"uuid","repository link","title","author","contributor","publication year","abstract","subject topic","language","publication type","publisher","isbn","issn","patent","patent status","bibliographic note","access restriction","embargo date","faculty","department","research group","programme","project","coordinates"
"uuid:c9819e3b-0c02-437f-9c63-8ed84e978032","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c9819e3b-0c02-437f-9c63-8ed84e978032","Optimal Strategies of Autonomous Reconnaissance Missions","Verlinde, Lander (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; TU Delft Discrete Mathematics and Optimization)","Jurrius, R.P.M.J. (mentor); de Laat, D. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2024","The role of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), more commonly known as drones, in society continues to become more significant every day, both in everyday life and in military operations. The extent to which unmanned vehicles are used for both offensive as well as reconnaissance missions is at an all-time high. To expand the number of operational systems while managing costs, it is desirable to deploy systems that can operate fully independently. For a survey mission, this requires a planning of the complete mission before the drone leaves for enemy territory. The setting of such a mission can be stated as follows: starting from a secure base, multiple surveillance locations need to be safely reached and the acquired information has to be transmitted back to the base. There are many possible strategies for gathering this information. This report investigates how to find the strategy that maximises the expected amount of retrieved information. Specifically, such an optimal strategy tells us which route the UAV should take in enemy territory and at what moments in the mission transmissions should be made. We present a mathematical framework for formulating the problem, as well as a genetic algorithm capable of finding the optimal strategy in different scenarios.","Mission Planning; Genetic programming; Vehicle Routing","en","student report","","","","","","This report is the result of my three month long internship at the Netherlands Defense Academy as part of the Master Program in Applied Mathematics.","","","","","","Applied Mathematics","",""
"uuid:772d2099-e78d-49c7-b5c4-68d2d048a0e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:772d2099-e78d-49c7-b5c4-68d2d048a0e4","Finding Structures within Large Point Sets","Verlinde, Lander (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; TU Delft Discrete Mathematics and Optimization)","Cames van Batenburg, W.P.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2024","We investigate two open problems in discrete geometry regarding how large subsets of sets of points need to be in order for certain structures to emerge. First of all there is the Erdős-Szekeres convex polygon problem, also known as the Happy Ending problem. Interestingly, there is a clear distinction between the number of points required to ensure a lot of points in convex position in the plane and in higher dimensions. This raises the question whether such a difference depending on the considered dimension can also be found in other problems concerning subsets of point sets.
The second problem where we research this difference is the Big-Line-Big-Clique Conjecture. As far as we know, this conjecture has not been studied yet in other dimensions than the plane.
Apart from discussing the relevant literature for both problems, we present a formulation of the Big-Line-Big-Clique Conjecture in higher dimensions and a generalisation in terms of (hyper)graphs. We also state a stronger version of the conjecture that would imply the BLBC Conjecture to be true. However, we show a counterexample to the stronger conjecture, leaving the original one open.
In this multidisciplinary project, conducted at the Black Volta in western Ghana, the focus is on addressing challenges related to data scarcity in hydrological predictions, particularly for the Bui power dam. The dam has faced issues during flood events, leading to spillages and subsequent damages. To enhance predictions, field measurements were carried out, employing innovative methods for remote areas within the TEMBO Africa project. The project aimed to validate devices measuring river parameters and improve the understanding of floodplain contributions to river discharge. Key methods included GNSS reflectometry for water level measurement and a camera-based approach for discharge determination. The GNSS-reflectometry device was successfully tested, validated, and installed at the Black Volta, automating water level measurements. The camera-based method demonstrated success on smaller streams but faced challenges on wider rivers. Despite this, it was installed at the Black Volta for daily discharge measurements, promising a reduction in rating curve uncertainty when combined with water level measurements. Field observations were utilized to enhance an existing hydraulic model, refining the floodplain's representation. The study also delved into determining the floodplain's roughness coefficient, involving manual measurements and attempts at automation using remote sensing techniques. The roughness coefficients were implemented into the Delft3D model, showing contributions of floodplains to river discharge. Despite challenges, including equipment installation timing and location disruptions due to bridge construction, the project provides valuable insights for improving hydrological models and preventing dam spillages in the future.","River; Discharge; DELFT3D; sensor network; floodplain; Roughness coefficient; GNSS-reflectometry; openrivercam; rating curve","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:c5df7432-40e8-4903-b095-492884e9b2c2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5df7432-40e8-4903-b095-492884e9b2c2","A student journey of social impact and technological advancement for drinking water in schools and communities in Ecuador","Frey, Veronika (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kraaijvanger, Joost (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Lorenzen da Silva, Valentin (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Oudenes, Derby (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Lantsoght, E.O.L. (mentor); Morales, Gabriela (mentor); Ochoa, Valeria (mentor); Cervantes, Estefanía (mentor); Guerra, Miguel Andrés (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In this project, student teams from Universidad San Francisco de Quito and Delft University of Technology worked together to provide safe drinking water in Ecuador. We used M-100 chlorinators from the company WaterStep, donated by Water Ambassadors Canada, to chlorinate water in schools and communities. The journey involved testing water quality, setting up the chlorination systems, and learning how to work in different communities. The key to success was testing water properly and setting up the system carefully. Learnings about working with local communities and organizations are included as well as the importance to understand each community’s needs to make a real difference.","Safe Drinking Water; Chlorination System; Water Quality testing; Community Engagement","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:d1ece59d-ac80-4d39-a10e-a24bec86ccce","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d1ece59d-ac80-4d39-a10e-a24bec86ccce","A Study into Cloud Forests: The installation of a long-term setup to investigate the impact of a cloud forest canopy on the Mestelá River catchment and its effect on various stakeholders","Boot, Cilia (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Hilmer, Floris (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Jongkind, Adinda (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Leeuwen, Pieter (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Rosman, Ruben (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Pande, S. (mentor); Coenders-Gerrits, Miriam (mentor); Ninan, Johan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The research question addressed in this study is ”To what extent does the presence of a cloud forest canopy impact the Mestelá River catchment and how will this affect the various involved stakeholders?”. The study aims to investigate the importance of cloud forests in the Mestelá River catchment, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala, related to water security and the social impact of cloud forest conservation and management. The research methods used in this study were a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods.
Cloud forests play a vital role in regulating water flow in catchments. The Mestelá River catchment, where the NGO Community Cloud Forest Conservation (CCFC) is situated, is the focus of this research. The project’s primary aim was to establish a long-term canopy setup, ensuring future data collection. The project’s scope encompasses a range of methodologies, including the installation of a long-term measurement station in the canopy, computation of the Mestelá River discharge, the development of a rating curve, and the utilisation of a FLEX-Topo model to simulate the hydrological cycle in the catchment. Additionally, a stakeholder management analysis was conducted to understand the complex impact of cloud forests (conservation) on various stakeholders.
The study did not explicitly formulate any hypotheses, but the findings provide evidence for the impact of cloud forest canopies on river catchments and discharge. The study also has limitations, including the small sample size and the lack of long-term data. However, the study provides valuable insights into the importance of cloud forest ecosystems for water security and the social impact of cloud forest conservation and management. The stakeholder analysis reveals that for CCFC two methods of advocacy can be used. Whilst the CCFC is effective in bottom-up engagement with the community, in addition, a strip for small children was constructed. For top-down advocacy, using the FLEX-Topo
model for visualising water security in combination with cloud forest protection holds promise.
The implications of this work are substantial for cloud forest conservation and associated ecosystems. The findings offer valuable insights for developing effective conservation strategies that consider the canopy’s impact on the catchment and its stakeholders. It is important to note that the FLEX-Topo model is currently conceptual and requires further refinement and detail for the Mestelá River catchment. Nevertheless, this study contributes significantly to the understanding of cloud forest ecosystems and offers practical and theoretical applications for future research and conservation efforts.","Cloud Forest; Canopy; Catchment area; Hydrological cycle; FLEX-Topo","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:3fa2160c-f2e2-4f81-90d8-9a6f56f856ed","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3fa2160c-f2e2-4f81-90d8-9a6f56f856ed","Research on waterlogging and interventions in Ricanau Mofo: Scientific study on mitigating water nuisance through socio-technical intervention assessment","van Dongen, Elize (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); Houben, Tom (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kwa, Cecile (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering); de Man, Max (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Meinema, Guus (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Vliet, Juwe (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor); Kok, M. (mentor); Smulders, F.E.H.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This research addresses how Ricanau Mofo, a low-lying village in Surinam, can become a more water-adaptive and sustainable village, while it faces land erosion, river bank erosion, changing rainfall patterns and sea level rise. It is urgent to intervene, as these issues are expected to increase in occurrence due to climate change. Constraints and limitations that are important to take into account are cultural preservation, maintaining accessibility to the Cottica River, the limited availability of financial resources and the need for a low-maintenance intervention.
Three strategies are proposed. The first focuses on addressing land erosion. Planting vegetation on critically eroding areas is a short term measure, while the long-term involves constructing footpaths with drainage channels. This not only mitigates soil erosion, but also regulates water and is relatively cost efficient. The second strategy targets the river bank erosion, which includes wooden bulkheads with vegetation and stones for short term implementation. For the long term, a river bank protection system with groynes is designed, to break waves, slow down the stream velocity and in time causes land gain. As the long term plans require external financial aid, a business case is set up and shared with the captain of Ricanau Mofo, STEORR, the District Commissioner and the Ministry of Public Works. The third strategy addresses water damage in the urban environment. Short-term it consists of providing building guidelines of where to build more water adaptive, and how. This is placed on an informational board in the village. The long-term contains a flood early warning system and recommended equipment.
This project's significance lies in identifying interventions that are effective against erosion and water damage while being locally implementable in the rural areas of Surinam. It can be seen as a pilot project that is scalable to other villages along the Cottica River or in the whole of Surinam. However, there are limitations to the project. The most important is the lack of data quantity and data quality. This caused implications for dimensioning the interventions and their financial impact. Another limitation is that the project does not create ‘dry feet’ for the village; it creates a way of mitigating water damage while living next to the Cottica River. In addition, there is a limitation in the financing of follow-up projects. Therefore, a business case is also being delivered to the Ministry of Public Works, the District Commissioner of Marowijne South-West and the captain of Ricanau Mofo. They can use it to apply for funds from international organisations and include it in future policy plans.
To summarise, Ricanau Mofo can become more water adaptive by regulating how to build and where, by continuing the prototype of the bulkheads by planting more vegetation and, by requesting financial aid for the river bank protection long term. As Figure 0.2 shows, it not only contributes as a report, but also in a tangible form of a prototype and in educational information boards in the local language to enhance the continuity and help the village.","Water adaptive; Sustainable village; Land erosion; river bank erosion; Water nuisance; Design research; civil engineering research; hydrological research; Pilot projects; Prototype Development; Data quantity; Data Quality; Multidisciplinairity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","","5.677965,-54.424371"
"uuid:26d848f8-35d0-47bf-9a3e-f2de017398cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26d848f8-35d0-47bf-9a3e-f2de017398cf","Characterization of plastic transport in the Saigon River: An analysis of the river stretch that crosses Ho Chi Minh City conducted in the rainy season.","Forte, Edoardo (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Lena, Francesca (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Zamuner, Agatha (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Taormina, R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Saigon River, coursing through Ho Chi Minh City, is a vital yet alarmingly polluted waterway. It ranks among the top 50 rivers globally contributing to plastic pollution. This study delves into the complex mechanisms governing the transport of floating plastic within a tidal system, such as the Saigon River.
Our methodology adopts a multifaceted approach, combining visual observations, on-site measurements, and a comparison with existing literature data and methodologies. The factors influencing plastic transport in the studied river stretch are several and complex, ranging from the seasonal fluctuations in rainfall and tidal patterns to the role played by water hyacinths, acting as effective catchments for plastic litter, thus shaping the trajectory of these materials. Furthermore, we investigate the different types of plastic that flow on the river surface.
At the end of our research, we develop an early-stage conceptual model. This model serves as a framework that could help understanding plastic transport within the Saigon River and emphasizing the interplay of numerous influencing factors.
Our findings underscore the necessity for comprehensive investigations into plastic transport in the Saigon River. By addressing these knowledge gaps, we can develop more effective strategies to mitigate plastic pollution.","Plastic Pollution; Saigon River; Rainfall","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","CEGM3000",""
"uuid:fb49971f-1151-4343-9feb-3cde73cb60a4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb49971f-1151-4343-9feb-3cde73cb60a4","Theatre of Sky - Land van Chabot","Braz Del Giglio, Denise (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kuiters, Timon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Koolhaas, Wessel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Pavlou, Katerina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rybak, Małgorzata (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Stappers, Jonas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Verheij, Maarten (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Xanthopoulos, Giorgos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Yu, Jun (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","de Wit, S.I. (mentor); Veras Morais, M (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This booklet is the attempt to synthesize the work developed by a multidisciplinary group of Master students from TU-Delft during the Landscape elective course OnSite. The course revolves around the design and the construction of a temporary project in a landscape setting, preceded by extensive exploration of the site. During the course, the students were given the unique chance to experience the land in multiple forms, and later on, feel the impact of their intervention.
We were assigned to work in the area called Land of Chabot, located in the north of Rotterdam, where the famous painter Henk Chabot (1894-1949) used to live. The area is constrained by the Rotte River on the north, an untouched forested area on the right and a relic of the original agricultural polders and on the left. It is currently being cut in the middle by the construction of the A16 motorway, which leads to deep structural and symbolic transformation of the landscape.
Chabot used to paint this landscape, evoking the essence of the land by his raw, harsh, and bold brushstrokes. Another powerful characteristic of his
work are the different viewpoints from which he paints the land, bringing the viewers to experience its openness and contemplate the land to its fullest.
Today, the land of Chabot is a fragment of an open farmland tissue that once surrounded the whole city of Rotterdam, and that has been profoundly changed over the years. The reason why this specific piece of land remains, is the construction of the A16 motorway that is now happening, after 30 years of planning. A huge contradiction arises due to the fact that the highway that is disrupting the land by carving it in the middle, is the very same reason why this land has been kept preserved over the years.
During the design process of our intervention, we aimed to tackle the cultural and symbolic significance of this place, and mostly, what new meanings and ways to see this landscape could take place now, given its inevitable current transformations. We dived into Chabot’s paintings and tried to capture his shifting horizon - that is different when viewed from the Rotte than when viewed from the dike, from the house where Chabot lived and worked, or from the polder floor. Our intervention became an attempt to descend into this land in order to see it.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Landscape Architecture","AR0149 2022/23 Q4",""
"uuid:7bb027b5-0654-4538-8c0b-443b33b63103","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7bb027b5-0654-4538-8c0b-443b33b63103","Possible integrated coastal interventions in Playa Unión and Puerto Rawson: An area prone to coastal erosion","La Poutré, Luc (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Bryan, Jesper (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Damen, Kim (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Dekker, Deborah (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Scholte, Josephine (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Witmer, Benjamin (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Hendrikse, H. (mentor); Antolínez, José A. Á. (graduation committee); Arecco, P. (graduation committee); Iglesias, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Playa Unión and Puerto Rawson are facing severe coastal erosion and increasingly the negative effects. Since the first half of the 20th century there have been signs of erosion, but also of sedimentation. However, the coastline in the project area is retreating over the years. The situation has recently been declared an emergency. Furthermore, there are several expansion plans for the port consisting of new quay walls and dredging. It is unsure if these plans will influence the erosion. In this report, the following research question is formed: ”What are valued, preferably nature-based, interventions that can mitigate the coastal erosion in Playa Unión and Puerto Rawson considering the planned expansion of the port?” Due to the limited information and data available, assumptions have been made during the research. A site analysis and a CoastSat analysis are conducted to research the morphology of the coastline and its drivers. The coast has been shaped into a steep upper section of coarse granular material and a gentle lower slope with finer material. The main driver of longshore sediment transport in the area are swell waves, with predominant directions SSE and E. This transport is directed from south to north, resulting in the inflow and outflow of sediments. Furthermore, there is a sediment flow from the Chubut river. Due to the construction of the port’s breakwaters, the longshore sediment transport is interrupted, which causes an imbalance in the sediment flow in the system. More sediment flows out of the system than enters, causing coastal erosion. The development of the port contains public as well as private expansion plans and maintenance dredging. The expansion plans will have little effect on its surroundings. The private plan include a parallel breakwater, which alters the natural balance in the area and dredging works, for which the stability of the existing breakwaters has to be figured out. A stakeholder analysis was done to get insights in the opinions and visions of the stakeholders. This was done by interviewing stakeholders and by doing a questionnaire, resulting in a power-interest grid and overview of interests and attitudes. The boundary conditions for the interventions and criteria for the multi-criteria analysis are partly formulated as a result of the stakeholder analysis. The following interventions were considered in this report: • Permeable pile groynes and low crested groynes
• Opening the northern breakwater: opening and reshaping with a curve, constructing tunnels underneath the breakwater and a sediment bypass
• Port expansion and a sediment bypass with power supply southern of the port
• Dredging and moving sediment
• Sediment trap
• Plant vegetation with beach nourishment
• Gravel engine
• Temporary longitudinal flood barrier as a short term intervention.
A conceptual multi-criteria analysis in combination with a nature-based assessment has been conducted to distinguish the most promising interventions in the conceptual design phase. The criteria formulated were effectiveness, easiness of implementation, maintenance, environmental impact and the benefits for recreation. From this, it can be concluded that the gravel engine and the plant vegetation with beach nourishment score the best.
To answer this research question, several important stakeholders were interviewed. Subsequently, the interviews were analysed thematically in order to extract the most important themes and quotes, PI grids were created to assess power and interest dynamics among stakeholders, and a Social Network Analysis was conducted to understand the CoVE Water SA network and potential clusters.
The research findings have unveiled key aspects for enhancing the effectiveness of CoVE Water SA. The current network in the water sector has a low density, implying that many collaborations are lacking. This leads to a high degree of interdependence within the network, resulting in a non dynamic system. The lack of collaborations, such as connections with TVET colleges, schools, farmers and local communities, results in a lack of knowledge, funding and connection to the labour market. Governmental stakeholders, like DWS, EWSeta, and BGCMA, have been identified as influential players with extensive networks and important resources, Local Authorities and Research Organizations also play important roles. Universities exhibit substantial international links, making them crucial contributors. These stakeholders have the potential to provide knowledge, collaboration, and power. These are valuable insights for CoVE Water SA, fostering network growth and effectiveness in the water sector.
Furthermore, six key themes have been derived from the conducted interviews, addressing the needs of stakeholders and where CoVE can make a valuable contribution.
These themes include raising awareness, reducing the skills gap in the water sector, fostering international collaborations, mitigating the labour shortage in the water sector, improving education material and establishing desired collaborations. For each theme, the interviewed stakeholders have presented their views and numerous suggestions on how CoVE Water SA can assist in addressing these issues. Additionally, stakeholders have also mentioned possible failures of CoVE Water SA, which can aid in preventing any shortcomings of the platform. Furthermore, stakeholders mentioned ongoing initiatives related to the six themes, through which they can contribute to the platform.
From the Thematic Analysis, PI Grids and the SNA, a set of actions have emerged that are essential for enhancing the effectiveness of CoVE Water SA. These actions revolve around expanding and enhancing the network, organising activities and contributing to educational improvement. In terms of broadening and strengthening the network, the platform should focus on enhancing the collaborations among educational groups, building stronger relations with international institutions in Europe and Africa, involving TVETs and schools within the water network, improving stakeholder involvement and encouraging the involvement of Local Communities to increase awareness and knowledge about water issues. Furthermore, CoVE Water SA should play a role in organising activities to raise awareness of Water Resource Management. Additionally, it should assist in improving curricula, supporting students’ preparation for the workforce and making the education more practical instead of only theoretical. CoVE Water SA should also provide training and learning resources as well as comprehensive courses.
However, this study recognizes several limitations that should be considered in future research and when implementing recommendations for CoVE Water SA. These limitations encompass factors like a limited scope due to resource and time constraints, minimal varied interviewee responses, and potential biases in responses. Addressing these limitations will be crucial in guiding future research and actions for CoVE Water SA.
The initial tool focused on Netherlands data, but the ultimate goal was to make it applicable to other countries/regions. The research involved evaluating data availability for different regions, acquiring and aligning relevant data for Grasshopper, and implementing these data workflows into wind and solar analyses.
The data evaluation stage revealed challenges due to varying data availability and accessibility across countries. For example, Germany's fragmented data required navigating different portals, while Hong Kong's centralized data via API was more accessible. The lack of standardization hindered automation, necessitating manual data retrieval strategies that could be challenging for non-geomatics experts.
Data alignment methods varied, introducing complexities. For instance, Italy required 3D extrusion from 2D shapefiles, leading to unavoidable errors. Spain used a different method, showcasing the difficulty of a universal solution due to data standardization and interoperability issues.
Two techniques were envisioned for the open-data tool: TIN-based and Voxel-based methods, each with distinct qualities and limitations. The TIN-method offered high-quality analyses but required rigorous data alignment, while the Voxel-based method allowed flexibility but risked issues with resolution.
Limitations of exploratory analysis included a focus on five countries/regions and inherent constraints of Rhinoceros, limiting tool accessibility and requiring alternative approaches. Additionally, language barriers and data platform permeability might have led to overlooked datasets.
In conclusion, the report acknowledges the need for future work. Optimization of code for readability and performance is suggested, and the inclusion of additional data types (vegetation, land use, transport) in data workflows is proposed. Input from AEC professionals through methods like questionnaires or testing is recommended for further improvement. This report emphasizes the evolving nature of the tool and the importance of ongoing refinement to meet the needs of diverse AEC professionals.","","en","student report","","","","","","https://github.com/biscuittsai1022/Synthesis-project_1-repository_2023","","","","","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:a39e2c3e-640c-4fa5-8abf-1e376d75ae5f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a39e2c3e-640c-4fa5-8abf-1e376d75ae5f","Georeferencing Historic Map Series: An Automated Approach","Tsipa, Eirini (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Iliopoulos, Giorgos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Post, Oliver (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Aalders, Rianne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Verbree, E. (mentor); Schoonman, J.A. (graduation committee); Meijers, B.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The present report is the end result of the project that was carried out as part of the Geomatics Synthesis Project in cooperation with AllMaps, an open-source platform dedicated to the viewing and georeferencing of historic maps. The main objective of the project was to automatically georeference historic map series curated and digitised by the Dutch National Archive. This was based on the corner coordinates of the map sheets. The first issue that had to be tackled was the reprojection of the original coordinates which were in Bonne projection
to WGS84 coordinates. To determine the corners of the map content within the sheets two methods were implemented. The first one detects the lines based on HoughLines Probabilistic Transformation and the second one detects lines based on the distribution of black pixels in the rows and columns of the images. In addition to map sheets with corner coordinates, there are two other sets of images which were georeferenced utilising a convolution neural network that performs feature matching. The feature matching was performed by running the two sets of images against the georeferenced sheets with known corner coordinates. To minimise the search space for this process a geocoder was used to determine the approximate location of the image. The implemented methods appear to hold the potential for georeferencing old map series. It is worth noting that the developed algorithms, while effective in many cases, may encounter challenges when dealing with irregularities on map sheets caused by the passage
of time, such as damage. Consequently, there is a great opportunity to further enhance the algorithms to ensure they can consistently and accurately georeference images, even when faced with such irregularities. This ongoing development will lead to improved georeferencing accuracy and user confidence.","Automation; Georeferencing; Map series; Cartography; Historic maps; Allmaps; Open data; Artificial intelligence (AI); Feature matching; Corner detection; Bonnebladen; TMK; Bonne projection; TU Delft; Synthesis Project","en","student report","","","","","","https://github.com/geor-tudelft/iiifmap The code created for and used in this project https://allmaps.org/ The client of our project and the annotation pages we created can be viewed in its viewer","","","","","","Geomatics","GEO1011 Synthesis Project",""
"uuid:585100a5-f696-487f-a197-858ffa422f26","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:585100a5-f696-487f-a197-858ffa422f26","Building and roof type classification on 3D city models","Li, Sitong (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rao, Chengzhi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Zhang, Chi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wei, Wei (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","León Sánchez, C.A. (mentor); Stavropoulou, G. (mentor); Stoter, J.E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In a rapidly evolving digital landscape, 3D city models have become more accurate and complex. Despite their widespread availability of open-source 3D city model datasets, these invaluable resources remain underutilized. Our primary goal centers on the classification of building and roof types. For our client, Spotr, our work directly impacts on their current project of house value estimations for insurance companies. Beyond insurance, it can be used in energy level rating, sustainability assessments, and so on.
In classification schema design, we designed 15 building types and 7 roof types that are compiled with cities in Europe. We labeled 6599 buildings and 2551 roofs in total using CityJSON files of Delft, Rotterdam, Den Haag, Munich, and Berlin. The accuracy for building classification is 70% and for roof classification is 74%.
For future work, we can increase the labeling amount and include more data from different regions. What's more, it can be extended to 2D roof classification: With the help of 3D roof surfaces, we can easily have the bounding box of the roof and additional 3D features can also be used.
Multiple tests were conducted on the well to answer several questions. The slug test indicated that the fracture is still open and essentially confirmed that it is a shear fracture, however it is unclear to what extent that the fracture is open. The fracture seems to be hydraulically connected to a permeable unit or shallow aquifer. Unfortunately, the length of the fracture could not be determined with the data collected from the test.
Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and seismics were both applied to a location near the borehole to acquire lateral information of the subsurface. The ERT results showed that the layers were horizontally continuous and indicated layers with different compositions based on resistive properties.
Seismic refraction tomography conducted along a part of the same profile showed similar results as the ERT for that part of the profile. P-wave velocities indicate a horizontally layered subsurface in the upper 40m. Additionally surface wave analysis of the same setup utilizing active and passive measurements resulted in a vertical s-wave velocity profile that can be used for future implementation of the planned Borehole Thermal Energy Storage (BTES) system.
The last geophysical method was using gravity data on the region around the site. A map was made by using available data on changes in gravity in the region and plotting the results. On this map the location of remnants of volcanos and the Litoměřice deep fault can be recognised.
Thermal properties of cores were analyzed using a Hot Disk and an optical scanner. Unfortunately the drilling of a new well from which the cores were to be analyzed was delayed, and cores from an uranium mine were used. This way the advantages and disadvantages of both measuring devices could be argued and used for future research.
Past analysis of geothermal regions have shown that exploration of geothermal energy causes surface displacement. It can also be observed during the drilling phase. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are valuable tools to monitor land surface changes. Measurement of surface deformation being one of its many applications. For this study, the above tools have been used to measure surface displacement in the region of Litoměřice.
