costs to aid the current housing crisis. The first step in this project has been research into the reusability of building elements. As part of this process a factor based rating method was developed that can be used to evaluate how well specific building elements score on reusability. After this, both a building system -including the most rudamentary building elements - and two different building designs in strongly differing contexts were developed. These different building designs were used to test the universal usability of the building elements, whereas the developed rating method was used to test the reusability of the designed building elements. The end result suggests that a similar system has great potential to reduce both the climatic impact and economic costs of the building industry. The system was effectively integrated in both a relatively normal or standard design and a more extravagant and architecturally interesting design. The project ends with a suggestion of improvement that could be made towards a fully circular building future.","Modular Building; Universal Modular Building; Circular Building; Reusability; Remountability; Building System; Sustainability; Building Resource Production","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:b6c3c432-c489-4215-9e0f-860128d4af2f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b6c3c432-c489-4215-9e0f-860128d4af2f","Desiging susa: An interactive artwork that stimulates sustainable behaviour","van Wensen, Emma (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mugge, R. (mentor); Boess, S.U. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The consequences of climate change are becoming visible more and more, also in The Netherlands. Most people consider the environment to be important and want to act sustainable, but they find it hard to really take action. “Where should I start?” “What is actually sustainable and what not?” “What can I do within my budget?” are questions that arise. As a designer, I became aware of the overflow of products that are meant to make our lives better but at the same time harm the environment, which motivated me towards this graduation project. Research shows that stuff scores the highest in the impact top 10 of the average Dutch consumer (Porcelijn, 2017). Therefore, the initial goal of this project was to make consumers aware of the impact their purchases have on the environment and stimulate them to buy less. Literature research is done towards our shopping behaviour and what can be done to motivate sustainable behaviour related to the purchase of product. This research revealed that, in the long term, activating intrinsic motivation is more successful than providing extrinsic motivation in the form of rewards for example. One way to stimulate intrinsic motivation of consumers to act more environmental friendly is to give them positive feedback about the sustainable behaviour already performed. This enlarges their environmental self-identity, which is defined as: the extend to which one sees him/her self as a sustainable person. (van der Werff, 2016). Since the effect of the positive feedback is bigger when feedback is given on multiple categories of sustainable behaviour (such as waste, energy usage, transportation etc.) instead of one category, a shift in this project is made from products alone towards more sustainable behaviour in general. Thereafter, existing initiatives to stimulate sustainable behaviour are evaluated by comparing them to the findings in the literature research and interviews are held to get a more clear image of consumer experiences. Based on this research, three possible design directions are being presented and the direction of positive feedback is chosen. The final goal of this project is defined as motivating consumers to act more sustainable
by enlarging the environmental self-identity with positive feedback on sustainable behaviour from the past. The second phase is the ideation phase where in which brainstorms are done for possible solutions towards the chosen direction. A generative session is organised to involve the target group in the design process. With the results and insights of the brainstorm and this session, three concepts are formed which are formed and tested by the use of Google forms. The results are evaluated and the concept of sustainable art is chosen, whereby the user tracks his/her sustainable behaviour by creating an artwork on the wall. In the third phase, iterations are made to the concept and two more tests are executed, whereby the concept developed into the final design: SusA. SusA is designed to make the user more conscious about their sustainable behaviour, and provide positive feedback for all the sustainable actions by creating an artwork on the wall. It stimulates interaction between the user and house mates and/or guests, and makes users aware of how much of a sustainable person they already are. The product comes with an smart phone application, where pictures and tips can be shared with friends, statistics of one’s sustainable behaviour can be found and inspiration for sustainable actions in the different categories is available. To conclude, suggestions are given to introduce SusA to the market, the concept is evaluated and recommendations are made for further research and development.","Design; Sustainability; Sustainable behaviour; Design for behaviour change","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:4944979b-d2b0-46a4-87f9-fdd4352365fc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4944979b-d2b0-46a4-87f9-fdd4352365fc","A Sustainability Roadmap for Derako: The road to a circular future","Dijkhuizen, Micha (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Design, Organisation and Strategy)","van den Berge, R.B.R. (graduation committee); Simonse, L.W.L. (mentor); Van den Bovenkamp, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Derako is a company specialized in designing and manufacturing wooden suspended ceilings, wall panels and façade panels. Derako faces the challenge of high production of waste, over 50% of their bought wood ends up as waste, additionally over 6500 kilograms of plastic waste is being produced. In their industry, Derako is not alone. The construction industry is considered a highly polluting industry, responsible for 50% of all raw material usage and 35% of the CO2 generated in the Netherlands. The industry is reacting by slowly adopting ways to improve their sustainable performace. One of the main topics is the Circular Economy. This thesis will provide an answer to the research question at hand, namely, how can Derako become a more sustainable business in the future? It will aim to do so by closely collaborating with Derako employees, to ensure a good fit. In order to fully understand the industry Derako is operating in, a thorough analysis has been conducted. Several stakeholders in their process, such as architects, contractors and installers have been interviewed, alongside several employees of Derako. The sales process of Derako proves to be complex, several of the aforementioned stakeholders influence the decision making, while their interests vary greatly. As the construction industry is developing, several trends are showing. An analysis of these trends has uncovered potentially interesting directions for Derako to pursue. The Circular Economy would be the foundation of this development, as it shows to be a highly relevant and promising topic in the industry, providing many options for product development. Together with Derako, through the means of co-creations session, the trend directions were discussed. The direction of flexible and modular buildings was deemed most relevant to develop into a vision. During this co-creation, participants set out to develop a vision which would be guiding for the strategy and roadmap. During the development of the strategy, the vision would be split in two parts. One part focussing on waste reduction, the other focussing on a circular product line. The waste reduction plan has been developed as a method to provide tangible handles for waste reduction. The current waste streams, mainly wood and plastic waste have been mapped roughly. Tests have been designed to collect more detailed information on those waste streams. The waste reduction plan sets specific goals in three horizons with the final horizon ending in 2030. For the non-renewable waste, a reduction of 50% has been set, as for wood waste a reduction of 90% has been set. In these goals, finding high value applications for the wood waste is also considered a reduction. The circular product roadmap describes the development of a circular product line, in which a standardized product is central. This product minimizes variation on materials, sizes and finished, therefore creating a product that facilitates easy reuse. Alongside the circular product line, a return shipping method has been developed. This has been treated facilitate wasteless shipping of Derako product, drastically reducing the amount of plastic and wood waste. Combined, the waste reduction plan and circular product roadmap provide Derako with practical handles to drastically increase sustainable performance.","Sustainability; Roadmapping; Strategy; Wood; Co-creation; Construction Industry","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:20e072b6-e3b2-4898-b6dc-acfc06fd9427","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:20e072b6-e3b2-4898-b6dc-acfc06fd9427","Earth and Vernacularity: Reviving vernacular architecture in Iceland with rammed earth construction","Gunnarsdóttir, Sunnefa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Pimlott, M. (mentor); Smit, M.J. (mentor); van der Meel, H.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The growing interest in rammed earth construction globally has yet to reach the Icelandic building industry which lags behind in sustainable construction methods. Despite the rich history of earth construction with local turf, standardized practices and imported materials dominate the building practice today. Earth is a readily available material in Iceland and is excavated in large quantities every year. This research aims to find a way to use the available earth in conjunction with other locally available materials to build more environmentally friendly and locally resourced buildings. No previous research could be found on rammed earth construction in the context of Iceland, therefore literature on rammed earth construction from other locations will be cited. A qualitative research will provide an overview of the materiality and social practices of both vernacular architecture and the development to standardized practices by relying on the relevant literature and an interview. Additional quantitative research gathers data on the flows of excavated earth. Finally, application proposals will be made with the materials studied. The findings of this research shows the great potential for earth construction in Iceland. Despite the vulnerability of earth construction in rough climates such as in Iceland, several uses could be found for the construction technique.
The exploration of the gathered information shows that within the broader scope of sustainability, circularity is the most mentioned set of aspects that currently have a clear impact on façade design, closely followed by energy related aspects, and further below issues related to the user, nature inclusion, and value. Furthermore, it is possible to identify different and sometimes clashing approaches derived from different notions of sustainability: some interviewees believe in permanence and timeless buildings, which leads to massive structures and detailing focused on ageing and durability; while for others it mainly revolves around using less raw materials and reuse/recycling potential of building components; which leads to light structures, with focus on connections aiming for total disassembly and material recovery. These, among others, should be regarded as possibilities to choose from a set of potential approaches, whose suitability should be carefully assessed to match each project brief, under the larger aim to design and build sustainable façades, buildings and cities.","Façade design; Sustainability; Design process","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Design of Constrution","","",""
"uuid:a6b1cf63-7332-431b-b740-df97dee67136","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6b1cf63-7332-431b-b740-df97dee67136","Achieving Organisational Alignment, Safety and Sustainable Performance in Organisations","Blokland, P.J. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science); Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Universiteit Antwerpen)","","2021","When looking at socio-technical systems from a systems thinking and systemic perspective, it becomes clear that mental models govern the behaviours and determine the achievements of socio-technical systems. This is also the case for individuals, being systems themselves and, as such, being elements of those socio-technical systems. Individual behaviours result from individual perceptions (mental models). These individual behaviours ideally generate the desired outcomes of a system (team/organisation/society) and create value. However, at the same time, mental models and the associated individual behaviour also bring about unwanted consequences, destroying or diminishing value. Therefore, to achieve safety and to attain sustainable safe performance, understanding and managing mental models in organisations is of paramount importance. Consequently, in organisations and society, one needs to generate the required mental models that create successes and, at the same time, to avoid or eliminate damaging perceptions and ideas in order to protect the created value. Generating and managing mental models involves leadership; leadership skills; and the ability to develop a shared vision, mission and ambition, as this helps determine what is valuable and allows for aligning individual mental models with those that preferably govern the system. In doing so, it is possible to create well-aligned corporate cultures that create and protect value and that generate sustainable safe performance. To achieve this aim, a systemic organisational culture alignment model is proposed. The model is based on the model of logical levels of awareness according to Dilts (1990), Argyris’s ladder of inference (1982) and the organisational alignment model proposed by Tosti (1996). Furthermore, ISO 31000 (2009, 2018) and its guidance are proposed as a practical tool to accomplish this alignment and sustainable safe performance in organisations. Altogether, these elements define Total Respect Management as a concept, mental model and methodology","Alignment; ISO 31000; Leadership; Mental models; Performance; Risk; Safety; Sustainability; Systems thinking; Total Respect Management","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Safety and Security Science","","",""
"uuid:0a97d4f1-094f-4e07-9176-905ccb3c586d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a97d4f1-094f-4e07-9176-905ccb3c586d","Multi-Objective Sustainability Optimization of Biomass Residues to Ethanol via Gasification and Syngas Fermentation: Trade-Offs between Profitability, Energy Efficiency, and Carbon Emissions","Magalhaes de Medeiros, E. (TU Delft BT/Bioprocess Engineering; University of Campinas); Noorman, H.J. (TU Delft BT/Bioprocess Engineering; DSM); Filho, Rubens Maciel (University of Campinas); Posada Duque, J.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society)","","2021","This work presents a strategy for optimizing the production process of ethanol via integrated gasification and syngas fermentation, a conversion platform of growing interest for its contribution to carbon recycling. The objective functions (minimum ethanol selling price (MESP), energy efficiency, and carbon footprint) were evaluated for the combinations of different input variables in models of biomass gasification, energy production from syngas, fermentation, and ethanol distillation, and a multi-objective genetic algorithm was employed for the optimization of the integrated process. Two types of waste feedstocks were considered, wood residues and sugarcane bagasse, with the former leading to lower MESP and a carbon footprint of 0.93 USD/L and 3 g CO2eq/MJ compared
to 1.00 USD/L and 10 g CO2eq/MJ for sugarcane bagasse. The energy efficiency was found to be 32% in both cases. An uncertainty analysis was conducted to determine critical decision variables, which were found to be the gasification zone temperature, the split fraction of the unreformed syngas sent to the combustion chamber, the dilution rate, and the gas residence time in the bioreactor. Apart from the abovementioned objectives, other aspects such as water footprint, ethanol yield, and energy
self-sufficiency were also discussed.","Bioethanol; Gasification; Model-ing; Multi-objective optimization; Sustainability; Syngas fermentation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","BT/Bioprocess Engineering","","",""
"uuid:f2b3c2a5-eec1-4935-89f5-75f6b21f1a71","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f2b3c2a5-eec1-4935-89f5-75f6b21f1a71","A system dynamics model of the community-based rural drinking water supply program (Pamsimas) in Indonesia","Daniel, D. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Universitas Gadjah Mada); Prawira, Julivius (Student TU Delft); Djono, Trimo Pamudji Al (Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Sapta Taruna); Subandriyo, S. (Magelang Regency); Rezagama, Arya (Universitas Diponegoro); Purwanto, Aries (IHE Delft Institute for Water Education)","","2021","The sustainability of the water supply program in developing countries is influenced by many inter-linked and dynamic factors, suggesting the need to analyse the system behaviour of the water supply program. However, no study analyses factors influencing the sustainability of rural drinking water supply programs holistically, and this study aims to fill that gap. This study utilized a system dynamics approach based on a case study of a community-based rural drinking water supply program (PAMSIMAS in Bahasa) in Magelang Regency, Indonesia. Five sustainability aspects were considered in the model development and simulation: Financial, institutional, environmental, technical, and social aspects. Eight scenario analyses related to those five aspects were conducted. The causal loop diagrams suggest that the overall loop in the system is reinforcing, meaning that the improvement in one aspect will improve the overall condition of the system and deterioration in one aspect will reduce the overall condition of the system. Scenario analysis shows that external fund is critical to support the program financially, especially at the beginning of the project when the piped system is being built and water revenue is still low. Scenario and sensitivity analyses revealed that human factors, i.e., the performance of the water board and response and support from the community, positively influence the sustainability of the water supply program. Additionally, the water board plays a key role in accelerating the pipe network growth. Finally, this paper argues that visualising and simulating the causal relationship and dynamic behaviour of the rural water supply program are critical for water stakeholders to better design and implement the water supply program.","Indonesia; PAMSIMAS; Rural drinking water supply; Sustainability; System dynamics","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:d5c9cd65-6eb1-49b0-9790-95d47831e012","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d5c9cd65-6eb1-49b0-9790-95d47831e012","Review of whole system simulation methodologies for assessing mobility as a service (Maas) as an enabler for sustainable urban mobility","Muller, Mark (Villanova University); Park, Seri (Villanova University); Lee, Ross (Villanova University); Fusco, Brett (Delaware Valley Regional Planning Commission); Correia, Gonçalo (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","","2021","Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is an emerging concept that is being advanced as an effective approach to improve the sustainability of mobility, especially in densely populated urban areas. MaaS can be defined as the integration of various transport modes into a single service, accessible on demand, via a seamless digital planning and payment application. Recent studies have shown the potential reduction in the size of automobile fleets, with corresponding predicted improvements in congestion and environmental impact, that might be realized by the advent of automated vehicles as part of future MaaS systems. However, the limiting assumptions made by these studies point to the difficult challenge of predicting how the complex interactions of user demographics and mode choice, vehicle automation, and governance models will impact sustainable mobility. The work documented in this paper focused on identifying available methodologies for assessing the sustainability impact of potential MaaS implementations from a whole system (STEEP—social, technical, economic, environmental, and political) perspective. In this research, a review was conducted of current simulation tools and models, relative to their ability to support transportation planners, to assess the MaaS concept, holistically, at a city level. The results presented include: a summary of the literature review, a weighted ranking of relevant transportation simulation tools per the assessment criteria, and identification of key gaps in the current state of the art. The gaps include capturing the interaction of demographic changes, mode choice, induced demand, and land use in a single framework that can rapidly explore the impact of alternative MaaS scenarios, on sustainable mobility, for a given city region. These gaps will guide future assessment methodologies for urban mobility systems, and ultimately assist informed decision‐making.","MaaS; Simulation; STEEP; Sustainability; Urban mobility; Urban regions","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:8d5f125f-0102-4a5f-8cab-bb15aee8d432","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8d5f125f-0102-4a5f-8cab-bb15aee8d432","Circular Digital Built Environment: An Emerging Framework","Çetin, Sultan (TU Delft Housing Management); De Wolf, C.E.L. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management; Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zürich); Bocken, Nancy (Universiteit Maastricht)","","2021","Digital technologies are considered to be an essential enabler of the circular economy in various industries. However, to date, very few studies have investigated which digital technologies could enable the circular economy in the built environment. This study specifically focuses on the built environment as one of the largest, most energy- and material-intensive industries globally, and investigates the following question: which digital technologies potentially enable a circular economy in the built environment, and in what ways? The research uses an iterative stepwise method: (1) framework development based on regenerating, narrowing, slowing and closing resource loop principles; (2) expert workshops to understand the usage of digital technologies in a circular built environment; (3) a literature and practice review to further populate the emerging framework with relevant digital technologies; and (4) the final mapping of digital technologies onto the framework. This study develops a novel Circular Digital Built Environment framework. It identifies and maps ten enabling digital technologies to facilitate a circular economy in the built environment. These include: (1) additive/robotic manufacturing, (2) artificial intelligence, (3) big data and analytics, (4) blockchain technology, (5) building information modelling, (6) digital platforms/marketplaces, (7) digital twins, (8) the geographical information system, (9) material passports/databanks, and (10) the internet of things. The framework provides a fruitful starting point for the novel research avenue at the intersection of circular economy, digital technology and the built environment, and gives practitioners inspiration for sustainable innovation in the sector.","Buildings; Built environment; Circular business models; Circular design; Circular economy; Circular strategies; Construction; Digital technology; Digitalisation; Framework; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Housing Management","","",""
"uuid:ffd43887-c40d-44aa-89c2-5b2ef5aca33d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ffd43887-c40d-44aa-89c2-5b2ef5aca33d","Beyond Good Intentions: The Role of the Building Passport for the Sustainable Conservation of Built Heritage to Behavioural Change","Gonçalves, Joana (TU Delft Heritage & Technology; University of Minho); Mateus, Ricardo (University of Minho); Silvestre, José Dinis (Lisbon Technical University); Pereira Roders, A. (TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology)","","2021","Despite the recognised importance of built heritage for sustainable development, and the multiple tools, recommendations, guidelines, and policies developed in recent years to support decision-making, good sustainable conservation practices often fail to be implemented. Challenges faced by practitioners often relate to external factors, and there is a gap in the understanding of the role of the nature of the designer and the behavioural dimension of the challenges in implementation. This research applies the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to verify how a building passport for sustainable conservation (BPSC) impacts design students’ intentions and actual design decisions towards built heritage conservation. This research aims to ascertain the role of the BPSC to affect attitudes, subjective norms, and intentions and ultimately change conservation behaviours. The results show that this tool has a positive contribution to reinforce existing attitudinal beliefs. Still, no significant changes were found in the overall conservation behaviours, suggesting that beliefs hindering implementation may more often be related to aesthetic reasons, creativity and innovation, and program requirements, than with beliefs regarding the sustainable performance of the building. This study demonstrates that using the TPB to analyse design processes in the context of built heritage is an innovative methodological approach that contributes to a deeper understanding of the psychological factors affecting sustainability and built heritage conservation decisions.","Behavioural intentions; Building passport; Built environment; Conservation; Heritage; Sustainability; Theory of planned behaviour","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Architectural Engineering +Technology","Heritage & Technology","","",""
"uuid:d567b3f4-4ff4-403d-857a-f62cc7682ca7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d567b3f4-4ff4-403d-857a-f62cc7682ca7","Sustainable Passive Design for Building Performance of Healthy Built Environment in the Lingnan Area","Li, Bin (South China University of Technology); Guo, Weihong (South China University of Technology); Liu, Xiao (South China University of Technology; University of Hong Kong); Zhang, Yuqing (South China University of Technology); Russell, P.J. (TU Delft General Support; Tsinghua University); Schnabel, Marc Aurel (Victoria University of Wellington)","","2021","Having a healthy built environment becomes increasingly important, especially under the effects of COVID-19. This paper intends to combine sustainable goals based on climate change with passive design principles to achieve a healthy built environment regarding the building performance of residential buildings. The Yuedao Residential Community in the Lingnan area was taken as an example for the research. Based on relevant standards of healthy buildings, the thermal, light, and acoustic environment requirements were determined. The methods of building performance simulation and on-site measurement were used to quantify the research object environments. Then, the outcomes were obtained based on these standards. As observed, the thermal environment’s adaptive thermal comfort level was level III. It was hot indoors, but the light and acoustic environments met the requirements. Building designs based on a built environment optimized by external shading systems aim to solve problems through building performance simulation and qualitative analysis. After optimization, the thermal environment improved. According to the literature review, this research focused on a healthy built environment with a sustainable passive design in terms of building performance. A research workflow was established that could be used for more practical research, with abundant research methods. The problems were solved to varying degrees, and the Lingnan architectural culture was preserved. Moreover, this research filled the gap in interactive research on healthy built environments with sustainable passive design regarding building performance","Acoustic; Building performance; Healthy built environment; Light; Lingnan area; Passive design; Residential building; Sustainability; Thermal","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","General Support","","",""
"uuid:036f0184-1e84-40c9-9712-72803c2b4499","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:036f0184-1e84-40c9-9712-72803c2b4499","Multi-zone optimisation of high-rise buildings using artificial intelligence for sustainable metropolises. Part 1: Background, methodology, setup, and machine learning results","Ekici, B. (TU Delft Teachers of Practice / AE+T; TU Delft Design Informatics); Kazanasmaz, Tuğçe (Izmir Institute of Technology); Turrin, M. (TU Delft Design Informatics); Tasgetiren, Fatih (Yasar University); Sariyildiz, I.S. (TU Delft Design Informatics)","","2021","Designing high-rise buildings is one of the complex tasks of architecture because it involves interdisciplinary performance aspects in the conceptual phase. The necessity for sustainable high-rise buildings has increased owing to the demand for metropolises based on population growth and urbanisation trends. Although artificial intelligence (AI) techniques support swift decision-making when addressing multiple performance aspects related to sustainable buildings, previous studies only examined single floors because modelling and optimising the entire building requires extensive computational time. However, different floor levels require various design decisions because of the performance variances between the ground and sky levels of high-rises in dense urban districts. This paper presents a multi-zone optimisation (MUZO) methodology to support decision-making for an entire high-rise building considering multiple floor levels and performance aspects. The proposed methodology includes parametric modelling and simulations of high-rise buildings, as well as machine learning and optimisation as AI methods. The specific setup focuses on the quad-grid and diagrid shading devices using two daylight metrics of LEED: spatial daylight autonomy and annual sunlight exposure. The parametric model generated samples to develop surrogate models using an artificial neural network. The results of 40 surrogate models indicated that the machine learning part of the MUZO methodology can report very high prediction accuracies for 31 models and high accuracies for six quad-grid and three diagrid models. The findings indicate that the MUZO can be an important part of designing high-rises in metropolises while predicting multiple performance aspects related to sustainable buildings during the conceptual design phase.","Building simulation; High-rise building; Machine learning; Optimization; Performance-based design; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Teachers of Practice / AE+T","","",""
"uuid:4b5dc410-7516-4ef5-a3ab-3c3daebc60f4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b5dc410-7516-4ef5-a3ab-3c3daebc60f4","Sustainable Development of High-Rise Residential Architecture from 1970-2014: Dubai Case Study on Modern Heritage","Raed, Abeer Abu (American University of Ras Al Khaimah); Pottgiesser, U. (TU Delft Heritage & Technology); Quist, W.J. (TU Delft Heritage & Technology)","Pottgiesser, Uta (editor); Fatoric, Sandra (editor); Hein, Carola (editor); de Maaker, Erik (editor); Pereira Roders, Ana (editor)","2021","The Government of Dubai implemented Green Building Regulations & Specifications & Specifications (GBRS). In March 2014. Dubai has more than 1000 high-rise buildings in which more than 2 million residents are accommodated. However, 62% of the existing residential high-rise buildings dating from 1970-2014 do not meet the requirements of the new GBRS. The paper suggests a sustainability plan framework for the modern heritage buildings in Dubai that satisfies the new building regulations. This will require the development of a new set of tools to adequately protect and keep the identity and heritage of the existing buildings instead of replacing them with new ones. In this context, several case studies are presented, analyzed and discussed to present the potential and the challenges of keeping these buildings.Many of the existing buildings built in the City of Dubai from 1970-2014 are part of the memory of the place and contribute to the story of Dubai’s development in the recent past. This research aims at protecting and documenting an important phase of the history of the urban development in the City of Dubai, highlighting the time period in which the initial principles that govern and guide the development of the city were developed. As part of Dubai modern heritage, the buildings under study have had a major impact on shaping the urban environment and crystallizing the architectural character of Dubai’s development in the 1970s and 1980s. Besides that, the headlong modernization of Dubai will eliminate all evidence of the city’s evolution. As a result, retrofitting of existing buildings should not only improve energy efficiency and performance but also keep theidentity and heritage of the City of Dubai instead of replacing buildings with new ones.","Modern Heritage; Sustainability; High-rise Buildings; Dubai; Green Building","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Technology","","",""
"uuid:4b480046-29e5-48da-b8bc-dec3b27d5647","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b480046-29e5-48da-b8bc-dec3b27d5647","Sustainable materials for 3D concrete printing","Bhattacherjee, Shantanu (Indian Institute of Technology Madras); Basavaraj, Anusha S. (Indian Institute of Technology Madras); Rahul, A. V. (Universiteit Gent); Santhanam, Manu (Indian Institute of Technology Madras); Gettu, Ravindra (Indian Institute of Technology Madras); Schlangen, E. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Chen, Y. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Copuroglu, Oguzhan (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Wang, Li (Hebei University of Technology)","","2021","This paper explores the sustainability aspects of binders used in concrete 3D concrete printing. Firstly, a prospective approach to conduct sustainability-assessment based on the life cycle of 3D printed structures is presented, which also highlights the importance of considering the functional requirements of the mixes used for 3D printing. The potential of the material production phase is emphasized to enhance the sustainability potential of 3DCP by reducing the embodied impacts. The literature on the different binder systems used for producing 3D printable mixtures is reviewed. This review includes binders based on portland cement and supplementary cementing materials (SCMs) such as fly ash, silica-fume and slag. Also, alternative binders such as geopolymer, calcium sulfo-aluminate cement (CSA), limestone calcined clay cement (LC3) and reactive magnesium oxide systems are explored. Finally, sustainability assessment by quantifying the environmental impacts in terms of energy consumed and CO2 emissions of mixtures is illustrated with different binder systems. This paper underlines the effect of using SCMs and alternative binder systems for improving the sustainability of 3D printed structures.","3D printing; Cementitious binders; Low carbon binder; Low energy binder; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2021-12-29","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:c2a21127-ea9f-4468-8f6c-ce6b0551fe0e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c2a21127-ea9f-4468-8f6c-ce6b0551fe0e","A Circular Healthcare Economy; a feasibility study to reduce surgical stainless steel waste","van Straten, Bart (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology; Van Straten Medical); Dankelman, J. (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology); van der Eijk, A. (Leiden University Medical Center); Horeman, T. (TU Delft Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology)","","2021","The Circular Economy faces a growing interest. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of a circular approach towards reusing discarded hospital instruments and stainless steel waste. Secondary, this study aims to identify if any cost savings can be realized by following a circular instrument repair and recycling approach. During 6 months SS waste from three hospitals was collected. Both repair as well as recycling possibilities were evaluated by analyzing the waste composition and by calculating the percentage of SS that could be recovered and turned into raw material. Cost savings were calculated for three categories: (1) extending the life cycle of instruments by repair instead of disposal, (2) recycling of instruments by means of melting it into raw material, and (3) savings on waste handling costs. A total of 1,380 kg instrument waste was collected of which 237 kg was refurbished and returned to the hospitals for being put in use, resulting in savings of € 38,868 (1). Of the 1,143 kg SS instruments, sheet material was made to manufacture components for new instrument baskets. The SS revenues of € 1,040 were sufficient, covering logistical and disinfection costs (2). The hospital savings on waste costs were € 316 (3). The total gain for the hospitals were € 39,184. These results indicate that circularity as a sustainable model could provide a basis for a new approach in surgical waste management, realizing cost savings and environmental benefits on the long run.","Circular economy; Corporate social responsibility; Recycling; Sustainability; Sustainable business models; Sustainable policies","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Medical Instruments & Bio-Inspired Technology","","",""
"uuid:d5b52085-5f7d-4101-8f92-fc67e548424e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d5b52085-5f7d-4101-8f92-fc67e548424e","A techno-economic analysis of membrane-based advanced treatment processes for the reuse of municipal wastewater","Kehrein, P.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Jafari Eshlaghi, M. (TU Delft BT/Environmental Biotechnology); Slagt, Marc (DuPont); Cornelissen, Emile (KWR Water Research Institute; Universiteit Gent); Osseweijer, P. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Posada Duque, J.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (TU Delft BT/Environmental Biotechnology)","","2021","The objective of this paper is to compare, under Dutch market conditions, the energy consumption and net costs of membrane-based advanced treatment processes for three water reuse types (i.e. potable, industrial, agricultural reuse). The water source is municipal waste-water treatment plant effluent. Results indicate that the application of reverse osmosis is needed to reclaim high quality water for industrial and potable reuse but not for irrigation water which offers significant energy savings but may not lead automatically to lower net costs. While a reclamation process for industrial reuse is economically most promising, irrigation water reclamation processes are not cost effective due to low water prices. Moreover, process operational expenditures may exceed capital expenditures which is important for tender procedures. A significant cost factor is waste management that may exceed energy costs. Water recovery rates could be significantly enhanced through the integration of a softener/biostabilizer unit prior to reverse osmosis. Moreover, the energy consumption of wastewater reclamation processes could be supplied on-site with solar energy. The possibility of designing a ‘fit for multi-purpose’ reclamation process is discussed briefly. This comparative analysis allows for better informed decision making about which reuse type is preferably targeted in a municipal wastewater reuse project from a process design perspective.","Cost-benefit analysis; Process innovation and optimization; Sustainability; Techno-economic assessment; Water reuse; Water-energy nexus","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","BT/Biotechnology and Society","","",""
"uuid:55da5170-afcd-4b5a-a847-b4b304be32e3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:55da5170-afcd-4b5a-a847-b4b304be32e3","Sustainable Product Design Education: Current Practice","Watkins, Matthew (Nottingham Trent University); Casamayor, Jose L. (University of Sheffield); Ramirez, Mariano (University of New South Wales); Moreno, Mariale (3Drivers, Lisboa); Faludi, Jeremy (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Pigosso, Daniela C.A. (Technical University of Denmark)","","2021","Current production and consumption patterns are unsustainable, causing irreversible damage to the environment and human health and well-being. Designers play a vital role in resolving this problem—their decisions affect product manufacturing, distribution, use, and disposal—and hence they must be aware of the positive and negative impacts of their design decisions. Sustainable product design education is key to developing the knowledge, skills, and responsibility required for future generations of product designers and their educators to make informed and responsible decisions within their practice, and also enhance the social and environmental performance of their creations and effectively communicate the value of such decisions within a commercial context. In this article, we present insights and challenges in contemporary sustainable product design education in higher education. We document the experiences of six academics involved in teaching and researching sustainable product design in the United Kingdom, Australia, Denmark, the Netherlands, and the United States. We hope to provide a useful reference for academics seeking to adopt sustainable product design practices in their existing programs, develop new sustainable product design education programs, or reflect on their own existing product design practice.","Design education; Design for the circular economy; Eco-design; Sustainability; Sustainable design; Sustainable product design","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:5026a9fb-369c-4241-a5e8-ff1c0c132194","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5026a9fb-369c-4241-a5e8-ff1c0c132194","Prediction of stirling-cycle-based heat pump performance and environmental footprint with exergy analysis and lca","Khan, Umara (Åbo Akademi University); Zevenhoven, Ron (Åbo Akademi University); Stougie, L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Tveit, Tor Martin (Olvondo Technology)","","2021","The use of Stirling-cycle-based heat pumps in high-temperature applications and waste heat recovery at an industrial scale is of increasing interest due to the promising role in producing thermal energy with zero CO2 emissions. This paper analyzes one such technology as developed by Olvondo Technology and installed at the pharmaceutical company AstraZeneca in Sweden. In this application, the heat pump used roughly equal amounts of waste heat and electricity and generated 500 kW of steam at 10 bar. To develop and widen the use of a high-performance high-temperature heat pump that is both economically and environmentally viable and attractive, various analysis tools such as exergy analysis and life cycle assessment (LCA) can be combined. The total cumulative exergy loss (TCExL) method used in this study determines total exergy losses caused throughout the life cycle of the heat pump. Moreover, an LCA study using SimaPro was conducted, which provides insight into the different emissions and the overall environmental footprint resulting from the construction, operation (for example, 1, 8, and 15 years), and decommissioning phases of the heat pump. The combined results were compared with those of a fossil fuel oil boiler (OB), a bio-oil boiler (BOB), a natural gas-fired boiler (NGB), and a biogas boiler (BGB).","Exergy analysis; Life cycle assessment (LCA); Stirling-cycle-based heat pump; Sustainability; Total cumulative exergy loss (TCExL)","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:c4844fd6-d066-4541-b107-4021c8e1943f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c4844fd6-d066-4541-b107-4021c8e1943f","A study of graphical representations of uncertainty in LCA guide","Tensa, Melissa (Oregon State University); Wang, Jenna (Stanford University); Harris, Roscoe (Stanford University); Faludi, Jeremy (TU Delft Circular Product Design); DuPont, Bryony (Oregon State University)","","2021","This study user-tested different data visualizations for highly uncertain life cycle assessments (LCAs) to determine what best supported decision-making. Precise LCAs can only be performed once designs are finalized, due to the information necessary to complete them, but design changes in such late stages are costly. If designers could have environmental impact data earlier in the process, sustainable design choices could instead be built into the initial designs. We compiled LCAs for various product categories, finding the best means of visualizing the data for online and printable dissemination. Because this LCA data varied widely within each product category, it was necessary to display uncertainty and require users to acknowledge the uncertainty. Here, four different data visualizations were tested with engineering, design, and STEM students and professionals; both quantitative and qualitative analysis determined what visualizations were most favored and forced users to consider uncertainty. We hope that this research helps LCA data be more accessible to designers and engineers in the early phases of design, allowing those without the resources or ability to perform LCA to benefit from it and design more sustainably.","Design engineering; Sustainability; Visualisation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:1c294b74-d118-4665-b47d-912aca879bfb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1c294b74-d118-4665-b47d-912aca879bfb","Circling the square: Governance of the circular economy transition in the Amsterdam metropolitan area","Heurkens, E.W.T.M. (TU Delft Urban Development Management); Dabrowski, M.M. (TU Delft Spatial Planning and Strategy)","","2021","Circular economy (CE), the new ‘buzzword’ in urban and regional studies and policy debates, is about shifting from a linear production process towards a circular one in which the generation of waste is minimised, materials circulate in ‘closed loops’, and waste is not considered a burden but rather a resource that brings new economic opportunities. However, while there is a consensus on the need to facilitate a transition towards a circular economy, the governing of this endeavour remains extremely challenging because making a circular economy work requires cutting across sectoral, scalar, and administrative boundaries. Drawing on the sustainability transitions literature and the case of the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area, arguably one of the frontrunners on the strive towards a circular built environment and economy, the paper seeks to identify and understand barriers for CE transition at a regional scale. The findings underscore the multi-faceted nature of the challenge and offer lessons for the governance of emerging regional circular spatial-economic policies.","Circular economy; Governance; Planning; Sustainability; Transitions; Urban regions","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Urban Development Management","","",""
"uuid:55e7a8b0-a296-4758-985c-0713e661e617","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:55e7a8b0-a296-4758-985c-0713e661e617","Making sense of resilience","Cañizares Gaztelu, J.C. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology); Copeland, S.M. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology; TU Delft Values Technology and Innovation); Doorn, N. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology; TU Delft Values Technology and Innovation)","","2021","While resilience is a major concept in development, climate adaptation, and related do-mains, many doubts remain about how to interpret this term, its relationship with closely overlap-ping terms, or its normativity. One major view is that, while resilience originally was a descriptive concept denoting some adaptive property of ecosystems, subsequent applications to social contexts distorted its meaning and purpose by framing it as a transformative and normative quality. This article advances an alternative philosophical account based on the scrutiny of C.S. Holling’s original work on resilience. We show that resilience had a central role among Holling’s proposals for re-forming environmental science and management, and that Holling framed resilience as an ecosys-tem’s capacity of absorbing change and exploiting it for adapting or evolving, but also as the social ability of maintaining and opportunistically exploiting that natural capacity. Resilience therefore appears as a transformative social-ecological property that is normative in three ways: as an intrinsic ecological value, as a virtue of organizations or management styles, and as a virtuous understanding of human–nature relations. This interpretation accounts for the practical relevance of resilience, clar-ifies the relations between resilience and related terms, and is a firm ground for further normative work on resilience.","Antifragility; Ecosystem science; Efficiency; Environmental management; Lock-ins; Normativity; Resilience; Robustness; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Values Technology and Innovation","Ethics & Philosophy of Technology","","",""
"uuid:9bf61f55-1b5c-4f40-a189-dfa5910b29eb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9bf61f55-1b5c-4f40-a189-dfa5910b29eb","Attitudes matter: Measuring the intention-behaviour gap in built heritage conservation","Gonçalves, Joana (University of Minho); Mateus, Ricardo (University of Minho); Silvestre, José Dinis (Lisbon Technical University); Pereira Roders, A. (TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology); Bragança, Luís (University of Minho)","","2021","This research applies the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) to measure the gap between designers’ intentions towards heritage conservation and the actual design decisions. It aims at contributing to identify which psychological constructs (attitude, norm, perception of control) are hindering the implementation of sustainable conservation approaches in practice. The results suggest that attitudes have a significant correlation with performed behaviour, and that norms, despite impacting intentions, do not necessarily correlate with the performed actions. Using the TPB to analyse designers' behaviours is an innovative methodological approach that opens new possibilities for the design of interventions targeting behavioural change towards the implementation of sustainable conservation practices in built heritage.","Behavior; Built environment; Heritage; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2021-10-05","","Architectural Engineering +Technology","","","",""
"uuid:4f5feb40-99b0-43be-adb0-7ab3851f3a17","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4f5feb40-99b0-43be-adb0-7ab3851f3a17","Conveying information through food packaging: A literature review comparing legislation with consumer perception","Schifferstein, Hendrik N.J. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics); de Boer, Alie (Universiteit Maastricht); Lemke, M. (TU Delft Design Aesthetics)","","2021","Although governments have implemented regulations to inform consumers on important product properties and protect consumers from deceptive information, empirical research on how consumers perceive, interpret and experience food packages have shown frequently that consumers may be misled by how information is presented and packages are designed. While communication in some domains is strictly regulated (health), claims in other domains are largely free (nature) and do not require substantiation. Subtleties in wording, image use and image style may affect the impressions consumers form. To support consumer decision making, legislators should not only provide rules and regulations that are formally correct, but also consider the effects a message and the way it is communicated (e.g., content, typeface, size, use of images, stylistic features) may have on buyers. While it may be unclear how best to support desirable behaviours, companies that take social responsibility can build on our work to develop their strategy.","Claims; Design; Health; Packaging; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Design Aesthetics","","",""
"uuid:49128a77-911e-405e-8b09-96746cdc6c19","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:49128a77-911e-405e-8b09-96746cdc6c19","Ethics of smart cities: Towards value-sensitive design and co-evolving city life","Helbing, D. (ETH Zürich; Complexity Science Hub Vienna); Fanitabasi, F. (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam); Giannotti, Fosca (ISTI-CNR); Hänggli, Regula (University of Fribourg); Hausladen, Carina I. (ETH Zürich); van den Hoven, M.J. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology); Mahajan, Sachit (ETH Zürich); Pedreschi, Dino (University of Pisa); Pournaras, E.P. (University of Leeds)","","2021","The digital revolution has brought about many societal changes such as the creation of “smart cities”. The smart city concept has changed the urban ecosystem by embedding digital technologies in the city fabric to enhance the quality of life of its inhabitants. However, it has also led to some pressing issues and challenges related to data, privacy, ethics inclusion, and fairness. While the initial concept of smart cities was largely technology-and data-driven, focused on the automation of traffic, logistics and processes, this concept is currently being replaced by technology-enabled, human-centred solutions. However, this is not the end of the development, as there is now a big trend towards “design for values”. In this paper, we point out how a value-sensitive design approach could promote a more sustainable pathway of cities that better serves people and nature. Such “valuesensitive design” will have to take ethics, law and culture on board. We discuss how organising the digital world in a participatory way, as well as leveraging the concepts of self-organisation, selfregulation, and self-control, would foster synergy effects and thereby help to leverage a sustainable technological revolution on a global scale. Furthermore, a “democracy by design” approach could also promote resilience.","Co-creation; Digital democracy; Participation; Resilience; Smart cities; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Ethics & Philosophy of Technology","","",""
"uuid:ebb4d172-6ac1-4076-8830-cfdaabb51683","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ebb4d172-6ac1-4076-8830-cfdaabb51683","Financial, institutional, environmental, technical, and social (FIETS) aspects of water, sanitation, and hygiene conditions in indigenous - rural Indonesia","Daniel, D. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Universitas Gadjah Mada); Djohan, Dennis (Student TU Delft); Machairas, Ilias (Student TU Delft); Pande, S. (TU Delft Water Resources); Arifin, Arifin (Bandung Institute of Technology); Djono, Trimo Pamudji Al (Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Sapta Taruna); Rietveld, L.C. (TU Delft Water Management)","","2021","Background: There is increasing recognition of the complexity underlying WASH conditions in developing countries. This article explores the complexity by assessing the vulnerability of a specific area to poor WASH conditions using a qualitative approach. Methods: We present our findings for the district of East Sumba in Indonesia. This area is known as one of the poorest regions in Indonesia with inadequate WASH services, indigenous belief that hinder the practice of WASH-related behaviours, and has a high rate of children malnutrition. All the factors that contribute to poor WASH conditions were discussed through the lens of the Financial, Institutional, Environmental, Technological, and Social (FIETS) framework. We then summarised the factors and visualized the “system” using a mind map which shows how factors are interconnected and helps to find the root causes of poor WASH conditions. Results: There are three main challenges that inhibit the improvement of WASH conditions in this area: inadequate institutional capacity, water scarcity, and poor socio-economic conditions. We found that a village leader is the most important actor who influences the sustainability of WASH services in this area and healthcare workers are influential WASH promoters. This study also shows how culture shapes people’s daily lives and institution performance, and influences the current WASH conditions in East Sumba. The mind map shows there is an overlap and interconnection between FIEST aspects and WASH conditions in the study area. Conclusion: WASH conditions are influenced by many factors and are often interconnected with each other. Understanding this complexity is necessary to improve WASH conditions and sustain adequate WASH services in developing countries. Finally, WASH interventions have to be considerate of the prevailing cultural practices and should involve multidisciplinary stakeholders.","Culture; FIETS; Qualitative analysis; Sanitation; Sustainability; Water supply; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:1d71afcd-d80d-4491-8494-4698f48bd5c8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1d71afcd-d80d-4491-8494-4698f48bd5c8","Life cycle analysis approach to comparing environmental impacts of alternative materials used in the construction of small wastewater treatment plants","Pryce, David (University of Exeter); Memon, Fayyaz Ali (University of Exeter); Kapelan, Z. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; University of Exeter)","","2021","With the aim of reducing the environmental burden of decentralized wastewater treatment plants in India, this project investigated five primary materials (stainless steel (SS), mild steel (MS), glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP), high density polyethylene (HDPE), and reinforced concrete cement (RCC)) in terms of the relative environmental impact that each would incur across 13 midpoint and 4 endpoint impact categories during the early life stages. The results showed that SS demonstrated substantially higher impact in total (5.47 Pt) and across each of the endpoint categories, most notably human health (3.12 Pt). Further investigations demonstrated that this was largely fed by the respiratory inorganics midpoint category that accounted for 50 % of the total impact (2.75 Pt), while global warming (0.93 Pt), non-renewable energy (0.70 Pt) and terrestrial ecotoxicity (0.62 Pt) were the only other considerable impacts. GFRP incurred the second greatest impact overall (2.32 Pt), while MS, RCC and HDPE followed with 1.82 Pt, 0.78 Pt, and 0.39 Pt respectively. HDPE afforded the greatest efficiency in all midpoint categories except carcinogens where RCC incurred the least environmental cost. Results were then compared with previous work and likely causal factors highlighted. Further study is recommended to investigate the longevity of the alternative materials in a wastewater containment role to support these results.","LCA; Sewage treatment plant; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:7208caf1-cd0b-49b4-bc0d-6ad8a8fd886b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7208caf1-cd0b-49b4-bc0d-6ad8a8fd886b","Measuring consumers’ product care tendency: Scale development and validation","Ackermann, L. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior; Salzburg University of Applied Sciences); Schoormans, J.P.L. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior); Mugge, R. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior; TU Delft Design, Organisation and Strategy)","","2021","Product care is defined as all activities initiated by consumers that encourage an extension of product lifetimes, such as repair, maintenance, and/or careful handling. A product care scale was developed and validated in a set of four related studies. In study 1, we asked experts to examine the face validity of a set of 35 items. In study 2, we reduced the initial set of items to 10 items using exploratory factor analysis. A subsequent confirmatory factor analysis supported a three-factor solution. Study 3, a nomological network study, demonstrated that the construct measured by our scale is related but still distinguishable from existing concepts, such as frugality, use innovativeness and attachment towards the product. Study 4 was a known-groups test with participants from two different countries and with various previous experiences in repairing. The final 10-item product care scale includes three factors: relevance, easiness and positive experience.","Maintenance; Pro-environmental behaviour; Repair; Scale development; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Design, Organisation and Strategy","Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior","","",""
"uuid:84021741-a904-493a-ba87-974ed8a4abab","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:84021741-a904-493a-ba87-974ed8a4abab","Multi-zone optimisation of high-rise buildings using artificial intelligence for sustainable metropolises. Part 2: Optimisation problems, algorithms, results, and method validation","Ekici, B. (TU Delft Teachers of Practice / AE+T; TU Delft Design Informatics); Kazanasmaz, Tugce (Izmir Institute of Technology); Turrin, M. (TU Delft Design Informatics); Tasgetiren, Fatih (Yasar University); Sariyildiz, I.S. (TU Delft Design Informatics)","","2021","High-rise building optimisation is becoming increasingly relevant owing to global population growth and urbanisation trends. Previous studies have demonstrated the potential of high-rise optimisation but have been focused on the use of the parameters of single floors for the entire design; thus, the differences related to the impact of the dense surroundings are not taken into consideration. Part 1 of this study presents a multi-zone optimisation (MUZO) methodology and surrogate models (SMs), which provide a swift and accurate prediction for the entire building design; hence, the SMs can be used for optimisation processes. Owing to the high number of parameters involved in the design process, the optimisation task remains challenging. This paper presents how MUZO can cope with an enormous number of parameters to optimise the entire design of high-rise buildings using three algorithms with an adaptive penalty function. Two design scenarios are considered for quad-grid and diagrid shading devices, glazing type, and building-shape parameters using the setup, and the SMs developed in part 1. The optimisation part of the MUZO methodology reported satisfactory results for spatial daylight autonomy and annual sunlight exposure by meeting the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design standards in 19 of 20 optimisation problems. To validate the impact of the methodology, optimised designs were compared with 8748 and 5832 typical quad-grid and diagrid scenarios, respectively, using the same design parameters for all floor levels. The findings indicate that the MUZO methodology provides significant improvements in the optimisation of high-rise buildings in dense urban areas.","Building simulation; High-rise building; Machine learning; Optimization; Performance-based design; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Teachers of Practice / AE+T","","",""
"uuid:c8a9da3c-2a2b-4c30-9927-bb6e8f7d04bf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c8a9da3c-2a2b-4c30-9927-bb6e8f7d04bf","Techno-economic assessment of energy retrofitting educational buildings: A case study in Saudi Arabia","Hamida, M.B. (TU Delft Real Estate Management; King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals); Ahmed, Wahhaj (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals); Asif, Muhammad (King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals); Almaziad, Faris Abdullah (Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal university)","","2021","The buildings and construction sector accounts for the majority of the energy consumption in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). For a sustainable future, energy consumption in the sector should be reduced and existing buildings need to be energy retrofitted. A number of studies present energy retrofitting of residential buildings in KSA; however, there is a lack of studies presenting retrofitting of educational buildings. Thus, the aim of this study is to adopt a BIM-based approach to assess Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs) in a prototypical Government-built educational building in Dammam, KSA. The methodology consists of six prime steps, (1) case study data collection, (2) energy auditing, (3) proposing ECMs, (4) BIM model development, (5) energy assessment, and (6) economic assessment. The energy audit revealed several inefficiencies in the building construction and operation and four ECMs were proposed and simulated. It was found that annual energy consumption can be reduced by 22.7% in the educational building, and the investment for the four ECMs is paid back in 2.7 years only. Therefore, implementing the proposed ECMs is a viable option to energy retrofit such educational buildings in the country, and the presented BIM-based approach can be adopted to efficiently conduct the energy retrofitting process.","Educational buildings; Energy auditing; Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs); Energy efficiency; KSA; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Real Estate Management","","",""
"uuid:a5c78daa-48a0-4d46-ada5-93fdc7c003fc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a5c78daa-48a0-4d46-ada5-93fdc7c003fc","Key competencies for design in a circular economy: Exploring gaps in design knowledge and skills for a circular economy","Sumter, Deborah (TU Delft Circular Product Design); de Koning, J.I.J.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability); Bakker, C.A. (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Balkenende, R. (TU Delft Circular Product Design)","","2021","In a recent study, we identified seven key circular competencies for design: (1) Design for Multiple Use Cycles, (2) Design for Recovery, (3) Circular Impact Assessment, (4) Circular Business Models, (5) Circular User Engagement, (6) Circular Economy Collaboration, and (7) Circular Economy Communication. These were derived from small‐scale studies with designers working in the Netherlands. We set out to assess to what extent this set of seven competencies is recognized by an international group of designers and to evaluate whether any competencies are missing. We used an online survey to collect data from 128 respondents from 25 countries working on circular economy projects. The survey results showed that respondents use and have expertise in all seven competencies and they stressed the practical importance of two new competencies: Circular Systems Thinking and Circular Materials and Manufacturing. The resulting set of nine key competencies is the first internationally verified, coherent set of key circular economy competencies for design. This set will strengthen the pedagogical base of design for a circular economy and will guide the development of circular design methodology.","Circular design; Circular economy; Competencies; Design education; Product design; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:3df91ea1-72d7-4042-bc12-30f7f0d47061","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3df91ea1-72d7-4042-bc12-30f7f0d47061","Comprehensive study on the most sustainable concrete design made of recycled concrete, glass and mineral wool from C&D wastes","Gebremariam, A.T. (TU Delft Resources & Recycling); Vahidi, A. (TU Delft Resources & Recycling); Di Maio, F. (TU Delft Resources & Recycling); Moreno-Juez, J. (Technalia); Vegas-Ramiro, I. (Technalia); Łagosz, Artur (AGH University of Science and Technology); Mróz, Radosław (AGH University of Science and Technology); Rem, P.C. (TU Delft Resources & Recycling)","","2021","This study focuses on formulating the most sustainable concrete by incorporating recycled concrete aggregates and other products retrieved from construction and demolition (C&D) activities. Both recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) and recycled fine aggregates (RFA) are firstly used to fully replace the natural coarse and fine aggregates in the concrete mix design. Later, the cement rich ultrafine particles, recycled glass powder and mineral fibres recovered from construction and demolition wastes (CDW) are further incorporated at a smaller rate either as cement substituent or as supplementary additives. Remarkable properties are noticed when the RCA (4–12 mm) and RFA (0.25–4 mm) are fully used to replace the natural aggregates in a new concrete mix. The addition of recycled cement rich ultrafines (RCU), Recycled glass ultrafines (RGU) and recycled mineral fibres (RMF) into recycled concrete improves the modulus of elasticity. The final concrete, which comprises more than 75% (wt.) of recycled components/materials, is believed to be the most sustainable and green concrete mix. Mechanical properties and durability of this concrete have been studied and found to be within acceptable limits, indicating the potential of recycled aggregates and other CDW components in shaping sustainable and circular construction practices.","Circularity; Construction and demolition wastes; Mineral additions; Mineral fibers; Recycled aggregates; Recycled glass; Recycling concrete; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Resources & Recycling","","",""
"uuid:103ddb3b-2a45-4cbb-a656-5bb1ac327161","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:103ddb3b-2a45-4cbb-a656-5bb1ac327161","Gamification of backcasting for sustainability: The development of the gameful backcasting framework (GAMEBACK)","Guillen Mandujano, Georgina (Tampere University); Quist, J.N. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Hamari, Juho (Tampere University)","","2021","Considering how wicked problems, such as overconsumption, climate change, or the management of the COVID-19 pandemic rely on multiple stakeholder groups’ deliberation, this study investigates gamification's potential in participatory backcasting processes to support the emergence and growth of social innovations towards sustainability. Gameful methodologies have progressively been introduced into strategic planning processes, futures research, and transition studies, offering a powerful input to participatory backcasting processes. As gamification is a novel and impactful way to motivate and engage participants to take action during and after the participatory process, this study develops a framework for practitioners to gamify backcasting processes. Developed through state-of-the-art review of extant corpus as well as two cases of gamified participatory backcasting, the framework elucidates how participatory backcasting processes that include gamification elements designed to address engagement do have an impact on the participants, particularly in terms of the process being a positive, co-creative experience, and offer a good foundation for posterior actions.","Gamification; Participatory backcasting; Social innovations; Sustainability; Sustainable lifestyles","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:a0dfc641-150c-4131-90cd-11a885bb76f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a0dfc641-150c-4131-90cd-11a885bb76f0","Factors Affecting the Integration of Sustainability in the Early Project Phases in an Integrated Project Management Model","Molaei, M. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management; TU Delft Public Commissioning); Hertogh, M.J.C.M. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management); Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management); Tamak, Robin (Student TU Delft)","Cuevas, Roxana (editor); Bodea, Constanta-Nicoleta (editor); Torres-Lima, Pablo (editor)","2021","This study investigates the factors affecting the integration of sustainability into the project management of infrastructure projects, specifically highway projects during early phases. The research was drawn upon previous studies in order to develop a sustainability framework for measuring the project success in three aspects of sustainability: People, Planet, and Prosperity (triple bottom line). Next, Critical Success Factor (CSF) framework in the construction sector was extracted through a comprehensive literature review. A qualitative cross-case analysis was conducted on three sustainability-oriented highways projects in the Netherlands. Data were collected through document review and twelve in-depth interviews with different roles of Integrated Project Management (IPM) model. The findings suggest that each IPM role is inclined towards specific sustainability dimension which affects the application of sustainability CSFs. The results reveal that among the sixteen identified CSFs promoting the integration of sustainability, following factors were acknowledged by all the IPM roles: awareness of project external factors, clearly defined scope, clearly defined goals/ambitions. Further, the paper conceptualizes a model for integrating key roles involved in the project management of infrastructure projects. The model is based on the triple bottom line of sustainability bringing all the roles involved in the project management of infrastructure projects together.","Project management; Sustainability; Infrastructure projects; Highway projects; IPM model; CSFs","en","conference paper","Springer","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2021-06-18","","","Integral Design & Management","","",""
"uuid:56fa18aa-fc64-44cf-b842-2d6575af715c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:56fa18aa-fc64-44cf-b842-2d6575af715c","Validation of a Risk Application Matrix and Adding Recycling of Scrap Steel to the CERA Raw Materials Certification Scheme","van der Meer, Olaf (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Buxton, M.W.N. (mentor); Keersemaker, M. (graduation committee); Förster, Lukas (mentor); Lottermoser, Bernd (graduation committee); Guerrero, Dr. Rodrigo Serna (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The aim of this master thesis is to improve a raw materials certification scheme by checking and validating the application matrix and the coherent hazards developed for the Certification of Raw materials (CERA) project. The scope of the original application matrix included exploration, mining, physical processing, chemical processing, smelting and refining. The validation in this thesis was focussed on the iron ore value chain. This validation showed that important methods associated with these processes were missing in the application matrix. Two main sections that are absent are recycling and storage and transportation, which have been added to the application matrix including the main methods used within those two sections. The risks and hazards developed by CERA, associated with the application matrix’s processes and methods, are transformed to only hazards. Next to this, new hazards are suggested to make the hazards list more holistically applicable. After the addition of recycling to the application matrix, an analysis on the addition of recycling to the CERA Performance Standard (CPS) and to the CERA Chain of Custody Standard (CCS) was done. This analysis showed that adding recycling to the Performance Standard deals with few challenges due to it being an industrial activity with many similarities to methods used in processing and smelting. Therefore, with the additions that are proposed in the validation of the matrix and the hazards analysis, recycling can be easily added to the CPS. This is done by including collection centres, recycling facilities and scrap transport in the standard under the general term ‘recycling facilities’. Adding recycled material to the CCS can be done in different ways, this thesis proposes multiple options of which three are viable. First, three types of recyclable materials have been distinguished: Recyclables of which the origin is known (1); Recyclables of which the origin is unknown and no further information is available (2); Recyclables of which the origin is unknown but a due diligence can show that it has sufficient added value to the raw materials value chain with regard to responsibility and sustainability (3). In all cases, CERA should include the certification of recycled material of which the origin is known. The first viable option is to only certify type one with the original CCS certificate and exclude the other two types from the scope. This requires no extra certification or requirements by CERA. The second viable option for CERA would be to also certify type three within the original CCS certification standard, and add a ‘recycled label’ to materials of type two. The third viable option would be for CERA to develop a ‘CCS recycled’ certificate for materials of the third type mentioned, and add a ‘recycled label’ to materials of type two. CERA should decide which option is best according to their basic criteria and values. If CERA decides to select option one, CERA safeguards their integrity but the option is lacking holistic applicability. If option two is preferred, CERA increases their holistic applicability level, however, the integrity of CERA might be at stake. If CERA decides to select option three, holistic applicability is maximized and their integrity is safeguarded, however, the system of CERA is complicated due to different levels of certifying.","Certification; Sustainability; raw materials; Recycling","en","master thesis","","","","","","https://www.cera-standard.org/ The CERA Standard for Certifying Raw materials","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences | European Mining Course","Certification of Raw Materials","51.46223,7.05730"
"uuid:e2944a54-8d9e-4c67-8f83-34599f532ec8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e2944a54-8d9e-4c67-8f83-34599f532ec8","Circular kitchen appliances: Designing an oven to enable refurbishment","Hoogeveen, Lisa (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mugge, R. (mentor); van Dam, S.S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The Dutch government wants to be circular in 2050. The industry of kitchens and kitchen appliances needs new innovative models of practice to reduce its environmental footprint. As kitchen appliance manufacturer, ATAG Benelux is investing in innovation to create more sustainable and circular business propositions. In a circular economy products and materials have to ‘loop’ back into the system after they lost value, but ATAG’s current system is linear, bringing the appliances to the customer and not returning them. The aim of this thesis is to explore how ATAG can use design to contribute to a circular economy. It is a collaboration between ATAG Benelux and Delft University of Technology. This thesis focuses on the user, their behavior, and their attitudes towards Product Service Systems (PSS's) and Refurbishment as they play a big role in business models. As a case study, the combi-steam oven is used to explore PSS's. The user’s attitude towards refurbishment and circular PSS’s is explored through in-depth interviews. The results reveal several challenges in acceptance for different types of ownership of ovens and show that for the target group of ATAG a system of buy-back is most suitable. The context of retaining value for refurbishment was researched through literature, interviews, and creative sessions. This shows different directions for design to benefit the refurbishment process. The recommended circular business proposition is for ATAG to take back appliances after a use cycle. ATAG Benelux can refurbish its products to save materials and resources. For refurbishment it is important that products retain their value as long as possible. The final design consists of return incentives for users and the Care Assistant. This human centered design stimulates product care, which is a type of sustainable use and handling. The design will influence the user’s behavior in a sustainable way to retain more value, enable efficient refurbishment and a second life cycle. The product care is needed to have a longer product life, or to take back an appliance that is in a better state (than it would be if product care had not been stimulated). With a buy-back system, users are stimulated to return the appliances, rather than let the appliance end up in recycling or worse.","Kitchen appliance; Circular Economy; Sustainability; Refurbishment; product care","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:9f7cceaf-9942-4fa4-aadf-7109d53f51e8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9f7cceaf-9942-4fa4-aadf-7109d53f51e8","Food Waste Prevention: a design intervention for Households","Dott, Jelle (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Schoormans, J.P.L. (mentor); Boon, M.J.B. (graduation committee); van Eijl, Mirte (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","class=""MsoNormal"">Globally one-third of all food that is producedfor human consumption is wasted (FAO, 2013). Although it happens across theentire Food Supply Chain, 53% of all food waste in Europe takes place withinconsumers’ households (Stenmarck et al., 2016). All this waste has seriousconsequences for the environment and if we want to achieve our ‘food waste reductionof 30% by 2025 and 50% by 2030’ (UN, 2020) more needs to be done. An assignmentwas formulated together, with the Delft based organization I Change, to developa product/service that facilitates consumer food waste prevention by addressingthe household routines. By reviewing consumers’ existing household routines andthe motives of their food-wasting behavior, it has been discovered thatconflicting goals are the main reason consumers are wasting food. On the onehand consumers are willing to reduce their food waste because it is a purewaste of money, ethically wrong and because they feel ashamed or guilty whendoing it (van Dooren & Mensink, 2018). On the other hand, consumers wastefood because they strive for convenience, want to be good providers by makingsure there is enough to eat and want to be prepared for uncertainties (e.g.:working overtime, unexpected guests) (Graham-Rowe, Jessop & Sparks, 2014). These food wasting motives have led to manyconsumers lacking the ‘good food habits’ needed to make both convenient andgood choices. These good food habitsinclude making shopping lists, setting up meals plans and checking stock beforegoing shopping. According to Ooijendijk et al. (2019) having and sticking to theseroutines can prevent up to 50% of the total amount of food consumers waste. Through an iterative design and test processEetkaartjes was developed. Essentially this product is a set of product categorylabels that consumers use in their fridge, freezer and/ or cupboards whichenables them to become better organized. Based on results from the testingphase it was concluded that through better organization, several of the previouslydiscussed lacking ‘good food habits’ improved. This ultimately resulted in lessfood being wasted. I Change has beenprovided with several implementation options for the product. A productionproposal was made which enables them to continue with a detailed physical versionof the product. The affordable cost estimation and interest from theNetherlands Nutrition Centre, makes this an interesting direction to furtherlook into. A second proposal was madefor a simplified flyer version of the product. This version is cheap to produceand easy to distribute but requires additional effort from the consumer toimplement it. A third proposal was madein the direction of education. Samen Tegen Voedselverspilling expressedinterest into this direction and collaborative next steps are being discussed. I Change is advised to continue theconversation with external parties and look into the different implementation possibilitiesof the product, conducting additional small scale tests to validate remaininguncertainties and determine which strategy has the most potential.","Strategic Design; Design Intervention; Food Waste Reduction; Behavior Change; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:f1b2ab0b-590c-4410-83a4-11011787d553","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f1b2ab0b-590c-4410-83a4-11011787d553","Surgical team’ sustainable employability in minimally invasive surgery: To achieve a balanced employability to counteract waste of talent and skills in a sustainable way","Peters, kARLIJN (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","van den Dobbelsteen, J.J. (mentor); Jansen, F.W. (graduation committee); van der Eijk, A.C. (graduation committee); Cornelisse, D.C.C. (graduation committee); Hermsen, P.E.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Technological developments in the medical world introduce a shift in responsibilities of the surgical team members which might result in waste of talent and skills. The latter might result in disengagement and decreased productivity and thus in illness-related absenteeism. The people pillar of sustainability aims to create a healthy workplace and thus to manage illness-related absenteeism. The objective of this research was to optimise the responsibilities of the surgical team members in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) in order to achieve a balanced and sustainable employability of the surgical team to counteract waste of talent and skills. Empirical data was collected in two different steps. In the first place, an overview of the surgical phases during the MIS procedure and an overview of the tasks performed by the perioperative nurses were made. In the second place, two different methods were used to obtain data. First, seven video recordings of a laparoscopic gynaecological procedure were analysed to obtain the distribution of the responsibilities and the percentage of (technical) tasks for each phase and the entire MIS procedure. Second, interviews with fourteen perioperative nurses were conducted to map the peak moments of a MIS procedure and to evaluate the impact of the technological developments on the nurse's workload. As a result, a fluctuation of the total duration of all tasks during the procedure was shown. A percentage higher than 70% was measured in the start phase. The perioperative nurses experienced low peak moments during 66% of the entire surgical procedure. A high impact of the technological developments was experienced by the nurses. The physical activity for MIS and robot-assisted surgery (RAS) was lower than a conventional open procedure (OS). The total duration of the technical tasks was highest in the second phase of the MIS procedure. The nurses indicated that this phase took longer compared to the same phase in OS procedures because of the amount of equipment that has to be connected. In conclusion, an unbalanced employability was recognised during MIS and technological developments had a high impact on the activities of the perioperative nurses. This research has several recommendations. First, a more sustainable employability will be achieved when two perioperative nurses will be scheduled for three surgical procedures during 66% of the MIS procedure. Second, deployment of a technical perioperative nurse will decrease the amount of workload. Last, by giving the perioperative nurses more responsibilities in MIS, the talent and skills will not be wasted leading to a more balanced employability of the surgical team members.","Sustainability; Employability; Workload; Operating room; Surgical team members","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2022-10-21","","","","Biomedical Engineering","",""
"uuid:d2fd0260-75a5-4d1a-a922-dd49ec827204","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d2fd0260-75a5-4d1a-a922-dd49ec827204","Barriers and triggers in the process of purchasing a Fairphone","van den Heuvel, Johan (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Bakker, C.A. (mentor); de Jonge, F.M. (graduation committee); Boshuizen, Leon (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Smartphone companies sell around 1.4 billion phones every year all across the world (Gouwens, 2020). The phones that are being sold, often replace a phone that is still working fine and we only use our phones on average for 2.7 years. This creates an enormous amount of e-waste. Fairphone believes in a fairer electronics industry by making a change from the inside. They aim to make an impact by creating products that last, reducing e-waste, choosing fairer materials and putting people first. However, Fairphone is still a small player in the smartphone industry. The number of phones sold by Fairphone in 2019 is sold by Apple every 3 hours (Chau & Ryan, 2020). Fairphone wants to grow their market share and wants to appeal to light green consumers. Light green consumers try to find a balance between sustainability, quality and price while purchasing new products. Apparently these consumers live sustainably and consume consciously nowadays, but they do not purchase a Fairphone at the moment. The first part of this thesis aims to get a better understanding of the reasons of these consumers for not purchasing a Fairphone. Secondly, the insights gained from this part are used to develop a design solution that triggers these consumers to consider purchasing a Fairphone when they are in need of a new smartphone. Through a survey (n=255), semi-structured interviews (n=30) and an exploration of the literature, 73 reasons for not purchasing a Fairphone were identified. These reasons are clustered and summarised in fifteen barrier cards. By facilitating creative problem solving sessions with Fairphone employees, many ideas are developed which are summarised in a strategic roadmap. The most promising ideas are translated into con-cepts. These concepts are presented to potential customers and their feedback is used to select the most feasible, viable and desirable concept. A group of consumers appreciates the Fairphone concept, but they are not in need of a new smartphone at the moment. Through the Friends of Fairphone program, Fairphone encourages these consumers to keep their current phone in use for as long as possible. After all, the most sustainable phone is the one in your pocket. For every month they keep using their phone, Fairphone will reward them with a 1% discount on Fairphone products. Today, these consumers forget that buying a Fairphone is an option while looking for a new smartphone. Through monthly updates, the Friends of Fairphone program makes sure that they will consider a Fairphone while they are looking for a new smartphone. A working web application prototype is developed which is validated with the Fairphone user group. 86.1% of this group (n=417) would have signed up to become a Friend of Fairphone. An implementation plan is presented which contains the required next steps for launching the Friends of Fairphone program. The Friends of Fairphone program requires low investment costs, totally aligns with Fairphone’s mission and has much potential of attracting a new group of consumers.The most sustainable phone is the one in your pocket. ","Sustainability; Circular Economy; Smartphones; Barriers; Triggers","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:f5d3bfa8-a550-4603-a591-32202d1f48df","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f5d3bfa8-a550-4603-a591-32202d1f48df","3D Printing with Bioplastics","Gokhale, Sneha (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Tempelman, E. (mentor); Faludi, J.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Additive Manufacturing (AM) is undergoing a radical evolution. AM businesses such as Ultimaker (UM) are speeding up industrial production through digital design and local manufacturing to enable industries to produce “what they need, where they need it, and when they need it” (“Ultimaker”, 2019), while also being cost-effective. AM is perceived as a key sustainable technology as it enables efficient design and is believed to make less waste (“AMFG”, 2020), thus putting Ultimaker in a position to offer sustainability enhancements for their clients’ manufacturing processes. One topic of debate for AM sustainability, and the topic of investigation for this thesis, is whether bioplastics are more sustainable than fossil-based plastics for Fused Depositon Modeling (FDM) 3D Printing. Although PLA, a commonly used FDM material, is bio-based, it was hitherto unclear how much using this material and other BBPs can reduce the ecological impact of the 3D printing (3DP) process. This investigation was conducted in three phases- First, gaining an understanding of the context through literature review, market analysis and expert interviews. Second, material tests conducted to compare energy use and material properties of 3DP filaments. Third, a synthesis of findings from the first two phases into a material guide and recommendations for reducing the environmental impact of 3DPrinting. Whereas polymers are classified as bio-based/fossil-based and biodegradable/non-biodegradable, the 3DP filament materials available in the market often contain additives, fillers, or other polymers which make them difficult to categorize in a single type (Rohringer, 2020). Hence, a variety of polymers were selected for conducting material studies- including 3 UM-standard filaments, and 5 new filaments. Both environmental and functional properties were studied. For environmental impacts, literature showed that across the different parts of the 3DP filament life cycle, electricity use of the printer is the biggest contributor to ecological impact (Faludi et al., 2015). This motivated the investigation of energy use of a UM printer while printing selected materials. For functionality, expert interviews highlighted tensile properties, dimensional accuracy, and ease of printing as the most important criteria in the material selection process- thus motivating comparison tests for the same. An energy use comparison test revealed that electricity use is mainly influenced by build plate heating. More research is recommended to minimize build-plate heating for UM printers through solutions such as insulating the build chamber, or localized heating of build plate. The print quality and tensile tests affirm BIOPETG as a potential drop in replacement for UM-CPE. For both tests, new materials performed slightly worse, albeit often at acceptable levels, as compared to UM-standard materials. However, this can be attributed to the rudimentary level of print process optimization conducted for the new materials. Thus, it is recommended that these materials go through an elaborate optimization process in order to gain a more accurate impression of functional performance. As the final outcome of this investigation, the data collected was compiled into a material guide containing material properties and sustainability indicators. This visual can be referred by end-users like engineers, designers and production professionals to make appropriate material choices for their applications.","3D Printing; Bioplastics; Sustainability; Materials; FDM printing; Ultimaker","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:26655b53-2aab-4fa2-943d-943ebd037c5e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26655b53-2aab-4fa2-943d-943ebd037c5e","Just Energy? Designing for Ethical Acceptability in Smart Grids","Milchram, C. (TU Delft Economics of Technology and Innovation)","Kunneke, R.W. (promotor); Hillerbrand, R.C. (promotor); van de Kaa, G. (promotor); Doorn, N. (promotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Smart grids within the transition to sustainable energy systems Smart grid systems are widely considered as crucial in the energy transition, because they allow for greater flexibility in bridging temporal gaps between electricity supply and demand in renewable energy systems. To do so, the systems make use of information and communication technologies to measure and monitor supply and demand in real-time, on the basis of which the use of renewable electricity can be optimized. Despite this important role in future renewable energy systems, the introduction of smart grids comes with serious moral repercussions, for example for data privacy and security, autonomy and control, or distributive justice. This dissertation analyzes the moral implications of smart grid systems, and provides guidance for designers and policymakers on how to address these implications in smart grid technologies and institutions, with the ultimate motive to increase the systems’ ethical acceptability. Interdisciplinary in nature, the research contributes to value-sensitive design, institutional analysis, and energy justice. It is in line with academic endeavors to enrich energy research with insights from the social sciences and humanities. It thereby adds to a literature that is dominated by technological approaches and presents smart grids as a technical ‘fix’ to make electricity systems more sustainable. The main body of this dissertation consists of four papers that, collectively, address the ethical acceptability of smart grids. It combines conceptual insights with empirical investigations. Conceptual investigations draw from ethics of technology, value-sensitive design and theories of justice used in the energy justice literature. Empirical methods involve qualitative content analysis and case study research to understand affected stakeholders’ value conceptions and perceptions of a technology...","Energy systems; Energy transition; Sustainability; Energy policy; Smart grids; Smart energy; Ethical acceptability; Social acceptance; Values; Value-sensitive design; Design for values; Energy justice; Design for justice; Institutional analysis; Institutional Analysis and Development framework; IAD framework; Responsible research and innovation","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-6384-163-4","","","","","","","","","Economics of Technology and Innovation","","",""
"uuid:1ea90924-dac4-4163-ae6f-9cc8baa19d57","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ea90924-dac4-4163-ae6f-9cc8baa19d57","Towards Circular Bicycle Development: Introducing a tool for progression towards a circular bicycle development process","Stolk, Martijn (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Bakker, C.A. (mentor); de Jonge, F.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Accell Group is the European market leader in e-bikes and the European number two player in bicycle parts and accessories. Well- known bicycle brands in their portfolio include Babboe, Batavus, Ghost, Haibike, Koga, Lapierre, Raleigh, Sparta and Winora. Since Accell has decided to give sustainability a higher priority, there is a need to integrate sustainability in the product design process (also referred to as PDP). In the analysis phase of the project, the context, sustainable progression and product development process were analyzed. Insights from sustainable progression were that currently no strategy for sustainable progression exists, and biggest opportunities for lowering impact on the environment were in the use of recovered materials, and better end-of-use processing. Next, the product development process and its users were analyzed. Although designers are motivated to make design choices of influence to the sustainability of the bicycle and / or production process, the culture in Accell currently not actively encourages such choices in design as costs and speed of execution have a higher priority. To validate such choices in design, it should be quantified enabling it’s integration in bicycle requirement documents. These insights resulted in the choice of the circular economy as main approach in the project. It provides a clear vision (zero impact on the environment) and includes strategies that combine financial and sustainable demands. Furthermore, circular methodologies are being developed that enable to assess progression. In the circular exploration phase, the perspective of the circular economy is used to analyse the current bicycle lifecycle (from production to end-of-use) to spot opportunities for improvement. Various circular economy assessment methodologies are tested through application on Accell Group. Insights gathered from this phase were translated into requirements for the development of the circular tool. The methodologies, strategies and guidelines were discussed, validated and tested during the exploring phase on several project teams, and feasability also discussed with new business development and supply chain. Insights gained from these interactions were implemented in the development of the circular tool. In the development phase a circular tool was designed, using insights from the circular exploration. The tool functions a circular conversation facilitator, and simultaneously as a indicator for circular progression of a bicycle development project. Therefore, it can communicate the circular value of a project between project teams, I&T department and managements, enabling to set goals and work towards them. The score achieved in a project is linked to assessments created on a system, design and component level, using indicators such as (dis)assembly time, percentage of recovered materials, use of toxic materials and established recovery players in a project. Furthermore, it includes guidelines on these same levels to help thinking in circular loops, create circular business models, choose green materials and circular plastics, design for disassembly and finally select sustainable suppliers. Circular indicators were created to include in the documents used in the product development process, with the goal of gathering information about materials and components from suppliers. Finally, moments of using the tool were established for integration in the product development process. In the validation phase, the final Accell circular tool is tested on the a public transport tender. Finally, communication of the tool during the project is summarized, and recommendations for further activation within Accell are given","Sustainability; Strategy; Circular Economy; Circular Product Design; Circularity Tool; Circularity Assessment; Circular Guidelines; Bicycle; Product Development Process","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:4b734cec-4684-4aca-b14c-dd0bd4eb2c96","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b734cec-4684-4aca-b14c-dd0bd4eb2c96","Design for Sustainability: Fish Preservation in Tanzania","Shang, Chieh-Hao (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Kuipers, H. (mentor); Schifferstein, H.N.J. (graduation committee); Goosen, Emil (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In Tanzania, catching dagaa is one of the main activities around Lake Victoria to earn a livelihood. However, the process of dagaa preservation was not entirely secure, which has led to issues of insufficient income and food waste. Therefore, Sagar Energy Solutions (SES) is developing a greenhouse dryer ""Upepo"" to prevent post-harvest loss and improve the quality.
