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Yu, Y. (author), De Herdt, Lode (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
The rising demand for electric vehicles (EVs) in the face of limited grid capacity encourages the development and implementation of smart charging (SC) algorithms. Experimental validation plays a pivotal role in advancing this field. This article formulates a hierarchical mixed integer programming EV SC algorithm designed for low voltage (LV)...
journal article 2024
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Purgat, P. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Qin, Z. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Low-voltage direct current (LVdc) systems are a promising technology for systems with a high penetration of renewable sources and storage that operate with bidirectional power flow. In this article, a fundamental building block for LVdc is presented for different applications, such as charge controllers, voltage regulation in street-lighting...
journal article 2023
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Ahmadi, M. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Modular Multilevel Converters (MMCs) find increasing applications in medium to high-voltage systems. In such systems, reliability-oriented selection of power electronic switches becomes essential because higher modularity implies an increased number of components. The trade-off between the impact of higher modularity on converter reliability...
journal article 2023
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Ahmadi, M. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Power electronics converters are crucial for power generation, transmission, and distribution. The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is highly valued for its ability to handle high power levels, versatility in reconfiguration, high efficiency through small-capacity submodules (SMs), and robust control capabilities. A failure of a power...
conference paper 2023
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Kardan Halvaei, F. (author), Ahmadi, M. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
EV Fast chargers are crucial to alleviate the driving range anxiety for E-mobility applications. A typical converter load profile consists of a short high-current pulse to rapidly refill the EV battery followed by a cooling-off period once the charging is completed. Power electronic components experience thermal cycles as a result, which can...
conference paper 2023
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Molenaar, M. (author), Kardan Halvaei, F. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
The reliability of semiconductor power devices can be studied by performing a thermal and power cycling test. In order to create the desired temperature cycles, there are four free variables to select during the power cycling test, namely the heating current, heating time, cooling time, and heatsink temperature. In this paper, the relation...
conference paper 2023
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Deshmukh, R.S. (author), Rituraj, G. (author), Lock, Niels (author), Vahedi, H (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Power electronics converters (PEC) play a crucial role in interfacing renewable energy systems and electrolyzers to ensure a high production yield of green hydrogen. The design of such PEC is not straightforward due to the safety hazards of using multiple electrolyzer stacks and converter modules at industrial levels. Therefore, real-time...
conference paper 2023
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Kardan Halvaei, F. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
EV fast chargers are essential in addressing the concern of limited driving range for E-mobility applications. However, the load profile of a converter for fast charging involves a high-current pulse that can last for a few minutes to efficiently replenish the EV battery, which is followed by a cooldown period after the charging process is...
conference paper 2023
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Deshmukh, R.S. (author), Rituraj, G. (author), Vahedi, H (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Electrolysis requires a high DC current at low voltage to produce hydrogen from water. Designing power converters for such a load requirement could be challenging while fulfilling the galvanic isolation needs. Therefore, prior knowledge of the electrolyzer's impact on the converter operation should be needed. In this context, this paper...
conference paper 2023
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van der Sande, Robin (author), Deshmukh, R.S. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
When operating a modular multilevel converter (MMC), a margin appears between the arm voltage and sum capacitor voltage corresponding to the power dependent ripple. This margin can be used to enhance the DC link voltage and increase the transfer capacity of an MMC-based distribution link while keeping the submodule (SM) stresses fixed....
conference paper 2023
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Kardan Halvaei, F. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
The load profile of the power converter in EV Fast charging applications involves a short high-current pulse for rapid charging of the EV battery leading to thermal cycles on the power electronic devices. These thermal cycles can cause thermo-mechanical fatigues, which consume the power devices’ lifetime. Also, different timescales and magnitude...
conference paper 2023
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Shekhar, A. (author), Rituraj, G. (author), van der Sande, Robin (author), Ahmadi, M. (author), Deshmukh, R.S. (author), Bauer, P. (author), Nougain, V. (author), Lekić, A. (author), Palensky, P. (author)
Reliable Power Electronic Systems (PES) are vital for enabling energy transition technologies of the future. Power hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL) test bed can be used to validate such systems cost-effectively and time-efficiently. In general, the Real Time Digital Twin (RTDT) is a virtual representation of the PES and its operating environment that...
conference paper 2023
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Deshmukh, R.S. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Electrolysis holds tremendous potential in reducing the carbon footprint and providing energy dense fuels such as methane. Such systems can be integrated with renewable energy systems with the aid of power electronics interfaces. However, this integration is not straight-forward and imposes various converter design challenges. This paper...
conference paper 2022
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Ahmadi, M. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Power electronic converters (PECs) are workhorses of emerging distribution networks. PEC interfaced grids can function as flexible power corridors facilitating compact and efficient energy exchange between distribution generation, load and storage elements. Introducing adequate Reconfigurability, Modularity, and Redundancy (RMR) in such PEC...
conference paper 2022
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Ahmadi, M. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Power electronics converters will play a crucial role in power grid expansion. Superior advantages offered by MMC make it the most popular candidate amongst various converter topologies. However, due to a large number of components installed within MMC, reliability analysis is an unavoidable task that needs to be carried out to maximize the MMC...
conference paper 2022
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Yu, Y. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
This paper benchmarks the performance of three practical electric vehicle (EV) charging scheduling methods relative to uncontrolled charging (UNC) in low-voltage (LV) distribution grids. The charging methods compared are the voltage droop method (VDM), price-signal-based method (PSM) and average rate method (ARM). Trade-offs associated with the...
journal article 2022
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Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
book chapter 2022
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Yu, Y. (author), Reihs, David (author), Wagh, Saumitra (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Stahleder, Daniel (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Lehfuss, Felix (author), Bauer, P. (author)
In this paper, the impact of Electric Vehicle (EV) uncontrolled charging with four levels of EV penetration in overall 21 real low voltage distribution grids in two seasons are analysed. The employed real grid data is provided by distribution system operators from three European countries: Austria, Germany and the Netherlands. At least six...
journal article 2022
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Shekhar, A. (author), Soeiro, Thiago B. (author), Wu, Y. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
DC links with back to back voltage source converters are usually built alongside the existing medium voltage ac distribution grids for infrastructure reinforcement. The distribution network operators need to run multiple of such parallel ac and dc links between two substations at optimal efficiency. This article shows that the active power...
journal article 2021
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Sulaeman, Ilman (author), Chandra Mouli, G.R. (author), Shekhar, A. (author), Bauer, P. (author)
Future office buildings are expected to be integrated with energy intensive, inherently DC components such as photovoltaic panels (PV), electric vehicles (EV), LED lighting, and battery storage. This paper conceptualizes the interconnection of these components through a 750 V DC nanogrid as against a conventional three-phase 400 V AC system. The...
journal article 2021
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