The design alternatives centres on measures to counteract flooding, specifically cloudburst roads, retention areas, and a promenade. Caution is advised in interpreting results, emphasizing the need for further investigation into hydraulic conditions. Climate change effects are underscored, considering sea level rise, precipitation rates, and increased hurricanes. The project area, focusing on a 1 km stretch, offers local adaptation measures, with potential extension to larger areas to explore system behaviour on a larger scale. The study notes the uncommon implementation of sustainable drainage systems in the United States,
highlighting the importance of addressing common failure causes such as incomplete knowledge and poor communication. While two measures for pluvial flooding are examined, the report suggests a more detailed design should consider additional factors like green roofs and their impact on runoff speed and drainage capacity.","Galveston; Flooding resilience; sustainable drainage systems (SuDS); multidisciplinary project","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:e7f86dc3-4d94-4f4f-bb03-165b589cb37a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7f86dc3-4d94-4f4f-bb03-165b589cb37a","Coastal Erosion and Mangrove Degradation in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam","de Klerk, Geert (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Stroeve, Axel (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); de Wit, Gillis (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); de Wit, Sam (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); Hendrikse, H. (mentor); Truong Hong, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Vietnamese Mekong Delta, a vital region in the country’s economy, faces the dual challenges of coastal erosion and mangrove degradation, which threaten its long-term sustainability and flood protection capabilities. This research focuses on the coastal area of the Bac Lieu province, characterized by severe erosion and degrading mangrove forests. The study investigates the applicability and potential impacts of hydraulic measures to decrease the net rate of coastal erosion, utilizing numerical modeling with Delft3D and a comprehensive socio-economic analysis. The research hypothesizes that the coastal erosion is partly driven by the placement of a sea-dike to protect aquaculture farms, initiating a positive feedback loop. This loop explains the relation between coastal erosion and mangrove degradation. The proposed hydraulic measures to interfere with this feedback loop are a porous detached breakwater, a shoreface nourishment and the removal of the existing sea-dike. The socio-economic analysis involves questionnaires for local residents, field investigations, and insights from experts in Ho Chi Minh City. While the questionnaires provide inconclusive results, the overall socio-economic impact of the nourishment and breakwater is deemed positive and worth further exploration, particularly in light of the critical role of mangroves in future flood protection. On the other hand it is concluded that the measure of removing the sea-dike will have a negative impact on the coastal area of Bac Lieu due to the intensive land-use and the lack of individual protection of the farms and villages. Therefore, this measure is not modelled. Numerical modeling with Delft3D assesses the hydraulic impact of the breakwater and nourishment on the heavily eroded and partially eroded coasts of Bac Lieu. Results indicate that the nourishment method exhibits a positive effect in reducing net erosion, especially in low energy conditions. Conversely, the porous breakwater shows minimal impact on cumulative erosion and sedimentation. Since this is against all expectations, the validity of the schematization of the porous breakwater is questioned. It is observed that the schematization does not grasp the complex behaviour of the breakwater and therefore it is concluded that Deft3D is not a suitable modelling tool for modelling a porous breakwater. The findings suggest that the nourishment method is a promising approach for reducing erosion in Bac Lieu, benefiting both the heavily and partially eroded coasts. To determine the best course of action for Bac Lieu, further research into the long-term effects and configurations of nourishment is recommended. Additionally, informing local inhabitants on the threats of relative sea-level rise and flood protection, and fostering consensus between the government and engineering agencies on the importance of protecting the Mekong Delta and its mangrove ecosystems are essential steps toward a more resilient future.","Mekong Delta; Coastal erosion; Mangroves; Breakwater; Nourishment; Building with Nature; Vietnam; MDP","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","","9.251556, 105.513649"
"uuid:feb24818-1ef3-4db7-9547-5d9a709051a1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:feb24818-1ef3-4db7-9547-5d9a709051a1","Comparative feasibility study of a 30 MW disruptive floater solution with a 15 MW PivotBuoy and a benchmark 15 MW semi-submersible floater in the Bay of Biscay","Tijdeman, Dimitri (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Stevens, Jan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Teuber, Lukas (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Lonissen, Mark (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Roeders, Niels (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Lip, Robbert (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Lange, F.C. (mentor); Hoving, J.S. (graduation committee); Kirichek, Alex (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This paper investigates the technical, life cycle, and economic feasibility of a 30 MW upscaled downwind turbine, comparing it to a 15 MW X1 Wind PivotBuoy downwind turbine and a benchmark 15 MW IEA Umaine VolturnUS-S upwind turbine in the 450 MW Sud de la Bretagne I wind farm site. The study is significant due to the rising energy demand, the potential for decreasing the levelized cost of energy with increased turbine size, and the optimized use of space. The size limit of current upwind turbine designs could be addressed using a downwind turbine solution.
The research is conducted by modelling the global dynamic response of the structure using OpenFAST and computing the natural frequencies and stresses using a finite element model. A lifecycle analysis is performed to identify potential pitfalls and bottlenecks by analysing the individual lifecycle phases. The economic feasibility is assessed by simulating the annual energy production using TOPFARM and utilizing structural analysis and lifecycle assessment to quantify capital, operational, and abandonment expenditures. Based on the annual energy production and the performance indicators the levelized cost of energy is calculated.
The findings indicate that while the global stability is within boundaries, the stress in members is too high with a simple scale-up of the proposed design. Bottlenecks are found in lifting operations and supply chain readiness. The levelized cost of energy and capital expenditure increased due to substructure self-weight, rendering the proposed 30 MW scale-up currently unfeasible when compared to the other two wind farms.
These findings are important as they demonstrate that the 15 MW X1 Wind PivotBuoy is not scalable without design changes. The levelized cost of energy does not decrease with an increased floater solution. The 15 MW X1 Wind PivotBuoy downwind turbine seems more economically viable, making it a more interesting option for future development.","Floating offshore wind turbine (FOWT); LCOE; Structural Analysis; Lifecycle Assessment; OpenFAST; Feasibility Study; MDP; Economic evaluation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:fb6f2000-fd5d-4c58-960e-834d76c74a61","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb6f2000-fd5d-4c58-960e-834d76c74a61","Evaluation of organic acids as scrubbing agents for ammonia recovery from wastewater through Aspen Plus® simulations","Huang, Wenqing (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Spanjers, H. (mentor); van Lier, J.B. (graduation committee); Mutahi, G. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This study evaluates the effectiveness of organic acids, specifically citric acid, lactic acid, and malic acid, as scrubbing agents for ammonia (NH3) recovery from waste air streams. The acid scrubbing process was modeled using Aspen Plus® and validated against sulfuric acid scrubbing process data available in the literature. The effects of various system variables, such as temperature, gas liquid ratio (G/L) pressure, acid and NH3 concentrations, on the scrubbing efficiency as well as outlet ammonium ion mass flow rate was investigated. Results showed that reducing temperature, acid reflux ratio, G/L ratio, and inlet NH3 concentration while increasing pressure and inlet acid concentration can improve scrubbing efficiency. Citric acid exhibited the highest ammonia removal rate, the lowest acid consumption, and the least change in scrubbing efficiency when changing inlet ammonia concentration, followed by malic acid and lactic acid. These findings suggest that citric acid is a promising alternative to sulfuric acid as a scrubbing agent for NH3 recovery in wastewater treatment plants. This study needs to further incorporate the dissociation reactions equations of organic acids to provide accurate results. Additionally, the simulation's simplification in the design of the scrubber system introduces uncertainties in the results.","Ammonia recovery; Organic acids; Acid scrubbing; Wastewater; Circular economy","en","student report","","","","","","","","2025-11-22","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:ed918842-1ee3-4fe5-a5c6-8aab7837f6a2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed918842-1ee3-4fe5-a5c6-8aab7837f6a2","Engineering for Growth: Assessing the Đề Gi Port and Storm Shelter System for Development","Pham, Kim (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Heijl, Merel (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Lai, Madeline (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Everaars, Luke (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Pomp, Laurens (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); de Waaij, Yvar (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Mai Van, C. (mentor); van Binsbergen, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Thuy Loi University (degree granting institution)","2023","In Vietnam, the fishery sector is vital for the economy. The government strives towards an increase in fishing activities in the coming years. The Quy Nhơn port, a key hub in central Vietnam, is set to accommodate more international vessels. This means local fishermen must rely on other ports like Đề Gi, which also needs upgrading to meet aquaculture production goals. To support the fishing sector's growth in Bình Định province, the Khu neo đậu đầm Đề Gi (KND) project is initiated by the local authorities and will contribute to upgrading the Đề Gi port and construct a new storm shelter. However, this project has potential issues: (1) it focuses mainly on storm shelter capacity and does not address the increase of traffic in the current network capacity, (2) the estuary suffers from sedimentation issues, limiting the nautical accessibility of the access channel, resulting in a decrease of port and storm shelter functionality. To tackle these problems the following main question is investigated:
What is the current performance of the Đề Gi port and storm shelter system, and how can engineering methods be used to assess its potential for future growth within the broader context of sustainable socio-economic development?
The main research question is going to be supported by the following sub-questions:
How will the current logistic service network perform in the future vision as foreseen by the responsible authorities and how to verify it with an engineering responsible approach?
How to examine the accessibility of the port and storm shelter in the KND project, while ensuring a safe, robust, durable and effective system?
What are the consequences of the port and storm shelter upgrade on the logistical system and on the conditions in the waterway and what impact does this have on the Đề Gi area?
The main aim of this research is apply engineering methods to understand the system in order to assess its performance and put this in the context of the socio-economic development of the Đề Gi area and the Bình Định province. To achieve this, various research methods are used to analyse the current state of logistic service and nautical accessibility, to identify the bottlenecks in the systems. To include the aspect of incorporating the socio-economics in a broader context of the area, a stakeholder analysis is introduced. For the inland logistic services of the port, a qualitative 4(+1)-transport modelling model is established. For investigating the nautical accessibility, a comprehensive system analysis, including the topics of (1) climate, (2) hydrodynamics, (3) morphodynamics and (4) current and future conditions of the access channel, is conducted to provide insights into nautical accessibility challenges to enhance the safety, robustness, durable and effectiveness of the access channel.
To analyse the logistic service system in the area, field observation in combination with interviews are performed to have a concrete insight into the characteristic harbour patterns, traffic and transportation system and the current transportation network for the goods originating from the harbour. Additionally, various development plans and visions outlined by local authorities are reviewed to gain a comprehensive understanding of the area's future development. By evaluating the current state of the logistic service network alongside the region's development plans, the limitations within the network are identified. The primary bottlenecks in the logistic services system predominantly revolve around capacity and quality issues in the existing road network. Many of these limitations are expected to be addressed through the implementation of the local authorities' development visions. However, for a reliable conclusion, an engineering approach is necessary. To achieve this, a 4(+1)-step transport modelling, coupled with an All-Or-Nothing traffic assignment, is recommended. For the examination of the Đề Gi road network and traffic assignment, this approach provided an initial assessment of the intensity of each link within the study area relative to its corresponding capacity.
The second sub-question is addressed through an analysis and depth assessment, uncovering critical nautical accessibility bottlenecks. These include draught limitations and climate change impacts, potentially compromising safety, robustness, durability, and effectiveness. A depth assessment, considering different vessel types and water levels, provides insights into the current channel status. Safety is a major concern, especially for larger vessels during low water conditions, heightened by climate change. Robustness faces challenges due to sedimentation and storm vulnerabilities. Durability is threatened by changing climate conditions affecting sediment dynamics and storms. Effectiveness remains relatively stable, with 90\% accessibility for the expected future vessel fleet. These findings particularly point to the need for safety and durability measures, especially in light of future climate change predictions, necessitating climate-resilient design.
The third sub-question explores the port and storm shelter upgrade's impact on Đề Gi. Consequences include increased traffic and vessel intensity, on land and through the access channel, and a shift in vessel fleet mix, requiring improved infrastructure and access channel design. This enhances safety and, ultimately, drives socio-economic growth, education, and investment appeal in the Đề Gi area.
In the Đề Gi area, current transportation capacity falls short of future growth needs. Local authorities' development plans aim to resolve logistic service bottlenecks. Nautical accessibility is currently 90\% effective but not consistently safe. Climate change threatens its durability. Engineering models, like the 4(+1) step methodology and comprehensive system analysis in combination with a depth assessment, uncover transport and nautical accessibility challenges. These methods assess future impacts of the port and storm shelter upgrade, benefiting the Đề Gi area with socio-economic development, improved safety and new opportunities for the local community.","Vietnam; Đề Gi; Nautical Accessibility; Network Capacity; Port and Storm Shelter; Multidisciplinary Project","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","Multidisciplinary Project","14.127575, 109.206819"
"uuid:9b7cde98-9508-49db-a6e2-c48fc203621d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b7cde98-9508-49db-a6e2-c48fc203621d","The Legal Dilemma for Environmental Democracy: Application of Blue Engineering","Gurumurthy, Raj (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Compliance through deterrence is the major criteria for the implementation of environmental laws. The study conducted by Jerry and Amy, (2023), showed that this compliance through deterrence was implemented only to not allow the violator to have an economic advantage over the non-violator. The data obtained in the study, indicated that fundamental problems existed in the calculations of these deterrence methods which were by and large monetary penalties and in the worst-case scenario, incarceration. This study, challenges this system of litigating and decision making on environmental violations by the application of Blue Engineering through its tool the TINS-D Constellation. Monsanto’s recent environmental lawsuit was considered, which was ruled for a 700 million USD settlement penalty for the pollution of the Oregon’s waterways due to the discharge of polychlorinated biphenyls. With the current environmental laws structured to levy monetary penalties on the violator, this lawsuit was subjected to a group of Blue Engineering students, to see if a different ruling could be achieved. On successfully conducting the research, it was seen that a new ruling which attained which resulted in a cleanup by Monsanto under the supervision of a third party which had unanimously received a 75% acceptance. With this being in accordance with the hypothesis the research question was answered. It could be concluded that the application of Blue Engineering and its tool reduced the reliance of Environmental Laws on monetary penalties thereby increasing the potential of establishing environmental laws to solving the environmental problems democratically.","Blue Engineering; Environmental Lawsuits; TINS-D Constellation; Monetary penalties; Environmental Democracy; Decision Making; Building Block","en","student report","","","","","","Additional Thesis","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:12f03a6d-7571-42e8-a849-4b211649e074","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:12f03a6d-7571-42e8-a849-4b211649e074","A study on applying OpenRiverCam software to determine river discharge levels and the design of a rain radar calibration model in Thailand","Toet, Willem (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); van der Plas, Luuk (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Wijngaarden, Dirk (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Aberson Bodewes, Niek (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); van Lith, Jochem (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); van Biert, L. (mentor); Tax, D.M.J. (mentor); Mapiam, P.P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","multi-disciplinary project",""
"uuid:e8e52ce2-0051-4bbf-9d64-eda6204ba6c4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e8e52ce2-0051-4bbf-9d64-eda6204ba6c4","Impact Assessment of the Partial Closure of the Ham Luong Estuary","van Asselt, Jasper (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Bervoets, Hannah (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Bloem, Celine (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kindermann, Vincent (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Koopman, Ruben (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Zwaan, Linde (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Mai Van, C. (mentor); Alkisaei, H. (graduation committee); Truong Hong, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Mekong Delta in Vietnam is facing several challenges as a result of climate change. Among others, the effects include an increase in river discharge during the wet season, leading to river floods, and a decrease in river discharge during the dry season. The decrease in discharge results in a shortage of fresh water required for irrigation and drinking water. Besides that, the combination of sea-level rise, land subsidence, and decreased river discharge during the dry season results in saltwater intrusion. This threatens freshwater supply even more. Furthermore, there is an increasing risk of floods from the sea due to low land elevation and the rising sea level in combination with the occurrence of storm surges. The scope of this research is the area around the Ham Luong estuary, which is a branch of the Mekong River. The partial closure of this river branch is considered by the Vietnamese government as a measure to reduce the effect of the above-mentioned effects of climate change. However, not enough research has been conducted yet on the impact of a partial closure on the Ham Luong estuary. This has lead to the following research question: “What is the impact of various closure scenarios on the hydraulic characteristics and social activities in the Ham Luong estuary, considering a 75-year forecast?” The region of the Ham Luong estuary is characterised by its intensive agri- and aquaculture. More than 60% of the inhabitants is directly active within the agri- or aquaculture. As these activities are strongly dependent on the salinity of the estuary, they are highly affected by the effects of climate change. The region is densely populated with more than 125,000 inhabitants living near the Ham Luong estuary. It is clear that the effects of climate change are threatening the region in hydraulic aspects, as well as socio-economic aspects. A partial closure could reduce these effects, but will influence the region in several ways. In order to estimate the impact, a combination of hydraulic and socio-economic aspects is assessed based on a criteria set. This criteria set contains the criteria of freshwater supply, agricultural and aquaculture adaptation, biodiversity, stable riverbanks, and navigability. These criteria will be tested on a total of four alternative interventions in the Ham Luong estuary. Three alternatives with a storm surge barrier and one alternative without a storm surge barrier. All alternatives include heightening of the existing dyke system, as this seems to be inevitable when aiming for long-term development in the region. The extend of dyke heightening is subject to the choice of alternative. As a part of the impact analysis, a Delft3D model was built to analyse the hydrodynamic and morphodynamic processes in the Ham Luong estuary. The model was restricted to the chosen spatial scope, which only covers the Ham Luong estuary, without any upstream bifurcations. The model gave insights in processes like salt intrusion, sedimentation rates, and water levels. However, due to model simplifications and assumptions, the outcomes of the model where not useful for quantitative assessments. Still, the results are used to compare the impact of the different alternatives to each other. As expected, the alternatives that include a storm surge barrier will provide more possibilities to retain fresh water than the alternative without a barrier. From the results, it followed that the limited spatial scope excludes the redistribution of upstream discharge. It is recommended to look at a larger scale of the Mekong Delta when assessing hydro- and morphodynamic processes. Forming a flood protection system, the structural design of such a storm surge barrier, together with a quick estimation of a dyke system. The dyke system is different for each alternative, depending on the presence and the location of a barrier. The barrier design includes a thorough analysis on feasibility of gate types, technical requirements, load combinations, design of dimensions, and the operation. The load combinations take hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, wind, and soil loads into account. The design of the dimensions is done for the gates, sill, lifting structure, pier, foundation, and the bed protection. By assessing the above-mentioned criteria, a preferred solution is identified. This preference is based on a Multi-Criteria Analysis, which includes weighted scores for all alternatives. The outcome of the Multi-Criteria Analysis appears to be very sensitive to the rating and weights of the criteria, which makes it difficult to identify one of the alternatives as the preferred solution based on only the score on the different criteria. For this reason more research is needed. However, when including a cost estimation of the four alternatives, it can be stated that the alternative of no storm surge barrier and only the corresponding extensive dyke heightening could be considered as most cost-beneficial alternative and therefore as the preferred solution. It is expected that with or without closure of the Ham Luong estuary the system will change. The availability of fresh water will be improved by the presence of a closure, although more research is needed to specify this further. The increasing salt intrusion, as a result of Relative Sea-Level Rise (RSLR) will lead to agricultural and aquaculture adaptation in all alternatives. Either due to the construction of the barrier, or due to the gradual RSLR. A closure also has effect on the biodiversity, stability of the river banks, and navigability in the river. When implementing a closure these effects should be further investigated to assess the effect quantitatively.","Mekong Delta; Salt intrusion; Flooding; Storm surge barrier; DELFT3D; Impact Assessment; Vietnam; Estuary; MDP","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:0c359834-f682-4f32-9b29-000004cc2e3f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0c359834-f682-4f32-9b29-000004cc2e3f","Analysis Variations in Shoulder Rotation Behavior with Respect to Macroscopic Crowd Characteristics: Insights from CROWDLIMITS","Aldarawsheh, Muhammed (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Yuan, Y. (mentor); Duives, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In crowded pedestrian environments, individuals often resort to rotating their bodies as a strategy to avoid collisions. Surprisingly, this rotational behavior, despite its significant implications for crowd capacity, has received relatively little attention in research. This study seeks to fill this gap by diving into the complicated world of pedestrian rotation behavior, particularly in the context of high-density bidirectional and crossing flows.
Drawing upon data gathered from the CrowdLimits experiments, we start the exploration of how various factors impact the rotation behavior of pedestrians. Our investigation covers crowd density, the fundamental movement scenarios (bidirectional and crossing flows), flow ratio, and the influence of disturbances within the crowd under different scenarios.
Our key findings reveal that all these factors play a role in shaping the frequency of rotations within a crowd. However, the extent and precise conditions under which these factors influence this subject demand further in-depth research and exploration.
In essence, this study addresses the fundamental question: How does shoulder rotation behavior vary concerning macroscopic crowd characteristics, including crowd density, flow ratio, and movement patterns like bidirectional and crossing flows? Through this research, we hope to highlight the complex interplay between these factors and the rotational strategies operated by pedestrians, ultimately enhancing our understanding of crowd dynamics.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:29df7a17-699b-423a-a858-42e2a2095265","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:29df7a17-699b-423a-a858-42e2a2095265","Wind Modification and Aerodynamic Parameters: Supporting Heat Stress Research for a Resilient Urban Environment","O'Hanrahan, Mike (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Droste, A.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Understanding wind profiles in urban areas is vital for various applications including urban planning and environmental science. This study aims to characterise the modification of wind profiles in The Heat Square through anemometer observations, focusing on the influence of building morphology. Previous studies have endorsed methodologies that consider building height variability. Still, our results suggest that rule-of-thumb morphometric methods based on average building height offer closer anemometric estimates in this specific urban setting. Unfortunately, the lack of inertial sublayer (ISL) wind speed measurements constrains the generalizability of our findings. Additionally, sub-optimal anemometer installation height poses another limitation to the study. Despite these constraints, the results should serve as reasonable estimates for modelling efforts concerning heat flux and heat stress. The study strongly recommends further research to address existing limitations, aiming to generate more reliable field estimates, particularly for The Heat Square and The Green Village.","Heat Stress; Wind; Aerodynamic Parameter; Roughness; Displacement; Resilience; Sustainable; Design; Urban","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","The Green Village","51.99669863023042, 4.377583019585323"
"uuid:236d2101-eb91-4f28-bd59-c8c9c3c2b775","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:236d2101-eb91-4f28-bd59-c8c9c3c2b775","Semantic Segmentation of 3D Building Facade Point Clouds Using Dynamic Graph CNN","CHEN, Vincent (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Lindenbergh, R.C. (mentor); Verhagen, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The 3D point cloud representation of building holds significant importance in developing a comprehensive smart city model. However, due to the substantial volume of point cloud data and its inherently unstructured nature, accomplishing semantic segmentation of the point cloud poses a formidable challenge. Recent years have witnessed substantial advancements in employing deep learning techniques for point cloud segmentation. Both PointNet and PointNet++ have demonstrated their prowess in managing point cloud data. In the context of this study, we harness the potential of DGCNN for segmenting building point clouds. DGCNN plays a pivotal role in partitioning the input point cloud, thereby influencing the sensor domain's network range. Consequently, this research delves into the role of parameter k in K-NN (K-Nearest Neighbors) and its implications. The findings illustrate that augmenting the 'k' value contributes to enhancing the overall precision of DGCNN. Nonetheless, complete precision in segmenting every module cannot be assured. The research objectives in the study is building façade, and the targets are windows, walls, balconies and doors. In this study, the key parameters are the values of 'k' and the 'block size.' Experiments were conducted by varying the values of these two parameters to obtain different segmentation results of building facade point clouds. Notably, setting k to 20, block size to 1m achieves an overall accuracy rate of 89.75%, a mean accuracy rate of 85.03%, an IoU of 76.24%, while elevating k to 30 and block size to 1m results in a heightened accuracy rate of 95.74%, a mean accuracy rate of 89.37%, an IoU of 81.52%.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:925bb862-81ba-4909-a061-a67258991580","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:925bb862-81ba-4909-a061-a67258991580","Effect of spacer thickness on the overall energy consumption of BPMED using ammonium sulfate solution","Mithaiwala, Hiteshree (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Spanjers, H. (mentor); van Lier, J.B. (graduation committee); Narayen, D. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Removal of ammonium from simulated ammonium salt solutions was done using bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPMED), without the use of chemicals. The effect of spacer thickness and open area on the overall energy consumption of BPMED to transport ammonium from the diluate was assessed in batch experiments. The electrochemical energy consumption decreased from 28 MJ/Kg-NH4+ to 16 MJ/Kg-NH4+ when the spacer thickness decreased from 750 μm to 140 μm.
The removal efficiencies of ammonium from the diluate increased from 77% to 85% when the spacer thickness decreased from 750 μm to 140 μm. These results show that with the increasing spacer thickness, the open area and porosity also increase, which accounts for higher resistance on the membrane stack. However, besides open area and porosity, it is the thickness of the spacer that plays a major role in higher energy consumption. This study demonstrated the energy-efficient application of BPMED for the removal of ammonium from simulated ammonium salt solutions.1","Bipolar membrane electrodialysis; spacers open area; spacers porosity; electrochemical energy consumption; 1","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","",""
"uuid:94424710-5b99-4a7f-a40f-7a3d4a6328d1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94424710-5b99-4a7f-a40f-7a3d4a6328d1","The story of the Sanatorium, Baarn, designed by H.P. Berlage & T. Sanders","Daun, Ryan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This study investigates the evolving role of the health and wellness centre Sanatorium Baarn, designed by H.P. Berlage and T. Sanders, through the lens of changing public perception over time. The inquiry is grounded in the central question:
'To what extent has the public reception of the health and wellness centre Sanatorium Baarn, designed by H.P Berlage and Theo Sanders, evolved over time and which factors within and outside the design process have influenced this interpretation and evaluation?'
The Sanatorium, envisioned by H.P. Berlage and T. Sanders, aimed to rival European health centres ('Kur') and establish itself within Baarn's community. Surprisingly, it exceeded expectations, becoming a haven for both the rich and ill. Initially embraced, the Sanatorium's architectural intricacies were cherished by the community. Its significance persisted, endorsed by figures like Sergio Polano. However, a gradual transformation unfolded. Neglect, complexities in ownership, wartime disruptions, and post-war decline marred its splendour. Despite rehabilitation, guest numbers dwindled due to factors like car-free days, necessitating closure. Evolving fire safety standards posed further challenges.