There were some problems with Upepo needed to be addressed. Consequently, this project was launched to fix its current issue of sustainability, functionality, and business aspects. Besides these aspects, some unexplored topics were also investigated to broaden up the opportunities.
As a result, a greenhouse dryer, “UpWind,” was designed. UpWind not only ensures the production of dried dagaa but also aims to improve its performance on drying capability, cost-efficiency, ergonomic, and sustainability and to fulfill the stakeholders' requirements.
This project delivered the result by systematic design methods. The development followed the basic design framework of Double Diamond. First of all, in the Discover phase, research and analyses were done based on two topics, drying methods and other preservation methods. Then, the results were concluded and integrated into a Design Vision and a List of Requirements in the Define phase. Next, through performing creative design methods, such as Brainstorming, Morphological Chart, etc., and evaluation methods, eventually, one concept stood out from the crowd. Finally, the concept was developed through Design Iterations. The components were separated into three groups for easier development management. Depending on the attributes of the group, some were developed through simulation, while the others were through prototyping.
As a closure of the project, the List of Requirements, sustainability, and Technology Readiness Level of the final design were evaluated to ensure the goals of this project were met. Moreover, this project provided technical information for future development, such as the Bill of Material, production method, business model, and a design roadmap, at the end of the report.","Sustainability; Food Preservation; Food Drying; Product Development","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","","-2.036876, 32.687588"
"uuid:3639f221-7d29-4806-be89-48a0c6d2e661","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3639f221-7d29-4806-be89-48a0c6d2e661","Quantifying the environmental impacts due to resource consumption in cities: Case study of the Hague","Patel, Ruchik (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Verma, T. (mentor); Huang, Yilin (mentor); Nikolic, I. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In the past few decades, we have witnessed unprecedented impacts of climate change. The increase in Green house gas emissions due to human activities has disastrous implications for earth including an increase in global mean temperatures, rise in sea level and melting of polar ice caps. Climate change has
impacted all forms of human life on earth and if unchecked, poses a threat to human existence. With more than 50% of global population currently living in the cities and the upward trend of people migrating to the cities expected to increase in the next few decades, cities are one of the major contributors to climate change. Nearly 80% of global energy and 75% of global resources are consumed in cities. Thus, there is an urgent need to tackle the environmental impacts of cities.
In this research, we develop a methodology to quantify and analyze the environmental impacts of cities by considering the consumption of all resources
occurring in a city. The methodology is applied to the city of the Hague in the Netherlands but can be replicated for other cities as well. The research is divided into the following components: Firstly, a small literature review is conducted to identify different elements in a urban system. The literature review also assesses different models used to quantify environmental impacts of a city . Out
of the three models reviewed in the study, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is found to be the best fit for assessing environmental impacts of city. Knowledge gaps surrounding the applicability of LCA to a city are identified and based on the knowledge gap, research question is framed. Following the literature
review, a top down approach is used to identify products or activities by residents of a city that have an environmental impact. Following that, a data disaggregation methodology is developed to downscale data related to resource consumption and activities from the national or European level to local level of
neighbourhoods in a city. The disaggregated data is then quantified using LCA and analyzed for different geographical regions, different resource use categories and different demographic groups in a city. Finally, based on the environmental impacts, commonly implemented policies in cities around the world to reduce GHG emissions are modelled and analyzed for the case study : The Hague. This is followed by detailed discussion on results, limitations, conclusions and directions for further research. The main conclusions that can be drawn from the research are that resource use categories in which
intervention by cities is possilble account for nearly 70% of Global warming potential (GWP): 45% mobility, 15% waste,10% energy. Larger households have a higher impact due to mobility whereas smaller households have higher impact due to energy. Environmental impacts are further analyzed for clusters of
neighbourhoods based on their socioeconomic indicators. Finally, the policy interventions analyzed show a potential to reduce net GWP by 25% in the Hague","Sustainability; Urban Systems; LCA; Environmental impact","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:9b2153e7-3e2c-4217-be69-79d1fae1c988","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b2153e7-3e2c-4217-be69-79d1fae1c988","Fuel cell Systems Applied in Expedition Cruise ships: A Comparative Impact Analysis","van Veldhuizen, Berend (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering; TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations)","Hekkenberg, R.G. (mentor); van Biert, L. (graduation committee); Atasoy, B. (graduation committee); Haverkort, J.W. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Global endeavors to reduce emissions in the shipping industry are accelerating the interest in fuel cell systems. This paper explores the application of different fuel cell types (LT-PEMFC, HT-PEMFC and SOFC) in combination with different fuels (LH2, LNG,MeOH and NH3) in expedition cruise ships. An impact model is developed for the first design phase. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the combination of fuel cell system implementation and operational profile on expedition cruise vessels. Impact is expressed in ship size, capital cost, operational cost and emissions. The model takes into account: fuel storage, on-board fuel processing, fuel cell system characteristics, balance of plant components, fuel cost over operational lifetime and all onboard emissions. In the research, seven different fuel cell systems and three different hybridization strategies are considered. For the six best performing combinations of fuel cell system and hybridization strategy, the range, endurance and capacity requirements are systematically varied to determine whether the best performing option depends on these requirements. Finally, hybrid option 2 (using diesel generators to support during long transits) combined with a methanol fueled LT-PEMFC system results in the lowest newbuild price. This option does comply with emission regulations and CO2 goals for 2030. Hybrid option 2 combined with an LNG fueled LT-PEMFC system results in the lowest total cost (newbuild price and fuel cost). This option does comply with emission regulations, but does not meet CO2 goals for 2030. When it is desired to reach this CO2 target, hybrid option 2 with methanol fueled LT-PEMFC is also recommended from a total cost perspective.","Fuel cell; Expedition cuise ship; Ship design; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2022-09-17","","","","Marine Technology","",""
"uuid:dd80a5c6-32e8-4558-ae45-d64ba856b59e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dd80a5c6-32e8-4558-ae45-d64ba856b59e","Changing the way people eat: How mealboxes can contribute to sustainable food systems","Braker, Koen (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Price, R.A. (mentor); de Koning, J.I.J.C. (mentor); Smits, Victor (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The current food industry is failing: universal food security has not been achieved, one-third of all food in the world is wasted and environmental degradation is more extensive than it should be (FAO, 2014). With the expected rise in global population to ten billion eating people by 2050, the environmental outcomes of food systems can be devastating. This conclusion fuels the necessity for society to modify these local consumption and production patterns that are currently unsustainable (UNEP, 2016): the preservation of ecosystems and the future wellbeing of the human population are all centrally dependent on a structural transformation of the food system to a sustainable and resilient state. The client organization for this project is HelloFresh Benelux, the market leader in the mealbox industry in the Netherlands. HelloFresh intends to contribute to the food systems’ sustainability. Therefore this thesis aims to discover how HelloFresh can design for the sustainable development of the Dutch food industry. This thesis adopts a systemic design approach to capture the complexity of food systems. The approach lies in the middle of a field spanning from design practice to systems practice. It helps designers to deal with complex problems by engaging with the value conflicts between stakeholders to develop a broader and more holistic frame of reference. Knowledge was primarily obtained through interviews with actors along the value chain, with experts on the topic and with client employees. Three critical strategies for the sustainable development of Western food systems are established: improving production, reducing food waste and changing diets. Issues and obstacles in the current system were identified, clustered and connected to reveal three key factors accounting for the systems’ inertia. These are: i) Retailers lack the need for sustainability and for efforts outside of their operations, ii) Consumption patterns are unsustainable and the demand for sustainable products is generally low, and iii) the lack of a shared vision on sustainability along the supply chain. It was concluded that the final solution should establish interactions that stimulate sustainable choices in the digital choice environment, and that it should foster interactions favouring a chain approach and cooperation. This led to the final solution, ‘Together Towards Better’, a solution-oriented strategy for HelloFresh to work towards a greener value chain. Five symbols representing the diversity of food sustainability are the cornerstone of the strategy. The symbols are designed for simplicity and to radiate positivity. They allow for telling the story behind ingredients and celebrating independent sustainability achievements. The first phase of the strategy focuses on facilitating and stimulating sustainable consumption behaviour by the integration of the symbols in digital choice environments. The sustainability tags serve as focal points for customers, creating a hierarchy between ingredients and recipes, functioning as feedback mechanisms and rewarding people for making the green choice. Gamification and personal feedback are employed to stimulate customers' sustainable actions. The second phase aims to build long-term and sustainable relationships along the value chain to assist actors in their sustainability journey. The tags can convey the objectives of the strategy to supply chain partners and to communicate shared achievements to consumers. The final solution is supported by a communication strategy and an implementation roadmap. Finally, validation of the concept took place with consumers, an expert and a supplier to evaluate its desirability, feasibility and impact. The validation study led to recommendations for the implementation of the concept. The contributions of this thesis have the aim to demonstrate how mealboxes can contribute to the sustainability transition of the Dutch food industry.","Systemic Design; Sustainability; Food industry; Mealbox; HelloFresh","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","Master Thesis",""
"uuid:da0743aa-1598-403f-b142-c2cef0fb0e02","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da0743aa-1598-403f-b142-c2cef0fb0e02","Usability of Physical Internet characteristics for achieving more sustainable urban freight logistics: barriers and opportunities revealed by dominant stakeholder perspectives","van Son, C.B.H. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Tavasszy, L.A. (mentor); van Duin, J.H.R. (mentor); van Binsbergen, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Urban freight logistics currently has to deal with multiple unsustainabilites. Physical Internet characteristics can be promising to make urban freight logistics more sustainable. It was researched if this can be the case and, what opportunities and barriers there are belonging to this change. With Q-methodology different stakeholder perspectives were revealed. This resulted in four different perspectives from which three had a positive attitude towards PI characteristics. One perspective was more moderate in relation to this and stated that a lot is possible already without changes happening. Opportunities and barriers are defined and it was concluded that there is currently no real need to change. Because an increase of national coordinated regulation was also assessed positively a policy framework was created that states individual and collaborative actions for stakeholders. With this 'an environment where efficiency pays off' should be created.","Physical Internet; Urban Freight Logistics; Sustainability; Q-methodology","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Transport, Infrastructure and Logistics","",""
"uuid:fc019b06-1f1f-4b4a-8735-52ff1ddf9018","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fc019b06-1f1f-4b4a-8735-52ff1ddf9018","Circularity in the Dutch train","van Oudheusden, A.A. (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Baha, S.E. (mentor); Balkenende, A.R. (graduation committee); de Vos van Eekeren, Ilse (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This graduation project makes a contribution to this complex challenge by researching the question “How can NS achieve circular inflow and outflow during building, modernisation and end-of-life for the train interior, car body and bogies?”. A contribution to this challenge was made by creating a design concept for a sustainable interior side wall panel. The current panel is made of glass fibre polyester composite, which is difficult to reuse or repurpose, and cannot be recycled. The sustainable alternative is made use of recyclable aluminium honeycomb materials, and has a dismountable structure due to the use of reversible Niaga adhesive. The flat shape of the panel combined with the optimized surface distribution increase the available panel size, which increases the potential for reuse or repurpose. Additionally, the wall panel is finished through the use of coloured foil instead of paint as this reduces toxic substances and improves cleanability, readjustability and recyclability. It also gives additional customization options to the panel, such as integrating a honeycomb pattern to illustrate the circular construction.
This report also reflects on the application of design methodology by researching the question “How can design methodology be used to structure a complex design project?”. Two design methods were chosen for this: the 1:10:100 approach and the Design Roadmapping methodology. The 1:10:100 approach was chosen as this is suitable for open-ended projects. I found that the 1:10:100 method was very useful to quickly determine a project scope but it lacked structure within the ‘100’ cycle. I found the midterm and green light graduation deadlines to be useful additions to further structure the iterative process. Design Roadmapping was chosen as it combines future roadmapping and design. NS was interested in creating a roadmap towards fully circular trains, whereas the Industrial Design Engineering department was interested in my skills as concept designer. The roadmap has not been finished within the timespan of this project, but this report makes good progress along the analyses steps of this method. Additionally, I felt this method helped me to keep focus on the future instead of focusing too much on current practice.","Sustainability; Circularity; Trains","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:ffe0739b-5890-493d-a991-b65613757f97","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ffe0739b-5890-493d-a991-b65613757f97","From traditional agriculture to AgTech: Towards a Sustainable Business Model","Stoccuto, Stefania (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Ding, Aaron Yi (mentor); van de Kaa, G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Agriculture is a fundamental element of every economy. However, global issues such as climate change, land deterioration, and a continuously growing population are strongly impacting the sector. It is estimated that by 2050 the population will increase by two billion, reaching 9 billion people to be fed. In the past 34 years, researchers investigated the use of potential technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT), Machine Learning (ML), robotics, etc. The readiness of these technologies and the positive impact that they have on the sector is proven by numerous studies. However, these technologies are still not diffused enough within common farming practices. Adoption rates are very low, as well as full understanding of the technologies from the farmers’ perspective. Without a shift towards the digitalization of farming practices, the agriculture sector could be damaged, impacting both the future of society and general economy. This is why a change in the actual regime of production is needed: from traditional agriculture to AgTech. In this work, through interviews with winegrowers and analyses of technologies proposed by vineyards start-ups, an understanding of future market development is derived. The concept of sustainability is investigated as one of the major drivers towards the change of regime. More specifically, the study has been conducted on the viticulture domain, tackling in a very context-specific manner the problems concerning this branch of the field. A set of to-be-used criteria for start-ups business model creation is derived by the main needs of the growers and the degree of technology adoption observed. The criteria, or archetypes, have been developed on the base of the Sustainable Business Model Archetypes. A new model is proposed, which is a starting point towards the shift of regime and the digitalization of the agriculture field.","Sustainability; Business Model; Archetypes; Agriculture; Artificial intelligence; IoT","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:7d524bb3-f194-4deb-8591-aa9442ad562c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7d524bb3-f194-4deb-8591-aa9442ad562c","Assessing circular buildings: A balance between circularity and life cycle costs of a building","Rudraraju, K. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Wamelink, J.W.F. (mentor); van den Boomen, M. (graduation committee); Schraven, D.F.J. (graduation committee); Boks, Charles (graduation committee); Muntinga, Annebeth (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Being one of the world’s largest waste generator, the construction industry is responsible for a train of events such as global warming, climate change, and depletion of natural resources. Materials are exhausted globally to a large extent and the waste produced in the process is not treated properly. A “take-make-dispose” or popularly known as linear economy is the process that is adopted to treat the waste currently, where large quantities of resources end up as waste after demolition of the building. This grabs our attention towards the concept of Circular Economy (CE) with the goal to potentially minimize the pending issues arising from the construction sector through recirculation of building materials. However, due to the unfamiliarity of its economic feasibility, many are still reluctant for investing in circularity as they believe circular construction to be more expensive. The main challenge is to overcome the lack of understanding of the available circular strategies and their effect on their business. Therefore, the objective of this research is to investigate how buildings can be made more circular. Furthermore, the aim is to compare the alternatives based on the life cycle costs and a circularity measure, so that stakeholders are in a better position to invest/favor circularity in general. Finally, the objective is to present a way to invest in circular projects by merging the methods used in this study.
Firstly, literature review was conducted to develop a better understanding of the most important concepts in relation to this research. It reveals the need for several methods to conduct the research, and hence three methods are further elaborated. An inventory of possible circular interventions was made and categorized based on strategies and layers of the building. The methods discussed were applied to a case study. The application of interventions on the base case intends to gradually increase the circularity of the building. This gradual increase in circularity calls for a comparison of a traditional building with its circular twin. Based on the analysis, it can be concluded that a comparison as such can help in a parallel tracking of both circularity level and life cycle costs of a building, which in turn aids in taking both the factors into account for decision making. Thus, both the costs and circularity of a building are quantified.
The main findings are: A building can be made more circular by searching for circular activities that can replace a non-circular activity by using a circular strategy framework- in this case, R-strategy was used. The application of circular activities or interventions can be categorized layer-wise to carefully examine the impact of the activity on the circulatory level and costs associated with the building. This can be done by diving the building into different layers- in this case, Stewart Brand layers was used. The circularity of the building is to be increased gradually. Further, several alternatives can be generated to analyze the best-case scenario that can justify both the circularity and cost of a building. This is done by using a circularity measure and life cycle costing- in this case, material circularity index and discounted cash flow analysis were used respectively. Finally, the results can be analyzed by quantifying both circularity and cost. This makes sure circularity in a building is not compromised for the costs associated with the building. This way, stakeholders are better aware of the opportunities and can make better decisions in selecting circular projects which could lead to enhance the acceptance of circularity within the building sector.
environmental footprint of the structure in the initial design by material minimization and selection. Recycling is left out of the scope since recycling on a world-wide scale barely occurs. Even in a country with a well developed recycling network like the Netherlands, just 5-10% of discarded flat glass waste ends up back in the float glass industries and the rest is downcycled to container glass or glass fibres. Besides, the sustainable impact from recycling compared to reuse is far smaller, and measures to limit contamination are out of control of the designer. At first, in order to design for reuse as an end-of-life application, demountable connections are essential and adhesive based connections should be avoided. Although demountability is a key to the circular economy, this study concludes that there are various technical barriers to overcome to make glass elements actually reusable. One important barrier is the lack of standardization in glass structures. As is shown in the redesign of ""Kasteel Ruurlo"", implementing standardization leads to a modular design and is integrated by using minimum size deviation and the use of a single type of connection. However, as a result of standardization, the design freedom of the architect is taken away and the mechanical connections lead to a less elegant design. Therefore, it is recommended to further development these modules and discuss elegance and design freedom in standardization. Another technical barrier to overcome is the performance and quality of glass elements which makes current reuse impossible: insulated glass units will loose their insulating performance due to failure of the edge sealant after 20 to 25 years, and laminated glass is prone to delamination over time. There is a lack of legislation which sets requirements to the quality and performance of these elements. Only for laminated glass, there is a potential reuse strategy which has been used in the redesign of ""Kasteel Ruurlo"". It is proposed to use a high quality interlayer as SentryGlas or Trofisol. For both interlayers, delamination problems should be further researched in order to assure a long technical lifetime.
Secondly, in order to minimize the environmental impact of the structure, the impact has been quantified using Life Cycle Analysis data and Environmental Product Declarations. With the method by ""Stichting Bouwkwaliteit"", this data is converted to shadow costs which is used to calculate the environmental footprint of a connection. Different structural connections are considered: various facade connections, different moment rigid frame connections and various ways to connect a panel. From this calculation, the different connections are compared and it is concluded that adhesive based connections have both a smaller environmental footprint than mechanical connections, and that these result in less material use in the overall structure and thereby limiting the environmental footprint. This is also reflected in the redesign of ""Kasteel Ruurlo"", where due to the mechanical demountable connections, the environmental impact increases compared to the current design. With current possibilities, the relation between the connection and a sustainable design depends on the type of connection: an adhesive based connection will result in an overall low environmental impact but makes reuse unlikely. A mechanical connection could be an outcome here, but with current possibilities, reuse cannot be guaranteed either. The application of current demountable connections on the reuse possibilities can therefore be argued. In order to succeed with structural glass in the circular economy, this research emphasizes the need for legislation, standardization and to solve problems like delamination and leaking insulated glass units which now determine the lifetime of glass structures. It also shows the need for demountable connections which increase the reuse potential and which ideally do not increase the environmental footprint.","Glass; Sustainability; Structural glass; Reuse; Recycling; Environmental impact; LCA; EPD; Connection; Adhesive; Mechanical connection","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:cd41b015-7f76-457d-a108-71a7af217a53","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cd41b015-7f76-457d-a108-71a7af217a53","Empowering Consumers in the Circular Economy with blockchain-enabled storytelling","Panyapatiphan, D. (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Calabretta, G. (mentor); de Jonge, F.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This thesis introduces the vision and implementation to involve and empower end-consumers in the circular economy. This thesis is the graduation project of Strategic product design master’s program, developed for Circularise, a B2B company who connects supply chain. It aims for an in-depth understanding of the users need and challenges in the purchase decision of durable products with recycled plastic components.
The project began with literature researches of consumer behaviours with circular products. It also looked into their behaviour with blockchain technology, and current support that blockchain technology provides to a circular economy, namely, supply chain transparency and others. The new target segmentation was created according to literature, and user research was done with the target group. Contextmapping method was used to collect the user’s insight, and qualitative data were analysed. The results showed that consumers lack trust in sustainable claims that were advertised by brands, consumers lack motivation since the sustainable impacts are not clearly measurable, and more. The research also showed that blockchain technology in supply chain transparency could provide consumers with trustworthy sustainable data to support their purchase decision of the product.
Based on these insights, new target segment (end-consumers), brand identity, platform design, and a roadmap of implementation plan were created with value exchange between consumers, brands, original equipment manufacturers, part manufacturers, material manufacturers, and recyclers in the future.
This thesis aims to empower consumers by translation blockchain’s sustainable claims from manufacturers, into product storytelling. With accumulated value, it also proposes a long-term strategy to connect the consumers to the supply chain. This will further influence the connection of the chain to recyclers and close the loop for the circular economy in the future.
Regardless of the crisis, more people want to live in cities, and therefore more features are needed within the same space. Cities must continuously adapt to new needs and demands. This fast-changing environment makes it even harder to continue our current development, while adapting to the needs and demands. A future-proof city starts with a sustainable development of new plans. It is time to improve the involvement of sustainability in area development. This study will look at this overdue change in area development. It acknowledges this problem and aims to advice how sustainability can be better embedded in spatial planning.
To support this optimization, the instruments of a municipality are researched in this master thesis. Next to the instruments, also, governance and the organizational aspects are included. This research has found that these three aspects of instruments, governance and organization combined should be optimized. An optimization of these three aspects can ensure that an area is developed sustainable.
Within the new urban metabolism, the themes of water, agriculture, energy, waste and material flows can be treated decentrally. It is applicable in the current situation as they offer a lot of options for reusing waste nutrients, extracting raw materials from waste and improving environmental performance.
Interconnecting these flows can result in adaptive and resilient strategies. These can also be adapted to the changing needs of the population and functions of Parkstad.
The focus is on three water strategies in three different locations which are the core of a new green connection adding quality and new perspectives for the people and future developments in Parkstad.","Parkstad; Climate change; Sustainability; Resilience; Flowscapes","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Landscape Architecture","Harvest Lab","50.85416325,6.003499986"
"uuid:e177d768-f259-48ac-a592-cc9416fd987f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e177d768-f259-48ac-a592-cc9416fd987f","Enhancing Sustainability in the Supporting Activities of an Engineering Consultant Organization","van Hootegem, Ammelien (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hertogh, Marcel (graduation committee); Schraven, Daan (mentor); de Bruijne, Mark (graduation committee); Deketh, Jan Reinout (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Organizations in the construction industry are focusing more and more on sustainability. There exist various drivers and barriers (D&B) that can enhance or hinder sustainability in organizations. Research has so far mainly been focused on the primary activities within an organization. Hence, this study focused on the supporting activities (SA). This study researched what the defining moments are in the enhancement of sustainability in the SA of an engineering consultant organization. This qualitative research used the method process research, comprising a case study wherein processes of enhancing sustainability within one organization were mapped. Data for 8 cases was collected through semi-structured interviews and case documentation, within the playing field of the most important D&B. Case data was analyzed through the streams model of decision-making theory, existing of the problem, solution and participant stream. Furthermore, windows of opportunities (WOO) and tipping points (TP) were identified in the processes. The results include different patterns and striking observations. Most problem streams include CO2 emissions. The WOO involved raised awareness or multiple events making the problem more pressing. There were no significant TP identified throughout the cases. It was observed that awareness and intrinsic motivation form the most important drivers. The most important barriers are costs; the lack of support from employees or partners; and the lack of intrinsic motivation in the form of a lack of vision and priority. There were four most striking observations regarding the processes in the case study. The first observation is the intrinsic motivation of individuals playing a big role in the enhancement of sustainability. The second observation involves that the organization seems to hook onto trends and external events. The organization is only picking low hanging fruit, by making use of changes that are already planned or taking place, forming the third observation. The fourth observation comprises that there is a lack of clear goals, vision and priority regarding sustainability within the SA. It is therefore recommended to create a supportive and open environment for individuals that are motivated to enhance sustainability; to make use of external events, trends and of changes that are already lined up, but to not let these external occurrences determine the path towards sustainability; and to develop clear goals and a strategy for sustainability in the SA, for a more integral approach.","Sustainability; Process research; Supporting activities; Organization","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:93deca71-17cc-47fe-973a-2d9b2dd8504c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:93deca71-17cc-47fe-973a-2d9b2dd8504c","Green Public Procurement in the Dutch Construction Sector: A qualitative research on the inclusion of
environmental requirements
in procurement of construction projects","Limpers, Willem (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft (OLD) CITG Section Design & Construction Management)","Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (mentor); Bakker, H.L.M. (graduation committee); Lousberg, Louis (graduation committee); Hofstede, Remco (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","One way to reduce the environmental impact of the construction sector is the inclusion of environmental requirements in the procurement of construction projects, also called Green Public Procurement (GPP). This thesis first analysed the current inclusion of environmental requirements in the invitation to bid, bid and assessment of the bid. Hereafter, the results were evaluated and a proposal to develop the inclusion of environmental requirements has been made. A misalignment of environmental inclusion was found. Environmental requirements were included in 86% of the 70 invitations to bid, 74% of the bids and 46% of the assessments of the bid. Three defects possibly causing the misalignment were obtained. First of all, ineffective inclusion of environmental requirements in the invitation to bid. Secondly, missing feedback and scores in the assessment of the bid. Thirdly, when feedback was included on the environmental requirements, it was unclear or very limited. As a consequence, environmental requirements are not taken into account in the procurement process. Four purchasing experts from Dutch provinces have been interviewed to evaluate the three limitations and come up with opportunities to resolve them. By looking critically at the expert interview results and comparing them to the results of the content analysis, two problems were noticed. First of all, window dressing: ambitions to improve the inclusion of environmental requirements were stated, but not realised. Secondly, a lack of responsibility. The window dressing and lack of responsibility are caused by the absence of environmental management in the IPM-model. No one is taking action, because no one is responsible. It was concluded that a change in the IPM-model is needed to create responsibility and that the procurement process needs to be improved to incorporate environmental requirements more sufficient. It is recommended to the client to include environmental management in the IPM-model. The environmental management department should have four responsibilities: ensure environmental inclusion, correct limited or incorrect environmental inclusion, learn from mistakes made and develop environmental inclusion based on acquired knowledge. Secondly, a learning process needs to be started. It is recommended to both the client and the contractor to document feedback and review the environmental inclusion in the invitation to bid and bid. The feedback and reviews have to be interpreted and used to improve future invitations to bids and bids. By documenting past performances, future performances can be improved.","Green Public Procurement; Construction Management; Procurement; Tender management; environmental; Sustainability; Construction sector","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:282b43ce-5304-42af-bb34-486f4a42c2bc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:282b43ce-5304-42af-bb34-486f4a42c2bc","Cradle to Church - A Sustainable Response on Religious Heritage: Revitalizing the Jacobuskerk","Kruize, D.W. (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Meijers, W.L.E.C. (graduation committee); Koopman, F.W.A. (graduation committee); Forgaci, C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Cradle to Church is a project that explores the possibilities of circular heritage as a way of approaching the topic of sustainability for the future of heritage. Focusing on the revitalizing of the Jacobuskerk in Winterswijk, the project forms of a sustainable response on the increasing vacancy rates of Catholic churches through integrating the concept of Cradle to Cradle. Vacancy rates are an ongoing problem on a large scale and include highly valued and important building typologies for the development of our history, such as religious objects like Catholic churches. Such heritage has an influential position in the communication of the building environment with society, which is valuable to be maintained. This influential position offers possibilities for other relevant topics to be communicated in addition. The agenda of sustainability is a topic that architects are increasingly taking responsibility in, as the ecological problems and the influence of the current building environment for the future is clear. The revitalization of vacant buildings is important for a sustainable future building environment as vacant buildings form a sensitive part of the aspects that make our current building environment unsustainable. This unique position of heritage therefore forms a relevant sector for architects to respond on. Currently the potentials of sustainability in heritage are mostly understood to essentially lie in the extension of the lifetime of a building retaining the important and valued character of the building. But can it be more? In terms of circular economy an object of heritage and the values it features are initially not at all designed to be circular. Initially designed with specific status and values or gained over time, these objects are designed to become waste eventually. The postponing of becoming waste by the extension of the lifetime is typically considered as a less-bad approach of dealing with sustainability as it is not solving the source of the ecological problem but merely delaying and minimizing the effect. This graduation project focuses on the question if heritage being an existing cradle to grave product can form a solution to the root of the ecological problem, as according the concept of Cradle to Cradle this solution would essentially rely on a new way of designing. Since heritage is designed as linear product in a significantly less advanced linear economical system that is eco-effective and less bad at best, can it become a circular and eco-efficient cradle to cradle product in a building environment, economy and society slowly but surely shifting towards a circular model? Or is less bad the maximal sustainable potential reachable in heritage? In response to this question Cradle to Church approached the Jacobuskerk in Winterswijk as an education center through the formation of a set of interventions that translate the circular principles as proposed by the concept of Cradle to Cradle into the existing framework of values that compose the monumental character of the Jacobuskerk. Through the interventions and the circular statements behind them, this project aims to form a reference for the typology of Catholic churches and other objects of heritage. Furthermore, the project hopes to form a point of discussion regarding the exclusive position of Heritage in the formation of a sustainable future building environment.","Circularity; Sustainability; Redevelopment; Heritage; Architecture","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Heritage & Architecture","KaDer Gelderland","51.97175115, 6.71813179895452"
"uuid:91442961-2c92-4b33-96df-e92df15cef7d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91442961-2c92-4b33-96df-e92df15cef7d","Ikigai: A reason for Being A Holistic Vision of Mercedes-Benz 2030","Zoričić, Jasna (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","van Grondelle, Elmer (mentor); Ruiter, Anna (mentor); Fischer, Jan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This Master thesis was developed for Mercedes-Benz AG. The following report elaborates the steps taken in developing a holistic interior vision for ‘Sustainable Luxury’ of Mercedes-Benz. In seek of representation for the future societal needs, and possible future challenges and opportunities in terms of holistic mobility conceptualisation, the research took place in the rural areas of Japan. Therefore, this project is aimed at ‘Self-reliant people accepting innovation raised on the traditional values’. These people are seeking the segregated life, focused on the abundant luxury of time, bonds of smaller communities, and personal fulfilment. Cherishing the community traditions, innovation is acceptable if it preserves the experiential domain of respect towards community members and the environment. To fulfil the demand for such a context, the mission was ‘to achieve a perception of an abundance of less within the experience and perception of the product while keeping the identity of the brand intact.’ As the reconciliation between sustainability and luxury indicates the change of expression of luxury in means of a form, the qualities of the premium experience are set to keeping the utmost feeling of safety and physical ease leading to comfort. Therefore, ‘encountering a moment for yourself, within a shared experience, in comfort.’ was set as the desired interaction. The ideation led to the development of three concept ideas, which were further validated and iterated leading to the conclusive vision ‘Ikigai: A reason for being’. Ikigai presents mobility solution as part of the holistic system of sustainability and manifests as a contribution to the context. The vision ‘Ikigai’ is a Level 4 shared mobility service by Mercedes-Benz, intended for the rural communities of Japan. The on-demand service, utilising the Mercedes-Benz municipal vehicle, grants community residents overcoming the dependence on the pre-scheduled, public transportation of the area. The private zones in the interior space are providing users with a possibility for individual focus and relaxation while in a shared environment. Ikigai’s minimalistic interior is enriched by the works of local craftsman. The material finishings of unique algae-based materials and bio-luminescent lights, produced in the village, are limited to the vehicle design specific to the area. Consequently, the car simultaneously represents exclusivity of the local craftsmen and uniqueness of the tradition, sharing them in rides beyond the borders of the village. The brand remains to provide unique personal experiences within innovative products. Meticulous attention to details and high build quality bring it to the class of its own in providing a sense of safety and physical ease leading to Mercedes-Benz comfort.","Mobility; Autonomous driving; Premium; Automotive; Sustainability; Biomaterials","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:789d6d5a-1ced-4e81-a843-7daadaa9c5d7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:789d6d5a-1ced-4e81-a843-7daadaa9c5d7","The Sustainability of Geothermal Energy: Under what conditions is a geothermal system used sustainably?","de Bruijn, Esmée (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Vossepoel, F.C. (mentor); ter Borgh, Marten (mentor); Godderij, Raymond (graduation committee); Bloemendal, Martin (graduation committee); Vardon, P.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Geothermal energy is generally seen as a sustainable source of energy and therefore could be part of the solution for the energy transition. However, there is still a lack of clarity about the conditions under which a geothermal system can be used sustainably. This study investigates the sustainable use of a geothermal system. The geothermal production process in a homogeneous geothermal reservoir with one doublet was simulated using SEAWAT. This model provides the possibility to conduct a sensitivity analysis to examine which parameters play an important role in the geothermal production process. The aim of this analysis was to asses the effect on the well temperature and the thermal recharge, i.e. heat flow from the confining layers towards the reservoir. The tested parameters include four geological uncertainties and two production parameters. From the tested geological uncertainties the thickness of the reservoir has the largest effect on the production profile. Also, it has an impact on the effect of all the other parameters tested, especially on the effect of the confining layers. The confining layers play an important role during the simulation of the production process because they control the thermal recharge, and this enhances the lifetime of the geothermal project. The thinner the reservoir, the larger is the effect of the confining layers and the change in its properties and the more impact the thermal recharge has on the production profile. By examining the effect of the production parameters, the aim was to define a sustainable production design and strategy. It was proven that the production rate has a large impact on the lifetime of a geothermal project, and that an increasing well spacing enhances the sustainable use of a geothermal system. To enhance the sustainable extraction of geothermal energy from a geothermal system the production rate should be kept low. When making a production optimisation two rules of thumb apply to maintain a sustainable production. The first rule says that with a doubling of the reservoir thickness, the production rate can be increased by approximately 50%. The second rule says that with an increase of well spacing of 20%, the production rate can be increased by approximately 50%. Overall, this study emphasizes the positive effect of thermal recharge on the production profile and its enhancement on the sustainable use of a geothermal system. We can conclude that with a sustainable production design and strategy the production from a geothermal system can continue for generations.","Geothermal Energy; Sustainability; SEAWAT; Geological uncertainties; Production optimisation; Thermal recharge; Renewable","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Petroleum Engineering and Geo-sciences","",""
"uuid:d20fd536-cf4e-45f6-859e-dfd1ac39989d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d20fd536-cf4e-45f6-859e-dfd1ac39989d","Implementing the design for disassembly (DfD) principle in the public procurement process of buildings in the Netherlands: Conceptualization of the implementation of the DfD principle in the public procurement process to achieve circular ambitions","Budhihal Ashokkumar, Akshay (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hermans, Marleen (mentor); Schraven, Daan (graduation committee); Gündel, Bart (graduation committee); van Roon, Rob (graduation committee); Heeman, Ad (graduation committee); ten Dam, Ellis (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The building industry is stained as unsustainable due to the linear economy model of “take, make and dispose”. There is a need to switch to Circular Economy (CE). One of the ways in which the public clients can stimulate this transition is by implementing the Design for Disassembly (DfD) principle in the public procurement process. However, this stimulation is underexploited, and public clients seem to lack in having an effective system for implementation. Therefore, the objective of this research was to conceptualize a system for the implementation of the DfD principle in the public procurement process to achieve circular ambitions. A mixed research approach was adopted where first a literature study was conducted on the general procurement process of buildings and the aspects of DfD to conceptualize the DfD based procurement process. Following this, two case studies were conducted to understand how public clients have implemented DfD in the public procurement process of known circular buildings. Based on the results of the case study, the conceptualization of the DfD based procurement process was refined. The main findings from refined conceptualization are: firstly, the client needs to hire a design team specialized in DfD. This design team needs to formulate an ambition primarily for flexibility in design and beyond that for future reuse. Secondly, for the tendering phase, the client needs to set eligibility requirements for the selection of the design team asking for training and experience. They also need to set requirements for the inclusion of deconstruction professionals in the consortium. Finally, the client needs to award the contract based on the design principles of DfD. The client needs to assess the offers for these design principles using BIM-based tools. Also, for the assessment of the cost of the offers, the client needs to use life cycle costs. In conclusion, the implementation of DfD does not lead to a fundamental change in how the procurement process is conducted. Only in certain phases, the activities need to be conducted in line with DfD.","Circular economy; Public Procurement process; Design for disassembly; Design for deconstruction; Flexible buildings; Adaptability; demountable buildings; temporary buildings; Sustainability; Temporary Courthouse; The Green House","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:c2a55cdc-9df6-4baf-beb5-91bf9808051e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c2a55cdc-9df6-4baf-beb5-91bf9808051e","Exploring MaaS Business Models on Strengths, Weaknesses and Sustainability","van der Haas, Jesse (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management; TU Delft Engineering, Systems and Services; Rijkswaterstaat - Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management)","Annema, J.A. (mentor); van Wee, G.P. (graduation committee); Rook, L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) is a new mobility concept that allows users to plan, book and pay for a multimodal and seamless trip in a single application. Real-life examples of MaaS propositions are still scarce and most have not left a trial or pilot phase. The MaaS-team of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management (IenW) wants to steer the development of the nascent MaaS market in the Netherlands and make MaaS have a sustainable impact. To this end, the MaaS-team has set up a framework agreement and seven national pilots. Within this context potential business models for MaaS proposition and their sustainability have been investigated. Through academic literature, a conceptual model is created to guide data gathering and analysis. Thirteen anonymous MaaS Service Providers (MSPs) are interviewed in semi-structured interviews from which the qualitative data is analysed through open coding. This yielded a range of target customers, value propositions and revenue and pricing models as well as results on how MSPs interact with transport operators and how they implement key functionalities. Analysis shows there is no strong business model for consumers yet. Business models aimed at the government, employers, other MSPs and other businesses seem much stronger. Additionally, business models for MaaS seem overly reliant on kickback fees. To judge whether business models for MaaS that are currently being developed are sustainable, these business models were investigated for their ability to both create and capture sustainable value. The business models are less ecologically sustainable than MSPs think they are, with little over half being ecologically sustainable. Reversely, the business models were more socially sustainable than the MSPs thought they were, with about three-quarters being socially sustainable. There thus seems to be a disconnect between perceived and actual sustainability among MSPs. Nonetheless, all MaaS propositions offer the tools to make a sustainable impact if an outside actor is willing to pay for that, allowing the MSP to capture the created sustainable value. Based on these findings the conceptual model was revised, policy and managerial recommendations are made and implications for the literature is discussed. Finally, the limitations to this research are discussed and future avenues for research are presented.","MaaS; Mobility-as-a-Service; Sustainability; Business Model","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:f7ca351f-2136-491d-aa09-d515a325ca19","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f7ca351f-2136-491d-aa09-d515a325ca19","Structural sustainability in the early design phase: A parametric environmental impact assessment of various construction materials, including the design for deconstruction and donor structural framework concepts","Backx, Stephan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Rots, J.G. (mentor); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Coenders, Jeroen (graduation committee); Peters, Pim (graduation committee); Houben, L.J.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The Netherlands is currently in the process of transitioning from a linear economy to a circular economy, in accordance with the ”Nederland Circulair 2050” policy. To increase the circularity of buildings, several approaches can be integrated. In this research, the so-called Design for Deconstruction and Donor Structural Framework concepts are elaborated as possible approaches. The first concept focuses on taking the future de- and remountability of a building into consideration during the design process. This concept allows buildings that approach their end-of-life phase to be (partially) reused as structural components, on a new location. The second concept can be applied during the construction phase of a building, where structural components of an old building are dismantled and reused in the to be constructed building. The difference between the two concepts thus being the life cycle in which they are applied. Therefore, the resulting benefit of using a Donor Framework can be seen immediately, whereas the benefit of applying the Design for Deconstruction concept can only be stated in the future. Unfortunately, the current procedure to measure the sustainability score of a building, the Life Cycle Assessment methodology, does not take these concepts into account. This makes determining their impact on the environment hardly possible. Also, due to the fact that detailed information about a design is required, a Life Cycle Assessment is made only once the design is final. In this order, all design variables are set such that designing towards sustainability is not an option. This research focuses on solving the introductory problems and aims to enable sustainable material choices for a structural design possible in the early design phase. Both the Donor Structural Framework and the Design for Deconstruction concepts were taken into consideration. This main goal has been split into two sub–questions:- How to assess the environmental impact of a steel, concrete and timber load bearing structure in the early design phase? -How to implement the Donor Structural Framework and the Design for Deconstruction concept into the existing Life Cycle Assessment methodology? The research questions have been answered by executing the following approach: 1.A parametric model is used in which not only the geometry and structural calculations are included, but the Environmental Impact Calculation as well. In the event of a design change, the Environmental Impact Calculation is automatically reiterated, which means different designs can be compared quickly based on their environmental impact. The model constructed for this study is suitable for designs in steel, concrete and timber. For each material a reference design is created. The Bill of Materials of these designs serves as input for the Environmental Impact Calculation on which the materials were compared in a later research phase.2.First, an existing end-of-life allocation method has been adjusted to include reuse during both the construction phase (Donor Structural Framework) as the end-of-life phase (Design for Deconstruction). Secondly, the Building Circularity Index, which recognizes a ”circularity score”, has been implemented in this method. In this study the Building Circularity Index is assumed as the ”probability of future reuse of the building”. The modified method was implemented in the parametric model to enable a real-time Environmental Impact Calculation. This approach has been fully implemented into a parametric visual script, executed in the Grasshopper, a parametric environment plugin of Rhino which enables visual scripting. Input parameters are imported from Excel, the Grasshopper script calculates the environmental impact and exports the results to Excel where they are visualized in a dashboard. Ultimately, the developed parametric model has been divided into a part containing the geometry and structural calculations of the reference designs and a part where the newly developed Environmental Impact Calculation method is implemented. Combining the results of both parts in the total model, it becomes possible to assess whether a design is best built in a certain material in the early design phase. The final model can provide results with or without the use of a Donor Structural Framework and with or without application of the Design for Deconstruction concept. For the purpose of demonstrating the functioning of the model, a reference design in steel, concrete and timber was implemented as a basic geometry. This geometry was assumed equal across all designs and for comparability purposes, dimensions were fixed. Consequently, it can be concluded from the results of these reference designs that using a Donor Structural Framework results in a lower environmental impact than applying the Design for Deconstruction concept by maximizing the remountability of a structure. Until a lifespan of 75 years, using a timber donor framework is the most sustainable solution for the reference design. From 75 until 100 years this is the case for steel and from 100 years onward, a concrete design, whether or not using a donor framework, results in the lowest environmental impact. In the current design practice of a building, the default lifespan has been determined by the function of the building (Functional Service Life). By using the model developed here, this lifespan can be determined on the basis of sustainability requirements instead of functional requirements. The differences in environmental impact for different lifespans can easily be compared. Therefore, it is made possible to steer towards a certain lifespan, in order to determine the most sustainable construction based on the clients requirements. This is currently not possible in the Dutch construction industry. However, these results do have their limitations, as they should not be interpreted as general but rather specific conclusions. The following points of attention apply: -Results should not be interpreted as general results, but these results only apply on the three reference designs as elaborated further in the research. These reference designs are not optimized for every material used. -Changing input parameters can have a significant impact on the results. In addition, a number of important parameters (reuse percentage, material lifespan etc.) have been assumed due to insufficient existing research. -The developed allocation equations include the incineration of timber too favorably. This results in a significant deviation in timber environmental impact for lifespans much shorter than 75 years. This flaw can be either due to the model, or the impact parameters as stated in the NIBE EPD app. Lastly, it is recommended to further research the assumed parameters in this research, especially the material lifespan and the incineration impact parameters. As these parameters can have a major impact on the environmental impact of a specific design.","Sustainability; Early Design Stage; Parametric design tool; design for disassembly; Donor Structural Framework; Environmental Impact Assessment","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:39e32d21-e63b-444b-8fe7-86f33ee1053e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39e32d21-e63b-444b-8fe7-86f33ee1053e","Future mobihubs as social connector for the neighbourhood: About positive friction, quantum mechanics, and your mother.","Koedood, Jelmer (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Sustainable Design Engineering)","Smit, Iskander (mentor); Hiemstra-van Mastrigt, Suzanne (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This project revolves around redesigning the future mobihub for the context of the Netherlands. A mobihub (or mobipunt in Dutch) is a brand of mobility hub. In this report, a mobility hub is defined as “A recognizable, physical place where different context-driven functions and services (mostly shared mobility-related such as shared cars) that benefit the neighbourhood meet. A connection to public transport is desirable but type-dependant.”A typology of mobihubs was found and simplified to three types, with a special focus on the type: “neighbourhood hub”. Along with this, a target group was defined: the “suburban citizen”: people that live in a smaller neighbourhood and work in a bigger city. This type of hub and target group determined the focus of the project. This focus was on social cohesion in the neighbourhood. Vision in Product Design (VIP) was used as the main design & research method.In the research phase, a broad literature study was done, along with case studies in the Netherlands and interviews with users from the target group (Figure 1), amongst others. It was found that users on a transport hub always navigate the space between being connected and being autonomous, while they experience positive or negative ‘friction’ (events that slow them down) during their travels. The amount of ‘being connected’ and ‘autonomy’ that a user experiences or seeks, depends on that users personality. Based on this, the design statement was formed:“The mobihub needs to wake up people by introducing a kind of positive friction (that literally and figuratively slows them down) at their local or commute mobihub, with which they can choose to interact, together or alone”The mobihub needs to facilitate for two kinds of pePple at the same time. The fact that the mobihub needs to be in these two states at the same time was compared to the principle of ‘quantum superpositioning’. In quantum superpositioning, a quantum particle can be in two places at the same time (figure 2). After an ideation period a design direction was found. This design direction revolves around modular multi-purpose interactive capsules on the mobihub. With these capsules, inhabitants can combine their mobility patterns. Inhabitants can deliver packages for each other, lend or sell each other items, or pick up groceries. The capsules and the supporting app form an open-ended platform that can be used by the inhabitants as they see fit. This design direction was prototyped (figure 3) and evaluated with users and experts. The functionalities were viewed as very beneficial, but the design direction did not provide a meaningful interaction between place (mobihub) and user (inhabitant).After an extended period of research, it was found that the mobihub should act as a concerned parent through the app and the interactive capsules. The mobihub acting as a concerned parent gives the relationship between user and hub more meaning, because it mirrors wanted mobility patterns. The hub is a concerned parent that needs to ‘educate’ it’s users about responsible mobility usage, and ‘take care’ of them. The user, in turn, has the responsibility to keep visiting his ‘parent’. The final design was dubbed “mobi+punt” (Mobipuntplus or Mobipluspunt) (see figures 4 and 5) and was evaluated with relevant experts in an expert meeting (figure 6). It was evident that social cohesion the most relevant success factor of the design is, as well as efficiency in delivery methods and extra value for the neighbourhood. The main limitations all revolved around the business model and implementation -questions. The final design is still conceptual, and there are much unknowns about its eventual realisation. The experts recognized that it is an idea with a lot of potential.","Mobility; Sustainability; social cohesion; energy transition; Vision in Product Design; Neighbourhood; human-centred design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:f26d00d6-eb17-41f7-b182-16979c0c9708","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f26d00d6-eb17-41f7-b182-16979c0c9708","The natural side of Hembrug: Redeveloping Hembrug with minimal (environmental) impact.","Spek, Jan-Willem (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Meijers, W.L.E.C. (mentor); Warries, G.Y. (mentor); Zijlstra, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The heritage site of Hembrug used to be the center of the production of weapons and ammunition within the Netherlands during the twentieth century. Now the site is mostly vacant and awaiting a new purpose. Most of the site used to be densely build with industrial halls, but there is one area that is different. The old explosive factory within the site of Hembrug has an unexpected relationship with its natural environment. The abundant greenery on this site is not only important for how the site is currently experienced, but it is also a crucial part of the sites heritage. Therefore it should also be an important part of this areas future. Thus this design aims to preserve this natural environmental by redeveloping this site with a minimal intervention strategy. The site in transformed into a nature oriented hotel, where people get a change to enjoy both the natural and build heritage that the site already has to offer. The design aims to have a minimal impact on the existing landscape, on the heritage buildings and on the entire climate. Therefore special attention is paid to designing sustainable by reusing material and applying exclusively sustainable building materials in the process. This way the design balances both the natural and build environment of the site and shows how these do not need to be mutually exclusive in a Heritage site such as Hembrug.","Heritage & Architecture; Hembrug; Sustainability; Revitalising Heritage; Nature; Hotel","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Heritage & Architecture","Revitalising Heritage: Hembrug Peninsula","52.420132, 4.838347"
"uuid:e51dbb87-09f7-4c33-a956-226874a1e7b7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e51dbb87-09f7-4c33-a956-226874a1e7b7","Exploration of the cobalt system: Scenarios for a critical material for the energy system","van der Linden, Erika (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Auping, Willem (mentor); Kwakkel, Jan (mentor); Annema, Jan Anne (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The transition to a low-carbon economy depends on several critical materials, among which is cobalt. This metal is a main component in batteries, and therefore, demand for cobalt is expected to increase in the coming years. This paper explores future scenarios for the cobalt system, in light of its role in the low-carbon transition. The future of cobalt is characterized by deep uncertainty: it involves uncertainty on how the system is structured, on the values of variables influencing the system, and on the desirability of outcomes of interest. Therefore, this research uses Exploratory system dynamics modelling and analysis as the method, since it allows to explore an ensemble of models, each with different values for the input variables. The results show that cobalt is likely to remain a critical material for the electric vehicle transition, although the demand for the metal could vary greatly, depending on the size of future batteries and how fast the average oregrade of cobalt will decline. The demand scenarios in turn influence the development of industrial and artisanal mining, and recycling in the cobalt system. Depending on the collection rate of batteries and other cobalt-containing goods at the end of their life, recycled cobalt could account for a significant part of the demand. The by-product nature of cobalt makes future industrial mining dependent on developments in the nickel and copper markets. If the demand for cobalt increases sufficiently and its price levels go up, cobalt could become a co-product for nickel and copper. With regards to scarcity and sustainability of the cobalt system, this research examines the influence of the assumptions of the two opposing paradigms in the literature on these two concepts: the Fixed stock paradigm and the Opportunity cost paradigm. While the Fixed stock paradigm warns for eminent physical scarcity, the Opportunity cost paradigm places its trust in the regulating capabilities of the price of metals, the signal for economic scarcity. This paper argues that the continued discussion on the paradigms, divert the attention from the externalities of mining. Cobalt resources are not likely to soon be depleted, but externalities of mining could continue to increase. More cooperation between scientists of both paradigms could help to increase understanding of metal systems, and to produce better advice on policies for decision makers to cope with the externalities. Increased research into understanding how externalities of mining could be mitigated is therefore recommended.","Energy transition; Cobalt; Exploratory Modelling and Analysis; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:c64768cd-5647-4a60-b442-575635c225b0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c64768cd-5647-4a60-b442-575635c225b0","Habitat: Ecology Thinking in Architecture","","van den Heuvel, D. (editor); Martens, Janno (editor); Muñoz Sanz, V. (editor)","2020","Habitat became a hotly debated topic in architecture in the 1950s, when this ecological term was introduced in the avant-garde circles of CIAM (Congrès Internationaux d’Architecture Moderne) and Team 10. Next to rethinking the housing question the notion of habitat brought a profoundly new way to conceive architecture and urban planning. No longer could one consider cities and buildings as discrete, isolate objects but instead they were to be understood as part of a larger whole, an environment or habitat.