Amid these changes, public perception endured, keeping it a cherished symbol. Post-war shifts made it political, transitioning into a facility for war victims (BAVO) and Indonesian repatriates. An arson attempt damaged the structure's integrity, but hope remained for revival. After an auction, the building teetered on a second chance, poised for restoration. The city council, eager to preserve it, oversaw demolition and transformation. Yet, challenges arose with the new design by Van den Broek and Bakema. Municipal decisions and communal functions significantly influenced its trajectory. Ultimately, interventions altered its status, reflecting architectural resilience amidst historical shifts.","AR2A011; Berlage; Baarn","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.20715775410971, 5.2769219101108495"
"uuid:8a82400a-2233-4a84-98be-ed37f7eeb620","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8a82400a-2233-4a84-98be-ed37f7eeb620","Short-term orbital effects of radiation pressure on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter","Stiller, Dominik (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Dirkx, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Precision orbit determination for geodetic applications requires force models even for small perturbations. Radiation from the Sun and Moon is a significant source of perturbation in lunar orbits and inadequate modeling of radiation pressure (RP) can lead to large position errors. This paper describes the short-term effect of RP on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), which has a position knowledge requirement of 50 m to 100 m in total and below 1 m radially. We compared models of varying complexity to determine the benefits and computational cost of high-accuracy RP modeling. We found that (1) the accelerations differ greatly depending on the Sun position, (2) only a paneled spacecraft model can account properly for changing orientation and geometry of LRO, and (3) a constant-albedo model is sufficient for lunar radiation, which is dominated by the thermal component. A spherical harmonics model for lunar albedo increases computational cost with little gain in the attained accuracy. If RP is neglected, the along-track position errors can be as large as 1100 m and the radial error varies periodically with an amplitude of up to 24 m, highlighting the importance of adequate force modeling to meet LRO's orbit determination requirements.","Radiation pressure; Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter; Precision orbit determination; Force modeling","en","student report","","","","","","Analysis and simulation code: https://github.com/DominikStiller/tudelft-hpb-project","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","Honours Programme Bachelor",""
"uuid:33bee0ad-9388-4f6a-a778-531ec2edd9a1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:33bee0ad-9388-4f6a-a778-531ec2edd9a1","Density Field Reconstruction of an Overexpanded Supersonic Jet using Tomographic Background-Oriented Schlieren","Bron Jacobs, Joachim (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Baars, W.J. (mentor); Schrijer, F.F.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","A Tomographic Background-Oriented Schlieren (TBOS) technique is developed to aid in the visualization of compressible flows. An experimental setup was devised around a sub-scale rocket nozzle, in which four cameras were set up in a circular configuration with 30° angular spacing in azimuth. Measurements were taken of the overexpanded supersonic jet plume at various nozzle pressure ratios (NPR), corresponding to different flow regimes during the start-up and shut-down of rocket nozzles. Measurements were also performed for different camera parameters using different exposure times and f-stops in order to study the effect of measurement accuracy. Density gradients and subsequently two-dimensional line-of-sight integrated density fields for each of the camera projections are recovered from the index of refraction field by solving a Poisson equation. The results of this stage are then used to reconstruct two-dimensional slices of the (time-averaged) density field using a tomographic reconstruction algorithm employing the filtered back-projection and the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique. By stacking these two-dimensional slices, the (quasi-) three-dimensional density field is obtained. The accuracy of the implemented method with a relatively low number of sparse cameras is briefly assessed and basic flow features are extracted such as the shock spacing in the overexpanded jet plume.","Background-Oriented Schlieren; BOS; Tomographic reconstruction; Rocket nozzle; Flow visualization; Overexpanded flow; Density field","en","student report","","","","","","For access to the data, please contact the authors. Access to the code and data processing scripts can be found at the following link: https://github.com/joabron/TBOS-aerodynamics","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","Honours Programme Bachelor",""
"uuid:261866f0-4467-4eb2-bcf3-8d76af7cb030","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:261866f0-4467-4eb2-bcf3-8d76af7cb030","Simulation of Greenhouse Tomato Crop Transpiration Using Two Theoretical Models","Yin, Ying (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","ten Veldhuis, Marie-claire (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Water consumption reduction in greenhouse cultivation is a key objective for growers to optimize resource usage. Accurate estimation of transpiration, enabling growers to adapt water inputs to exact plant requirements, is vital for efficient water management. Various models have been developed to estimate transpiration. The Penman-Monteith and Stanghellini models are two of the most widely used models.
The Penman-Monteith model was originally designed for open-field conditions, while the Stanghellini model was specifically developed for greenhouse environments. In this study, the accuracy of these models in estimating transpiration was evaluated by comparing their estimated values with measured transpiration data. By affecting the VPD and stomatal resistance, temperature directly impacts the rate of transpiration in plants. This research also addresses a significant gap in previous studies by determining the optimal observation height for temperature data, which is essential for accurate modeling of transpiration.
Linear regression analysis was employed to assess the performances of the models. The results show that the Stanghellini model provides more precise estimations of transpiration compared to the Penman-Monteith model under greenhouse conditions. Moreover, using temperatures measured above the top of the plant canopy improves the accuracy of tran- spiration estimations in both models. Enhancing the accuracy of transpiration models in greenhouse conditions is critical for promoting efficient water management practices.","Penman-Monteith model; Stanghellini model; Transpiration","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","CIE 5050-09",""
"uuid:d33a301f-c199-4ad4-a233-a8fbb8a30f02","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d33a301f-c199-4ad4-a233-a8fbb8a30f02","Wind School: EXTREME CARE Azraq Refugee Camp Design","Gu, Tianyi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Schroën, R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:e0b51bb1-e35c-43ad-aaaa-778cb19353ba","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e0b51bb1-e35c-43ad-aaaa-778cb19353ba","Understanding User Applications and Indicators for Smart Talking Bicycle Data: A literature review for the application of RingRing and Tracefy data","Nijholt, Vincent (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Yuan, Y. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:07cd0357-804f-41cd-a22d-f33b5b26e098","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:07cd0357-804f-41cd-a22d-f33b5b26e098","Paraná Delta: New scenarios to link delta dynamics with a sustainable development of the Lower Paraná Delta","Amieva Gomez, Ana Paula (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Piccinini, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Paraná Delta, a vital component of the La Plata river basin, is facing severe environmental degradation due to human activities and external pressures. This thesis explores the adaptive capacity of the deltaic system and stakeholders in the ‘Los Pájaros y sus Pueblos Libres’ reserve (LPPL), aiming to propose a strategy for sustainable development of the delta as a whole. The study aims to investigate biophysical processes, governmental policies, and socio-economic and cultural characteristics related to the delta and to propose a strategy for enhancing and promoting sustainable development in the region. A thorough literature review has been conducted regarding relevant existing research and data collection has primarily relied on desk research, (GIS-)data sourcing, and policy documents. Additionally, interviews with experts have been conducted and a thorough site visit has been undertaken. The results of the research contribute to the understanding of the ecological value of deltas and reveal the critical environmental degradation and diminishing ecosystem services specifically in the LPPL area in the Paraná Delta. The thesis emphasizes the importance of adopting a multifaceted and integrated approach that addresses the challenges faced by the delta. It underscores the significance of developing an adaptation plan based on NBS and strongly considering and reviving local knowledge for socially and culturally acceptable solutions. Stakeholder engagement emerges as a crucial factor in fostering collaborations and partnerships that promote a collective system of care and enable sustainable practices. The proposed strategy also advocates for localized interventions that can serve as a driving force for positive change in the entire delta. Sustainable tourism is identified as a strategic tool for conservation and regeneration, raising awareness about the delta’s ecological value and diversifying the existing local economic model greatly dependent on intensive agricultural practices and responsible for the loss of ecosystems. Finally, the thesis challenges the existing conservation framework and proposes a more flexible and adaptive approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of the delta and its surrounding areas.","Paraná Delta; Delta development; integral management; nature based solutions; adaptive capacity; wetlands","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:177cf40b-b39c-4991-9e65-3aeddeedd59d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:177cf40b-b39c-4991-9e65-3aeddeedd59d","Optimize the measurement of Poly-hydroxy-alkanoates (PHA) in biomass","Li, Linghang (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management; TU Delft BT/Environmental Biotechnology)","van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (mentor); de Kreuk, M.K. (mentor); Pronk, M. (mentor); Lindeboom, R.E.F. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Poly-hydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) is an intracellular polymer that can be used as an energy and carbon source by microorganisms. Measuring PHA is important for understanding the microbial metabolism of enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) and aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems. There is a commonly used method to measure PHA, which is based on organic solvent extraction and gas chromatography (GC). However, there are different versions of the same method with different parameters, but the role of some of these parameters is unclear. When different types of biomass are analyzed, there is a requirement to understand the parameters and obtain an optimal protocol. In this study, the effect of various digestion times, different alcohols and organic solvents, and acid concentrations were tested to obtain the optimal protocol. The results showed that a minimum digestion time was required to get the maximum yield of PHA, and the time might differ when using different types of biomass. Methanol was shown to be better for GC separation than propanol. Using different organic solvents didn’t affect the final concentration, and an optimal acid concentration was required to determine by comparison. The GC temperature program optimization showed that lower oven temperature in GC is more beneficial for peak separation. From the analysis, it would be suggested to use methanol and chloroform for digestion and keep the digestion time for 24 hours.","aerobic granular sludge; poly-hydroxy-alkanoates (PHAs); Gas Chromatography (GC); protocol optimization; GC temperature","en","student report","","","","","","","","2024-07-01","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","CIE5050-09",""
"uuid:06b7bf6a-09ae-4703-8663-07ffd60397a8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:06b7bf6a-09ae-4703-8663-07ffd60397a8","A Comparative Study on Unsupervised Machine Learning Models for Detecting Sudden Lane Changes","Zhang, Lanxin (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Farah, H. (mentor); Dong, Y. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Lane-changing behaviour detection is a critical aspect of driving safety and traffic management. This study focuses on detecting sudden lane changes as a subset of abnormal driving behaviours. By analyzing the characteristics of abrupt lane changes, the aim is to develop effective data-driven unsupervised machine learning (ML) methods for their detection and classification. Three unsupervised ML models, namely Isolation Forest, Local Outlier Factor, and Robust Covariance are evaluated and compared using a dataset of lane-change events. The results show that the Isolation Forest and Local Outlier Factor models outperform the Robust Covariance model, with the Local Outlier Factor model excelling in precision and overall accuracy, achieving the best overall detection rate. Both Robust Covariance and Isolation Forest deliver satisfactory results. Conversely, the Robust Covariance model exhibits poor performance. The findings verify the capability of data-driven ML methods for enhancing road safety and driving experiences through effective detection of sudden lane changes using vehicle motion information data. Future work involves further improving the accuracy and reliability of the ML models, validating their generalizability on larger datasets, incorporating contextual information, and exploring their real-time implementation in driving assistance systems.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:f52643f9-defa-4d74-9850-2d6ad25e874c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f52643f9-defa-4d74-9850-2d6ad25e874c","Adaptive regeneration of urban village: in Shenzhen in the context of rapid urbanization","Huang, Chloe (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Qu, L. (mentor); Hausleitner, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Urban regeneration and urbanization are always concomitant topics and phenomena that appear in the history of China and other countries. Until the end of 2021, China's urbanization rate has reached 64.72%. Cities of different sizes and levels have been, are, or will soon be entering the era of inventory planning. Urban villages are the author's primary focus topic of urban regeneration under rapid urbanization. On the one hand, urban villages are the product of rapid urbanization.On the other hand, urban villages are also the key potential areas for urban regeneration. Urban villages have their inevitable ""dynamic"" and ""transitional"" nature in the process of urbanization. They are the link between urban and rural areas and the ""first stage for living"" for different groups.","Adaptive regeneration; rapid urbanization; Socio-Spatial Segregation; Resilience; uneven development; Shenzhen","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","",""
"uuid:38206e49-83e1-4a5c-a930-0baa92bb0460","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:38206e49-83e1-4a5c-a930-0baa92bb0460","A formula to measure the effect of police interventions","Raghav Shankar, Raghav Shankar (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); Glaser, Michael (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); Veerkamp, Kevin (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Ottevanger, Laura (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Niknam, Amir (graduation committee); de Bruin, B.J.E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Currently, there is not a clear and well-defined metric available that can be used to measure safety and in turn justify resource allocation within the police Department. This metric will help decision-makers understand the situation better prior to taking major decisions. The large amount of data available to the police is not yet used to its full potential when making these critical decisions. This project aims to translate and quantify the qualitative concept of safety by relying on measurable values found in the Netherlands. The creation of this metric will successfully allow the police to compare, over time, how police resource allocation and intervention tactics lead to a safer society in the Netherlands. The proposed final equation is put together, combining Crime-Harm Index, Utility, and Effectiveness factor of the police. Each of these individual components of the equation were studied individually and the final equation has been explained and validated with hypothetical values. This leads to a composite safety factor, which is bounded from 0 to 1. The safety factor can be
later visualised, essentially displaying a hot-spot map that updates frequently. This will help the police in determining the effectiveness of their decisions and measure the impact of their interventions to a certain extent. Moving forward, we believe the Dutch National Police should take such a form of measurement into serious consideration, as this equation explores a more holistic representation of safety in Dutch society through various factors","Politie; Police; Value engineering; Safety; Veiligheid; Meeteenheid; Measurement","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Joint Interdisciplinary Project 2022",""
"uuid:8ce3b645-eebb-44b6-8a0a-78fd494332e8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8ce3b645-eebb-44b6-8a0a-78fd494332e8","Perceptions, Politics, and Participation: The role and relevance of public participation in the redevelopment of Gdańsk Shipyard","Korpacka, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This work examines the critical theory of public participation through a case study of the post-shipyard area redevelopment in Gdańsk, Poland, interrogating the relevance of such processes in a context where cultural heritage is crucial, but there is also an urgent need for new development. This centrally located, (post)industrial waterfront has undergone multiple restructuring attempts over the past 30 years. The negotiation between a vision for an integrated inner-city district and commemorating its heritage value as the cradle of the Solidarność (Eng. Solidarity) movement have stood in the way of substantial progress.
The narratives of the stakeholders and participants involved revealed the importance of positioning the most recent consultations in the wider history of public involvement in this area. Examining the latest participatory consultations not in isolation, but rather as a consequence of earlier grassroots initiatives, allows to trace their evolution from bottom-up to top-down. The interviews revealed differences in the meaning behind notions such as heritage, naming, values, and conflicts used by the participants, suggesting these discrepancies can influence dialogue in participation. Finally, the work links the findings back to the critical theory of public participation, using the concepts of crossbenching (Miessen, 2010) and agonism (Mouffe, 1999) to describe the mechanisms found in the case study.","Public Participation; Urban redevelopment; Gdańsk; shipyard; agonism; crossbenching; Post-industrial city; heritage; Spatial justice","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","HPM Honours programme 2023","54.36071767008426, 18.649807268353136"
"uuid:8599f3ce-710a-4ded-986b-932946350bac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8599f3ce-710a-4ded-986b-932946350bac","Sodium Borohydride: A Study of the Effect of Operational Conditions on the Material Characteristics of Salt-like Substances During Bulk Storage","van Eijk, Casper (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Schott, D.L. (mentor); van Benten, M.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Throughout this literature research report, the influence of operational conditions during bulk storage on the mechanical characteristics of various inorganic, crystalline, day-to-day salts has been investigated, in order to make a prediction on the effect of operational conditions on the mechanical characteristics of sodium borohydride. Firstly, an analysis and selection of the various mechanical characteristics has been conducted. Secondly, an analysis of the chemical properties helped to select a list of materials that are chemically similar to sodium borohydride. Thirdly, an effort was made to compare these materials to sodium borohydride using the selected mechanical characteristics. Using the particle sizes, bulk densities and angles of repose, sodium borohydride could to a certain extent be linked to calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate and silicon dioxide. Lastly, an analysis on the effect of operational conditions on the mechanical characteristics of the materials has been conducted. No definitive conclusions could be drawn about the effect of the operational conditions on the mechanical characteristics of sodium borohydride.","Sodium Borohydride; Mechanical Characterisation; Operational conditions; Bulk storage","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Mechanical Engineering | Multi-Machine Engineering","",""
"uuid:d9d0e80e-53ba-4eaf-b13e-bc680de710d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d9d0e80e-53ba-4eaf-b13e-bc680de710d4","Schematization of shear strength: The influence of the schematization of the shear strength on the macro-stability safety assessment","Naaktgeboren, Mariska (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; ARCADIS Nederland; Waterschap Rivierenland)","van den Eijnden, A.P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Water Authority Rivierenland is responsible for periodically assessing the safety of the dike trajectories in the Alblasserwaard region. In 2012, the safety assessment for inner slope macro-stability was performed based on stress dependent design values for the shear strength, based on the cell test
collection of the Water Authority. The most recent assessment on the inner slope macro-stability of the Lekdijk has shown a significant deviation from the previous assessment. According to these results, large scale reinforcement works are requested. Before starting any additional soil investigation, the water authority is interested in investigating the sensitivity of the schematization of the shear strength. The transition from the cell test collection to the triaxial and direct simple shear test collection, and therefore the transition from using the Mohr-Coulomb calculation model to the SHANSEP formulation, is expected to have the most impact on the outcome of the macro-stability safety assessment. The influence of the two test collections on the macro-stability safety assessment is analyzed by using a D-Geo-Stability model from the previous safety assessment for one cross-section of the Lekdijk, and transferring the model to D-Stability. The D-Stability model with the cell test collection parameters and the Mohr-Coulomb shear strength calculation model can be adjusted to the triaxial and direct simple shear test collection with SHANSEP shear strength calculation model. The transition from drained to undrained modelling results in a decrease of the shear strength of the soil around the failure surface. Therefore, the transition from the previous to the new test collection has resulted in a lower safety factor in the macro-stability analysis, having a negative impact on the overall macro-stability safety assessment.","Macro-stability","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","",""
"uuid:bb78079d-8546-462d-abb5-c1655869a3ce","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bb78079d-8546-462d-abb5-c1655869a3ce","Preliminary Assessment of the Behaviour of Temporary Flood Barriers in Floods","Chan, Kou Wai (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering; TU Delft Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk; Flood Proof Holland - VPdelta)","Wüthrich, Davide (mentor); Moll, J.R. (graduation committee); Rutten, M.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Due to an extraordinary precipitation event in July 2021, the Dutch government want to utilise the temporary flood barriers to reduce the impact caused by a flash flood event in the future. As a result, Water Board Limburg, Flood Proof Holland and Delft University of Technology made an agreement to conduct a physical experiment in Roermond on May 2023 to test the functionality of the temporary flood barriers in different spatial conditions.
This report aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the temporary flood barriers and their performance in spatial variability before the experiment. To achieve this, available information on various barriers has been summarised to make a valid argument for the comparison of different barriers.
The first part of this report provides an overview of worldwide available barriers with their corresponding physical concepts explained, while more detailed information is given on those tested in Flood Proof Holland. The report then presents a theoretical hypothesis based on the calculation of the resisting force of the barriers. The findings reveal that most of the tested barriers can withstand a water level of 50 cm on asphalt, concrete, sand, and grass. However, BoxBarrier and BoxWall(Waterschot) show exceptions when subpressure is taken into account.
The report also includes a comprehensive outline of a physical experiment that will be conducted in May 2023, which provides a detailed description of the experiment, as well as preliminary assessment criteria. These criteria include logistics, failure mechanisms, spatial conditions, and additional requirements from the water board, and will be used to assess the performance of the temporary flood barriers. Additionally, an ideal monitoring plan utilising video camera, tracer fluid, and RBR-Diver has been proposed for the experiment.
Lastly, the report features a discussion of a preliminary test conducted on February 15th 2023 in Flood Proof Holland, to evaluate the effectiveness of the designed monitoring approach. The test proved that the proposed monitoring plan was successful and emphasised the significance of proper equipment inspection, anchoring, and quality control of materials for the temporary flood barriers.
The NMCAs (National Mapping and Cadastral Agencies) of European countries have different cadastral survey accuracy standards (European Global Navigation Satellite Systems Agency, 2019). In order to meet these standards, the appropriate equipment and services should be determined. The augmentation service Galileo High Accuracy Service (HAS), that is planned for 2022, will provide high accuracy Precise Point Positioning (PPP) corrections. Unlike other high-accuracy services, the Galileo HAS will be free of charge and available worldwide, without the need to be close to a base station or to a dedicated provider network. The PPP corrections will be provided through the Galileo signal as well as through the Internet (EUSPA, 2021). Because of the potential of the Galileo HAS, for the Synthesis Project we want to get insight in the accuracy of the augmentation service. Since a big share of cadastral surveys is performed in the built environment, we also want to determine the accuracy in an urban canyon. With the found accuracy, we can possibly judge whether Galileo HAS is suitable for cadastral surveys in the Netherlands, by comparing the measured accuracy to cadastral survey accuracy standards of the Dutch Kadaster.
As a final conclusion for this project, Galileo HAS is still a technique under development and the PPP-based correction methods are currently not as accurate as the RTK-based ones. Galileo HAS will present in the future ways to correct these errors.","Galileo; Satellite; Constellation; cadastre; Land surveying; Visibility Analysis; GNSS; Accuracy; Availability","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2022",""
"uuid:a63c4253-1c72-4a27-8c50-365d9c5c95ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a63c4253-1c72-4a27-8c50-365d9c5c95ec","Almere Pampus - A timber city steering towards a nature-inclusive urbanism","Druschke, Luis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Muñoz Sanz, V. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Cities are constructed with extractive, finite resources that put enormous pressure on global climatic conditions. The building and construction sector is responsible for 36 percent of the global energy demand and 37 percent of the carbon dioxide emissions worldwide. With the prospect of massive urbanization, the built environment will fundamentally contribute to a spike in global carbon dioxide emissions. This paper investigates an alternative: It researches the potential of turning cities into carbon sinks with emphasis on the reduction of embodied carbon dioxide emissions of cross-laminated timber. Localizing the supply chain and bridging the gap between urban planning and timber production allows the investigation of synergies between the forest and the city. This research tackles the dilemma of accelerated urbanization while decreasing C02 emissions in a research-by-design approach with a city development project as a case-study. The proposed transition from the commodification of timber to the holistic benefits of trees results in an integrative design of ecologic processes and urban dynamics. This paper suggests a framework to offset the embodied carbon dioxide emissions of cross-laminated timber by transcending the nature city dichotomy.","Cross-laminated timber; embodied carbon; carbon sink; urban forests","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:f173b38c-7aae-4b30-b303-4df989e150f9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f173b38c-7aae-4b30-b303-4df989e150f9","An evaluation of methods and assumptions used in potential flow modelling of swirl recovery vanes","Sarıgöl, Barkin (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Eitelberg, G. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Various potential flow methods with different assumptions are available to quantify the efficiency increase and thrust provided by a swirl recovery vane (SRV). In this paper, thrust coefficients and efficiency results obtained by different potential flow methods for the same SRV geometry at different advance ratios are presented. The methods include two VLM and four lifting line (LL) models with different assumptions. The models are compared in terms of accuracy with respect to RANS results and computational cost. This makes it possible to evaluate the benefits and drawbacks of neglecting or accounting for the presence of certain effects and modelling choices. The effects taken into account or deliberately neglected in different models include; finite propeller-SRV distance, nacelle presence, wake and free stream nonalignment, flow interaction between vane blades, the Kutta condition and SRV sweep. The wake angle behind the SRV is also varied and its effect on thrust coefficient is observed. In conclusion, accounting for the presence of a nacelle and finite slipstream distance respectively leads to 7.28% and 16.39% improvement in accuracy of the SRV thrust coefficient with negligible increase in CPU time. Not aligning the SRV wake with free stream direction has little impact on the computed thrust coefficient but causes the CPU time to increase steeply. Using a VLM based model rather a LL model and modelling vane interaction significantly increases CPU time whilst yielding the highest improvements in thrust coefficient accuracy (25.43% and 35.16%).","Swirl Recovery Vane; SRV; VLM; vortex lattice method; lifting line; Stator vanes; potential flow; swirl recovery","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","",""
"uuid:68a35835-d163-4cec-9f3e-1aaeeee500b4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68a35835-d163-4cec-9f3e-1aaeeee500b4","The power of city branding: Exploring the relationship between Rotterdam’s branding efforts and the gentrification of Katendrecht since the 1970s","Mayer, Annika (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between city branding and gentrification, in order to critically evaluate the city branding ambitions integrated into cities’ policies worldwide. A case study of Rotterdam's central neighbourhood, Katendrecht, is used to investigate this relationship through a historical analysis of the area's development and the evolution of the Rotterdam City Brand. Although Katendrecht has undergone Urban renewal and Restructuring over past 50 years, it also faced socio-economic challenges that required the engagement of the community. In the early stages of development, residents fought to eliminate prostitution and decriminalize the neighbourhood. However, recent developments show an influx of developers and investors pushing gentrification processes due to Katendrecht's enhanced reputation, which was achieved through a marketing campaign in 2004.","AR2A011; Gentrification; City Branding","en","student report","","","","","","","","2023-04-27","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","51.9008921,4.4813723"
"uuid:7250477b-5f71-42d5-8536-bafbd7bcc6e5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7250477b-5f71-42d5-8536-bafbd7bcc6e5","The relationship between Bill Bensley's Resorts and Disneyland","Mathers, Isabel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis explores the relationship between the creation of escapism in Disneyland’s theme parks and Bill Bensley’s Capella Ubud and JW Marriot Phu Quoc hotels. Hotels are frequently the first place experienced upon arrival in an unfamiliar setting, and due to the transportive, experiential quality of their architecture, they can greatly influence how visitors perceive the traditions and atmosphere of these locations. To generate a sense of place and avoid bland interiors, Bensley creates rich backstories for these hotels which informs their design and enriches the guest experience. In this way, this thesis sees parallels between his hotels and Disneyland. Using analysis of hotel imagery and descriptive texts, this thesis outlines how Bensley has used similar techniques to create this sense of escapism throughout his career.
Disneyland’s visitors are able to substitute real-world experiences with those in the park (e.g. a riverboat safari), as they are perceived to embody the essence of reality, so form hyperreality However, ultimately visitors are always aware that the park is fabricated fantasy. This is where Bensley’s hotels differ from Disneyland. By grounding the hotels in site-specificity and authenticity, many visitors believe his hotels to embody the local vernacular, and to be truthful depictions of history, and thus they are more influential on visitor perceptions. Thus, this thesis uses analysis of guest reviews, travel articles and hotel photographs to demonstrate how his designs can lead to misunderstandings about local culture. Working within the framework of heritage, orientalism, and colonialism discussions, the thesis utilises critical discourse analysis to examine whether the image resulting from Bensley’s design choices perpetuates stereotypes whilst achieving escapism. Bensley’s work is particularly pertinent in this discussion as his maximalist, theatrical approach makes the celebration of surrounding heritage explicit. His work exaggerates the placemaking strategies commonplace throughout South-East Asian hotels, and so it can be used to exemplify more widespread trends in hotel design.","AR2A011; Disneyland; escapism; hotel; hyperreality; guest reviews","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:e1cc7094-9d4f-41b1-8a3d-bb68cf7a6fae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e1cc7094-9d4f-41b1-8a3d-bb68cf7a6fae","Back to the Commons: Introducing Regenerative Agricultural Networks in Northwestern Europe","Shekar, Kirthan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Nguyen, Nancy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van der Steen, Raven (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Saridou, Stefania (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hoogland, Willemijn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Katsikis, N. (mentor); Viseu Cardoso, Rodrigo (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","For the last decades, technologies, new agricultural trade policies, environmental restrictions, high pressure through economic competition in combination with a sharp competition of land lead to the development of intensive farming. As a result, patchy landscapes have been replaced by monofunctional, homogeneous agricultural landscapes that fragment natural landscapes and take away natural and cultural diversity. The consequences of the processes of fragmentation and homogenization are both socio-economic and landscape-ecological and cause biodiversity loss and social injustice among farmers.
Through changing existing paradigms about nature conservation, this project suggests an alternative approach for understanding possible interrelations between nature and agricultural practices. By reintroducing concepts about commons, a synergy can be found that compliments natural connectivity and agricultural landscapes through the establishment of a regenerative agro-ecological network that connects biotopes in a multi-functional way using current agricultural parcels and natural zones. This newly introduced Common Ground network produces a new farming method in which agricultural practice has a temporal character and is a continuous modifiable process. In this way, the vision makes use of the dual crisis as a solution rather than seeing it as the source of the problems.
The Commons also resemble a new way of practising agriculture, in which land, knowledge, resources and financial risks are shared among farmers in a socially just way. In addition, these shared landscapes reflect on the social context in which farmers are considered as environmental stewards who share some of the responsibility for an ecologically balanced system.
However, there are several challenges within this energy transition. Renewable energy sources require better spatial planning in terms of land-use. Its production and the stability of energy systems require reliable and resilient geopolitical relationships. It is also a challenge to ensure affordability and accessibility of renewable energy, as well as the acceptance of the transition towards renewables. We have to tackle all these challenges while involving nature as an actor.
We aim to achieve a just and resilient energy transition by 2050. This means creating secured geopolitical relationships, ensuring affordable, accessible and fair distributed energy and regenerating ecology in the process. These goals are divided into three main pillars: Geopolitics, Social aspects and Ecology. With circular economy as one of our theoretic frameworks combined with our pillars, we create a conceptual framework. In this report we made use of other theoretic frameworks like resilience, spatial and social justice, the pattern language and panarchy theory.
Spatial analysis and literature research have concluded in several strategies to ensure a just and resilient energy transition. We zoomed into the region of and between Rotterdam and Ruhr-area. On this scale we determined areas of specialised and generalised production; inter-connection of energy production landscape and expanded protected nature areas; mixed land-use of energy production, agriculture, the urban fabric and natural areas. On a local scale we explained two different systems of rural decentralised energy systems with a bottom-up approach.
The ‘Power of justice’ aims for a future that is resilient and just because of strong geopolitical relationships and an improved energy grid. We not only consider present life but also the future of human and non-human generations.
There is an urgency to act in the upcoming seven years to remain below the 1,5 degree global temperature rise. Aside from reducing CO2 emissions in long-term processes, carbon capturing is crucial to achieve short-term ambitions. Therefore, this study investigates the implementation of (nature-based) carbon sinks strategies, using water(bodies) as a tool, in North-West Europe..
This report fills the gap of knowledge on how to implement water-based decarbonization through spatial interventions in North-West Europe.
Firstly, the technical aspects of water-based decarbonization are studied by reviewing existing literature, providing the required spatial conditions for the implementation of water-related carbon sinks. The historical and current conditions in North-West Europe are mapped and analysed. Comparing these results, an evidence-based selection of feasible intervention areas are determined.
Our analysis shows that the EuroDelta is the strategic location for the spatial vision for North-West Europe. There is a need for a paradigm shift to restore the self-sustaining system of the Delta, demanding Nature Based Solutions. Wetland restoration is the most efficient, low cost approach of climate change mitigation as the free, well-functioning services of these carbon sinks naturally make way for long-term restoration of the natural balance and societal well-being. They should be restored in original historical sites and the Dutch Delta is suitable. Therefore bottom-up approaches are required in global visions as wetlands restoration is context-specific.
We conclude that de Krimpenerwaard polder and the Port of Rotterdam are effective, feasible, and inclusive solutions to tackle both climate change and societal challenges while providing long-term water-resilience and livability through all scales. Agricultural sectors will shift to sustainable farming and (port-)industries are held accountable for their emission. A limitation is the disregard on the emission of methane which in further research should be taken into account.
The goal of the report is to showcase a transition from the current agricultural food system into a just and sustainable one. Essential to achieve this goal is to look at different parts of the agricultural chain. The strategy inducing this transition includes new policies, technologies, knowledge and practices that reduce the nitrogen emissions. Through policies and projects some components will be phased out while others are simultaneously accelerated to activate the transition. Based on environmental attributes, different options are offered to guide farmers to proactively switch to more sustainable forms of agriculture. At the same time, consumers and distribution companies, guided by all levels of government, move to shorter chains to support sustainable farmers. To demonstrate the strategy on a local scale, three areas within the province of South Holland have been selected as a case study. By implementing a multi-scaled and holistic approach on the agricultural food system, engaging stakeholders on different levels, the project has the potential to serve as a blueprint for creating a just and sustainable food system that no longer causes nitrogen pollution.
We aim to design a sustainable food production system that is based on three pillars: nature-based, community-based and production for need. We analysed the current system through fieldwork, data analyses and literature reviews.
The concept of the circular economy formed our basis for a vision of an open adaptive system for the food production system. It includes concepts of circularity from the production on the fields, towards the re-valuing and re-purposing of household and industrial by-products. For each of the production steps we have developed a toolbox of innovations, which are integrated following the local context. New ways of production are incorporated in the farming process; management techniques, which reduce CO₂, are implemented in the processing phase; new marketing strategies are applied in retail; in the consumption phase mindset is changed to accept alternative products and meal planning. In terms of disposal, waste is reduced by reusing it as an input for other processes. Lastly, carbon sequestration is improved by recovering and increasing natural areas, leading to an increase in biodiversity and soil health.
This toolbox is implemented as a strategy in the region of South Holland to illustrate the spatial, social, and economic impacts of the new food production system. The circular concept ensures an approachable transition from linear to circular food production systems in North-West Europe. Therefore, it can be used to inform international cooperations, national and regional governments in making policies, and to provide an overview of the spatial implications of this transition on the national, regional, and local scale. Overall, it is a radical shift towards renewable energy sources, incorporating by-products as inputs and using and producing food products with a smaller CO₂ footprint.
The transport systems of major European cities have played a vital role in their economic and urban development, forming networks that facilitate the flow of energy, people, and goods. Lille, located near the French-Belgian border, has two stations from different railway eras: Lille-Flandres (since 1846) and Lille-Europe (since 1990). The transformation of these stations has been driven by capacity demands and the need to adapt to rapid growth and limited space. Lille-Europe, in particular, has acted as a catalyst for the city’s economic transformation from a secondary to a tertiary sector.
The architecture of the station areas reflects the interplay between local and global contexts, with Lille-Flandres embodying a fusion of Flemish, French, and Parisian styles, while Lille-Europe represents a modern and cross-border vision. This architectural evolution sparks a debate between preserving local identity and embracing universal design principles. The station areas serve as a visual expression of Lille’s dynamic evolution and the changing nature of transportation systems.","Euralille; Railway; Land-use; Node; Place","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:6712c4bb-a77d-493f-9104-86ba6fb43203","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6712c4bb-a77d-493f-9104-86ba6fb43203","Reviving rivers: Regenerative decontamination design for industries in the N.W.E DELTA region","CHEN, JINGYI (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hulst, Jorian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Lun, Lieke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Lurling, Niek (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Nouwens, Wouter (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Hausleitner, B. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Although the industrial release of pollutant substances into North West European river delta has been decreasing over the last decades, The Netherlands still has one of the worst water qualities in Europe. In this strategic regional design we aim to improve the quality, quantity and distribution of water through the concept of sustainable land use. Industrial waste, waste water and increasing demand for land are the main pressures on our river water system. Considering the future risk of flood and drought there is also a big insecurity about our water quantity. There will be a need for more space and fair use of our water system. The goal is to restore the water quality in the North West European river delta and secure a sufficient water quantity for future use, flood protection and a fair distribution of the water available. In this report research by design is used to develop a spatial vision and spatial strategy that will create spatial water justice and with that a healthy river landscape. There are three themes related to spatial water justice: water quantity, quality and distribution. To meet sufficient standards for these three themes there are three important concepts: a circular industrial water system, decontamination and room for the rivers. All of them deal with the broader concept of sustainable land use. Sustainable land use is the fair and balanced distribution of land and environmental resources. This report shows a regenerative decontamination design for the North West European river delta. It is the development of a catalog of interventions that can be used in the whole river basin. Many small changes make a big difference in an interconnected system like a river basin. Every small intervention that will help clean the water, adds to the whole system and changes the whole system into a healthy and just river landscape. Together with this catalog there is a manual where the interventions are connected to spatial qualities of a specific location. The catalog and manual have been implemented for the case of South - Holland / Rivierenland. This example shows how we assure a sufficient water quality, quantity and fair distribution of water in a long-term perspective in the North West European Delta region.","Spatial water justice; Decontamination; Circular water system; Sustainable land use; Flood prevention","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis","51.99740522, 4.68689896"
"uuid:9819ada3-7461-4a05-a356-4e7ab65763d0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9819ada3-7461-4a05-a356-4e7ab65763d0","The Fresh Rhine: A strategy for a clean and consistent water flow in a resilient Rhine River basin","Vince, Vera (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jansen Venneboer, Maaike (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wolfert, Sandra (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jiang, Yuqian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wandl, Alex (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The global water crisis could 'spiral out of control' due to overconsumption, pollution, and climate change. Building resilient freshwater systems is one of the most significant challenges in the face of climate change.
The Rhine River basin is home to over 60 million people. It's a center for trade, industry, and food production. However, the region's complex ecosystem is currently under threat from direct and indirect consequences of human activity. The ecosystems and habitats are disappearing, and pollution is still present in the water due to untreated sewage, industrial waste, and agricultural runoff. The growing population and increasing industrial demand for water use are putting a significant strain on the freshwater flow and supply, while droughts and floods further exacerbate the issue. This has resulted in the depletion of the quality of freshwater, creating further environmental risks..
The goal is to create an integrative and resilient Rhine River basin, with a special focus on the South Holland delta, which enhances the well-being of citizens, improves biodiversity, and ensures climate justice through the preservation of freshwater.
To achieve this, our vision for the Fresh Rhine employs a range of theories and methods such as resilience, sustainability, and nature-based solutions. They are applied in four critical locations: Lake Constance as the main water reservoir of the system; the area around the city of Kaub, a ""blocked artery"" of the river, especially sensitive to droughts; the Ruhr area, the main industrial center and pollutor of the region; and finally - the South Holland delta, where all these different conditions come together and meet the sea, another big threat to freshwater. The strategy focuses on renaturing the shorelines, reintroducing wetlands, and creating networks of wetland biotopes, as well as employing innovative ways of water reuse in agriculture, industries, and cities.
This will require collaboration between stakeholders, including government, private companies, civil society groups, and local communities. Ultimately, the project envisions a future where the Rhine River basin and the delta are leaders in sustainable water management, and a model for other regions facing similar challenges.
The implications of our strategy can extend beyond just the Rhine River basin. We aim to provide a more integrative approach to regional strategies for freshwater management in rivers that span across borders. The outcome of this project can be built upon for other regions facing similar challenges and provide a roadmap for creating resilient freshwater systems.","freshwater; Rhine River; water cycle; water pollution; Water scarcity; flood measures; integrative resilience","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis","51.977282, 4.092591"
"uuid:c835cef9-b877-4b92-baf1-8a32f5a6db6a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c835cef9-b877-4b92-baf1-8a32f5a6db6a","Trajecting Territories: A Spatial Reconfiguration towards Multipurpose Foodscapes","Agarwal, Divya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Braz Del Giglio, Denise (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); ter Brugge, Germaine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Novajra, Lorenzo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Smithuis, Feike (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Höller, L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With an average cheese production of 947 mln kg/year, the dairy industry (in the Netherlands) is responsible for 6.3 % of agricultural/dairy/commodity greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Northwestern (NW) Europe. This report brings the production of dairy and its effects on the spatiotemporal and environmental footprints. By performing a material analysis flow of an everyday consumption product-cheese, a by-product from the milk produced by cattle raised on the vast flat pasture lands in the Netherlands, we determine its harmful role in GHG emissions. Using a mixed-method approach, this study combines qualitative and quantitative analysis methodologies, extensive literature reviews, group discussions, available QGIS datasets, farmers sharing their experiences and knowledge on YouTube channels, case studies and a stakeholder interview. This led us to the formulation of a sustainable polyculture agriculture catalogue and toolbox where the dairy sector shifts from a core polluter and extractor role to a regenerative one. A future for farming is formulated where healthy soil is at the core of agricultural thinking. We outline a cow reduction spectrum resulting in opportunities for NW Europe leading to ecological improvements of the soil. Applying this toolbox to the South-Holland scale led to a multipurpose foodscape using an Integrated Crop-Livestock System (ICLS), where cows play the primary role of fertilisers of the land and secondarily, the role of milk producers. In conclusion, the research proves that the adoption of ICLS can significantly reduce GHG emissions in dairy production territories and optimise the existing land use. Implementing this system requires a shift in mindset and has significant implications for the dairy industry, policymakers and society at large. The strategy and action plan in this research seeks to inform policymakers, urban planners and other stakeholders in the dairy farming industry on how to transition towards a more regenerative and sustainable system that benefits the environment, society and the economy in the long duree. It suggests a socially just transition to the groups of farmers via a symbiotic approach.
The studies in this report discusses a multiscalar strategy that focuses on farmers cooperating, upscaling of regenerative farming practices, crop-livestock rotation and localizing waste and resource loops. This transformation of the farming practice is grounded by the government establishing policies and defining green corridors and natural structures that connect natura 2000 areas. This will set the ground for farmers to join the provided pattern game. In the strategy a pilot project, De Kooi, will be used to convince farmers the transition is beneficial.
Considering the profession's vast environmental, social, and economic impacts, a balance between preserving nature and progressive dairy farming techniques is established by providing farmers with a vision for their future while giving biodiversity space to thrive.","missing link; dairy farming; regenerative practices; cooperation; nitrogen crisis; green corridors; biodiversity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:aefbd558-6506-434b-8667-4510e35db214","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aefbd558-6506-434b-8667-4510e35db214","Gazing Station: Hierarchy and Surveillance in Amsterdam’s Former Post Office","Asadi, Sepehr (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","AR2A011; Stationspostgebouw; Districtpostkantoor; Surveillance in architecture; Hierarchy in architecture; Panopticon; Piet Elling; Benjamin Merkelbach","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:31330469-9081-4f59-a36f-153a79b0ed98","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:31330469-9081-4f59-a36f-153a79b0ed98","Summaries of re-constituted history: Tracing the continuities in Modern Restoration","Ray, Snigdha (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Old Pinakothek, with its progressive concept, became a model for many 19th -century museums. Completed in 1846, by Leo von Klenze, the structure was severely damaged post-war. Its first restoration plans included a complete tear-down and a new master plan. Hans Döllgast fought for its preservation and state of history, adding a method of plain textured exposed brickwork as a commitment to the present, consequently giving rise to a new perspective of ruin conservation. Creative approaches of re-constitution that involve analyzing a monumental space and its history with a focus on reconstruction that is strategic, have brought a shift in the way one can approach architecture since the 1890s. The unconventional philosophy and strategic craftsmanship serve as an inventory of practices that have inspired architecture in Berlin and across Europe today.
Keywords: Modern restoration, Creative re-building, Analytical futures, Alte Pinakothek, Repair, Craftsmanship
This architectural history thesis aims to explore the design of the Nirwana-flat in the socio-historical context during the 1920s and 1930s in the Netherlands. The research has been based on archival sources such as media publications, magazine articles, architecture magazines from the time of construction and after the construction of the Nirwana-flat, and the plans at the Duiker Archive. The thesis firstly explores the typology of the residential hotel in The Hague, then the Nirwana-flat (1925-1929), to finally address the media coverage of the Nirwana-flat once built.
Finally, it concludes that in the first decades of the 20th century, the concept of residential hotels and their application has been the subject of debate and differing opinions. This included population density, urban planning, and balancing private space and communal living. As a result, the debate continued to shape discussions around housing policies and urban planning in The Hague and beyond.
All in all, the (hi)stories around the Nirwana-flat prove its important socio-historical significance for the development of housing architecture.
It revisits Pont’s most influential but scarcely examined publication ‘Javaansche Architectuur’ and examines the way he practices the ideas proposed in it, in his own work. It finds that Pont demonstrates a critical awareness of the way in which the hierarchies of power affect representation in a colonial environment, but that he does not criticise the existence of these hierarchies themselves. Instead, he relies on common rationalisations and justifications, rooted in social evolutionism, paternalism, and racism. It notes that the historiography on Maclaine Pont has chosen to omit his more problematic views, in favour of a more sympathetic characterisation which presents him as a protector of the Javanese tradition.","ARCHITECTURE; Colonialism; Representation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:7f2a8ef8-c37a-4399-92d0-1ae213f03db2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7f2a8ef8-c37a-4399-92d0-1ae213f03db2","A Changing Mathenesserweg: Research on the effects of gentrification in Rotterdam and specifically on the Mathenesserweg.","Rodenburg, Jilles (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis investigates both the status of gentrification on the Mathenesserweg in Rotterdam, as well as the lived experience of gentrification within the street’s inhabitants. Over the last few years, the street has been changing, both in the demographic makeup of the street and in the structuring of the houses. To get an idea about how the inhabitants of the Mathenesserweg feel about these changes, and to know more about the effects and facets of gentrification, this thesis incorporates literature on the processes of gentrification, municipal plans for the city of Rotterdam and a survey done with the inhabitants. Generally, gentrification displaces lower-class inhabitants by making the area more suitable for middle-class residents. Through time the government's involvement in the gentrification processes has increased. Gentrification is recognisable in three phases, with the first one being the increase of young and artistic people moving into the area. The second wave shows an increase in middle-class inhabitants moving in, changing the businesses and environment to fit their needs. In the third wave, exclusive establishments open up to facilitate the new upper-class inhabitants. The Rotterdam municipality uses gentrification as a tool to decrease the number of lower-class inhabitants in its neighbourhoods and to heighten its competitive position internationally. Mathenesserweg and the surrounding neighbourhoods are part of municipal-led gentrification areas in Rotterdam. Following the results from the survey, the inhabitants of the Mathenesserweg seem to be quite positive about the changes happening on their street. The inhabitants consider the large number of student inhabitants that have been moving into their street as the biggest disturbance. Not in line with the statistics of the Mathenesserweg, Turkish and Moroccan migrants, who make up a large percentage of the inhabitants and are the most vulnerable to gentrification effects and policies, did not participate in the survey. A reason for this might be because of the chosen method of study or method of gathering participants. In further studies, other means of gathering the experiences of inhabitants can be applied. When looking at the research it can be said that the Mathenesserweg is showing signs that it is moving from the first phase of gentrification into the second phase.","AR2A011; Gentrification; Rotterdam; Social class","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:0dbba4e6-1a5b-42ed-9f8c-54cfe34108f5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0dbba4e6-1a5b-42ed-9f8c-54cfe34108f5","An introduction of diversity on isochrones, a look at the effect of the Tel Aviv light rail","Bianco, Coby (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The construction of a light rail system in Tel Aviv has the potential to impact commuting patterns and accessibility of amenities. This study develops a method to assess the impact of the light rail system on urban diversity, using isochrones generated from public transportation and walking networks. Diversity maps were created for the existing and future situations, measuring the diversity of amenities within isochrones. Preliminary results show a slight increase in diversity along the light rail route, but further improvements to the classification system and validation are needed. The findings have implications for urban planning and transportation policy. Future research can focus on refining the method, incorporating additional data sources, and evaluating the light rail system’s effects on urban diversity.","AR2A011; Diversity map; Isochrone","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","32.0853,34.7818"
"uuid:d9d9457f-9a04-40bb-87cc-0e8f61a3e59c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d9d9457f-9a04-40bb-87cc-0e8f61a3e59c","Double rebuilding: Retrieving the identity in post-war reconstruction of Main Town Gdańsk","Kurzacz, Klaudia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","As a result of the war, the city center of Gdańsk was almost destroyed. The degree of its destruction was estimated at nearly 90%. With the war’s end, a new stage in the history of Gdańsk began. New inhabitants appeared; some came from other regions of former Poland, e.g., Vilnius and Lviv. It is hard to imagine, but the decision to rebuild the city in its historical shape was not evident. Eventually, the authorities of the time were persuaded to this concept. The impact of economic, political, and social changes was significant in rebuilding the city physically and in terms of Polish identity. The reconstruction became a source of actual, and not merely propaganda, pride for multiple generations of Gdańsk citizens, and therefore also one of the significant aspects in the crystallization of local identity in the post-war decades.","AR2A011; Gdańsk; Post-war reconstruction","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b9643094-c1b0-4911-bbf2-de4754995a9f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b9643094-c1b0-4911-bbf2-de4754995a9f","Interfering in Moretti's calculations: A thesis about the impact and relation of creative interference on the mathematical equations of Luigi Moretti","Punte, Tom (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With every second going by, another operation is automated. Even occurring in the field of architecture, mostly through parametric design, writing of computational scripts and mathematics. The latter being one of the first methodologies to be used for automating the process of designing. One of its pre-computer era pioneers, Luigi Walter Moretti (1907-1973), wrote extensively about parametric design and defined it as a new architecture that emerges through the rigorous use of mathematics, operational research and computation design. In 1960 at the Twelfth Milan Triennial Moretti presented a stadium design, which was completely constructed from mathematical equations. While Moretti advocated much for the automation and usage of mathematics, his written work on diverging from them is sparse. Even though creative interventions in a rigorous organisation are pivotal design elements. I would even argue that breaking or diverging a self-imposed set of rules, like equations, from time to time is vital for good architecture. Therefore, the rigorous methodology of Moretti can be questioned if the mathematical equations even allow these kinds of interventions and changes.
The impact and relation of creative interventions on the mathematical equations from Luigi Moretti’s Stadium are questioned, by asking the following research question; How does the outcome of the mathematical design of Luigi Moretti’s Stadium and its formulas, presented at the Twelfth Milan Triennial in 1960, respond to creative interference? The examination of Moretti’s views, methodology and football stadium entry for the 1960 Milan Triennial will be used as a point of departure within the first chapter. After the focus of the research will shift to recreating Moretti’s design for the stadium using the same mathematical methodology that he used. With which numerous creative interventions (changing variables, reformulating the equations or breaking the chain of equations) can be made at different stages of the calculation, to create differences in the outcome. The variations will be ordered and analysed as a whole. The results will be significant because they shed new light on the relationship between architectural automation and creative interference.","Creative interference; Parametric architecture; Luigi Walter Moretti; Mathematics; Equations","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8767af20-7156-4a34-b44e-c90564fb734e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8767af20-7156-4a34-b44e-c90564fb734e","Urban Vitality in Waterfront Spaces in the Changmen Area in Suzhou: A Historical Analysis: Reflecting on Water, Street and Building","Song, Sijie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Suzhou, with a unique urban fabric regarding the water-land relation, has been famous as a ‘water city’ in China for centuries. The intertwining of the canal and street systems creates waterfront spaces, which involve waterways, streets and buildings at the same time, forming the typical image of Suzhou. Additionally, throughout history, Suzhou was usually an economically prosperous city, particularly in the 18th century, when it became both the domestic and international trading center. Within the city, the Changmen Area in the northwest corner was once the most representative trading port, where thousands of ships and people were gathering for both commercial and recreational purposes. However, due to the expanding population and fast-paced lifestyle, from the beginning of the 21st century, most of the waterfront spaces in Suzhou as Changmen Area, were turned into pure residential functions, so the problems of waterfront spaces exacerbated, such as the illegal occupation for the sake of accommodating more people and a lifeless vibe in the neighborhood. These problems negatively affected urban vitality, resulting in a completely different scene compared to that in the 18th century.
Therefore, this thesis focuses on the urban vitality of waterfront spaces in Suzhou in general and especially in Changmen Area in the 18th and the 21st centuries. The evaluation is based on three indicators: diversity, accessibility, and social interaction, and each indicator is further reflected on the condition of water and land respectively. Different approaches are used for examining the past and present, with ancient paintings and observations in fieldwork as the main source respectively. Finally, the most influential changes in urban vitality throughout the past three centuries can be concluded, served as a reference for solving existing problems and looking to the future in waterfront spaces in Suzhou.","AR2A011; Urban Vitality; waterfront spaces; Suzhou","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b6954cf4-bf97-4feb-996b-e272c15c3da5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b6954cf4-bf97-4feb-996b-e272c15c3da5","Shifting Perspectives: The Impact of Societal Views, Financial and Political Factors on the Evolution of the Housing for Older Adults in the Netherlands","Koes, Eline (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis examines the evolution of societal views towards older adults and their housing in the Netherlands, and how these views have shaped policies and housing typologies. The study analyses four time periods and explores the societal, economic, and political factors that have influenced the provision of housing for older adults. In this thesis, the case study of De Drie Hoven, a well-received housing complex designed in 1971 for older adults, that eventually closed due to changing policies and needs, highlights the importance of considering the dynamic nature of policies and societal views in designing housing for this population. The thesis concludes that designing housing complexes for older adults is a complex task that requires careful consideration of various factors, including societal views, financing of care, government policies, and the specific needs of the older adults themselves. However, even the most flexible designs may have limitations in meeting the changing needs and demands of older adults, as housing for this population is highly time-specific and dependent on current policies.","AR2A011; Housing for older adults; Hertzberger; De Drie Hoven; Societal views","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3f5bd16f-1204-4461-bf5d-b25e1c735742","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3f5bd16f-1204-4461-bf5d-b25e1c735742","The school's beating heart: Three elementary schools by leading architects around the year 1980","Sterrenburg, Jasper (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Life is an ever-evolving process, over time new ideas are born and offer new possibilities and approaches to handle familiar problems or processes differently. This is also the case for educational buildings and the architectural ideas that they represent, especially in the social and interactive realm.
The school’s beating heart focuses on the central hearts of three elementary school buildings, built around the year 1980, designed by Jan Verhoeven, Herman Hertzberger, and the Architects firm Van den Broek & Bakema. This thesis in particular addresses the way these central hearts evoke social interaction through their architecture and unravels the ideas of the architects on social interaction in the bigger context of educational and architectural thinking during the time the projects were designed. This resulted in the research question that takes a central place in this thesis: What are the ideas of the architects of ‘t Ronde, Apolloschools, and De Schalm on meeting in the schools and how do the school buildings evoke social interaction?