In light of contemporary environmental awareness Habitat: Ecology Thinking in Architecture offers a transhistorical perspective to reflect on design principles from the recent past, reinvigorate current debates while offering suggestions for future architectural research.","Habitat; Ecology; Architectural Design; Architectural History; Architectural Theory; Sustainability; Urban Planning","en","book","nai010 publishers","978-94-6208-556-5","","","","","Campus only","","","","Form, Space & Type","","",""
"uuid:11786dde-38da-4521-9322-96d6af4ca1ae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11786dde-38da-4521-9322-96d6af4ca1ae","An optimisation strategy for the (in- and out-of-plane) resistance of steel beams in demountable composite floor systems","Nijgh, M.P. (TU Delft Steel & Composite Structures); Veljkovic, M. (TU Delft Steel & Composite Structures)","","2020","Demountable and reusable composite floor systems enable the decoupling between the use of construction materials and economic activity, and hereby contribute to the sustainability of the built environment. Efficient material use through optimised cross-section design reduces construction material demand. Demountable steel-concrete composite floor systems are perceived as competitive when consisting of steel beams and large prefabricated concrete floor elements, with composite interaction achieved by demountable shear connectors. Compared to traditional monolithic floor systems, the demountable composite floor systems have an increased sensitivity to lateral-torsional buckling during execution, mostly because of unsymmetrical loading and the absence of rotational constraints in the execution phase. This increased sensitivity implies that the cross-section of the steel beam should not only be designed based on the required in-plane resistance, but should also maximise the out-of-plane resistance. The Energy method and Rayleigh-Ritz methods are combined to develop a prediction model for the critical bending moment of monosymmetrical web-tapered steel beams. The key cross-sectional dimensions and parameters that affect the in-plane and out-of-plane resistance are identified. An overarching strategy for the concurrent optimisation of the in-plane and out-of-plane resistance of monosymmetrical cross-sections is presented without compromising on material efficiency. The beneficial effects of the proposed optimisation strategy are quantified through a case study example.","Critical bending moment; Demountable composite floor system; Design optimisation; Lateral-torsional buckling; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2020-08-20","","","Steel & Composite Structures","","",""
"uuid:b88487cf-97c2-422b-8173-726db5acbb30","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b88487cf-97c2-422b-8173-726db5acbb30","Sustainable Societal Infrastructures: A Resilient Approach to Prevent Conflicting Claims of Drinking Water and Other Infrastructures","Kloosterman, Ritsche Anne (Vitens N.V.); Veeneman, Wijnand (TU Delft Organisation & Governance); van der Hoek, J.P. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering)","","2020","Societal infrastructures are the lifeblood of societies, and the sustainability of
infrastructures is very important. Societal infrastructures can experience conflicting spatial claims with other societal infrastructures, disturbing the sustainable situation. The objective of this paper is to design large infrastructures, with a focus on the Drinking Water Infrastructure (DWI), in a more sustainable way by using the resilience concept. To study this, a case study was done in the Netherlands, where an overlap is present between the DWI and the protection zones, and a new railroad and water safety measures in the river IJssel. The case showed that conflicting infrastructures are inflexible and unable to adapt to change due to several reasons in the governance and in the infrastructure system itself. The case was useful for identifying eight design principles to prevent conflicting claims between large infrastructures.","Conflicting spatial claims; Design principles; Drinking water protection zones; Governance; Groundwater; IJssel; Railroad; Societal infrastructures; Sustainability; Zwolle","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Organisation & Governance","","",""
"uuid:86094dbe-7b94-4ec6-a532-6cc083a66a82","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:86094dbe-7b94-4ec6-a532-6cc083a66a82","Identifying building obsolescence: towards increasing buildings' service life","Pourebrahimi, Mohammad (Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin); Eghbali, Seyed Rahman (Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin); Pereira Roders, A. (TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology)","","2020","Purpose: Obsolescence is a decline or loss of utility of an object, building or product. Different types of building obsolescence decrease buildings’ utility and shorten their service life. The purpose of this paper is identification of building obsolescence types and the relevant factors that affect buildings to become obsolete. It is also intended to categorise building obsolescence types to provide a contribution towards increasing building service life and delivering sustainability. Design/methodology/approach: A systematic literature review is applied to conduct this research. It follows five steps: (1) formulating the research question; (2) locating studies; (3) selecting and evaluating relevant studies; (4) analysing the findings; (5) reporting and making use of the results. Findings: Via this study, it is revealed that there are 33 types of building obsolescence. They are clustered in 10 categories regarding their conceptual and causing aspects and are presented based on their recurrence in the literature. According to the findings, economic obsolescence (including economic, financial and market obsolescence types) and functional obsolescence (including functional, use and utility obsolescence types) are the most remarkable categories. Originality/value: Investigating the literature makes it clear that building obsolescence types have been studied intermittently with infrequent profound exploration of the relationship between them. This paper presents a comprehensive identification of building obsolescence types and introduces obsolescence categories that classify connected obsolescence types. It is a new framework for further studies on building obsolescence to find more effective prevention strategies to mitigate social, economic and environmental consequences of building obsolescence.","Building obsolescence; Obsolescence category; Obsolescence type; Service life; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2020-10-08","","Architectural Engineering +Technology","","","",""
"uuid:ed71e926-f248-4684-a35b-77143b709c71","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed71e926-f248-4684-a35b-77143b709c71","The Near Future of Parcel Delivery: Selecting Sustainable Solutions for Parcel Delivery","van Duin, Ron (TU Delft Transport and Logistics; Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences); Enserink, B. (TU Delft Policy Analysis); Daleman, J.J. (CEVA Logistics); Vaandrager, M. (PostNL)","Awasthi, Anjali (editor)","2020","The GHG-emissions of the transport sector are still increasing. This trend isaccompanied by the strong growth of the e-commerce sector, leading to moretransport movements on our road networks. In order to mitigate theexternalities of the e-commerce related parcel delivery market and try tomake it more sustainable, the following research question has been drafted:How could the last mile parcel delivery process become more sustainable,i.e. how to minimise traffic impacts and emissions, while maintaining thesocial and economic benefits of e-commerce and home deliveries?To answer the research question, this study follows a Multi-Actor Multi-Criteria Approach (MAMCA), which is defined especially for large projectsthat require high stakeholder involvement. Based on a stakeholder analysisand an analysis of their points of view, a sustainability framework has beendefined. This framework consists of a set of criteria along which several‘more sustainable’ last mile alternatives have been assessed. The mostimportant criteria are the reduction of GHG emissions, delivery time, costsand customer satisfaction.This study assesses the costs and benefits of the implementation of cargobikes, electric vans, Urban Consolidation Centres (UCCs), crowdsourcingsystems, and evening and night time deliveries. First, a Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique (SMART) method is applied to identify thealternative(s) that offer the highest utility (most benefits). According to theSMART analysis, parcel lockers, UCCs (with electric transport) and nightdelivery are the most beneficial alternatives for a sustainable last mile in alldifferent cases (best-, middle- and worst-cases). After implementing thesealternatives in a Discrete-Event Simulation (DES) model and conductingcarefully designed experiments with it, the conclusion can be drawn thatimplementing or expanding the parcel locker infrastructure significantlyenhances the operational efficiency. Furthermore, these lockers can easily bereplenished by night, which reduces the traffic impact of parcel delivery evenfurther.","Parcel Delivery; Sustainability; assessment; simulation; future","en","book chapter","Nova Science Publishers","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2020-06-01","","","Transport and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:11d90c79-6b9e-44a9-9f13-6975a7da6b80","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11d90c79-6b9e-44a9-9f13-6975a7da6b80","Requirements for oversized holes for reusable steel-concrete composite floor systems","Nijgh, M.P. (TU Delft Steel & Composite Structures); Veljkovic, M. (TU Delft Steel & Composite Structures)","","2020","The design of sustainable structures is increasingly gaining attention in the construction sector as a societal and technological challenge. Demountability and reuse of structures contributes to the reduction of the environmental impact of the built environment. Welded headed studs used in traditional steel-concrete composite floor systems need to be replaced by demountable shear connectors to enable the transition of the construction sector to a circular business model. The demountable shear connectors are embedded in large prefabricated concrete floor elements and connected to steel beams by bolts. The holes in the beam flange are oversized to account for geometrical and dimensional deviations of all members and to facilitate rapid execution and easy demounting. The goal of this paper is to present a methodology that quantifies the required nominal hole clearance for reusable composite floor systems. Statistical characteristics of dimensional and geometrical deviations serve as input for Monte-Carlo simulations. The aggregated results of the Monte Carlo simulations are used to determine the required nominal hole clearance for a specified probability of successful installation of the demountable shear connectors. The proposed methodology is applied to the composite floor system of a demountable and reusable car park building. The contradicting requirement of oversized holes and composite interaction is solved by injecting the hole clearance with a (steel-reinforced) epoxy resin. The bearing resistance of the (steel-reinforced) epoxy resin is addressed based on preliminary results of creep experiments on resin-injected bolted connections.","Bearing strength; Composite floor system; Deviation; Resin-injected bolted connection; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2020-08-07","","","Steel & Composite Structures","","",""
"uuid:a6dd0199-16db-4eda-8c2c-813e98fdf3fb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6dd0199-16db-4eda-8c2c-813e98fdf3fb","Challenges and opportunities of business models in sustainable transitions: Evidence from solar energy niche development in Lebanon","Elmustapha, Houda (American University in the Emirates); Hoppe, T. (TU Delft Organisation & Governance)","","2020","Although business models presumably have a prominent role in socio-technical change remarkably little research has been conducted in this domain, more particularly in the context of developing economies. In this paper, we tap into this knowledge gap and study business model components and the challenges they face. We argue that the market value of renewable energy technologies will increase when new business models are implemented to overcome financial and institutional challenges. We complement concepts of the business model literature with the insights from the sustainable transitions literature. This paper addresses two research questions: What are the challenges of business and financial models in the transition towards decentralized solar energy driven systems? And what are the promising opportunities for new business models in a developing country context? To answer these research questions, we use a case study research design focusing on niche market development of solar thermal and solar photovoltaic (PV) technology in Lebanon. Data collection involved analysis of relevant text documents and expert interviews with 30 informants across different groups of stakeholders. Data analysis involved qualitative interpretation of collected data against concepts from the business model and Strategic Niche Management literatures. The results show that business model challenges initially were highly dependent on donor aid, which contributed to the launch and network creation of niche markets. Later, a shift to micro-finance and business startup models was observed, which showed promising development. Knowledge transfer and community empowerment were found to play an important role in developing new business models that involve consumers more closely. As this development is expected to take place more often, we expect that new opportunity pathways will develop in developing economies like Lebanon.","Business model; Consumers; Niche development; Renewable energy; Solar energy; Sustainability; Sustainable transition","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Organisation & Governance","","",""
"uuid:35c6ed23-c79b-48e1-afa0-84dddbdbd638","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:35c6ed23-c79b-48e1-afa0-84dddbdbd638","Support for the selection of environmental impact abatement equipment in the early stage design","Pruyn, J.F.J. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations); van Grootheest, I.V. (Student TU Delft); Lafeber, Frans Hendrik (Maritime Research Institute Netherlands (MARIN)); Scholtens, Marco (NMT)","Bertram, Volker (editor)","2020","Stricter regulations for shipping on theemission to air and waterare introduced. To deal with this,a part of the Horizon2020 NAVAIS project is devoted to the identification of relevant regulations and the design of a tool to select the optimal combination of abatement options to achieve or go beyond the limits set by these regulations. Itis an early-stage design tool, whichincludesthe mutual influences of abatement options on each other, allowing/giving a deeper understanding of trade-offs to be made. The results of this tool showthe trade-off between emission abatement and costs.","ship design; Sustainability; optimization; Option selection","en","conference paper","Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg","","","","","","","","","","Ship Design, Production and Operations","","",""
"uuid:ac5c1cb4-32be-4c93-9457-1cbab752c8da","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac5c1cb4-32be-4c93-9457-1cbab752c8da","Improving printability of limestone-calcined clay-based cementitious materials by using viscosity-modifying admixture","Chen, Y. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Chaves Figueiredo, S. (TU Delft Materials and Environment; Eindhoven University of Technology); Li, Z. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Chang, Z. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Jansen, K. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Copuroglu, Oguzhan (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Schlangen, E. (TU Delft Materials and Environment)","","2020","In 3D concrete printing (3DCP), it is necessary to meet contradicting rheological requirements: high fluidity during pumping and extrusion, and high stability and viscosity at rest to build the layered structure. In this paper, the impact of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)-based viscosity-modifying admixture (VMA) on the 3D printability and mechanical performance of a limestone and calcined clay based cementitious material is investigated. A combination of VMA and superplasticizer was used for that purpose. In this case, controlling the competitive effects between VMA and superplasticizer becomes critical. The main strategy for 3D printing in this study was to add an optimal dosage of VMA in the solid suspension that was already mixed with water and superplasticizer. A lab-scale 3DCP setup was developed and demonstrated as well. A series of tests was performed to characterize the effects of VMA on flowability, extrudability, open time, buildability, green strength, hydration, compressive strength, and air void content and distribution. Experiments performed in this study showed that the mixture containing 0.24% (of the binder mass) of VMA exhibited satisfactory 3D printability and optimal mechanical performance. Finally, the results, limitations, and perspectives of the current research were discussed.","3D concrete printing; Limestone and calcined clay; Mechanical performance; Sustainability; Viscosity-modifying admixture","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:2401ff94-42ad-4cc6-8a81-df14ccc9eb32","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2401ff94-42ad-4cc6-8a81-df14ccc9eb32","Effect of different grade levels of calcined clays on fresh and hardened properties of ternary-blended cementitious materials for 3D printing","Chen, Y. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Romero Rodriguez, C. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Li, Z. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Chen, B. (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Copuroglu, Oguzhan (TU Delft Materials and Environment); Schlangen, E. (TU Delft Materials and Environment)","","2020","This study aims to investigate the influences of different grades of calcined clay on 3D printability, compressive strength (7 days), and hydration of limestone and calcined clay-based cementitious materials. Calcined clays that contained various amounts of metakaolin were achieved by blending low-grade calcined clay (LGCC) and high-grade calcined clay (HGCC) in three different proportions. The results revealed that increasing the HGCC% ranging from 0 wt% to 50 wt% in calcined clay could: (1) increase the flow consistency; (2) impressively improve the buildability, and reduce the printability window of the fresh mixtures; (3) enhance and accelerate the cement hydration. The reduction of mean interparticle distance induced by increasing HGCC% may be the primary reason for the enhancement of buildability and very early-age hydration. However, increasing HGCC% led to an increase of air void content in the interface region of the printed sample, which weakened the compressive strength of the printed sample at 7 days. Besides, it confirmed that the cold-joint/weak interface was easily formed by using the fresh mixture with a high structuration rate.","3D concrete printing; Calcined clay; Compressive strength; Hydration kinetics; Sustainability; Ternary-blended cementitious materials","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:f4a256f6-23bd-4ce2-939f-c407b6e8fecb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f4a256f6-23bd-4ce2-939f-c407b6e8fecb","Will Automotive Be the Future of Mobility? Striving for Six Zeros","Rieck, Frank (Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences); Machielse, Kees (Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences); van Duin, Ron (TU Delft Transport and Logistics; Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences)","","2020","Will automotive be the future of mobility or will the motorcar era come to an end in the 21st century? Today, auto-mobility is still growing, but in the future, this will depend on its ability to adapt to the needs of modern society. Disruptive technologies like electrification, automation, and connectivity can make automotive more sustainable by striving for the Six Zero goals: Zero Emission, Zero Energy, Zero Congestion, Zero Accident, Zero Empty, and Zero Cost. These tempting goals can lead not only to a more sustainable ecology, but also to a new economy with more efficient use of the time and money needed for mobility. In this future mobility framework, this article describes the practice-oriented research of the Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences with its regional partners to achieve these goals.","Automotive; electric vehicle (EV); Sustainability; Disruptive technologies; Electrification; Connectivity; Sharing; Smart e-Mobility; Six Zeros","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:27e7f355-7325-4cf1-8ff2-c975d05ea773","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:27e7f355-7325-4cf1-8ff2-c975d05ea773","Impacts of replacing a fixed transit line by a Demand Responsive Transit system","Coutinho, Felipe Mariz (External organisation); van Oort, N. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Christoforou, Zoi (Gustave Eiffel University); Alonso González, M.J. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Cats, O. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Hoogendoorn, S.P. (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","","2020","The diffusion of the smartphone and the urban sprawl is pushing both private and public actors to revisit the concept of the demand-responsive transit (DRT). Mokumflex is a DRT pilot program that replaced the regular bus service in low-density areas of Amsterdam, the Netherlands, for 12 months. The close collaboration with the private enterprise that conducted the system but also with the local bus operator allowed the authors to have access to precise databases, giving this article empirical information for both the situation before and after the implementation. These insights help to understand DRT systems and support (future) design of DRT and transit systems. A few indicators were chosen for the comparison: distances, ridership, costs, Greenhouse Gases (GHG), emissions and population’s perception. The ridership dropped, however, for being “demand-tailored”, the mileage per passenger reduced, improving the costs and GHG emissions. In regards to population’s perception, the system enjoyed a good evaluation.","Demand responsive transport; Fixed transit; Ridership; Sustainability; Efficient operations","en","conference paper","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2020-03-01","","Transport and Planning","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:9d8547fc-6026-4d69-9986-5a73957c1be5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9d8547fc-6026-4d69-9986-5a73957c1be5","Impacts of replacing a fixed public transport line by a demand responsive transport system: Case study of a rural area in Amsterdam","Coutinho, Felipe Mariz (External organisation); van Oort, N. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Christoforou, Zoi (Gustave Eiffel University); Alonso González, M.J. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Cats, O. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Hoogendoorn, S.P. (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","","2020","The diffusion of the smartphone and the urban sprawl is pushing both private and public actors to revisit the concept of demand-responsive transport (DRT). This paper provides a historical overview of DRT experiences, understanding their pros and cons. In addition, it presents the case study of Mokumflex, a 12-month DRT pilot program that replaced the regular bus service in low-density areas of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Based on a close collaboration with the private enterprise that operated the service and also with the local bus operator, we performed an empirical before and after comparison. These insights help to understand the impacts of DRT systems and support (future) design of DRT and public transport. A set of indicators was chosen for the intermodal comparison: travel distances, ridership, costs, Greenhouse Gases (GHG), emissions and population's perception. Ridership dropped from 78.1 passengers/day to 15.9 passengers/day, however, for being “demand-tailored”, passenger-km reduced even more, going from 1252.8 km/day to 136.6 km/day, hence reducing the costs and GHG emissions per passenger. In regards to population's perception, the system enjoyed a good evaluation.","Demand responsive transport; Efficient operations; Fixed public transport; Ridership; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Planning","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:519b9bd0-2333-41e7-af34-9e42197b1420","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:519b9bd0-2333-41e7-af34-9e42197b1420","A review of gas turbine engine with inter-stage turbine burner","Yin, F. (TU Delft Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects); Gangoli Rao, A. (TU Delft Flight Performance and Propulsion)","","2020","Society is going through transformations at a rate that is unprecedented in human history. One such transformation is the energy transition, which will affect almost every facet of our society. Gas turbine engines are state of the art machines, a backbone of modern society, and used in various applications, right from power generation to propelling aircraft and ships. This paper reviews the possibilities offered by the Inter-stage Turbine Burner (ITB) configuration for both aviation and power generation with a view on sustainability and fuel flexibility. First, the thermodynamic characteristics of a Brayton-Joule cycle with ITB is elaborated, followed by discussions on the design and the off-design performance characteristics of such a gas turbine architectural variation. Finally, the viability of ITB architecture in reducing emissions and enabling “Energy Mix” in aviation is elaborated. The paper concludes with an outlook on the technological readiness ladder that the engineering community will have to address in the future.","Energy mix; Energy transition; Fuel flexibility; Inter-stage turbine burner; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Aircraft Noise and Climate Effects","","",""
"uuid:f8704e13-2995-4eb1-ba16-587131e3ca16","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f8704e13-2995-4eb1-ba16-587131e3ca16","Recycled Glass Mixtures as Cast Glass Components for Structural Applications, Towards Sustainability","Anagni, G.M. (TU Delft Applied Mechanics; Politecnico di Milano); Bristogianni, T. (TU Delft Applied Mechanics); Oikonomopoulou, F. (TU Delft Structural Design & Mechanics); Rigone, Paolo (Politecnico di Milano); Mazzucchelli, Enrico Sergio (Politecnico di Milano)","Louter, Christian (editor); Bos, Freek (editor); Belis, Jan (editor)","2020","The problem of sustainability represents one of the most important issues that the world has to face nowadays, not only in terms of energy consumption and of the consequent CO2 emissions, but also in terms of material waste streams that end in landfill. 38 million tons of glass waste are produced every year in the European Union and new targets have been set for 2020 towards a more sustainable management of such wastes. Nowadays, only the container glass industry has reached a considerable recycling rate, while for all the other sectors we are still witnessing downgrading processes. Looking at the world of construction, glass has been more and more employed as a structural material thanks to its high transparency and compression strength. Although the use of glass can be attractive under multiple aspects and its production is continuously increasing, once employed as a construction element, it is rarely reused or recycled due to the high-quality requirement demanded to the industry of production. Nevertheless, besides its main applications as a 2-dimensional element, the new technology of cast glass has been recognised as a potential mean of glass recycling. Here, glass is designed and used under the form of repetitive 3-dimensional units assembled in a whole geometrical shape. In fact, thanks to its higher load-bearing capacity under monolithic shapes, this glass can admit less restrictions and potentially incorporate different types of waste. For this reason, the aim of this experimental work is to find a possible combination between glass families, specifically soda-lime, borosilicate and lead-crystal glass, to be recycled as cast glass components. Each type of glass was powdered or grinded under the form of cullet and different mixtures were prepared to be melted at temperatures of 970°C, 1120°C and 1200°C through the kiln-cast tecnique. Finally, an experimental splitting test was performed to define a force trend and a fracture behaviour for each sample. Some preliminary results have been achieved drawing the guidelines for a further investigation. Soda-lime-silica glass and lead-crystal glass mixture revealed to be the most compliant glass recipe with the required physical and mechanical properties, when reheated at 1120°C. The decrease in the melting temperature of the compound and the higher transparency given by the addition of lead glass revealed the potential benefit, in terms of sustainability, for future projects.","Recycling; Cast glass; Sustainability","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Applied Mechanics","","",""
"uuid:3d38a4bf-5f1f-44d6-b597-5a0524e6cc58","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3d38a4bf-5f1f-44d6-b597-5a0524e6cc58","Effects of Humidity and the Presence of Moisture at the Bond-line on the Interfacial Separation of Laminated Glass for Flat Glass Re-use","Hartwell, Rebecca (University of Cambridge); Overend, M. (TU Delft Structural Design & Mechanics)","Louter, Christian (editor); Bos, Freek (editor); Belis, Jan (editor)","2020","The built environment is under scrutiny to address environmental design challenges by considering a whole-life holistic approach that seeks reductions in operational emissions whilst simultaneously pursuing reductions in embodied emissions. Reduced embodied emissions can be found through the responsible sourcing of resources and re-use of materials in their highest obtainable value. Laminated glass is used widely within the building industry for improving security and for reducing the risk of human injury from glass fracture. At present, few options exist for the re-use and high-value re-cycling of laminated glass; it is most commonly disposed of in landfill or down-cycled into aggregate material due to its low perceived value at end-of-life. Whilst some efforts have been made to separate the poly-vinyl butyral (PVB) interlayer from glass in the automotive industry, such processes typically involve destructive crushing of the glass sheets and residual glass that is not at a high enough purity to be considered for re-cycling as cullet for visual glass applications. A more effective removal of the PVB-interlayer through severing of the PVB-glass interfacial bonds, would allow flat glass from existing laminated glass panels to be re-conditioned to fulfil the latest functional requirements in architectural glass. Whilst the temperature and strain rate dependency of the PVB-interlayer material itself has been well-researched, the fundamental nature of the interfacial bonding between glass and PVB, governed by initial processing, is not well-understood. This paper presents findings from the latest experimental research that explores methods of separating 2.9 mm x 100 mm x 150 mm flat glass sheets from a 0.38mm PVB-interlayer for flat glass re-use and/or re- cycling of glass sheets at their highest obtainable value at end-of-life. A bespoke standardised test has been developed by the authors inspired by the compressive shear test, to evaluate methods for achieving separation between the interlayer and glass on a small-scale. Tests were conducted at room temperature to evaluate the effects of varying displacement rate (0.125mm/min, 0.5mm/min and 1.0mm/min), humidity exposure and the influence of water infiltration along the bond line. It was found that the influence of humidity-ageing and water infiltration along the glass-interlayer interface during separation led to a greater proportion of delaminated area compared to the un-aged samples. The greater proportion of delaminated area was found to be a result of a mixture of the effects of a change in the bulk material properties of the interlayer and the intrinsic value of interfacial adhesion.","Laminated glass; Interfacial adhesion; Delamination; Sustainability; Re-use; Re-cycling","en","conference paper","TU Delft OPEN Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Structural Design & Mechanics","","",""
"uuid:1569daac-0c68-429e-9528-3b62316491d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1569daac-0c68-429e-9528-3b62316491d4","Implementation of circularity in the building process: A case study research into organizing the actor network and decision-making process","Gerding, Ditte (Student TU Delft); Wamelink, J.W.F. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management); Leclercq, E.M. (TU Delft Design & Construction Management)","Scott, Lloyd (editor); Neilson, Christopher J. (editor)","2020","Circularity aims to reduce waste by closing and narrowing resource loops and by extending the lifetime of materials and products. As a consequence of this fundamentally different approach to construction practices, implementation entails a different organization of the building process. The purpose of this research is to make recommendations with respect to the actor network and the decision-making process to facilitate implementation of circularity in construction practices. First, a theoretical framework is developed to structure and prioritize decision-making to implement circularity based on resource and value strategies. Second, this framework is applied to three circular building cases in the Netherlands, relying on stakeholder interviews and documentation. These cases include a renovation project, a newly built project, and a transformation project. Third, analysis of the case study data demonstrates the actor network and decision-making process including the following aspects: Actors, resources, relations, positions, influence, and decision rounds. It can be concluded that: i) some conventional actors have acquired knowledge on circularity; and ii) expert actors emerged who have specialized in circularity. Both types of actors are a prerequisite iii) to implement circular strategies for the beginning and end phase of the building's lifetime; and iv) should be involved early on (in the design-making processes) to influence decision-making on circularity, especially concerning the long-lived layers of a building.","Actor network analysis; Circular construction; Life cycle; Sustainability","en","conference paper","ARCOM, Association of Researchers in Construction Management","","","","","","","","","","Design & Construction Management","","",""
"uuid:3083b2fe-aeb9-4a5b-9d3f-6a6169f6fab9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3083b2fe-aeb9-4a5b-9d3f-6a6169f6fab9","KaDer Gelderland Winter 2020 evaluatierapport","Zijlstra, H. (TU Delft Heritage & Design)","","2020","Progres report KaDEr research project.","Living lab; Heritage; Sustainability; Education","nl","report","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Design","","",""
"uuid:ef86dfa0-c8df-4642-b5a9-c26c675d0979","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ef86dfa0-c8df-4642-b5a9-c26c675d0979","Safety science, a systems thinking perspective: From events to mental models and sustainable safety","Blokland, P.J. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science); Reniers, G.L.L.M.E. (TU Delft Safety and Security Science; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Universiteit Antwerpen)","","2020","In the past one hundred years, concepts such as risk, safety and security have become ever more important and they represent a growing concern in our society. These concepts are also important subjects of study to enhance sustainability. During the past fifty years, safety science has gradually developed as an independent field of science. In this period, different concepts, theories, models and research traditions have emerged, each with its specific perspective. Safety science is now focused on finding ways to proactively achieve safety versus reaching safety in a reactive way. We think this increasing awareness and search for proactiveness can be found and presented when viewed in light of the systems thinking iceberg model, where increasing awareness and proactiveness can be seen as digging deeper into this systems thinking iceberg, discovering the levels of systems, structures and ultimately the mental models that are ""below the waterline"". It offers a way forward in understanding, and proactively managing, risk, safety, security and sustainable performance, in organizations and ultimately in society as a whole.","Mental models; Performance; Risk; Safety; Security; Sustainability; Systems thinking","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Safety and Security Science","","",""
"uuid:cddd81ee-97b4-4860-a61c-9a967151e56d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cddd81ee-97b4-4860-a61c-9a967151e56d","COVID-19 and public transportation: Current assessment, prospects, and research needs","Tirachini, Alejandro (Universidad de Chile); Cats, O. (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","","2020","The COVID-19 pandemic poses a great challenge for contemporary public transportation worldwide, resulting from an unprecedented decline in demand and revenue. In this paper, we synthesize the state-of-the-art, up to early June 2020, on key developments regarding public transportation and the COVID-19 pandemic, including the different responses adopted by governments and public transportation agencies around the world, and the research needs pertaining to critical issues that minimize contagion risk in public transportation in the so-called post-lockdown phase. While attempts at adherence to physical distancing (which challenges the very concept of mass public transportation) are looming in several countries, the latest research shows that for closed environments such as public transportation vehicles, the proper use of face masks has significantly reduced the probability of contagion. The economic and social effects of the COVID-19 outbreak in public transportation extend beyond service performance and health risks to financial viability, social equity, and sustainable mobility. There is a risk that if the public transportation sector is perceived as poorly transitioning to post-pandemic conditions, that viewing public transportation as unhealthy will gain ground and might be sustained. To this end, this paper identifies the research needs and outlines a research agenda for the public health implications of alternative strategies and scenarios, specifically measures to reduce crowding in public transportation. The paper provides an overview and an outlook for transit policy makers, planners, and researchers to map the state-of-affairs and research needs related to the impacts of the pandemic crisis on public transportation. Some research needs require urgent attention given what is ultimately at stake in several countries: restoring the ability of public transportation systems to fulfill their societal role.","COVID-19 virus transmission; Public health; Resilience; Safety; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:68308ba3-da3d-44f4-8890-dbd473835829","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68308ba3-da3d-44f4-8890-dbd473835829","Watershed management index based on the village watershed model (VWM) approach towards sustainability","Sriyana, Ignatius (Universitas Diponegoro); de Gijt, J.G. (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk); Parahyangsari, Sri Kumala (Watershed Coordination Forum in Central Java Province); Niyomukiza, John Bosco (Ndejje University)","","2020","In the current study, we examine the Indonesian government's watershed management program, which was established in 2001. In 2005, the Coordination Team for Rescue of Water Resources (CTRWR) was established to execute the program on a national level. However, at the time, field implementation was a sectoral interest due to the lack of program integration. To this end, the Indonesian government promoted integrated watershed management in 2009, which since then has been implemented by all stakeholders (in Top–Down management form), with application limited to preparing and planning documents. This is mainly driven by the stakeholders’ lack of understanding with regard to watershed systems as integrated management units. Field implementation results have not yet been realized, including the promotion of community-based watershed management (through Bottom–Up management). The purpose of our research was to determine the index numbers by measuring the level of cooperation between watershed management workers based on the Village Watershed Model (VWM) specifically surface water which includes six variables: planning, participation, institutional, fund sharing, gender, and management systems. The method used was an ordinal measure with the Likert scale. Our data showed successful watershed management, in which five of the six VWM variables—planning, participation, institutional, fund sharing, and management systems—were in the “good” category with indices ranging from 73.08 to 78.27. The gender variable index (69.12) was in the “medium” category.","Index; Management; Model; Sustainability; Village watershed","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","","",""
"uuid:b5092cfa-dbd2-4f84-b920-dda8d1c7efed","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5092cfa-dbd2-4f84-b920-dda8d1c7efed","Toward a holistic view on lean sustainable construction: A literature review","Solaimani, Sam (Nyenrode Business Universiteit); Sedighi, S.M.A. (TU Delft Housing Institutions & Governance; TU Delft Space & Type)","","2020","The need for sustainable built environment is pressing; an urgency that spans environmental, economic and social values of sustainability. Since late 1980s, the Lean philosophy has been adopted in the construction sector, with a focus on efficiency, predominantly as a function of economic competence. More recently, however, the Lean principles and practices have been revisited and increasingly used to create and preserve social and environmental values as well. The result was a growing, but dispersed, body of knowledge on sustainability and Lean construction, and hence, equivocal about how Lean contributes to sustainability. By means of a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) based on 118 journal articles from 1998 to 2017, this article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of “how Lean helps achieve and maintain sustainability in construction sector”. The findings are structured into a holistic framework, which underlines a multidimensional approach toward sustainability, i.e., focus on stakeholders, across various construction phases, while simultaneously being heedful of concerns regarding people, planet, and profit. It became clear that the current body of knowledge is mainly skewed toward economic values, which calls for more research in the social and environmental aspects of construction. This study assembles a palette of existing best practices, based on which scholars’ and practitioners’ can balance their efforts across three dimensions of sustainability. Moreover, it identifies several under-researched areas of Lean sustainable construction that have the potential to be expanded in by future researchers.","Lean construction; Sustainability; Systematic literature review; Triple bottom line","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Housing Institutions & Governance","","",""
"uuid:f8c1db70-1395-4c9f-87d3-6db39521111a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f8c1db70-1395-4c9f-87d3-6db39521111a","Hydraulic-mechanical properties of microfaults in granitic rock using the Punch-Through Shear test","Kluge, C. (TU Delft Reservoir Engineering; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences); Blöcher, Guido (Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences; Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg); Barnhoorn, A. (TU Delft Applied Geophysics and Petrophysics); Bruhn, D.F. (TU Delft Reservoir Engineering; Helmholtz Centre Potsdam - GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","","2020","Fault zones are key features in crystalline geothermal reservoirs or in other subsurface environments due to the fact that they act as main fluid pathways. An adequate experimental description of the evolution of permeability of a realistic microscopic fault zone under in-situ reservoir and fracture parallel flow conditions is required. To address this topic, we demonstrate a novel experimental set up (Punch-Through Shear test) that is able to generate a realistic shear zone (microfault) under in-situ reservoir conditions while simultaneously measuring permeability and dilation. Three samples of intact granite from the Odenwald (Upper Rhine Graben) were placed into a MTS 815 tri-axial compression cell, where a self-designed piston assembly punched down the inner cylinder of the sample creating the desired microfault geometry with a given offset. Permeability was measured and fracture dilation was inferred from an LVDT extensometer chain, as well as the balance of fluid volume flowing in and out of the sample. After fracture generation, the shear displacement was increased to 1.2 mm and pore pressure changes of ± 5 or ± 10 MPa were applied cyclically to simulate injection and production scenarios. Formation of a microfault increased the permeability of the granite rock by 2 to almost 3 orders of magnitude. Further shear displacement led to a small increase in permeability by a factor of 1.1 to 4.0, but permeability was reduced by a factor of 2.5 to 4 within 16 h due to compaction and fault healing. Effective pressure cycling led to reversible permeability changes. CT images showed that the fracture network is rather complex, but depicts all features commonly observed in larger scale fault zones.","Aperture; Granite; Microfault; Permeability; Shear fracture; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Reservoir Engineering","","",""
"uuid:009cb364-ecd8-4ca8-8eae-d6778c35aba2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:009cb364-ecd8-4ca8-8eae-d6778c35aba2","Circular business model experimentation: Demystifying assumptions: Demystifying assumptions","Konietzko, J.C. (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Baldassarre, B.R. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior); Brown, P.D. (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Bocken, N.M.P. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior); Hultink, H.J. (TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior)","","2020","Circular business model experiments may help firms transition towards a circular economy. Little is known about how the participants of experimentation – entrepreneurs, intrapreneurs, innovation managers – develop and test their assumptions during the experimentation process to achieve more circular outcomes. Using a design-science approach, we investigate this process and develop principles to improve it. This is done during three workshops in different contexts: an innovation festival with 14 early-stage circular startups, a workshop with a health technology incumbent, and a workshop with six growth-oriented startups. We find that analyzing their available means – what they find important and prefer to happen (part of their identity), what they know (their skills and knowledge), and whom they know (their social network) – helps to understand how the participants develop and test their assumptions. We show how the mindset and awareness of the participants impact how much attention they pay to the circularity potential of their envisioned circular business models. Based on these insights, we propose a set of principles to prepare the innovation participants for experimentation, and to increase their ability to reflect on their circularity assumptions. Future research is needed to further grow our understanding of the types of principles that can guide meaningful experimentations towards a circular economy.","Business model; Business model innovation; Circular economy; Effectuation; Experimentation; Lean startup; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:178b5a0e-9624-47f8-ba5b-c77e74b1418f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:178b5a0e-9624-47f8-ba5b-c77e74b1418f","Rethinking filter: An interdisciplinary inquiry into typology and concept of filter, towards an active filter model","Razghandi, Khashayar (Max-Planck-Inst. F. Kolloid-und G.; Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin); Yaghmaei, E. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology)","","2020","This work aims to re-investigate different aspects of a variety of filters and filtration processes within diverse realms of knowledge from an interdisciplinary point of view, and develops a comprehensive Active Model of Filter that accommodates the phenomena in its entire diversity and complexity. The Active Filter Model proposes to take Filter-from various fields and scales operating at material and symbolic level-not as mere objects, but as difference-producing phenomena that need to be addressed as complex active systems within event-based boundaries. The model underlines a systemic, operative, performative, and negentropic nature to the phenomena that invites one to; recognize various elements and intra-actions within a filter system; follow chains of operations and processes that render the activity; take the performative and ecology building aspect of the filter activity into consideration; and acknowledge the negentropic, order-producing nature of filtering phenomena. The Active Filter Model is meant to serve as a foundation for further analysis and synthesis in various fields dealing with Filter, and the research approach is put forward as a paradigm for how seemingly disciplinary concepts such as Filter can be rethought through interdisciplinary methods, and mutually complement research questions within active matter, biology, information philosophy, data science and sustainability discourses.","Active matter; Data science; Ecology; Filter; Information; Material; Membrane; Sensor; Sustainability; Systemic","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Ethics & Philosophy of Technology","","",""
"uuid:86c1ce07-507f-4880-a38c-985461a5f686","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:86c1ce07-507f-4880-a38c-985461a5f686","Exploratory modeling for analyzing coupled human-natural systems under uncertainty","Moallemi, Enayat A. (Deakin University; The 4TU Centre for Resilience Engineering (4TU.RE)); Kwakkel, J.H. (TU Delft Policy Analysis); de Haan, Fjalar J. (Deakin University); Bryan, Brett A. (Deakin University)","","2020","Modeling is a crucial approach for understanding the past and exploring the future of coupled human-natural systems. However, uncertainty in various forms challenges inferences from modeling results. Model-based support for decision-making has increasingly adopted an emerging exploratory approach. This approach addresses uncertainty explicitly through systematically exploring the implications of modeling assumptions, aiming to enhance the robustness of inferences from models. Despite a variety of applications, the extent and the way(s) that exploratory modeling can deal with the challenges that arise from the uncertainty and complexity of decision-making with stakeholders has not yet been systematically framed. We address this gap in two ways. First, we present a taxonomy of the ways that exploratory modeling can be used to inform robust inferences in coupled human-natural systems by mapping the technical capabilities of this approach in relation to the diversity of past applications. This subsequently guides an investigation of the practical benefits and challenges of these capabilities in handling uncertainty and complexity. Second, we discuss different ways for integrating genuine stakeholder engagement into exploratory modeling through transdisciplinary research. Finally we outline some priorities for future expansion of this research area.","Adaptation; Decision-making; Participatory; Robustness; Stakeholder; Sustainability; Uncertainty","en","journal article","","","","","","","","2023-11-17","","","Policy Analysis","","",""
"uuid:c39bea74-169d-4c44-8daa-395547c51b15","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c39bea74-169d-4c44-8daa-395547c51b15","Review on adhesives and surface treatments for structural applications: Recent developments on sustainability and implementation for metal and composite substrates","Marques, Ana C. (Lisbon Technical University); Mocanu, Alexandra (Politehnica University of Bucharest); Tomić, Nataša Z. (University of Belgrade); Balos, Sebastian (University of Novi Sad); Stammen, Elisabeth (Technical University of Braunschweig); Lundevall, Asa (Research Institutes of Sweden RISE); Abrahami, Shoshan T. (Vrije Universiteit Brussel); Günther, Roman (Zurich University of Applied Science (ZHAW); ETH Zürich); de Kok, John M.M. (Fokker Aerostructures); Teixeira De Freitas, S. (TU Delft Structural Integrity & Composites)","","2020","Using adhesives for connection technology has many benefits. It is cost-efficient, fast, and allows homogeneous stress distribution between the bonded surfaces. This paper gives an overview on the current state of knowledge regarding the technologically important area of adhesive materials, as well as on emergent related technologies. It is expected to fill some of the technological gaps between the existing literature and industrial reality, by focusing at opportunities and challenges in the adhesives sector, on sustainable and eco-friendly chemistries that enable bio-derived adhesives, recycling and debonding, as well as giving a brief overview on the surface treatment approaches involved in the adhesive application process, with major focus on metal and polymer matrix composites. Finally, some thoughts on the connection between research and development (R&D) efforts, industry standards and regulatory aspects are given. It contributes to bridge the gap between industry and research institutes/academy. Examples from the aeronautics industry are often used since many technological advances in this industry are innovation precursors for other industries. This paper is mainly addressed to chemists, materials scientists, materials engineers, and decision-makers.","Adhesive; Certification; Surface pre-treatments; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Structural Integrity & Composites","","",""
"uuid:79f31d2f-29f5-4709-a317-3c4a6d9402ea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:79f31d2f-29f5-4709-a317-3c4a6d9402ea","Domestic water supply vulnerability to climate change and the role of alternative water sources in Kingston, Jamaica","Townsend, Danneille A. (IHE Delft Institute for Water Education); Sušnik, Janez (IHE Delft Institute for Water Education); van der Zaag, P. (TU Delft Water Resources; IHE Delft Institute for Water Education)","","2020","Globally, freshwater resources are threatened, resulting in challenges for urban water supply and management. Climate change, population growth, and urbanization have only exacerbated this crisis. For the Caribbean, climate change through the impact of increasing temperatures and rainfall variability has resulted in more frequent and intense episodes of disasters including droughts and floods which have impaired the quantity and quality of freshwater supplies. Using Caribbean-specific climate forecasting, it is shown that rainfall totals in Kingston, Jamaica, are expected to reduce by 2030 and 2050 under two RCPs. In addition, the timing of the primary rainy season is expected to shift, potentially impacting water supply security. Analysis of the potential of rainwater harvesting (RWH) to augment supply and enhance water supply resilience shows that in two communities studied in Kingston, it can contribute up to 7% of total water supply. Household storage requirements are about 1 m3 per household, which is feasible. RWH offers the potential to contribute to climate change adaptation and mitigation measures at a household level. Policy, incentives, and increased awareness about the potential of RWH to meet non-potable household demand in Kingston must be improved, as well as efforts to reduce the currently unreasonably high levels of non-revenue water in order to move towards an integrated, sustainable, and climate-resilient urban water supply strategy for the city.","Alternative water supply; Climate change; Domestic water supply; Rainwater harvesting; Sustainability; Vulnerability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Water Resources","","",""
"uuid:d7b02a20-f8fb-4607-8344-44139c2238dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d7b02a20-f8fb-4607-8344-44139c2238dc","Going beyond good intentions for the sustainable conservation of built heritage: A systematic literature review","Gonçalves, Joana (TU Delft Heritage & Values; University of Minho); Mateus, Ricardo (University of Minho); Silvestre, José Dinis (Lisbon Technical University); Pereira Roders, A. (TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology)","","2020","This research addresses the performance gap between intentions towards a sustainable conservation of built heritage and its actual implementation. Socio-psychological models of human behaviour, such as the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), have been studying this dissonance between intention and behaviour, and allow to recognise latent critical factors. This paper provides a systematic literature review of research publications on the intersection of the topics of human behaviour, heritage, and sustainability. It aims to analyse how the TPB has been used in the field of sustainable conservation of built heritage. The studies are categorised according to the type of heritage, main actors targeted, aims, and methodology. A total of 140 publications were analysed. The results show a recent field of research. In the domain of built heritage conservation, behaviour is commonly addressed as a synonym of performance, targeting the building itself. Most publications relating socio-psychological constructs of behaviour and heritage sustainability can be found in the tourism and hospitality field, focusing on tourists’ and residents’ behaviours. The review shows that practitioners are still absent from the literature. However, research addressing other stakeholders shows that the theoretical framework can play an important role in the implementation of sustainable conservation practices in the built heritage.","Behavioural intentions; Built environment; Conservation; Heritage; Sustainability","en","review","","","","","","","","","","Architectural Engineering +Technology","Heritage & Values","","",""
"uuid:205cb887-23c7-4cf4-82d9-2618ff335b86","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:205cb887-23c7-4cf4-82d9-2618ff335b86","Process intensification education contributes to sustainable development goals. Part 2","Fernandez Rivas, David (University of Twente); Boffito, Daria C. (Polytechnique Montreal); Faria-Albanese, Jimmy (University of Twente); Glassey, Jarka (Newcastle University); Afraz, Nona (Otto-von-Guericke University); Akse, Henk (Process Intensification Network); Boodhoo, Kamelia V.K. (Newcastle University); Bos, Rene (Universiteit Gent); Cantin, Judith (Polytechnique Montreal); (Emily) Chiang, Yi Wai (University of Guelph); Commenge, Jean Marc (Lorraine University); Dubois, Jean Luc (Corporate R&D); Galli, Federico (Polytechnique Montreal); de Mussy, Jean Paul Gueneau (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven); Harmsen, Jan (Harmsen Consultancy BV); Kalra, Siddharth (Student TU Delft); Keil, Frerich J. (Hamburg University of Technology); Morales-Menendez, Ruben (Tecnologico de Monterrey); Navarro-Brull, Francisco J. (Universitat d'Alacant); Noël, Timothy (Eindhoven University of Technology); Ogden, Kim (University of Arizona); Patience, Gregory S. (Polytechnique Montreal); Reay, David (Newcastle University); Santos, Rafael M. (University of Guelph); Smith-Schoettker, Ashley (RAPID Manufacturing Institute); Stankiewicz, A.I. (TU Delft Intensified Reaction and Separation Systems); van den Berg, Henk (University of Twente); van Gerven, Tom (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven); van Gestel, Jeroen (Universiteit Utrecht); van der Stelt, Michiel (Universiteit Utrecht); van de Ven, Mark (Rijksinstituut voor Volksgezondheid en Milieu (RIVM)); Weber, R. S. (Pacific Northwest National Laboratory)","","2020","Achieving the United Nations sustainable development goals requires industry and society to develop tools and processes that work at all scales, enabling goods delivery, services, and technology to large conglomerates and remote regions. Process Intensification (PI) is a technological advance that promises to deliver means to reach these goals, but higher education has yet to totally embrace the program. Here, we present practical examples on how to better teach the principles of PI in the context of the Bloom’s taxonomy and summarise the current industrial use and the future demands for PI, as a continuation of the topics discussed in Part 1. In the appendices, we provide details on the existing PI courses around the world, as well as teaching activities that are showcased during these courses to aid students’ lifelong learning. The increasing number of successful commercial cases of PI highlight the importance of PI education for both students in academia and industrial staff.","Chemical engineering; Education challenge; Entrepreneurship; Industry challenge; Pedagogy; Process design; Process intensification; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Intensified Reaction and Separation Systems","","",""
"uuid:233bfbd2-586d-429c-bec4-b5469812b563","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:233bfbd2-586d-429c-bec4-b5469812b563","A Serious Game for Changing Mindsets About Loans for Home Retrofitting","Dikken, Olivier (Student TU Delft); Prakash, Kushal (Student TU Delft); Roseboom, Bart (Student TU Delft); Rubio, Ana (Student TU Delft); Østvik, Sander (Student TU Delft); Bueno Perez, M.R. (TU Delft Computer Graphics and Visualisation); Ziliotto Salamon, N. (TU Delft Computer Graphics and Visualisation); Bidarra, Rafael (TU Delft Computer Graphics and Visualisation)","Marfisi-Schottman, Iza (editor); Bellotti, Francesco (editor); Hamon, Ludovic (editor); Klemke, Roland (editor)","2020","Adding energy-saving products to your house can benefit the economy, the environment and your living comfort. However, these products are very costly, and many people cannot afford them using their own savings. There exist several options for funding these projects, but people do not take advantage of such due to lack of information and the common negative view on using external funding. Psychological objections on taking loans include future time perspective, perception of short time rewards and connotation of loans itself. This paper presents a serious game aimed at changing people’s mindset on taking loans to retrofit energy into their homes; Supreme Green Time Machine is a tycoon game in which you can acquire energy-saving products for your home. A main mechanic in the game is the opportunity to take loans to fund the purchase of these upgrades. Combined with other underlying mechanics, such as the time progress and social feedback, the game targets the different psychological objections to long term loans for home retrofitting. From a preliminary evaluation, we conclude that Supreme Green Time Machine effectively succeeds in making players more positive towards using loans to retrofit their homes.","Energy finance; Future time perspective; Home retrofitting; Persuasive games; Serious games; Sustainability","en","conference paper","Springer","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2021-06-02","","","Computer Graphics and Visualisation","","",""
"uuid:d03eb82c-738b-4235-9438-5cff78afa1c9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d03eb82c-738b-4235-9438-5cff78afa1c9","Designing for climate adaptive behaviour change in IJsselmonde, Rotterdam: A research through design project to inform design for transitions","van Selm, Maaike (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mulder, Ingrid (mentor); van der Vorst, Roland (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Our society is facing a major challenge: to combat climate change. This requires transformation into a society that does not emit greenhouse gasses. This is known. However, it is not known, how to realise this transformation. This is experienced by Gemeente Rotterdam, as they are responsible for realising the sustainable transformation of the city, and leads to the question: what can Gemeente Rotterdam do, in addition to their current strategy, to realise the sustainable transformation in IJsselmonde? This project answers the question as following: Gemeente Rotterdam can further develop and organise the design intervention Schoonschip Week in IJsselmonde. The Schoonschip Week is an organised declutter event, with provided declutter facilities. Decluttering is personal relevant to IJsselmonders, as it increases mental health (tidy house, tidy mind). Decluttering is considered to be a reflective activity, in the climate adaptive behaviour category belongings. Reflection on behaviour in a climate adaptive category, is expected to lead to (receptiveness for)climate adaptive behaviour - which is needed to realise the sustainable transformation.
By organising the Schoonschip Week, it can be evaluated if this is indeed the case. If so, this design intervention can also be used (or adapted) for the sustainable transformation of other districts in Rotterdam.
The question of Gemeente Rotterdam, is a question in a sustainable transition context. Creating an answer for this question through a design project, is designing for transitions. This project is carried out with the help of a map and design approach, which are created based on the indicated limitations and recommendations for research for the transition design practice. Both are experienced as valuable within this project. The creation, use and evaluation of the map and design approach, inform the transition design practice how to design for transitions - and contribute to the development of this emerging discipline, that aims to realise sustainable transitions with a design-led approach.
There is a demand for a model that tests the performance of building components to assess the reuse potential of building components at the end-of-life stage. It is about making a decision about the consideration of the use of a new manufactured structural building component or a reused structural building component where the impact on the environment and economy remains limited. The first step to measure the reuse potential factor of the floor component is the reuse analysis in which the quality of the reused component should be determined based on the qualification factors. The qualification factors to be tested are the lifespan performance, technical performance, functional performance, aesthetical performance, and additional performance. The second step is the reuse evaluation where the ‘costs’ of the reused component are calculated based on the quantification factors. The quantification factors are the environmental impact costs and the economic impact costs based on the LCA and LCC tool. The decision support model analyses the relationship between the qualification and quantification factors of the reused hollow-core slab floor component and to compare the outcomes with the factors of a new manufactured hollow-core slab floor component. The qualification factors of the existing floor component are tested to see if they meet the required performance of the new construction project, or if the component must be adjusted. This will influence the ‘costs’ and the reuse potential factor. This model can be a tool that positively contributes to the ambition of the ambition of the Dutch Government about the transition to a circular economy. ","Sustainability; Reusability; Life Cycle Assessment; Life cycle cost; Environmental impact; Economic impact; Circularity; Reuse potential factor; Life cycle; Material cycle; Decision support model; Hollow-core slab floor component; Structural building component","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Building Engineering - Structural Design","",""
"uuid:8a1faba7-9034-4e31-afbd-4b23b63a6cf7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8a1faba7-9034-4e31-afbd-4b23b63a6cf7","Mind the Gap: Het ontwerpen van betaalbare en duurzame woningen voor de gedupeerde van het gat in de woning markt in de naoorlogse wijk Zuidwijk.","van Wijk, Vera (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Calis, C.M. (mentor); van Dorst, M.J. (graduation committee); Tomesen, P.L. (graduation committee); Trienekens, O.G.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","A research on how to design affordable and sustainable housing for those affected by the gap in the housing market. It is getting more and more difficult for certain people to find suitable and affordable housing. They earn too much for social housing, but too little for the private sector or an owner-occupied housing. Especially in the city this group of people is slowly pushed out and sometimes forced to find housing elsewhere. This has a negative effect on the personal and financial growth of this people, but also on the economic, social and sustainable growth of the city itself.
This research has been divided in three parts; [1] The gap in the housing market (the issue and its consequences), [2] the post-war neighbourhood, Zuidwijk (the social-historical context), and [3] sustainability (people, planet, prosperity). The target groups, those affected by the gap in the housing market, play a big role within this research. This is necessary to understand for whom you are designing and what needs to be done to solve the issue; this is part of the social sustainability. Certain questions need to be answered: who are they; what issues do they encounter; what are their living requirements; what can they actually afford?
Design principals, requirements and limitations will follow from each research parts. These may summarise and translate the finding in each chapter and can be used as tools when coming to a design.
The first analysis phase consists of research about the sugar’s source, the context of use, and the sugar’s characteristics. Applying the Material Driven Design method stimulates to not take the granulated, brown Arenga sugar as given, but play with texture, shape and process to find a more suitable way to serve it.
Synthesizing the insights into a Material Experience Vision and Design Criteria leads to a variety of ideas, categorised into 9 design directions. From those, 3 concepts are worked out. The stencil shaker concept makes use of the dark colour of the sugar and puts a surprise illustration, depicting the rainforest’s biodiversity, on the milk foam of the café guest’s drink. The rainforest globe concept is a decorative, round sugar pot from glass, depicting the eco-system of the Arenga tree and the rainforest. The selected concept of the sugar block grater lets the user transform traditional, hard sugar blocks into flakes.
A more specific vision is defined to develop this concept. The metaphor of a opening flower bud describes the desired user experience. The sugar should be perceived as natural and special. It is furthermore desired to let the café guests explore the background story of the sugar and get actively involved in it, feeling curiosity, pleasant surprise and virtuousness.
The final design proposal is a grater made out of bamboo, which is placed on the café’s tables. It is filled with cylindrical sugar blocks with chocolate-like texture. The café guest can grate sugar flakes by rotating the base of the grater. A mechanism turns and pushes the sugar blocks against a knife with two blades, shaving off a layered spiral of flakes.
The sugar comes out at the top of the grater in the shape of a flower. The user can observe the sugar “growing” inside an illustration of the rainforest, which is engraved in the bamboo around. This lets the user experience how the sugar naturally grows inside the biodiverse rainforest in Indonesia, contrary to being cultivated in monoculture plantations. The background story of the sugar is illustrated with engravings on the outside of the greater, showing how the sugar is wild-harvested and processed. The café guests become part of the process by grating their own sugar flakes to sweeten their drinks. This drives a sustainable system of rainforest and local farmers. The sugar is presented as special and natural, in an attractive and novel way.
The concept is tested with a working prototype and evaluated by users and cafés.","Integrated Product Design; Sustainability; Experience; Sugar; Material Driven Design; Food Design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:77650c7b-9a31-40f1-be80-a13ecd9fcb7a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:77650c7b-9a31-40f1-be80-a13ecd9fcb7a","Designing a sustainable high-rise structure: Research into the material environmental impact of the main load-bearing structure of the building for the European Patent Office","Booms, Elise (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Nijsse, Rob (mentor); Terwel, Karel (graduation committee); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Robbemont, Arnold (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This research investigated in which ways the material environmental impact of the main load-bearing structure of a high-rise building can be reduced. To determine this material environmental impact, the shadow price for each material and product has been determined by using ten environmental impact categories. One of these categories is global warming potential.
In this research the material environmental impact of the main load-bearing structure for the building for the European Patent Office has been determined and optimized. The originally designed main load-bearing structure for this building consists mainly of steel columns and beams, and Slimline floors.
The optimisation has been done for a design lifespan of 50 years and for 200 years. Additionally, a higher live load that creates more flexibility for the 200-year scenario is examined. The original function for the building is “office” and the other considered function is “meeting”.
As alternatives for the beams and columns, steel, concrete, and timber elements have been considered. Hollow core slabs and Lignatur floors were explored as alternatives for the Slimline floors.
In this research it has been found that it is beneficial to prolong the design lifespan of building. The environmental impact per year is much lower for a lifespan of 200 years than for a lifespan of 50 years. In order to increase the chance of a longer lifespan, it is wise to create flexibility concerning the function of the building. A higher live load will result in slightly more material needed, but still, the environmental impact per year is much lower than for 50 years.
Additionally, there can be looked at choosing the best material for each application. For a design lifespan of 50 years, the difference between the materials is such small, that no preference can be determined. For a lifespan of 200 years the differences are still small, but an entire steel structure or a combination of steel beams and concrete columns result in the smallest environmental impact. For floors, no matter the lifespan, with a big span and where no in-situ concrete can be used, hollow core slab floors proved to be the best choice.
● Help you reflect on which eudaimonic activities they already partake in
● Get you to connect these actions to the items necessary for them
● Urge you to avoid non-eudaimonic actions and items
Aside from these three principles, some insights on how to best implement each of the principles were found as well. To illustrate how these principles and insights are best put to use, some design examples were developed. Firstly, a time capsule was designed which people can put items they are not sure they need into; during the month that the items are locked away in the capsule, it gets people to reflect upon whether they need the items. Afterwards, people are urged to give away any of the unneeded items. This helps people gain an understanding of what they do and do not need. Aside from this, redesigns to eBay, Bol.com and Climate Activist websites were developed to give some examples of how the findings could be used by other designers.","Design for Happiness; Subjective well-being; Sustainability; Sustainable Consumption; Eudaimonia; Minimalism","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:bb6621df-325c-499c-b77f-27c56d69dc6a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bb6621df-325c-499c-b77f-27c56d69dc6a","Mechanically Storing Renewable Energy at a Residential Scale","Lorist, Stefan (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Flipsen, Bas (mentor); Thomassen, Erik (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Today, more and more households are generating their own solar power. This helps us to come closer to a circular economy, since less fossil fuels are required to meet our energy needs. However, excessively generated energy is often wasted, since transporting or storing it for later use is challenging. Lithium ion batteries provide a solution, however their short lifespan and environmental problems that are caused during production make them far from green.
A mechanical storage system was proposed, minimizing the environmental problems of Li-ion while providing the household with a storage solution for excessively generated solar energy. After exploring multiple energy storage methods and analyzing their potential suitability to residential energy supply & demand, Flywheel Energy Storage was chosen as the applied storage technology due to its high energy density and mainly mechanical components.
ScriptEssential calculations were extended into a full simulation script, used to analyze different scenarios of use. It is capable of the following:• Confirming chosen rotor dimensions• Determining required rotational speed• Characterization of rotor losses & spin-down times • Characterization of torque losses• Reading supply/demand data from external source • Visualizing 24h supply/demand/storage profilePrototypeThe script was partially validated using a functional model and performing tests concerning spin-down times with two different rotors and vacuum levels.LEFtAs a final deliverable, a full mechanical storage system was designed. LEFt, which stands for Leftover Energy Flywheel technology, is a mechanical battery that stores an excess of residential solar power in the form of kinetic energy by spinning a flywheel in a vacuum. It comes in three main form factors; Flat, Slender and Extra Slender. These types all suit different scenarios and therefore different households. LEFt was designed using a subsystem approach to cope with all co-dependent aspects of the system.The most essential part, the flywheel rotor, was dimensioned according to the script.RotorDifferent versions of LEFt include differently dimensioned rotors. A large height over radius ratio makes LEFt suitable for short term storage. It can be applied to store electricity that is generated during the afternoon for evening use.Changing the application and storage limit result in different configurations and dimensions. A rotor with a small height over radius ratio can be suitable for longer term storage. A setup with a certain supply & demand makes this type potentially capable of 24h storage and might allow off-the-grid living in the future.SuspensionThe flywheel rotor is suspended nearly frictionless in the vacuum, by levitating it using a magnetic bearing system.The main vertical thrust is supplied by a Halbach Array of passive magnets, whereas radial displacement is corrected by two Active Magnetic Bearings that are handled by an advanced control system.Motor/GeneratorDriving the rotor and regenerating electricity is done by one machine; an electric motor that is positioned outside the vacuum. Using a single phase motor allows easy installation without the need for a transformer.Magnetic couplerTo drive the rotor from outside the vacuum, a magnetic coupler was designed, making use of two discs with a pattern of passive magnets. A control system allows smart coupling and decoupling, resulting in a freely spinning rotor in idle situations.Vacuum housingEnclosing the flywheel rotor is done by a depressurized housing.This has proven to reduce resistances, increasing storage times and therefore the applicability to longer term storage.Market implementationSelling LEFt is done best by a lease plan, in collaboration with solar panel suppliers. The full retail price of over €10,000 will be too high for a one-time investment.Sustainability assessmentThe environmental impact of the design is done by comparing it to a competing lithium ion battery. The results of an Eco Audit show that the impact of LEFt is lower, but still significant because of the large amounts of steel that are needed. ConclusionA conceptual design for a flywheel energy storage system was proposed and partially validated. It was concluded to be a better alternative for lithium ion batteries in residential energy storage, since it minimizes social and environmental problems. Further development and extensive analysis is required to fully validate and make the design ready for production.","Sustainability; Energy Storage; energy storage system; flywheel; residential; solar power; off-grid; mechanical storage; household energy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:26572c35-ef68-4df9-8c57-7e424cb49354","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26572c35-ef68-4df9-8c57-7e424cb49354","Fruit and vegetable packaging solution: A reusable and convenient packaging solution, for fresh fruits and vegetables","Blaak, Nathan (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Balkenende, A.R. (mentor); Sypesteyn, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This thesis started with the question of ‘’What is the necessity of all packaging in food products?’’. The problem of packaging waste is undeniable, an example of the cause of packing to the environment is the ‘’plastic soup’’. Plastic packaging degrades over time, which produces microplastics. Microplastics accumulate in the environment and nowadays traces of it can be found everywhere. To counter the accumulation of microplastics, less leakage of plastic waste should be achieved. This could be done by selling less single-use packaging and sorting waste better. A contribution to a solution for the packaging waste problem is performed in this project, by making a reusable packaging solution for the fresh fruits and vegetable sector. The designed packaging should be convenient for the consumer, which is why was set that the packaging solution should maintain or improve the consumer packaging experiences with reusable packaging.
The current fruit and vegetable packaging were benchmarked on functions and features, but analyzing all fruits and vegetables and their packaging was too big of scope for this project. This is why a decision process was performed on the shelf life of fruits and vegetables. The mushroom had the shortest shelf life and was therefore analysed. The mushroom is a vulnerable vegetable and is sensitive to humidity levels, pressures and carbon dioxide levels. The found mushroom packaging had features like strengthening structures for the protection of the mushrooms, and airholes for humidity levels and carbon dioxide concentrations. In interviews about the conventional blue mushroom packaging, it was discovered that consumers have a preference for transparent packaging. Also, it was discovered that with reusable packaging information that is normally printed or stuck on the packaging needs to be communicated in another way. From consumer research was retrieved that consumers lack knowledge about packaging features and production processes of fruits and vegetables. Also, consumers find the opening, closing and resealing of packaging the most important conveniences. The thresholds values of the consumer with using reusable packaging, retrieved from consumer research were the skill in filling of the packaging and no room for storage of reusable packaging.
To support the consumer in reusable fresh fruit and vegetable grocery shopping, ‘’the grocery tree’’ was designed. The grocery tree is a combined grocery bag and packaging that can hold eight packaging, which can differ in size and can be taken from the grocery tree at every time. The packaging is designed to support the consumer in the filling process of fruits and vegetables, by making packaging with instructions in the shape of use-cues and two predesigned ways of holding it. The consumer is supported in the supermarket with an app on the smartphone, which is interactive with the designed scales at the supermarkets. At home, the packaging can be used to store the fruits and vegetables, and the remaining of the grocery tree can easily be disassembled for convenience in storing.
The grocery tree is designed to eliminate single-use fruit and vegetable packaging. The grocery tree is reusable but needs the dedication of the consumer to use the product. The grocery tree has gone through optimization steps, but can be further optimized in shape, convenience and amount of material. This to save cost and to support the consumer more in fruit and vegetable shopping with a reusable packaging solution.
The innovation strategy was constructed by executing a considerable amount of internal and external analyses. The resulting insights established the foundation of a future vision for corporate car sharing in 2025. This future vision describes what needs to be achieved by the innovation strategy, in order for Greenwheels to develop a future proof corporate car sharing service. The future vision is defined as: ""Realising a personalised, zero emission, corporate car sharing service, with a motivated and knowledgeable community of users."" In order for Greenwheels to achieve this future vision, three design solutions were developed. These design solutions will be implemented at different points in time, building onto each other and thereby creating valuable synergies. The proposed solutions are: Experience Workshop: An interactive workshop day for new users, offered as an additional service to corporate clients. Unity platform: An online car sharing platform based on gamification and online learning in order to train and motivate the end-users over a longer period of time. Smart Shared Fleet: Optimising the shared car fleet by utilising bi-directional charging technology, connected car technology and personalisation of the car sharing service. The implementation of these solutions is presented in the form of a tactical roadmap. This roadmap provides an actionable step-by-step approach for moving towards the desired future vision of 2025. It does so by presenting a comprehensive overview of the main value propositions, the value created for different stakeholders, the features of the design solutions, the required technology and data streams, the corresponding revenue streams and the internal and external resources that are needed. Additionally, one of the design solutions was further conceptualised in order to showcase a tangible example. The next steps for Greenwheels include: estimating the total market demand more accurately, creating validated revenue models, establishing new partnerships and further refining the design solutions through extensive user-testing.","Innovation Strategy; Greenwheels; Car sharing; Consumer behaviour; Sustainability; Product Service System","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:6bdb4827-82f5-43c7-aba9-79c0db9e6ef5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6bdb4827-82f5-43c7-aba9-79c0db9e6ef5","Accelerating circularity in Built-environment through ""Active-procurement"": An aggregated assessment framework to make sustainable choices while using secondary material at early design phase","Gupta, Ankur (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Klein, Tillmann (mentor); Russell, Peter (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In Europe, 1/3rd of all the products reaching recycling facilities can be sold as secondary materials, and this can be a high-quality replacement for low-quality new products. Circular Material Use rate shows how much material demand was catered by reused or recycled content. The Netherlands was estimated at 29% in 2016 is the highest among all other member states and more than twice of Europe’s average. The Netherlands has now set up the goal to become 100% circular by 2050. Principles of circularity aim at lowering the environmental impacts and halve the emissions by 2030 and carbon neutral by 2050, according to the Paris Agreement. However, even though high circularity rates in the Netherlands, 12.2 tonnes per capita of greenhouse gases were released in 2016, which is 3.5 tonnes higher than the EU average. In transitioning to a circular built environment, the most crucial challenge is to keep all materials in a closed loop in a way that proves lower environmental impact compared to extracting a virgin equivalent. In current practice, building materials are procured at the end of a design phase, which results in minimum use of secondary stock and maximum extraction of virgin material to fit “circular” designs. Since buildings are designed for longer lifespans, this virgin material returns as secondary much later and do not reflect in the indicator defined by the EU. The main question is what information is needed by a designer or engineer in procuring secondary materials and when & how it can be best provided to them. This research gives an Assessment Framework to assess parameters such as the circular flow of materials,embodied CO2, cost and technical performance while designing.It is composed of five significant interfaces - material database, material explorer, assessment dashboard, digital design and a visual script toassess various parameters such as MCI, embodied CO2, distance from the project site, cost, U-value, Thermal conductivity, Density and other labels in 3D.The framework provides a Preliminary and Advanced assessment of different parameters. The only difference is that Advanced assessment takes into account is the disassembly potential of various components at a system level and determines whether they can be reused or have to be demolished at EOL. Demolition would mean a product reach EOL sooner, which result in higher embodied CO2. Hence, allowing design/engineering optimization. Other instance, where a component reaches EOL before its surrounding product, replacement of that component should not result in the demolition of others.","Circular economy; LCA; Environmental impacts; Adaptive reuse; Sustainability; circularity assessment","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology","",""
"uuid:446b819e-293a-4a5f-af5c-6e41463a2ec2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:446b819e-293a-4a5f-af5c-6e41463a2ec2","'Desigrated': Desiccant Integrated Facade System","Suwannapruk, Natchai (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Prieto Hoces, Alejandro (mentor); Janssen, Christien (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Desigrate’ is designed to serve as a façade component of office buildings. Therefore, the building technology aspect of climate, façade detailing, and façade assembly is thoroughly discussed, optimized and evaluated to provide a product which acts efficiently as a cooling system and enhances the insulation of the building. Hence serving as a cooling strategy both actively and passively. Furthermore, as the façade system is specifically designed for the hot and humid climate of Bangkok, both climate and cultural context are crucial aspects in designing the system. The design concept of the façade system is based on a vernacular approach to enhance the cultural value of the product which aims to reflects the “Thainess” identity to the built environment.","Facade; Sustainability; Desiccant Cooling; M-Cycle System; Tropical Climate; Evaporative Cooling; Low-ex Cooling; Dew point Evaporative Cooling; Decentralized Ventilation System; Bangkok; Thailand","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2020-07-09","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","COOL Facade","13.742067, 100.551133"
"uuid:764dc038-ead0-41ea-9803-7549ec7021a6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:764dc038-ead0-41ea-9803-7549ec7021a6","Climate adaptation concept on a stadium: The new Feyenoord Stadium","Mori, Sofia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van den Dobbelsteen, Andy (mentor); Bergsma, Arie (graduation committee); Guo, Xiao (graduation committee); Verbaan, Gertjan (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The practice of almost any sport requires friendly and comfortable environmental conditions, cool temperatures and medium humidity levels, as well as satisfactory lighting and ventilation performance (Torsing et al., 2016). The complex challenge of designing sport infrastructure is likely to become even bigger in the expected future warmer scenario. This research focuses on the development of a climate adaptation concept for the new Feyenoord Stadium, with the goal to make it adaptable to the future climate scenario, characterized by global warming, which will lead to an increase in temperatures and heat waves. The focus of the design is mainly on the integration of passive strategies to cool down the stadium and control the indoor temperature to guarantee proper livability to users, thus reducing the need for active cooling. The research explores mainly possibilities for the design of the envelope, which represents the connection between the stadium and its surroundings. A proper design of the envelope would bring benefits both to the stadium itself and the outdoor environment, by mitigating the urban heat island effect. Indeed, the main question of this research is “how can the envelope of a large-scale stadium be designed to integrate passive strategies to provide cooling in a future warmer scenario and guarantee a comfortable micro-climate to users, while reducing the UHI in the surroundings?” Based on the literature review, different strategies were explored, and those more likely to make the Stadium adaptable to the climate of Rotterdam have been selected and analyzed in detail to be integrated into the new design. Through means of calculations and simulations, outcomes were obtained, which show that with a proper design of the envelope and some areas of the stadium, it is possible to control the indoor temperature to avoid overheating, guarantee comfort to users, and reduce the cooling demand of the building. The ultimate goal of this research is to give guidelines for a replicable design approach to be applied to stadiums around the world to deal with local climate potentials and hazards, and rely on the resources offered by the surroundings.","Stadium; Climate change; Sustainability; Climate design; Passive design; Natural ventilation; Daylight; Shading; Evaporative cooling; Energy production; Urban heat island effect","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2020-07-09","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","51.8939035, 4.5231354"
"uuid:8cd30659-7b79-44d0-8e4c-12b7758b943d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8cd30659-7b79-44d0-8e4c-12b7758b943d","Suburban Metabolism: Growth and Sustainability in the Greater Toronto Area","Blom, Michelle (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wandl, Alex (mentor); Stead, D. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The issue of suburban sprawl in the Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area (GTA) has been increasing the pressures of land consumption, infrastructure development, resource consumption, and population growth over the past 50 years. The same can be said for many peripheral regions of Canada’s urban areas. In 2011, two thirds of the population of Canada lived in some form of suburban neighbourhood, and for the GTA a larger percentage of 86%. Though this growth continues, the vast expansions of automobile-dependent neighbourhoods have shown to have prolonged effects on resource consumption, carbon emissions, ecosystem devastation, declining health rates, social segregation, and the destruction of available agricultural land in Ontario. Yet these problems are not new. Neither are the solutions. Suburbs have been the centre of angst for many contemporary urban planners in North America for over thirty years. This has been the motivation for theories such as New Urbanism, Smart Growth, and Sustainable Development, three ideologies which have already been integrated into Provincial and Municipal Policies in Ontario. Most of which are focused on general themes of traditional aesthetics and densities of suburban development and most of which have failed to change the form of suburban development in Ontario. In order to explore these issues, this project looked at the current consumption data through ecological footprint analysis. The largest contributors to consumption included housing (energy), mobility, food, and threats to ecosystem services. In order to explore sustainability in the region, these themes were broken down into indicators which would analyse the growth patterns of the city. In order to compare these findings to current and future growth, growth typologies were created and ranked on performance through the process. Based on the performance conclusions, strategies, scenarios, and future recommendations were developed for future growth planning in the region.","Urbanism; Suburban; Spawl; Urban Metabolism; Sustainability; Urban Growth; Urban Expansion; Toronto; Canada; North America","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:6ec04830-fe67-4494-bca1-9b0c03bc607d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6ec04830-fe67-4494-bca1-9b0c03bc607d","Transition of the mixed plastic household waste value chain: Almere as case in a multi-level analysis on innovation in the niche of recycling mixed plastics","van Dijken, Tim (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Bakker, Maarten (mentor); Quist, Jaco (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Packaging plastics account for the majority of the household waste plastics. These plastics can be divided into a number of types of plastics, namely PET, HDPE, LDPE, PP, PS, EPS and others. However, many plastic packages consist of different types of plastics and are often contaminated, therefore these plastics end up in the mixed plastics. While monostreams of plastic waste still have a certain value the mixed plastics are worthless and accumulating. With an ever-increasing amount of mixed plastic waste, it is very important to recycle these plastics too. The EU, the Dutch government and municipalities in the Netherlands all have their sustainability goals. Almere as a municipality in the Netherlands wants to create their own mixed plastic household waste (MPHW) value chain to reduce their total amount of residual waste per citizen.
The aim of this research is to find out how the municipality of Almere can encourage local recycling of MPHW. The research question of this research is therefore: What are opportunities to stimulate the niche of mixed plastic household waste recycling, in the municipality of Almere, and how can this be organized?
To answer the research question there is made an overview of the plastic waste recycling infrastructure in the Netherlands and interviews are held with the municipality of Almere and with companies that are active in the recycling of MPHW. To be able to analyze the developments a theoretical framework has been designed which is based on the multi-level perspective, strategic niche management and business model innovation.
The results show that municipalities in the Netherlands, such as Almere, have gained more control over their own waste processing. Almere can stimulate developments in the local niche for recycling MPHW by creating the right conditions such as a guaranteed supply of MPHW and demand for products made from these plastics. Technological innovations in the recycling of mixed plastics can be conducive to the success of the niche when Almere brings the various players together. Successful development of the local MPHW niche in Almere can stimulate other municipalities to follow their example.
In the prospect of sustainable port development, Ethiopia is an interesting country to study because of its rapid and relatively stable economic growth since 2005 and its low logistics performance. This study is built around a dry port expansion project in Ethiopia, for which a 150 million USD loan from the World Bank recently became available. Modjo Dry Port (MDP) is located close to the capital of Ethiopia and its largest production and consumption areas. Before acting directly, the sustainability of the alternatives according to different stakeholders, should be considered. Incorporating sustainable development in the project in general is a significant challenge. This leads to the formulation of a research question. How to evaluate strategic alternatives for sustainable expansion of Modjo Dry Port? This study describes a method on how to develop a number of distinct alternatives, and proposes a framework for the evaluation of sustainable dry port expansion. Such an evaluation tool for the dry port site specifically, does not yet exist. The framework is tested for MDP in Ethiopia.
For the development of the alternatives of MDP, two overarching themes at the dry port were identified: operations are inefficient with dwell time of 50 to 60 days on average, and no diversification of cargo. Based on these themes three alternatives for MDP are defined. For the sustainable evaluation of Modjo Dry Port the Multi-Criteria-Multi-Actor analysis (MAMCA) is used because it explicitly incorporates stakeholder incentives in a more traditional multi-decision criteria analysis (MCDA). The MAMCA consists of seven steps.
Step 1 and 2: Four stakeholder groups for MDP are defined: internal, community, public policy makers and private companies. For the 3rd and 4th step, a framework for evaluation is constructed, based on literature and stakeholders’ input. The criteria are categorised based on the three pillars of sustainability: social, environmental and economic development. In step 5 the weights for the criteria of the evaluation framework are determined by stakeholders. In the last steps of the MAMCA the proposed alternatives were scored against the current layout of MDP for all criteria in the evaluation framework. The final output is a multi-actor view on scoring the alternatives.
Dry ports closer to Addis Ababa are a suitable alternative for MDP. Stakeholder participation is an important part of the study, however, it proved difficult to integrate a sufficient number of stakeholder responses in the analysis.
For MDP specifically, stakeholder groups showed similar interest, and the preference for different alternatives is equal amongst the groups. Analysis shows that the alternatives improving operation efficiency score markedly higher on sustainability.","Dry port expansion; Alternative selection; Sustainability; Ethiopia; Evaluation framework; Modjo Dry Port","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:87a2445d-64ca-4ba1-8923-a5a9940f7175","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:87a2445d-64ca-4ba1-8923-a5a9940f7175","Intrinsic transitions: A strategy for housing corporations to facilitate sustainability in neigbhorhoods","van Terwisga, Eline (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Mugge, Ruth (mentor); Baha, Ehsan (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This graduation project investigates the stimulation of sustainable behaviour among residents from a housing corporation in Eindhoven, Wooninc., and proposes a program for grassroots infrastructure as a way to support sustainable transitions in neighborhoods.As a partner of the “Duurzaamheidspact Eindhoven” housing corporation Wooninc. formulated the ambition to be more sustainable (Theeuwen, 2018). In order to do so, they not only want to improve their core business but also wants to engage their residents with a more sustainable lifestyle. They adopted the method of ‘De Verborgen Impact’ which includes a train-the-trainer process that trains leading residents, so-called peers, to motivate their fellow residents for a (more) sustainable lifestyle. This led to the key objective for this project: “Design a fitting intervention that peers can use to motivate residents of Wooninc., so that they feel activated to make their lifestyles (more) sustainable.”ApproachBy exploring the design brief and using the designers’ Personal Principles for Good Design the Transition Design method was chosen as the main driver for this design process to understand the project within a broader system context. In addition, the 1:10:100 scheduling technique was applied to allow rapid iterations and to create a concept that is successful and supported by each of the stakeholders. Research & findingsBy conducting four iterative cycles insight in behavioural change was gained from literature and interviews. This resulted in insight in how to reverse internal and external barriers into levers that can be used to support residents in the transition towards a more sustainable lifestyle. This led to the development of the ‘Sustainable Transition’- framework. Which incorporates relevant theories found in literature and maps seven leverage points to inspire for transition towards sustainable behaviour. Based on this framework concept development happened iterative from preliminary vision to the final concept of ‘Onze Verborgen Impact’ Transition Program and Transition Toolkit. The ‘Sustainable Transition’ - framework indicates that to engage residents, as well as peers on their intrinsic motivation all the dimensions of a personal transition should be supported including: motivation and ability, personal values and their position in the process of change. Based on this framework a vision for the final concept was developed: “Making sustainability transparent and accessible (lower the external barriers) by emphasizing the positive side and the advantages of sustainable behaviour (reversing internal barriers). To show that sustainability, in different ways, is accessible for everyone.” The ‘Onze Verborgen Impact’ Transition ProgramTesting prototypes with peers and residents, showed that this concept should not predefine how the peers encounter their fellow residents in their neighborhoods but should enable peers to create their personal approach. This led to the final concept, a transition program called ‘Onze Verborgen Impact’. This program exists out of different elements: - Train: training of the peers by experts- Create: supported by experts peers create their personal approach with which they want to involve residents- Join: residents can participate in the local initiatives set-up by the peers and explore sustainability in their own phase. - Impact: the structure of the program makes it possible to bring new ideas that are generated for improving sustainability at neighborhood level to a higher level - Transition Toolkit: a toolkit with instruments to support the above-mentioned elements such as: three training templates, different recruitment materials and a ‘Mijn Verborgen Impact’ - booklet to support peers and residents in their personal sustainability journey. The final concept taps into the intrinsic motivation of peers by recognizing their personal ideas and creates favourable neighborhood initiatives where residents can experience and discover the benefits of sustainability in their own pace.","Intrinsic transition; Sustainability; Behaviour change","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:bf0d3c09-5b31-403e-af75-daf9c1fb2b96","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf0d3c09-5b31-403e-af75-daf9c1fb2b96","Elephants in the Boardroom?: Sustainable values-based strategic decision-making in a Dutch housing association","Hoomans, S. (TU Delft Housing Management)","Gruis, V.H. (promotor); Remøy, H.T. (copromotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The central research question in this study is: Which meaning is given to sustainability within a Dutch housing association and does making sense of the concept of sustainability lead to sustainable strategic choices? The chosen research strategy is a longitudinal case study in the Dutch housing association Welbions. Data was collected in three periods between 2009 and 2018. Welbions associates sustainability mainly with the financial position, costs and affordability, and interprets the concept as investment measures in energy savings, reducing the usage of gas and CO2-emissions which are aimed at in covenants. From the listed factors influencing strategic decision-making, the economic, technical and personal frames appeared to be used mostly. The organizational and ethical frame were used only once, and the aesthetic frame was not used at all. Noteworthy is that ecological developments were not mentioned. Frames derived from the decision criteria showed a dominating economic frame. Making sense of sustainability does not result in sustainability-based actions, or choice. This indicates that sustainable values have not gained a position in strategic decision-making, compared to traditional values such as cost-efficiency and affordability.","Sustainability; Sensemaking; Strategic decision making; housing association","en","doctoral thesis","","978-94-028-1429-3","","","","","","","","","Housing Management","","",""
"uuid:cbfaa96b-29b2-4c55-8020-03d66bcc07a3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cbfaa96b-29b2-4c55-8020-03d66bcc07a3","Developing a conceptual model on strategies overcoming barriers for the introduction of radical innovations in niches","Schulz, Jara (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Kamp, L.M. (mentor); Ortt, J.R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2019","Radical innovation is widely acknowledged as important for companies aiming to contribute to sustainable development while maintaining and improving their competitive advantage. However, the diffusion and development process of radical innovations is described as uncertain and long-winded due to barriers raised within the socio-technical system. This system is a linked network of technological aspects, actors and institutions in which the process of development and diffusion of the radical innovation evolves. In order to overcome barriers within this system, companies can adopt a niche strategy, which enables the creation of a market despite these barriers. In these niche markets the radical innovation is able to develop until it reaches maturity and can survive in the mainstream market. Ortt & Kamp (2019) developed a barrier framework including seven core factors and seven influential factors representing the components of the social-technical system of a radical innovation. The core factors represent the market characteristics; it is assumed that if one of these core factors is absent, large-scale diffusion is obstructed. The influencing factors describe the underlying problems causing the absence. The first objective of this is research was to link niche strategies to barriers comprised of one influencing and one core factor as described in the barrier framework. The second objective of this research was to develop evaluation criteria that companies can use to define the most suitable niche strategy for their particular situation. In order to reach these objectives, a multi-method approach was taken in which three different methods were applied in three different research steps. In the first research step a conceptual model including the linkages between niche strategies and barriers was developed by means of logical reasoning. Furthermore, a list of evaluation criteria was proposed. The credibility of the proposed conceptual model and the proposed evaluation criteria was subsequently assessed in the second research step, a literature review, and the third research step, two primary case studies. The aim of these steps was to improve and refine the conceptual model and evaluation criteria using pattern matching and cross-case analysis. If proposed relationships could be confirmed by literature and/or empirical evidence, the relationships were found appropriate. This thesis research made a first attempt to link niche strategies formally to the barrier framework developed by Ortt & Kamp (2019). In total, 157 linkages were found. Furthermore, the research adds a list of 28 niche strategies that extend the currently described amount of niche strategies in literature, including both the innovation phase and market adaptation phase; it adds a categorisation of the niche strategies; and it adds a list of evaluation criteria. The outcome of the research can help companies to develop a comprehensive decision-making process focused on defining a suitable strategy to overcome the experienced barrier, or the model can be used to define a niche strategy. The evaluation criteria can be used to assess the suitability of strategies in its’ particular situation.","Innovation; Niches; Strategies; Barriers; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:d217d248-2fea-45b6-9654-05b216bf3838","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d217d248-2fea-45b6-9654-05b216bf3838","Viability Study of Sustainable Shore Side Electricity for Container Vessels in the Port of Rotterdam","van Lieshout, Anniek (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Ravesteijn, W. (mentor); Kamp, L.M. (mentor); van de Poel, I.R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Ship emissions, from diesel, will cause an estimated 60 thousand people to die prematurely per year from emission related diseases such as, respiratory problems, cancer, high blood pressure and heart failure (Corbett, et al. (2007) has estimated that globally 60 thousand people will die prematurely because of (container) vessel emissions each year, especially people near shipping routes. To reduce the impact of these container vessels on public health an alternative sustainable energy sources needs to be developed. Thus, the port of Rotterdam needs to innovate.
In the development of the port area not all relevant stakeholder’s values are included in the decision process, this may lead to public resistance which impedes the development process. An example is the development of the Maasvlakte II, where public resistance impeded the development.
The aim of this report is to determine which technology, and which options for these technologies, are suitable and promising for the port of Rotterdam, hereby including public values to prevent adverse effects.
To determine which technical variant of the two trends, Shore Side Electricity and LNG, an MCA and scenarios were performed. The two technical options were determined by a desk research and interviews. The decision criteria were deducted from relevant stakeholders, by a document analysis.
The technical options that were obtained and compared in this report are a grid connected SSE option with off-shore wind power, and a containerised LNG PowerPac®. The SSE option prevails because it meets the decision criteria the best in the current situation and prevails in half of the scenarios. However, the port may implement an other option, because of practical issues or scenarios which were not included in this report
To get more information on unreinforced concrete structures, a literature study is done, focused on old Roman structures made out of Roman concrete. Besides historic concrete, research is also done on modern concrete and its capacity.
The new bridge is designed for the ""Hoofdvaart"", a canal in the polder called, ""Haarlemmermeer"". The design consists of three arches are connecting the two abutments and two piers. In the connection of two arches, above the piers, so called flood openings are placed. Romans used flood openings to let water pass, but in this case they are used for the reduction of weight. Wooden piles form the foundation to the stiffer sand layers. Calculation of the design is done in a few steps. Firstly, the original design, as explained above, is calculated. Results show stresses, that are more than 7 times higher than the capacity of the concrete. The biggest contribution to the stresses are coming from self-weight and load model 1. Load model 1 is a heavy vehicle placed at the most unfavourable position of the bridge. Lowering self-weight is an option, but load model 1 has fixed values, so they cannot be lowered. Next, six optimizations are designed and calculated to create a structure that should fulfil the requirements. It turns out that the structure still exceeding the capacity by approximately 28%. After these optimizations can be concluded that for the given location, this design is not totally satisfying. To find out what contribution soil has to the structure, a few extra calculations are done for the last optimization. Based on overall calculations, the conclusion is that the top soil layers of the ""Haarlemmermeer"" are not capable of generating enough horizontal support for the unreinforced bridge. To finalize the design, a cost analysis and Life Cycle Analysis, LCA, are made. In both analysis a comparison is made between the new design and a reinforced bridge over the ""Hoofdvaart"" in ""Nieuw-Vennep"". The cost analysis show a difference of approximately ""170.000,- in advantage of the new design. Especially the material costs of steel and pre-cast elements in the existing bridge, contribute to this difference. So an unreinforced structure has less labour and less material costs, compared to a reinforced structure. Of course this difference is also depending on the type of structure and the design. The LCA shows around 30% less carbon emission for the new unreinforced bridge, compared to the existing reinforced bridge. Especially material use and demolition contribute to this decrease. This shows that an unreinforced structure is 30 to 40% more sustainable than a reinforced structure.
How can the architecture of a residential building create an active way for people to get involved in the food system again? In order to answer this question research studies have been made, including literature studies, plan analyses and site analysis. When people who share the same interest and fascination about food awareness will live at the same residential building or in the same neighborhood, they can share their knowledge and build up an sustainable urban environment with a sustainable food system. Due to this people can relate much better to their food.","Dutch Housing; Amsterdam; Food Production; Wintergardens; Vegetable gardens; Urban farming; Sustainability; Food awareness","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Dwelling","","52.3604, 4.89957000000004"
"uuid:35fc0e18-bba3-4478-9f1b-9e915a2b9c4f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:35fc0e18-bba3-4478-9f1b-9e915a2b9c4f","Sustainability assessment of Mediterranean container terminals: Piraeus and Livorno case studies: Recommendations for the extension of the Port of the Future Serious Game","Sotiriadou, Alexia (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","van Koningsveld, Mark (mentor); Slingenberg, A. (mentor); Taneja, Poonam (graduation committee); de Gijt, Jarit (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The largest part of the European ports are engaged into addressing proactively environmental and societal issues in order to achieve an always more sustainable development. However, there are several sources that indicate that gaps and barriers exist which impede the sustainable development of many Mediterranean ports. In order to deal with the problems that are identified in ports and specifically in container terminals, which are closely related to their sustainable performance, a framework is developed. The creation of the Port Sustainability Assessment Framework (PSAF) allows the comparison of the current state of terminals with the desired state based on specific sustainability themes and consequently, evaluates their performance. Port sustainability is also approached by means of stakeholders' views and insights, throughout a questionnaire. The application of the framework in the case studies of Piraeus and Livorno, two container terminals of different sizes and challenges but both located in the Mediterranean area, proves that the concept of sustainability in the two container terminal case studies has not yet been embedded in the planning and operational phase as their sustainable performance is low. Another aspect that this master thesis addresses is the need to extend the Port of the Future Serious Game (PoFSG) in order to include in a realistic way port-city future developments and their potential impacts on the environment and the society, as well as to facilitate stakeholder engagement. Based on the results of the sustainability assessment, several weaknesses of the PoFSG are identified and tools are developed which can be useful for extending the PoFSG. The focus is mostly drawn upon two specific aspects: the scoring system of the measures' performance on “People, Planet and Profit” and the inclusion of relevant sustainability measures. Additionally, more general recommendations are made for the other aspects of the PoFSG.","Sustainability; Sustainable Port Development; greenports; Container terminal; Stakeholder engagement; Port of the Future Serious Game; Mediterranean Sea; assessment framework","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2020-01-17","","","","","",""
"uuid:30808d78-6129-41a6-8f5e-788d6af0cef4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:30808d78-6129-41a6-8f5e-788d6af0cef4","Assessment Method for Spatial Planning and Infrastructure Development","Kiel, Jan (Panteia); Taale, Henk (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","","2019","In Europe, different road authorities have to face the ever increasing pressure to integrate their road network service provision with - often conflicting - different trends and conditions such as congestion, climate change, individualism, urbanization, safety, environmental issues and economic growth. There is also a need to cooperate with different stakeholders, such as interest groups, municipalities, industries, citizens and governments at different levels. Therefore, road authorities are seeking for innovative approaches to collaborate with these stakeholders concerning spatial and infrastructure planning. To assess the integrated spatial and infrastructure development, the Dutch National Road Authority Rijkswaterstaat has developed a method that analyses the added value of integrated designs and plans to clarify the societal relevance of collaborative planning. The method is a combined approach for multi-modal infrastructure and spatial development, called the ‘Assessment Method for Spatial Planning and Infrastructure Development’ (AMSPID). In ten steps the method uniformly and integrally takes into account different kinds of measures, including those which impacts cannot be monetized or quantified. AMSPID comprises an assessment tool which is combined with a digital workshop. With the tool and the workshop all stakeholders can share their view on the different infrastructure or spatial projects or measures and can give their scores on the different relevant aspects. This makes it a valuable addition to the normal planning process and it speeds up the policy making process. Furthermore, when used carefully, the combination is very powerful in drafting new policy measures or creating a new transport policy program.","Digital Workshop; Sustainability; Safety; Accessibility; Policy Goals; Assessment","en","conference paper","Transportation Research Board (TRB)","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:6d1a02b4-0980-4d0c-85df-7c80b220f61c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6d1a02b4-0980-4d0c-85df-7c80b220f61c","Virtual water flow and water footprint assessment of an arid region: A case study of South Khorasan province, Iran","Qasemipour, Ehsan (Ferdowsi University of Mashhad); Abbasi, A. (TU Delft Water Resources; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad)","","2019","Water challenges-especially in developing countries-are set to be strained by population explosion, growing technology, climate change and a shift in consumption pattern toward more water-intensive products. In these situations, water transfer in virtual form can play an important role in alleviating the pressure exerted on the limited water resources-especially in arid and semi-arid regions. This study aims to quantify the 10-year average of virtual water trade and the water footprint within South Khorasan-the third largest province in Iran-for both crops and livestock products. The virtual water content of 37 crops and five livestock is first estimated and the water footprint of each county is consequently measured using a top-down approach. The sustainability of the current agricultural productions is then assessed using the water scarcity (WS) indicator. Results of the study show that in spite of the aridity of the study area, eight out of 11 counties are net virtual water exporters. Birjand-the most populous county-is a net virtual water importer. The 10-year average water footprint of the region is measured as 2.341 Gm3 per year, which accounts for 2.28% of national water footprint. The region's average per capita water footprint however, with 3486 m3, is 115% higher than the national ones. Crop production and livestock production are responsible for 82.16% and 17.84% of the total water footprint. The current intensive agricultural practices in such an arid region have resulted in a water scarcity of 206%-which is far beyond the sustainability criteria. This study gives the water authorities and decision-makers of the region a picture of how and where local water resources are used through the food trade network. The generated information can be applied by the regional policymakers to establish effective and applicable approaches to alleviate water scarcity, guarantee sustainable use of water supplies, and provide food security.","Agricultural products; South Khorasan; Sustainability; Virtual water flows; Water footprint","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Water Resources","","",""
"uuid:9a7ce722-20c0-49e7-a39b-cc15aa86c3e5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9a7ce722-20c0-49e7-a39b-cc15aa86c3e5","The coral engine: The way for local communities to sustainably produce corals for Reef Rehabilitation at a large scale","Ter Hofstede, R. (Van Oord Dredging and Marine Contractors B.V.); Elzinga, J. (Van Oord Dredging and Marine Contractors B.V.); Carr, H. (Perry Institute for Marine Science); van Koningsveld, M (TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk)","","2019","Traditionally, marine infrastructure development is regarded to have a negative impact on the ecosystem in or near which it occurs. As a consequence, a whole industry has been treated as a threat and the ingenuity of companies in this industry was forced to focus on minimizing potential negative impacts. Recent trends are to also consider potential positive spin-offs, by including nature-based components in the designs. In this context, Dutch dredging and marine contractor, Van Oord, launched its Coral Rehabilitation Initiative in 2010. A mobile laboratory, named ReefGuard, was developed, to be operated anywhere in the world for sexual reproduction and rearing corals at a large scale (Van Koningsveld et ah, 2017). ReefGuard is used to initiate 'Coral Engines': large scale nurseries with corals obtained through sexual reproduction as well as from fragmentation. These Coral Engines guarantee the long term and large-scale supply of genetically diverse corals for reef creation and rehabilitation. Having coral 'in stock' furthermore allows reefs to be repaired quickly following harmful events such as hurricanes. The involvement of local stakeholders in its setup and operation foresees in sustainable opportunities for research, education and awareness, and local employment. Since 2010 ReefGuard has been applied in five large scale field applications (Australia 2014, 2015, The Bahamas 2015, 2016, 2017) (Van Koningsveld et al, 2017; Robijns et al, 2018; Schutter et al, 2018) producing thousands of sexual recruits consistently. In 2017 a first Coral Engine was delivered with several tens of thousands newly settled coral recruits, and hundreds of one year old recruits and fragments. This paper explains the concept of the Coral Engine in more detail and shares perspectives for future implementation along marine construction projects across the world. Marine infrastructure projects thus become opportunities for coral reef rehabilitation with essential financial and logistical capacity on site, and often also a legislative requirement for compensation of harmful environmental impact.","Coral; Restoration; Stakeholder; Sustainability","en","conference paper","Chinese Dredging Association (CHIDA)","","","","","","","","","","Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","","",""
"uuid:580c3e65-7b77-4df6-bef1-d2c645031e21","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:580c3e65-7b77-4df6-bef1-d2c645031e21","Moving beyond Smart Cities: Digital Nations for Social Innovation & Sustainability","Kar, Arpan Kumar (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi); Ilavarasan, Vigneswara (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi); Gupta, M. P. (Indian Institute of Technology Delhi); Janssen, M.F.W.H.A. (TU Delft Information and Communication Technology); Kothari, Ravi (Ashoka University)","","2019","The next step after smart cities is the creation of digital or smart nations. A digital nation requires a national transformation across diverse institutions including the urban and rural areas of a society. Besides diverse social innovation initiatives, sustainability is a key aspect, so that rather than greenfield projects, long-term solutions will involve brownfield, smart city projects. A digital transformation to a digital or smart nation requires a great deal of innovation in planning, process re-engineering and execution. Whereas research work and policy actions are traditionally focused on a city level, these efforts need to be widened to the national level. Existing city-scale theories and frameworks may be used and adapted to meet the larger-scale needs of the future smart nations. The new issues and research challenges which arise need to be addressed through interdisciplinary approaches. This special issue on the theme of digital nations attempts to address the need in the academic literature to provide a better understanding of digital nations.","Digital nations; Implementation barriers; Information and communication technology; Innovation; Smart cities; Smart nations; Sustainability; Technology adoption; Technology impact","en","contribution to periodical","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-12-01","","","Information and Communication Technology","","",""
"uuid:b826ffed-d3e4-4a1a-823e-d255b63c57fc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b826ffed-d3e4-4a1a-823e-d255b63c57fc","Designing for Packaging Sustainability: The Effects of Appearance and a Better Eco-Label on Consumers Evaluations and Choice","Krah, S.C. (Student TU Delft); Todorovic, T. (TU Delft Servicedesk Library / SID); Magnier, L.B.M. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research)","Badke Schaub, Petra (editor); Kleinsmann, Maaike (editor)","2019","The environmental burden of packaging is huge. However, redesigning packaging to make it more sustainable without damaging its other functions is not always easy and can have a negative impact on consumers’ choice. In this paper, we adopt a user-perspective and test the effects of packaging appearance and a better eco-label on consumers’ responses. Based on the literature, we designed an eco- label using a traffic light system with an objective sustainability score enabling to compare the sustainability of different packages. The results of our experimental study (N=120) show that while a sustainable (vs. typical) appearance in packaging has a positive effect on perceived sustainability, it has a negative effect on perceived usability. However, we demonstrate that the presence of a high score on the eco-label positively impacts the perceived sustainability of both the sustainable and the typical packages and the choice intentions. This eco-label also enabled to mitigate the negative effects of the sustainable appearance on perceived usability. Designers and policy-makers can use the results of this paper to positively influence evaluations of and choice for sustainable packaging.","Communication; Eco-label; Ecodesign; Packaging; Sustainability","en","conference paper","Cambridge University Press","","","","","","","","","","Servicedesk Library / SID","","",""
"uuid:f8d12296-0846-4f60-8984-040455b7d247","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f8d12296-0846-4f60-8984-040455b7d247","The evolution of the Strategic role of Designers for Sustainable Development","Baldassarre, B.R. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research); Calabretta, G. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research); Bocken, N.M.P. (Lund University); Diehl, J.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability); Duygu, Keskin (Eindhoven University of Technology)","Bohemia, Erik (editor); Gemser, Gerda (editor); de Bont, Cees (editor); Fain, Nusa (editor); Assoreira Almendra, Rita (editor)","2019","Design for Sustainable Development refers to the application of a design process to solve a problem related to sustainability, such as creating a pair of shoes that can be recycled or managing waste collection in a large city. Since the origins of this concept in the 1960s, Design for Sustainable Development has been evolving, gradually broadening its scope over time from the design of products to the design of services, business models and wider ecosystems. In this evolution, designers have come closer and closer to business problems, thus becoming more strategic. In this paper, we explore this evolution from a business perspective. We visualize it into a framework and interview eight academic
experts about the Strategic role of Designers for Sustainable Development. We find that the evolution can be framed around five topics: the strategic goal of designers, and their related perspective, language, key activities and main challenge. After discussing how the evolution took place around each topic, we draw implications for designers and managers who are willing to play an active role in the transition towards sustainable development.","Strategic Design; Sustainability; Product Service System; Business Model; Ecosystem","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","Marketing and Consumer Research","","",""
"uuid:61b9a8f5-45ee-421f-b216-e8ce4c27a6f3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:61b9a8f5-45ee-421f-b216-e8ce4c27a6f3","Behavioral modeling of on-demand mobility services: general framework and application to sustainable travel incentives","Xie, Yifei (Massachusetts Institute of Technology); Danaf, Mazen (Massachusetts Institute of Technology); Azevedo, Carlos Lima (Technical University of Denmark); Akkinepally, Arun Prakash (Massachusetts Institute of Technology); Atasoy, B. (TU Delft Transport Engineering and Logistics); Jeong, Kyungsoo (National Renewable Energy Laboratory); Seshadri, Ravi (Singapore-MIT Alliance); Ben-Akiva, Moshe E. (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)","","2019","This paper presents a systematic way of understanding and modeling traveler behavior in response to on-demand mobility services. We explicitly consider the sequential and yet inter-connected decision-making stages specific to on-demand service usage. The framework includes a hybrid choice model for service subscription, and three logit mixture models with inter-consumer heterogeneity for the service access, menu product choice and opt-out choice. Different models are connected by feeding logsums. The proposed modeling framework is essential for accounting the impacts of real-time on-demand system’s dynamics on traveler behaviors and capturing consumer heterogeneity, thus being greatly relevant for integrations in multi-modal dynamic simulators. The methodology is applied to a case study of an innovative personalized on-demand real-time system which incentivizes travelers to select more sustainable travel options. The data for model estimation is collected through a smartphone-based context-aware stated preference survey. Through model estimation, lower values of time are observed when the respondents opt to use the reward system. The perception of incentives and schedule delay by different population segments are quantified. These results are fundamental in setting the ground for different behavioral scenarios of such a new on-demand system. The proposed methodology is flexible to be applied to model other on-demand mobility services such as ride-hailing services and the emerging mobility as a service.","Smart mobility; On-demand; Incentives; Travel behavior; Stated preference; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-12-03","","","Transport Engineering and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:90727395-0dde-43d6-bd17-8983edef3c26","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:90727395-0dde-43d6-bd17-8983edef3c26","Applying an RRI filter in key learning on urban living labs' performance","van Geenhuizen, M.S. (TU Delft Economics of Technology and Innovation)","","2019","Urban living labs is a practical methodology in improving sustainability in cities by facilitating collaborative learning and innovation in a real-life environment, thereby mainly responding to the needs of users (citizens). The paper aims to filter a list of key learnings on urban living labs through the lens of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI). One of the motivations is that key learnings on urban living labs are mainly derived from means-goal effectiveness (MGE) thinking while the urban setting calls for a broader perspective due to complexity and tension from the multi-actor, multifunctional, and multi-scalar character of cities. The filtering reveals almost 40 learnings as 'overlap' and 'exclusive for MGE'. Importantly, five learnings are identified as specific for RRI and potentially enriching living lab methodology: ethical and normative principles like health, safety, security, and equality between societal groups, and a wider distribution of benefits and risks of living lab outcomes, in particular, contradictory sustainability issues. The RRI filtering causes three practical implications: coping with uneven power distribution between stakeholders, limited feasibility of applying the comprehensive learning framework, and challenges of overarching platform structures enabling to better incorporate RRI concerns in living lab methodology. The findings as presented in an adapted list are new, as RRI values and concerns have seldom been applied to practical innovation and have never been explicitly applied to urban living labs' performance beyond the borders of effectiveness thinking.","Filtering; Means-goal effectiveness; Responsible research and innovation; Sustainability; Urban living labs","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Economics of Technology and Innovation","","",""
"uuid:bde0a889-dd58-46c4-9604-06b2cd0958f1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bde0a889-dd58-46c4-9604-06b2cd0958f1","Cultural resilience and the Smart and Sustainable City: Exploring changing concepts on built heritage and urban redevelopment","Clarke, Nicholas (TU Delft Heritage & Design; TU Delft Heritage & Values); Kuipers, M.C. (TU Delft Heritage & Values; TU Delft Heritage & Cultural Value); Roos, J. (TU Delft Heritage & Design)","","2019","Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the conceptualisation of the Smart Sustainable City (SSC) with new concepts of resilience thinking in relation to urgent societal challenges facing the built environment. The paper aims to identify novel methodologies for smart reuse of heritage sites with a pluralist past as integral to inclusive urban development.
Design/methodology/approach – SSC concepts in the global literature are studied to define a new reference framework for integrated urban planning strategies in which cultural resilience and co-creation matter. This framework, augmented by UNESCO’s holistic recommendation on the Historic Urban Landscape (HUL), was tested in two investigative projects: the historic centre of South Africa’s capital Tshwane and the proximate former Westfort leprosy colony.
Findings – The research confirms that SSC concepts need enlargement to become more inclusive in acknowledging “cultural diversity” of communities and engaging “chrono-diversity” of extant fabric. A paradigm shift in the discourse on integrated urban (re)development and adaptive reuse of built heritage is identified, influenced by resilience and sustainability thinking. Both projects show that different architectural intervention strategies are required to modulate built fabric and its emergent qualities and to unlock embedded cultural energy.
Originality/value – Together with a critical review of SSC concepts and the HUL in relation to urban (re) development, this paper provides innovative methodologies on creative adaptation of urban heritage, reconciling “hard” and “soft” issues, tested in the highly resilient systems of Tshwane.","Cultural resilience; Embodied cultural energy; Sustainability; Inclusive urban development; Adaptive reuse; Tshwane/Pretoria","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2020-03-25","","","Heritage & Design","","",""
"uuid:4f53d0dc-e359-4214-81a5-5cd80d575be8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4f53d0dc-e359-4214-81a5-5cd80d575be8","The Hassle Factor as a Psychological Barrier to a Green Home","de Vries, G. (TU Delft Organisation & Governance); Rietkerk, M. (Milieu Centraal); Kooger, R. (ECN part of TNO)","","2019","In order to reach climate goals, policymakers stimulate homeowners to invest in sustainable measures in and around their house. Unfortunately, however, the number of green home measures lacks behind. This article introduces perceived hassle as an important reason for this shortfall. It is claimed that homeowners perceive hassle during different stages of their (customer) journey towards a green home; the awareness stage, the consideration stage, and the decision stage. It is further theorized that people delay taking green home measures in order to avoid the anticipated stress caused by the accumulation of these hassles. Exploring the hassle factor as a psychological barrier to a green home can advance the successful implementation of policies that stimulate sustainable housing. On the one hand, our insights can help homeowners to overcome their obstacles to invest in green measures. On the other hand, they can help policymakers to improve their policies. It suggests de-hassling policy interventions and discusses their effectiveness.","Hassle; Sustainability; Energy efficiency; Climate change; Green housing; Psychology Barriers","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Organisation & Governance","","",""
"uuid:cf96311c-7d21-4d80-88c8-823d203ad870","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf96311c-7d21-4d80-88c8-823d203ad870","Rainwater Harvesting for Drinking Water Production: A Sustainable and Cost-Effective Solution in The Netherlands?","Hofman-Caris, Roberta (KWR Water Research Institute); Bertelkamp, C. (KWR Water Research Institute); de Waal, Luuk (KWR Water Research Institute); van den Brand, Tessa (KWR Water Research Institute); Hofman, Jan (University of Bath); van der Aa, René (KWR Water Research Institute); van der Hoek, J.P. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Waternet)","","2019","An increasing number of people want to reduce their environmental footprint by using harvested rainwater as a source for drinking water. Moreover, implementing rainwater harvesting (RWH) enables protection against damage caused by increasing precipitation frequency and intensity, which is predicted for Western Europe. In this study, literature data on rainwater quality were reviewed, and based on Dutch climatological data the usable quantity of rainwater in the Netherlands was calculated. For two specific cases, (1) a densely populated city district and (2) a single house in a rural area, the total costs of ownership (TCO) for decentralized drinking water supply from harvested rainwater was calculated, and a life cycle assessment (LCA) was made. For the single house it was found that costs were very high (€60-€110/m 3 ), and the environmental impact would not decrease. For the city district, costs would be comparable to the present costs of centralized drinking water production and supply, but the environmental benefit is negligible (≤1‰). Furthermore, it was found that the amount of rainwater that can be harvested in the city district only covers about 50% of the demand. It was concluded that the application of rainwater harvesting for drinking water production in the Netherlands is not economically feasible.","Drinking water; Footprint; Lifecycle analysis; Rainwater harvesting; Sustainability; Total cost of ownership; Urban water management","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:86526189-04ae-4401-8ba7-80fe9e1dc88b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:86526189-04ae-4401-8ba7-80fe9e1dc88b","The impact of smart city technologies: Lessons from three UK cities","Ersoy, A. (TU Delft Urban Development Management)","","2019","The concept of smart city has been discussed widely in the academia and policy terms, mainly referring to the ways in which cities can be managed more efficiently. Nevertheless, the real implications of smart technologies in urban practice often remain unexplored. Today, especially, not much is known about the challenges of smart city implementation in the context of the built environment. In order to demystify the concept of the smart city, this paper uses three UK cities, namely Bristol, Manchester and Milton Keynes, to report on how smart city ideas are designed in practice. The result of this paper gives some ideas towards the challenges of integrating technological and social innovation by providing real-life processes on the ground.","Infrastructure planning; Management; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2020-10-29","","","Urban Development Management","","",""
"uuid:6e5b733e-049a-46f2-843a-7820168f88ca","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6e5b733e-049a-46f2-843a-7820168f88ca","Nitrogen Recovery from Wastewater: Possibilities, Competition with Other Resources and Adaptation Pathways","van der Hoek, J.P. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Duijff, R. (TU Delft Water Resources); Reinstra, Otto (Strategic Centre)","Henriques, Maria Helena (editor)","2019","Due to an increased food production the demand for nitrogen and phosphorus as fertilizers grows. Nitrogen based fertilizers are produced with the Haber-Bosch process through industrial fixation of N2 into ammonia. Through wastewater treatment the nitrogen is finally released back to the atmosphere as N2 gas. This nitrogen cycle is characterized by drawbacks. The energy requirement is high, and in the wastewater treatment nitrogen is mainly converted to N2 gas and lost to the atmosphere. In this study technologies for nitrogen recovery from wastewater were selected based on four criteria: sustainability (energy use and N2O emissions), the potential to recover nitrogen in an applicable form, the maturity of the technology and the nitrogen concentration that can be handled by the technology. As in wastewater treatment the focus is also on the recovery of other resources, the interaction of nitrogen recovery with biogas production, phosphorus recovery and cellulose recovery was examined. The mutual interference of the several nitrogen recovery technologies was studied using adaptive policymaking. Most promising mature technologies that can be incorporated in existing wastewater treatment plants were struvite precipitation, treatment of digester reject water by air stripping, vacuum membrane filtration and hydrophobic membrane filtration, and treatment of air from thermal sludge drying, resulting respectively in 1.1%, 24%, 75%, 75% and 2.1% nitrogen recovery for the specific case wastewater treatment plant Amsterdam-West. The effects on sustainability were limited. Higher nitrogen recovery (60%) could be realized by separate urine collection, but this requires a completely new infrastructure for wastewater collection and treatment. It was concluded that different technologies in parallel are required to reach sustainable solutions. Nitrogen recovery does not interfere with recovery of the other resources. An adaptation pathways map is a good tool to take into account new developments, uncertainties and different ambitions when choosing technologies for nitrogen recovery.","Nitrogen; Resource Recovery; Wastewater Treatment; Energy; Sustainability; Adaptive Policymaking","en","book chapter","Vide Leaf","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:11319ba7-37e4-43e7-81d8-f760d2943783","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11319ba7-37e4-43e7-81d8-f760d2943783","Water systems to identify country houses landscapes: a method to organise heritage landscapes based on form, meaning or use","Verschuure, G.A (TU Delft Landscape Architecture)","","2019","This paper advocates a new approach to group green heritage objects, like country houses and suburban villas, based on landscape features [1].
Since the seventeenth century country houses and suburban villas were designed in relationship to important landscape elements, creating groups of country estates in so called country estates landscapes [2]. Nowadays, country estates landscapes are valued for climatological, ecological and landscape architectural values as well as culturalhistorical and identity valuesThese heritage landscapes can be seen as large scale greenblue systems in our urbanised landscapes and are contributing to a sustainable living area and are creating place for enhancing biodiversity and life on earth (SDG 11 and 15).
One of the essential structuring elements of country estates landscapes is water, which is to be found on any country estate. Appointing groups of country estates can be used for reading the historic roots of these landscapes, and to create coherent landscapes and identifying a regional narrative, but can function as a starting point to organise cooperation amongst stakeholders to ensure preservation of these large scale heritage landscapes.
Due to climate change, these values are under pressure due to weather extremes like the lack or water during summer interspersed with heavy rainfall in fall and winter. Nowadays, country houses are (more or less) dealing with these issues separately [3]. Cooperation between government, owners and stakeholders is needed to enhance environmental issues on topics like water management and regional identity and so on.