This thesis is structured by exploring the greater context of Dutch education and Western thoughts on the structuralist architectural movement and formulating their main points of focus and concepts. These points are used to analyze the three elementary school buildings in an individual way, which allows the buildings to be compared in an equal way. The thesis concluded by stating that all schools have similar concepts and ideas behind their designs, but that the outcome of the school buildings is largely affected by the organizations that initiated the design and their philosophy on education.","Jan Verhoeven; Van den Broek en Bakema; Herman Hertzberger; Collective; Central heart","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR1A066",""
"uuid:7d670812-81f3-4501-97c1-8f6eae417a01","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7d670812-81f3-4501-97c1-8f6eae417a01","A family’s floorplan: The transformation of the dwelling floorplan according to the family life in the 19th and 20th century","Bruurs, Nikki (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The main question of this thesis is: ‘’What impact did family life in the 19th and 20th centuries have on the floorplan of family homes in the Netherlands?’’ In the 19th century, families lived close together in slums, in which housing conditions were poor. Privacy within the family was far away, as living, cooking, etc. were all done in one shared room. After the Housing Act in 1901, workers’ living conditions were improved through better hygiene and more spacious dwellings, in which, according to families’ needs, each function was given its own space and parents, boys and girls were also given separate bedrooms. In the reconstruction after World War II, on the opposite, dwellings were set back to square one with a more open floorplan, just like the slums, with different functions - such as living and cooking - in one space. This involved only more space and the privacy of family members was better incorporated into the floorplans, through separate bedrooms and more living space.
This thesis describes the changes in earthquake-resistant elements in the residential architecture of the Kathmandu Valley. By highlighting three time periods: the late-Malla Newar architecture, the Rana architecture and the modern architecture of concrete and corrugated sheets. Through the use of literature research, interviews with reseachers and photography, several changes can be seen throughout recent history. The current thinking is: concrete is strong and safe, older houses are weak. This thesis aims to give space for new perspectives in the prevalent discourse on the earthquake-safety of residential architecture of the Kathmandu.
A couple of conclusion can be drawn. Most importantly, the usage of wood inside masonry has drastically dropped to protect the Nepali forests, but this has impacted the strength and flexibility of walls. Traditional materials and techniques have made place for cheap and readily available materials like concrete. This has added to the loss of knowledge about tradtional methods of safeguarding houses against tremors. Moreover, it was concluded that mostly a lack of maintainance made older houses weak, not their constructional quality.","Earthquake Architecture; Nepal; Architecture history; Kathmandu Valley","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","27.700769, 85.300140"
"uuid:f31a6b31-4fda-48bc-8c64-612d9de62ad1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f31a6b31-4fda-48bc-8c64-612d9de62ad1","Super'Dutch': An Independent Result of Globalization or the Product of the Organic Evolution of Dutch Traditional Architecture?: How is the emergence of the SuperDutch movement at the end of the 20th century related to the evolution of Dutch traditional architecture between the 16th and 20th century?","Buia, Ramona (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","SuperDutch is a movement defined in the 1980’s in the Netherlands as the means through which the country was placed back into internatioal discourses, being marked by architectural innovations and the rediscovery of Dutch national identity. At first sight, the buildings of this period appear to be formed upon the foundation of globalization and Neomodernism and not on the organic evolution of Dutch traditional architecture, in contrast to the suggestion that the name Super”Dutch” gives. Hence, this paper investigates the physical and ideological relationship between the Dutch historical architecture and the new development of the SuperDutch to find their common essence. The goal is to find which of the elements of the architecture of the past are still identifiable in the buildings and concepts of the SuperDutch by presenting an overview of the evolution of Dutch traditional architecture from the 16th until the 20th century and its relation to the movement through literature research and a critical analysis on visual media from the period mentioned.
This thesis examines the architectural implications of the religious conversion of the house of worship. To investigate this, first a study will be done on the ar- chitecture of the church during the Byzantine Empire, then a study will be done on architecture of the mosque during the Ottoman Empire. From these results a comparison will be made which will highlight the architectural and aesthetic changes which Hagia Sophia has undergone as a result of the conversion and what effect the conversion has had on the appearance of the building.
Keywords - Hagia Sophia, architectural changes, religion, house of worship, church, mosque, Byzantine Empire, Ottoman Empire","AR2A011; Hagia Sophia; Conversion; Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5a5b9b44-e0d5-4990-ac96-8771c77cc04d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5a5b9b44-e0d5-4990-ac96-8771c77cc04d","Monochromes of Wladyslaw Strzeminski: The development and meaning of Unism","Kaniewski, Szymon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis investigates the practice and theory of Unism, art theory developed by Polish avant- garde painter Władysław Strzemiński and his wife, sculptor and designer Katarzyna Kobro. Artists who initialy worked under the influence of Russian Constructivism and Suprematism of Kazmir Malevich, along with the creation of Unism gained intellectual and artistic independence and a place on the map of global modernism. Despite the connections and exchange of experiences with various environments, Unism appears as a separate, multithreaded phenomenon supported by a meticulously built background of theoretical texts.
The research has been divided into two main parts- “Description” and “Interpretation”, both providing innovative approaches in their categories. “Description” part contains the formal analysis of all known Unist paintings created by Strzemiński, related to the theoretical framework and distributed into subcategories. “Interpretation” part contains smaller chapters in which, based on the theoretical texts of Strzemiński and his close associates, perspectives for interpreting these paintings from various positions (historical, social, political) are formed. The last chapter, “Outcome”, puts results of the investigation in the context of current state of knowledge and research performed by scholars and curators, by critical juxtaposition and comparison.","AR2A011; Painitng; Abstraction; Unism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:cf7da006-de97-442f-93c2-579848e8e090","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf7da006-de97-442f-93c2-579848e8e090","Lens and Will: Sigurd Lewerentz’s way of travel","Dong, Yifan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Throughout architectural history, outstanding architects have often been outstanding travelers. Sigurd Lewerentz, a legendary figure in Swedish modern architecture, is undoubtedly one of them. Lewerentz, who started his independent architectural practice in 1910 and died in 1975, lived during an exciting period that saw the emergence of many revolutionary technologies. Like his fellow modernists, Lewerentz embraced them. But unlike his peers, his passion for new technologies radically extended to his travel - he only used a camera to document things, rather than drawing in sketchbooks. Based on the concept of aura proposed by the German thinker Walter Benjamin, a new perspective to understand Lerwerentz’s photos is proposed. And by reflecting on previous studies of two important sacred buildings designed by Lewerentz, namely the Resurrection Chapel and the Church of St. Peter, this paper presents some alignments between the photographs and the designs, which reveal Lewerentz’s approach to learning from travels.","AR2A011; photography; architect’s travel; Sigurd Lewerentz; architectural design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:851dde70-9687-4321-b875-388d3079ade7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:851dde70-9687-4321-b875-388d3079ade7","Modern architects and their furniture: Case studies of Alvar and Aino Aalto, Charlotte Perriand and Le Corbusier, Charles and Ray Eames, and their furniture designs","Kloosterziel, Anniek (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis contains case studies of architect-duo’s Alvar and Aino Aalto, Charlotte Perriand and Le Corbusier, and Charles and Ray Eames, that will be used to find out why they designed furniture as architects. This will give more explanation on why an architect would or should design furniture. The thesis shows that the architects have approached the choice of designing furniture each in a different way. Alvar and Aino Aalto designed furniture as an inseparable part of their architecture, each piece specifically for a project, creating a Gesamtkunstwerk. Le Corbusier worked together with Charlotte Perriand to design furniture to fit his newest modern architecture to also get to a Gesamtkunstwerk. While Le Corbusier remained more focused on architecture throughout the rest of his career, Charlotte Perriand kept designing furniture as well as architecture. For Charles and Ray Eames architecture soon in their careers became secondary to designing furniture. They produced pieces of furniture unrelated to their few architecture projects. However all of them having different thoughts behind designing furniture, they all do share furniture design as an important and career defining interest.","AR2A011; Modern architects; Furniture; Le Corbusier; Charlotte Perriand; Alvar & Aino Aalto; Charles & Ray Eames","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:4cbb8529-b8d3-4ccd-aae8-82a80db8397e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4cbb8529-b8d3-4ccd-aae8-82a80db8397e","The expansion of the city of Venlo since 1874: Research into the demolition of the bastion fort and the following expansion of the city of Venlo","Göres, Leroy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Deze thesis is geschreven voor het vak AR2A011 Architectural History Thesis als onderdeel van het derde kwartaal van het eerste jaar van de Master Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences aan de TU Delft. De thesis is geschreven over de historische uitbreiding van de stad Venlo nadat haar vesting in 1874 is geslecht. Met dit onderzoek is antwoord gegeven op de vraag: Welke invloed had de sloop van de vestingwerken van Venlo in 1874 op de stadsuitbreiding en onderontwikkelde wijken tot 1918?
Voor dit onderzoek is gebruikgemaakt van literatuuronderzoek die is verkregen door archiefonderzoek in het gemeente Archief van Venlo, het lezen van boeken en het zoeken naar informatie uit wetenschappelijke publicaties op het internet en online archieven. De informatie die is vergaard, bestaat vooral uit teksten, maar ook uit kaarten, brieven en notulen die zijn gevonden tijdens archiefonderzoek.
Uit dit onderzoek is gebleken dat de stad Venlo sinds 1339 een stadsmuur had die door de eeuwen heen meerdere malen is verbeterd en uitgebreid tot een vestingstad (Hermans, Jean, 2012). Deze vesting had op haar hoogtepunt een oppervlakte die duidelijk groter was dan Venlo zelf en de vesting bepaalde het leven van de bewoners van Venlo. Toen de vesting op 29 Mei 1867 werd opgeheven, omdat deze niet meer voor belang van de landsverdediging was, werd er een plan gemaakt voor de Slechting en uitbreiding van Venlo (Finaly, Isja, 1996, p. 94). Dit plan dat is opgesteld door F.W. Van Gendt werd gehinderd door het feit dat veel van de vrijgekomen gronden werden gereserveerd door het Nederlandse leger en Nederlandse Spoorwegen (Isja Finaly, 1996, p. 95), met name in het zuiden en oosten van de stad, wat ervoor zorgde dat deze gereserveerde gronden samen met de Maas een soort hoefijzer van obstakels rond drie kanten van Venlo vormde. De uitbreiding die Van Gendt tekende was vooral aanwezig in het noorden van Venlo en zijn oostelijke en zuidelijke stadplannen waren door de gereserveerde gronden afgesloten van de oude binnenstad. Ook is naar voren gekomen dat Venlo in die tijd geen duidelijke gemeentelijke grondpolitiek voerde, waardoor de geslechte gronden aan particulieren werd verkocht en de gemeente minder grip had op de uitbreidingen (Finaly, Isja, 1996, p. 94). In 1918, ongeveer 50 jaar na de slechting werd er met het plan voor het Rosarium van W.F.C. Schaap een begin gemaakt aan plannen die samen met de gemeente waren en een duidelijk beeld hadden hoe de stad langzaam verbeterd moest worden.
De conclusie is daarom dat door de slechting van de vestingwerken gronden vrijkwamen die door de gunstige locatie van Venlo voor een groot deel gereserveerd werden door het Nederlandse Leger en de Nederlandse Spoorwegen, wat als gevolg had dat F.W. Van Gendt in zijn uitbreidingplan keuzes heeft moeten maken die niet per se ten goede kwamen voor de uitbreiding van Venlo en zo ervoor zorgden dat enkele wijken minder verbonden waren met de oude binnenstad van Venlo en zich zo minder goed konden ontwikkelen.","AR2A011; Venlo,; Stadsuitbreiding; Stedelijke herbestemming; leefomstandigheden; Bastion Fort,","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","51.369642, 6.168863"
"uuid:b19fdc05-9b8a-46bb-8caa-028f4989a20b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b19fdc05-9b8a-46bb-8caa-028f4989a20b","Monolithic comeback: A contemporary examination of Monolithic architecture and relation with uncanny","Vouras, Ilias (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With a starting point of the brutalism return to the foreground of the architecture practice and its positive shift and acknowledgement by users and critics, the essay tries to construct a narrative around the formation of prismatic forms. There is a chance of analysis of a broader group of buildings - works that converge similar traits. This analysis revisits and adds to former essays of this thematic area, which were written in the decade of 1990. The renew aims to indicate fragments that have not presented or have not studied in an adequate degree and also to encapsulate the secrets behind those type of creations.
For the holistic study of the topic the narrative searches manifestations of monolithic structures from history, myths and tales, adding a symbolic background to sociopolitical values. Myths assist unravelling the clew of continuity, urges behind the consistent use of prismatic forms through different time periods. There is a tendency of humans to return to more primitive forms, as they encapsulate meaning, so some architectural forms work more as statements, symbols rather than function and space. Symbolism and Monumentality, aligned with the essence of monolithic architecture, indicate an examination of the feeling of uncanny.
As a dominant factor of Monolithic architecture, uncanny and its effects on human mind and senses are getting into consideration, through the lance of terms as gothic, terror, sublime. Aspects of uncanny will be the core of discovery and definition of monolithic architecture’s characteristics. Traits as darkness, lack of orientation, continuity of form, insecurity are embedded in the design process or created unconsciously. They provide except for morphology, atmospheres that end up in a design identity, a typology of monolithic architecture.
Afterwards a categorization of contemporary examples is discussed, based on their affiliation with exterior and interior form and design. Examples include works of the past two decades, which encapsulate the characteristics of monolithic terminology and differentiation from the previous traits found in bibliography. There is a redefinition of monolithic architecture in contemporary design of past two decades, revealing forms more close to nature and landscape. Alejandro Aravena Center of Innovation of Chile, Ensample’s studios Musical studies center, Olafur Eliasson’s ilusisat Icefjord Park and Peter Zumthor’s Serpentine Pavilion describe new possibilities in design and readjust the atmospheric values brought with the term uncanny. Presentation of examples aims to discover new design tools for architects and designers, accompanied with the understanding and rational behind those creations.
Since 1504 Moldova has been in a decline which led to its occupation under Ottoman rule, which was followed by ruthless oppressions of the state in terms of law, economy and rule. Nevertheless, the harshest oppression was experienced under the Russian occupation. With the treaty of Bucharest in 1812, the territory of Moldova is ruptured in two regions – Basarabia which was ceded to the Russian Empire, and Moldova that stayed under Ottoman occupation for 50 more years. This paper aims to shed light in the transition of vernacular residential architecture from Basarabia under the denationalization policies established by the Russian Empire. This will be followed by a comparative study with the architectural development of the unoccupied region of Moldova. The research question is posed: What are the characteristics of the Moldovan vernacular architecture in Basarabia and how did it change in the 19th century in comparison with the Non-occupied region of Moldova ?
The content of the research starts with a brief text explaining the lay of the land, internal/external factors that influenced Moldovan society, culture and architecture. The historical descriptive chapter is followed by an extensive description on the typical architecture of the residences in rural regions and their building technology. The chapter would subsequently describe the local residential typologies in terms of space and area.
The research further broadens into two chapters explaining the traditional ornamentation and dimensions/structure subsequently. This allows a broader overview into the similarities, identities and differences of the minorities that inhabited the land that is described in the next chapter - Regional and Ethnic characteristics of Moldovan residential vernacular architecture.
To answer the last part of the research question, comparative study is presented in the conclusion chapter of the research, it simultaneously leads to more questions that this research managed to tackle and prospects of study.
The conclusion of this research states that although the local population met little to no interaction between West and East Moldova (Basarabia) their architectural identities stayed the same in terms of components and ornamentics. It is of course important to underline that while the occidental part of Moldova developed further its decorative crafts, the oriental one saw multiple changes due to the new minorities that were forced into the province.
There has been a lot of research into the career of Le Corbusier. The main reason being his big architectural influence through his revolutionary style and modernistic principles. However, the Voiture Minimum has not seen any of the same success and amount of publications. In Contrary to the opinion of Le Corbusier, is it mostly seen as only a small footnote to his career. With this thesis, my goal is to connect his architecture and car design and try to understand how his revolutionary architectural vision influenced his automotive design.
To do this, firstly there is an introduction an explanation on why Le Corbusier was interested in cars, to create a base understanding of his fascination with them. After that his architectural vision will be summarized and compiled using his book “Vers une Architecture”. Then the Voiture Minimum is being introduced, after which the design approach he took for the Voiture Minimum is analysed and compared to his architectural design approach of the time.
After this comparison of Le Corbusier’s architectural vision and his automotive design, many direct similarities have be found. These similarities that have been highlighted by this analysis lead to the conclusion that Le Corbusier’s architectural vision and knowledge directly influenced and guided his automotive design.","AR2A011; Le Corbusier; Voiture Minimum; Architecture; Automotive design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:869d4487-8a65-4d94-a356-c8ae4e96c08c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:869d4487-8a65-4d94-a356-c8ae4e96c08c","Finding meaning in the profane: How libraries can evoke spiritual experiences","Hagen, Anouk (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanovic, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Religion is in decline and spirituality starts to take on a more prominent role instead. Although there are abundant religious spaces, this shift did not cause a development in architecture yet. Libraries have similar qualities to religious spaces, like the sense of community and the feeling of retreat, so it is interesting to research how this typology can support spirituality. The Ets Haim library is the oldest Jewish library in the world and was founded to rediscover the Jewish identity of converted Jews who fled Spain and Portugal. This study aims to dissect the palimpsest of this library for a better understanding of the physical representation of spirituality by answering the question: How does Ets Haim Library support the notion of spirituality? There has been ample of research that addresses the impact of architecture on a transcending experience. Elements like urban context, light, geometry, materials and symbolism stand out as main influences, but it must be mentioned that spirituality is a subjective concept and it cannot be confined to a list of elements or a design manual. After a comprehensive analysis, it became clear that the Ets Haim supports spirituality by immaterial values like history, community and knowledge and material elements like geometry, light, colour and above that the book as a symbol.","AR2A011; spirituality; library; Ets Haim; architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:7a1721b7-67fc-4d74-aa25-d4834c0d9c2d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7a1721b7-67fc-4d74-aa25-d4834c0d9c2d","Time is haptic: Exploring a tactile connection to forgotten histories in Utrecht’s Domplein","Kirby, Grisha (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Current approaches of abstraction and conceptuality in the discourse of memorialisation can be useful to commemorate contemporary events, but the inherent flaws and
shortcomings in the misuse of abstraction are insufficient in the quest of establishing a connection with the distant past. This thesis acts as a call for a different direction for the
crystallisation of memory. By looking beyond contemporary history, we can understand more about our spiritual connection with our ancestors from bygone eras. To aid the
strengthening of our spiritual ties to history I have diagnosed a new spatial typology of memory; the encounter-monument. The encounter-monument is the accidental monument; the fossilised memory; the physical and spiritual encounter with history. The encounter-monument is the scar tissue etched into stone that has survived, morphed and re-moulded over the centuries. The encounter-monument is the relic that we may come across in our day-to-day lives that jolts us back through history. They are the encounter with a stranger’s signature and date in the cover of a book that has been lying in the attic for decades. They are the slowly dissolving names on forgotten gravestones. Encounter-monuments are the sense of histories both recent and distant, passing before our very eyes. They plug us into the timeline of existence. This thesis explores the Domplein in Utrecht as a case study for the ineffective use of abstraction to commemorate its profound history, and through the use of various artistic media, propose a new direction for its focus. Through photographs, plaster casts and frottage drawings, I present a spiritual argument for tactility as a method of commemoration.","AR2A011; Memory; Tactility; Domkerk; Domplein; Utrecht; Abstraction; Memorials","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3bc3c559-5bbc-4aba-9a33-37cf04dc5e2f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3bc3c559-5bbc-4aba-9a33-37cf04dc5e2f","Values and Re-purposing Cultural Heritage","Krijnen, Luuk (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The re-purposing of cultural heritage is becoming more and more prominent. Often, cultural heritage objects hold (great) value, making working with them a difficult task. Therefore, in order to complete these types of projects successfully, a clear overview over what is important has to be present. A way to do this is to document the most important values about the heritage and architecture in general, allowing decisions to be soundly backed. This thesis aims to create a model for this based on a model originating from previous research by answering the following question: to what degree is the model presented by Mazumdar & Mazumdar (1994) applicable to the re-purposing of cultural heritage? First, the connection between societal values and architecture is established, showing clear signs of a relationship between the two. Next, carefully formulated heritage values and legislative documents will be discussed, where the importance of considering the “cultural significance” is explained. Cultural significance can be defined as everything that makes the cultural heritage object in question valuable, ideally defined by both experts and the public. To answer the research question, the original model is tested against the re-purposing and refurbishment of State Library Victoria in Melbourne, revealing that while technically applicable, the original model needs to be expanded for the important values at play when re-purposing cultural heritage to be clearly documented. The term “societal values” is too broad to both describe the cultural significance and general values about architecture. Therefore, cultural significance is introduced in the model, comprised of expert assessment and communal heritage values. This changed model is presented, and allows anyone working on such projects to create a map with a clear overview of the important values.","AR2A011; values; heritage; cultural significance; charter","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:d6e5887b-bb33-4cc3-a132-9598b7fa5832","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d6e5887b-bb33-4cc3-a132-9598b7fa5832","Towards an everyday utopia: The whole earth catalog and architectural practice in American counterculture communes, 1968-1971","Zhang, Xinrui (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis explores the impact of the Whole Earth Catalog on architecture practices in communes during the late 1960s and early 1970s, focusing on the relationship between people and the built environment. By analyzing the Catalog's contents, the real self-build works in communities, and the critiques it received, this study reveals the Catalog's rich heritage for sustainable architecture today, including passive design and the promotion of new energies. In addition, the anthropological approach of the Catalog, which emphasized the connection between architecture and people's daily life, is highlighted as a valuable perspective for architecture today. This study argues that the Catalog's approach provides a framework for seeing architecture as an ongoing process shaped by interactions with other realms, challenging the traditional relationship between designers, users, and architecture. By involving amateur builders and urging an insider perspective, the Catalog's approach could bridge the gap between designers and users and enable a more comprehensive architecture practice.","AR2A011; Commune architecture; Amateur builders; Whole Earth Catalog; Counterculture; Whole system","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:a7f5fbb0-51f8-47b4-ae35-4dc893b8d95e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a7f5fbb0-51f8-47b4-ae35-4dc893b8d95e","Reimagining permanence in architecture: How adaptable and circular design principles can enhance the value and durability of buildings","Stuer, Hanlin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The misguided idea of permanence in architecture has proven to be an illusion (Brand, 1994; Ford, 1997). Present-day solutions such as the adaptive and circular design of buildings strive to enable frequent changes in buildings to satisfy the needs of users in our transient society. However, this challenges the idea of permanence in architecture, a concept that people profoundly believe in (Ford, 1997).
By outlining the new notion of permanence as identified by Katrina Touw (2006) and the principles of adaptable and circular design as identified in recent literature studies (Asker et al., 2021; Hamida et al., 2022). Then establishing a framework which shows the relation between the two topics used to evaluate five case studies. This thesis seeks to identify if the new approach to building design strives to achieve permanence and in what way.
We can conclude that by thinking about the inherent value of the building at its end-of-life whether it be to maintain, reuse, recycle, or repurpose, the stakeholders involved in the design process actively engage in achieving permanence.
through collective mapping. Based on an analysis of historical examples of collaborative cartography, I intend to develop an analytical framework allowing
anybody to contribute to this collection of images and stories of different societies of the world by submitting a space involving a name, a gesture, and a meaning related to a specific culture. The research results in an open-source, collective atlas - a new archive created by collecting contributions based on a questionnaire explaining features of untranslatable spaces necessary to identify them.","AR2A011; History Thesis; Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:be94f131-b1be-4cff-a05c-2996c689c48d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:be94f131-b1be-4cff-a05c-2996c689c48d","The study of development of public-participation in housing practice under changing socio-economic, political and urban environment in Amsterdam, from Dutch Golden Age to contemporary period: AR2A011 Architectural History Thesis (2022/23 Q3)","Sit, Chi Man (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Public-participation in housing practice not only happens with architectural participatory notion, instead it was already exercised differently in the history of Amsterdam according to the governmental urban planning visions. To provide more insight for contemporary participatory practice, instead of interpreting architectural public-participation as an isolated architectural concept, this paper studies public-participation holistically by using both contemporary visions of public-participation and governmental visions of urban planning to re-evaluate the participatory situation in housing practice in the Dutch Golden Age(17th century), post-industrialization period(20th century) and contemporary period(21st century) of Amsterdam. The analytical session evaluates levels of public-participation in both building scale and urban scale in relation to the socio-economic, political and urban planning visions of government in each period, and indicated that public-participation arose in levels of ‘degrees of citizen power’ under the incomplete plan in Dutch Golden Age, ‘non-participation’ in fully controlled plan in post-industrialization period, and ‘degree of tokenism’ under controlled participatory movement in the contemporary period. The discussion session indicates that public-participation was more influenced by governmental planning instead of architectural participatory concepts, and discusses how the governmental visions in each period together led to the current imbalanced and individualized challenges for public-participation in housing practice in Amsterdam. Accordingly, the conclusion questions the role of architects under the current trend of public participation.","Public Participation; Architectue; urban planning; Dutch Golden Age; post-industrialization period; contemporary period","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:117d6846-f551-4a18-a4cc-89d939d6e14b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:117d6846-f551-4a18-a4cc-89d939d6e14b","An attack on India’s Modern Heritage: Demolition of the Hall of Nations, New Delhi","Sen, Amrita (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanovic, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Modernity in India was born as a response to the practical need for infrastructure in the post-independence (1947) period. Locally produced concrete became the primary material for building, displaying India’s self-sufficiency and construction prowess. Local and international architects used concrete by adopting the prevailing global trends of modernist architecture, modified to serve in the context of India.
However, in the present socio-political environment in India, the architecture of the national capital, New Delhi, is being rebranded and transformed by the current government, under the guise of creating a ‘new modern identity’. This exercise, strengthened by legal loopholes and the lack of laws on conservation of contemporary architecture, has put the entire modern movement of India at risk. Several structures, which represented independent India’s socio-cultural identity for decades, now face the imminent threat of demolition.