To bridge the private issues in regional cooperation, groups of esattes should be appointed using similarities in landscape elements. The paper start with a theoretical description on how groups of country estates can be organised and it will be applied to cooperation within the brook system Baakse Beek and its country houses, suffering from severe draught in the summer [4].","heritage; Sustainability; SDG","en","abstract","","","","","","","","","","","Landscape Architecture","","",""
"uuid:9477df86-4193-41e8-b9de-f7fe3dcd97f2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9477df86-4193-41e8-b9de-f7fe3dcd97f2","Design and transition management: value of synergy for sustainability","de Koning, J.I.J.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability)","Ambrosio, Marcelo (editor); Vezzoli, Carlo (editor)","2019","This paper aims to understand the value of synergy between the field of design and that of transition management for sustainability. Six potential values of synergy are identified: (1) enriched methods of retrieving knowledge of current objects and current systems; (2) providing boundary objects in transition arenas beyond language games; (3) actively envisioning the effect of design things during and beyond their lifetime; (4) intensified reflexivity in design practices and projects; (5) more prototyping activities to leave traces of transition activities in everyday life; (6) greater focus on building interactions through a broader range of co-creation activities. The paper also identifies four possible pitfalls of synergy between the two practices. The paper is grounded in literature but is meant to be a stepping stone towards experimentation in practice; where knowledge, approaches, methods and experience of both fields are combined to intensify the impact on sustainability","Sustainability; Co-creation; Design methods; Transition management","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:1354f9a1-87db-4cdb-be15-1db69607a658","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1354f9a1-87db-4cdb-be15-1db69607a658","New Dimensions for Circularity on Campus: Framework for the Application of Circular Principles in Campus Development","Hopff, Birgit (Stadsruim BV); Nijhuis, S. (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); Verhoef, Leendert (Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions (AMS))","","2019","To what extent can transformation and development processes on a university or other campus fit in with the principles of circularity? This paper builds a bridge between the more theoretical approach of the circular economy and daily practice in campus development, using semi-structured in-depth interviews with a broad range of stakeholders in university management in Dutch universities. The study aims to show possible perspectives and offers insight into which factors are important for the sustainable development of a university or other campus, taking into account the principles of the circular economy. The paper introduces a framework for understanding the various dimensions and scales of campus operations. The aim is to make a practical contribution to the implementation of circular principles in campus development. The main conclusions are that circularity is an organisational issue, complexity must be reduced, and integral policy and specialised knowledge are required. Five recommendations towards an integrated strategy for circularity in campus development are given.","Area development; Campus development; Circular economy; Circularity; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Landscape Architecture","","",""
"uuid:473a2a87-1712-4767-a313-512ac01d4f6d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:473a2a87-1712-4767-a313-512ac01d4f6d","Sustainability indicators: Monitoring cross-county water cooperation in the Nzoia river basin, Kenya","Onencan, A.M. (TU Delft Policy Analysis); Enserink, B. (TU Delft Policy Analysis); van de Walle, B.A. (TU Delft Multi Actor Systems)","","2019","Kenya Water Services Regulatory Board (WASREB) Impact Report indicates a stagnation in water coverage at 55 percent, for the last three years, contrary to the 2015 target of 80 percent. One main reason for the stagnation is weak cross-county cooperation between hydrologically interdependent governments. WASREB has little guidance on what indicators to use to enhance cross-county water cooperation. Through literature review, we assess whether the UN-Water methodology for assessing Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 6.5.2 would provide useful guidelines. Based on the literature review outcomes, we design a water policy game known as Nzoia WeShareIt. After that, we play seven-game sessions in four county governments (Busia, Bungoma, Kakamega, and Trans Nzoia), on 11-22 July 2016. We use the in-game and post-game questionnaire data to measure learning outcomes on interdependence and cooperation. The findings indicate that Nzoia WeShareIt policy game as a form of experiential learning increased understanding on the value of cross-county cooperation. The study constitutes a practical guideline to WASREB and a quick reference tool to be explored when designing indicators to monitor cross-county cooperation. We also propose a mixed method approach that incorporates team interdependence indicators as distinct and separate indicators from cooperation. Moreover, we recommend strengthening SDG 6.5.2 indicator to measure transboundary water cooperation inputs, processes and outcomes.","Benefit sharing; Equity; Nzoia river basin; SDG Indicator 6.5.2.; Sustainability; Sustainable Development Goals (SDG); Team interdependence; Transboundary water cooperation; Water policy games","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Multi Actor Systems","Policy Analysis","","",""
"uuid:48089123-fa0b-420f-bcf2-3d37545c1bfc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48089123-fa0b-420f-bcf2-3d37545c1bfc","Inland waterway terminal yard configuration contributing to sustainability: Modeling yard operations","Wiercx, Max (Student TU Delft); van Kalmthout, Martijn (Student TU Delft); Wiegmans, B. (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","","2019","In order to encourage a substantial shift from highly polluting freight transport by road to more sustainable Inland WaterWay (IWW) transport, one of the possible options is to optimize handling activities at Inland Waterway Terminals (IWTs). Therefore, this research focused on efficiencies of IWTs and possible improvements by analyzing the optimal configuration and operation of Reach Stackers (RSs) and terminal Yard Cranes (YCs) given certain throughput levels at IWTs. Our paper contributes to current scientific knowledge through the development of a tailor-made new model based on the maritime container terminal literature combined with the specificities of IWTs. The model results show that a growing throughput results in scale economies for IWTs. For small terminals, an unbalanced import/export-ratio (80-20 or vice versa) is often more efficient (and thus sustainable) than a balanced ratio (50-50), while this changes for larger terminals. Furthermore, by applying the model and analyzing the sensitivities, the paper contributes to managerial decisions to be taken by IWW terminal operators and also gives insight into the consequences of certain sustainability policies of local authorities on terminal operations. If these environmental rules and regulations are implemented, results indicate that this leads to a lower terminal capacity and thus higher costs.","Handling equipment; Inland waterway terminal; Sustainability; Yard operations","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2021-02-15","","","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:65ceb029-984a-45cd-bbb6-0b9b263e2509","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:65ceb029-984a-45cd-bbb6-0b9b263e2509","Exploring transaction costs in the prefabricated housing supply chain in China","Wu, H. (TU Delft Housing Quality and Process Innovation); Qian, QK (TU Delft Housing Quality and Process Innovation); Straub, A. (TU Delft Public Commissioning); Visscher, H.J. (TU Delft Housing Quality and Process Innovation)","","2019","The growing environmental problems, the rapid urbanization, and the disappearance of the demographic dividend in China has brought unprecedented opportunities to the development of prefabricated housing (PH). However, many barriers are hindering the promotion of PH, for instance, cost, lack of regulations, and the shortage of knowledge, among which cost is identified as one of the most critical barriers. Unlike previous studies focused only on production costs, this research aims to investigate transaction costs (TCs), e.g., searching costs, negotiation costs, and enforcement costs. First, this paper develops a theoretical TCs framework of the PH supply chain, based on an extensive literature review. Secondly, an empirical study was conducted on two cases in Chongqing to validate the TCs framework. Key stakeholders are identified by Social Network Analysis (SNA). Subsequently, 25 semi-structured interviews were conducted with key stakeholders, both to verify the new TCs framework and to explore stakeholder concerns about TCs. The centrality metrics by SNA identified six key stakeholders who have a significant influence on TCs. It is found from the interviews that both the conceptual phase and the construction phase are stages where the majority of TCs occur. Both the developer and the general contractor are paying for more TCs compared to the other stakeholders. This study contributes to theory by initially introducing the concepts of TCs to the PH field, and the findings bring implications on the governance of PH supply chain to both private stakeholders and the government.","Transaction costs; Prefabricated housing; Construction supply chain; Stakeholders; Social network analysis; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-10-13","","","Housing Quality and Process Innovation","","",""
"uuid:dee29675-90b7-40c6-bc9a-58e1c8b1ec43","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dee29675-90b7-40c6-bc9a-58e1c8b1ec43","Modelling in the service of sustainable construction","van Breugel, K. (TU Delft Materials and Environment)","","2019","The world’s infrastructure is vital for providing accommodation and mobility for people. Although it is obvious that the construction industry has been crucial for realizing building and civil infrastructures, it is also clear that building activities have a big impact on the environment. Still growing and developing societies and economies do need even more buildings, more roads etc. The question is how all these needs can be accomplished without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs (Brundtland Report). In this contribution the urgency of a sustainable construction industry is explained. The need for a change from building in the service of growth to building in the service of sustainability is emphasized. Comprehensive models, with which the entire building cycle can be simulated, would enable engineers to analyse the building and construction process with respect to the demand for raw materials and energy, maintenance and repair, renovation and retrofitting and, finally, recycling and reuse of materials and/or structural components. The option of developing a serious game for sustainable construction is discussed and recommended. With such a game the whole building cycle is simulated, ranging from decision making by stakeholders to execution on the site, curing, maintenance and repair in the service life phase, decommissioning, recycling and reuse.","Ageing; Microstructure; Modelling; Quality; Serious gaming; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Materials and Environment","","",""
"uuid:77616188-531e-46fc-96d1-75098d1e0ba3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:77616188-531e-46fc-96d1-75098d1e0ba3","A static and free vibration analysis method for non-prismatic composite beams with a non-uniform flexible shear connection","Nijgh, M.P. (TU Delft Steel & Composite Structures); Veljkovic, M. (TU Delft Steel & Composite Structures)","","2019","Steel-concrete composite beams are widely used in practice because of their economic cross-section design. As sustainability becomes more and more important in the construction industry, the design of composite beams must be adapted to meet the requirements of the circular economy. This calls for demountability and reusability of the structural components, as well as optimized use of materials, for example by using non-prismatic beams. Linear-elastic design and the (optimized) use of demountable shear connectors are key in the design of reusable composite structures. In this paper, analytical prediction models for the elastic behaviour and the first eigenfrequency of non-prismatic composite beams with non-uniform shear connector arrangements are derived. The approach is based on 6th and 2nd order differential equations used to define matrix equations for a finite number of linearized composite beam segments. The analytical models are validated using experimental and numerical results obtained with a simply supported tapered composite beam. The analytical models are suitable for comprehensive structural analysis of non-prismatic composite beams with non-uniform shear connection.","Analytical modelling; Composite beam; Eigenfrequency; Sustainability; Tapered beam","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-12-09","","","Steel & Composite Structures","","",""
"uuid:530ddd10-89b4-4845-a7a6-6ac3080013a8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:530ddd10-89b4-4845-a7a6-6ac3080013a8","Bioethanol facility location selection using best-worst method","Kheybari, S. (TU Delft Transport and Logistics; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad); Kazemi, Mostafa (Ferdowsi University of Mashhad); Rezaei, J. (TU Delft Transport and Logistics)","","2019","One of the major factors in the success of renewable energy is finding a proper location for production facilities. At a national level, different parts of a country (e.g. provinces) can be seen as alternatives that can be assessed based on a set of criteria, and ranking them to identify the best location. The focus in this paper is on identifying the best location for the production of bioethanol. After a comprehensive literature review, an evaluation framework is proposed based on the three dimensions of sustainability (economic, environmental and social). Using data provided by a sample of experts in a developing country – Iran – and applying the best-worst method (BWM), a number of decision-making criteria are evaluated. Performance data involving the various provinces of Iran are collected from different sources. The performance data and the weights identified through BWM are used to calculate an overall score for each province, which is then used to rank the provinces, with the province of Khuzestan (closely followed by Tehran) being identified as the most suitable province for bioethanol production in Iran.","Best worst method; Bioethanol; BWM; Facility location selection; Renewable energy; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.","","2019-09-19","","","Transport and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:37ed29f3-2693-4ccf-b595-77a5d596ac97","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:37ed29f3-2693-4ccf-b595-77a5d596ac97","Biomimicry design education essentials","Stevens, L.L. (The Hague University of Applied Sciences); de Vries, M.J. (TU Delft Science Education and Communication); Bos, Mark M.J.W. (The Hague University of Applied Sciences); Kopnina, Helen (The Hague University of Applied Sciences)","","2019","The emerging field of biomimicry and learning to design with and for nature has expanded in recent years through a diversity of educational programs. Inspiration following natural forms may give the appearance of being sustainable, but the question remains, how sustainable is it? Misunderstanding the function of these forms may leave designers with products not as sustainable as desired. Biomimicry education addresses these issues by integrating three essential elements into their design thinking phases and by using analogical transfer while doing so. This field learns from nature as model, nature as measure, and nature as mentor, throughout the design process. Through examination, analyses and verification of students designs and reflective processes at The Hague University of Applied Sciences, this research considers natures analogies in educational factors, determining which elements are influential when incorporating biomimicry into design education.","Bio-inspired design / biomimetics; Design education; Industrial design; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Science Education and Communication","","",""
"uuid:13800ee2-1db5-4aac-94c2-7b9259ea9ca7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:13800ee2-1db5-4aac-94c2-7b9259ea9ca7","Why fully liberalised electricity markets will fail to meet deep decarbonisation targets even with strong carbon pricing","Kraan, Oscar (Universiteit Utrecht; Universiteit Leiden); Kramer, Gert Jan (Universiteit Utrecht); Nikolic, I. (TU Delft System Engineering); Chappin, E.J.L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Koning, Vinzenz (Universiteit Utrecht)","","2019","Full decarbonisation of the electricity system is one of the key elements to limit global warming. As this transition takes place, the electricity system must maintain system adequacy and remain affordable to consumers. In liberalised electricity markets investors are seen as key actors driving this transition. Due to the intermittent character of renewable assets, such as wind or solar parks, electricity systems with large shares of renewable electricity will need to become increasingly flexible. Evaluating whether specific market designs provide the right incentives to invest in flexibility, requires the simulation of realistic investor behaviour. Agent-based modelling provides the means to explore heterogeneous, imperfectly informed and boundedly rational investor behaviour within different electricity market designs. We evaluated two market designs; “energy-only” markets and markets with a Capacity Remuneration Mechanism (CRM). We conclude that energy-only markets, even with strong carbon pricing, do not incentivise investors to deliver a fully renewable, reliable and affordable energy system. Therefore policy makers should focus on developing CRMs which can work in combination with market incentives to reach a fully renewable, reliable and affordable electricity system in the second half of this century.","Agent-based modelling; Electricity market design; Flexibility; Investor behaviour; Storage; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:2ca5d94c-0902-4483-94cc-f22451d5a6b2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2ca5d94c-0902-4483-94cc-f22451d5a6b2","Assessment of agricultural water resources sustainability in arid regions using virtual water concept: Case of South Khorasan Province, Iran","Qasemipour, Ehsan (Ferdowsi University of Mashhad); Abbasi, A. (TU Delft Water Resources; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad)","","2019","Cropping pattern plays an important role in providing food and agricultural water resources sustainability, especially in arid regions in which the concomitant socioeconomic dangers of water shortage would be inevitable. In this research, six indices are applied to classify 37 cultivated crops according to Central Product Classification (CPC). The respective 10-year data (2005–2014) were obtained from Agricultural Organization of South Khorasan (AOSKh) province. The water footprint concept along with some economic indicators are used to assess the water use efficiency. Results show that blue virtual water contributes to almost 99 percent of Total Virtual Water (TVW). In this occasion that an increasing pressure is exerted on groundwater resources, improper pattern of planting crops has to be beyond reproach. The improper cropping pattern in the study area led to the overuse of 346 × 106 m3 of water annually. More specifically, cereals cultivation was neither environmentally nor economically sustainable and since they accounted for the largest share of water usage at the province level, importing them should be considered as an urgent priority. Vegetable cultivation could be further increased—instead of other water-intensive crops such as fruits—at the province level, not only due to their low TVW, but also to their higher financial output.","Arid regions; Sustainability; Virtualwater trade; Water footprint; Water self-sufficiency; Water use efficiency","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Water Resources","","",""
"uuid:fc427072-c32b-42c5-ac92-11779370db0c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fc427072-c32b-42c5-ac92-11779370db0c","Socioeconomic effects of aviation biofuel production in Brazil: A scenarios-based Input-Output analysis","Wang, Z. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Pashaei Kamali, F. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Osseweijer, P. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Posada Duque, J.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society)","","2019","Derived from renewable feedstocks, aviation biofuel is generally perceived as inherently sustainable. However, its production involves a wide range of sectors and interacts with different actors in society. It is therefore important to understand and evaluate not only the environmental impacts of that process, but also its socioeconomic effects. At present, empirical studies assessing socioeconomic aspects of aviation biofuel are rare in scientific literature. The aim of this study, therefore, is to assess key effects of aviation biofuel production on employment, GDP, and trade balance. A scenarios-based Input-Output (IO) analysis was used to evaluate these socioeconomic effects, taking Brazilian aviation biofuel production to 2050 as an example. To address the uncertainty of IO analysis, we have proposed a stochastic simulation approach for the technical coefficients in the IO model. Four distinct scenarios were developed. In each, three potential combinations of technologies and feedstocks for producing aviation biofuel were evaluated: sugarcane via alcohol to jet (ATJ), macauba via hydro-processed esters and fatty acids (HEFA), and eucalyptus via Fischer-Tropsch (FT). Among other things, we found that the production of aviation biofuel would create around 12,000–65,000 jobs, while contributing US$200-1100 million to Brazil's GDP under different scenarios with different supply chains. The socioeconomic effects calculated deterministically were generally higher than the stochastic outcomes, which can be explained by factors such as technological learning and economic growth. Aviation biofuel production showed large positive net socioeconomic effects on employment and GDP, although some of the fossil sectors would be negatively affected. Overall, the macauba-HEFA chain (with the highest effects on employment and GDP, and the lowest effects on imports) seemed to be the most favorable of the scenarios studied, despite the relatively high level of uncertainty associated with it.","Aviation biofuel; Employment; Input-output analysis; Social development; Socioeconomic effect; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","2021-05-22","","","BT/Biotechnology and Society","","",""
"uuid:223b5f58-e21d-4690-bf8e-7a257cd80adf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:223b5f58-e21d-4690-bf8e-7a257cd80adf","Navigating transitions for sustainable infrastructures - The case of a new high-speed railway station in Jingmen, China","Liu, X. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management); Schraven, D.F.J. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management); de Bruijne, M.L.C. (TU Delft Organisation & Governance); de Jong, Martin (Rotterdam School of Management; Fudan University); Hertogh, M.J.C.M. (TU Delft Integral Design & Management)","","2019","Sustainable development and Circular Economy (CE) have drawn massive attention worldwide. Construction practices consume large amounts of materials, resources and energy. Sustainability and CE could play a big role in reduction efforts. However, the potential influence of both concepts on the planning and construction of large infrastructures remains unexplored. This paper investigates how professionals involved in a high-speed railway station project in the Chinese city of Jingmen envision the use of sustainability and CE for the planning and construction of the railway station and its surrounding areas. We reviewed policy documents and interviewed local professionals with the Triple Bottom Line (TBL) framework. The analysis reveals opportunities for improvement towards sustainability and the interdependence between the dimensions in the TBL framework for the railway station and its surroundings. The case shows that local professionals identify ample opportunities for improvement (presented as ""sustainability ideas""), but none appear truly sustainable. These insights provide evidence that the hierarchical introduction of transition(s) creates a cognitive silo for local professionals when envisioning sustainability ideas. In the TBL framework, this study finds a useful and novel approach to break down the silos, because the TBL stresses the interdependence between the various sustainability dimensions.","China; Circular Economy (CE); Jingmen; Railway station; Sustainability; Transport infrastructure; Triple Bottom Line (TBL)","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Integral Design & Management","","",""
"uuid:d99eae75-b97a-4fbe-8728-2773cc326988","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d99eae75-b97a-4fbe-8728-2773cc326988","Decomposing the Complexity of Value: Integration of Digital Transformation of Education with Circular Economy Transition","Türkeli, Serdar (Universiteit Maastricht); Schophuizen, M.J.F. (TU Delft Web Information Systems; Open University of the Netherlands)","","2019","In this article, we highlight the pressing need for integrating the windows of opportunities that digital transformation of education opens up with circular economy education to accelerate the achievements of sustainability outcomes. Circular economy transition, as a multi-scalar process, relates to several contexts, e.g., product, firm, industry-level transformations ranging from designing local socio-technical solutions to greening global value chains, with multi-level policy and business implications for finance, production, distribution, consumption that are fundamentally consequential to everyday life, work and learning. Drawing on theories of neo-capital, multi-level perspective and structuration, and as methodology, using content analysis and qualitative meta-synthesis of scientific publications in digital education for sustainability, we blended our findings into multi-level, multi-domain structuration blueprints, which capture the complexity of value emanating from the interactions among external structures, internal structures of agents, active agencies and outcomes, for circular economy open online education and massive open online course instructional designs. We conclude that learning and creating multiple values to increase social-ecological value, complementarily to economic value, necessitate activating the complexity of value embedded in digital education and circular economy transitions with customizable niches of learning preferences and journeys of individuals and groups, within broader (and evolving) technological, organizational and institutional structures.","Circular economy; Complexity; Digital transformation of education; Education; Massive open online courses; MOOCs; Multiple value; Open educational resources; Open online education; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Web Information Systems","","",""
"uuid:f46b2dad-5a78-4ff7-b29e-e0b2e77e249e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f46b2dad-5a78-4ff7-b29e-e0b2e77e249e","Sustainability of Railway Passenger Services: A Review of Aspects, Issues, Contributions and Challenges of Life Cycle Emissions","Kapetanović, M. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); van Oort, N. (TU Delft Transport and Planning); Nunez, Alfredo (TU Delft Railway Engineering); Goverde, R.M.P. (TU Delft Transport and Planning)","Peterson, Anders (editor); Joborn, Martin (editor); Bohlin, Markus (editor)","2019","This paper presents a review of research and models regarding sustainability of railway passenger services. In order to take into account all relevant aspects in terms of environmental impacts of a railway passenger service, a holistic system perspective is required, that includes a whole life cycle assessment. A life cycle approach is important since comparison of for instance only the exhaust emissions of an electric vehicle with a petrol vehicle is misleading, due to neglecting the emissions of for instance electrical energy production process. Thus, all stages in energy carrier, vehicle and infrastructure life cycles are to be considered. Existing models are analyzed, as well as possible developments, focusing on diesel and electrical traction as the most common traction options in use, and on GHG emissions, especially on CO2, which takes the greatest part in all emissions. Issues and challenges in improving the environmental impact of railway passenger services are addressed. Additionally, several areas are indicated where environmental aspects could be included in future assessment models. The main challenge is answering how the existing partial assessments can be brought together and, together with filling the identified gaps, allow to conduct a comprehensive LCA which will produce real-world emissions estimations. Results of this paper will be used as an input in developing a framework for quantifying and improving overall environmental impacts of a railway passenger service.","Railway transport; Sustainability; Environmental pollution; CO2; Life cycle assessment","en","conference paper","Linköping University Electronic Press","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Planning","","",""
"uuid:c0cb1b25-4d9b-4957-8e0d-c433d1b1b3ed","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c0cb1b25-4d9b-4957-8e0d-c433d1b1b3ed","Societal and Ethical Issues in Industrial Biotechnology","Asveld, L. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Osseweijer, P. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society); Posada Duque, J.A. (TU Delft BT/Biotechnology and Society)","Fröhling, Magnus (editor); Hiete, Michael (editor)","2019","In this chapter we aim to give an overview of the main societal and ethical issues that are currently voiced around industrial biotechnology. We will illustrate this with some recent cases, such as the development of synthetic artemisinin, synthetic vanillin and vegetable oil produced by engineered algae. We show that current societal and ethical issues in industrial biotechnology centre on the following five themes: sustainability, naturalness, innovation trajectories, risk management and economic justice. In each of these themes, clashing public opinions fuel the public debate on the acceptability of new industrial biotechnology. In some cases this has led to the failure of otherwise promising innovations. In the last part, we provide suggestions on how to deal with these ethical and societal aspects based on the approach of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI).","Economic justice; Ethical and social issues; Naturalness; Responsible research and innovation; Sustainability","en","book chapter","Springer","","","","","","","","","","BT/Biotechnology and Society","","",""
"uuid:7754d39f-b744-4421-b07b-bed6c58a62cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7754d39f-b744-4421-b07b-bed6c58a62cf","Applying the ‘Building with Nature’ philosophy for sustainable port development: Opportunity study for the Port-Industrial Complex Kuala Tanjung, Indonesia","van der Hoek, Alexander (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","van Koningsveld, Mark (mentor); Taneja, Poonam (graduation committee); van Wesenbeeck, Bregje (graduation committee); Broos, EJ (graduation committee); Wolf, R. (graduation committee); Kleinhout, K. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The aim of the Building with Nature (BwN) design philosophy is to improve on a traditional approach for infrastructural projects by utilising natural processes to create benefits for society and nature. In a fast-changing world where climate action is becoming increasingly important, there is need for an innovative approach in large infrastructural projects where nature is not considered as an obstacle, but stimulated and used in a sustainable way. The BwN design philosophy offers the opportunity to realize this improvement. This research first aimed to create an evaluation framework of (international) standards and goals to identify opportunities for improvement of a port masterplan and to get a better understanding of the need for sustainable port development. Included in this evaluation framework are, amongst others, the Port Vision2030, the Corporate Social Responsibility statement and the international strategy of the Port of Rotterdam (PoR). On the basis of these visions and standards, the corporate governance of the PoR was tested by conducting an informal opinion poll amongst twenty colleagues at the PoR (International, Environmental Management and Port Development). A practical example of a traditional port development project that can be improved by applying BwN is the Kuala Tanjung (KT) Port-Industrial complex at Sumatra, in Indonesia. This port development project is still in its initiation phase where a first master plan is proposed. Since the goal of the Indonesian government is to build a world-class port, international and sustainable standards apply. This project was used as a case to identify opportunities to improve a traditional master plan by applying a BwN approach. The evaluation framework was applied to the current master plan of KT to check whether this project meets the requirements for international port development, in particular from a nature/social point of view. It is concluded that the current design mainly focuses on the functional requirements of the port, proposing mitigation and compensation measures against the negative social and environmental impact of the port development. The BwN philosophy, on the other hand, prescribes a thorough understanding of the natural system emphasizing on the positive effects of the project for stakeholders and nature, to create a win-win solution. After applying the general evaluation framework, it became clear what aspects in the current master plan should be improved. A literature study of applied BwN solutions resulted in an onshore and offshore alternative for the port development including several BwN solutions. Together with experts involved in the KT project, it is concluded that the onshore alternative is more realistic (from a functional point of view), while still offering opportunities for applying the BwN philosophy. In the current natural system of KT the mangroves offer various important ecosystem services. In addition, it is concluded that the breakwaters proposed by the current master plan form a large part of the CAPEX. Consequently, a solution is proposed where mangroves are integrated in the design to attenuate waves and enhance nature at the same time. To test whether this BwN solution is realistic, a preliminary feasibility study has been executed. The results of a mangrove coastal protection program at Demak (Java, Indonesia) and various scientific articles (Ecoshape BwN Guidelines, 2018) about rehabilitation programs for mangroves have been used to set up a general checklist with habitat requirements for mangroves. These requirements were compared with the local conditions at KT and recommendations for creating these conditions at the breakwater location were given. According to the checklist, the site at KT appeared to be suitable for mangrove establishment. This resulted in preliminary mangrove breakwater designs for various depths. In addition, the effect of the BwN solution on the phasing of the adapted master plan was determined, rough cost estimates were made and the implementation risks were identified. According to these conditions, the mangrove-based breakwater appeared to be technically feasible for the first 2000 m of the shallow part of the south-eastern breakwater at KT. Finally, the evaluation framework was applied again to check if the current master plan of KT has been improved (read: less dilemmas occurring from deviating standards in Indonesia) and a general advice is given on the applicability of the selected BwN solution to other ports in Indonesia and (sub)tropical zones of the Asia Pacific region.","Building with Nature; Sustainable Development Goals; sustainable development; mangroves; international standards; permeable dams; breakwater; port design; port development; Indonesia; Indonesia ports; Port of Rotterdam; Port of Kuala Tanjung; Ecological approach; port planning; port master plan; Corporate Governance; Sustainability; climate change; Project Management; Stakeholder management; Innovation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","Port of Kuala Tanjung","3.3506353, 99.4513321"
"uuid:8ec13186-66ce-475d-be82-3963cac8ce5b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8ec13186-66ce-475d-be82-3963cac8ce5b","Beyond wastescapes: Towards circular landscapes. addressing the spatial dimension of circularity through the regeneration of wastescapes","Amenta, L. (TU Delft Environmental Technology and Design; Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II); van Timmeren, A. (TU Delft Environmental Technology and Design; Amsterdam Institute for Advanced Metropolitan Solutions (AMS))","","2018","Wastescapes are the result of unsustainable linear growth processes and their spatial consequences within the context of urban metabolic flows and related infrastructure. They represent the operational infrastructure for waste management and include Drosscapes, generating complex relations with the servicing and surrounding territory. In particular, the peri-urban areas are spatially affected by these processes. This often leads to ineffective use and/or abandonment because they are currently impossible to use, demanding impactful (and often expensive) regeneration and revalorization to make them usable again. Being part of the urban metabolic process, wastescapes are in a continuous state of dynamic equilibrium. They can be considered crucial areas from a metropolitan perspective because they have the potential to become innovative spatial contexts or resources in a Circular Economy (CE), which aims to overcome the crises of both resource scarcity and spatial fragmentation. However, common and shared definitions of wastescapes are still missing at the European policy level, as only classical categories of material waste are generally mentioned. Wastescapes can be considered as 'potentiality contexts' where developing, testing, and implementing Eco-Innovative Solutions (EIS) can be done. By doing so, wastescapes can help start transitions towards a CE. This can be achieved by using Peri-urban Living Labs (PULL), which have the potential to be the virtual and physical environments in which experimenting the collaborative co-creation process for developing EIS can be done. Doing so will allow for the improvement of waste management and for the revalorization of wastescapes in collaboration with all potential stakeholders.","Circular economy; Eco-innovation; Sustainability; Urban metabolism; Wastescapes","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Environmental Technology and Design","","",""
"uuid:46706a74-989e-4320-81bb-849a471c9b48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:46706a74-989e-4320-81bb-849a471c9b48","Nitrogen recovery from wastewater: Possibilities, competition with other resources, and adaptation pathways","van der Hoek, J.P. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering; Waternet; Strategic Centre); Duijff, R. (TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Reinstra, Otto (Strategic Centre)","","2018","Due to increased food production, the demand for nitrogen and phosphorus as fertilizers grows. Nitrogen-based fertilizers are produced with the Haber-Bosch process through the industrial fixation of N2 into ammonia. Through wastewater treatment, the nitrogen is finally released back to the atmosphere as N2 gas. This nitrogen cycle is characterized by drawbacks. The energy requirement is high, and in the wastewater treatment, nitrogen is mainly converted to N2 gas and lost to the atmosphere. In this study, technologies for nitrogen recovery from wastewater were selected based on four criteria: sustainability (energy use and N2O emissions), the potential to recover nitrogen in an applicable form, the maturity of the technology, and the nitrogen concentration that can be handled by the technology. As in wastewater treatment, the focus is also on the recovery of other resources; the interactions of nitrogen recovery with biogas production, phosphorus recovery, and cellulose recovery were examined. The mutual interference of the several nitrogen recovery technologies was studied using adaptive policy making. The most promising mature technologies that can be incorporated into existing wastewater treatment plants include struvite precipitation, the treatment of digester reject water by air stripping, vacuum membrane filtration, hydrophobic membrane filtration, and treatment of air from thermal sludge drying, resulting respectively in 1.1%, 24%, 75%, 75%, and 2.1% nitrogen recovery for the specific case wastewater treatment plant Amsterdam-West. The effects on sustainability were limited. Higher nitrogen recovery (60%) could be realized by separate urine collection, but this requires a completely new infrastructure for wastewater collection and treatment. It was concluded that different technologies in parallel are required to reach sustainable solutions. Nitrogen recovery does not interfere with the recovery of the other resources. An adaptation pathways map is a good tool to take into account new developments, uncertainties, and different ambitions when choosing technologies for nitrogen recovery.","Adaptive policymaking; Energy; Nitrogen; Resource recovery; Sustainability; Wastewater treatment","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Sanitary Engineering","","",""
"uuid:d4089d96-22e4-42f1-ab1d-7fa6e2c1b0e1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d4089d96-22e4-42f1-ab1d-7fa6e2c1b0e1","Healthcare Sustainability Mode and Effect Analysis: Design, validation, and clinical application of the HSMEA tool to improve the environmental sustainability of healthcare","de Ridder, Else (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering; TU Delft Biomechanical Engineering)","Dankelman, J. (mentor); Klein, J. (graduation committee); de Koning, J.I.J.C. (graduation committee); Quist, J.N. (graduation committee); Friedericy, Hans (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Sustainability is becoming more important in numerous industries, including healthcare. Action to achieve sustainability is undertaken by various means, such as the Green Deal Healthcare. Several tools exist that can assess the environmental impact of a certain industry or company, but no tools exist that aid in actively lowering this environmental impact. Therefore, the HSMEA (Healthcare Sustainability Mode and Effect Analysis) tool was developed. This method is based on the Lean philosophy and HFMEA (Healthcare Failure Mode and Effect Analysis) tool and consists of six steps that aid in making a healthcare process more sustainable, in terms of waste production, energy use, or water use. With this tool, processes that contribute to these factors are identified in a highly structured and systematic way, and practical solutions are created and executed for these situations by a multidisciplinary team. This tool was validated in the academic hospital in Leiden, the Netherlands (Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum). Next, it was applied to two clinical case studies, assessing two processes that are currently present in the operating rooms of the LUMC. The HSMEA tool showed that with the implementation of four solutions, great improvements can be achieved in terms of waste and CO2-equivalents production and recycling rate. These four interventions are currently being implemented in the LUMC. This novel sustainability tool has therefore proved its usefulness and clinical applicability in a healthcare setting. By implementing this tool throughout the hospital, it will support the hospital reaching its sustainability goals.","Sustainability; Healthcare; Operating room; Waste; Energy; Water; Quantification; CO2 footprint","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2022-12-01","","","","","",""
"uuid:36023a12-9c5c-41e4-9235-98d16fa82921","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:36023a12-9c5c-41e4-9235-98d16fa82921","Data driven design in sustainability: Development of software prototype to aid the conceptual design of industrial warehouses on sustainability","Hofstee, Niels (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Nijsse, R. (graduation committee); Schipper, H.R. (graduation committee); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Coenders, J.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The construction sector contributes to a significant portion of global energy consumption, CO2 emissions and the use of material resources. As climate change escalates with rapidly increasing temperatures, more extreme weather patterns and rising sea levels, an urge to reduce the environmental impact is evident.
A discrepancy is visible between early structural design and the required information for performing an environmental assessment. The first phase of design is an excellent time to steer the design to be more sustainable. However, today's procedures, involving LCA, only provides feedback at a later phase. This is due to the required highly detailed information for performing this complex and time consuming assessment. An assessment tool that supports the conceptual design would help to reduce the environmental impact.
The research project aims to show the feasibility of sustainability feedback using analytical methods on stored building data in early design. It provides LCA feedback in the conceptual design phase. A proof-of-concept is developed on industrial warehouses showcasing the functionality of the framework. Lacking the required building data and LCA scoring, a fully automated script is created with the parametric plugin Grasshopper, to generate the warehouse data. Due to time constrains and performance limitations, the scope was limited to the structural system of beams, columns, purlins and braces. The script randomly iterates over its parameter domain, automatically changing the geometry, performing a structural optimisation and calculating the LCA. This assessment is limited to a cradle-to-gate system boundary. Data is automatically written to a web-hosted database on the Packhunt.io platform of White Lioness technologies. The feedback is based on retrieving data from the database, applying a performance based algorithm, and finding the parameter that decreases the LCA score the most. Results are visualised to the user.
The result is the Interactive Design Assist (IDA) prototype that suggests parameters to the engineer in reducing the LCA score. This information provides guidance in the conceptual design phase on structural design of industrial warehouses. It demonstrates the large potential of reusing 'knowledge' inside the design process to improve building designs.","Data Analytics; Sustainability; Structural Design; Data driven design; Database; Decision making; Industrial warehouse; Prototype","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Building Engineering","",""
"uuid:09688652-cad3-42a2-aeee-9a3d8c3664ac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:09688652-cad3-42a2-aeee-9a3d8c3664ac","Green-House: Aquaponic farm and green residence","van der Woude, Steven (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","de Koning, Stefan (mentor); Fokkinga, Jelke (mentor); Romein, Arie (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Metropoles around the world are projected to keep growing in the coming years. Their population is increasing and with it the size and density of the city. Amsterdam is no exception to this projected growth with a population estimated to be larger than one million around 2050. As a consequence, we can see the housing and land prices skyrocket and the demand for new buildable space increase. ‘Green-House’ proposes to combine green recreation (allotment gardening) with the possibility for housing and hyper functional urban farming in a new architectural typology. With accessible green, it can sustain biodiversity in the city whilst embracing the densification and increasing the quality of life of the inhabitants with local food production.","Amsterdam 2050; Sustainability; Greenhouse; Complex Projects; Housing; Allotment; Sloterdijk; Biodiversity","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:a04f4c9c-e5d8-43f9-8da0-c751f5dea8a3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a04f4c9c-e5d8-43f9-8da0-c751f5dea8a3","Creating a Sustainable Operating Environment in Dredging and Reclamation Projects: A Qualitative Study of the Project Management Process","van Walt Meijer, Valerie (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hertogh, M.J.C.M. (mentor); Schraven, D.F.J. (mentor); Scholten, L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Companies (in general and in the dredging sector) are striving towards more sustainable operations. However, problems arise in the changing of current practices to operationalize sustainability goals in projects. The objective of this research is to describe the process of creating a sustainable operating environment for dredging and reclamation projects by analysing a dredging and reclamation project in the Maldives of Van Oord.","Sustainability; Dredging; Project Management; Outcome driven process research","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:df36e9c1-429f-4c22-8b07-4760bef8bfb6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:df36e9c1-429f-4c22-8b07-4760bef8bfb6","St. Elisabeth Heritage Garden: Refurbish of St. Elisabeth complex","Yeum, Ken (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","de Ridder, A.C. (mentor); Gremmen, B. (mentor); Clarke, Nicholas (mentor); van Bortel, G.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","St. Elisabeth complex is located at the edge of Nieuwstad. The site includes valuable heritages such as Berkelpoort, city wall and tower from the 14th century. However St. Elisabeth building has separated these monuments from the public since 1993, and these cultural assets are not being properly maintained.
Is cultural property justified by means of private use?
Heritages are a national asset. Everyone has the right to learn history through heritage. Therefore, when the circumstances allow it, heritage must be shared in public. The historical elements in this complex can provide great future opportunities to Nieuwstad. In this project, I suggest a ‘Heritage garden’ as a cultural hub of the Nieuwstad.
A row house was used to develop and test the strategies and a semi-detached and a free-standing house were used to test the versatility. Testing was performed with Design Builder and Uniec 2.2, both energy performance programs. Based on a literature review and analysis of the case study, the strategies developed were a basic insulation strategy (A), Energy Performance Coefficient (EPC) ≤ 0,4 strategy (B), and a Net Zero Energy Building (NZEB) strategy (C). Strategy A consists merely of basic insulation techniques and the upgrading of old heating systems, which lowers gas consumption with roughly 50% and has a payback time of roughly 15 years. The second strategy aims to lower the EPC to 0,4 or less as is required for newly built houses and consists of higher-level insulation techniques and the use of solar power for heating and electricity. This decreases gas consumption with roughly 75%, electricity consumption with over 45%, has a payback time of roughly 15 years, and a better balanced investment vs. yearly savings. Strategy C adds exterior insulation and installs a hybrid electric boiler, an air heat pump, and solar collectors resulting in a (nearly) NZEB and gas-free house. A very large investment is required for this strategy but the approximate 20 year payback time makes it worthwhile.
The free-standing house was very similar in construction and the three strategies can easily be applied. Strategy A showed similar results, and remarkably both B and C showed both a higher reduction and shorter payback time than with the row house. With strategy C a NZEB could easily be achieved. The semi-detached house has an a-typical construction, monumental status, and air heating system and would require a specific strategy focussing on internal insulation and complete replacement of the heating and ventilation system.
In conclusion, typical post-war era houses can easily be refurbished with these three strategies whereas a-typical houses will require a specific strategy. From a long-term societal perspective, I recommend the NZEB strategy. From the homeowner’s perspective, the EPC ≤ 0,4 strategy is probably the best achievable given the required investments. If we really want to reduce global warming and reduce gas consumption, major steps still have to be taken by the government and industry.
By analyzing the existing varied definitions for Green Ports and the current sustainable practices in ports around the world, a definition of a Green Port is proposed, through which a comparison between these ports and traditional ports can be made, optimized with the personal reflection after the elaboration of the proposed methodology. This methodology for developing a greenfield Green Port, covering the stages of planning, design, construction and operation (and management) is based on several top green philosophies in which all criteria that contribute to any green goal are based on. These criteria can be evaluated by means of a proposed evaluation framework, giving a final score to get an insight on how green the port is, which is tested and refined with a case study for the planning phase.
As a conclusion of the case study application, several implementation issues of Green Ports have been identified and some possible solutions for the success of the sustainable option are proposed, for which a general shift in mentality is required.
To quantify the impact of geometric factors on the energy efficiency of high-rise office buildings, performance-based simulations were carried out for 12 plan shapes, 7 plan depths, 4 building orientations and discrete values for the window-to-wall ratio (WWR). The results of the total annual energy consumption (and different energy end-uses) were used to define the most and least efficient solutions. The optimal design solution is the one that minimises, on an annual basis, the sum of the energy use for heating, cooling, electric lighting and fans. The percentile difference - a deviation in the total energy use - between the most and least efficient design options showed the extent to which geometric factors can affect the energy use of the building. It was found that geometric factors could influence the energy use up to 32%. Furthermore, the recommended design options were classified according to their degree of energy performance for each of the climates.
The second group of strategies is related to the envelope design. To quantify their degree of influence, an existing tall office building was selected as a typical high-rise design for each of the climates and the energy use prior and after refurbishment was compared through computer simulations with DesignBuilder. The 21-storey EWI building in Delft, the Netherlands, is selected as the representative for the temperate climate and the 65-storey KOMTAR tower in George Town, Malaysia, for the tropical climate. As part of a sensitivity analysis, energy performance simulations defined façade parameters with higher impact on building energy consumption. A large number of computer simulations were run to evaluate the energy-saving potential of various envelope measures, as well as their combinations. The results showed which set of envelope measures suits each climate type best. Furthermore, it was found that the right combination of envelope strategies could reduce the total energy use of a conventional tall office building by around 42% in temperate climates and around 36% in tropical climates.
One other important difference between conventional and sustainable tall buildings is related to the application of natural ventilation. In this regard, the potential use of different natural ventilation strategies to reduce the energy demand for cooling and mechanical ventilation in high-rise buildings was investigated by using the same validated base models. The results showed that for a naturally ventilated tall office building in the temperate climate on average only 4% of the occupancy hours a supplementary air-conditioning system might be needed for providing thermal comfort during summer. For the tropical climate, the average percentage of discomfort hours (when air-conditioning is required to keep the indoor air temperature within the comfort limits) was around 16% of the occupancy hours during one year. In both climates, natural ventilation strategies could meet the minimum fresh air requirements needed for an office space for almost the entire period of occupancy hours; 96% in temperate climates and 98% in tropical climates.
The last important strategy that is becoming an integrated part of sustainable tall buildings is the use of greenery systems. The effects of greenery systems on the energy-efficiency, thermal comfort and indoor air quality of buildings were investigated by conducting a thorough literature review on five greenery concepts, including the green roof (GR), green wall (GW), green balcony (GB), sky garden (SG) and indoor sky garden (ISG). It was found that greenery systems have a limited impact for reducing the energy use of high-performance buildings. The maximum efficiency of greenery systems was reported during summer and for places with higher solar radiation and when integrated into buildings that have no solar control systems. However, other large-scale benefits for the urban environment (mitigation of CO2 concentration) and building residents (increased productivity and higher well-being) could justify the application of greenery systems as an essential sustainability feature for the design of tall office buildings.
To sum up, the architectural design is a determinant contributor to the performance of buildings and the comfort of occupants. The findings of this research were used to point out climate specific design strategies for tall office buildings in temperate and tropical climates. At the end of dissertation, a proposed model of an energy-efficient and comfortable high-rise office building for each of the investigated climates was illustrated. It is expected that the discussions and recommendations provided in this dissertation could form an acceptable starting point for improvements to tall building design and could be of assistance to make energy-wise decisions during the design process.
The results show that a broad approach, including the entire social-ecological system, is essential and that the government can use selective pressures and windows of opportunity to steer and accelerate the transformation. The case study of policy on material constraint in Britain underlines the importance of planning besides the transformation. Additionally, the research has uncovered trust, and therefore the importance of equal and just distribution, as the foundation of resilience.
The Dutch government should take the responsibility of bringing about sustainable development and use its authority to define a sharp vision and specific goals for the sustainability transformation. If diversity and distribution are adequately addressed during the transformation process, the Netherlands is in the position to achieve a high level of resilience to critical materials problems. Resilience does not mean that situations of material constraint will not occur, or that they will not affect the society. It does mean that the Dutch social-ecological system will be flexible enough to change according to the new situation while maintaining its function and provide its society with the basic needs for living, even in times of severe material constraint. The new system is a system that is balanced and diverse, and, therefore, far less dependent on economic growth or material supplies.
Valuable research that could be done to build on this work would be to conduct a similar analysis using one or more different cases, such as the period of resource constraint during the 1970s. Additionally, further research could be done into the different phases of the framework, to provide more insight into specific actions that can be taken to transform a social-ecological system. In a practical sense, this theoretical framework that has been developed in this research can be used by government officials to test its usefulness in helping to develop a transition pathway for the government, including a timeline.
often strongly affected by the increased climate variability (UNDP, 2007/2008). Additionally to climatic
uncertainty, local households have also to cope with strongly fluctuating political and economic
conditions, which are difficult to predict and impede regional development. Current planning practices
that aim to address these uncertainties are often model based top-down focused approaches that lack an
appropriate inclusion of local stakeholders. Crucial next steps are the downscaling of models to increase
their local applicability and the incorporation of the knowledge and preferences of practitioners to
achieve a sustainable landscape management plan. In this thesis, I developed a participatory planning
approach to support sustainable development under uncertain future conditions and applied it to a case
study in the southern drylands of Zimbabwe.
The newly developed planning approach is based on a synthesis of current good practices in development
aid and recent advancements of research in predictive planning and management. Specifically, the
dynamic adaptive policy pathways (Haasnoot et al., 2013) are merged with the landscape approach (Sayer
et al., 2013), which accounts for sustainable development in a participatory manner, and transformed into
a new dynamic adaptive development pathways approach.
The dynamic adaptive development pathways approach was applied to plan the upscaling of irrigation
practices using an alluvial aquifer in Zimbabwe. A critical step was the use of visualisation sessions and
focus group discussions to define the landscape area and local values, as well as to assemble a set of
promising development actions. I then assessed the collected information using value matrixes and a
hydrological model, to design different pathways for sustainable development.
The creation of naturally, socially and ecologically sustainable pathways in a participatory manner for this
case study proved possible and may function as a seed for sustainable development in the area. While
uptake and application of the approach by local stakeholders still needs to be assessed, the adaptive
capacity seems a valuable addition for development planning under uncertain future conditions.","Uncertain futures; Landscape Approach; Pathways; Sustainability; Development","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","A4Labs",""
"uuid:532d824f-001e-48c8-aa36-a7a04126ba84","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:532d824f-001e-48c8-aa36-a7a04126ba84","Resilient Living: A Housing Template for Kullu Valley","Backman, Karolina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); McGaffney, Ryan (TU Delft OLD Complex Projects); van der Griend, Isabella (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Uiterwaal, Charlotte (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); van der Meel, H.L. (mentor); Lousberg, Louis (mentor); Mota, Nelson (mentor); van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Resilient Living - A Housing Template for Kullu is part of a greater group graduation project called ‘Towards a Habitable Earth’. ‘Towards a Habitable Earth’ focuses on creating a framework for a resilient built environment that ensures social, economical and environmental sustainability is integrated and considered holistically in everyday practice. This project derived from the team members initial research on the severe impact the built environment has on these three components of sustainable development, necessary for human survival as we move towards a future of environmental uncertainty. Inspired by famed economist Kate Raworth and her idea of a ‘safe space’ for humanity (later developed in to the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals) we formulated the question for our graduation thesis; What this ‘safe space’ means for the built environment? The individual project area for a the case study of the framework was the Kullu Valley in Himachal Pradesh, India which is experiencing multiple challenges such as; rising risk of disaster (particularly earthquakes and landslides), increased densification caused by mass-tourism which has led to infrastructural failures and pollution, and a loss of culture as the traditional vernacular architecture is rapidly being replaced by cheap, but unsafe, concrete structures. ‘Resilient Living - A Housing Template for Kullu' focused on how to improve the current housing situation which is mainly self-constructed. The solution proposed was to establish a ‘housing template’ of resilient structures, typology and clusters with a primary focus on responding to local preferences and the various stakeholders involved in the development of housing in the area.","Resiliency; Sustainability; Circularity; Housing; Kullu; India; Global; Circular Economy; Himalaya; Architecture; Construction; Bamboo; Hemp","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:b8a68d5b-ffef-401c-b94e-6ee955c5a2cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b8a68d5b-ffef-401c-b94e-6ee955c5a2cf","From landscape to mindscape: Spatial narration of touristic Amsterdam","Dai, T. (Southeast University); Zhuang, T. (TU Delft OLD Housing Quality and Process Innovation); Yan, J. (TU Delft OLD Housing Systems); Zhang, Tong (Southeast University)","","2018","The cultural attributes of architecture in touristic cities are vital to city image building, city branding, and rebranding, as well as generating more economic profits for sustainable urban development, and protecting cultural sustainability. However, many studies on this theme focus on the singularity of architecture referring to its stylistic or morphological definitions, lacking attention to visitors' cultural experiences in the architectures. Considering the importance of personal experience involved in cultural activities as a process of spatial narration through which architecture makes sense to visitors and generates cultural values, the aim of this paper is to reveal the respective correlations between different types of architecture regarding the cultural experience it imparts and the non-positive dimensions of the city image. This research builds a categorization system of three cultural types of architecture, and designs a questionnaire to collect tourists' personal opinions concerning architectures and the city image of Amsterdam's waterfront in order to calculate such correlations statistically. The results associate architectures with 'tourism-oriented', 'present/process-based', and 'mass' cultural types with non-positive dimensions of city image, which leads to further discussions of 'authenticity', 'identity', and 'mass culture', suggesting the significance of urban cultural policies and local communities in terms of city rebranding.","Amsterdam; Architecture; City image; Cultural attractions; Cultural experience; Cultural tourism; Rebranding; Sustainability; Urban development","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","OLD Housing Quality and Process Innovation","","",""
"uuid:3a105188-414e-4ca0-9bb2-cb893426ea3e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3a105188-414e-4ca0-9bb2-cb893426ea3e","Integrated Concentrating Solar Facade, Cast glass component,embedded photovoltaic solar cells","Szabó, Ákos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Oikonomopoulou, Faidra (mentor); Turrin, Michela (mentor); Bristogianni, Telesilla (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Glass is one of the most remarkable building material in modern architecture. It has become more and more valued as a major construction material. It does not only provide continuous transparency but it can be applied as a main structural element due to its high load-bearing capacity. The structural system has already been realized in several architecture projects, but it is still limited. The main issue of a fully transparent glass facade is its poor thermal properties which would result a poor indoor environmental quality. Therefore, the current research is focusing on the development of a cast glass component with an integrated solar energy system. The new unit would work as a solar concentrator/ optical device, therefore it redirects the light rays into a certain area. As an implementation of the new unit, Crystal House is used as a case study where the existing glass components are replaced with the new smart bricks. The research has been done several levels with the main aim to create an innovative solar facade that can improve the indoor environmental quality and at the same time it can produce electricity to overcome the additional cooling cost.
has been built up slowly over time around a major market street. The location and urban fabric of Old Manali makes it inherently resilient from the major natural hazards which Manali faces, mainly landslides, avalanches, and earthquakes. However, it is the heritage, alongside the recreational activities which bring tourists to Old Manali. These activities are accommodated by the local inhabitants of Manali, who mainly live in the settlements closer to the river, in New Manali, and by doing so put themselves at risk of landslides. This risk has come about through over development in New Manali. New Manali’s urban belt has expanded into the town’s nature reserve to create access to the Manali highway and The Rohtang Pass beyond. By doing this, New Manali provides and entry point for tourists traveling to Old Manali, with the linking road between the two settlements being continuously occupied with traffic which moves tourist between the two settlements. Here we see a system of Supply and Demand between these two sub regions of Manali. Therefore, the tourism industry has destabilized the resilience of New Manali, through uncontrolled over evelopment, which has led to an environment which is highly susceptible to landslides but also contains living environments which on an everyday basis are detrimental to
the health and safety of the local residents of New Manali. However, it is not tourism itself that is causing these problems, it is the way in which tourism is managed that creates this unsustainable environment. The most notable aspect of this is road traffic. From this analysis, a new station house is proposed, removing the car from the streets of Manali and replacing the link between Old and New with a cable car. It is located in an expanded nature reserve which aims to re-stabilize the ground which leads from the towns urban belt to the river,
preventing landslides. The station house will be constructed from a new typological hybrid which interrelated the building methods of the vernacular Kathkhuni with the typological flexibility of the modern vernacular, allowing it to be adapted from a singular home to a large public building. By doing this, small units will interlink, enabling the construction to be completed by unskilled workers and make it a constructible typology available to all.
This station house acts as a test unit for the reproduction of this typology throughout the valley, enabling the expansion of the cable car system and the hybrid construction system, to renovate unsafe concrete structures. This
transportation system is then connected digitally through the introduction of a digital mobile app, connection people and transport both physically and digitally.","Resiliency; Sustainability; Circularity; Transportation; Kullu; India; Global; Circular Economy; Himalaya; Architecture; Construction; Bamboo; Hemp","en","master thesis","","","","","","Ryan McGaffney is a Scottish architecture graduate with a deep interest in the implementation of sustainable development and resiliency in the built environment. He is a graduate of The Mackintosh School of Architecture, The Glasgow School of Art, Glasgow, United Kingdom, holding a Bachelor of Architecture which he received in 2014. In 2018 he graduated cum laude with honourable mention from TU Delft, The Netherlands with a Master of Science in Architecture, Urbanism, & The Built Environment. He has worked in the field of architecture at Tham & Videgård Arkitekter in Stockholm, Sweden, and Denton Corker Marshall Architects in Melbourne, Australia. - August 2018","","","","","","","Atelier for Resilient Environmental architecture","32.245879, 77.191282"
"uuid:ae9750de-4fb5-4f72-9957-fe1386717d31","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ae9750de-4fb5-4f72-9957-fe1386717d31","DAR: Courtyards and chinampas for urban water management in Dar es Salaam","zum Felde, Mona (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Hörmann, Beke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","van der Hoeven, F.D. (mentor); van Loon, F.D. (mentor); Stellingwerff, M.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The biggest city of Tanzania, Dar es Salaam, faces increasing flood
risk, causing frequent sickness, loss of life, and widespread damage
to property. Dar es Salaam is one of the fastest growing cities in the
world. More than 70% of the residents live in informal settlements.
Many of them are located in flood prone areas like river valleys and
floodplains, which flood annually. Because of their limited coping capacity,
residents are not able to recover from the impacts of this flooding.
Due to the change of precipitation patterns, the flood risk is
likely to increase in the future, putting even more people and assets at
risk during more frequent and intense floods. This graduation project
seeks to answer the main research question: How can urban form
and landscape help to mitigate the effects of floods on citizens in Dar
es Salaam, Tanzania?
For areas with a high density of buildings, multifunctional courtyards
are proposed. The existing building structure is strategically densified,
and filled with new buildings to shape courtyards. Inside, a variety of
interventions reduce the water run-off into the river valley, treat waste
water and generate income via urban agriculture and aquaponic
systems. For the river valley the construction of “chinampas” is being
proposed, which creates a high retention capacity for storm water
while enabling agricultural activities and connectivity across the river
valley throughout the wet and dry seasons. At the edges of the valley,
different interventions are located in order to reduce and clean
run-off water before entering the valley. The combination of spatial
interventions to reduce the flood risk with urban agriculture reduces
the impacts and increases the ability of residents to deal with future
hazards.
The design proposals are supported by a implementation strategy
and complimenting policies which reduce pollution, steer future urban
development and introduce new renting models to host a higher diversity
of lifestyles with different economic abilities.","Africa; Tanzania; Informal Settlement; flood design; urban agriculture; Climate Change; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Design of the Urban Fabric","Urbanism students for Africa","6.7924, 39.2083"
"uuid:dc5938b8-9bfb-41fc-bb4c-e450d357cd79","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dc5938b8-9bfb-41fc-bb4c-e450d357cd79","NeighbourFOOD: Raising food awareness in the future city","Tzavella, Ioanna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Kupers, T.W. (mentor); van der Putt, P.S. (graduation committee); Adema, F. (graduation committee); de Carvalho Filho, L.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The studio that I chose to participate was ‘Dutch Housing: Stronghold Amsterdam’. The topic of this studio as mentioned in its studio manual concerns problems with ecology, climate, overpopulation, mass-migration, a shifting global power balance, changing demographics, etc., cities like Amsterdam will face in the future. But the question is: how do we want to live and what kind of buildings do we need to make that possible? Stated tin the studio’s manual ‘In the Dutch Housing Graduation Studio you will formulate a vision on the future of the city of Amsterdam and design a housing project that exemplifies this vision.’ First of all, my graduation project theme deals with the problem of the lost connection between people and their food and their lack of awareness about how food can shape the urban fabric and people’s lives nowadays. Therefore my projects research question was: How the architecture of a housing complex can contribute to raising of people’s food awareness inside the urban fabric?
Furthermore, by researching different case studies of urban agriculture I came to the conclusion that food production in urban environments is a subject that is closely connected with both social and technical issues. From the research I realized that if future cities need to reach to a level that they are self-sufficient and self-sustained in the case of food supply, people need first to be more conscious about it. That meant for me that people had first to start being more aware about the problem of their lost connection with their food, and when they succeed to be aware about it, then they can move forward to the next step, which is to start creating self-sufficient neighborhoods and dealing with more technical issues. Therefore the most important factor for my design was that of educating people about the food supply problem and urban food production in general. And that could be achieved by having some food-based activities situated in the premises of the building and which have an educational character.","FOOD; urban agriculture; Architecture; Housing; Dwelling; Amsterdam; food production; Urban farming; Greenhouse; Sustainability; High density housing","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","Stonghold Amsterdam","52.3668941,4.922801299999946"
"uuid:0eb47df9-4bd0-4ae1-a582-161e23cb5f6a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0eb47df9-4bd0-4ae1-a582-161e23cb5f6a","Guide to green: Developing a tool that provides insights into the use of message framing for pro-environmental consumer behaviour change","van Hattum, Jessie (TU Delft Applied Sciences; TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","de Vries, G. (mentor); Pesch, U. (graduation committee); Flipse, S.M. (mentor); van der Sanden, M.C.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2018","The goal of this thesis was to ‘develop a tool that offers insights in message framing for behaviour change to improve communication towards customers.’ By using an Design Based Research and Double Diamond approach constant iterations were made between theory and practice to develop a support tool that helps sustainable start-ups to design message frames that stimulate pro-environmental consumer behaviour change. Furture recommendations are to further develop the tool, test the effects, and stimulate more integrated research on the psychology of behaviour change, sustainable behaviour barriers, and framing designs.","Sustainability; Behaviour change; pro-evironmental behaviour; Communication; Interaction Design; Consumer behaviour; Design tool; Social psychology; Integration","en","master thesis","","","","","","Double degree in Industrial Ecology and Science Education and Communication","","","","","","Industrial Ecology","",""
"uuid:2b8e7ba3-4534-45d3-8189-e011b7e1349c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2b8e7ba3-4534-45d3-8189-e011b7e1349c","Prevent the Flood: Creating multi-lateral solutions for a storm water resilient Amsterdam","Oosterom, Marieke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Aalbers, Kristel (mentor); Hausleitner, Birgit (mentor); van den Heuvel, Dirk (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","This graduation project is about the storm water resilience of Amsterdam. The effects of climate change and urban growth, like extreme weather conditions and a larger paved area, cause undesirable conditions regarding storm water resilience of (Dutch) cities. Water nuisance and sewage overflows caused by heavy rainfall occur more and more often. This is undesirable since it may cause dangerous situations related to accessibility, water quality and ecology and it disturbs daily life. Most interventions which are currently used are insufficient as they could address way more sustainable urban aspects at the same time. Therefore, the goal of this graduation project is to make Amsterdam a storm water resilient city, while simultaneously address other local and sustainable urban aspects, in order to create a future-proof city.
Reaching this goal started with an extensive analysis of the current water nuisance in the city. The water nuisance has been explained by several correlations: the correlation between water nuisance and streets with a predominant retail function, and between water nuisance and the most common spatial typology. These correlations form the basis for the chosen strategic design locations: OLVG west on building scale, Javastraat on building (block) scale, Rokin on street scale and Rivierenbuurt on neighbourhood scale. Similar locations are of frequent occurrence in the city and could be transformed in the same way.
The four design sites have been extensively analysed to find out what aspects of that location were in need of improvement, apart from the storm water resilience itself. This analysis has been done on several scales and revealed guidelines for the desirable interventions, related to environmental and socio-economic urban aspects. At Rokin, for example, the high pressure on public space resulted in underground interventions related to storm water resilience and interventions above the surface that provide the human activities of that location. Most of the design components contribute to the stormwater resilience of the city, but address other, additional benefits as well. These additional benefits include both environmental and socio-economic aspects. The designed vegetable garden on the roof of OLVG west, for example, improves the storm water resilience of that location, but creates a recreational facility too.
Implementing interventions on several scales creates a network of interventions that work together. In practise this means that when the storage or infiltration of a design component has been reached, other components should compensate. In this way, interventions on smaller scales can create a network of interventions that functions on the city scale. When the locations similar to the strategic design sites are being transformed too, this network arises. In this way, Amsterdam will become a storm water resilient, future-proof and liveable city.","Storm water resilience; Sustainability; Amsterdam; Multi-lateral solutions; Network design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","52.370216, 4.895168"
"uuid:c92ba2e5-c81b-47fb-9bbf-e225fc408b5d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c92ba2e5-c81b-47fb-9bbf-e225fc408b5d","Gas-free Ramplaankwartier: Spatial Measures for the Implementation of Sustainable Energy in Existing Neighbourhoods","van Amstel, Paul (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Jansen, Sabine (mentor); Tillie, Nico (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Spatial impact of the energy transition is a subject that has not been studied extensively as of now. Developing a spatial plan for a sustainable energy system in an early phase will provide insight in practical and spatial implications that are related to these systems. This is especially relevant in existing neighbourhoods, where the existing context has to be taken into account.
Energy potential mapping already connects energy production to a spatial component, but it remains theoretical and abstract, often until a late stage in the planning process. An additional step should be taken to assess the spatial impact of the renewable energy production and the district energy system through concrete design proposals; creating the “toolbox”. These designs are different based on the technology and the context of the project, but it should always seek for ways to minimise its negative impact or to benefit its surroundings. By doing this, the components of the system becomes tangible and a tool to discover synergies, make decisions, and convince stakeholders. This will not only improve the feasibility of the project, but also the quality of the final product.","Sustainability; District heating; Energy Systems; Renewable energy; Existing neighbourhoods","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:6d6f1d71-4fce-4354-8359-b7782ada4be5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6d6f1d71-4fce-4354-8359-b7782ada4be5","Dordrecht Floodscapes: Towards the Amphibious City","Sachsamanoglou, Maria (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Loon, F.D. (mentor); Aalbers, K.P.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The aim of this project is to explore the possibilities of establishing a new relationship between water and the city of Dordrecht, aiming towards a sustainable future. In one of the lowest parts of the Netherlands, increasingly threatened by climate change and cloudburst flooding, the feasibility of a stormwater management plan is explored, intertwined with urban life through solutions such as inundation parks and floodable zones, seasonal buffers, watersquares and visible waterlines. Drawing inspiration from precedents such as the Copenhagen climate adaptation strategies, the island of Dordrecht can stand up to future challenges, through a water-resilient landscape architecture that succeeds a shift of attitude towards sustainable practices, but also strengthens the identity of Dordrecht as an attractive, historic watercity, designed to work with water, rather than against it. Water, here, becomes an agent able to transform the city into an adaptive, amphibious spatial entity, that can offer alternative urban experiences.
Focusing in the area of the 19th century Schil, the city is organized through a system of buffers and waterlines, using existing or new public spaces or parts of
the urban infrastructure. The traditional enclosed courtyard, the “hofje”, plays
a key role together with private gardens and watersquares, being the main water
collectors and leading stormwater to an inundation park through a maze
of waterlines. Visible flooding processes and above-ground waterbodies compose
an everchanging landscape, a space with infinite faces and atmospheres,
highlighting the dynamic nature of Dordrecht and bringing experience to the forefront.","Amphibious; Floodscape; Water; Cloudburst flooding; Climate adaptation; Sustainability; Network; Multifunctionality; Adaptability; Experience; Attitude shift; Urban life; Public space","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Landscape Architecture","Flowscapes Studio","51.809237, 4.668073"
"uuid:9d57a7a4-fe23-4c68-ace5-7befce6f6c96","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9d57a7a4-fe23-4c68-ace5-7befce6f6c96","Bold Cities: Building a decision-making supportive tool through exploration of BOLD methods to assess sustainability in landscape architecture projects","Gualinetti, Francesco (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Management in the Built Environment)","Koutamanis, Alexander (mentor); Ersoy, Aksel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Projects of re-use of underused infrastructures to design sustainable urban landscape architecture represent a great contribution to meet the need for sustainability cities are experiencing today. Urban administrators often strive for a successful realization of such projects, to give a social and economic power impulse to poorly performant neighbourhoods. In some cases, though, a balance between the three dimensions of sustainability (environmental, social and economic) is a hard matter to achieve. Indeed, in some occasions, the neighbourhood-boosting role takes over, leading to the establishment of mechanisms that might only partially work from a sustainable viewpoint. Big Open Linked Data (BOLD) methods are offering new opportunities to design decision-making models for urban planning and management. The combination of social media, census, sensors and traditional data gives a new perspective to solve modern urban challenges through a holistic and inclusive approach. Compared to the mere use of traditional sources, BOLD methods rely on a bigger-scale, more accurate, real-time, data set. In this research, BOLD potential is explored to estimate the extent to which it can help solving the described urban issue. Therefore, the research question can be addressed as follows: How can BOLD help city planners and managers determining the real-time and holistic impact on social, environmental and economic dynamics in projects of re-use of obsolete or underused infrastructures? How could these projects enhance sustainable benefits without neglecting the positive economic and social impact for the neighbourhood? An in-depth literature study on public parks and brownfield redevelopments can help setting criteria and variables related to sustainability. For each of these variables, it is established whether a BOLD approach could bring more satisfactory results on a selected case study, the High Line Park, in New York. The final product is a framework that serves as decision-making supportive tool, to assess through BOLD and traditional data combined the way these aspects of sustainability connect to each other in such projects. Finally, the framework is tested and adapted to a case study in Rotterdam, the Hofbogen viaduct redevelopment. This case study in the Netherlands is not only useful to test the validity of the framework built in a different context, but it serves the purpose of solving the main problem concerning this case study: social sustainability. Indeed, the framework is used to improve this aspect thorough the next phases of the redevelopment, defining a frame for both project and neighbourhood assessment and inclusive participatory model for all stakeholders involved.","BOLD cities; Urban regeneration; Sustainability; Big Data; Landscape architecture; Re-use of infrastructures","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:a7026ba3-ea3e-40d4-af0f-4a73c5de31fa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a7026ba3-ea3e-40d4-af0f-4a73c5de31fa","Buried Heritage: Transformation of Het Stedelijk","Admiraal, Jessica (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Roos, J. (mentor); Quist, W.J. (graduation committee); Stroux, S.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Het Stedelijk is a highschool which is situated in Zutphen, at the northern border of the neighborhood Nieuwstad. Due to its height, shape and materialisation, the building stands out of its contexts and function as a border between the neighborhood and the park, which is behind the building. More highschools are situated in this area, which makes the area active during weekdays, but not active in the evenings and the weekends. This project is focused on the transformation of Het Stedelijk, to re-activate the area and connect the neighborhood with the park again.","Heritage & Architecture; Re-use; Zutphen; Netherlands; student housing; Hotel; Sustainability; Gelderland","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Heritage & Architecture","Zutphen, sustainable city","52.145117, 6.199781"
"uuid:86a7c909-e87c-41b9-9a1d-4f0bc51c9524","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:86a7c909-e87c-41b9-9a1d-4f0bc51c9524","Climate responsive facade system with translucent PCM","Solarino, Laura (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Tenpierik, M.J. (mentor); Konstantinou, T. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The European Union has approved the Energy Performance of Building Directive, requesting all new building to be near Zero Energy by 2020. This has created challenges and opportunities in the building sector, encouraging the creation of new solutions, which are both energy efficient and environmental friendly. Between many possible explored options, smart materials and adaptive facades are raising the interest of engineers and architects for the high potential they seem to present. In fact, the application of phase change materials in facades have been proved to be a possible solution for energy demand reduction in buildings.
In the last twenty years these materials have been applied to several components of the building, but it is only in recent times that experimentation with the translucency of some of these materials has been starting to be integrated into windows and other transparent facade elements. Translucent phase change materials in facades open a huge range of potential options and experimentation, but still need to be further explored to analyse and evaluate their full applicability in buildings.
This graduation project consists of a climate adaptive facade system with integrated translucent to opaque phase change materials, optimised for reduced energy consumption and improved indoor thermal and visual comfort. The final design consists of a modular facade system which allows the achievement of indoor comfort throughout the year with free cooling while achieving a total energy saving of 39%.
A final evaluation has been carried out to verify the overall performance, by assessing: applicability in different climates, orientations and economic feasibility. Finally, based on the knowledge collected through the research and design, some general guidelines have been given by formulating a basic stepped strategy for PCM application in facades.
My effort was focused in the field of fashion due programmatic relevancy to Maastricht and due to my own very personal motivation of finding ways to challenge current unsustainable fashion production and consumption reality. Programmatic core of the project consisted of the argument for a more sustainable production and challenging unethical outsourcing practices that define everyday fashion that we wear.
The project is an effort of finding a new typology for post-industrial factory for fashion. The meaning of the project stemmed from proposing a new architectural typology that will be representative and cel¬ebratory of future of sustainable Fashion Production.
The typology of a palace as a festive and representative public interior has been chosen as starting point to devise the new kind of Factory. The building merges the Factory and Palatial aspects. The palace is represented by the internal circulation that creates an interior public sequence, consisting of vestibule, cortile, break space, large public greenhouse courtyard, foyer and finishes with a garden (river promentade). The factory aspects were incorporated in the material expression that foremost catered to the possibility of the very large building being built cheaply yet sustainably.
Amsterdam has a shortage of affordable houses for starters. During the crisis Amsterdam has hardly built new dwelling projects. At the same time Amsterdam has become increasingly popular in recent years. Therefore, the demand for housing is enormous. Due to the overheated housing market, it has become almost impossible for starters to find an affordable property in Amsterdam. Also private rent has risen enormously. In addition, there is no progress in social housing. The position of the starters is getting worse and that does not benefit diversity for a 'socially healthy' city. Densification of the city and more efficient living are the solution for a future liveable city. Therefore, one must think about the efficiency of a dwelling. With the high square meters price in Amsterdam, compact apartments could be the solution to create affordable houses for starters.
This graduation project focuses on these affordable compact apartments and the common facilities that come with it. The project has a strong urban context in the inner city of Amsterdam, at the Groenmarkt. This is an area with a high potential with a quay along the Singelgracht and space for a new beautiful square.
• a new design methodology: design for managing obsolescence;
• five new design methods and two typologies in support of managing obsolescence;
• insight into (the factors determining) how and when to best apply these methods;
• insight into where and in collaboration with whom to apply these methods in the product innovation process.","design; circular economy; methodology; managing obsolescence; circular business model; Sustainability; preserving product integrity","en","doctoral thesis","","9789082873603","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:1d55b704-85d1-4e38-8719-cb0f9483955a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1d55b704-85d1-4e38-8719-cb0f9483955a","Factory for Good","Tsui, Tanya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Smit, M.J. (mentor); van der Zaag, E.J. (mentor); Peck, David (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","This thesis explores the potential to use factories as sources of water and energy for peri-urban industrian contexts in developing countries. The project is situated in Bandung, Indonesia, on the border wall of a large textile factory surrounded by informal settlements. The project transforms the wall of the factory into a public facility that consists of a public toilet, food market, and factory worker housing. The facility produces energy in the form of biogas, and filters waste water from the toilet for it to be reused by the factory.","Factory; Sustainability; decentralized Infrastructure; Water treatment; peri urban areas","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Intecture","",""
"uuid:daa5de2a-71dd-414c-9186-3dc1e94571a7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:daa5de2a-71dd-414c-9186-3dc1e94571a7","Aesthetics of Sustainable Architecture: The home through life","Klein Horsman, Maud (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The contemporary architecture is often based on our usual methods of energy-focused sustainable buildings. These seem to strive toward excessive insulation and mechanical ventilation to create a sustainable building. It is driven by adding technical measures later in the project rather than creating sustainable architecture. In this report I designed a home which goes beyond the usual methods. The design is based on the Japanase architecture. It is a building that reduces the demand of energy in a less superficial way than most of the contemporary architecture.","Sustainability; Japanese architecture; Minimalism; modular architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:82122df0-d897-4768-92be-1b0aae347015","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:82122df0-d897-4768-92be-1b0aae347015","Sustainifying the Infrastructure Industry: Identifying Success Factors to implement sustainability into infrastructure projects","van Es, Frank (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Molaei, M. (mentor); Hertogh, M.J.C.M. (graduation committee); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Passtoors, J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Sustainability is becoming an increasingly important aspect of the infrastructure industry, however, incorporating it has proven to be troublesome. As such, this thesis focussed on identifying success factors that influence the implementation process of sustainability from idea up to and including the tendering phase for public infrastructure projects.","Sustainability; Success Factors; Infrastructure Industry; Implementation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:d46800ab-7070-41e2-9634-ca02b2f053f8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d46800ab-7070-41e2-9634-ca02b2f053f8","Adaptive Planning for Sustainable WASH: A cross-cultural research","Versteeg, Niki (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van de Walle, B.A. (graduation committee); Hermans, L.M. (mentor); Ertsen, M.W. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","This research emerged from the need to improve the Netherlands’ contribution to international water and sanitation service delivery. Over the previous two decades these serviced were not found to be sufficient sustainable according to the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs (2013). This thesis researches how development aid organisations can contribute to sustainable WASH services by looking to the strategic planning process.
In this research an adaptive planning approach is designed to contribute to long-term sustainable WASH services. It is a systematic step-wise pro-active approach where planners need to think beforehand of ways a plan might fail and design adaptation actions to guard against such failure. An adaptive planning approach has been adapted for sustainable WASH services and consist of three systematic steps:(1) defining the impact and critical assumptions of the WASH programme, (2) defining relevant uncertainties by using contextual scenarios, and (3) defining adaptation actions and the timing of the actions.
The content and the applicability of the adaptive planning approach for long-term sustainable WASH has been examined during this research in the context of Bangladesh. To examine the approach a single case study is used. In this research multiple research methods have been applied to improve the reliability and validity of the findings, but also to capture different perspectives on this topic. First by means of an adaptive planning workshop in the Netherlands with WASH experts from the Dutch NGO Simavi and sequential by means of a field-research in Bangladesh, including interviews with local project stakeholders and field-trips.
It can be concluded that WASH experts in the Netherlands and the project stakeholders in Bangladesh reacted differently on the three systematic steps of the adaptive planning approach for sustainable WASH. The indirectly involved project stakeholders - WASH experts - found it easy to question project assumptions and to identify critical assumptions for the project failure but could not propose specific adaptation actions. The directly involved project stakeholder - local project stakeholders in Bangladesh - found it more difficult to criticize and reassess project assumptions, but they defined feasible adaptation actions.
It can be argued that ‘misrepresentation’ of critical assumptions of the project created hazard to all sequential steps of the adaptive planning approach for long-term sustainable WASH services.
Purposely defining scenarios of success and gloss over the potential for failure, conflicts with the pro-active adaptive planning approach to define adaptation actions at the begin of the project. Therefore, it is questionable whether all systematic steps of the approach serve the interest of all project stakeholders. This makes that the adaptive planning approach, as it is designed now, does not contribute to long-term sustainable WASH services in environments where project incentives are on benefits and not on robustness.
Based on the findings of this research, it can be recommended that different components of the adaptive planning approach for long-term sustainable WASH services should be practices by different involved parties.
This graduation project and research focusses on how the built environment can be used in order to foster awareness and consciousness about sustainability and nudge people towards a sustainable mindset.","Housing; Amsterdam; Sustainability; Sustainable; Voluntary Simplicity; Compact housing; Collaborative housing; Collective housing; Manifesto; Architecture","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","52.366910, 4.924127"
"uuid:512b19ad-188a-4d16-a64b-98a12b6bb68d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:512b19ad-188a-4d16-a64b-98a12b6bb68d","Grow. Feed. Educate: Sustainable farming growing naturally over time","Lazar, Lorena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nottrot, Robert (mentor); van der Meel, Hubert (mentor); van de Pas, Roel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Following the model of collective farming of the Soviet Union, Romania’s agricultural sector was transformed during communism in Agricultural Cooperatives for Production. In the period 1949 – 1962, the country’s agricultural land was collectivized in such state-owned cooperations. The project ended up failing and leaving the country’s sector of agriculture in a very unproductive state. The fall of this regime in 1989 has left the newly privatized farms abandoned and in need of redevelopment. The typology is present all throughout the country, in almost every commune. By creating a redevelopment strategy for a farm in the South of Romania, in the village of Cojasca, this whole new design can serve as example for other farms throughout the country. For the redevelopment strategy, sustainability was the keyword, with the design addressing its three main area: social sustainability (high mix of functions), sustainability in agriculture & farming (principles of permaculture) and sustainability in construction (low-impact materials and passive design).","Farming; Sustainability; Redevelopment; Permaculture; Low-impact materials; Natural materials; Embodied energy; Passive design; Heritage; Romania; Explore Lab","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:850fed25-e62a-4991-89b3-3cb5ede6e727","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:850fed25-e62a-4991-89b3-3cb5ede6e727","Turning noise-barriers into sustainable energy systems: A full approach from experimental data to energy and cost modeling with a focus on urban wind","Vilarasau Amoros, Andrea (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","van Wijk, A.J.M. (mentor); Chrysochoidis-Antsos, N. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Current urban systems have a linear metabolism; they rely on imported resources, which are used inefficiently, and they produce waste flows. Urban areas can become productive and not only consumptive if a well-planned distributed energy system is implemented. Switching to renewables, however, means rethinking today’s urban landscape entirely. Decisions made for the future need to be built on a robust understanding of urban energy systems. There is a need to bring creative perspectives to include local potentials into urban planning and study the energetic gaps and opportunities that can foster a circular metabolism.
This thesis presents a modular energy generation system with an innovative noise-barrier integration feature. This novel concept, formally known as the Energy Wall, is designed to capture the local wind and solar energy resources of urban areas and transform them for urban use while exploiting the benefits of reusing existing urban stock. This paper embarks on a comprehensive assessment of the potential of this system taking a full approach from experimental data to energy and cost modeling. A study area located in Delft, the Netherlands, has provided a solid basis for this research. The base-case Energy Wall module in this area generates per year almost enough energy to supply the annual demand of a residential household. To account for the great diversity of urban environments, the energy supplied by the system is investigated in different scenarios with varying local characteristics. A number of cost reduction opportunities have been identified increasing the appeal of noise-barrier integration. Despite this, the small-wind system faces economic burdens hindering its profitability. Field measurements from sonic anemometers are employed to investigate the wind concentrator effect of a noise-barrier showing an acceleration effect up to 30% depending on flow perpendicularity. The robustness of current vertical wind profile scaling techniques is tested to gauge its reliability within the urban boundary layer. Results have underscored important gaps in the theory of near-surface wind speed prediction methods. The higher complexity and uncertainty of urban wind energy generation has given this research a special focus on understanding why this technology has lagged behind over the recent years and, most importantly, what steps should be taken to change this situation.","Sustainability; Urban integration; Renewable energy; Urban wind; circular cities","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology","",""
"uuid:4a4629c4-990f-4737-8b22-eae97d9c8cb2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4a4629c4-990f-4737-8b22-eae97d9c8cb2","Future proof buildings: Sustainable refurbishment of 1960’s high rise residential flats.","de Rouw, Jordy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van den Ham, Eric (mentor); Bergsma, Arie (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The built environment has an important role to play in sustainable development. The Dutch government estimates that the build environment is responsible for 50% of resources used, 40% energy use, 30% of water use, 35% of CO2 production and 40% of the total waste production in the Netherlands. Because of these relatively high numbers, changes in the build environment can have large impact on the sustainability of our society.
At this moment about a hundred thousand dwellings built during the 1960 -1970 are reaching the age of 50 each year making more than 50% of the Dutch building stock older than 50 years. In the current Dutch building stock, only a small portion of new buildings is added every year. At the current rate of 0.4% it would take 250 years before all buildings would be renewed. The average lifetime of a residential building is 50 years. This can be extended another 50 years with the right intervention. It is therefore very important to have a solid strategy to deal with existing buildings as this can play an important role in maintaining a high-quality building stock while working towards sustainable goals.
This thesis looks at the challenges of high rise residential flats built in the post- WW2 era of the 1960’s in order to develop a refurbishment method that can help to upgrade and maintain these types of buildings in a sustainable way. By keeping the buildings instead of demolishing or replacing them resources and energy can be spared and by refurbishing them a more sustainable building stock can be achieved.
The chosen refurbishment method is an add-on strategy as this deals with many challenges the flats are facing. Using the parameters from the case study project the Leeuwerik flat in the Poptahof, add-on variants have been designed with big emphasis on flexibility, demount ability and durability. The Add-ons aim to improve the physical building qualities by providing better thermal performance. They improve the spatial qualities by providing extra space and they improve the social quality of a building by provide a new and more diversified look.
The three main add-on variants are categorised by material namely wood, concrete and FRP. The add-ons have been detailed to be completely prefabricated and to be quickly mounted on the building. The performance of each of the addons has been assessed in order to compare them and to find out what the influence is of the material choice on add-on dimensions, the thermal performance the and the environmental performance.
Overall it can be concluded that using a demountable add-on strategy is a feasible way to quickly refurbish a building. It offers a way to deal with existing building physical problems and can improve the architectural and spatial qualities of an existing building. Different add-on types and construction materials and are possible. This leaves a lot of space for designers that want to use the demountable add-on strategy while working on a refurbishment project of a high rise residential building to make their own choices depending on the focus of the project, giving each building a unique appearance. This will lead to a higher quality and more sustainable building stock in the long run.
future?’ and ‘what do our cities need?’”
To answer this question, I asked myself what kind of problems Amsterdam will face in the future in order to be able to answer the first question, what will Amsterdam need in the future. There are numerous issues that the future city have to deal with, and my approach was that if a city focuses on food production within the urban fabric, it can at the same time tackle a lot of other
issues in different fields as energy, rainwater management and reusing resources. When focusing on food production in the city, you encounter two sides of this topic. There is a technical side and a social side. In my research and design I stress this twofold. The project is about combining these two elements, using technology to make the food production as efficient as possible and incorporating the social aspects of food production to increase the livability of
residents and the people visiting. To let these two elements profit from each other, the dwellers of the green and the green of the dwellers, was the challenge of the design.
I designed the dwellings for the project, a public ground floor, I designed the green house and a huge conservatory coffering these elements, saying that this is the part where all these elements come together. The main design question became how this conservatory can truthfully become the part that brings the project together. An other design focus point became the relation between inside and oudside, making the transition very gradually.","Housing; Amsterdam; high density housing; food production; Greenhouse; Urban farming; Sustainability; Conservatory","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","52.369755, 4.877087"
"uuid:3bdf85b6-3e19-476d-938f-b58bf9386c30","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3bdf85b6-3e19-476d-938f-b58bf9386c30","Sustainable Sport Venue Design: A design proposal for a demountable temporary Olympic arena, optimized for a post-event use in steel construction.","Dorst, Felix (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Bokel, Regina (mentor); Bergsma, Arie (mentor); Cavallo, Roberto (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","A design strategy for an temporary Olympic arena optimized for a post-event use in steel construction has been researched. Three strategies have been considered, namely relocation, adaptation en up-cycling. A research by design was conducted with a parametric model, where two optimized designs have been compared. Applying several reuse strategies increases material use, but also increases the number of reusable members in a steel construction.","Sustainability; Reuse; Circular Economy; Sustainable sport venue; Steel construction","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:bd8090bf-47ff-45be-88cc-2168ac4609b5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bd8090bf-47ff-45be-88cc-2168ac4609b5","Sustainable structural design of high-rise: Life-cycle assessment of main load bearing structures of high-rise buildings in the Netherlands","Lankhorst, Gerran (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Materials- Mechanics- Management & Design)","Terwel, Karel (mentor); Nijsse, Rob (graduation committee); Jonkers, Henk (graduation committee); Arts, J (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","High-rise buildings are a potential solution to the environmental impact caused by the built environment and the increasing demand for space in urban areas. As recent developments focus on reducing the impact by operational energy (OE) (heating, cooling, hot water and ventilation during use phase), impact by the embodied energy (EE) (production, construction, maintenance and demolition of materials) becomes increasingly significant. Structural materials account for the biggest part of embodied carbon (EC) in buildings. The number of studies that address the environmental impact of high-rise building structures has grown only recently, research is still limited. Moreover, it is doubtful to which extent these researches are applicable to the Netherlands.
This thesis aims to provide insight in the environmental impact of structural systems for high-rise buildings of 150, 200 and 250 meters in the Netherlands. Five different stability and three floor different systems were designed in cast-in-situ concrete, prefab concrete and steel. All of the models contained a concrete core. 2-dimensional static linear calculations were performed in order to determine the cross-sections and reinforcement.
Through parametric modelling, an automated design and analysis work-flow was developed and a total number of 146 models was assessed. The environmental impact was calculated by using the fast track life-cycle analysis (LCA) method. A cradle-to-gate analysis (production phase only, A1-3) was performed by using data from the Nationale Milieu Database (National Environmental Database) (NMD) and steel data from Bouwen met Staal, which contain the environmental impact for multiple impact categories, measured in environmental cost (shadow price). The construction and demolition phases were left out of scope.
It was found that all steel structures had a 6% to 35% higher cradle-to-gate environmental impact compared to concrete structures with the same stability and floor system. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the cradle-to-gate impacts of cast-in-situ and prefab concrete models. Differences in impact between the materials are likely to be affected by inclusion of the construction phase (A4-5) and foundation structure. It is expected that the gap in environmental impact between steel and concrete is reduced by inclusion of these aspects. Floors were responsible for 32% up to 73% of the total environmental impact.
Regarding the stability systems, results showed that, when subjected to wind loads, systems with axially loaded elements scored significantly better than systems with elements loaded in bending. The outrigger structure decreased the total environmental impact of the concrete models by 5% to 16% and 20% to 26% of the steel models, compared to the tube structure. The braced tube only decreased the impact for the 200 and 250 meter models, with 7% to 12%, compared to the tube structures. The diagrid structure had the best performance at all heights and reduced the environmental impact by 17% to 28% for concrete and 28% to 41% for steel models, compared to the tube structures.","Sustainability; Structural Design; sustainable structural design; high-rise buildings; Life Cycle Assessment; parametric approach; Parametric design; embodied energy; stability system","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:96966266-d7ce-41bf-9521-c7a7a5046e35","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:96966266-d7ce-41bf-9521-c7a7a5046e35","Food Island: Creating a Resilient Food System for the AMA","Leung, Ranee (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Zhou, Yixiao (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Rodríguez Salcedo, Cristian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); von Meijenfeldt, Charlotte (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); van Marrewijk, Franka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Governments and private and non-profit organisations from international to local levels have acknowledged the idea that more sustainable systems are required to reduce our ecological footprint (WWF, 2016, Jonkhoff, 2012). The food system is a very important aspect within our lives, socially as well as economically but it is also one of the most important causes of unsustainability. The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (AMA), a key player within the global food sector, is also working to a more sustainable system with their focus on a circular economy. This research outlines the fact that in order to reach a more sustainable economy, there should also be an emphasis on resilience. In analyzing the region, there were several dependencies highlighted within the food system. Within the aspects of production, retail and end of life, each are dependent on a handful of controlling and dominating stakeholders as well as unsustainable and uncircular practices. Thus, there is a heavy emphasis on the food system needing to adapt and change to growing demands and trends.
This led to our research question of, How can the food system become more resilient in the AMA to promote a sustainable circular economy? In our research, scenario planning and weather mapping were used to showcase and locate feasible opportunities for our goals and strategies within the AMA. The primary strategies to create resiliency within the food system were to decentralize, diversify and connect aspects related to various urban and agri-food trends. This project envisions a decentralized system that contains a dense network of diverse and independent stakeholders with localized sustainable projects. There is also an emphasis on creating smaller and shorter connections within the chain.This includes incorporating and empowering various smaller stakeholders and actors with positive incentives but also restricting dominating stakeholders with policies and regulations. In addition, through the creation of more transparency through integrated and multiscaled design solutions, this will increase awareness and promote healthy and sustainable practices within the system. Food island encourages a thriving circular economy that is resilient and thus more sustainable.
Residential energy demand and renewable energy supply are both intermittent; the demand profile depends on several aspects like the inhabitants, the physical properties of a building and the outdoor climate. Renewable energy supply is intermittent because it can only occur when the intermittent renewable energy source, e.g. the sun, is present.
So, the intermittencies of supply and demand depend on different aspects, hence cause a mismatch. This mismatch must be solved. Energy-flat buildings are a potential solution to this problem. To diminish the problem of energy mismatch on a residential level, dwellings will have to be able to adapt the demand to supply and vice versa. The research presented in this thesis explores the potential of architectural design in eliminating the on-site energy mismatch. In other words, the potential of energy-flat buildings.
First, three key-performance indicators for energy-flatness are defined and a dynamic energy simulation model is set-up using Grasshopper Honeybee software. With this tool, the energy-flat performance of several designs can be quantified and analysed. Then, the current mismatch of residential energy in a reference design is determined. Thereafter, the effect of building parameters on the energy-flat performance of a design is researched. The results of this parameter study are then used to design an energy-flat building. The knowledge gained by this design-by-research approach is bundled in a toolbox, which serves as a guide for architectural designers.
It is found that the heat balance should be considered first when aiming for energy-flatness, rather than the electricity balance. The nine building parameters researched, all significantly influence the energy-flatness by affecting different elements of the heat balance. An adaptive approach in terms of daily and seasonal differences is required for almost all parameters to achieve the best energy-flat performance. The largest challenges for energy-flatness are the lack of supply potential at night, lower solar power in winter combined with lower outdoor temperatures and the unpredictability of both energy demand and energy supply in short time intervals. The toolbox that is created provides effective energy-flat design principles.
Moreover, it is concluded that architectural design can significantly contribute, but not completely solve the mismatch of residential energy demand and supply. The performance of building installations is essential for achieving energy-flatness, but it is only partly researched in this thesis because these building installations lie beyond its scope.
Lastly, it is concluded that energy-flat buildings theoretically can be the solution to the (inter)national energy balancing challenge, but it is preferable to distribute the challenge over multiple levels of the system. The relevance of energy-flatness will change in the future, depending on the development of energy storage technologies and the share of renewable energy production.
Altogether, the architecture of a building can significantly influence its energy-flatness and the concept of energy-flatness will contribute to effective use of local renewable energy.
The thesis exists out of three parts. The first part includes the literature study that forms the basis of the later designed approach and roadmap. This literature identifies the available energy sources and technologies that can be used to match the demands with the supplies and an analysis the existing methodologies. The approach for the energy transition of Dutch municipalities is defined in part II.
This approach exists out of 8 steps; starting with the analysis of vision and targets. Followed by the status quo/the starting point. In the next step the local energy potentials are determined, resulting in a scenario for the energy transition of a certain city. Finally the roadmap is designed. In the last part of this thesis the approach is implemented to the roadmap towards energy neutral Delft.This results in an proposal for the energy systems and interventions.
On basis of the results there is concluded that by working through all scales while defining the energy systems and interventions according to the local characteristics and energy potentials an integrated and realistic roadmap towards an energy neutral built environment in 2050 is designed for the city Delft; at the same time the designed approach can also help other municipalities to achieve their energy transition goals.
This thesis hopes to make a contribution to the energy transition of Dutch municipalities in order to achieve their transition goals by making the design process of the roadmap more concrete with clear steps and tools and the case study for the city Delft.","Sustainability; Climate Change; Fossil fuels; Energy Transition; Energy Neutral; Renewable Energy; Energy Systems; Roadmap; Delft","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology","",""
"uuid:fc9cf2a9-1f8d-4a04-9837-5c75ec348cb3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fc9cf2a9-1f8d-4a04-9837-5c75ec348cb3","Understanding Consumers' Responses to Bio-based Packaging","Garcia Arias, Sandra (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Creusen, Marielle (graduation committee); Magnier, Lise (mentor); Schoormans, Jan (graduation committee); Vandewal, Frank (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Packaging made from renewable sources has become more important in our society every day. Bio-based packaging is a sustainable alternative to petrochemical plastic packaging since it reduces the dependency on fossil fuel resources and lowers CO2 emissions. Tetra Pak has recently introduced the bio-based package in the market. Tetra Pak’s bio-based packaging uses wood to produce the carton and sugarcane to produce the plastic coatings of the package and the cap. However, they want to know consumers’ opinions about bio-based packaging, and how to best communicate this concept on drinks packaging. This graduation research project shows the results of two studies carried out in the Netherlands on beverage cartons with bio-based plastic. The first study is based on a qualitative approach which discusses consumers’ preconceptions and perceptions on beverage cartons with bio-based plastic. A second study is an experimental approach which tests what kind of informational cues (logos, infographics, and storytelling) better represent the concept in terms of clarity, understanding, and attractiveness on the package. It was identified in this project that consumers lack knowledge in sustainable packaging alternatives, especially bio-based packaging. Most of the consumers find the bio-based term confusing and abstract. However, in this study consumers have shown their willingness to contribute to the environmental impact and willingness to purchase bio-based packaging alternatives once they understand the concept. Finally, this project offers theoretical and practical implications for the company Tetra Pak. To have a clear understanding of what the concept is, words that consumers can easily understand should be used to describe the bio-based concept such as plant-based package or package made of renewable resources. In addition, information displayed on the package should emphasize the amount of bio-based material used on the package to enhance consumers’ trust in the brand. Lastly, the correct disposal of the package should be emphasized to consumers to avoid confusions.","Bio-based packaging; Sustainability; Consumer responses","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","","","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:f3ed34e0-7e3b-4091-96ac-c250e7bd4c11","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f3ed34e0-7e3b-4091-96ac-c250e7bd4c11","Aesthetics of Sustainable Architecture: The duality of living & working in a life-cycle proof house","Yalvaç, Fikri (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, Sang (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","This was a project based seminar to explore the aesthetic potentials of sustainability in architecture. Sustainability is a very broad notion and can vary depending on the context and local environmental condition. Aesthetics is quite subjective and usually a personal matter. The seminar was an exercise to explore and research how to integrate aesthetic qualities in an environmental conscious way. The assignment was open for all possible assumptions such as location, energy and water supply of the grid and the hypothetical scenario of the client.","Vernacular architecture; Climate design; Sustainability; Lifestyles","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:cb1405d4-b6ce-475a-93c7-e77ee0b6fb94","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cb1405d4-b6ce-475a-93c7-e77ee0b6fb94","Aesthetics of sustainable architecture: A small house concept","Roijers, Bas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","In order to reduce the ecological imprint on the earth, a concept proposal was designed regarding a minimalistic house partly based on literature. It contains a proposal that takes cooling, heating, providing food and smart water usage in regard.","Sustainability; Housing; Minimalistic","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:6ab0269d-291e-47ae-a735-3c34cd2ebae6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6ab0269d-291e-47ae-a735-3c34cd2ebae6","Circular Cities: Mapping Six Cities in Transition","Prendeville, S.M. (TU Delft Circular Product Design; Loughborough University London); Cherim, Emma (External organisation); Bocken, N.M.P. (TU Delft Circular Product Design)","","2018","Urbanisation and climate change are urging cities to chart novel paths towards sustainable futures. Many cities are turning to the alluring 'circular economy' (CE) concept to guide this redirection. The CE concept re-imagines how flows of resources moving through economies might be 'closed'. Here, we explore this new 'circular city' agenda by asking: How are cities adopting CE as a strategy?. We found that political leadership, building adaptable future visions, using experimental approaches (such as living labs), developing contextual knowledge about resource use, and engaging with diverse stakeholders to be important. However, we also expose that there is a lack of consensus on what a circular city constitutes and a need to further untangle the how and why of the circular city concept. The research contributes to the field by outlining emergent cases, identifying a set of common policy strategies, conceptualising a circular city and identifying areas for future research.","Circular economy; Cities; Sharing economy; Sustainability; Transitions; Urban environmentalism","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted author manuscript","","2020-03-09","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:5db1a681-1666-4227-a0f9-2f541db69716","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5db1a681-1666-4227-a0f9-2f541db69716","Environmental and exergetic sustainability assessment of power generation from biomass","Stougie, L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Tsalidis, G.A. (TU Delft Energy Technology); van der Kooi, H.J. (TU Delft Reservoir Engineering); Korevaar, G. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie)","","2018","Power generation from biomass is mentioned as a means to make our society more sustainable as it decreases greenhouse gas emissions of fossil origin and reduces the dependency on finite energy carriers, such as coal, oil and natural gas. When assessing the sustainability of power generation from biomass, it is important to consider the supply chain of the used biofuel by conducting a life cycle assessment of the system. Besides regular sustainability assessments, such as the calculation of the environmental sustainability, attention should be paid to exergy losses, i.e. the loss of 'energy quality', caused by the system as a whole, because every process and activity is accompanied with the loss of exergy and because the amount of exergy on earth can only be replenished by capturing new exergy from solar and tidal energy. This research compares the use of livestock manure and verge grass for power generation by assessing the systems from an environmental as well as an exergetic life cycle point of view. The assessed systems are the following: combustion of bioethanol from the fermentation of verge grass, combustion of substitute natural gas from anaerobic digestion of cow and pig manure and combustion of substitute natural gas from supercritical water gasification of cow and pig manure. The environmental sustainability is assessed by calculating ReCiPe endpoint indicators and the exergetic sustainability is assessed by applying the relatively new Total Cumulative Exergy Loss (TCExL) method. The TCExL method considers all exergy losses caused by a technological system during its life cycle, i.e. the internal exergy loss caused by the conversion of materials and energy, the abatement of emissions and the exergy loss related to land use. In addition to comparing the three systems as well as both assessment methods, the influence of taking into account the system's by-products as 'avoided products' and via 'allocation' on the assessment results is investigated. The bioethanol system appears more sustainable from an environmental sustainability point of view, while the bioethanol and supercritical water gasification systems are preferred from an exergetic sustainability point of view. The indicator of the environmental sustainability assessment is highly influenced by the way of taking into account by-products, while the exergetic sustainability indicator is not.","Biomass; Life cycle assessment; Power generation; Sustainability; Total cumulative exergy loss","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:a41cee9a-e9f0-46ce-b2c9-e481c0309203","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a41cee9a-e9f0-46ce-b2c9-e481c0309203","Environmental, economic and exergetic sustainability assessment of power generation from fossil and renewable energy sources","Stougie, L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Giustozzi, N. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie; Università degli Studi di Padova); van der Kooi, H.J. (TU Delft Reservoir Engineering); Stoppato, Anna (Università degli Studi di Padova)","","2018","Energy conversion systems have assumed a crucial role in current society. The threat of climate change, fossil fuel depletion and the growing world energy demand ask for a more sustainable way of electricity production, eg, by using renewable energy sources, by improving the conversion efficiency and/or by controlling power plant emissions. Despite the relationship between exergy and sustainability stated in literature, exergy losses are usually not considered when comparing systems and energy sources for power generation. The exergetic sustainability assessment method named Total Cumulative Exergy Loss (TCExL) has been used to assess several systems for electricity production, ie, a coal-fired power plant, a coal-fired power plant including carbon capture and storage, a biomass-fired power plant, an offshore wind farm and a photovoltaic park. The results of the TCExL method have been compared with an environmental sustainability indicator, ie, the overall ReCiPe endpoint indicator and the economic indicator named Present Worth Ratio. The offshore wind farm is the best system from the exergetic and environmental point of view. The photovoltaic park is the system with the second-best scores. However, from the economic viewpoint including subsidy by the Dutch government, the photovoltaic park performs better than the wind farm system and the system that performs best is the biomass-fired power plant. Without subsidy, only the coal-fired power plant without carbon capture and storage is profitable. The exergetic sustainability scores of the coal-fired and biomass-fired power plants are similar, but from the environmental sustainability viewpoint, the biomass-fired power plant performs better than both coal-fired power plants. As the results of environmental and economic sustainability assessments strongly depend on models, weighting factors, subsidy, market prices, etc, while the results of the exergetic sustainability assessment do not, it is recommended that the exergetic sustainability be taken into account when assessing the sustainability of power generation and other technological systems.","Exergy; Fossil energy; Power generation; Renewable energy; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:896a66d5-4ab8-4d32-ac12-be310d7fc331","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:896a66d5-4ab8-4d32-ac12-be310d7fc331","Moral values as factors for social acceptance of smart grid technologies","Milchram, C. (TU Delft Economics of Technology and Innovation); van de Kaa, G. (TU Delft Economics of Technology and Innovation); Doorn, N. (TU Delft Ethics & Philosophy of Technology); Kunneke, R.W. (TU Delft Economics of Technology and Innovation)","","2018","Smart grid technologies are considered an important enabler in the transition to more sustainable energy systems because they support the integration of rising shares of volatile renewable energy sources into electricity networks. To implement them in a large scale, broad acceptance in societies is crucial. However, a growing body of research has revealed societal concerns with these technologies. To achieve sustainable energy systems, such concerns should be taken into account in the development of smart grid technologies. In this paper, we show that many concerns are related to moral values such as privacy, justice, or trust. We explore the effect of moral values on the acceptance of smart grid technologies. The results of our systematic literature review indicate that moral values can be both driving forces and barriers for smart grid acceptance. We propose that future research striving to understand the role of moral values as factors for social acceptance can benefit from an interdisciplinary approach bridging literature in ethics of technology with technology acceptance models.","Smart energy; Smart grid; Sustainability; Technology acceptance; Technology adoption; Values; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","review","","","","","","","","","","","Economics of Technology and Innovation","","",""
"uuid:775fe80b-b306-47b8-ae25-9195b7f69985","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:775fe80b-b306-47b8-ae25-9195b7f69985","Sustainable business model adoption among S&P 500 firms: A longitudinal content analysis study","Ritala, Paavo (Lappeenranta University of Technology); Huotari, Pontus (Lappeenranta University of Technology); Bocken, N.M.P. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research; Lund University); Albareda, Laura (Lappeenranta University of Technology); Puumalainen, Kaisu (Lappeenranta University of Technology)","","2018","In this study, we examine the diversity of sustainable business models adopted by the largest global corporations — those listed in the S&P 500 index — over the period 2005–2014. We examine press release communications during this period, which represent public data about business-relevant events. We expect that examining this communication can reveal longitudinal patterns in the adoption of sustainable business activities and models. Empirically, we utilize academic and practitioner expert panels to build a set of keywords across nine sustainable business model archetypes and utilize automated content analysis to examine the breadth and nature of a firm's sustainable business activities and practices. We find evidence of the increasing prominence of different types of sustainable business models over time. In particular, the results show that large capitalized firms have mostly adopted the environmentally-oriented archetypes, and to much lesser extent the societal and organizational ones.","Sustainable business models; Sustainability; Content analysis; Large cap; S&P 500","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted author manuscript","","2019-09-22","","","Marketing and Consumer Research","","",""
"uuid:376a415d-9750-4081-a6df-42e3f555e737","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:376a415d-9750-4081-a6df-42e3f555e737","Decision support tools for energy efficient and healthy school buildings","Straub, A. (TU Delft Public Commissioning); Frankena, Kevin (Student TU Delft)","","2018","Property owners are being forced to increase the energy efficiency of their buildings. Besides energy efficiency the indoor environmental quality (IEQ) of a larger part of Dutch primary school buildings is insufficient. This affects the performance, productivity and health of students and staff, and additionally has monetary consequences for school boards. The inability to achieve healthy, energy efficient buildings is largely explained by a lack of knowledge and experience in building renovation by school boards. The objective of the study is to provide school boards of primary schools with decision support tools to provide more insight in the technical, financial and organizational opportunities of renovation of school buildings. It is expected that this will lead to better balanced school buildings in terms of People (Indoor Environmental Quality), Planet (energy efficiency), and Profit (costs) and will contribute to a better work and learning environment for staff and students. Applied research methods are a literature review, semi-structured interviews, desk research, expert meetings, a focus group and design. Expert meetings were organized to get input for the design of a decision flow chart. Both were tested by members of school boards. It was found that the tools provides more insight in the renovation decision-making process and opportunities to renovate the school buildings. By raising problem awareness about the indoor environment, the decision support tools are also expected to contribute to an improved IEQ in renovated school buildings. The research was the basis for the development of a web tool for school boards: “Decision tree sustainable renovation primary and secondary school buildings”, published by Netherlands Enterprise Agency (RVO), design and consultancy firm Arcadis and the ‘Green Deal Scholen’.","School buildings; Sustainability; Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ); Energy Efficiency; Decision Flowchart; Renovation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Public Commissioning","","",""
"uuid:18239bed-877d-44f0-9ba9-dfa9e6a579a0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:18239bed-877d-44f0-9ba9-dfa9e6a579a0","From Problems to Potentials: The Urban Energy Transition of Gruž, Dubrovnik","van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology); Martin, C.L. (TU Delft Climate Design and Sustainability); Keeffe, Greg (Queen's University Belfast); Pulselli, Riccardo (University of Siena); Vandevyvere, Han (Flemish Institute for Technological Research)","","2018","IIn the challenge for a sustainable society, carbon-neutrality is a critical objective for all cities in the coming decades. In the EU City-zen project, academic partners collaborate to develop an urban energy transition methodology, which supports cities in making the energy transition to sustainable lifestyles and carbon neutrality. As part of the project, so-called Roadshows are organised in cities that wish to take the first step toward zero-energy living. Each Roadshow is methodologically composed to allow sustainability experts from across Europe to co-create designs, strategies and timelines with local stakeholders in order to reach this vital goal. Following a precursory investigative student workshop (the SWAT Studio), Dubrovnik was the third city to host the Roadshow in November 2016. During these events the characteristics of Dubrovnik, and the district of Gruž in particular, were systematically analysed, leading to useful insights into the current problems and potentials of the city. In close collaboration with local stakeholders, the team proposed a series of interventions, validated by the calculation of carbon emission, to help make Gruž, and in its wake the whole city of Dubrovnik, net zero energy and zero carbon. The vision presented to the inhabitants and its key city decision makers encompassed a path towards an attainable sustainable future. The strategies and solutions proposed for the Dubrovnik district of Gruž were able to reduce the current carbon sequestration compensation of 1200 hectares of forestland to only 67 hectares, an area achievable by urban reforestation projects. This paper presents the City-zen methodology of urban energy transition and that of the City-zen Roadshow, the analysis of the city of Dubrovnik, proposed interventions and the carbon impact, as calculated by means of the carbon accounting method discussed in the paper.","Sustainability; carbon neutrality; zero carbon cities; net zero energy; urban energy transition; energy renovation; neighbourhoods; SWAT Studio; City-zen; Roadshow; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","Architectural Engineering +Technology","Climate Design and Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:07b1e79f-c552-43d4-8829-f4805c96a174","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:07b1e79f-c552-43d4-8829-f4805c96a174","Quantification of the impact of the built environment: Project City-zen and HEREVEA as teaching tools","Marrero, Madelyn (University of Seville); Martin, C.L. (TU Delft Climate Design and Sustainability; The University of Central Lancashire (UCLan)); Muntean, Radu (University of Transylvania); González-Vallejo, Patricia (University of Seville); Rodríguez-Alba, MD (University of Seville)","Abrudan, Ioan Vasile (editor); Shi, Tiemao (editor); Lache, Simona (editor); Wu, Yuhou (editor); Muntean, Radu (editor); Oancea, Gheorghe (editor)","2018","Several strategies are presented to teach university students and professionals in the sector how to reduce the environmental impact of our cities. First, the European City-zen project is summarized and its application to the city of Seville, more specifically to Tiro de Linea, a working class neighborhood, is described; the viability and functionality of the neighborhood are analyzed and improvements are proposed so that it becomes an area that attains zero emissions. Second, HEREVEA project is presented, which developed a software for the feasibility analysis and proposals to improve neighborhoods. Its usefulness is presented in a case study in the same neighborhood. Finally, the experience of how to transmit all this knowledge through university teaching is presented.","Education; Tool; societal impact; Environment; Sustainability; SWAT Studio; City-zen","en","conference paper","IOP Publishing","","","","","","","","","","Climate Design and Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:90d9c88b-5399-488f-a731-f92d911c3f3e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:90d9c88b-5399-488f-a731-f92d911c3f3e","Sustainable urban redevelopment in the Netherlands","Heurkens, E.W.T.M. (TU Delft Urban Development Management)","Wilkinson, Sara (editor); Dixon, Tim (editor); Miller, Norm (editor); Sayce, Sarah (editor)","2018","Consensus on effective strategies and partnerships for delivering sustainable urban redevelopment projects in the Netherlands has yet to be reached. Although there is growing expectance of developing real estate in compliance with BREEAM certifications, it seems that scaling up such projects to an urban area level, taking into account far more complex social, environmental and economic issues, is one bridge too far. However, climate-adaptive and circular urban development projects are some examples of how sustainability is taking foothold in Dutch practice. This chapter explores two broad development approaches and corresponding development strategies for sustainable urban redevelopment. It compares promising and contrasting Dutch case studies in Rotterdam and Amsterdam, which serve as examples to understand how sustainable urban areas can be possibly delivered by developing formal and informal public-private relationships.","Sustainability; urban redevelopment; real estate","en","book chapter","Routledge - Taylor & Francis Group","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript (title is slightly different)","","2019-03-21","","","Urban Development Management","","",""
"uuid:a892ef83-f107-4ddf-8b0f-38a9af3d5446","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a892ef83-f107-4ddf-8b0f-38a9af3d5446","Opportunities and barriers for asset managers integrating energy flexibility","Mlecnik, E. (TU Delft Housing Management)","","2018","It is expected that future buildings will be able to manage their demand and generation not only according to local climate conditions and user needs, but also related to changing grid requirements. This development will introduce new challenges regarding asset management, which so far have not been explored.
This innovation adoption research identifies key opportunities and barriers for asset managers from a case study that considers changing grid conditions on a university campus in the Netherlands. The case illustrates that implementing energy flexibility is certainly not only a problem of data communication and transfer. The paper sets the scene that asset management for energy flexibility also requires detailed consideration and planning of required technical changes in buildings and grids.
Keywords: land scarcity, climate change, water, energy, floating, modular, self-sustainable design
The project entitled ‘The Pop-up Superstructure’ focused on achieving a circular economy on buildings used for events by means of creating a demountable structural system that takes into account sustainability and easy of assembly methods, allowing it to be used and re-used for different applications within the realm of temporary architecture.
The project used temporary architecture to create a strong, yet short presence on site challenging the notion contextual boundaries. A series of temporary interventions were planned for the 2020 opening event at the IBA Parkstad region in Zuid Limburg in order to express a strong cultural and technological statement, while attracting visitors to experience different contexts that speak to the history, heritage and culture of the region. The interventions were designed using a toolbox system made of lightweight materials that could be easily assembled and disassembled, offering multiple possibilities for re-use and flexibility. Materials with low environmental footprint and high strength-to-weight ratio were chosen, as well as techniques that ensured that the main structural core would maintain its integrity in order to be re-used in the future with minimum or no repair, while also saving on new material extraction. If successfully implemented, the use of the toolbox would offer the possibility for the creation of buildings that can be continuously re-used leaving no damage, no waste and no trace behind. This way, temporary architecture would have the opportunity to thrive while addressing the needs of the present (the event) without compromising the needs of future societies.","design for disassembly; temporary architecture; Events; Sustainability; pop-up buildings; Re-use; lightweight sructure; Flexibility","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Intecture","",""
"uuid:4b8bab58-9e13-46de-84db-ed3b3109b866","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b8bab58-9e13-46de-84db-ed3b3109b866","A demountable structural system of multi-story building: Case study of car park building","Maheninggalih, Girindra (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures)","Veljkovic, Milan (mentor); Pavlovic, Marko (graduation committee); Hendriks, Max (graduation committee); den Hollander, Jan-Pieter (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The growth of world population will be the challenge of the century regarding the carbon footprints. The human activities produce both direct and indirect carbon emission that is contributing to the climate change. The construction industry itself contributes around 30 percent of total carbon emissions in the world. Thus, the challenge is to solve the problem of meeting the increasing needs and expectations of a growing population while at the same time modifying the current production and consumption patterns to achieve a more sustainable development model. Based on this, the need for the sustainable structural element is inevitable. Extending the exploitation life of the structural element is one of the solutions that should be looked. Reusing instead of recycling the structural element is one of the ways to extend the exploitation life which can reduce the carbon emission. Therefore the innovation in the structural design to reduce the carbon emission is important.
The purpose of this thesis is to study the feasibility of a conceptual design of demountable structural system. On the first part of the thesis, it investigated the structural behaviour of a composite floor beam that consists of steel beam, prefabricated concrete deck and a single embedded nut bolt shear connector in the SLS condition. To accommodate fabrication tolerance and construction process, the bolt shear connector must have enough clearance. Various bolt-hole gap in bolt shear connector is applied to see the effect on structural performance of composite floor beam in SLS. The study of demountable composite floor beam is performed by mean of analytical calculations and finite element analysis. It is found that the bolt-hole gap clearance influences the deflection of composite floor beam due to partial interaction between prefabricated concrete deck and steel beam which leads to incomplete interaction of composite floor beam. The bigger hole clearance, the higher deflection occurs on composite floor beam.
The second part of the thesis explores the conceptual design of plug and play beam-column connection. The purpose of developing a plug and play beam-column connection is to reduce the construction time so that it is easy to be mounted and demounted. Two conceptual designs have been developed and were evaluated through FEA. The resistance of those two conceptual designs is found to be higher than fin-plate connection while the rotational stiffness of this plug-play connection can be classified as a nominally pinned joint.
The last part of the thesis aims to see the possibility of having a non-symmetrical column splice connection on the column. This is interesting for the architect as it provides aesthetic benefit for the façade. The non-symmetrical column splice connection located on the corner is evaluated by FEA. The connection is a combination of end-plate and cover plate splice column connection. Due to unsymmetrical nature of the connection, the resistance and failure mode of the connection is different in a different orientation of the loading.","Demountable structure; Sustainability; Beam-column connection; steel structures; structural engineering; column-splice connection; composite beam","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:d06f954a-51e6-4423-88d9-61b2da3276c2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d06f954a-51e6-4423-88d9-61b2da3276c2","An Energy-Harvesting Facade Optimization System for Built Environments","Pandaravila Biju, Atul (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Venkatesha Prasad, Ranga Rao (mentor); Sarkar, Chayan (mentor); Langendoen, Koen (graduation committee); Eisemann, Elmar (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Daylighting is the immediate exploitation of solar energy in the form of nat-
ural lighting and plays an integral role in minimizing the energy footprint
of a building. Smart daylighting enables us to design buildings that provide
comfort and energy savings.
This work proposes a dynamic facade system for buildings which aims to
maximize user comfort while simultaneously maximizing energy savings by
harvesting solar energy optimally. The solar panels on the facade can har-
vest the highest amount of energy when it is positioned perpendicular to the
suns rays. However, this may result in unsatisfactory lighting conditions in-
side the room and the problem is approached as a bi-objective optimization
problem. This work is a preliminary exploration of the concept of smart
skins for buildings that autonomously regulates light while harvesting solar
energy, contributing to the creation of the future of sustainable buildings.
The primary focus of this research work revolves around building a con-
ceptual model, formulating an optimization problem, developing a control
algorithm, iFOS, and then evaluating it. Data was simulated using advanced
simulations to evaluate the dynamics of light indoors.
Two benchmarks were created to evaluate the algorithm against, one where
the system works towards maximizing user comfort indoors, and the other,
where the system works to maximize the energy harvested by the facade.
Upto 8% increase in the energy harvested was achieved with minimal loss in
user comfort in the use case evaluated. The average energy figure for The
Netherlands in the summer months is about 5 kWh/m2/day, which makes
the total energy that can be captured at 20% efficiency to be about 750
kWh per day. The algorithm is found to work the best when the desired
light level to be maintained indoors lies in the range [400,600] lux.","Facade; Building envelope; Solar Energy; Simulation; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:23077104-34da-4ea4-9fdd-795958f060e8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23077104-34da-4ea4-9fdd-795958f060e8","Learning from co-housing initiatives: Between Passivhaus engineers and active inhabitants","Tummers-Mueller, L.C. (TU Delft Spatial Planning and Strategy)","van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (promotor); van Bueren, Ellen (promotor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Following the UN world summits on Climate Change (Paris 2015) and Habitat (Quito 2016), most European cities assume an active role to implement internationally agreed goals related to climate change, translated in the so-called New Urban Agenda. At the same time, the urban housing market is increasingly inaccessible for low- and middle-income households. To overcome problems such as failing housing supply and high energy-bills, groups of residents take initiatives to create and manage housing projects collectively; these initiatives are further indicated as ‘co-housing’.
The aim of this study is to create deeper understanding of the current rise of co-housing in Europe, and what it could mean in urban policies addressing energy transition and climate change. There are two domains where co-housing can become an important asset for urban development: design and maintenance of (semi-)public space for climate change mitigation, and the transition to a circular metabolism in housing. Based on empirical data, this thesis concludes that co-housing projects present relevant models and approaches for reducing the energy consumption and for integrating renewable energies in the general housing stock. Engineers can learn from co-housing pioneers to advance the targets for energy-transition and further develop sustainable cities.
The thesis contributes to the emerging body of knowledge with a new understanding of co-housing, analysing its ‘key-features’ with an interdisciplinary framework, in a European context. It adds a new perspective to existing co-housing research, which is dominated by social sciences, by drawing attention to the physical characteristics of co-housing, produced in architectural, planning and engineering processes (the technosphere). The choices made during design and building are not only shaped by the residents’ aims and perception of sustainability, but also influenced by technosphere-related institutions, such as the building-components industry, energy or waste networks and providers, and planning regulations. The professional partners for the projects, such as housing associations and engineers, are equally affected by the institutional context, but their position is different from that of residents. They may for example be more anchored in governmental or professional regulations.","co-housing; Sustainability; Urban development; technosphere; energy-transition","en","doctoral thesis","A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment","","","","","A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment No 14 (2017)","","","","","Spatial Planning and Strategy","","",""
"uuid:fc6b0413-a90e-4baa-a28b-55d1ac539022","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fc6b0413-a90e-4baa-a28b-55d1ac539022","Planning an Adaptable Port: A Study of Port of Kuala Tanjung","Andre Prakoso, Andre (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Vellinga, T. (mentor); Taneja, P. (graduation committee); Verlaan, J.G. (graduation committee); van der Plas, R.A.B (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","As an Indonesian national strategic project, the Port of Kuala Tanjung draws significant attention at national and international level. Considering the semi-greenfield nature of the port, the diverse set of stakeholders, and the prevailing disruptive trends in the world port business enabled mainly by digitalization and energy transition, a robust 1st phase port layout is required to kick-start the project and guarantee the overall sustainability of the port development. This thesis is conducted on the Port of Rotterdam Authority (PoRA) which is a part of the Joint Venture company that is responsible in developing the Port of Kuala Tanjung. The author would like to clearly state that while this study is conducted during the author's internship at Port of Rotterdam, the views expressed in this paper are those of the author alone and not the Port of Rotterdam Authority..
The objective of this research is to develop an adaptive port masterplan along with its robust 1st phase layout which is self-sustainable and provide catalyzing effect for the next stage of development. A modified Adaptive Port Planning (APP) framework will be used as the main methodology in this research. In addition, the United Nation Sustainable Goals is being used as a guiding principle in planning the port. A combination of a literature review and interviews with experts are used to both identify the sources of the uncertain and disruptive trends mentioned above and also to propose adaptation strategies.
As a conclusion, an adaptive port masterplan has been developed. A circular economic concept combined with industrial port complex model has been applied to the port to incorporate self-sustainability and catalyzing effect element into the port. To validate the research products, series of interviews and FGD has been conducted with Port of Rotterdam Authority experts.","port planning; adaptive planning; port design; Sustainability; integrated design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2022-08-06","","","","","Port of Kuala Tanjung","3.35, 99.433055555"
"uuid:e54d9ee8-2b0c-4db8-9206-95b93ab9adb0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e54d9ee8-2b0c-4db8-9206-95b93ab9adb0","Olli Play: A new modality in child-toy ownership","Wong, Bo (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Romero Herrera, Natalia (mentor); van Erp, Jeroen (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","This project aims to plant a seed in the minds of children to develop sustainable behaviour now and inspire an attitude of environmental stewardship for the future. Children grow up in a take-make-dispose world driven by consumerism. This world is characterised by the continuous production of new consumer products. This has a significant negative effect on the environment. For a sustainable future, people’s behaviour needs to change. Changing children’s attitude towards toy ownership has been identified as an opportunity to create this behaviour change. This lead to the following design challenge: How can I create an experience that engages children to change their behaviour towards toy ownership to inspire environmental stewardship? One of the most efficient ways to make products more sustainable is by extending product life. Extending product life is put into practice by having children pass on toys they have outgrown. By studying children using the context mapping method it was found that they find it difficult to let go of their unused toys. Extending product life and difficulty to let go are conflicting statements. For children below the age of five this is unavoidable, therefore the target group is children aged 5 - 6 as this is the youngest group possible to set in motion the desired behaviour change. Solution directions for the desired behaviour change were generated. The Toy on adventure concept was selected to further develop as this concept uses a narrative which allows for a perspective shift to occur with the child. A shift from a negative association (losing your toy), to a positive one (allowing your toy to go on adventure). In order to convince the child to participate in the concept, action tendency needs to be recognised. Multiple in-context interventions with the users were performed to find effective action tendencies that facilitate behaviour change. The following design elements were established: the power of growth, storytelling, negative emotions & pride. Using and integrating these design elements, the final design was created: Olli Play. Olli Play is an episodic storybook including action items and supporting props (play mat/bag & headdress) to make it easier for children to pass on toys they have outgrown. The design elements are embedded as follows: Episodic storytelling engages children with the experience of Olli Play. The concept of the power of growth is used in the narrative to make the letting go of toys part of growing up. Negative emotions are used to create a rich experience according to the theory of design for emotion. The use of pride provides the after the fact gratification necessary for the experience to have a lasting effect in order to inspire environmental stewardship. The interaction with the final design was tested in a three day testing session. The results showed that the intended effects were accomplished. As expected, the child experienced great difficulties with the thought of letting go toys at first. But as the interaction progressed throughout the days, the attitude of the child was transformed and the overall experience was perceived to be very enjoyable and the toys were gladly given away. The interaction also sparked interest in environmental stewardship. This way, Olli Play creates immediate sustainable behaviour and inspires the intended attitude of environmental stewardship.","Sustainability; Circular Economy; Children; Toy; Plastic Soup Monster; storytelling; ownership; education","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","","","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:2aa4febb-f317-4a01-adeb-a8ff160fd620","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2aa4febb-f317-4a01-adeb-a8ff160fd620","Conceptual design of a demountable, reusable composite flooring system: Structural behaviour and environmental advantages","Braendstrup, Cecilia (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures)","Veljkovic, Milan (mentor); Abspoel, Roland (mentor); Jonkers, H.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","There is currently increasing interest in making a transition towards a circular economy, to improve resource efficiency and to reduce harmful emissions to the environment. The European Union adopted a Circular Economy package in 2015, while the Dutch government introduced a programme to achieve a circular economy by 2050. The construction industry is regarded in particular, being responsible for the use of about 50% of all raw materials. Innovation in the field of demountable and reusable structural elements is therefore of importance. By connecting composite (steel-concrete) slabs to steel beams using shear studs, composite beams are created. This results in a structurally efficient composite flooring system. However, demounting and reusing this system is very difficult due to the welded connection of the shear studs to the steel beam and the embedment of the studs in the concrete. This research aims to provide recommendations for the design of a demountable composite flooring system in which both the steel beams and the composite slab can be reused, while its structural efficiency is retained. Additionally, the environmental benefits of this system are assessed.
To quantify the environmental advantages of a composite flooring system, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been conducted based on a case study of the Temporary Courthouse building in Amsterdam. For this building, it is found that the use of a composite flooring system instead of hollow core slabs leads to a reduction in environmental impact of 16-37%. For a building with main spans of 16.2 m instead of the original 10.8 m, this reduction increases to 35-51%. This is mainly caused by the reduction in the amount of concrete in the composite slab. Additionally, the weight reduction of 40-50% compared to hollow core slabs is beneficial for the transport-related environmental impact. Furthermore, it is found that the importance of the steel beams for the total environmental impact of the composite flooring system is limited: a reduction in steel section size due to shear interaction between the beam and the
slab only leads to a reduction of 2-6% in environmental impact. However, a cost analysis shows that material costs are reduced with €12 - €31 per square metre when shear interaction is achieved. This shows that the use of demountable shear connectors between the beam and the slab can be viable, as long as the costs of the shear connectors are kept below these amounts.
The structural behaviour of a composite beam with a composite slab and M20 grade 8.8 bolts as demountable shear connectors has been analyzed in more detail by means of analytical calculations and finite element analysis. It is found that initial slip due to bolt-to-hole clearances must be prevented in order to avoid larger deflections than allowed. A demountable composite flooring system is proposed in which the slab is cast in-situ for the first use, after placing the shear connectors, and reused as prefab elements without the shear connectors. In this way, bolt-to-hole clearances are avoided, while the main advantages of composite slabs are retained. Design recommendations are provided as a framework for the future development of a demountable composite flooring system.","Life Cycle Assessment; Composite; demountable; Reusable; Circular Economy; Structural design; Sustainability; Shear connector","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:adb16743-1a98-4e1b-91f4-d488e996bb97","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:adb16743-1a98-4e1b-91f4-d488e996bb97","The Effects of Supply Chain Sustainability Criteria on Selecting the Optimal Package Design","Papakonstantinou, Thanos (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Rezaei, J. (mentor); Tavasszy, Lorant (graduation committee); Pesch, U. (graduation committee); Kana, A.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","In the packaging industry, there are certain criteria that characterize whether a package is sustainable or not. Thus, the design of the product is decided by satisfying the aforementioned criteria. However, when the whole supply chain is under study, the process is not so straightforward and the related science field is Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM). In this master thesis the effects of the food industry specific supply chain sustainability criteria on the package design will be investigated. With a thorough literature review those criteria are going to be identified, while with interviews data about the current package alternatives of certain products will be collected. With these inputs a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem is formulated and will be solved with the use of the Best-Worst Method (BWM). On the one hand, the BWM achieves the ranking of the supply chain sustainability criteria by estimating their respective weights and on the other hand the selection of the optimal design among the alternatives. The implementation of the analysis took place for three selected products of the Kraft Heinz Company; the Heinz Tomato Ketchup, the Heinz Seriously Good Mayonnaise and the Heinz Beans. The preferences of the supply chain members of these selected products were documented and the optimal package designs were selected. It has to be underlined that equal importance was given to the weights of the six different supply chain members and the three dimensions of sustainability. The dispenser Sauce – O – Mat was selected as optimal for the sauces, while the Can for the beans. It was proved through what-if scenarios that modifying the weights that that decision-maker assigns to the preferences of the supply chain members and the importance of the dimensions of sustainability has an effect on the selection of the optimal design. In the end, a decision-making tool was created that improves the selection process of package alternatives in the food packaging industry.","Sustainability; Sustainable Supply Chain Management; Sustainable Packaging; Food Packaging Industry; Multi Criteria Decision-Making; Best-Worst Method; SSCM; MCDM; BWM","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2018-08-24","","","","Management of Technology (MoT)","",""
"uuid:b8842ea9-082a-4473-b181-f4c4c8a9f6f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b8842ea9-082a-4473-b181-f4c4c8a9f6f0","Application of 3D printing in Repair","Beerkens, Thijs (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Design Engineering)","Flipsen, Bas (mentor); Sauerwein, Mariet (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Repair was once a common act. With increased product diversity and complexity, a scarcity and obsolescence of spare parts is making repair increasingly difficult and economically unviable. The result is an accelerated turnover of manufactured goods, which are more often replaced than repaired. As products are discarded, embedded materials and energy are wasted.
Alternatively, in a proposed Circular Economy, repair is one of the most efficient strategies of product recovery, retaining as much of the manufactured product as possible whilst restoring its functionality. This makes repair a very effective strategy for sustainability, reducing energy and material waste through product life extension.
An opportunity to revive the habit of repair was found in using 3D printing to produce spare parts for the repair job. This project was initiated to explore the application of 3D printing in this manner, to gain insights and exploring the possibilities with currently available means.
The rise of digital manufacturing and 3D printing accessible to consumers has spawned the ‘Maker Movement’; people making their own physical objects, in a DIY ethic. By enabling ‘Makers’ to create their own spare parts, using 3D printing, a first step in the revival of repair is set.
All three aspects of human, technology and business are incorporated in this project, together leading to a viable strategy for sustainability through design. By incorporating Makers in the role of the repairer and introducing 3D modelling and printing technologies, Repair using 3D printing is found to be a viable concept.
Through an iterative process of practical case study experiments, a complete process of reproducing a viable substitute from an original part is developed. Various repair attempts on actual case subjects are done to explore several methods and options, gaining insights in the parameters and boundary conditions of repair using 3D printing. Resulting from this, a series of written guides and supportive tools are designed and published on popular online Maker platforms. The entire process is covered in the project poster, which includes QR-code links to the tools and guides.
The reproduction process covers three main obstacles: setting requirements for the new part, creating a 3D model and 3D printing it. The major challenge in this project was to enable inexperienced users to do so, using only common materials and equipment. The resulting process involves the decomposition of the original part to set requirements, after which it is measured and CAD modelled, or 3D scanned. For the latter, a 3D printable rotating platform is designed, that supports a photogrammetry-based 3D scanning procedure. Furthermore, two questionnaire-like tools are developed to advise users in the critical decisions of which 3D modelling strategy to apply in the particular case, and what material to 3D print it in.
The repair using 3D printing principle is successfully applied to several case studies, resulting in insights and guidelines for future application. A first step in a widespread adoption of this concept is set by providing Makers with a set of guides and tools to reproduce spare parts on their own. The project concludes with the publication of the developed guides and tools. The thesis overviews the process and outcomes and concludes with recommendations for further development.","3D printing; 3D scanning; Repair; Design; Sustainability; Circular Economy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:ae9d53ca-c8fb-4def-8e1c-77540e0bf38c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ae9d53ca-c8fb-4def-8e1c-77540e0bf38c","Energy Efficiency Improvement of Retail Space Operation Using Energy Benchmarking And Quantitative Modelling","Vişniuc, Monica (TU Delft Applied Sciences)","Blok, K. (mentor); van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universiteit Leiden (degree granting institution)","2017","The present research applied a mixed approach for increasing the energy performance of retail spaces by setting new specific energy consumption targets and identifying what measures can be implemented at the building level to achieve the most energy gains. Energy benchmarking, a common practice of evaluating the building performance has been used to relate the values of the efficiency index of similar buildings and set new ones. In order to assess how the new specific energy consumption targets can be achieved, energy modelling has been performed to identify measures that can be integrated at the building level, and are directed toward the highest energy intensive areas within building operations.
In the process, a selection of 47 retail spaces has been used, with an efficiency index related to the floor areas that have annual values between 48 kWh/m2 and 383 kWh/m2. Performing energy benchmarking, the weight of these values has been assessed, in relation to a selection of multiple energy markers that are best performers from various dimensions. Building simulations on store operating parameters indicated the importance of energy saving measures, such as ventilation control systems, as there is a spike registered in energy consumption if ventilation rates do not match the building occupancy levels. As the local hot climate conditions have been found to have a significant influence on the building energy performance, the building design has been assessed to identify weak areas responsible for heat gains and in consequence of an increased need for cooling. The research found that for “big-box” retailers the roof is the building component that can be used to decrease the cooling load. Energy savings have been registered for passive cooling techniques using radiative processes for existing locations, while sustainable building design, can update the standard flat roof and provide further functions such as increase daylight access and energy production.
For the facilities where the energy consumption has been calculated, the results indicate lower annual energy consumption values compared to the actual energy use. Furthermore, when evaluating the actual energy consumption and the best practice targets set of each particular climate, it can be observed that energy savings can be achieved, with values with average savings of 32%. Connecting the findings of the two steps, a comprehensive list of recommendations has been created, with measures for non-food retail space operation, aimed at increasing the annual energy performance of this building type. The recommendations cover key aspects of operating the building at optimum energy levels, and the proposed measures are directed toward energy efficiency technologies and energy management practices. It is noted that a high level of actions is focused towards the staff and their behaviour, as the building occupants are a key factor in achieving good levels of energy performance. The recommendations are directed towards proper management of equipment and correct or optimisation in settings, but also measure to come in support of the employees, such as awareness campaigns and staff training on how to properly operate technologies such as the Energy Management System.
Specifically in Manila, a third of the city’s inhabitants are considered urban poor and live either in slums or in informal housing conditions. The city is an exemplary case of a developing metropolis with multiple water features and geographical conditions which faces the mentioned urban failures and risks in parallel with natural hazards on a yearly basis.
New typologies and solutions need to be sought to understand how to deal with issues of urban land, infrastructure, housing and sanitation, and improved
resilience. As land and flooding are the two core elements which effect all other conditions faced by the urban poor, the design asks how can new land that does not flood be designed as a floating module for a self-sufficient community in the flood-risk context of Manila, Philippines, in order to provide the urban poor population with the means to improve their lives through a more resilient
spatial environment.
The design needs to include strategies both constructional and typological, as well as infrastructure of waste and water management and energy production, so that it will offer an economically and feasibly comparable and sufficiently developed alternative to current practices.","vulnerability; climate adaptation; Environmental impact; Urbanization; coastal infrastructure; floating; Community; Sustainability; resilience; prototype; Modular; challenges; Urban Poor; water management","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","","","14.657464, 120.942747"
"uuid:fd0e6ed2-b355-46b5-b47a-57c9adebd1c1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fd0e6ed2-b355-46b5-b47a-57c9adebd1c1","Combined analyses of costs, market value and eco-costs in circular business models: eco-efficient value creation in remanufacturing","Vogtländer, J.G. (TU Delft Marketing and Consumer Research); Scheepens, A.E. (Ernst & Young Accountants); Bocken, N.M.P. (TU Delft Circular Product Design; Lund University); Peck, David (TU Delft Climate Design and Sustainability)","","2017","Eco-efficient Value Creation is a method to analyse innovative product and service design together with circular business strategies. The method is based on combined analyses of the costs, market value (perceived customer value) and eco-costs. This provides a prevention-based single indicator for ‘external environmental costs’ in LCA. The remanufacturing of products is an environmental and sustainable approach, in the circular economy, and can deliver lower eco-costs of materials depletion and pollution. From a business point of view, however, remanufacturing seems to be viable in B2B niche markets only. In consumer markets, remanufacturing is less common. The question is how can remanufacturing become a viable business solution for mainstream consumer markets. Traditional ‘green’ marketing approaches are not enough: green has a positive, but also negative connotations, so marketing approaches are complex. By using the Eco-efficient Value Creation method, marketing strategies for the roll-out of remanufacturing in mainstream consumer markets, can be revealed. This approach has led to the development of five aspects, which are key to innovative circular business models, for remanufacturing: (1) buyers differ from the buyers of the ‘new product’ (2) quality must be emphasised in all communications (3) risk must be taken away from the buyer (4) top level service is required to convince the buyer (5) a ‘green’ brand may support the remanufactured product image.","Closed loop; Eco-cost; Life cycle analysis; Remanufacturing; Reuse; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","Publisher Correction: Jnl Remanufactur (2017) 7(1):1–17 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13243-017-0031-9 Due to technical error, the original HTML version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The copyright information should be “© The Author(s) 2017”, not “© Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2017”. The original article has been corrected.","","","","","Marketing and Consumer Research","","",""
"uuid:f4c11f00-f729-46a3-8b80-5492e7bf2587","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f4c11f00-f729-46a3-8b80-5492e7bf2587","Application and environmental evaluation of fibre reinforced polymers in movable bridge design","Franken, Arnout (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering; TU Delft Design Engineering)","Balkenende, A.R. (mentor); Pavlovic, M. (graduation committee); van 't Klooster, A.G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","This thesis consists of a research study concerning the application and environmental performance of Fibre Reinforced Polymers (FRP) for application in movable bridge design. The research is accompanied by a proposed redesign exploiting the advantageous properties of FRP and a life cycle assessment (LCA) of multiple FRP variants’ environmental impact compared to an existing steel variant. The subject of this case study is the Amaliabridge over the Gouwe canal in Gouda.The thesis was performed during an internship at Movares Adviseurs & Ingenieurs, a Dutch engineering and consultancy firm, among others specialised in movable bridges. The goal of the project was to ascertain how the environmental impact of an FRP movable bridge redesign would compare to the original steel design of the Amaliabridge. The scope of this thesis did not cover the mechanical analysis of the redesign and therefore does not provide a fully accurate representation, rather an indicative and explorative result that asks for further investigation.The resulting design is a rolling bascule type movable bridge, eliminating the need for a bascule basement as is required in a trunnion type bascule bridge. This leads to significantly less design, engineering and construction efforts. Additionally, the design aims at reusability, prolonging the lifespan of the bridge as much as possible.The environmental impact assessments yielded partially questionable results. A Cradle to Gate analysis was performed, in which the FRP variants performed better compared to steel variants. A Cradle to Cracle analysis was also performed, where FRP variants performed significantly less, as their End of Life scenario’s accounted for a significantly higher impact compared to the steel variants. These differences are probably caused by an allocation error and are therefore not regarded as proof of FRP performing better or worse compared to steel.","FRP; Fibre Reinforced Polymers; Movable bridge; Sustainability; Environmental impact; Durability; Rolling bascule bridge","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","","","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:bf221079-1051-4285-94bb-c49db8b5cb12","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf221079-1051-4285-94bb-c49db8b5cb12","Sustainable Self / Livable Net: Balancing sustainability and livability in dense urban environments through strategies for the mitigation of the UHI effect","Marin Nieto, Francisco (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hausleitner, Birgit (mentor); Wandl, Alexander (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Sustainability and livability are two important dimensions of urban environments, that are however found to be in a constant imbalance. The achievement of a sustainable and livable city is hindered by the constraints of urban form, and density, in particular, has a crucial role in defining the performance of urban environments in terms of livability and sustainability. Research shows that higher levels of density tend to result in more sustainable and less livable environments, and vice versa. In contemporary research, the understanding of the reasons behind this issue represents an urgency. There is, however, an apparent gap in knowledge in the field.