This paper analyses the unfortunate fate of the Hall of Nations of New Delhi, which was built in 1972 using locally produced concrete and intensive manual labour, a structural marvel of its time. It was imprudently demolished in 2017 to pave the way for a new ‘world class exhibition centre’, erasing the legacy of self-sufficient India by seeking global investments and international designs. A study of the events leading to the demolition reveals the alarming lack of organisation within decision making authorities, and their unwillingness to recognise the importance of modern heritage of the city.","AR2A011; India; Modernity; Demolition; Hall of Nations; Raj Rewal","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8daafc01-f8c8-4726-a971-ba2916702757","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8daafc01-f8c8-4726-a971-ba2916702757","From South to North: Studying the Urban Transformations from Land Reclamation in Wanchai, Hong Kong","Lam, Sharon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Wijk, C.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The purpose of this paper is to study urban and social impacts brought about by land reclamation in Hong Kong since the early 20th century. To do so, this paper focuses on Wanchai, a coastal district in Hong Kong which has experienced dissimilar development in its Northern and Southern parts over a series of expansions into the harbour. This paper contributes to the ongoing debate about land reclamation as a place-making strategy for future growth by highlighting how the developments on new land, directly and indirectly, impact that of old existing communities.","AR2A011; Land reclamation; Hong Kong","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5d7c8421-45b6-492a-8d0d-8e11ae28ea32","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5d7c8421-45b6-492a-8d0d-8e11ae28ea32","The Evolution of Mosque Architecture in Istanbul, Turkey","Canbolat, Zeynep (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The understanding of Architecture History on the evolvement of architecture through generations and cultures is a fundamental tool to gain knowledge about
our past, ourselves and the world around us. The topic that will be touched upon
in this thesis is the architectural evolution of mosques in Istanbul between the last regime of the Ottoman Empire and the Turkish Republic. The aim of the research is to investigate how mosques evolved in Istanbul between the regime of the Ottoman Empire (1839-1922) and that of the Republic of Turkey (1923-2022). Furthermore, the correlation between Ottoman mosques and Post-Ottoman mosques within the research area, and the influence of politics on their development will be analyzed for a better understanding of the mosque architecture in Istanbul. The methodology is a descriptive comparative analysis, supported by photographs and architectural drawings. Additionally, case studies (Ortakoy Mosque (1856), Ertugrul Tekke Mosque (1896), Sisli Mosque (1949) and Marmara İlahiyat Camii (2015)) will be conducted on various architectural scales; urban context, morphology, exterior and interior, and an investigation on the political background of the reigning era. Based on the research it is concluded that the mosque has evolved through mimicking the mosque architecture of the Ottoman Empire, this movement was influenced by the political system of the early Republican era. However, the contemporary mosque does not literally replicate the grandiose mosque of the past. It includes the modern innovations and trends of its time: a modern interpretation of the past glory of the Ottoman architecture.","AR2A011; Ottom Mosques; Post-Ottoman Mosques; mosque architecture; architectural mimicry; Istanbul; Ottoman Empire; Republic of Turkey","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:70fbf486-cd74-4c7f-b19d-9f8d5bde1df0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:70fbf486-cd74-4c7f-b19d-9f8d5bde1df0","The Reuse of Church Buildings: The history and possibilities in the Netherlands and Belgium","Heemskerk, Esmee (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Churches are one of the most important features of the Dutch townscape. They were the cultural hub of the town for a long time. The 20th century marked the start of a societal change: ontkerkelijking. More and more churches are becoming vacant in the Netherlands and Belgium. These buildings can be reused, and the past can help us. The research question is as follows: “How have churches been reused in the past 30 years in the Netherlands and Belgium?”.
This question will be answered by analysing five case studies in the Netherlands and Belgium. First, the history and the new design of the churches will be introduced. Then, a short history of restoration and conservation will be given. The five adaptive reuse approaches, as composed by Plevoets & Van Cleempoel (2019), will be discussed. These approaches will be linked to the case studies. Lastly, a spatial analysis of the case studies will be done. These analyses show that churches with a new social function tend to be designed with a circular approach and have kept more of the spatial qualities of the original church building. However, all case studies have been designed with the history of the building in mind.
In that such events, The Dutch usually used Indonesian architectural forms to showcase their colonial possession and to gain respect from other Western countries. That can be seen from their entries in the colonial exhibition from the end of the 19th century to the early 20th century, where they brought an Indonesian village and built an imitation of a Hindu-javanese temple. But Indonesian influence in Dutch pavilion design not only appeared in the colonial-themed exhibition. Although less noticeable, Indonesian architecture was also often incorporated in an international exhibitions focusing on modern art and technology.
Therefore, This thesis investigates the influence of Indonesian Architecture in the Dutch pavilion at The International Exhibition of Modern Decorative and Industrial Arts, which was held in Paris in 1925. The aim is to give a broader perspective on how the Dutch architects perceived and incorporated Indonesian form in a different context. It responds to the question of why and how Indonesian architectural forms are incorporated in the Dutch pavilion design, starting by tracing back the early connection between the Dutch architects and the Indonesian culture, presenting the exhibition context and the organization around the Dutch entry, and finally analyzing the design aspect of the pavilion from the lens of Indonesian culture.
developments in Europe. Since the advancement of aviation technology in the
20th century, airports have become indispensable infrastructures and emerging urban city nodes. This thesis aims to look into how airport developments affect the transformations of their host cities and neighbouring infrastructures.
Aeiral images reflect that various airports relate with their host cities through different urban patterns and networks. To understand the reason behind such
disparity, six case studies will be conducted and compared: Paris Orly Airport,
Copenhagen Airport, Amsterdam Schiphol Airport, London Heathrow Airport,
Frankfurt Airport and Stockholm Arlanda Airport. These airports are categorised into three types, namely urban, urban periphery and remote. Firstly, historical studies of each case are done individually. Maps of each case are drawn to discover their developments throughout the century. These airport-related developments and their driving forces are compared among airports of the same category as well as different categories.
Acknowledging the unique context of each city and airport, the driving forces and stakeholders behind the morphology of urban, urban periphery and remote airports are revealed towards the end of this paper. The findings conclude some decisive factors for the airport-related development and shed light on the debate of whether the type of airports is the quintessential factor or not.","AR2A011; Airport; Urban Development; Transport Infrastructure; Urban Morphology; post-war planning; Europe; 20th century","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f3761f34-9f3d-4ce5-863e-318cbd2a3469","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f3761f34-9f3d-4ce5-863e-318cbd2a3469","Uncollected Built Memories: Spatial conditions for guest workers in the Netherlands (1940s - 1990s)","van der Laan, Filipa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis contributes to shedding light on the significance of investigating and archiving the housing conditions of guest workers after the Second World War in the Netherlands from the 1940s to the 1990s. It is a topic that has not been sufficiently addressed in architectural and urban studies. The economic boom after the Second World War resulted in a lot of job vacancies, as there were too many jobs for the population at that time. As a result, employers went to look for workers elsewhere. It caused a large influx of migration in the Netherlands, which was mainly motivated by the aspect of temporality, as these guest workers received contracts for two years. The guest workers were housed into two categories, the ‘casa’ housing, and the large-scale collective housing. Both typologies made sure that the guest workers were under strict supervision and isolated in their social and physical environment. Due to the temporality aspect, the housing was poorly built and inflexible for possible future needs of guest workers. The poor living conditions of guest workers led to the formation of independent organisations, such as the Aktiekomitee Pro Gastarbeiders, which was founded in 1969. This organisation defended the housing rights of guest workers. However, it lost its support and subsidies at the beginning of the 1990s. As a result, it led to a weaker position for migrants in society. Sadly, today’s migrants do not have independent organisations to speak out about their problems. The research used to support this argument is done through archival research gathered from the Gelders Archief and Stadsarchief Rotterdam, as well as investigating historical newspapers. The absence of guest workers in the historical narrative of post-war housing in the Netherlands is indicative of a larger issue surrounding housing for current migrants. Collecting the historical documentation of the typology of temporary housing for guest workers is fundamental to understanding the social history of migration in the Netherlands.","AR2A011; Guest workers; Housing; Migrants; Aktiekomitee Pro Gastarbeiders; Nelly Soetens; Casa d'Italia; Kamp Waalhaven","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1dc12ecb-8a05-4efa-b74e-675529e40221","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1dc12ecb-8a05-4efa-b74e-675529e40221","Architects of households: Housewives and reproductive labour's impact on housing design in the 30s in Poland","Strzałkowska, Olga (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Historically, working as a housewife has been highly devalued, underappreciated and even ridiculed. Even today, women assuming domestic work are associated with a caring, motherly figure that provides physical and emotional shelter and creates a home. This housewife stereotype comes from rooted deeply in created by society’s gender norms and assigning to women the role of a “natural caregiver”, intersected by class hierarchy and racial biases. However, as argued by Maria Mies, the housewifisation process is a creation of economical strategies aimed at profit. In XX-century Poland, during the interwar and post-World War II period, women were orientated towards domestic labour, which resulted in preventing them from pursuing a career, including architecture. To become a housewife, women would not only rely on knowledge passed onto them from their mothers. Not only adult women, but even young girls in elementary schools were taking lessons to prepare them for the future role of a housewife, that is educated in the field of home economics, including management, finances, health and even architecture. The paradigms and ideology of scientific management lead to the establishment of Instytut Naukowej Organizacji [Institute of Scientific Management] in 1925 and Związek Pań Domowych [Housewives Association] in 1930, to promote and expand knowledge necessary for effective management of household equally amongst housewives of different experience and background. Based on archival information and documentation gathered from Biblioteka Raczyńskich [Raczyńskich Library] in Poznań, as well as literature review such as the journal Organizacja Gospodarstwa Domowego [Household Management] run by Housewives Association 1927-1939, this history thesis explores the strategies and processes standing behind the process of housewifization in the interwar period in Poland, to analyse the impact of the housewives on housing design between 1927-1935.","AR2A011; housewives; domestic labour; dwelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:e632739e-a08b-489f-b5e3-f36e2a3e8137","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e632739e-a08b-489f-b5e3-f36e2a3e8137","Faking Diversity: Neo-traditionalist Housing in the Netherlands","Oort, Danil (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The increase in neo-traditional style construction in the Dutch housing market has resulted in a preference for this style, with research showing a 15% price premium on average for this type of housing. However, this preference is not shared by most designers and critics, who see neo-traditionalism as a form of regression. Neo-traditional architecture is an attempt to bring back diversity in architecture, which has been lost with the standardization and industrialization of the building process. This paper explores the history of Dutch residential architecture through imitation, repetition, and diversity, and discusses two case studies: Molenvliet, a social housing project with diversity as the core principle, and Brandevoort, a project developed for the market that utilizes the illusion of past greatness to differentiate its products. The paper concludes by arguing that the commodification of the house and focus on housing value over quality is a direct result of the current housing market situation and that political changes are necessary to address this issue.","AR2A011; Neo-traditional; Diversity; Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:52b8cfee-d1cb-408b-b0b3-48c93cac2ea2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:52b8cfee-d1cb-408b-b0b3-48c93cac2ea2","Hermoupolis: A research on the everyday life of the city during the 19th century","Sideri, Eirini (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This history thesis, through the case study of Hermoupolis, the port city of the island of Syros, investigates the spatial imprint of the social functioning of that region during the 19th century. It is an attempt to study the development of the whole city and the evolution of a network, extending beyond its physical boundaries, when everything was at its full and Hermoupolis, one of the most critical commercial and industrial centers. Undeniably, the interaction of land and sea, through the people and their actions, formed the unique entity of this multilayered city. Therefore, the waterfront, as the physical border of that interaction, is the place that can reveal that process as a palimpsest of every former condition. Through a systematic study of the local archive of the island, this research combines different mediums to produce a map corresponding to that era to underline how this city was formed through the constant interaction of land, people, and sea.","Hermoupolis; island; Waterfront; Social functioning; Mapping","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A001","37.444211, 24.943110"
"uuid:287c6ae9-83e3-4341-8c8d-d948356450ad","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:287c6ae9-83e3-4341-8c8d-d948356450ad","Capturing the atmosphere: Sep Ruf's architecture of reconstruction as a reflection of social change in post-war Munich","Englmann, Elena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Sep Ruf (1908-1982) was one of the most significant architects of German post-war modernism and played a key role in the rebuilding of several cities after World War II, particularly Munich. Along with other German modernist architects and supporters of the New Building movement, Ruf sought to initiate an intellectual renewal of architecture as a foundation for the city’s reconstruction, aiming to counter the neoclassical architecture of the Third Reich with a style characterised by lightness, asymmetry, and transparency. The fluent transition between exterior and interior spaces, the considerate embedding in the existing urban context, and the combination of traditional and modern architectural elements are essential principles of Ruf’s post-war philosophy, leading to the development of a new formal language and architectural expression that captured the “spirit’s atmosphere” and reflected the changing social values of Munich’s post-war society.
This thesis analyses three case studies of Ruf‘s work during the first phase of post-war modernism from 1945 to 1963. It provides a historical and architectural analysis, as well as a socio-societal analysis based on local newspaper articles from the era, demonstrating how Ruf‘s architecture responded to various social challenges after World War II and encouraged public debates about evolving social values in the public, private, and religious domains. The construction of Munich’s first high-rise apartment building Theresienstraße (1950-51) was a low-cost social housing project, which offered high-quality living conditions to all social classes. The transparent facades and publicly accessible courtyards of the Neue Maxburg (1952-58) were emblematic of a new social and legal democratisation and stand for Munich’s reintegration into the European and international world community. The modern formal language of the church of St. Johann von Capistran (1957-60), built in the course of the Eucharistic World Congress in Munich, was a precursor of the liturgical reformation of the 1960s. Overall, this paper highlights Sep Ruf’s contribution to the development of post-war modernism and the broader social and cultural changes of the time in Munich.","AR2A011; post-war architecture; Sep Ruf; Munich; Germany; reconstruction; architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","48.1374300, 11.5754900"
"uuid:83c3e3a5-77bf-4062-a3fa-b1a9f14671e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:83c3e3a5-77bf-4062-a3fa-b1a9f14671e7","‘[…] We should help the artists to overcome the bad luck that has overcome them’: A thesis on the relationship between politics, power and practice of Hermann Henselmann.","van Rossum, Hugo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis researches the effects that politics can have on architecture. As a field of research, former East Germany is chosen. Here, political powers influenced heavily what was being built. This relationship is researched through the life of East Germany's most prominent architect: Hermann Henselmann. He changed his architectural course quite drastically in the early 50s, going from modernism, to socialist realism and back to modernism. By looking at his publications and the historic developments that lead to two prominent buildings designed by him, it is researched what effect the politics of the central socialist government had on his designs. It turns out that the influence and power of the state was enormous, and that Henselmann could only build so much because of his talent of finding his way around these political constraints and still applying his design talent within these boundaries.","AR2A011; East German architecture; Henselmann; Politics","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:42f6ae00-03de-47cb-bdb7-02ef1d7acf70","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:42f6ae00-03de-47cb-bdb7-02ef1d7acf70","The architecture of learning spaces from the perspective of Herman Hertzberger","Lappa, Marianna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Herman Hertzberger is an architect who has dealt over many years with the design of school buildings, both in terms of theory and practice. Owing to his vast experience in this field, he has established a theoretical framework on designing stimulating learning spaces for children. The scope of this thesis is firstly to present Hertzberger’s theory on the attributes of such spaces and how architects can achieve designing successful school buildings. There are several remarks of his that can be achieved spatially in various manners. After all, in architecture there is not an unambiguous relationship between theory and practice. In this sense, the research question of the present thesis is how Hertzberger’s theory on designing school buildings has been implemented in different ways. In other words, I will try to display the various architectural ‘solutions’ manifesting the same principles. In order to answer the question above, I will analyse schools (kindergartens and primary schools) designed by Hertzberger to serve contemporary learning approaches and teaching practices. The schools that will be selected cover a large time span, starting from the first buildings he designed until recent projects; the objective is to understand in what ways he himself has implemented his own ideas and probably detect elements that he further developed or departed from.","AR2A011; School architecture; Herman Hertzberger","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:509cb4b4-d0d4-4fdb-b2fd-d015d39ec869","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:509cb4b4-d0d4-4fdb-b2fd-d015d39ec869","Female flanerie in Indian Cinematic Space: Urban allegories of the Kotha ","Vajpeyi, Tarini (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architecture; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The flaneur is a figure of perception and an embodiment of liberation in the metropolis - an uninhibited spectator of the city, seeking the pleasures of its indulgent atmospheres and basking in the vibrancy of its unfolding urban life. However, this simple, cognitive engagement with the urban realm is reserved for male authorship, where the basic human requirements of time, space and leisure are gendered. The male flaneur defies the scrutiny of the public gaze, unperturbed by the fears of assault and societal convention while enjoying the luxuries of idleness in the midst of a bustling street. On the contrary, the female flaneur is obscured, her space and time in the city compromised at the behest of patriarchal constructs. Where is her space in the city? How does she reclaim her ownership of the urban scape?
Moved by the question of female flanerie in the metropolis, this essay delves into the idiosyncratic realm of the kotha - a spatial typology that emerged in the Indian subcontinent during the Mughal rule around the 16th Century. The kotha was similar to a salon, where women (known as tawaifs or salon ladies) adept in the arts of dance and music, would perform for elite and royal male patrons. Being a dedicated space of performance embedded in the city’s fabric, the kotha oscillated between the public and private realms, never fully belonging to either. Through the changing socio-political condition of India across its colonial, post colonial and contemporary eras, the kotha, just like the metropolis, has undergone a shift in identity and spatial expression - thereby mirroring the condition of the female flaneur, now embodied by the tawaif. Interestingly, the kotha has time and again been a subject of interest in South Asian visual media culture, particularly represented through its cinematic space.
Therefore, tapping into my own fascination for South Asian cinema and drawing on the spatio-corporeal realm of the kotha as a specific case, this paper seeks to unearth the greater question of women’s space in the city - their modalities of expression, their reclamation of citizenship and above all, their personification of the flaneur - a figure of perception and an embodiment of liberation in the metropolis.
This research investigates how the architects A.J. Kropholler and Dom Hans van der Laan incorporated the Benedictine Rule into their modern abbeys. Specifically, it examines the historical context of the Dutch abbeys and the development of monastic architecture, drawing on Wolfgang Braunfels’ Monasteries of Western Europe as a foundation for contextualizing the St. Gall Utopia. Additionally, it explores the design principles and philosophies that influenced the layout and construction of the Dutch abbeys under investigation, through an analysis of the floor plans and layouts of the abbeys, as well as interviews with a current monk or an employee at both Dutch abbeys.
The thesis is structured into four chapters, beginning with an examination of the Benedictine Rule and Utopia of St. Gall, followed by separate analyses of St. Adalbert’s Abbey in Egmond by A.J. Kropholler and the St. Benedictusberg Abbey in Vaals by Dom Hans van der Laan. The final chapter compares the two Dutch abbeys with each other and the Utopia of St. Gall. The study is limited by the scope of the two Dutch abbeys chosen for analysis, but it offers insights into how the architects of the abbeys incorporated the Benedictine Rule into their designs, and sheds light on the role of monasteries in modern society.
The spaces for the three main pillars of the Benedictine Rule are integrated in both Dutch Abbeys. However this research shows that the role in society for Monasteries has changed. The essential elements of the St. Gall Utopia can still be recognized in both floor plans, however the size and clustering of several functions changed.
ABSTRACT","AR2A011; Monasteries; Abbey; St. Gall; Benedictine Rule; Dutch","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:7bdc0672-43b9-4aad-aaa5-f64ae06e6aa2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7bdc0672-43b9-4aad-aaa5-f64ae06e6aa2","De Consequenties van een Natuurramp: Onderzoek naar de veranderingen in het regionaal plan van Schouwen-Duiveland na de Watersnoodramp (1953)","Geluk, Sander (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In deze paper wordt de invloed van de Watersnoodramp (1953), de grootste natuurramp van Nederland in de 20ste eeuw, op het regionaal plan van Schouwen-Duiveland in kaart gebracht. De overstroming veroorzaakte grote schade aan gebouwen en zorgde ervoor dat meer dan 1300 km² land onder water kwam te staan. Bestaande onderzoeken richten zich voornamelijk op de impact van de Watersnoodramp op Nederland als geheel. In dit onderzoek ligt de focus op een specifieke regio, namelijk de regionale planning van de zwaarst getroffen regio, Schouwen-Duiveland. Minder dan 30% van de woningen was nog bewoonbaar en ongeveer 70% van de bewoners moest geëvacueerd worden (De redactie van Cobouw, z.p., 1993). Het doel van deze paper is om te onderzoeken of de overstroming tot veranderingen in de regionale- en structurele planning heeft geleid, die misschien niet waren aangebracht als de watersnoodramp niet had plaatsgevonden. De centrale onderzoeksvraag is als volgt: Wat is de invloed van de Watersnoodramp (1953) op het regionaal plan van Schouwen-Duiveland tussen de periode vóór de natuurramp en de wederopbouw (1954)?
Met behulp van archiefkaarten en -rapporten uit de bibliotheek van het Zeeuws Archief, wordt onderzoek gedaan naar het regionaal plan van Schouwen-Duiveland voor de overstroming. Daarna wordt verder ingezoomd op het structurele plan van Zierikzee, de grootste stad van SchouwenDuiveland, en tot aan de 19de eeuw, de op één na belangrijkste stad in heel Zeeland. Hieruit blijkt dat Schouwen-Duiveland als geheel een overwegend agrarisch karakter had, met een ongunstige verkaveling van de landbouwgronden en slechte infrastructuur. De uitbreidingsplannen van Zierikzee tonen vervolgens aan dat Zierikzee geen overwegend agrarische stad was en dat er een visie was voor het verbeteren van de infrastructuur. Door oorlogsomstandigheden kwamen deze plannen echter niet van de grond en de watersnoodramp zorgde er uiteindelijk voor dat een volledig herstel van het landschap met grondige sanering noodzakelijk was. Hiervoor werden de Reconstructie-Commissie Schouwen-Duiveland en Herverkavelingscommissie Zeeland ingesteld. Deze commissies brachten uiteindelijk plannen voort voor het herstel van het eiland met speciale aandacht naar de herverdeling van de landbouwgronden en het verbeteren van de infrastructuur.
Thesis statement: De overstroming veroorzaakte veranderingen in de regionale planning die zonder de natuurramp niet zouden zijn doorgevoerd.","AR2A011; Herverkaveling; Watersnoodramp","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8d850aa5-49fb-4c04-a44a-6c4ec4ec19dd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8d850aa5-49fb-4c04-a44a-6c4ec4ec19dd","What to do with Swarttouw's warehouses: Breakbulk warehouses of Rotterdam","Boele, Johan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis examines the historic value of breakbulk warehouses for Rotterdam. It focuses on a warehouse in Merwehaven, a disused port area in Rotterdam. By showing the history of Rotterdam warehouses, redevelopments executed, and demolished warehouses a deeper understanding of warehouses for Rotterdam is given. Giving the historical context and the architectural features of the warehouse in Merwehaven and evaluating them with the assessment criteria of the Rijksdienst voor Cultureel Erfgoed determines its value for Rotterdam.","AR2A011; Port Area; Warehouses; Rotterdam; Redevelopment; History","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","51.909142, 4.417948"
"uuid:93c53df6-52be-451c-818e-577377fa3f79","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:93c53df6-52be-451c-818e-577377fa3f79","Emerging from the western shadows: The rise of Northeastern Morocco through the lens of Oujda","Chergui, Younes (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Oujda, situated in the Northeastern region (Oriental) near the Algerian border, has a historical connection to Algeria that is stronger than its connection to the western regions of its own country. However, a difficult border situation has existed between Oujda and Algeria since 1994 due to escalating tensions. This border location has impacted Oujda throughout its long history, which exists for over a thousand years. The effects of this were clearly visible after the French colonization of Algeria in 1830 and Tunisia in 1881, which led to the colonization of Morocco. Morocco supported the Algerian resistance against the French government, which resulted in the expansion of the French protectorate in the ‘Maghrib’. Independence (1956) resulted in the reconstruction of national identity and post-colonial developments in Northeastern Morocco, which included the creation of new infrastructure projects and boundaries. Yet it had to deal with underinvestment during independence, as development efforts focused on Morocco’s economic centers such as Casablanca and Rabat. The Northeastern region's development has been significantly influenced by transborder interactions with Algeria and Spain. Illicit cross-border trade between local communities within and outside the country has helped to boost the regional economy over time. Legal trade traffic could only be done by air or sea, leading to new investments in infrastructure and technology to support the increasing demand for trade and commerce. Morocco's once-neglected eastern region has already developed into a more resilient region than before, with visible growth and expansion of the city and its surrounding areas.","AR2A011; History Thesis; Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:18f7f60f-af37-409c-9f23-6f645687dcf5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:18f7f60f-af37-409c-9f23-6f645687dcf5","Sheltering the mountains: Tracing the human behaviour in wild environnement through high-altitude Architecture from the 17th century to present day","Sarda, Lise (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","'Sheltering the Mountains' investigates and discusses the relationship between humans and the natural environment through the lens of high-altitude architecture. Focusing on a specific period from the 17th century to the present day, the research traces the development of architectural techniques used in extreme environments and analyses how they reflect and shape human behaviour towards nature.
Through an interdisciplinary approach that combines architectural and mountaineering history, environmental psychology, and anthropology, this thesis investigates the interconnections between architecture and human adaptation to the challenges posed by high-altitude environments. Drawing on a range of case studies, including mountain shelters, refuges and observatories, the research demonstrates how the Alps have become a tourist destination and its significance for our relationship with nature.
In addition to analysing the functional aspects of high-altitude architecture, this thesis explores the aesthetic and symbolic dimensions of these structures. It argues that architecture in extreme environments not
only serves practical purposes, but also embodies cultural and social values, and reflects broader attitudes towards nature and the environment.
The research concludes by reflecting on the lessons that can be drawn from the history of high-altitude architecture for contemporary debates about sustainable architecture and the relationship between humans and the natural world. It suggests that a deeper understanding of the ways in which architecture and the environment interact can inform the design of more effective and sustainable solutions for evolving in extreme environments, and contribute to a more harmonious relationship between humans and nature.","AR2A011; Mountains; tourism development; Shelters; Alps; High Altitude; 17th century","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:93f8fc3b-0ced-405c-83a8-b955701b517d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:93f8fc3b-0ced-405c-83a8-b955701b517d","Force of Nature: Alina Scholtz and the Empowerment of Women on Mid-Century Landscape Design","Dębska, Michalina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","To answer the question of women’s empowerment in mid-century landscape architecture, this essay will focus on the legacy of the “mother founder”1 of Polish landscape architecture, Alina Scholtz admitted for her immense independence and involvement at work.
Scholtz was a designer and educator, serving as a professor of landscape architecture at the Warsaw University of Life Sciences. Her diverse portfolio ranged from palace gardens to housing estates and playgrounds. Her realisations were changeable in time, as a living matter of plants, which are led by the sun and water, create an architectural mass and systems of components in the urban landscape.
From the beginning, landscape architecture, similarly to interior design, was treated as a “decorative” addition to “prime” architecture.2 Women dominated the discipline. Over the course of her career, Scholtz has worked with many aspiring women architects, landscape architects and urban planners whose names are unknown. Alina Scholtz was an exception to the rule. She was the leader of the landscape architecture team strongly feminised - in the „Zieleń” („Greenery”) studio at the Biuro Odbudowy Stolicy (BOS)3. She made major contributions to the International Federation of Landscape Architects4 and the SARP5 conferences, promoting the value of greenery designs in reconstructing cities after WWII and advocating Poland’s opinions on the subject on a global scale.
The methodology will include an analysis of the documents belonging to archives of the BOS in Warsaw, the Landscape Architecture department, archives of the Museum of Architecture in Wrocław, archives of the Frederyk Chopin Museum in Żelazowa Wola and National Archive in Warsaw, Otwock section, an interview with the Centrala Group, Małgorzata Kuciewicz and Simone De Iacobis, who were responsible for the exhibition on Alina Scholtz in Warsaw, in 2022, and study of photographs, official correspondence as well as letters to the Scholtz family and drawings and publications related to the subject.