The manifestation of this imbalance can take multiple forms. Being it an eminently abstract issue, its reduction to a manageable and well-studied problem facilitates research and the exploration of possible solutions. In this respect, the Urban Heat Island effect is a phenomenon that represents the essence of the issue and that is closely linked to spatial factors. The manifestation of the UHI effect in Málaga (Spain) constitutes a concrete problem, especially in the context of temperature rises and an aging population.
The heterogeneity of Málaga’s fabric, where different levels of density are present, can both explain the uneven manifestation of temperature in the city and define limitations and potentials regarding the exploration of solutions.
From an analytical point of view, this work seeks to define a criteria for the characterization of different density environments and a way to understand how temperature relates to its form through different scales. From a design-oriented perspective, the goal is to define a systemic approach to the issue and explore the ways in which urban form shapes the spatial manifestation of the solutions.
Ultimately, the introduction of physical measures would not only help to mitigate the UHI effect, but constitute a step towards the necessary balance between sustainability and livability.
This thesis points out that food is the most promising category to start building these new consumption patterns from. In Vietnam both consumers and producers are looking for ways to make their practices sustainable. Design can help building and giving form to new behaviour patterns, products and services. However, creating more trust and understanding between the Vietnamese food consumers and producers is essential. Co-design specifically could enable the creation of trust and understanding as well as create a learning environment; ultimately leading to a better adapted, more attractive and sustainable food system in Vietnam.","Sustainability; Sustainable lifestyles; Sustainability consumption; Co-design; Co-creation; Emerging markets; Food; Vietnam; Middle class; Consumer behavior; Innovation","en","doctoral thesis","","9789065624079","","","","","","","","","Design for Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:4bcf2198-14f4-4058-9cdd-dc19f893482b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4bcf2198-14f4-4058-9cdd-dc19f893482b","Co-design and Sustainable Food in Vietnam","de Koning, J.I.J.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability)","","2017","Co-creation for sustainable products and actions is a new approach to most of Vietnamese enterprises and consumers. The co-design workshop between companies and customers is an innovative way to bring them together, create mutual understanding and put the spotlight on sustainability. Through the GetGreen Vietnam project promoting sustainable living and working for Vietnamese middle-income consumers, we have seen the impacts and benefits of the co-design workshop on both the companies and the consumers. For example, the change in packaging design of Viet Lien tea product as a result of the co-design workshop has brought to waste reduction.
This “Co-design of Sustainable Food in Vietnam” booklet is written for everyone, especially companies, consumers and experts, who want to organize a co-design workshop in Vietnam, with focus on food and sustainability. It includes the methodology, a step-by-step facilitation manual and the results of implemented co-design workshops. We hope that readers will be equipped with enough knowledge and be inspired to conduct more and more co-creation activities.","Co-design; Co-creation; Toolkit; Tools; Workshop; Food; Sustainable design; Sustainability; Vietnam; Emerging markets; Innovation; Manual","en","book","Asian Institute of Technology","9789-0902-9806-1","","","","JOTTE DE KONING is a design researcher from The Netherlands. This booklet was produced during her PhD research at the Delft University of Technology. The research was part of the project GetGreen Vietnam and in collaboration with the Asian Institute of Technology Vietnam and the Vietnam Cleaner Production Centre. The topic of her research was co-design and sustainable food consumption of the Vietnamese urban middle class.","","2018-12-31","","","Design for Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:00356edb-3d22-4349-9246-f225c5f2c5bb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:00356edb-3d22-4349-9246-f225c5f2c5bb","Greentom Nova: the next sustainable child buggy","Stoop, M.","Van de Geer, S.G. (mentor); Oberdorf, J.E. (mentor)","2017","The goal of this project is to develop a concept for the next generation of Greentom products that is more sustainable than their current product line by applying Circular Economy. The result will be a child buggy, which is optimised to be produced, assembled, re-used, repaired, refurbished and recycled in Europe by Greentom. In other words: can Greentom develop a buggy that closes its own loops locally, and thus has a minimum impact on the environment? Developing a whole new buggy as graduation assignment was deemed not desirable. Thus the focus of this project is on the foldability, usability, safety, stability, strength, stiffness and sustainability of the buggy frame in relation to the whole buggy. In the analysis phase the company, the competitors, the target group, the material, the production, the regulations, the ergonomics and the sustainability aspects of the future buggy are analysed in order to create a guiding program of requirements for the frame. The vision to develop a buggy that ‘enables the target group to happily use the product to transport their child’ was created to ensure a result that is able to stand out in the market. Happiness requires the experience of a satisfactory current state whilst using the product and working to a desirable future state to occur. A good basic product for the child as well as the parent is required to create the satisfactory current state. A safe and sustainable product ensures the possibility to achieve the desirable future state. Ideas were generated based on this vision and requirements to develop a buggy-frame that is able to facilitate a safe and responsible transportation of children with a minimised environmental impact through no-nonsense, minimalistic design strong enough to survive intensive use. The most promising ideas were further developed into concepts from which the ‘Honeycomb concept’ was chosen to be further developed. The idea of the ‘Honeycomb concept’ is to create a shell based buggy that can be produced in three main injection moulded parts of the same recycled material, which is reinforced where needed by adding nature inspired structures. This concept was further developed resulting in the final concept of chapter 16, the Greentom Nova. The buggy is estimated to pass the stability, strength and safety standards of the EN 1888 norm, even though not all frame related strength tests can be proven with simulations. Based on the results it is estimated that a prototype will be able to pass the tests with some extra adaptions. Design for (dis)assembly strategies are applied to make the buggy easy to assemble, repair, refurbish and recycle. The buggy is also adapted to be as much Greentom compatible as possible. This means that this buggy concept uses the same front wheels as, for example, the current Greentom line to make part exchange possible. Finally a more organic shape style is proposed to communicate the sustainability of the buggy by creating a visual link with nature. Based on literature analysis, tests, calculations and simulations it is estimated that it should be possible for Greentom to create the next level sustainable buggy. However further developments are required to work out the Greentom Nova into a product that makes Greentom’s future customers happy.","Design; Sustainability; Buggy; Circular Economy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Design Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:b3fa723d-fa0e-4d24-8995-c05125ffddbf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3fa723d-fa0e-4d24-8995-c05125ffddbf","NEMAVO-AIREY: Kernkwaliteiten & Transformatiemogelijkheden","Quist, W.J. (TU Delft Heritage & Technology); Zijlstra, H. (TU Delft Heritage & Design); Spoormans, L.G.K. (TU Delft Heritage & Design)","","2017","Het doel van dit rapport is het identificeren en benoemen van de kernkwaliteiten van het bouwsysteem (en de hiermee gerealiseerde woningen en wijken) op basis van waarnemingen aan Airey-complexen zoals die er nu bij staan en gerelateerd aan historische informatie. Hiertoe is met behulp van google-streetview een overzicht gemaakt van de meeste complexen/wijken en zijn een groot aantal Airey-projecten bezocht (zie bijlagen). Daarna zijn de inventarisaties bestudeerd en hieruit wordt al snel duidelijk dat (bijna) alle Airey-woningen in Nederland op zekere wijze zijn aangepast. Soms slechts minimaal, op andere plekken is het oorspronkelijke nauwelijks nog herkenbaar. Vanwege de leeftijd is vernieuwing van de origineel gebouwde woningen logisch, maar wat is er veranderd en waarom is dat op iedere plek anders? Wat was de reden voor interventie? Op
welke schaal zijn de wijzigingen uitgevoerd en door wie? Welke onderdelen zijn vaak aangepast en welke blijken bestand tegen verandering? Zijn er stijlen te ontdekken in de renovatie van Airey woningen en in hoeverre zijn deze tijdsgebonden? Zijn deze interventiestrategieën specifiek voor het
Airey-systeem of tonen ze gelijkenis met vernieuwing van andere woningbouw(systemen)? Op deze vragen wordt in dit rapport naar een antwoord gezocht en op basis van de categorisering waar dit toe heeft geleid is een conclusie geschreven waarin de kernkwaliteiten en transformatiemogelijkheden aan de orde komen.","heritage; Adaptive Reuse; prefabricated concrete; concrete systems; Renovation; Sustainability","en","report","Technische Universiteit Delft","","","","","","","","","","Heritage & Design","","",""
"uuid:d699175a-0f17-4c7b-8d0f-2fdeafd6f1ab","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d699175a-0f17-4c7b-8d0f-2fdeafd6f1ab","Influence of Context Variation on Quality of Solutions: Experiences with Gasifier Stoves","Kersten, W.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability); Diehl, J.C. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability); Crul, M.R.M. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability)","","2017","Many global sustainable development issues affect large numbers of people, e.g. clean cooking. Most current projects focus on a specific use context, therefore do not scale well to new contexts and consequently do not reach enough beneficiaries. We present an approach, Context Variation by Design (CVD), in which insights from different contexts are intentionally combined early on in the process to develop solution directions. This creates a richer solution space than when contextual variations are developed sequentially. The rich solution space is then the basis for these contextual variations which might include connections and synergy between them. We discuss several real-life project examples that demonstrate that this approach indeed creates a basis for better solutions. In particular, confronting insights from different contexts at an early stage reveals new solution directions. To fully capture the potential the approach needs to be applied throughout the design process.","Scalability; stove; clean cooking; Design Method; complexity; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:7daa7bb0-aa3e-433f-8636-7dcddaa3391d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7daa7bb0-aa3e-433f-8636-7dcddaa3391d","Revived beauty: Research into aesthetic appreciation of materials to valorise materials fromwaste","Sauerwein, M. (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Karana, E. (TU Delft Emerging Materials); Rognoli, Valentina (Politecnico di Milano)","","2017","The use of materials derived from waste is one of the prominent ways to contribute to sustainable product design. However, there is a stark gap in literature concerning how people appraise such materials. In this paper, we present our initial attempts to understand the aesthetic appreciation of materials, in particular those derived from discarded raw materials, i.e., revived materials. Two studies were conducted for which we took the aesthetic principle unity-in-variety as the departure point. In the first study, we explored material appraisals by testing whether different visual and tactile qualities interrelate with each other in a similar or contradictory way. Based on these findings, two revived materials were modified and our main assumptions were further explored in Study 2. We outline our findings and show that the aesthetic appreciation of a material can be influenced by the (in)congruity between visual and tactile qualities of the material.","Aesthetic pleasure; Materials experience; Sensorial experience; Sustainability; Unity-in-variety; OA-Fund TU Delft","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:66d1b1bf-f80e-4cc9-ba35-2e20a1cfc191","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:66d1b1bf-f80e-4cc9-ba35-2e20a1cfc191","Between aspirations and reality: Making farming, food systems and rural areas more resilient, sustainable and equitable","Knickel, K (University of Évora; Goethe University; Centre for Rural Research); Redman, M. (Highclere Consulting); Darnhofer, I. (BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences); Ashkenazy, A. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Calvão Chebach, T. (Tel Aviv University); Šumane, Sandra (Baltic Studies Centre); Tisenkopfs, Talis (Baltic Studies Centre); Zemeckis, R. (Aleksandras Stulginskis University); Atkociuniene, V. (Aleksandras Stulginskis University); Rivera, M (Universidad Politécnica de Madrid); Strauss, A (BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences); Kristensen, L. S. (University of Copenhagen); de Schiller, S (Goethe University); Koopmans, M. E. (Universiteit Gent; Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO)); Rogge, E. (Universiteit Gent)","","2017","This paper explores the connections between farm modernisation, rural development and the resilience of agricultural and rural systems. The paper starts by ascertaining why agricultural and food systems need to change systemically. Evidence from case studies in fourteen countries is used to explore the possibilities for, and drivers and limitations of systemic change in four thematic areas: the resilience of farms and rural areas; prosperity and well-being; knowledge and innovation, and; the governance of agriculture and rural areas. In each area, we identify a major mismatch between visions and strategies on the one hand, and market developments, policy measures and outcomes on the other. The first theme is of growing concern as there has been an observable decrease in the social-ecological resilience of farms and of rural communities in recent decades. The second theme emerges as important as the concentration of production in some regions or some farms is directly linked to the marginalisation of others. The third theme illustrates that local farmer-driven innovations can teach us much, especially since farmers focus on efficiently using the resources available to them, including their location-specific experiential knowledge. Through the final theme we show that informal networks can balance different interests and approaches, which is essential for integrated rural development strategies and projects. Our findings in these four thematic areas have implications for the strategic frameworks and policy of the EU (and beyond) and future research agendas. We explicitly draw these out. The 14 case studies show that practitioners, grassroots initiatives and pilot programmes are already generating a wealth of experiences and knowledge that could be fruitfully used to inform higher-level policy development. The paper concludes that systemic change requires more critical reflection of conventional wisdom and approaches, and openness to ideas and practices that are outside the mainstream.","Agriculture; Governance; Innovation; Policy; Resilience; Rural; Social-ecological systems; Sustainability; Transformation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","2019-07-01","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:57d4a0e7-6ba3-4749-9bac-2b38c82d31e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:57d4a0e7-6ba3-4749-9bac-2b38c82d31e2","Automotive, the Future of Mobility","Rieck, F.G. (Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences); Machielsen, C. (Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences); van Duin, Ron (TU Delft Transport and Logistics; Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences)","","2017","Will the Automotive era come to an end in the 21th century? Looking at today’s environmental and economic challenges of the use of cars based on last century technology and listening to some trend watchers one could think so. Cars can be regarded, as an old school status product indeed, for which there is no use, no place, no money and no interest in our modern society. On de other hand, auto-mobility is still growing, both in developed as in developing countries. The current worldwide road travel by motorbikes, cars, trucks and busses will probably double to 80 trillion kilometers in 2050. Facing comparable mobility growth in the Dutch Port City areas of Rotterdam, this paper describes the research of the Rotterdam University of Applied Science, following developments in automotive and providing first living lab experiments. In our vision, the traditional automotive values ‘individual freedom and flexibility’ and using new disruptive technologies, the automobile will very likely consolidate its position as preferred choice for mobility of persons and goods during the 21th century. To achieve that the sustainable disruptions: Electrification, Automation and Connectivity (sharing) must be adopted. Meanwhile one should focus on tempting goals, the Six Zero’s; Zero Emission, Zero Energy, Zero Congestion, Zero Accident, Zero Empty and Zero Cost. These goals will guide us towards a new economy, sustainable ecology and more efficient use of time.","Automotive; Logistics; Disruptive; Sustainability; Smart e-Mobility; Electric Vehicle; Rotterdam","en","conference paper","","","","","","","","","","","Transport and Logistics","","",""
"uuid:5ad588a4-9ede-4f28-b0d9-7c4cdd412662","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5ad588a4-9ede-4f28-b0d9-7c4cdd412662","The Societal Impact Methodology – Connecting Citizens, Sustainability Awareness, Technological Interventions & Co-creative City Visions","Martin, C.L. (TU Delft Climate Design and Sustainability; The University of Central Lancashire (UCLan)); van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (TU Delft Architectural Engineering +Technology); Keeffe, Greg (Queen's University Belfast)","Brotas, Luisa (editor); Roaf, Susan (editor); Nicol, Fergus (editor)","2017","Sustainability needs professionals and methodologies that can bring the architecturally qualitative and scientifically quantitative together to reveal the latent potential of our cities and people. These experts must have the necessary communication skills, personalities and backgrounds to firmly place city stakeholders at the heart of this local and global challenge. This approach, developed during the City-zen Project ‘Roadshow’ (a European Union FP7 funded initiative to develop and demonstrate Zero Energy Cities), began life as a powerful but over simplistic idea. It has since developed into a realizable, mobile, intense, creative, amenable and proven approach that supports cities in their efforts toward carbon descent. The methodology continues to evolve ‘city-by-city‘ by embracing diverse climates, cultures, economies, existing urban morphologies and building typologies. It has been successfully applied in Amsterdam, Belfast, Izmir, Dubrovnik and Menorca. Upcoming destinations will be Sevilla (Spain), Roeselare (Belgium) and Klaipeda (Lithuania). A team of internationally recognized experts in sustainable urbanism & architecture, carbon accounting, energy potential mapping and advanced technologies travel with the City-zen Roadshow to facilitate this approach. This paper will describe the Societal Impact Methodology with reference to previous outcomes, activities, experiences and a detailed explanation of two mutually dependent and inspirational parallel workshops.","Societal; Methodology; Impact; Sustainability; Vision","en","conference paper","Network for Comfort and Energy Use in Buildings (NCEUB)","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","","","Architectural Engineering +Technology","Climate Design and Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:55c4bcac-b781-48aa-84f2-2d66839d1df9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:55c4bcac-b781-48aa-84f2-2d66839d1df9","Strategies for sustainable private sector-led urban development projects in the Netherlands","Heurkens, E.W.T.M. (TU Delft Urban Development Management)","","2017","Strategies and partnerships for delivering sustainable private sector-led urban development projects are yet to be effectuated. Despite the fact that actors in real estate development increasingly incorporate sustainability features into decision-making, it seems that developing sustainable urban areas – taking into account more complex social, environmental, economic issues at a bigger scale with potential wider benefits – is far from common practice in Western countries. Nevertheless, some promising climate-adaptive and circular urban development projects are currently being initiated in Dutch practice. This paper explores two contrasting sustainable private sector-led urban development strategies by drawing lessons from case studies in Amsterdam and Rotterdam.","Urban development; Sustainability; Strategies; Partnerships; Netherlands","en","conference paper","Pacific-Rim Real Estate Society","","","","","","","","","","Urban Development Management","","",""
"uuid:49e804ef-c177-4042-ab3b-e1c5af7df93c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:49e804ef-c177-4042-ab3b-e1c5af7df93c","Quality control of constructions: European trends and developments","Meijer, F.M. (TU Delft OLD Housing Quality and Process Innovation); Visscher, H.J. (TU Delft OLD Housing Quality and Process Innovation)","","2017","Purpose: This paper aims to evaluate the quality control systems for constructions in seven countries in Europe with the purpose to trace innovative approaches and best practices that can serve as examples for other countries. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is based on a series of research projects carried out over a number of years. The research results were updated in 2016 with a desktop research project in seven European countries. The results from this latest project form the heart of this paper. The information is organised into tables that describe and analyse the main features of the quality control systems of the countries (e.g. scope, focus and main characteristics of the procedures and quality demands on building professionals). Findings: Several similar trends can be recognised in the quality control systems of the various European Union (EU) countries. Quality control is getting more and more privatised and the control framework is setting checks and balances throughout the construction process. Other findings are that scope and focus of the statutory control is unbalanced. Within the control processes emphasis is put on the safety aspects of complex constructions. Far fewer demands are made on the quality of the builders. Re-orientation of the building regulatory framework seems to be needed. Research limitations/implications: The paper only focusses on European countries where private quality control is established and on selected topics. The findings are based on desktop research and not on the practical experiences of the stakeholders involved in the countries studied. Practical implications: The paper draws some important recommendations for policymakers in the building regulatory field. It suggests both an enhancement of the effectiveness of the quality control procedure as well as the commitment of builders to comply with the regulations. Social implications: The quality of constructions is essential for the wellbeing and safety of its users, its occupants or its visitors. This applies to the whole range of quality aspects: structural- and fire safety, health, sustainability and usability aspects. The analyses and recommendations of this paper aim to contribute to an improvement of the overall construction quality. Originality/value: The paper makes an original contribution to the (limited) literature that is available in this field. The results can be used to situate the quality control systems of each member state within the EU, to assess the main trends, and it can be used as a guide to develop strategic choices on possible improvements in each country.","Building regulations; Construction quality; European Union; Privatisation; Quality control; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","OLD Housing Quality and Process Innovation","","",""
"uuid:2bdf60ac-ad83-46be-afa3-fa5130e04118","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2bdf60ac-ad83-46be-afa3-fa5130e04118","The Circular Economy: A new sustainability paradigm?","Geißdörfer, M. (TU Delft Circular Product Design; TU Delft Responsible Marketing and Consumer Behavior; University of Cambridge); Savaget, Paulo (University of Cambridge); Bocken, N.M.P. (TU Delft Circular Product Design; University of Cambridge); Hultink, H.J. (TU Delft Product Innovatie Management)","","2017","While the terms Circular Economy and sustainability are increasingly gaining traction with academia, industry, and policymakers, the similarities and differences between both concepts remain ambiguous. The relationship between the concepts is not made explicit in literature, which is blurring their conceptual contours and constrains the efficacy of using the approaches in research and practice. This research addresses this gap and aims to provide conceptual clarity by distinguishing the terms and synthesising the different types of relationships between them. We conducted an extensive literature review, employing bibliometric analysis and snowballing techniques to investigate the state of the art in the field and synthesise the similarities, differences and relationships between both terms. We identified eight different relationship types in the literature and illustrated the most evident similarities and differences between both concepts.","Circular business model; Circular Economy; Closed loop; Literature review; Sustainability; Sustainable development","en","journal article","","","","","","Accepted author manuscript","","2019-01-10","","Product Innovatie Management","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:bce0c39e-ce68-49c7-aaca-8a2aedee210b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bce0c39e-ce68-49c7-aaca-8a2aedee210b","Teaching sustainability to a broad audience through an entertainment game – The effect of Catan: Oil Springs","Chappin, E.J.L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); Bijvoet, Xanna; Oei, A. (TU Delft Organisation & Governance)","","2017","In order to attain a truly sustainable society it is necessary for people to make ‘the sustainable choice’ in daily life, business and governance. Instrumental in increasing the awareness and understanding about sustainability issues and improving people's behaviour regarding sustainability issues is sustainability education. However, sustainability education is not yet widespread and is found to not always be effective in tackling people's behavioural aspects regarding sustainability issues. This paper addresses a novel form of sustainability education that has potentially both a wide reach and tackles behavioural aspects of sustainability issues directly: serious gaming. It is shown how an entertainment game, a scenario expansion for the popular board-game Settlers of Catan, can be used to educate a broad audience on sustainability issues. Through a causal analysis of the educational mechanisms embedded in the game scenario the strategies that players might use were found. Subsequently, workshops were held to observe how players are affected by playing the game. The results suggest that playing the game affects people's attitude towards sustainability and, predominantly, the sustainability of the behaviour. Although only the second finding could be supported by statistical tests, the anecdotal observations and quantitative findings do point in the same direction. It was found that the sustainability concepts embedded in the game together with the gameplay dynamics drove the educational effects of the game. These game dynamics enable players to experience real sustainability issues: players are forced to reconsider their strategies, not necessarily to save the Island of Catan, but for their own victory in the game – which is a strong lesson related to sustainability in general and climate change specifically. Future research should focus on conducting larger-scale surveys supporting the execution of statistical tests. In addition, this research points at the untapped potential of teaching sustainability concepts through entertainment games and suggests that game developers incorporate sustainability concepts through educational mechanisms in their games.","Behavioural change; Climate change awareness; Education; Entertainment game; Serious gaming; Sustainability","en","journal article","","","","","","","","2019-04-19","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:c8b24b3f-e286-454f-9709-fca25c8d6245","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c8b24b3f-e286-454f-9709-fca25c8d6245","Additive manufacturing for circular product design: A literature review from a design perspective","Sauerwein, M. (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Bakker, C.A. (TU Delft Circular Product Design); Balkenende, R. (TU Delft Circular Product Design)","Bakker, C. (editor); Mugge, R. (editor)","2017","Circular product design is a relatively new approach to design suitable strategies to realize circular products. Additive manufacturing (AM) is seen as a promising enabling production process. It has digital and additive characteristics, which makes AM different from conventional production techniques. However, it is yet unclear how this technique can contribute to circular product design in practice. In this paper, a literature review is placed in context, i.e. the results of a literature review on sustainability opportunities in AM are compared to five typical design cases in a design review.
The outcomes of the literature study reveal the aspects of the digital and additive characteristics of AM, that lead to potential sustainability opportunities. We compared these aspects to the circular design strategies as described by Bakker et al. (2014) and Bocken et al. (2016) in the context of the five selected design projects. Each project is described in terms of circular design strategies and how these were achieved through additive manufacturing.
Using design practice to reflect on the outcomes of the literature review resulted in a better understanding of the potential of additive manufacturing for circular product design. The relation between the sustainability aspects of AM and the circular design strategies were made explicit. AM seems to be especially suitable to customize parts to fit existing products and to contribute to new opportunities regarding material recycling. These findings deserve further exploration in order to understand the motives for implementation in circular product design.","Circular product design; Additive manufacturing; 3D printing; Circular economy; Sustainability","en","conference paper","IOS Press","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:0d51059a-c001-4bbe-b572-19561be1b4a6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0d51059a-c001-4bbe-b572-19561be1b4a6","Future trends for biojet fuel and biosuccinic acid production in São Paulo state, Brazil: An agent-based modelling and simulation approach to explore institutional barriers and opportunities","Fakkert, S.C.M.","Weijnen, M.P.C. (mentor); Lukszo, Z. (mentor); Correljé, A.F. (mentor); Posada Duque, J.A. (mentor); Moncada Escudero, J.A. (mentor)","2016","Within the context of growing concerns about oil supply security and greenhouse gas emissions, both the aviation and petrochemical sector are exploring alternative feedstocks for the production of jet fuel and chemicals, respectively. In that light, research into bio-based jet fuels (biojet fuel) and bio-based chemicals has been accelerating in recent years. Yet, commercialization of their production is rather difficult. Despite substantial research in production technologies for biojet fuel and biosuccinic acid, commercial production of these products is still very minimal. Therefore, a research was executed with the objective to analyze how government policies affect commercialization of biojet fuel and biosuccinic acid, within the context of sugarcane competition and international trade and to explore alternative policies. This research was operationalized in the following research question: “What set of policies can be recommended to increase the production of biojet fuel and biosuccinic acid, within the context of national and international competitition between the road transport and sugar market? The methodology used to answer the main research question is a blend of institutional analysis and agent-based modelling and simulation and was used to gain better understanding of how actors’ behaviors and interactions give rise to the emerging key variables of interest that can be observed at the macro systems level. The agent-based model that was developed was used for policy exploration in which policies were explored that might be able to increase the production of biojet fuel and biosuccinic acid in the period of 2015 until 2030. From this analysis, multiple conclusions were drawn: (1) actors’ behaviors and interactions give rise to a dynamic sugarcane market; (2) sugarcane pricing and allocation are key factors in the emergence of biojet fuel and biosuccinic acid production; (3) strong national and international competition with the sugar and ethanol market is likely to be an unstable context for biojet fuel or biosuccinic acid to be commercialized; (4) current government ethanol-support policies hinder commercialization and (5) 2G bagasse-to-biojet technology showed positive results for biojet fuel demand satisfaction.","Sustainability; agent-based modelling; complex adaptive systems; bioethanol; biojet fuel; succinic acid; aviation; petrochemical","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","Engineering, Systems and Services","","","",""
"uuid:22c4f9ef-320e-41ff-aa74-9d3ef674d7d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:22c4f9ef-320e-41ff-aa74-9d3ef674d7d3","在荷兰开发一个多中心都市群地区: 基于网络城市概念就荷兰兰斯塔德地区 开发经验分享","Cavallo, R. (TU Delft OLD Complex Projects; TU Delft Education and Student Affairs); de Waaijer, D.A. (TU Delft OLD Complex Projects)","Venhoeven, Ton (editor)","2016","","Sustainability; Urban Design; Station; Area design; Water Management","zh","book chapter","Venhoeven CS","","","","","","","","","","OLD Complex Projects","","",""
"uuid:b7977382-346c-4a71-95a6-21d9985a78c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b7977382-346c-4a71-95a6-21d9985a78c6","A sustainable habitat for Suriname: Climate responsive design for the humid tropical country of Suriname","Lachman, D.R.A.","Nottrot, R.J. (mentor); Van der Meel, H.L. (mentor); Van den Ham, E.R. (mentor)","2016","","Sustainability; Tropical Architecture; Suriname; Social Housing; Climate Responsive Design","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","Explore Lab","","5.719856,-55.246239"
"uuid:1619d28c-e0c7-4c68-a07e-d4a445d2d9f3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1619d28c-e0c7-4c68-a07e-d4a445d2d9f3","Big Data Visualization and Context Management","Buquet, R.","Calabretta, G. (mentor); van Erp, J. (mentor); Lettinga, A. (mentor)","2016","This thesis explores different perspectives on the added value of data and data visualizations in context management practices and argues that organizations can have a valuable role in the space between bottom-up and top-down approaches, as individuals’ lack of control over a context becomes an opportunity for encouragement of a sense of environmental mastery. Organizations’ ability to make changes in the environment creates awareness of their disadvantage and stimulates a reaction. A data driven platform, which consist of a personal and organizational dashboard, allows for communication between individuals and organizations and evokes a sense of control, as it allows individuals to share their experience of the context and choose an environment which meet their personal needs. Through individuals’ input, organizations are able to change the context in a way that it meets the variety of needs, and managerial success is expressed in levels of satisfaction. For organizations it becomes relevant that individuals choose a context which increases the efficiency in which organizations meet the levels of satisfaction. The role of the personal data visualizations is to provide individuals with individual meaningful data insights which encourage the interaction and provoke individual changes in behavior in favor of the collective. Gamification elements which respond to social belonging, such as social anchoring, are drivers for the data-driven platform to evoke behavioral changes which are initiated by the collective. They are supported by elements which evoke a sense of esteem, such as leaderboards and progress bars, and mastery of feedback and creativity, such as direct feedback and meaningful choices. Moreover, random and unexpected rewards evoke a sense of curiosity, which promotes a sense of urgency in the interaction. The ability for organizations and individuals to reflect upon the current context with regards to organizational goals and the variety in individuals’ needs, and the development of individual meaningful insights which promotes behavioral changes initiated by the experience of the collective, are captured and presented in a framework. The framework envisions way to handle the data and apply the data visualizations so that organizations and individuals can collaboratively transition from current to future states. Specification of the framework to case study The Edge illustrates the application of the framework, and resulted in the development of a concept proposal including an interaction scenario. Energy conservation and experienced levels of comfort are connected. The next step would be to test the effectiveness of the personal data interface; does the concept encourage individuals to interact, and change their behavior towards energy reduction? And does it allow for management based upon efficiency in meeting the desired experience?","Big Data; IoT; Data Visualization; Context Management; User Experience; Sustainability; Behavioral Change; Gamification","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Product Innovatie Management","","Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:6cd7e103-5736-4d05-a40c-4ceca8c2989c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6cd7e103-5736-4d05-a40c-4ceca8c2989c","The design of a sustainable and maintenance friendly wind turbine nacelle for DOT","Schoenmakers, P.C.","Balkenende, A.R. (mentor); Jellema, A.H. (mentor)","2016","Conventional offshore wind turbines tend to be difficult to maintain. Maintenance contributes to 25% of the total cost of energy and forms an important phase in the lifecycle of the turbine and has a significant impact on its sustainability. The design resulted from this master thesis is a nacelle for the DOT wind turbine. It creates a working environment with ergonomic consideration for the maintenance workers, improves the reachability of critical components such as the blade-tips and offers possibilities for different maintenance scenarios, such as plug and play.","Ergonomics; Sustainability; Wind Turbine; Maintenance","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Design Engineering","","Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:5ed13ab7-de95-4696-8de4-e54e3a1ec810","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5ed13ab7-de95-4696-8de4-e54e3a1ec810","Sustainable Renovation project for Social Housing in Amsterdam West","Muller, J.S.","Spoormans, L. (mentor); Quist, W. (mentor); Van den Ham, E. (mentor)","2016","This graduation project is about improving the public space and upgrading comfort of the Nemavo-Airey dwellings in Amsterdam West by a zero energy renovation of the Nemavo-Airey dwellings. The location of these dwellings is an area which is part of a conservation area of the municipality of Amsterdam West. Advanced metropolitan solutions are created for the complex challenges this area of Amsterdam West is facing now and in the near future","Sustainability; Renovation; Architecture","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Heritage and Architecture","","","",""
"uuid:9706bb2d-b183-4460-b73c-9fc4cd659d6b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9706bb2d-b183-4460-b73c-9fc4cd659d6b","A Zero-Waste Approach in the Design of Buildings: Introducing a new way of approaching sustainability in buildings with a conceptual industrial building design as an illustrative example.","Van Houten, R.S.; De Lange, N.A.","Smits, J.E.P. (mentor); Schnater, F.R. (mentor); Nottrot, R.J. (mentor)","2016","Climate change and environmental issues are important in today’s society. The earth is being depleted of its resources and the changing climate could irreversibly change the planet for the worse. Sustainable buildings are mostly optimised for the use phase but neglect end of life scenarios. Buildings are often demolished and materials are dumped on a landfill. In a world where climate change and resource depletion is a pressing issue this is not acceptable. Buildings should be designed and made in such a fashion that allows for reuse and recycling of materials. Currently there is no suitable method available to design or to assess a building for this aspect. This research presents a method that increases focus on the end of life of buildings: zero-waste designing. The goal of this study is to assess a zero-waste approach on practical application on a design and its process. The main research question of this study is how a building can be designed to generate no waste in all phases of its construction and demolition. This is divided into three sub-questions: What are the principles and functional requirements of a zero-waste building design? What are important factors in realising a zero-waste building design? What is a possible design solution for an industrial building according to zero-waste principles and requirements? These questions are answered using a mixed approach of research and design. The specific demands, requirements and tips of zero-waste are compiled and then applied on a conceptual design. An industrial building is used as an example case to answer the questions from a practical perspective. The research concludes that three main points are important in a zero-waste design. Firstly, no waste may be produced during any phase of the life of the building. Secondly, every material used in the building should remain in its respective material cycle during its life cycle. Third, reuse of materials should be made possible in such a way that invested/embodied energy is maintained as much as possible or can easily be increased. From the industrial building design case the following was concluded: The overall design realises a zero-waste design by using the right materials and by maximising the attractiveness of disassembly at the end of life of the building by appropriate detailing and system choice. The design method as proposed can be difficult to implement fully on every building design. Overall it will be difficult to put a zero-waste approach in practice in the building industry to solve the pressing issues regarding the environment. A change of mind-set is necessary. The implementation of the proposed zero-waste method will also require an infrastructure that is not yet available. Some solutions in the design test case are unproven or uneconomical compared to conventional designs. This may lead to the design not being feasible to construct. It can be concluded that designing buildings to produce zero-waste at the end of life is possible, however more research will be required to also make it feasible and to prove the proposed solutions.","Zero-waste; Sustainability; Disassembly; Industrial building; Resource depletion; Reuse; Deconstruction; Demountability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","Building Technology","","52.010332, 4.315898"
"uuid:45536a0f-77fc-4353-a429-46264bf515c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:45536a0f-77fc-4353-a429-46264bf515c5","A Zero-Waste Approach in the Design of Buildings: Introducing a new way of approaching sustainability in buildings with a conceptual industrial building design as an illustrative example.","Van Houten, R.S.; De Lange, N.A.","Smits, J.E.P. (mentor); Schnater, F.R. (mentor); Nottrot, R.J. (mentor)","2016","Climate change and environmental issues are important in today’s society. The earth is being depleted of its resources and the changing climate could irreversibly change the planet for the worse. Sustainable buildings are mostly optimised for the use phase but neglect end of life scenarios. Buildings are often demolished and materials are dumped on a landfill. In a world where climate change and resource depletion is a pressing issue this is not acceptable. Buildings should be designed and made in such a fashion that allows for reuse and recycling of materials. Currently there is no suitable method available to design or to assess a building for this aspect. This research presents a method that increases focus on the end of life of buildings: zero-waste designing. The goal of this study is to assess a zero-waste approach on practical application on a design and its process. The main research question of this study is how a building can be designed to generate no waste in all phases of its construction and demolition. This is divided into three sub-questions: What are the principles and functional requirements of a zero-waste building design? What are important factors in realising a zero-waste building design? What is a possible design solution for an industrial building according to zero-waste principles and requirements? These questions are answered using a mixed approach of research and design. The specific demands, requirements and tips of zero-waste are compiled and then applied on a conceptual design. An industrial building is used as an example case to answer the questions from a practical perspective. The research concludes that three main points are important in a zero-waste design. Firstly, no waste may be produced during any phase of the life of the building. Secondly, every material used in the building should remain in its respective material cycle during its life cycle. Third, reuse of materials should be made possible in such a way that invested/embodied energy is maintained as much as possible or can easily be increased. From the industrial building design case the following was concluded: The overall design realises a zero-waste design by using the right materials and by maximising the attractiveness of disassembly at the end of life of the building by appropriate detailing and system choice. The design method as proposed can be difficult to implement fully on every building design. Overall it will be difficult to put a zero-waste approach in practice in the building industry to solve the pressing issues regarding the environment. A change of mind-set is necessary. The implementation of the proposed zero-waste method will also require an infrastructure that is not yet available. Some solutions in the design test case are unproven or uneconomical compared to conventional designs. This may lead to the design not being feasible to construct. It can be concluded that designing buildings to produce zero-waste at the end of life is possible, however more research will be required to also make it feasible and to prove the proposed solutions.","Zero-waste; Sustainability; Disassembly; Industrial building; Resource depletion; Reuse; Deconstruction; Demountability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","Building Technology","","52.010332, 4.315898"
"uuid:48e7dbbb-7fe2-4f47-ba93-4b9e376b8c2f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48e7dbbb-7fe2-4f47-ba93-4b9e376b8c2f","A Zero-Waste Approach in the Design of Buildings: Introducing a new way of approaching sustainability in buildings with a conceptual industrial building design as an illustrative example","De Lange, N.A.; Van Houten, R.S.","Schnater, F.R. (mentor); Smits, J.E.P. (mentor); Nottrot, R.J. (mentor)","2016","Climate change and environmental issues are important in today’s society. The earth is being depleted of its resources and the changing climate could irreversibly change the planet for the worse. Sustainable buildings are mostly optimised for the use phase but neglect end of life scenarios. Buildings are often demolished and materials are dumped on a landfill. In a world where climate change and resource depletion is a pressing issue this is not acceptable. Buildings should be designed and made in such a fashion that allows for reuse and recycling of materials. Currently there is no suitable method available to design or to assess a building for this aspect. This research presents a method that increases focus on the end of life of buildings: zero-waste designing. The goal of this study is to assess a zero-waste approach on practical application on a design and its process. The main research question of this study is how a building can be designed to generate no waste in all phases of its construction and demolition. This is divided into three sub-questions: What are the principles and functional requirements of a zero-waste building design? What are important factors in realising a zero-waste building design? What is a possible design solution for an industrial building according to zero-waste principles and requirements? These questions are answered using a mixed approach of research and design. The specific demands, requirements and tips of zero-waste are compiled and then applied on a conceptual design. An industrial building is used as an example case to answer the questions from a practical perspective. The research concludes that three main points are important in a zero-waste design. Firstly, no waste may be produced during any phase of the life of the building. Secondly, every material used in the building should remain in its respective material cycle during its life cycle. Third, reuse of materials should be made possible in such a way that invested/embodied energy is maintained as much as possible or can easily be increased. From the industrial building design case the following was concluded: The overall design realises a zero-waste design by using the right materials and by maximising the attractiveness of disassembly at the end of life of the building by appropriate detailing and system choice. The design method as proposed can be difficult to implement fully on every building design. Overall it will be difficult to put a zero-waste approach in practice in the building industry to solve the pressing issues regarding the environment. A change of mind-set is necessary. The implementation of the proposed zero-waste method will also require an infrastructure that is not yet available. Some solutions in the design test case are unproven or uneconomical compared to conventional designs. This may lead to the design not being feasible to construct. It can be concluded that designing buildings to produce zero-waste at the end of life is possible, however more research will be required to also make it feasible and to prove the proposed solutions.","Zero-waste; Sustainability; Disassembly; Industrial building; Resource depletion; Reuse; Deconstruction; Demountability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","Building Technology","","52.010332, 4.315898"
"uuid:33b89cc7-33b4-4a03-b061-03dba9da2661","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:33b89cc7-33b4-4a03-b061-03dba9da2661","Designing Circular Cities: Exploring the development of circular economy in cities","Cherim, E.L.G.","Bocken, N.M.P. (mentor); Prendeville, S.M. (mentor)","2016","Urban policymakers face more complex issues than ever before in developing a socially-, economically- and environmentally sustainable cities. Some cities have already started transitioning towards a circular economy in this endeavor. This research explores the ways in which four pioneering cities have started navigating this transition, and uses design thinking to understand their needs and experiences. As a result, it offers a number of helpful, practical frameworks as well as a model for the design thinking process, adapted specifically for the purpose of the development of a circular city.","Circular Economy; Circular Cities; Sustainable Urban Development; Design Thinking; Sustainability; Cities","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Product Innovation Management","","","",""
"uuid:7e094c1f-342d-4b6d-a62a-aa4ae6783953","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e094c1f-342d-4b6d-a62a-aa4ae6783953","Bamboo, the building material of the future!:An experimental research on glueless lamination of bamboo","Kampinga, C.A.","Smit, M. (mentor); Bilow, M. (mentor)","2016","Increasing the use of bamboo will intensify local bamboo plantation and thereby the purification of the air and filtration of the soil. New ways of using bamboo in Indonesian kampungs will uplift the image of bamboo as a ‘poor mans building material’ towards a ‘sustainable self-building material’. Integrating the use of bamboo with the tendency of self-building might improve craftsmanship and thereby the economic and environmental situation of kampung residents.","Bamboo; Kampung environments; Building system; Laminating; Glue-less; Sustainability; Bamboo design; Self-building; Kampung housing; Expandability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","aE studio Bandung, Indonesia","",""
"uuid:59913b60-82a3-43d2-a026-5e9f75928e6e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:59913b60-82a3-43d2-a026-5e9f75928e6e","Possibilities and consequences of the Total Cumulative Exergy Loss method in improving the sustainability of power generation","Stougie, L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); van der Kooi, H.J. (TU Delft Reservoir Engineering)","","2016","It is difficult to decide which power generation system is the most sustainable when environmental, economic and social sustainability aspects are taken into account. Problems with conventional environmental sustainability assessment methods are that no consensus exists about the applied models and weighting factors and that exergy losses are not considered. Economic sustainability assessment methods do not lead to results that are independent of time because they are influenced by market developments, while social sustainability assessment methods suffer from the availability and qualitative or semi-quantitative nature of data. Existing exergy analysis methods do not take into account all exergy losses and/or are extended with factors or equations that are not commonly accepted. The new Total Cumulative Exergy Loss (TCExL) method is based on fundamental thermodynamic equations and takes into account all exergy losses caused by a technological system during its life cycle, i.e. internal exergy losses, exergy losses caused by emission abatement and exergy losses related to land use. The development of the TCExL method is presented as well as the application of this method and environmental, economic and social sustainability assessment methods to two case studies: power generation in combination with LNG evaporation and Fossil versus renewable energy sources for power generation. According to the results of the assessments, large differences exist between the environmental sustainability assessment and TCExL methods in the sense that different parts of the systems contribute most to their overall scores. It is concluded from the case studies that involving the TCExL method in choices between power generation systems with the same energy sources has no consequences, i.e. it does not result in a different ranking of the systems, but can lead to the choice of a system that has a lower economic sustainability if the assessed systems use different energy sources. However, it must be noted that the economic sustainability changes over time, while the results of the TCExL method do not.","Power generation; Sustainability; Total Cumulative Exergy Loss","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:86d03319-38b5-48c6-861b-f007ac2184c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:86d03319-38b5-48c6-861b-f007ac2184c6","Towards a sufficiency-driven business model: Experiences and opportunities","Bocken, N.M.P. (TU Delft Design for Sustainability); Short, SW (External organisation)","","2016","Business model innovation is an important lever for change to tackle pressing sustainability issues. In this paper, ‘sufficiency’ is proposed as a driver of business model innovation for sustainability. Sufficiency-driven business models seek to moderate overall resource consumption by curbing demand through education and consumer engagement, making products that last longer and avoiding built-in obsolescence, focusing on satisfying ‘needs’ rather than promoting ‘wants’ and fast-fashion, conscious sales and marketing techniques, new revenue models, or innovative technology solutions. This paper uses a case study approach to investigate how companies might use sufficiency as a driver for innovation and asserts that there can be a good business case for sufficiency. Business models of exemplar cases are analysed and insights are gained that will contribute to future research, policy makers and businesses interested in exploring sufficiency.","Sustainability; Sustainability consumption; Slow consumption; Product longevity; Frugal innovation","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Design for Sustainability","","",""
"uuid:7a200443-2ea7-473a-9212-aca8d4c6ce15","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7a200443-2ea7-473a-9212-aca8d4c6ce15","Is reducing speed the right mitigating action to limit harmful emissions of seagoing RoRo cargo carriers?","Frouws, J.W. (TU Delft Ship Design, Production and Operations)","","2016","The Energy Emission Design Index (EEDI) is an index indicating the CO2 emission per transportation effort, for example the emitted tons CO2 per ton mile, to be calculated for each new design. The required index for new designs will be gradually lowered in the coming years resulting in either improved energy efficiencies or speed reductions.
RoRo carriers are key stones in shore based logistical systems and as a result diverse in design speeds and main dimension ratio’s. This diversity could be threatened by the relative simplicity of the EEDI regulations. This article aims to estimate the influence of the EEDI approach on 30 existing RoRo cargo carriers. The attained EEDI’s per design are determined. Also the costs per transport effort are calculated based on the private costs and based on the social costs, both at the economically optimum speeds based on a uniformly applied sailing profile. The social costs are based on all emissions because the number of Environmental Special Area’s is limited and the impact of speed reductions will not be limited to climate change. The expected speed reductions for these designs based on the EEDI, but also the required speed reductions when taking into account the total social costs are used to estimate the effectivity from the EEDI regulations. Amongst others it was concluded that the existing diversity in service speeds and main dimension ratio’s will be jeopardized by the EEDI regulations.","EEDI; External costs; Economic performance; Vessel; Ship; RoRo; Design; Maritime technology; Maritime economic; Emissions; Sustainability; Level playing field","en","journal article","","","","","","","","","","","Ship Design, Production and Operations","","",""
"uuid:b80ad8fd-3ffc-48cf-a1b6-82554a3a9a3c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b80ad8fd-3ffc-48cf-a1b6-82554a3a9a3c","Radical Circular Economy","Prins, M.; Mohammadi, S.; Slob, N.","","2015","Recently the Circular Economy (CE) concept has gained momentum in the Netherlands, propounding that environmental impact reduction can provide a significant positive economical impulse. The government, larger parts of the industry as a whole, as well as the construction industry, has warmly received this approach. At first sight the CE concept connects over two centuries of sustainability thinking together in a relatively seen rather coherent framework. So, CE in its constituent elements doesn’t provide anything new. It is the economic framework uniting the elements, which makes CE a new and challenging approach. Insofar the Dutch construction industry is concerned, based on the extensive experiences of the authors over the past years, the CE concept gets a fragmented, incoherent and eclectic interpretation. In the paper, departing from the concept of the ‘homo-economicus’ (Mill, 1836), and the free market theory (Malthus, 1826) CE, is re-defined into ‘Radical CE’ attempting to constitute a CE theory and terminology, appropriate for the construction industry and addressing the core of the CE concept in terms of a sustainable industry and society, behaving as such because of economic incentives. Based on the concept of ‘Radical CE’, the paper describes and evaluates several CE cases. The paper concludes with some guidelines and strategies for implementing CE.","Radical Circular Economy; Sustainability; Homo-economicus; Free market theory; Circular Economy theory; Cradle 2 Cradle; Raw materials; Environmental impact reduction","en","conference paper","IBEA Publications Ltd.","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Management in the Built Environment","","","",""
"uuid:11c15aee-ec81-4dd3-94ed-2dd9948e5d28","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11c15aee-ec81-4dd3-94ed-2dd9948e5d28","Stimulating the separation of food waste among visitors","Lagendijk, T.","Christiaans, H.H.C.M. (mentor); Jepma, E.J. (mentor)","2015","","Festival; Sustainability; Visitors; Waste; Tom Lagendijk; Schaalwerk","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Industrial Design","","Master of Science Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:3cf91cf8-2288-48fb-a445-cd0860196a17","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3cf91cf8-2288-48fb-a445-cd0860196a17","Sustainable LNG regasification terminal","Quirijns, S.","Velllinga, T. (mentor); Quist, P. (mentor)","2015","In Ukraine a project is initiated to increase their energy independence, which is realized with diversifying the natural gas supply. By expanding the port of Yuzhny with an import LNG regasification terminal, it is possible to import LNG from various production plants. The scope separates the value of the terminal in short term and long term value. Three types of unloading concepts are compared for technical feasibility, which are the onshore Conventional Terminal, Floating Storage and Regasification Unit, and Gravity Based Structure. The FSRU resulted in the most optimal solution in these conditions. A preliminary design is made for the FSRU where various mooring structures are compared for constructability. The end-result is an single point mooring structure, where the FSRU serves as a mooring point for the berthing LNG carriers.","LNG; Regasification Terminal; Sustainability; Technical Feasibility","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Ports, Rivers and Dredging","","46.605265, 31.019107"
"uuid:11ab480a-2bc2-46b2-bcfd-49b6face18c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11ab480a-2bc2-46b2-bcfd-49b6face18c5","THANKS: A tool for Corporate Social Responsibility","Baldassarre, B.","Calabretta, G. (mentor); Jaskiewicz, T. (mentor)","2015","Thanks is a service based on a smartphone application, which enables companies to step up with corporate social responsibility (CSR) by reducing energy consumption in their office buildings while supporting one NGO working for environmental protection and conservation.","Sustainability; Service Design; Energy","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Product Innovation Management","","","",""
"uuid:ef74b3d7-2efa-47ad-bc96-f6ff2624d3ae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ef74b3d7-2efa-47ad-bc96-f6ff2624d3ae","Bouwen aan de Circulaire Economie: ""Een betere wereld begint bij het stellen van een betere vraag""","Loppies, W.W.","Van Doorn, A.J. (mentor); Santema, S.C. (mentor); Slob, N. (mentor); Mohammadi, S. (mentor)","2015","Since the beginning of industrial evolution, industrialization has created a dominating unilateral production- and consumption model. This one-way model of production, also described as a linear model, encompasses a ‘take, make, waste’ pattern in which natural resources are extracted from the Earth, manufactured into goods, used and eventually discarded as waste. It is characterized by a shift in responsibility from the producer of products or goods towards the user in which the consumer has to take care of disposal. Without any incentive to do otherwise, waste will be the final stage of products or goods. The linear economy has proven to be successful in providing affordable products for consumers and material welfare. However, since the publication of ‘limits to growth’ by the Club of Rome during the 70’s, we have witnessed a rising deliberation due to this model’s paradox. The world is finite. The exponential growth in resource extraction due to population growth and shifting consumption patterns in a linear economy is putting stress on our planet. As a result, resource efficiency and depletion will become one of the main challenges during the 21st century. One of the difficulties in developing the circular economy has been related to the topic of procurement. This research focuses on the procurement of circular buildings, specifically on how it should be specified during tender processes. It focuses on the main research question: how can clients (or commissioning companies) of construction projects specify their need/demand order to stimulate circular building? In order to answer this question explorative and unstructured research has been employed on three main themes: circular economy, circular building and tender specification. The circular economy is an economic and industrial system, regenerative by design that aims to maximize the reuse of products and materials and minimizes or eradicates waste by ‘system thinking’. In this research, system thinking is portrayed in form of seven ‘loops’: biochemical feedstock; cascades; maintenance; reuse; remanufacture/refurbish; recycle, which allow materials to flow between the economy and user without becoming waste. Literature study, and interviewees have resulted in three main principles for circular building: 1) using materials that undermine the circular economy; 2) design for circularity; and 3) safeguarding circularity. In order to find out how these principles can be translated to the built environment and how it can be specified during tendering, four case studies have been conducted on construction projects that include circular economy as one of the main concepts. The case studies concluded that the involved parties did their best in attempting circularity but that circular economy in the built environment needs to be further developed in order to fully achieve these principles. The lack of knowledge and measuring tools makes it difficult to specify the circular economy in tender specifications. All four cases had included innovative and new ways of procurement methods. The research concludes the following five steps for clients to stimulate circular building using tender specification: 1) Defining a clear formulation of the client’s ambition; 2) Translating these ambitions to performance-based requirements and possible circular solutions; 3) Determine where to put the emphasis. The more detailed the specification, the more the market parties will be limited; 4) Involving a consortium; 5) Willingness, trust and transparency between the involved parties are key to stimulate innovation and circular solutions.","Circular Economy; Lineair Economy; Sustainability; Global Resource Depletion; Built Environment; Dutch Construction Sector; Procurement; Tender Specification; Circulaire Economie; Inkoop; Vraagspecificatie; Bouw","nl","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Real Estate & Housing","","Design & Construction Management","",""
"uuid:6ab97f15-a325-4d14-aef9-20a93a0b86e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6ab97f15-a325-4d14-aef9-20a93a0b86e7","Comprehensive modelling and sizing of PV systems from location to load","Isabella, O. (TU Delft Photovoltaic Materials and Devices); Ganesan Nair, G. (TU Delft Photovoltaic Materials and Devices); Tozzi, A (External organisation); Hernandez Castro Barreto, J (External organisation); Chandra Mouli, G.R. (TU Delft DC systems, Energy conversion & Storage); Lantsheer, F (Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute (KNMI)); van Berkel, S (SolarNRG); Zeman, M. (TU Delft Photovoltaic Materials and Devices)","Braun, A (editor); Fan, H (editor); Haenen, K (editor); Stanciu, L (editor); Theil, JA (editor)","2015","Photovoltaic (PV) systems are progressively used for decentralized electricity generation. To obtain the maximum yield from such systems, optimisation of all components is essential. In this contribution, we provide a comprehensive modelling and sizing of PV systems for any location. Three applications are here presented providing real time monitoring of PV potential, accurate prediction of yield taking into account thermodynamic temperature effects, optimization of modules orientation addressing the effects of shading and efficient sizing of inverter for a higher yield output. When combined, these models can accurately predict the real time performance of any PV system.","Sustainability; simulation; photovoltaic","en","conference paper","Materials Reserach Society","","","","","Accepted Author Manuscript","","","","","Photovoltaic Materials and Devices","","",""
"uuid:80814b88-fe5a-43a1-8485-f93d0dc36cca","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:80814b88-fe5a-43a1-8485-f93d0dc36cca","Sustainability Assessment of Power Generation Systems by Applying Exergy Analysis and LCA Methods","Stougie, L. (TU Delft Energie and Industrie); van der Kooi, H.J. (TU Delft Reservoir Engineering); Valero Delgado, A. (Research Centre for Energy Resources and Consumption)","","2015","The selection of power generation systems is important when striving for a more sustainable society. However, the results of environmental, economic and social sustainability assessments are subject to new insights into the calculation methods and to changing needs, economic conditions and societal preferences. Researchers active in the field of exergy and sustainability claim that exergy losses and sustainability are related. The Total Cumulative Exergy Loss method and the exergy replacement costs of minerals are used to assess and compare power generation systems that make use of fossil and renewable energy carriers. These power generation systems are the following: an ultrasupercritical coal power plant, a power plant that co-fires coal and biomass, a wind farm, and a combined cycle power plant that uses bioethanol originating from the fermentation of verge grass. Furthermore, environmental, economic and social sustainability assessment methods are applied to assess the four power generation systems as well. On the basis of the results of the assessments, it is concluded that the wind farm system is preferred from the environmental, social and exergetic sustainability points of view, but not from the economic sustainability viewpoint. The advantage of the exergetic sustainability assessment method is that its results are not influenced by choices like whether verge grass should be considered a waste product or not. The influence of the exergy replacement costs on the results of the exergetic assessment is small, because less than 5 per cent of the exergy input of the systems during construction, operation and commission is of mineral origin. When looking at the infrastructural part of the systems only, the influence of the exergy replacement costs is larger because about 25 to 40 per cent of the exergy input is of mineral origin.","Sustainability; Power Generation; Total Cumulative Exergy Loss; Exergy Replacement Costs; Environmental; Economic and Social Sustainability","en","conference paper","","","","","","accepted authors manuscript","","","","","Energie and Industrie","","",""
"uuid:c800cea5-499e-4fe8-9412-3885ac529695","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c800cea5-499e-4fe8-9412-3885ac529695","Developments and challenges in design for sustainability of electronics","Balkenende, R. (TU Delft Circular Product Design; Philips Research); Bakker, C.A. (TU Delft Circular Product Design)","Curran, R. (editor); Wognum, N. (editor); Borsato, M. (editor); Stjepandić, J. (editor); Verhagen, W.J.C. (editor)","2015","Sustainability of electronic products until recently mainly focused on improving the energy efficiency. Recently, resource efficiency has become of growing importance. Due to the use of relatively small amounts of many valuable and scarce materials, often intimately mixed, the design of electronic products deserves specific attention. From a materials perspective measures are needed to improve on recyclability. In addition to the use of recyclable materials, the ability to break connections between materials that are not compatible in recycling processes is crucial. Environmentally and economically more interesting than recovery of materials is the reuse of components or products. To enable multiple product lifecycles, product design should also explicitly address maintenance, upgradeability, modularity and disassembly. Design guidelines will be presented and challenges with respect to impact assessment and business model development will be discussed.","Circular economy; Design tools; Electronic waste; Electronics; End-of-life treatment; Product design; Re-use; Recycling; Resource efficiency; Sustainability","en","conference paper","IOS Press","","","","","","","","","","Circular Product Design","","",""
"uuid:ee9deca0-b953-40af-9540-028c720512a5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee9deca0-b953-40af-9540-028c720512a5","Prefab vs. In-Situ Concrete Viaducts","Bakker, M.","Van der Horst, A.Q.C. (mentor); Van der Veen, C. (mentor); Houben, L.J.M. (mentor)","2014","","Prefab concrete; In-Situ concrete; Viaducts; Economical attractive solution; Impact on traffic; Building time schedule; Direct & Indirect costs; Sustainability; Execution methods","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering","","Structural and Building Engineering","",""
"uuid:a9437078-bcbe-408e-8662-6ad65b75b138","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a9437078-bcbe-408e-8662-6ad65b75b138","On the Edge of Sustainable Urban Freight Distribution: Research on the Diversity of Perspectives Towards Urban Freight Consolidation","Slabbekoorn, M.","Van Duin, J.H.R. (mentor); Cuppen, E. (mentor); Tavasszy, L.A. (mentor); Quak, H.J. (mentor)","2014","In order to find a solution for the negative externalities that come along with the urban freight demand due to increasing residents in urban areas a previous thesis of Roger Peters (2012), about the impact of municipal decisions on the city distribution system of Breda, concludes that road pricing together with the availability of an urban consolidation centre (UCC) is the best solution to create ideal conditions for scalability of bundling and reduce vehicle kilometres. The thesis falls short in the way it needs to be implemented and the consequences of the interventions in normal activities of the many stakeholders involved. Therefore, one of the recommendations made by Peters is to investigate what the effects are and whether this generates the shift that is intended. Because stakeholder participation in scalability is found very important, the challenge lies apparently in the identification of the variability in perspectives of stakeholders in the urban freight system and exploring how these can be served better with regard to scalability of urban consolidation concepts. Therefore this thesis explored the perspectives towards urban consolidation in order to reach the intended scalability of urban consolidation initiatives, by trying to give an answer on the research question “How can one deal with the diversity in perspectives towards urban consolidation, in order to achieve scalability in terms of enough volume, stakeholder participation and applicability to different environments?” In a literature review it is identified what already have been explored in this area in order to search for a method that is suitable for exploring the perspectives. The methodology that is identified as most suitable is Q methodological research. This method uses empirical evidence gathered from the whole urban freight domain without demanding a hypothetical direction, what results in a more comprehensive method with shared perspectives as outcome. However, Q methodological research requires a scientific framework together with interviews among important stakeholder groups to develop a comprehensive framework as input for the Q study, which is the scientific base of the methodology. The framework consists of customer scenarios to identify what the possible design principles are and business model value changes to identify how these principles have impact on the business of stakeholders involved. These principles and business model changes are the input for the Q methodological research. The input for this empirical analysis is statements that are gathered with this scientific base and with the use of expert interviews in addition. These statements were ranked on a scale in relation to each other. This gives a clear view of what respondents find more important in relation to the topic. From the empirical analysis four perspectives were identified. The names of the perspectives are given by the most dominant statements and the most diverging statements that represented that perspective, so that they represent their content. “Steering the traffic market” shows that restrictive measures are in favour, “Transaction cost economics” shows that parties find it too expensive to shift to urban consolidation because high investments, “Start at the parties with resources” shows that some producers provide opportunities for consolidation and “Restrictions are not done!” presents the lack of support for restrictive measures. Additional factors that were found important are neutrality, product differentiation, positive behaviour rewarding and harmonization between cities. How to deal with these perspectives in relation to the three dimensions of scalability was the main aim in this thesis. In relation to scalability in terms of volume one can best start at shippers. These shippers have the characteristics of large producers with a very differentiated and large product diversity and customers over the whole country so that dedicated or own transport does not have any effect for visibility as their product range is too wide. For other parties, time is an important aspect because of sunk costs and the value of control, visibility and service that is still very high rated at the moment due to the psychological phenomenon ‘justification behaviour’. Logistic service providers are expected to have too high costs to switch when the urban network is still too thin and retailers do not have the resources to make an UCC viable. If restrictions are imposed to contribute to the value propositions of local administrators, then one has to be aware of the effects because government failure lurks. The reasons can be short time horizons and unanticipated effects due to political motivations resp. complex material. In addition it shows that disparities are present between branch organisations and at least a part of the group they represent, what give rise to the question if they should be better linked. Additional services are found not critical and certainly not positive when it adds costs. In relation to applicability to different environments it was derived that system harmonization is important for logistic service providers and shippers in order to prevent that they have to deal with different system interfaces. Different system interfaces will cause that stakeholders are not willing to participate because it is too difficult to adjust to each system individually. IT integration for data communication is very important in the logistic chain. In this way products can be traced and responsibilities can be factored in. Also nation-wide coverage is necessary to assure before efficiency improvement can be guaranteed. This is still not the case and can be referred to as the ‘not invented here syndrome’. Even now certain psychological frameworks are discovered and confirmed in the urban freight dialogue it shows to be very limited what Green City Distribution can bring about in relation to their resources. However, it is important for them to focus on the group of shippers that is aware of the efficiency increase that comes along with urban consolidation if there is enough volume. They have to start at parties that do not have own or dedicated logistic activities, but use the open network. Besides, these parties should be large enough to generate volume. These shippers have the characteristics of large producers with a very differentiated and large product diversity and customers over the whole country so that dedicated or own transport does not have any effect for visibility as their product range is too wide, for instance P&G and Unilever. Because a lot of parties have a negative perception towards urban consolidation it is important to communicate the results of this research to make them aware of the fact that cost efficiency can be reached if parties work together and generate volume. The results of a Q study are very suitable to do so, because stakeholders can identify their selves with the explored ones. For UCC development in general it is advisable to collaborate together with other existing UCC initiatives. In this way a nation-wide coverage can be assured much faster and stakeholders engage earlier when systems are the same, for this they have to break through the ‘not invented here syndrome’.","Sustainability; Urban Freight Consolidation; Q-Methodology; Perspectives","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","T&L","","","",""
"uuid:e2128976-e606-4bcc-95bb-f68121cfb51f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e2128976-e606-4bcc-95bb-f68121cfb51f","Designing a scorecard to create insight into partnerships between traditional energy companies and Dutch cities on the sustainable energy topic","Hartman, M.","Thissen, W.A.H. (mentor); Bots, P.W.G. (mentor); Van Bueren, E.M. (mentor)","2014","This research focuses on collaborations between traditional energy companies and cities to increase the sustainability of cities and will be illustrated by the Vattenfall Sustainable Cities case. The environment of traditional energy companies like Vattenfall is changing. Renewable, distributed and more efficient energy generation technologies are developed, driven by climate change, declining fossil fuel reserves, geopolitical dynamics and changing market forces. Energy companies are being forced to find a new way of working in the face of increased regulation and changing energy mix with pressure to build low-carbon generation facilities. The World population is heading towards 9 billion, which will be accompanied by massive urban migration. At the moment cities alone are responsible for up to 75% of the generated CO2 emissions. With the increasing urban migration, the percentage is yet expected to further increase. Compact cities, cities with a high residential density and mixed land use, appear to be one of the best opportunities of sustainable development. This study is aimed to identify which urban factors influence the success of collaborations between traditional energy companies and cities to increase the sustainability of the city. A decision tool will be designed, whose design and implementation are approached in the present study. The question at the core of this paper is indeed the following: Which tool can be designed to create insight in the important factors in urban environments which determine the success of a collaboration between a traditional energy company and a Dutch municipality in order to improve the sustainability of a city?","City; Energy Company; Partnerships; Scorecard; Strategy; Sustainability; Transition","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","2015-07-08","Technology, Policy and Management","Policy Analysis","","SEPAM","",""
"uuid:424cf31b-680b-42d3-9d08-122bfb3ae08f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:424cf31b-680b-42d3-9d08-122bfb3ae08f","United Nations Environmental Council","Olberts, I.L.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); Gremmen, B. (mentor); Van den Dobbelsteen, A.A.J.F. (mentor)","2014","The United Nations Environmental Council will be the needed new center for sustainability in the world and has the task to deal with sustainability problems like waste, energy and biodiversity on a global level. The program of demands asks for an “icon of sustainability” on the plot of the United Nations Headquarters. In order to build sustainable, we need to rethink the way we design. In it's materialization, the Council building seeks to not only have a minimum negative impact on it's surroundings, but also to improve them. Perhaps this way we could turn building from a unsustainable act into a sustainable one.","United Nations; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","SADD Materialisation studio","","40.450455, 73.581920"
"uuid:b2e31374-be14-4ae3-b7fd-a3372d63eb1b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b2e31374-be14-4ae3-b7fd-a3372d63eb1b","New industrial engine: Chicago South Works Station","Lee, H.Y.","Caso, O. (mentor)","2014","","Chicago; South Works; station; recycle; Green Stream; Sustainability; ecological","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","Complex Projects, Chicago South Works","",""
"uuid:5c3a35e0-365a-4e71-8148-03909a83bbbd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5c3a35e0-365a-4e71-8148-03909a83bbbd","Climate adaptive solutions for the neighbourhood","Van Lohuizen, J.E.","Aalbers, K.P.M. (mentor); Hausleitner, B. (mentor)","2014","A toolbox of small-scale interventions to facilitate adaptation to impact of climate change in the existing urban tissue.","Climate change adaptation; Participation; Sustainability; Toolbox; Rotterdam","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","Urban Regeneration Studio","",""
"uuid:d1662dc5-9706-4bb5-933b-75704c72ba30","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d1662dc5-9706-4bb5-933b-75704c72ba30","Implications of Social Practice Theory for Sustainable Design","Kuijer, S.C.","Van Eijk, D.J. (promotor); De Jong, A.M. (promotor)","2014","Sustainable design faces challenges at a scale and level of complexity that are ill at ease with design’s mainstream focus on products and users. Recently, social practice theory has been suggested as a promising theoretical framework to inform new ways of designing. In social practice theory, practices – socially shared entities such as cleaning, cooking and playing – are taken as the fundamental unit of analysis. So far, however, design research in this area has been scattered and varying strongly in its interpretations of the implications of a ‘practice-orientation’. This thesis explores these implications through a series of empirical projects on the topics of bathing and staying warm at home and proposes a coherent practice-oriented approach to sustainable design.","Social Practice Theory; Design; Sustainability; Bathing; Heating; Practice-Oriented Design; Households","en","doctoral thesis","","","","","","","","","Industrial Design Engineering","Industrial Design","","","",""
"uuid:482539b2-921a-4be2-8e99-e6b3e5d32091","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:482539b2-921a-4be2-8e99-e6b3e5d32091","The Green Factory","Engelbertink, C.D.","Aalbers, K. (mentor); Koorstra, P. (mentor); Van de Voort, J. (mentor)","2013","Leaning children the working of the food cycle through the use off architecture. To create sustainable awareness.","Children; Sustainability; Psychology architecture","nl","master thesis","","","","","","","","2014-02-01","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","Explore Lab","",""
"uuid:81d33e6d-f5bc-4889-963b-db20cbe17fb0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:81d33e6d-f5bc-4889-963b-db20cbe17fb0","Building a better Cittaslow: Bringing the Slow City to its Inhabitants","Savaskan, R.C.","Meijer, S.A. (mentor)","2013","This master thesis takes a look at the Slow City applications in Turkey - a top-down international certification organization based on sustainable development for towns, and how to bring it down to the level of their locals, making the concept socially more sustainable (as opposed to depending on the policies of the administration). The thesis starts with a look at relevant literature (Slow Cities, Sustainable Urban Design & Development, Resilience, Marketing Places, Design for Sustainability, and the Development of Product Service Systems) and follows up by a qualitative study involving interviews with the administrations and locals of the 5 first towns in Turkey to get certified as Slow Cities - Seferihisar, Tarakli, Gokceada, Yenipazar, and Akyaka. The thesis suggests that to reach a more resilient community, these towns need to implement a community center built around integration with the nearby universities to help recognize and celebrate the distinct culture of these towns, while bettering the lives of the locals through innovative ideas and social activities provided by the center.","Slow City; Community Center; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Product Innovation Management","","Master of Science Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:4d34c79b-b863-48ea-9fab-3419cac4bd72","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4d34c79b-b863-48ea-9fab-3419cac4bd72","Perceived Corporate Social Responsibility performance: An analysis of the Rabobank Netherlands","Jagtman, A.G.","Den Hartigh, E. (mentor); Brugman, O.P.G. (mentor); Mulder, K.F. (mentor)","2013","Perceptions of individuals do not necessarily match reality. Neither does the perceived and actual corporate sustainability performance. It could be quite the opposite. The actual performance could improve while the perceived performance declines or vice versa. A mismatch between perceptions and reality can entail risks or business opportunities could be missed. Companies aspiring to become a sustainability leader should pay attention to both the perceived and actual corporate sustainability performance. Therefore, a strategic dashboard was developed.","Corporate Social Responsibility; Perceptions; Sustainability; Reputation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2013-07-26","Technology, Policy and Management","Technology, strategy and entrepreneurship","","","",""
"uuid:77b8c7b5-fb5b-4a33-b4ce-70f272efc740","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:77b8c7b5-fb5b-4a33-b4ce-70f272efc740","The Lobby of the Metropole","Loer, F.","Pimlott, M. (mentor); Van der Zaag, E. (mentor); Madrazo, F. (mentor)","2013","The lobby of the Metropole, a habitable bridge in Rotterdam In our mobilized epoch considered as the network era, hubs are crucial devices for the orchestration of our cities. Road and building mediate in the quality of our cityscapes like the Randstad in which we live as continuous commuters. The habitable bridge is used as the ultimate typology for the examination of a new form of architecture in which a multitude of urban functions are brought together. The province meets the city, the artificial meets the natural, architecture meets infrastructure. Despite a strong belief in the capacities of architecture and infrastructure, Rotterdam did not manage to merge these two paradigms after the Second World War. Although the ambition is there to merge the boulevard with the river, the south with the north, the street with the building, significant proposals are lacking. Through the use of historical precedents like the multifunctional Boompjes of the Golden Age, the reintroduction of the river as valuable public space is envisioned. The fascination for a multifunctional bridge, merged with the ambitions of Rotterdam, catalyzed by the architectural needs of a new era forms the base for my proposal ‘The Lobby of the Metropole: the Fusion of Architecture and Infrastructure in Tomorrow’s Megalopolis’. METABOLISTIC COLLECTIVE FORM AND THE POTENTIAL OF CONGESTION The city is approached as an organism that comes to life through a multitude of streams. The careful orchestration of urban flows is considered as the main challenge of the urban fabric. The integral design of landscape, architecture and infrastructure could catalyze the quality of our future cities. Previous to my design ‘The Lobby of the Metropole’, I did an extensive research into the ideas of the Japanes Metabolists and the history of Rotterdam. Through a written report called ‘The fusion of architecture and infrastructure in tomorrow’s Megalopolis - The Relevance of the Metabolistic Collective Form in the Network Era’ I have laid the foundation for my design. The acknowledgement of different speeds in the city is integrated in the design of a habitable bridge in which a variety of streams are accomodated, among other: walking, biking, living, working, commuting (tram) and driving (car). The resulting proposal for a multimodal hub exploits densification in favour of urban sprawl. The design acknowledges the potential of metropolitan accumalation instead of considering a new realm as unmanageable congestion. Approaching the infrastructure of the city as architectural challenge provides a new attitude in which landscape (public space), architecture (buildings) and infrastructure (roads) are considered as equal mediators in the city. To improve the quality of Rotterdam, the ground floor of the design is kept free for pedestrians, bikers and public transport. Favouring slow traffic at the expense of cars will improve the habitable quality of the city. The large open ended steel structure accomodates public and private program. Future transformations can easily be processed through the use of a flexible system in which ventilation, data, energy and walls are easily accessible. Programs work through a ‘plug and play’ method.","lobby; Metropole; habitable bridge; architecture infrastructure; architecture; infrastructure; bridge; megalopolis; metabolism; Rotterdam; Multimodal; Hub; Terminal; New era; Flexibility; Sustainability; Technology; Domestication; Collective Form; Fumihiko Maki; Havenstad; Harbor; Harbour; Riverside; River; Urbanism; Plinth; Groundscraper; Living Bridge","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2016-07-05","Architecture","Explore Lab","","","",""
"uuid:84ee7bd7-dc5e-4c3c-90aa-4680572e0de4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:84ee7bd7-dc5e-4c3c-90aa-4680572e0de4","The Fluid Network; A new design for the United Nations Environmental Council","Duis, W.J.M.","Van Bennekom, H. (mentor); Meijs, M. (mentor)","2013","Graduation project for a new design for the United Nations Environmental Council in New York.","United Nations; Le Corbusier; Niemeyer; East River; New York; Manhattan; UN; Visual connection; Sustainability; Fluid Network","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2013-07-27","Architecture","Materialisation","","SADD","",""
"uuid:66e1ca03-34a5-4003-992f-19ae70bd20a8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:66e1ca03-34a5-4003-992f-19ae70bd20a8","Strategic Architectural Design Development: United Nations Environmental Council","Verhoeven, J.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); Meijs, M.H. (mentor)","2012","The design for a new United Nations Environmental Council on the current plot of the UN in Manhattan, New York.","United Nations; Jimmy Verhoeven; UNEC; Sustainability; SADD; Materialisation","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Architecture","","Materialisation","",""
"uuid:d3d00f18-e4dc-40f6-a04d-c3e1d2f830f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d3d00f18-e4dc-40f6-a04d-c3e1d2f830f0","Duurzaamheid als Aanbestedingscriterium bij Haveninvesteringen","Broesterhuizen, E.F.M.","Vellinga, T. (mentor); Docters van Leeuwen, L. (mentor); Zwakhals, J.W. (mentor); Taneja, P. (mentor); Nijdam, M. (mentor); Verhaeghe, R.J. (mentor)","2012","Many industries are already aware of the fact that they can gain higher profits by integrating sustainability within their management process. The construction industry seems to be a late developer. Lately, port authorities have started many initiatives for a more sustainable port. To make ports more sustainable it is worthwhile to improve the construction of infrastructure and building projects: the construction industry is still one of the most polluting industries. Hence, in this thesis the answer is given to the question of how to integrate sustainability as a procurement criterion for infrastructure projects in ports. This is done by developing a procurement model which is aimed at sustainable procurement. Sustainability is important for a port: the amount of total environmental space is decreasing due to stricter policies. To enable further growth of port activities, sustainable management is inevitable. A more sustainable port results in a larger public support for port activities. Furthermore, sustainable management can result in lower costs due to a higher efficiency in the business activities. It is important that the port authority chooses for a contracting form that allows enough space for the contractor to deliver a sustainable construction. This is possible with innovative contracting forms such as D&B contracts in contrast to traditional contracting forms. The right procurement procedure is important too. The model includes criteria and an evaluation method. These criteria are set based on interviews with stakeholders and literature search. These criteria can be categorized in the fields People, Planet and Profit. It is essential to apply Life Cycle Analyses with a preference for quantification of criteria e.g. emission footprints. In practice this is almost impossible due to the complex computations which contractors have to do. That is why the applied model is different from the ideal model, because there is chosen to assess the different measures in a qualitative way on 1) how specific, measurable, acceptable, realistic and time bounded the measures are and on 2) the impact during the whole Life Cycle of the construction. It is important that it is clear for the contractor which criteria are used and what is demanded by the assessment of the measures on sustainability. The alternatives are evaluated with the concordance method. This method is emerged as the most suitable based on applicability, transparency, flexibility, stability, effectiveness and user-friendliness. Beside it evaluates the scoring on weighted criteria (concordance), the concordance method evaluates how low the alternative scores for a good balance between the criteria. This is how this method distinguishes itself in a positive way. The criteria with the evaluation method form the model and it is applied on three different projects for the construction of quay walls in the port of Rotterdam. There was a clear differentiation between the alternatives in the outcomes, in an appraisal was made between sustainable criteria and investment costs. The model is applicable in different phases in the tender process. The scores on concordance and discordance give extra information about the foundations of the outcomes of the tender, which is an advantage of the method.","Port Infrastructure; Procurement; Sustainability; Life Cycle Analysis; Port Development","nl","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:89afe5d4-3b19-4ffa-b4fe-1abfe5490f03","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:89afe5d4-3b19-4ffa-b4fe-1abfe5490f03","How to use Slow Design to make products more sustainable?","Grosse-Hering, B.M.","Desmet, P. (mentor); Bakker, C. (mentor)","2012","Slow Design is a design philosophy that aims at supporting well-being for individuals, society, and the natural environment. It encourages people in doing things at the right time and with the right speed and helps them to understand and reflect on their actions. Nevertheless, how can this philosophy be used to create mass-produced consumer electronics that are more sustainable? In this graduation project the Slow Design Principles, as defined by Carolyn F. Strauss and Alastair Fuad-Luke, were explored and applied in order to develop concepts for consumer electronics that are more sustainable. Slow Design was used to enhance the bond between the user and the product, leading to a longer and more sustainable use. A home study and interviews were conducted to gather insight into how, when and where it is valuable to slow people, or processes, down. To demonstrate how the Slow Design Principles can be translated into an industrial product, as well as to test if this method affects the product attachment positively, a product of the Philips portfolio was selected – the centrifugal juicer – and a case study created. For the purpose of understanding the main opportunities and threats and of the current Philips juicer, a user research was conducted. Keeping the insights from this research in mind, the Slow Design Principles were applied with the help of Mind Maps. A selection of the resultant juicer concepts formed the case study named ‘JuicyMo’. This juicer was realized in a mock-up prototype in order to conduct a user test and gather insights into the degree of attachment of the participants to the new device and into whether they can find the essence of the Slow Design Principles in the juicer. Among other things, the results showed that the users stayed involved in the process, a key element for product attachment. Furthermore, all of the applied Slow Design Principles could be experienced and identified by the participants. In conclusion, a user and context research is necessary for the understanding of users’ needs and the results have to be taken into consideration during the final Slow Design concepts selection in order to create more sustainable consumer electronics. Once ‘Slow’ becomes ‘irritating’ and is used in the wrong moment, the product attachment decreases as will the frequency of the product usage. If this happens the goal of creating products that are more sustainable is not achieved. Hence, the results of the research can help to pinpoint the ‘right and important‘ moment in the usage process for the ‘slowing down‘ of some segments and the ‘speeding up‘ of others. A selection of concepts developed through the application of the Slow Design Principles formed the ‘Book of inspiration’, explaining the method of Slow Design, as well as inspire designers.","Sustainability; Design for Emotion; User experience; Product attachment","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","2013-05-14","Industrial Design Engineering","Design for Interaction","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:697b0ca9-a439-4faf-99de-20cf720d527b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:697b0ca9-a439-4faf-99de-20cf720d527b","Textiles4Life: Design of disaster relief equipment with discarded textiles","Lopez Triguero, A.M.","Diehl, J.C. (mentor); Koster, R.P. (mentor)","2012","The thesis explores the potential of recycling textiles to be used as a solution for disaster relief in winter areas. The followed process is a systematic method where the required areas are researched, to finally achieve three potential solutions. The firs solution is a scarf with a hood sewed into it. It can be wrapped around the neck, and it covers mouth and nose if necessary, to have a bigger protection against cold. It is not tight on the head or neck making it comfortable to use also while sleeping. It is sold in western markets with the formula “buy one, give one”, so when western buyers buy one they are donating another one to a victim in need. Tiletex is a modular floor solution done with insulating textiles that can be anchored directly to the ground and provide a sur- face to sleep, sit or lay in transitional shelters. It can be installed by the victims with standard components. Refabrics is a business model to create recycled cotton clothes spun and weaved by hand by Pakistani victims. This concept strays from the original assignment, winterized products, but it will provide an income source to the victims and they will become economically independent.","Disasters; Recycling; Textiles; Winter; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Industrial Design","","Master of Science Integrated Product Design","",""
"uuid:63d345e9-0767-43db-867a-b3e99af4ad6a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:63d345e9-0767-43db-867a-b3e99af4ad6a","scheme #43","Semplonius, Y.D.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); Meijs, M.H. (mentor); Van de Laar, J.P.J.M. (mentor)","2012","This project concerns a graduation project from the department of materialisation: Strategic Architectural Design Development (SADD). The design focuses upon a new UN council in New York City: the United Nations Environmental Council (UNEC) which is placed in the north lawn, next to the current UN Headquarters. The building contains a mixed program of functions which are coherent to the building’s main function: to collect research material (library), to produce policies (offices), to propagate to citizens (auditoria) and to exchange knowledge to countries (the main council room). Due to the very nature of the building varies sustainable solutions are architecturally integrated in the design.","SADD; UNEC; Sustainability; United Nations; New York; Architecture","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Architecture","","Materialisation: Strategic Architectural Design Development (SADD)","",""
"uuid:51b1ed83-c6c7-470d-823f-3aef7ef10b80","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:51b1ed83-c6c7-470d-823f-3aef7ef10b80","Fulfilling Brand Aspirations with Sustainability - Bruynzeel Home Products","Dam, J.C.","Santema, S.C. (mentor); Wever, R. (mentor); Van Leeuwen, R.J. (mentor)","2012","Introduction The central question in this report is: How can Bruynzeel successfully integrate sustainability in its business? Sustainability is generally getting more attention and Bruynzeel’s customers (DIY-chains and expert-dealers) sometimes take inventory of sustainable products or start other sustainable initiatives. Bruynzeel now wants to know how sustainability can be integrated in their business so it can contribute to the company’s results. Integrating sustainability should lead to positive results rather than lead to losses. Three research subjects have been the foundation for composing an advice: sustainability, Bruynzeel and the context of Bruynzeel. Sustainability What is sustainability? The most used interpretation of sustainable development is that from the Brundtlandt commission (1987): a “development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. This general definition needs an interpretation for Bruynzeel. Bruynzeel must realize that sustainability is not an attached subject to the company and is time consuming and loss-making. Sustainability is a balance between people, planet and profit. Profit can only be realized on the condition of people and planet. The balance requires a full integration of sustainability, only than can sustainability contribute to profits. Concerning sustainable results, sustainable development should be regarded as making small steps in the right direction that are relative improvements of a certain situation. Sustainability implementation programs have to be tailor-made for each company and each situation, there is no general solution or strategy on how to implement sustainability successfully. It is a combination of the right elements and circumstances. First Bruynzeel need to be clear and of the same mind on the motivation why sustainability has to be integrated. That is a determining factor in finding the right content but also in being successful with sustainability. Than, it must become clear what the steps are that Bruynzeel makes if it applies sustainability. The combination of the SWOT-elements form the basis for a strategy in which sustainability adds value to the company. Bruynzeel The strongest points of Bruynzeel are: its brand name, the expertise in developing and selling quality sanitary and fly-screen products and long relationships with DIY-chains. Its weakest points are an illogical product portfolio, a too little brand awareness of Bruynzeel as a sanitary brand and the lack of formal innovation and product development processes. A research to the motivations for sustainability reveals that there is no agreement at this moment on an ambition level for sustainability. The main drawbacks are priority and the business perspectives of sustainability. The drawbacks are the result of a wrong interpretation of sustainability. The strategy should respond to these counter arguments and reveal a right interpretation of sustainability. Context Bruynzeel possesses a modest position in its context and sustainability does not play a big role in it. The company is too small to put serious pressure on suppliers. Customers of Bruynzeel are few, big and able to choose from multiple different suppliers. DIY-chains raised the bargaining power on their suppliers last year by applying tenders on product categories. Suppliers like Bruynzeel are required to offer additional value and to show vision on product categories in the DIY-chains. Besides that the pressure to lower product prices is enormous. Sustainability does not play a big role in the context of Bruynzeel. Especially in the specific product categories of Bruynzeel sustainability is hardly an issue. Sustainable initiatives of Bruynzeel’s customers are very accessible and focus on compliance, responsibility and brand image. The pressure on Bruynzeel to integrate sustainability is therefore relatively low. It can be expected that coming years Bruynzeel satisfies customer’s sustainability requirements with applying certified wood and applying for BSCI (guidelines for suppliers concerning mainly human-rights and working conditions). However, several stakeholders of Bruynzeel wonder why Bruynzeel is not already engaged with sustainability as it belongs to an A-brand to respond to trends and developments. It can be noticed that many other A-brands are engaged with sustainability and use it as a differentiation tool to respond to the increasing demand to sustainable products, but also to show innovativeness and foresight and to create differentiation. Strategic advice The best way for Bruynzeel to integrate sustainability is to incorporate it in an A-brand strategy. A strategy that focuses on the brand Bruynzeel and the innovative character of the brand. It lets Bruynzeel fulfil to its A-brand aspirations. With this strategy, Bruynzeel becomes a front runner with new innovations and developments and gets a leading role on the markets and achieves a strong differentiation from competition. Besides, Bruynzeel acquires a clear and distinct brand image. People confronted with Bruynzeel should automatically relate the brand to high-quality and innovative sanitary products. To achieve this two subjects need to be adjusted and improved: Innovation and Communication. 1. Innovation If Bruynzeel extends the innovation scope from specific products to the bathroom as a whole, it meets the expectations of an A-brand much better. An A-brand is expected to be innovative, a focus on the bathroom as a whole creates a foundation for bathroom innovations rather than a focus on specific bathroom products does. Innovations of Bruynzeel than have to be categorized in three subjects: Technology, Experience and Sustainability. Basically every new innovation fits one of these categories, but the distinction provides possibilities for a clear brand position towards consumers. Besides, it makes the innovation processes of Bruynzeel more convenient. Technology With technology, Bruynzeel is able to warrant quality and to follow / setup new technological developments. New production processes, but also the application of audiovisual products fit in this subject. Experience The extension of innovation focus to the bathroom as a whole includes an increased emphasis on the experience and perception of a bathroom by users. Colours, rituals, functionality, materials, light and more belong to this subject. Collaboration with other suppliers to realize a wide range of product offers is an important part of this innovation field. Sustainability Sustainability has become one of the three innovation fields and this is how sustainability can optimally contribute to the company’s results. Basically, sustainability imply two implementations: The basic variant of sustainability that is a response to sustainable developments from the context and implies accreditation for FSC/PEFC, the appliance for BSCI guidelines. DIY-chains regard this together with service, reliability and responsibility as sustainability. This way of interpreting sustainability will become more and more a license to operate and is not a differentiation tool. The extended implementation of sustainability implies products and new innovations. This form of sustainability opens up a new solution space for products, creates differentiation from competition and enriches the brand image. Bruynzeel should not only apply for a basic variant of sustainability but make optimally use of it and use it as a differentiation tool. The value of sustainability in this strategy is an intangible value. Sustainability raises the brand image of Bruynzeel and innovative sustainable product concepts prove brand ambitions and create differentiation. Together with the innovations in the two other fields, a strong brand is positioned on the market. 2. Communication Improved communication programs respond to the weak brand awareness of Bruynzeel as a sanitary brand. The brand Bruynzeel is generally well-known, however Bruynzeel is barely known as a sanitary brand. Higher budgets are part of a better brand communication towards customers and consumers. Two results are achieved if Bruynzeel uses an approach in which every product launch is accompanied with an extensive advertising campaign that addresses both the brand and the specific product. The first result is that the brand Bruynzeel is known for sanitary products. The second result is the association of the sanitary brand Bruynzeel with innovative products and increased attention to each innovation. The extended marketing programs also contain an improvement of the brand visibility in DIY-stores. The desired effect is that consumers, from a distance, recognize Bruynzeel products between other products. Conclusion The A-brand strategy elaborates on strengths of Bruynzeel by making optimally use of the department product development which is a competitive feature compared to competitors. Several weak points of Bruynzeel are solved: First, the brand visibility increases and makes Bruynzeel a well-known brand of innovative sanitary products. Besides the portfolio and the innovation process on term will be more structured by consistently applying the innovation pattern. This strategy is also an answer to arguments against integrating sustainability. Exactly by addressing the urging subjects of differentiation and brand visibility the arguments against integrating sustainability are contradicted. In this way, incorporated in an A-brand strategy, the business perspectives of sustainability are positive and simultaneously the priority of it is proven. The biggest benefit of this strategy is achieving differentiation and offering additional value. This is a major threat from the market, but is responded with improved innovation and communication programs. In several years Bruynzeel will reach a major position on the markets and the company has grown due to a decent bathroom innovation program and increased marketing and advertising activities.","Sustainability; Sustainable Development; Strategy; Value Creation; Bruynzeel; Bruynzeel Home Products","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Product Innovation Management","","","",""
"uuid:566ae5bb-0d2b-4692-a39f-dd85a5c24152","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:566ae5bb-0d2b-4692-a39f-dd85a5c24152","A proposition for the new United Nations Environmental Council","Janse, M.M.J.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); Gremmen, B. (mentor)","2012","De United Nations Environmental Council is een nieuwe autoriteit op het gebied van kennis over duurzame ontwikkeling. Het gebouw, in de tuin van het huidige VN hoofdkwartier, is een monolithische kubus op een verlaagd plein, beiden vervaardigd van Manhattan Schist. Een materiaal uit de bodem van Manhattan dat een restproduct is van de nieuwe metrolijn die wordt geboord op 2nd Avenue. De Council staat aan het einde van een brede as op 47th Street aan de oever van East River en is het beginpunt van een groen netwerk dat door de stad loopt. Een netwerk dat ontspringt uit de incisie in de voorgevel. Het onderzoek voor dit ontwerp heeft zich voornamelijk gericht op, uiteraard, duurzaamheid (sustainability & durability), veiligheid & beveiliging, open- en geslotenheid van de gevel en de inrichting van kantoorruimtes en auditoria.","United Nations; Manhattan; Kubus; Cube; Sustainability","nl","master thesis","","","","","","","","2012-04-25","Architecture","Materialisation","","SADD","",""
"uuid:f2c04b4a-0a34-4750-9bea-b7dd310f1e86","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f2c04b4a-0a34-4750-9bea-b7dd310f1e86","United Nations Environmental Council: A platform for sustainability","Heijn, D.A.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); Meijs, M.H. (mentor)","2012","An building design as a addition to the current United Nations in Manhattan, New York. A sixt Environmental Council. A building wich provides the basis for centralised worldwide coördination for sustainable development.","UNEC; SADD; United Nations; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Materialisation","","SADD","",""
"uuid:cca3cb29-6710-4d09-91e5-c9886c5fce25","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cca3cb29-6710-4d09-91e5-c9886c5fce25","Strategic Architectural Design Development: United Nations Environmental Council","Cardol, T.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor); Meijs, M.H. (mentor)","2012","This graduate design is about the research and design of a new council for the United Nations in New York.","SADD; Materialisation; United Nations; Sustainability; Environment; Council; Timo Cardol","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2012-02-09","Architecture","Architecture","","Materialisation","",""
"uuid:bebc5a76-f074-4e8d-81ad-fd84f0561cda","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bebc5a76-f074-4e8d-81ad-fd84f0561cda","United Nations Environmental Council: A Workshop for Sutainability","Boot, N.","Van Bennekom, H.A. (mentor)","2012","The United Nations Environmental Council is a new sixth council for the United Nations and will coordinate information on sustainability. This new council will be located next to the headquarters of the United Nations in Manhattan, New York.","New York; Sustainability; United Nations","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2012-02-02","Architecture","Materialisation","","SADD","",""
"uuid:1f178333-32d6-4382-8f43-68fb0655aab0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1f178333-32d6-4382-8f43-68fb0655aab0","United Nations Environmental Council","Puppels, M.","Van Bennekom, H. (mentor)","2012","This is the design of a new council to be added to the United Nations Headquarters in New York. The assignment is established to solve the problem of the unclear defenition and character of sustainability. This building will give a clear authority on sustainability towards governments, companies and the people. It will show direction towards a healthy durable society. The design combines sustainable ideas on basis of consciousness, energy provision, flexibility and climate control.","United Nations; Sustainability; New york; environmental council","nl","master thesis","","","","","","","","2012-03-01","Architecture","Architecture","","Materialisation SADD","",""
"uuid:ea30cf8d-197d-4083-b2b4-2f6728923fe2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ea30cf8d-197d-4083-b2b4-2f6728923fe2","A Cradle-To-Cradle Picnic experience for Ameland and the other Cradle-to-Cradle islands","Van Klaarbergen, S.","Vogtländer, J.G. (mentor); Zijlstra, J.J. (mentor); De Vries, A. (mentor)","2011","During this graduation project a sustainable activity for the C2C-Islands was researched and designed, with Ameland as main context. It was chosen to develop a C2C picnic set, because this matches the current activities (mainly outdoor) that are undertaken and possibilities that are available (local foods and excellent picnic facilities). The Pre-Design section of this report is all about the steps before the actual designing. It explains the context and goals of this specific project. For this project most of the business partners were searched and found throughout the project. The section starts with an introduction on the players involved and their relations to each other. This is followed by the problem definition, which describes the problems on sustainability, C2C, tourism and other island related problems that need to be tackled. The problem definition is followed by the actual assignment and deliverables of the project. The section ends with a description of the combined methodology; this methodology has been used throughout the project and proved to be very useful for structuring the design. It is mainly about designing roadmap based local services. The second section is about the analysis. It defines a framework for the ideas, concepts and the final design. As stated in the methodology paragraph, during the analysis phase it is important to build a strong foundation for the rest of the project. The focus of the analysis was on the environment of the picnic set, available materials, target group, market and finally the product itself. The chosen ideas from this section focused on very different aspects to be able to explore different directions, namely: small sized sets, experience sets and independency sets. The three concept directions were merged from eight different idea directions. The third section covers detailing the sets from ideas to concepts and evaluating them when they are detailed up to a sufficient level. This detailing is partially based on information from the analysis phase, but also on new information obtained. Both tourist and business partners indicated that are most interested in the small sized and experience sets, therefore, it was decided not to continue with the independency set. The sustainability evaluation indicated that both sets are very sustainable compared to the services they will replace. The fourth section describes the model building, it indicated that the experience set is too complicated for now and it was decided to solitary continue with the small sized set. This final set is detailed up to a level that it is almost completely ready for production. The sales system, which is partial about renting and partial about sales, will be explained in more detail. The fifth and final section is used to evaluate the product and process and to give recommendations for the continuation of the project. It was chosen to present the outcomes in a process report, where information is presented followed by conclusions and actions. This is done for two reasons, first of all to explain to the reader why the design turned out the way it is. Second of all it is done to give the committee and others (students) insight into the process, what went well and what went wrong.","Cradle-to-Cradle; Sustainability; Local; Recycle; Product Service System","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Design Engineering","","Design for Sustainability","",""
"uuid:9f0fa3fd-a3b0-4a80-8cac-13fb2e60c5de","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9f0fa3fd-a3b0-4a80-8cac-13fb2e60c5de","Design of the United Nations Environment Council - New York","Van der Ploeg, M.J.","Van Bennekom, H. (mentor); Van de Voort, J. (mentor); Koorstra, P. (mentor)","2011","Architectural Design of the Environment council that is added to the existing United Nations plot in Manhattan New York. The building is an icon for preserving a green world. It represents its main goal in propagating for more sustainability.","United Nations; New York; Environment Council; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-11-17","Architecture","Materialisation","","SADD","",""
"uuid:2150b026-e96e-4721-833b-c2460712ca7c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2150b026-e96e-4721-833b-c2460712ca7c","United Nations Headquarters for Sustainability","Engel, M.","Bollen, R. (mentor)","2011","This project describes the development of an iconic contemporary building that will be a platform for the United Nations Headquarters for Sustainability. In 1983 the United Nations made a report “Our common future”. This report translates the concern about the accelerating deterioration of the human environment and natural resources and the consequences of that deterioration for economic and social development, and led to the groundwork for the policy on sustainable development for the UN. New York has ever since been the Icon of economic growth and prosperity, the place connected to the United Nations councils. Though the sustainable development programs are divided among the councils within the United Nations. To address this problem of environmental deterioration properly the sustainable development programs needs an infrastructure to accommodate and facilitate a new council within the United Nations. The United Nations Headquarters for Sustainability.","Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","SADD","","","",""
"uuid:76096f96-a314-4fdb-93c8-9619a744c167","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:76096f96-a314-4fdb-93c8-9619a744c167","An application as a platform for a Street of the Future","Van Hoorn, B.","Keyson, D. (mentor); Mulder, I. (mentor)","2011","Creating a platform to inspire collaboration and communicate sustainable solutions in a sustainable street called the Street of the Future.","Street of the Future; Sustainability; Application","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Design Engineering","","Design for Interaction","",""
"uuid:d9b9bddc-a999-44f5-9cc6-5a0971c418dd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d9b9bddc-a999-44f5-9cc6-5a0971c418dd","Analyzing the transition towards alternative vehicles in advanced and emerging economies","Molina Perez, E.","Yücel, G. (mentor); Van Daalen, E. (mentor)","2011","This research analyzes the effect of market differences between advanced and emerging economies on the diffusion of alternative vehicle platforms (AVPs). A system dynamics simulation model was built and used to explore this transition case. This model considers two generic regions resembling advanced and emerging economies, and three generic vehicle platforms: incumbent platform (gasoline vehicles), hybrid platform (hybrid-gasoline vehicles) and radical platform (electrical vehicles). In addition, the model considers the interaction of several feedback mechanisms (Social Learning, R&D, Learning by Doing, Network Externalities and Scale Economies); as well as technical factors of the vehicle platforms, consumers’ preferences and car manufacturers’ behaviour. The analysis of several simulation experiments shows that market differences between advanced and emerging economies can influence diffusion patterns of AVPs in three main ways: First, the difference between the income level of consumers of advanced and emerging economies creates a systematic delay in the diffusion of AVPs in emerging economies. As a result, hybrid-gasoline vehicles diffuse earlier in advanced economies than in emerging economies. The diffusion of hybrid-gasoline vehicles in the advanced economies enhances its diffusion in the emerging region due to a global reduction in their purchasing prices and due to their technical improvement. Second, the difference in speed of growth of each region’s vehicle market has the potential of creating a strong market niche for electrical vehicles in the emerging region. In advanced economies, electrical vehicles find strong barriers. On the one hand, consumers driving gasoline or hybrid-gasoline vehicles are more reluctant to adopt the unknown developing electrical vehicles. On the other hand, the growth of the vehicle market is expected to hardly grow. Thus, in advanced economies most vehicle sales are replacement sales. In the emerging region, the opposite occurs, the vehicle market grows steadily and high number of vehicle sales are from consumers that for the first time purchase a vehicle. First time vehicle buyers do not favour any particular vehicle, thus there are greater chances that they adopt AVPs if these meet their economic and proficiency criteria. As a result, electrical vehicles find a strong market niche in emerging economies, which can compensate for the stagnation of the vehicle market in advanced economies. However, how this market niche is exploited depends significantly on consumers’ preferences and consumers’ familiarity with AVPs. In this regard, if consumers only consider the vehicle’s purchasing price in their adoption decisions, the transition towards AVPs becomes less likely, especially in emerging economies. On the contrary, if consumers consider in a more balanced way all the attributes of a vehicle (e.g. purchasing price, cost of fuel, fuel efficiency and driving range), the transition towards electrical vehicles becomes more likely in both regions. In this case, emerging economies can inject a strong impulse to the global diffusion of electrical vehicles. Third, differences in consumers’ preferences between both regions can significantly influence diffusion patterns. On the one hand, if consumers in advanced economies are interested in vehicles’ proficiency and consumers in emerging economies are only interested in vehicles’ purchasing price. Then, in advanced economies, hybrid-gasoline vehicles penetrate this market at high levels, but electrical vehicles stagnate. In emerging economies, the hybrid-gasoline vehicles penetrate at modest levels due to the impulse received by its diffusion in advanced economies, but electrical vehicles fail. In this case, conventional gasoline vehicles benefit from the growing vehicle market in emerging economies. On the other hand, if consumers in emerging economies are proficiency oriented and consumers in advanced economies have a purchasing price orientation. Then, advanced economies lag behind in the diffusion of AVPs. In emerging economies, the diffusion of AVPs is also delayed due to the lack of the initial impulse of advanced economies. However, in this case, electrical vehicles find a strong market niche in emerging economies and penetrate this market at high levels. It also has been found that if R&D resources are early allocated to AVPs, both the car manufacturers and the consumers discover earlier the potential of the each vehicle platform. This reduces the initial systematic disadvantages of AVPs against gasoline vehicles, increasing the possibilities of their global diffusion. It has also been found that if the development potential of the three vehicle platforms is comparable, then market differences have a strong influence in the diffusion of AVPs. However, the more unbalanced the development potential of the three vehicle platforms is, the less determinant market differences become. This research shows that the process of diffusion of AVPs can be enriched and strengthened if it is seen as a complementary process between advanced and emerging economies. Policy areas of concern are the support to the R&D of AVPs, the development of fuelling infrastructure for electrical vehicles and the encouragement of consumers to consider in a more balanced way all vehicle’s attributes in their adoption decisions.","Alternative Vehicles; Sustainability; Technology Transitions; System Dynamics","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-08-16","Technology, Policy and Management","Policy Analysis","","MSc Engineering and Policy Analysis","",""
"uuid:b71b0da1-7257-4385-804e-d59c0f8a485a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b71b0da1-7257-4385-804e-d59c0f8a485a","United Nations Environmental Council in New York","Looman, J.","Van Bennekom, H. (mentor); Gremmen, B. (mentor)","2011","Graduation project in the Strategic Design Development studio of a conference building with offices for a new council in the United Nations Organisation. In this design a separation is made between the public functions and the offices. The offices are located in the tower, this tower is an energy tower. An natural ventilation system in incorporated in the tower, together with the pv-cells the building is not using any energy.","Public Building; Conference; Office; Tall Building; Glass; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-07-08","Architecture","Architecture","","SADD","",""
"uuid:36235889-ca77-4467-b5f3-1f523f6e5b69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:36235889-ca77-4467-b5f3-1f523f6e5b69","A Design for the New United Nations Environmental Council","Cremer, I.A.","Van Bennekom, H. (mentor)","2011","An Initiative from Ir. Ivan A. Cremer and ir. Henri van Bennekom to design a new authority on Environmental health. The new United Nations Environmental Council, a building that will lead the way towards global environmental health. A building that changes course of the current United Nations, from machine for peace towards a machine for global endurance. This design is trying to solve the problems that accured by the changing context that surounds the image and the physical of the current United Nations.","United Nations; Sustainability; Environmental Council","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-08-01","Architecture","Materialisation","","SADD","",""
"uuid:b3804921-6ba0-4fad-8b2d-cbbffc8f6214","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3804921-6ba0-4fad-8b2d-cbbffc8f6214","Bottom-up transition into energy efficient housing","Talsma, L.","Brezet, J.C. (mentor); Bakker, C.A. (mentor); Rodrigues, P. (mentor)","2011","The housing stock in the Netherlands is not up to date when it comes to the energy ambitions of the government. The covenant Meer met Minder urges for the CO2 reduction of 30% in the built environment in between 2008 and 2020. This means that 2,4 million buildings in the country have to be energy renovated within a set time limit. Housing corporations and local governments try to energy renovate houses in large-scale projects targeting whole neighborhoods or complexes of buildings. For corporations, 70% of the tenants has to agree with the renovations, a number that is often not reached. Residents, however, are not quite as ambitious as the government. Energy renovations in their houses are supposed to save money, improve the environment, improve the comfort of the house and the indoor air quality, but these benefits are not yet convincing enough to accept energy renovations. An energy efficient house is an intangible product that is not adopted easily by residents. In this graduation project, the factors behind the decision for energy renovations are explored. A method is made to explore the factors behind the acceptance of energy renovations in a neighborhood; knowledge, attitude and intention of residents. Because of this, a more effective target group segmentation can be made, which enhances the chance of a successful renovation project, in this case more energy renovated houses.","Energy; Renovation; Sustainability; Advisors; Real estate; Bottom-up","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Design Engineering","","Master of Science Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:a9f99a27-d561-44f9-9a7c-c791f1f622f9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a9f99a27-d561-44f9-9a7c-c791f1f622f9","Social practice theory as design approach for reducting energy use for indoor climate management in Dutch dwellings","De Jong, L.","Nottrot, R. (mentor); Van Timmeren, A. (mentor); Kuijer, L. (mentor)","2011","","Social practices; Dwelling; Sustainability; Energy use","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2011-04-28","Architecture","Architecture","","Explorelab/ Climate adaptation lab","",""
"uuid:5ee73a06-77f2-47ed-9ef2-ed13969b36fd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5ee73a06-77f2-47ed-9ef2-ed13969b36fd","Sustainable education: An educational building on sustainable energy solutions in Haarlem Spaarnwoude","Verbraaken, A.","Cuperus, Y.J. (mentor)","2010","A 68 meter high sustainable university building and a discovery museum on the topic of sustainable energy.","Sustainability; climate design; University; Discovery museum","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Architecture","","Architectural Engineering","",""
"uuid:4305b60e-361b-4f76-bd70-0929952774ba","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4305b60e-361b-4f76-bd70-0929952774ba","Flexibility as foundation of Sustainability: Lifecycle focus as a process approach towards 'Evolving Buildings' in our 'City of Tomorrow","Slob, C.; Mohammadi, S.","Geraedts, R.P. (mentor); Remoy, H.T. (mentor); Bollen, R. (mentor); Cuperus, Y.J. (mentor)","2010","Our society and economy are constantly changing. In spite of this the demands and wishes of users also changes. Most of the current building stock is developed as mono-functional buildings to fulfil the demand at a particular moment. They are not designed for the lifespan in which they are functional. Because of their shortcomings in adaptability they are more likely to become vacant as we see in the current Dutch office stock. Due to the constantly changing requirements, needs and wishes of the client/market, projects can become unfeasible or vacant during their lifespan. If we continue to develop buildings as we did in the past decades then we will remain with the same or even a bigger amount of vacancy in the future. Only if we start considering the total lifecycle of building / areas already from the initiative phase then we can react on this problem. Only in this way we can be really sustainable. The current construction industry needs a method based on a lifecycle focus to tackle this vacancy problem and in this way making the new to be developed real estate sustainable. To fulfil this aim the following research question was formulated: To what extent and in which way can a process approach based on lifecycle focus optimize a building to make it react on changes during its lifespan? During our research we noticed that there are already many existing principles based on lifecycle focus like: Drager & Inbouw, Lean Construction, Solids. These theories are mainly focused on technical, organizational, functional and architectural aspects of flexibility and sustainability. But they mostly lack in a holistic process approach towards lifecycle focus in real estate, which embodies the process from initiative until demolition. According to this literature studies a process approach was gradually redesigned and tested on our own design project for architecture. We graduated on a HighRise design for the Schiekadeblok in Rotterdam. This design project was used as a test and example of how the research results could be implemented in a design process. Also the critics from actors in practice helped to shape this process approach. In spite of this the process approach has undergone several changes throughout our graduation period. Beside the products for Real Estate & Housing and Architecture a Strategic Manual was created as a final combined product. The Strategic Manual will be published during the spring of 2011. This manual guides the user, question based, through the design process. In every phase the client is made conscious about his decisions in relation to flexibility / sustainability and the impact on technical / financial feasibility. The manual uses flexibility as a foundation on which sustainability can ‘evolve’. Finally, the manual makes us consciousness about the way we build today and its impact on our ‘City of Tomorrow’. Yet, the following and inevitable step is to be taken. In cooperation with project management office Draaijer+Partners we will test the Strategic Manual on projects in practice in combination with a PHD on the same subject at Delft University of Technology.","Flexibility; Sustainability; Lifecycle focus; Evolve; City of Tomorrow; Process Approach; Holistic; Material; Energy; Information; Flows; Tall; High Rise; Skyscraper; Rotterdam; Schiekadeblok; Mixuse; Adaptability; Future; Changes; React; Market; Client; Question based; Strategic; Manual; Foundation; Biomimicry; Drager en Inbouw; Solids; Lean; IFD; I3con; Open Building","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2010-11-10","Architecture","Architecture and Real Estate & Housing","","Hybrid / TALL Buildings and Design & Construction Management","",""
"uuid:6268e9d8-89c8-4fc8-ab5f-63fe10aac87d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6268e9d8-89c8-4fc8-ab5f-63fe10aac87d","Improving the sustainability of project organisations: Making the activities of Rijkswaterstaat more sustainable","Fongers, T.S.","Veeneman, W.W. (mentor); Lukszo, Z. (mentor); Ten Heuvelhof, E.F. (mentor)","2010","A case study research was executed to determine how Rijkswaterstaat can improve the current way of implementing sustainability into its construction and maintenance projects. Deficiencies and plus-points of the current approach were identified and recommendations are formulated to resolve the deficiencies. The recommendations are based on best practices that were extracted from the case studies.","Sustainability; Rijkswaterstaat; Project-oriented organisation; Case study research","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","2010-10-26","Technology, Policy and Management","SEPAM","","Policy, Organization, Law & Gaming (POLG)","",""
"uuid:9c9d7730-cd23-4465-aa67-2e7b121238ba","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9c9d7730-cd23-4465-aa67-2e7b121238ba","Reclaiming the industrial landscape through sustainable transformation","Wu, S.R.","Hermans, W.J.A. (mentor); Thorsten, S. (mentor); Van der Velde, J.R.T. (mentor)","2010","The title of the graduation project is Reclaiming the industrial landscape through sustainable transformation. The generalized crisis of several industrial sectors contributed to the appearance of derelict industrial areas. The establishment of new and more severe environmental legislation associated with an increasing public pressure related with the need to protect the environment and the people’s desire for interaction with nature or the natural world increase the development of landscape reclamation project. An important step towards a sustainable city is represented by enhancing the cast-off industrial areas with the optic of the recovery and of reuse of the existing heritage. The transformation of derelict sites into parks and public spaces represents a significant enhancement to the quality of life and land use, and at the same time marks a new commitment to the transformation of once-industrial sites to new cultural, programmatic and environmental uses from sustainability point of view. The Industrial Revolution was a period from the 18th to the 19th century where major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transport had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions starting in the United Kingdom. Take London for example, in the pre-war period, 1934-1938, expanding industry was mainly concentrated in Greater London: nearly half the total number of new factories, employing 25% or more opened in the country were in the Greater London Region, especially in East London. However, through the change of economy, the most of industrial areas become the underuse space. How to redevelop old industrial area is the main issue of London. Therefore, the study case of this project is Lower Lea Valley, the deprived industrial area, in east London. Today, it has the opportunity to redevelop by 2012 Olympic Game. How to emphasize the unique industrial landscape and improve the quality of open space and open up the accessibility are the main tasks of this project.","Industrial Landscape; Industrial Heritage; Sustainability; Transformation; Lower Lea Valley","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Urbanism","","","",""
"uuid:17e53c19-5a6d-4a0f-9daa-2f7d37bbf276","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:17e53c19-5a6d-4a0f-9daa-2f7d37bbf276","The Integration of Sustainability in the Fuzzy Front End of Innovation within the context of SMEs","Astua de Moraes, F.","Wever, R. (mentor); Peck, D. (mentor); Hassi, L. (mentor)","2010","By covering the literature related to innovation processes, new value creation and sustainable innovation, the literature review conducted for this thesis highlights that the integration of sustainability issues in the Fuzzy Front End of Innovation (FFE) is an ill-addressed area in scientific literature. To tackle the problem, the research builds on the framework proposed by Hassi et al (2009). This framework is articulated in the following way: At the origin of a sustainable innovation process, there are the strategic reasons that drive a business to innovate sustainably, i.e. Why sustainable innovation is pursued In the later stages, there are a number of design and business tools that enable the embodiment and the optimization of products and services, i.e. How to enable sustainable innovation Between these two steps, there is a crucial question addressed, namely what is the best translation of strategy into products and services, i.e. the goal-finding phase or What to do. Within each organization there are players responsible for articulating these choices, i.e. Who is enabling sustainable innovation. The ‘What’ phase is precisely when sustainability issues are integrated in the FFE of Innovation. As highlighted by the theoretical background, this is an under addressed area of innovation and sustainable innovation literature. Therefore, the focus of this thesis is to begin providing answers to the questions regarding what to do when pursuing sustainable innovation and more specifically how to optimize the integration of sustainability in early phases of innovation processes. The work is inserted within a wider research effort looking at how these issues are being perceived by a number of stakeholders in business, namely Multi-National Enterprises (MNEs), Design Agencies, Entrepreneurs, Consultancies and Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This thesis looks specifically at the context of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), an important area of focus. According to the EU, they represent 99 % of all enterprises in the EU, directly contributing to entrepreneurship and innovation. It is therefore crucial that sustainable innovation practices within SMEs are mapped and understood. Additionally, available research has focused mainly on sustainable innovation in large companies. Since this area is still under addressed, initial research has to objectively understand how these issues are currently being managed and understood by management and businesses within SMEs. More specifically, it looks to address the following research questions: 1. How (when and by whom) is sustainability integrated in the FFE of Innovation? 2. In what way and how does the company’s view and strategy on sustainability influence their innovation process? Due to the theory-building characteristic of the research combined with its exploratory nature, the chosen research strategy was to conduct a multiple case study among innovative SMEs. Selected companies were divided into two groups of three SMEs and paired across industries/sectors: Group A: SMEs that communicate their commitment to sustainability Group B: SMEs that do not communicate any commitment to sustainability To be eligible, SMEs needed to have a product portfolio containing more than 1 product and have introduced a product to the market within the last 24 months. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and the review of companies’ documents and press articles. The main case analysis findings indicate a number of interesting issues: The persona of the owner/general manager yields great influence on the outcome of FFE phases. The innovation process and the FFE are very informal and are consistent only within each SME. Time invested in FFE phases is very small. FFE seem activities seem only to start at idea selection rather than at idea generation When integrated in FFE phases, sustainability issues are tackled either under one specific product requirement or as more general guiding principle to the innovation process. The main implications of these findings are as follow: SMEs seem to need to have stronger FFE activities. However, for this to happen, the personas of owners/general managers need to be included and addressed. Therefore, prior to the development of any tool to integrate sustainability in FFE activities, the FFE needs to be strengthened with relevant and appropriate approaches within the context of SMEs. These activities are to be directed to these key players in these organizations if any progress in better integrating sustainability in their early phases of the innovation process is to be done. Within the context of SMEs, the ‘What’ and ‘Who’ aspects are closely linked and seemingly inseparable. The proposed framework by Hassi et al. (2009) would therefore need to be adapted when used in the present context.","Sustainability; Innovation; Fuzzy Front End; SMEs","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Design Engineering","","Master of Science Strategic Product Design","",""
"uuid:eebcea33-8a75-477d-933d-211421bf6a21","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:eebcea33-8a75-477d-933d-211421bf6a21","Het inbrengen en borgen van duurzaamheid in het ontwerpproces: Implementing and assuring sustainability in the design process","Van der Woerdt, I.H.C.","Prins, M. (mentor); Luscuere, P. (mentor)","2010","In order to contribute to and assure sustainable ambitions in the design process of utility buildings, a framework was developed. This framework the ‘STODUR’ enables parties from all levels to discuss the subject of sustainability. In the framework attention is given to the strategical- and tactical aims of sustainability in a building project. Furthermore, the operational (direction of) solutions are linked with the tactical aims, thus giving insight and overview to all parties involved. Sustainability can be defined as a personal judgement, which reveals itself in variety of different approaches, on how to, as well as to the extend to which properties and features of the built environment minimize the negative impact and maximise the positive impact on existing environmental problems (deterioration of the human health, deterioration of ecosystems, depletion of resources); the considered level of scale, time and the scope of measured properties are determined by that personal judgement. The framework should contribute to the ability to discuss sustainability and its aims, and to help solve several problems, such as confusions on the topic (due to its personal character) and the loss of focus.","Sustainability; duurzaamheid; besluitvormingsniveaus; STODUR; decision levels; framework; raamwerk","nl","master thesis","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Real Estate & Housing","","Design and construction management","",""
"uuid:b78cd294-55ca-42e7-89bd-d601cc2d0637","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b78cd294-55ca-42e7-89bd-d601cc2d0637","Awareness Creation for the Carbon Policy among Employees","Boezeman, G.","Smulders, F.E.H.M. (mentor); Van Meer, J.D. (mentor); Van den Brink, F. (mentor)","2010","This graduation project has been performed at AkzoNobel Industrial Chemicals in order to attain the Master of Science degree at the Faculty Industrial Design Engineering of Delft University of Technology. In this executive summery an overview of the most important information is given. AkzoNobel Industrial Chemicals consists of a managerial board, which is assisted by service units, Manufacturing & Technology services and 5 sub-Business Units (sBU); Energy, Salt, Chlor-alkali, Ecosystems and MCA. AkzoNobel Industrial Chemicals has approximately 1,900 employees. AkzoNobel is a chemical concern that creates products for other companies: business-to-business. It becomes more and more important to know what your input as a company on the environment is as well as the input on the environment of your suppliers. The Carbon Policy has been developed in a wide scope of sustainability and describes their short- and long-term targets and ambitions to manage their cradle-to-gate carbon footprint: the sum of all direct and indirect emissions contributing to global warming. AkzoNobel Industrial Chemicals has chosen to involve all the different sBU’s to reach the 10% goal in 2015. The objective of the assignment for this graduation project is to develop an implementation strategy, which aims to introduce the corporate Carbon Policy to different groups of employees of AkzoNobel Industrial Chemicals. While sometimes more information about a subject gives new insights, not everyone needs to know the same things to reach the goals described in the Carbon Policy. The employees of Industrial Chemicals differ from each other in background, work, skills and more. Therefore the employees are divided into six groups who need more or less the same information for their function. Based on the abstraction level and adaptation speed 3 clusters of groups can be formed for which a mutual toolset can be used to create awareness for the Carbon Policy. To embed the Carbon Policy in the organization extra attention has to be paid to the strategy to reach the employees working as operator or maintenance. Because these employees form together with one other group a cluster a more detailed concept for this cluster is developed. Therefore a more detailed concept for this cluster is developed. To embed the Carbon Policy in the organization, the approach of the employees towards their daily work routine has to change. Providing environmental knowledge and awareness does not automatically lead to pro-environmental behavior. The use of the HRM instruments and especially the learning conditions has to be influenced to stimulate behavior change. The choice of the right communication tools and stimulation of the communication climate can create a learning environment for the employees of AkzoNobel Industrial Chemicals. Four stages where addressed in the concept From Plant to Plant. In the first stage there is a training in where group Yellow, the plant management team, train group Blue, Operations & Maintenance, by a presentation, an assignment and discussion. The second stage is the possibility to find extra information on the Carbon Policy; work related, non-work related and individual goals. The third stage was the idea phase using the (existing) suggestion box. The final stage is a groups meeting in where group Blue would come together with group Yellow and some (site-external) experts to discuss the different ideas from that location and from other locations. The concept from Plant to Plant was designed to create awareness for the Carbon Policy among group Yellow and Blue. Moreover create the opportunity to learn and develop skills for change of behavior towards a sustainable mindset. From the analysis phase guidelines for the concept were created. The concept From Plant to Plant meets these guidelines. From Plant to Plant gives a basic knowledge about the Carbon Policy among group Yellow and Blue. It creates the opportunity for group Yellow and Blue to extend their learning about the Carbon Policy if wanted. From Plant to Plant stimulates the different variables for change in intention. This predicts that behavior should change among group Yellow and Blue.","Carbon; Awareness; Sustainability","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Industrial Design","","","",""
"uuid:92880688-06a0-46e7-9ea6-5442ffa4b292","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92880688-06a0-46e7-9ea6-5442ffa4b292","Sustainable automotive retailer of the future","Van der Voort, M.","Secomandi, F.D.C. (mentor); Schoormans, J.P.L. (mentor)","2009","This master thesis is about the car retail industry of the Netherlands. The goal of this master thesis is to adjust the decision making process of consumers that are buying a car in a way that sustainability, new developments and an improved vision on mobility is taking into account. The current retail channel does not meet the needs of today's society and with the introduction of new sustainable alternatives to petrol driven cars the industry is about to have to change. This master thesis is about how the future will be for the retailers and what will change. A concept is developed of what a possible future could be.","Car retail; Sustainability; VIP; Mobility","en","master thesis","","","","","","","Campus only","","Industrial Design Engineering","Product Innovation Management","","","",""
"uuid:cfe89c67-35a0-420f-8f80-a30cfcdffe84","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cfe89c67-35a0-420f-8f80-a30cfcdffe84","What has to be learnt for sustainability? A comparison of bachelor engineering education competences at three European universities","Segalas, J.; Ferrer-Balas, D.; Svanström, M.; Lundqvist, U.; Mulder, K.F.","","2009","In a period of harmonisation of the higher education system in Europe, a question is if also learning about sustainability at the universities is converging and what advantages this may have. This paper is an effort to present and advance the work on describing desired sustainability competences for engineering Bachelor graduates in three technical universities (Chalmers in Sweden, DUT in The Netherlands and UPC-Barcelona in Spain) using the European Higher Education Area (EHEA) descriptors. The paper also sheds light on whether there is conformity or not in desired sustainability competences (or in how sustainable development (SD) competences are handled) at the three universities. For universities outside the EHEA, this paper gives hints on the type of sustainability competences that will be required from their first-cycle graduates should they want to continue with second-cycle studies within the EHEA. The results show that the three universities follow a similar pattern in the classification of the competences (Knowledge and understanding, Skills and abilities, and Attitudes) and that there are minor divergences with respect to the list of competences and the levels of learning that Bachelor students should have when graduating. Definition of competences is an area that needs development, and this paper is part of a learning process for the three universities. This study shows that there is improvement potential for all three universities when it comes to being explicit and exact in the description of the desired SD learning.","Sustainability; Engineering; Education; Competences; Europe","en","journal article","Springer","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","Values and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:5ee0a7ad-a3a2-4b14-9b27-440430b247fc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5ee0a7ad-a3a2-4b14-9b27-440430b247fc","To Recycle or Not to Recycle? An Intergenerational Approach to Nuclear Fuel Cycles","Taebi, B.; Kloosterman, J.L.","","2007","AbstractThis paper approaches the choice between the open and closed nuclear fuel cycles as a matter of intergenerational justice, by revealing the value conflicts in the production of nuclear energy. The closed fuel cycle improve sustainability in terms of the supply certainty of uranium and involves less long-term radiological risks and proliferation concerns. However, it compromises short-term public health and safety and security, due to the separation of plutonium. The trade-offs in nuclear energy are reducible to a chief trade-off between the present and the future. To what extent should we take care of our produced nuclear waste and to what extent should we accept additional risks to the present generation, in order to diminish the exposure of future generation to those risks? The advocates of the open fuel cycle should explain why they are willing to transfer all the risks for a very long period of time (200,000years) to future generations. In addition, supporters of the closed fuel cycle should underpin their acceptance of additional risks to the present generation and make the actual reduction of risk to the future plausible","Intergenerational justice; Nuclear waste management; Reprocessing; Recycling; Future generations; Value conflicts; Sustainability","en","journal article","Springer Netherlands","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","","","","",""
"uuid:60e87e0d-e7b4-446a-b08e-88c1f19f9fa4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:60e87e0d-e7b4-446a-b08e-88c1f19f9fa4","GeneScape: Agent Based model of Gene Flow from crops and its implications for sustainability of Genetic Modification","Nikolic, Igor","Harmsen, GJ (mentor); Korevaar, G. (mentor); Huele, Ruben (graduation committee); van der Voet, Ester (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2001","If Genetic Modification is to be accepted as a sustainable technological development its social, ecological and economical impacts must be understood.
One important tool in determining the environmental and human risks of a technological development such as Genetical Modification (GM), is the Quantitative Risk Analysis (QRA). QRA can quantify the risks of a new technology, so that the society can make a choice whether the benefits outweigh the risks. Only if the risk of a new technological development is very small and acceptable, can it be sustainable. One of the main risks from GMOs is the spread of their genes through Gene Flow into wild populations causing genetic pollution and potentially ecosystem disruption. The current QRA is based on mass flow models. It does not consider the fact that law of conservation of mass does not hold for genes, which are essentially information. QRA also dos not take the imbedded open feedback loops present in life forms, i.e. the ability to self-amplify and reproduce, into consideration. Because of these shortcomings, the current risk assessment tools are probably inadequate to answer the question whether Genetic Modification is a sustainable technological development. Next to the lack of scientific knowledge about the impacts, there is a lack of societal acceptance of GM. Part of the reason for the lack of acceptance is the unacceptability of the tools for risk prediction. There is a need for a risk analysis tool that is both acceptable and able to describe key aspects of life. Agent Based Models (ABMs) are a candidate modeling framework for such a tool because they are isomorphic to living organisms. Furthemore, they are intuitive and easy to understand, forming a basis for societal acceptance. By defining evolutionary processes and plant entities in Agent terms an Agent Based Model called GeneScape has been developed. The model explicitly describes Plants as entities with states and interactions. Plants populate a geometry, the Field, through which the environment, The World, enforces the rules for pollen distribution, mating and genetic inheritance. The World also determines how the information content of the plant, its genome, is to be translated into a fitness, and thus power to reproduce. While there is a shortage of good experimental data for validation, GeneScape is evaluated and found to be coherent and biologically sound. It is however not a quantitative prediction tool for Gene Flow, but an explicitand graphical representation of the mental models of Darwinian selection, Gene Flow and plant ecology. Its strength lies in the fact that it allows
the visualization of thought experiments on the behavior of GMO crops and the neighboring plant populations. It can serve as a basis for further development of a tool for risk assessment for GMOs. GeneScape can only be useful for answering questions about the sustainability of Genetic Modification if it is socially acceptable itself. Therefore, a societal acceptance hypothesis is formulated. The hypothesis states that GeneScape is not yet societally acceptable because it is too complex and the outcomes are open to interpretation. However, it is easily understandable and illustrative, which forms a basis for acceptance. The most important conclusion from the use of GeneScape is the insightinto the importance of the environment a GMO gene is placed in. The most important variables governing Gene Flow (Pollen spread distance, fitness increase by the GMO gene and the relatedness level of the urrounding populations) are dependent on environmental factors. Since the environment can not be controlled Genetically Modified Organisms can only be sustainable in a closed, controlled environment.","Agent based model; gene flow; Sustainability; GMO; brassica napus","en","master thesis","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","",""