1 Czerniewska-Andryszczyk, Klara, Ewa Perlińska-Kobierzyńska, Natalia Budnik, Małgorzata Kuciewicz, Simone De Iacobis. Alina Scholtz Projektantka warszawskiej
zieleni. Warsaw: Muzeum Warszawy, 2021., P. 8
2 Czerniewska-Andryszczyk, Klara, Ewa Perlińska-Kobierzyńska, Natalia Budnik, Małgorzata Kuciewicz, Simone De Iacobis. Alina Scholtz Projektantka warszawskiej
zieleni. Warsaw: Muzeum Warszawy, 2021., P. 9
3 Biuro Odbudowy Stolicy (BOS) - an institution established in 1945 by a decree of the National Council to rebuild Warsaw, destroyed during World War II.
4 Scholtz was a foundation member of IFLA in 1948
5 Stowarzyszenie Architektów Polskich (SARP) - founded in 1934, the national professional association for Polish architects.","AR2A011; landscape architecture; urban greenery; female architects; Warsaw","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:18894dd4-d4bf-4430-bfbb-a6a6784aabb6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:18894dd4-d4bf-4430-bfbb-a6a6784aabb6","A Study on the Water Treatment System in the Ancient Chinese Village of Hongcun: Focus on its sustainable and aesthetic values and its value as a model for the modern concept of the sponge city","Zhang, Yang (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis takes the ancient Chinese village of Hongcun as the main object of study, focusing on the specific functions and modes of operation of the water treatment system in Hongcun as well as the cultural and social context behind it. And the role of different water treatment methods used in Hongcun is analysed in terms of both sustainable and aesthetic values. This thesis also links the water treatment system of Hongcun with the modern concept of the sponge city, explaining the similarities between the two and using Hongcun as a prototype to provide guidance for the construction of modern sponge cities.","AR2A011; Hongcun; Water Treatment System; Sponge City","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","30.183333,117.633333"
"uuid:86913435-3e44-41fe-b0dc-228b22b256e1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:86913435-3e44-41fe-b0dc-228b22b256e1","The Evolution of the Ideal City: Van den Broek and Bakema","Schoon, Theo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The 20th century consists of technological improvements and societal changes due to industrialisation and the two World Wars. Architects, urban planners, artists, critics, and other professions sought to create a better future using different themes and available technologies to visualise an ideal city based on their ideals about people’s needs. This research focused on Van den Broek and Bakema’s ideal city and how it emerged over the course of the 20th century. The study investigated how the ideal city developed in their work from 1900 until 1965. The research identified that Van den Broek and Bakema’s ideal city was formed through thoughts and outcomes discussed during meetings within different modernist groups. The period after World War II had a significant influence on how people perceived the world and how the living environment should operate. Van den Broek and Bakema attempted to combine these aspects in creating their ideal city, emphasising the importance of interactions and social communities through transitions between different layers in the living environment to counter individualism. The study also revealed that Van den Broek and Bakema’s approach was in line with the principles of De Stijl, the C.I.A.M., and Team 10 which are discussed during this research.","Van den Broek and Bakema; ideal city; utopia; c.i.a.m.; Team 10; Pampus; Het Nieuwe Bouwen","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:d07e1b97-3fc4-40ee-aa08-94fbe2ce624c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d07e1b97-3fc4-40ee-aa08-94fbe2ce624c","Sex and theCity: Women’s movements, architectures, and sex work in Milan (1900-1939)","Luciano, Carlotta Luciano (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Le strade libere le fanno le donne che le attraversano. [Eng. “The free roads are made by the women who cross them”. From Italian women association Non una di meno, 2017].
Advanced research carried out by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime published in 2018 found that women and girls consistently accounted for most of the reported cases of trafficking and sexual exploitation. In Milan, the National Union of Women (Unione femminile Nazionale in Italian) was founded in 1899 to defend women’s rights. Their archive, preserved in Corso di Porta Nuova 32, contains documents and materials such as magazines, images, posters, and minutes that prove their work on the territory starting from the foundation of a Committee within the association, which listens and welcomes victims of trafficking. Together with it, the foundation of the Mariuccia Asylum in 1902 contributed to the fight against the phenomenon of trafficking in women in the city.
Particularly books and articles such as Esistere come donna by Maura Palazzi and the book Il dilemma della cittadinanza. Diritti e doveri delle donne by Gabriella Bonacchi published in 1993. Complementary, the research collects and analyses the Periodicals published over the years by the UFN, concerning the trafficking in women in Milanese spaces after the regulation of the prostitution in Italy in 1860.
This thesis aims to explore the architectures around sex work and women’s movements from 1900 to 1939 in the city of Milan. Specifically, the building of the association, a brothel in a famous neighbourhood in the city and the Mariuccia Asylum.
Overall, the thesis sheds light into the spaces related to the work of the association UFN and sex workers at the beginning of the 1900 to finally contribute to document the history of women in architecture in Milan.","AR2A011; Spaces; Trafficking; Prostitution; Milan; Women","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:2134bd06-bea5-4694-8849-d573d8f230ab","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2134bd06-bea5-4694-8849-d573d8f230ab","The Development of Public Library Design in the Netherlands; a Case Study on Forum Groningen","de Groot, Marijke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","It was thought that because of the rise of the digital age, public libraries would eventually go extinct. However, research shows that nothing could be further from the truth. Visitor numbers are rising each year and new libraries are opened. There has been a change in the typology of public libraries that ensures the important role the library has in society to this day. This paper will analyse this change, which is very important for the future of public libraries. The past developments in public library design and organisation are researched and the current value of the public library is analysed. This will lead to the case study conducted on the Forum Groningen. This is a multifunctional library building that was opened a little over three years ago and is an example of the “new” public library, and everything that comes with it. The paper will dive into the process behind the building, the typology and design, and the perception of the building by the public and by experts in the field. The combination of literature research and analysis will give an overview of developments in the realm of public libraries, connected to the Forum Groningen as an embodiment of this change.","AR2A011; public library; development; history; Forum Groningen","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ac7b6bd0-043d-4195-9592-a595208e690f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac7b6bd0-043d-4195-9592-a595208e690f","Post-war mass housing: From utopian ideas to dystopian realities: A comparative case study of the demolished Robin Hood Gardens vs. the thriving Park Hill","Nikolova, Iveta (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis presents a comparative case study of two exemplary for the post-war period projects - Robin Hood Gardens and Park Hill. Although a lot of research already exists on post-war mass housing and on the two projects individually, they have rarely been analyzed in comparison to each other, despite sharing similar characteristics. By juxtaposing Robin Hood Gardens and Park Hill, the notions of failure and success of what once seemed to be utopian ideas for housing are investigated. The main objective of this research is to find patterns in the underlying design thinking, ideas, and practice of the architects behind these projects, which could potentially help in understanding the symptomatic decline of post-war housing. The projects are analyzed on different layers, beginning with the historical context they were built in, the thinking and beliefs of the architects involved, the intentions behind the designs and the reception of the projects. This multi-layered analysis incorporates different perspectives, from professionals to residents, revealing that historical discourse is a collection of various narratives. Rather than providing a simple answer to the decline of the projects, the thesis demonstrates that the outcome of Robin Hood Gardens and Park Hill is a complex synthesis of social, political, and economic reasons.","AR2A011; post-war housing; Robin Hood Gardens; Park Hill; UK; Utopian thinking; Alison and Peter Smithson","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:2f932110-329f-4f9d-8070-1082e75a6abe","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2f932110-329f-4f9d-8070-1082e75a6abe","Memories on reclaimed land: The defamiliarization of Weld Quay in George Town: How does the memory of place correlate with the transformation of Weld Quay over time and defamiliarizing the experience and perception of place?","Neoh Ke Ling, Ke Ling (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Penang was once an important port along the Straits of Melaka, connecting the Indian and Pacific Oceans, serving as a major stop point for ships sailing between Asia, Europe and the Middle East. In the 19th century, the British colonial authorities decided to undertake a massive land reclamation project to expand harbour and trade activities, resulting in the creation of Weld Quay. As a reclaimed land, Weld Quay had undergone a series of political changes imposed by different governmental administrations, including the British settlement, Japanese occupation, formation of the Malayan Union, Malaya independence and the qualification of George Town as a UNESCO heritage site. Through the notion of time, Penang‘s significant shift in the political landscape has resulted in the gradual transformation of Weld Quay‘s urban redevelopment within the physical and sociocultural realm. Evidently, the progressive transition over time erased and reconstructed the history of Weld Quay, providing opportunities for creating new memories. However, at the same time, it erodes the memories of the local community that the original land accommodates. With the concept of defamiliarization, this study seeks to trace stories that occurred on the reclamation ground through the historical perspectives of everyday life by examining the public and private memories of Penangites. Despite the change in Weld Quay‘s urban landscape caused by several major historical events, the recollection and retention of an individual‘s past experiences will eventually continue to influence one‘s perception of the present condition. Thus, this study intends to reflect on the gains and losses of urban redevelopment through the sense of defamiliarization by unveiling the overlapping history of Weld Quay in relation to the individual, social, collective and public memory of place.","AR2A011; History Thesis; Urban Landscapes; Socio- spatial transformations; place identity; cultural identity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","5.4184278, 100.344972"
"uuid:4cbca777-adca-48d9-b35a-4ded558552be","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4cbca777-adca-48d9-b35a-4ded558552be","Construction Waste: A Human Perception Instead Of Actual Reality?","Nossbaum, Nadine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The building industry is one of the largest producers of waste materials worldwide. Construction waste can include various materials such as concrete, wood, glass, metals, plastics, and hazardous materials. These wastes streams can pose significant environmental challenges and contribute to pollution and depletion of natural resources. However, they can also be considered potential resources that can be reused, recycled and/or repurposed, contributing to a circular economy and sustainable development. Dealing with construction waste in the built environment has become a crucial aspect of contemporary architecture. It requires a balance between the need for resource efficiency and waste reduction on the one hand, and the design and functionality of buildings on the other. However, waste could also be considered to be a potential ‘raw material’. From this perspective it is to be argued if ‘waste’ is a valid term? Maybe is the way society interprets ‘waste’ just a perception based upon a sincere lack of knowledge how to transform and reuse these residues?
This paper examines the issue of construction waste and whether the perceptions associated with the term are related to the actual reality or are the result of a severe bias.
The research question of this thesis is: Are waste materials in the built environment a problem (pollution) or a solution (resource)?","AR2A011; construction waste; Circularity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ffb1dfd0-d2e5-4501-8efc-48a611458da0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ffb1dfd0-d2e5-4501-8efc-48a611458da0","Decentralization of the housing policy in the Netherlands: Policies on the housing market from 1990 to the present by the Dutch national government. In relation to the housing shortage in the Netherlands","de Veth, Max (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","AR2A011; Housing Market; Housing Policy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:304d1407-b078-419c-af91-fa0d9e96d885","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:304d1407-b078-419c-af91-fa0d9e96d885","Clubhouse of the Amsterdam rowing association K.A.R. & Z.V. De Hoop: Between sport and meeting","Kemme, Noortje (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Although playing sports and meeting go hand in hand, architectural literature does not thoroughly delve into that connection. This thesis, however, is an attempt to grasp the theme through the study of the clubhouse of the rowing association De Hoop on the Amstel River in Amsterdam. First, historical context is provided. The clubhouse dates from 1952, at a time when several other rowing associations were rebuilding their homes that were destructed during the Second World War. Subsequently, a short note is made on the typology of clubhouses that specifically include a space to gather and spectate the sport. The core of the thesis regards an analysis of the three designs that architect Auke Komter made using mainly archival material. All the designs consist of a boathouse on the ground floor, whilst the clubroom is elevated on either the first or second floor. In order to optimize the space meetings, it can be concluded that several sitting areas as well as the flexibility of the space in general. In addition, a transparent facade attracts the members to the space to chat and spectate.","AR2A011; boathouse; rowing association; Auke Komter; Amstel River; 1950s; Amsterdam; clubhouse","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:aa6e468a-2e4a-4f26-8925-0c46c125ad18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa6e468a-2e4a-4f26-8925-0c46c125ad18","An imagined dialogue: Richard Buckminster Fuller & Mark Wigley: Evaluating Screams towards Sustainability: Similarities and Differences","Gaillard, Elina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis will explore two different perspectives on the urgency of sustainable design in the built environment. The first perspective is Mark Wigley’s call for the imagination of ‘non-extractive architecture’ as outlined in his essay ‘Returning The Gift: Running Architecture in Reverse’. The second perspective is Richard Buckminster Fuller’s lecture titled ‘World Man’, delivered in 1966 at Princeton University School of Architecture.
According to Wigley, ecological responsibility and energy efficiency are not equivalent, which contradicts Fuller’s philosophy of ‘doing more-and-more with less-and-less’ to ensure human survival and evolution. This thesis aims to explore this contradiction by comparing these two perspectives from the past and present and answer the research question: What are the key differences & similarities in conveying the urge for sustainable design in the past & present, studied by the use of two outstanding voices?
The thesis will examine how the different social and political contexts of both figures, as well as their use of language and rhetoric, influenced their messages and empowered their audience. Through discussing the lessons that can be learned from both perspectives, a deeper understanding of the evolution of sustainable design will be gained, and the insights can be useful for developing a sustainable design process for the future.
Although both Fuller and Wigley use language as a tool to communicate their ideas, their rhetorical strategies differ significantly. Fuller’s lecture has a spontaneous and seemingly unorganized style, while Wigley’s essay employs rhetorical questions and vivid adjectives to captivate his audience.
Wigley’s essay ‘Returning the Gift’ appears to learn from Buckminster Fuller’s sustainability approach in architecture. While Wigley agrees with Fuller’s objective of achieving more with less until everything can be done with nothing, he suggests that we should expand beyond Fuller’s technological fix to address sustainability challenges and interact with wider social and economic systems that generate ecological issues. Wigley also illustrates Fuller’s concept of how local activities have global effects. Lastly, Wigley suggests running architecture in reverse to consider what might come after architecture, since architecture is deeply involved in extractive economies.
In order to promote a more sustainable design process, it is crucial to raise awareness about the various perspectives on energy use, sustainable design approaches, and the definition of sustainability itself. By doing so, we can acknowledge and learn from the mistakes we have made in the past. If we trust in Fuller’s philosophy, this increased awareness may lead to a positive shift in our behavior, resulting in more conscious actions and a more sustainable design process in the future.
This leads to the following research question for this thesis:
Considering existing research and case studies, what novel contributions can parametric design bring to the field of hospital design?
The methodology for this thesis is as follows:
1. Literature review
2. Case-study analysis
3. Data collection
4. Data analysis
5. Conclusion
This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of the potential and challenges of using parametric design in architecture and hospital design. The first chapter highlights the benefits of parametric design, such as increased efficiency and sustainability, while acknowledging the need for more programming and defining. The second chapter delves into the complex factors that shape hospital design and how architecture can improve the patient experience. The third chapter analyses case studies to showcase the potential of parametric design in creating functional, sustainable, and restorative hospital environments that positively impact the healing process.
The study concludes that parametric design has the potential to transform the future of architecture and healthcare facilities. However, its successful implementation requires the development of adequate tools for generating and modifying architectural forms interactively. The interviews with two architects from IAA Architects confirm the growing interest in parametric design in architecture and the need for suitable design tools. Overall, the thesis provides valuable insights for architects and designers seeking to create innovative and sustainable environments that promote the well-being of patients and staff.","AR2A011; Parametric design; Hospital","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:d4166385-e49f-488b-9e87-7172f6cc0b0a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d4166385-e49f-488b-9e87-7172f6cc0b0a","Dutch embassies in context: The influence of local conditions in architectural intercontinental designs of Dutch embassy buildings","Kuijsters, Stijn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The design of embassies is a highly sensitive and important challenge. Two case studies of Dutch embassies in Africa designed by Dutch architects are chosen to investigate the way local conditions influence the design of Dutch
purpose-built embassies on other continents. A literature study was performed to compare the two case studies on three aspects: how the designs deal with local culture, climate and architecture. Data was analysed in the form of texts, drawings and photos. The results showed that both case studies dealt with the local conditions in a very similar way in all three aspects. The results could serve as a toolbox for designers without experience in the design of a building in another continent.","AR2A011; embassy design; political architecture; local; Maputo; Addis Ababa","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","-25.965170,32.595884"
"uuid:8054c7f8-a1a4-402b-ba0c-c496227e2496","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8054c7f8-a1a4-402b-ba0c-c496227e2496","Urban structure in 17&18th century Scandinavia: The emergence of grids in Stockholm, Oslo and Copenhagen","Kremer, Marc (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Exploration of the emergence of grids in Scandinavia, by gathering, compiling and comparing relevant information and supply a new broader understanding in the topic.","AR2A011; grids; urbanism; Scandinavia; 17th century; 18th century; Renaissance","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:e5a3fb33-ae05-4dcf-aae3-ef804aa143bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e5a3fb33-ae05-4dcf-aae3-ef804aa143bd","Integration & architecture 1960s: Analyzing how architects dealt with the integration of guest workers from the 1960s through Alvaro Siza’s Punt Komma project","Asag-Gau, Abrar (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","his article examines the integration of migrants in the Netherlands in the 1960s and its connection with architecture. It examines how architecture, specifically Alvaro Siza’s Punt Komma project in The Hague’s Schilderswijk district contributed to the integration of migrants. The essay poses three research questions on the background of migration in the Netherlands in the 1960s, the obstacles the Punt Komma project faced, and how
the design and layout of the project contributed to the integration of migrants into Dutch society. Intended for
architects who want to learn from successful integration projects, the essay explores various theoretical frameworks related to social sustainability, inclusivity, and community development in
architecture","Integration; Migrant workers; Punt Komma, Alvaro Siza","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:71ef08c6-01f9-4008-b148-6cc89aee7791","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71ef08c6-01f9-4008-b148-6cc89aee7791","Colonial and Slavery Memorials for the Future: How to complement the current landscape of colonial and slavery memorials in The Netherlands: learning from Monument Indië-Nederland.","Stam, Nynke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","We are living in an age of deconstructing history, realizing our past is not as black and white as we once thought it was. By slowly peeling off the different layers of the past, our historical awareness grows and we gain a broader perspective on what has actually happened. Movements such as Black Lives Matter have sharpened our lenses massively, which inevitably had impact on our perception on monuments and memorial architecture. In this history thesis we dive into the current scenery of monuments and memorials in Dutch public spaces, that refer to our colonial and slavery past. The present palette of statues, monumental buildings and memorial sites represent a distorted balance of these historical colonial narratives, since they are massively underrepresenting the dark side of the story from the slavery perspective. Monument Indië-Nederland is a great example of such a one-sided colonial reference, causing society to interfere and give voice to the shifting societal perspective on historical representation. However, the hidden design intentions of sculpturer Frits Van Hall reveal something surprising: the monument was actually intended to be adjusted overtime by removing and adding elements to the memorial site. He intended to give society the opportunity of slowly shifting the original meaning of ‘honoring former commander Van Heutsz’ into ‘celebrating the freedom of the East Indie colony’. There are also other memorial examples that emphasize additional perspectives and spatial flexibility. This inspires us to think of monuments as being more than just a ‘static’ object, but rather dynamic and flexible elements in our built environment that give space to add other perspectives to the narrative, and to be subject of societal change overtime. And so, we should be expanding the currently represented one-sided narratives with adding new perspectives to the monuments together with society. In this way, a variety of perspectives is being represented, without ignoring or denying our history. For that matter, these additions overtime will actually even enrichen the current memorial scenery, by also representing our changing societal perception on history over the years.","monuments; memorial architecture; Monument Indië-Nederland; Frits van Hall; colonial past; slavery past; historical representation; public spaces","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:98fd40bf-5f84-41f6-ada2-823252b887fb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98fd40bf-5f84-41f6-ada2-823252b887fb","Exploring the Use of Color in Architecture: An Analysis of Luis Barragan and Le Corbusier’s Design Approaches and Their Influence on Educational Spaces","Han, Jing (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanovic, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This paper studies the color application in architecture during the 20th century by Le Corbusier and Luis Barragan through a thorough analysis of case studies such as Cité Frugès, Unité d’Habitation, Casa Gilardi, and the Chapel for the Capuchinas, as well as relevant literature reviews. It then explores how color affects users’ perception of a space from a psychological aspect through Goethe’s color theory (1810) and the Ecological Valence Theory (2010). Factors that affect how people perceive color are also discussed. Finally, the paper focuses on the application of color in educational settings and discusses the impact of color. This paper aims to analyze and draw inspiration from Le Corbusier and Luis Barragan’s color application approaches to apply them in educational spaces and emphasize the importance of color in educational settings.","AR2A011; architecture; color psychology; color in education space","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1faf3d88-cd4d-42cf-afc8-4403017adfcb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1faf3d88-cd4d-42cf-afc8-4403017adfcb","A new perspective: Understanding the role of architecture in the Ukiyo-e printing tradition through Hiroshige Utagawa","van der Eng, Tijs (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Ukiyo-e or “pictures of the floating world” is the woodblock printing tradition which dominated the Japanese art world throughout the Edo period in imperial Japan from the start of the 17th century until deep into the 19th century. The Ukiyo-e are generally characterized by its vibrant colours, dynamic compositions and depiction of everyday life and popular culture. The subjects where a mirage of the hedonistic lifestyle a new middle class sought. These included pornographic scenery, the kabuki theatre, courtesans of the brothels and landscapes. However not a main subject itself, architecture in its many forms and scales makes appearances in a considerable amount of prints. Yet when consulting the literature, which contains an abundancy on the mentioned print subjects, composition, and ways of working, little can be found about the direct role of the architectural depiction within the Ukiyo-e tradition. This paper serves as a first attempt to uncover this role of architecture. Through a combination of a literary study with a personal analysis, the depicted architecture is dissected in the work of the master Hiroshige Utagawa (1797-1858). The research showed two distinct ways architecture was deployed: directly used to explain a history, a place or as an amplifier of a series’ subject. This often goes together with an insurance of recognizable architectural structures. Then there is the more indirect and subtle way in which architecture is utilized by Hiroshige in which the architecture is a tool which helps transferring an emotion, feeling or bold composition. Throughout his work, it turned out it was more important that the architecture served as a tool to make a place readable and a print digestible for the public. It became clear Hiroshige understood the properties of architecture and adopted its characteristics to his needs or altered them when necessary. This research serves as a first foundation for further research on the specific relation between the Ukiyo-e and architectural depiction. Cross-analysis with other masters, and throughout different eras within the Edo period can perhaps offer more insight in the topic.","Ukiyo-e; Hiroshige; Architecture; art analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3bdc471f-8653-4aef-a118-17a31575ce71","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3bdc471f-8653-4aef-a118-17a31575ce71","Architectural Approach for the Co-existence of Traffic-served Space and Meeting Space: Based on the Hague Central Station designed by K. van der Gaast in 1970","He, Lanxin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis aims to analyse the coexistence of traffic-served spaces and meeting spaces in a railway terminal complex, with a particular focus on The Hague Central Station, designed by K. van der Gaast in 1970. The study is going to evaluate the significance of incorporating meeting spaces in the railway terminal complex and analyse the design strategies and typology approaches employed by Van der Gaast. The research will provide insights into the architect's perspective on the coexistence of these spaces and their influences on the travellers’ experience.","AR2A011; Station development; K. van der Gaast; Den Haag CS","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:9353be03-3c4e-4cc5-ba57-db93327ee4ab","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9353be03-3c4e-4cc5-ba57-db93327ee4ab","Urban diversity comes with crime, but crime doesn’t come with diversity","Willemse, Kasper (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis investigates whether mapping urban diversity, density, and certain compositions of types of uses can help predict and prevent certain types of crime in urban neighborhoods. Little research is available on the influence of urban diversity on crime. Through literature research, mediating variables like social surveillance and economic growth are found. Data analysis is used to find and test correlations which could be beneficial for city planning ultimately preventing crime. The aspect of mixed use neighborhoods is explored, which is important for the quality of life based on urban diversity by Jane Jacobs. The neighborhoods of Amsterdam will be used to test several hypotheses based on the work of Jane Jacobs. The hypotheses are based on the influence of urban diversity, density and composition of types of uses on certain types of crime and crime in general. One such hypothesis is that urban diverse neighborhoods will have lower overall crime rates but these dense areas may prove beneficial for certain types of crime like pickpocketing. Explorative research has also been conducted by the hand of found anomalies in crime types. Made maps and scatterplots are used to find potential correlations, which are then tested on significance by calculating the Pearson correlation. The results are compared to other big Dutch cities to see if correlations are citybound or hold up nationally. Urban diversity is important for creating vibrant and livable areas, but precisely these vibrant areas appear to attract the most crime.","AR2A011; urban diversity; Crime","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ae9b74d4-77d5-429c-b312-000a211425b0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ae9b74d4-77d5-429c-b312-000a211425b0","Cardinal Sins Through Set Design: The Seven Deadly Sins and its Portrayal in The Cook, the Thief, His Wife and Her Lover","Veerman, Melati (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","From the early Christian Church to contemporary cinema, the cardinal sins have been a popular theme in art and literature. While some films use the sins merely for entertainment value, others use them to convey powerful messages about human nature and society. The latter type includes The Cook, the Thief, His Wife and Her Lover (1989), using the sins to strengthen its political criticism.
Set design is a crucial component of the film that adds depth and purpose to the story. Director Peter Greenaway and set designers Ben van Os and Jan Roelfs create a baroque ambiance that appeals to the subconscious and enhances the overall tone of the movie. They have done so by drawing inspiration from art history and painting principles. Props, composition, color, and texture all contribute to create a consistent visual style that conveys the film’s message.
The deliberate emphasis on immorality and sin in the film serves as a passionate commentary on the political state of the United Kingdom in the 1980s, and the set design plays a crucial role in conveying this message visually.","AR2A011; cardinal sins; set design; The Cook, the Thief, His Wife and Her Lover; Peter Greenaway; Ben van Os; Jan Roelfs","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:82270f69-5e29-4d8a-9b60-f1b9d7340882","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:82270f69-5e29-4d8a-9b60-f1b9d7340882","Romanian architectural identity and Neo-Romanian architecture","Hoinărescu, Dinu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The thesis is diving into the search for the Romanian identity in architecture and at the end of the 19th century. Did the New Style that emerged from it capture the spirit and adapt to the new times?","AR2A011; Romania; Neo-Romanian; Neo-Brancovenesc","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:04d47c05-ffe3-436a-9462-978143fb0fad","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:04d47c05-ffe3-436a-9462-978143fb0fad","Philosophical Anthropology and Geometric Design Methods in the Parthenon","Franken, Daan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis aims to find a correlation between the geometric symbolism used in the design of the Greek Parthenon and the contemporary zeitgeist of philosophical anthropology. It will do so by creating a collective narrative combining the disciplines of architecture, mathematics and philosophy.
Our anthropological predisposition as humans to obtain knowledge has led us to be the only species on earth to create philosophical theories about our purpose on earth. Symbolism plays a defining role within architecture as a means to represent the philosophical anthropology zeitgeist of certain civilisations. The discipline of mathematics plays a leading role in the development of philosophical anthropology because it was a way of actualizing and physically displaying symbolism through geometry. Especially during the Mesopotamian, Egyptian and Greek civilisations, mathematics and philosophy have been closely related.
Through geometric analyses of the Parthenon, one of the most well-known and representative works of monumental Greek architecture, a strong relation to the philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras was found. The geometric techniques found in the analyses were examined in their philosophical context to relate them back to the philosophical anthropological zeitgeist of the Hellenic period in Greece. This thesis concludes that Pythagoras, and by extension the Pythagoreans, has had a strong influence on the zeitgeist of Greek philosophical anthropology and that this has become evident in the Greek built environment.","AR2A011; Parthenon; Geometry; Philosophical Anthropology; Architecture; Pythagoras; Pythagorean music scale; Golden section; Numerology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3e255352-1952-4791-a7c1-4fc374cb3f37","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3e255352-1952-4791-a7c1-4fc374cb3f37","The underlying pattern to patterns: A comprehensive research of the underlying philosophy of designing patterns during the Byzantine era carried out by comparing 6 case studies in Ravenna","Salters, Maaike (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Patterns in the universe have been proven enormously important. Moreover, it has been observed to be a method of survival by many organisms in nature. Later, people used this knowledge for ornamental and decorative purposes. It was extensively employed during the Byzantine era to aesthetically support, enhance, or incorporate mosaic scenes and images. However, by adorning structural parts, patterns were also utilised to dematerialize the architecture and conceal the functional from the aesthetical. The majority of patterns were used for delineating content and correspond to the horror vacuii concept; the fear of emptiness. Due to Ravenna's significance at the time, the research focuses on six case studies in Ravenna. The patterns confirm their importance as a result of the repetition with multiple variations in different locations.","AR2A011; Patterns; Ravenna; Byzantine era","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:725f3914-11b6-4ebf-9185-d2e1c898ec4f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:725f3914-11b6-4ebf-9185-d2e1c898ec4f","Pompenburg in context: een diepteanalyse van Weeber’s Pompenburg in Rotterdam in de jaren zeventig","Savonije, Jelte (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In nieuwe plannen van de gemeente Rotterdam moet het sociale woongebouw Pompenburg van de omstreden architect Carel Weeber ruimte maken voor de vergroening van het Hofplein. Het woongebouw uit 1981 is een boegbeeld voor de sociale woningbouw in het centrum van Rotterdam. Het is gebouwd in een tijd waarin door veranderingen in de Rotterdamse politiek een nieuw beleid voor volkshuisvesting ontstond. Onrust bij bewoners zorgde voor een focus op het renoveren van woningen en niet op het slopen. Rotterdam bouwde voor de buurt en voor de inwoners. In context met de toekomstige sloop is het van belang om te onderzoeken wat het volkshuisvestings- en architectuurklimaat van de jaren zeventig was. Er wordt onderzocht hoe het woongebouw Pompenburg past bij het volkshuisvesting- en architectuurklimaat van de jaren zeventig in Rotterdam. Dit wordt onderzocht aan de hand van literatuur onderzoek en archieven. Het woongebouw blijkt exemplarisch te zijn voor de visie van Weeber. Anders dan zijn tijdsgenoten ziet Weeber de disciplines architectuur en stedenbouw als gescheiden disciplines. Weeber poogt met zijn ontwerpen tot het ordenen van de stedenbouwkundige ruimte. Dit is in contrast met het beleid wat de gemeente Rotterdam hanteert. Echter sluit het sociale woongebouw Pompenburg wel aan bij het tijdsbeeld. Door in het centrum van Rotterdam een woongebouw met 226 sociale huurwoningen te bouwen bouwt ook Weeber voor de bewoners.","AR2A011; Pompenburg; Weeber; Volkshuisvesting","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","51.926517, 4.462456"
"uuid:d2d1cbfa-0df0-4399-a033-e2af7ea8ea86","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d2d1cbfa-0df0-4399-a033-e2af7ea8ea86","Evolution of Ornamentations in Madrasa Architecture in Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate in Relation to Economic and Political Context: A Study on Façade Ornamentations","Yelken, Zeynep (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Within the Mesopotamian region and Anatolia, one of the most important periods was during the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate. This is especially important due to its role in creating the foundations for Turkish architecture in Anatolia, which was later developed into the popular Ottoman architecture style. Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate architecture is highly valuable to its region, yet it does not have a recognizable amount of research done by foreign researchers. As an ancestor of the Ottoman Empire that is highly known, the information on the Seljuk Empire, cultural evolution, architectural implementation, and technologies is unknown outside Turkey. As a result, this creates the intention of performing a thesis on the topic to introduce Anatolian Seljuk Empire architecture to fill a research gap. The Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate was a settlement that gained its independence from the Great Seljuk Empire that was established in the 1050s and collapsed in the 1300s, which proceeded with the establishment of the Ottoman Empire. This Sultanate consisted of people who originated from central Asia, belonged to nomadic Oghuz Turks, and settled in Anatolia.
The Seljuk rulers used madrasas to reinforce their political legitimacy and cultivate an educated class of scholars and bureaucrats. For the Seljuks, the construction of madrasas was a way of showing the value of education as well as investing in raising knowledgeable citizens that could govern the state effectively. This eventually benefited the country by expanding the Turkish culture and developing strong economic dominance in Anatolia. These institutions were often financed by the state and by donors and played a key role in shaping the intellectual and cultural landscape in the Sultanate. Therefore, within the Sultanate, education and economic systems were intertwined and worked together to expand and create cultural and political dominance in the region. Knowing the value of madrasas and their representation of economic and political influence, the architectural expressions of these structures can also carry symbolic meaning concerning political situations. This was present in various uses of ornamentation that originate from central Asia, Islam, or a synthesis of these two.
Therefore, the research focuses on diving into the ornamentation of madrasah (school or university) architecture in Seljuk Empire architecture and analysing the evolution of ornamentation on the façades of three selected madrasas. This analysis is performed with the economic and political context of the Sultanate to determine a potential relationship between them. Therefore, the research question focuses on: How is the evolution of ornamentation in Madrasa architecture in the Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate in relation to economic and political context? This paper presents economic and political connections to ornamentation implemented in Sircali Madrasa, Karatay Madrasa, and Gok Madrasa. The madrasas are specifically chosen at several crucial moments in Sultanate history to strengthen the potential link between expressions of ornamentation and context.","AR2A011; Ornament; Turkish Architecture; Seljuk Architecture; Politics; Economy; Facade Design; facade; portal","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:45667c29-e84d-466f-b629-51662823a14e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:45667c29-e84d-466f-b629-51662823a14e","Experimental Adaptability: Invesigating the Adaptable Qualitites of Experimental Lunetten","Brennhagen, Ingrid (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Built in the time-specific context of the seventies, the project of Lunetten is an interesting example of residential innovation in the Netherlands. Nominated experimental by the Dutch Experimental Housing Program of 1968- 1980, for its implementation of the design methods of Stitching Architecten Research (SAR), this project shows an early attempt at designing for adaptability with the separate design layers of a public urban tissue, a communal support structure and a private infill. This thesis aims to investigate how durable the experimental adaptability is in the project of Lunetten. More specifically it examines on one side the development of the physical infill structure and on the other side the progress of the infill concept over time. Firstly, the research concludes that apart from façade adaptations, the infill of Lunetten has not managed to adapt in the way it was intended. This because the infill structures of the dwellings either have remained unchanged since its construction or have been completely removed and replaced. Nevertheless, the project’s development also shows that the structure of the support indeed is flexible for change, even if it’s not through adapting the original infills. Secondly, the research finds that the quality of the infill concept has improved over time, with a professionalised design process and separate technical developments. At the same time it becomes clear that the technical coordination and coherence of the infill, have not yet reached its full potential in the Netherlands.","AR2A011; Lunetten; Experimental housing; Open Building; Adaptability","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.065176, 5.138440"
"uuid:ebccfadc-7481-4781-a41e-7d030fc31442","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ebccfadc-7481-4781-a41e-7d030fc31442","Evolution of New York City's Approach to Natural Hazards: Adaptations and Strategies adressing Flooding from Hurricanes and Storm Surges","Heider, Vanessa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","By 2050, in less than 30 years, 300 million people will become climate refugees due to the rising sea level and coastal flooding (Lewis, 2019). Inhabitants of megacities such as New York, Mumbai or Shanghai will face enormous changes within their environment. The rising sea levels, hurricanes, and floods will transform life in coastal cities and necessitate a rethink of their approach to climate change. To comprehend the different strategies adopted by coastal cities, this study distinguishes between multimillion-dollar adaptive projects and smaller-scale climate change actions by the City of New York. In addressing this global issue, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has provided a summary of adaptation options for coastal areas and cities. These flood prevention strategies not only highlight the vulnerability of coastal cities to climate change but also vary in their management strategies, such as building new infrastructure, relocating key facilities, or preserving natural habitats.
New York City, the most densely populated city in the U.S., has been facing flooding dated since 1788, and has a long list of historical records on this issue. The devastating superstorm of Hurricane Sandy in 2012, which flooded the streets, subways, and tunnels, caused around $65 billion in damages, and led to the loss of many homes. This catastrophic event raised global warming awareness and spurred action to protect the city's waterfronts. From using leftover oyster shells as a natural flood protection system to funding multi-billion-dollar projects, New York City began taking steps to safeguard itself from natural disasters.
In New York City's Lower East Side, Bjarke Ingels Group partnered with multiple engineers and planners to develop a proposal for a 10-mile protective zone along the waterfront. This project was conceptualized as a part of the Rebuild by Design Hurricane Sandy Competition in 2019. The central idea behind the project is to leverage elevated parklands, floodwalls, berms, and movable floodgates to shield communities and the $500 billion economic sector along the New York shore from the impact of natural disasters. Described by Bjarke Ingels “as the love-child of Robert Moses and Jane Jacobs,"" (Wainwright, 2015) the project represents a major step in the history of flood protection and social encouragement for residents to interact with the New York Dryline.
This project aims to merge the urban planning principles of Jane Jacobs, who advocated for natural growth without demolition, and Robert Moses, who emphasized on redevelopment. It combines innovative ideas with a rich historical background of the city to examine why New York City only responded to natural disasters after a subsequent calamity and whether the city can formulate an all-encompassing strategy for managing natural hazards by drawing on its past experiences. Besides investigating the history of natural disasters in the city, this paper provides a critical evaluation of the proposed adaptation strategies throughout its history.
RESEARCH QUESTION
How has New York City's approach to natural hazards, particularly flooding caused by hurricanes and storm surges, evolved throughout history and what adaptations have been implemented to address these challenges?
Global warming and climate change have led to an increase in the frequency and severity of floods worldwide, with coastal cities and low-lying areas particularly vulnerable. By 2050, the number of people living in cities at risk of coastal flooding and sea-level rise could reach 150 million worldwide. Therefore, learning how to live in permanently flooded cities is essential for maintaining urban areas that would otherwise be uninhabitable.
The study uses a two-way approach combining quantitative and qualitative research to examine the Artex Compound. Quantitative analysis involves examining Google Earth historical maps to identify changes in the physical structure of the area, while qualitative analysis involves gathering information from documentaries and local newspapers to gain insight into the daily lives of residents. The study analyzes changes in typologies such as structures, water, and greenery to explore their correlations and relationships, and uses interviews to understand the residents experiences and perceptions of living in a permanently flooded area.
The results of the historical map study show that flooded urban areas are highly vulnerable to weather events, with significant impacts on greenery and water levels. The positive impact of greenery on the resilience of urban structures highlights the importance of incorporating green infrastructure into urban planning strategies. However, residents of permanently flooded areas face significant challenges, including limited job opportunities and access to clean water. Despite these challenges, many residents choose to stay because it is the only place they can afford to live.
Overall, the study highlights the complex challenges and opportunities of permanent flood cities, and underscores the importance of incorporating resilience and sustainability considerations into urban planning and policymaking. While further research is needed to develop a more nuanced understanding of the livability of permanent flood cities, this study provides a valuable starting point for future investigations.","AR2A011; Permanent flood; Resilience","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:e620d060-7899-4c5e-91f3-25fe08aa1571","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e620d060-7899-4c5e-91f3-25fe08aa1571","Truus Schröder and the Rietveld Schröder House: A critical investigation of the 'woman' in architecture","Hermans, Simone (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","2023-05-20","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:d8dda404-2ea2-4479-b00d-90dc6fd4e889","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d8dda404-2ea2-4479-b00d-90dc6fd4e889","Liberalized or Objectified?: The representation of women in the art of Frances Macdonald during the Art Nouveau Movement","van Balken, Kim (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This research offers an interpretive analysis of Frances Macdonald's artistic portrayal of women during the Art Nouveau movement, with a focus on the evolving societal roles and positions of women. Through a visual analysis of Macdonald's artwork and a review of relevant literature, this thesis argues that her works can be interpreted as an attempt to accurately represent the limitations and struggles faced by women, including herself, during the Art Nouveau era.
Macdonald's portrayal of women in her artwork was often ambiguous, challenging the prevalent archetypes of the Femme Nouvelle and Femme Fatale, which were commonly depicted by male artists during that time. Her artwork depicted women in roles such as lovers, mothers, or sexual beings, often portrayed as unattractive or sexually unavailable. This deviation from the conventional portrayal of women in Art Nouveau art was a deliberate attempt by Macdonald to present a more authentic representation of women's experiences during that era.
This thesis sheds light on the often overlooked position of female artists, like Macdonald, within the artistic world of Art Nouveau. By comparing Macdonald's iconography with the prevalent iconography of Art Nouveau, this research challenges the dominant narrative of Art Nouveau as a reflection of women's emancipation and liberation. The provocative nature of Macdonald’s art, influenced by her affinity with women's rights, highlights her effort to voice a more nuanced understanding of the complexities of women's roles and positions in society.","AR2A011; Female iconography; Art Nouveau; Femme Fatale; Femme Nouvelle; Frances Macdonald; Feminism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:4c9d2b92-712e-45c3-b410-b7571c9b5852","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4c9d2b92-712e-45c3-b410-b7571c9b5852","H-schools as the centre of the neighbourhood in the post-war Netherlands","Zhou, Longyi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Through both the lens of sustainability and current events, particularly the pandemic, there is an increasing awareness of the importance of adaptability and intensive use of buildings. In the Netherlands, one form of adaptability and intensive use emerged in the second half of the 20th century in school buildings. One of the main ideas is that schools should have not only supported various educational functions, but also social functions within their neighbourhoods. These new ideas manifested themselves in the H-schools in Amsterdam-West. Existing literature provides theoretical contexts regarding the H-schools. Through further evidence-based study, this thesis examines in what ways the H-schools in Amsterdam achieve their role as community centres. The findings of this research can be valuable for current day designs and plannings.","AR2A011; Post-war school building; Standardisation; Post-war Neighborhood; Community Centre; Reconstruction; Education architecture; H-schools","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:c5d6ef78-6dce-4c00-aa9e-d40b42554066","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5d6ef78-6dce-4c00-aa9e-d40b42554066","When Regimes Fall Their Statues Fall With Them: The birth, life and death of Lenin in the Republic Square of Yerevan, Armenia","Jamkojian, Houry (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis examines the complex process of memory making and unmaking during Armenia’s early, mid and post-transition periods as a Soviet republic. By positioning the statue of Vladimir Lenin, which once stood at the central square of its capital city, as a focal element of the discourse, this thesis uses the analysis of the bodily interplay between the statue and its viewers to narrate the transitional conditions of each time period. Drawing on multidisciplinary references and archival materials, it identifies key themes that define the main transitional reconfigurations in the three stages of the statue’s lifespan in the center: birth, life and death. By discussing alterations of semiotics, perceptions and emotions, this thesis argues that the statue is not a passive object subject to transformation, but rather a pivotal player in the process of the transformation that in turn plays an important role in the construction and deconstruction of the collective memory.","AR2A011; Collective Memory; Statue; Monument; Performative Memory; Armenia","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","40.177222, 44.511944"
"uuid:878e7800-f27e-43da-97c5-70d626a80261","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:878e7800-f27e-43da-97c5-70d626a80261","Pre-education and meeting: Pedagogical and architectural drivers of the emergence of Basisschool typology through case study: Basisschool Airborne","Dai, Yiying (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In 1980, the Primary Education Act was revised. One of the most important decisions was to combine kindergarten and primary school into a new type of pre and primary education institution: basisschool. In the existing literature, there were few clues about the backgrounds, drivers, and consequences. Was the new type of educational institution beneficial for the growth and development of the children? In addition, the structuralism movement in the architectural field happened simultaneously with the development of kindergarten. It initially aimed at solving the housing crisis but also deeply influenced school building typology. Were the new demands for space brought by school reformation satisfied in structuralism school buildings? The thesis would focus on these two fundamental questions. Through the project Basisschool Airborne designed by structuralist Jan Verhoeven, the thesis would study the logic in structuralism design and the intersections between pedagogical and structuralism theories. During the post-war period, there were resemblances in multiple academic fields. In the research of basisschool, apart from a more comprehensive understanding of developments in both architecture and pedagogy, people can also discover the possibilities for further interdisciplinary research.","AR2A011; Jan Verhoeven; basisschool; Montessori; Pre-education","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5b69df92-4c7e-4350-9c90-33cdb0e3a383","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5b69df92-4c7e-4350-9c90-33cdb0e3a383","Pierre Cuypers & Abraham Salm: Immortalised and forgotten","von Barnau Sythoff, Thijs (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1e5911fb-ea49-46df-be34-21fc463ee0cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1e5911fb-ea49-46df-be34-21fc463ee0cf","House. School. Temple: A critical research about the ideological meanings and messages conveyed by Giuseppe Terragni and his Casa del Fascio in Como between 1936-1945","Domanda, Vittorio (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In recent years, the rise of right-wing ideologies has been a growing concern for me. Across the world, a worrying and alarming increase in support for far-right political parties and movements is taking place. Several signals of a broader shift towards nationalist and populist politics are currently emerging. The recent national elections held between 2021 and 2022 confirmed the rise of right-wing parties such as Alternative for Germany (AfD), the National Front (FN) in France, and Brothers of Italy (Fdl). These political changes have been accompanied by an increase in hate crimes, xenophobia, and anti-immigrant sentiment1.
In addition to that, the current political developments have been followed by a resurgence of neo-fascist and neo-Nazi groups. These radical and extremist parties, supported by the mainstreaming of far-right politics, usually draw on the symbolism and rhetoric of past totalitarian regimes. Also, they often use architecture and public space as a means of advancing their ideology.
This is the case of CasaPound2, an Italian far-right political movement that takes inspiration from Mussolini’s fascist regime. To create a sense of belonging among its members, this party has established a network of community centres and social housing projects across Italy. Their buildings are often decorated with fascist slogans and illustrations: there, everything is designed to evoke a sense of nationalist pride, in the footsteps of the fascist credo. This is clear in CasaPound’s headquarters in the Esquilino neighbourhood of Rome, which were illegally occupied and whose walls were adorned with images and names belonging to fascist history, as shown in Figure 1.
Why are totalitarian regimes still a reference for a certain portion of the spectrum of political parties? What kind of message, dogma and doctrine did they convey so effectively? And how did these regimes, with their diverse ideologies, demonstrate their power to the public? I believe that to influence the culture and the way of thinking of the population, totalitarian authorities controlled the education, knowledge, and arts of the countries they were governing. These leaders took advantage of architecture as a means of pursuing their goals and demonstrating their control over society. From the Nazis, who presumably3 planned the Reichstag fire in 1933 to incriminate the Communists, to Mussolini, who organised the March on Rome in 1922 to ascend to power. The role of the built environment in political and social events of the first half of the 20th century is clear.
As architects, we must problematise architecture’s potential for political extremists, and we must be careful about the messages our projects convey and promote. The ethical responsibility of this profession is at the heart of the dramatic events that have been happening during the last few years. How do we, as architects, advance political agendas and influence the social developments of our countries through our design choices?
By examining the relationships between artistic manifestations in the first half of the 20th century and the legacy of totalitarian regimes, we can better understand the potential dangers of modern political developments. Were architects and architecture victims of political and social upheavals, or were they actively part of the causes that led to the construction of totalitarian regimes?","AR2A011; Terragni; Casa del Fascio; Fascism; Ideology; Italy; Architecture; Como","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","45.812452541269394, 9.085986304715377"
"uuid:71aa3d7c-afdd-465f-bdae-42984b669269","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71aa3d7c-afdd-465f-bdae-42984b669269","Breuer House Iterations: An Analysis of Breuer’s Abstract and Relative Stylistic Development","Scheijde, Jemma (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This study contributes to the understanding of Breuer's architectural style and provides insight into the evolution of modernist architecture in the mid-twentieth century whereby it examines the progression of Marcel Breuer's architectural style using Breuer House I (1939), Breuer House II (1948), and Breuer House, New Canaan II (1951) as case studies. Using Viollet le Duc's conceptual framework of absolute and relative style, Breuer's correspondences from the archive about the project are analysed to classify his style accordingly. Thereafter, a comparison is made between the dwellings to extract his progression. The study finds that Breuer's style is characterised by astute attention to detail, an emphasis on materiality, and a strong economic awareness. Breuer's style also progressed in terms of layout and organisational principles, with a shift towards prioritising all spaces in the dwelling, as opposed to just served spaces.","AR2A011; Marcel Breuer; Analysis; Absolute Style; Relative Style","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:0b38cb23-e308-49a3-a6b9-bb49a27b46ee","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0b38cb23-e308-49a3-a6b9-bb49a27b46ee","On novohrad cemeteries between 1870 - 1910: :the value of symbolism","Martináková, Sabína (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Novohrad cemeteries are a unique peculiarity in the context of cemeteries in Slovakia. Among other tombstones, they stand out for their unusual, very rich ornamentation and colourfulness, set in spaces reminiscent of groves or meadows. Above all, however, they stand out for their use of visual and spatial elements that were no longer common in late 19th-century Christian Slovakia and often belonged to archaisms, seemingly stemming from pre-Christian times. Beyond this physical form, these cemeteries also have an intangible dimension, which stems from their testimonial value about the society of the time and its life within the north-western Novohrad region. It was the circumstances of its historical development and everyday realities that had a significant influence on the creation of these tombstones, as well as on their unusual ornamental decoration.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1d7fc475-38e5-461b-adfd-1015e657cfd2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1d7fc475-38e5-461b-adfd-1015e657cfd2","‘We came to this land to build and be built’: How architecture influenced the formation of national identity of Israel and vice versa","Lewandowska, Julka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Aliyah, the great Jewish migration resulting from popularization of Zionism, brought end to the Jewish diaspora in the form, in which it was known before. The massive migration brought large numbers of new settlers to the area of Palestine with the aim of (re)creating their country – Israel. A new country required new infrastructure, architecture and a new national identity which would unify Jews after 2000 years of diaspora. This paper aims to examinate the interrelations of the last two; architecture and national identity as well as the other, main factors influencing the development of architecture in Israel.
The research is set up around six preselected architects of European background. Each couple represents a different era-style in Israeli architecture. For each of the architects a few buildings will be selected and analyzed for: relations to the architect’s background experiences, upbringing and their period of education, influences from the preexisting architecture of Palestine, adaptation to the local climate new to the European architect, and finally, the State defined laws and trends as a means of building national identity. The paper includes also a discussion regarding the development of Palestinian architecture in context of the Israeli influence.
The analysis is conducted using primary sources, mainly building photographs, but also drawings, diagrams, postcards, street signs and literary sources. Simultaneously, an investigation regarding what role these aforementioned factors played in the process of building the national identity of Israel is supported also by secondary sources – books, articles and journal publications.
The main results suggest high dependence of the Israeli built environment on the State defined laws and trends. A less intense dependence is found in the context of the rest of the factors. As a consequence, however, the built environment and national identity in context of architecture seem to be mainly influenced by the State defined laws and trends and the architecture of Palestine, as the various, individual backgrounds of architects cannot create a uniform identity, while the continuous references towards the Palestinian architecture can.","AR2A011; Jewish immigration to Palestine; architecture; national identity; Israel; Palestine; Jewish-European architects; Zionism in architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:621bf4bf-f163-440f-b15d-6cc60bf65a72","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:621bf4bf-f163-440f-b15d-6cc60bf65a72","Humour in Architecture: An analysis of humorous architectural examples throughout different periods.","Verheij, Maarten (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis examines the role of humour in architectural design. The research question of the thesis is: ‘What can be learned from the integration of humour in architectural design by looking at historical examples?’ Using literary research and case studies from the 1970s to the 2010s, the thesis aims to provide insight into how humour can play a role in architecture. Psychology research on humour can be summarized as the following: humour is usually a result of a violation of expectations, of which a viewer realises that it isn’t excessive in any way. The way architects implement humour in architecture varies greatly. Architectural humour is often used to critique the architectural ideas of that time period. Humour in architecture is mostly considered a rewarding endeavour, but some architects claim that architecture has to be taken seriously; it takes up space and materials and impacts people’s lives directly. In some cases, the humour used by architects also resulted in some people being offended by it, and that is worsened because buildings are long-lasting. In short, humour in architecture can enhance a building, and it should be explored more, both in research and in practice.","AR2A011; Architecture; Psychology; Humour","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f1ec882b-1652-499d-947f-1b1dd8b3560f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f1ec882b-1652-499d-947f-1b1dd8b3560f","Return of the industries as new green hubs: Introducing circular hydrogen landscapes for energy systems in northwest Europe","Ebbers, Rik (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jocker, Florens (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rautela, Preksha (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Valcarcel Wolloh, Ariana (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Katsikis, N. (mentor); Viseu Cardoso, Rodrigo (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Earth is experiencing an increase in global surface temperature due to a significant amount of greenhouse gas emissions, mainly caused by the production of fossil-fuel-based energy using non-renewable resources. The heavy industries, predominantly comprising refineries, are the primary contributors to these emissions. As the primary source of energy for these industries is also fossil-fuel-based, the European Green Deal emphasizes the need for an energy transition. However, renewable energy production requires a large area, and the current energy grids are overloaded due to the lack of energy storage possibilities. A potential solution to the storage issue could be the implementation of green hydrogen. As refineries are expected to be decommissioned soon, hydrogen plants could be established in their locations, repurposing the existing infrastructure of pipelines and storage facilities. These plants would enable circular energy systems, converting hydrogen to energy using the green hydrogen production method of electrolysis, and vice versa, using fuel cells. Moreover, these redevelopments could be implemented on a larger scale, resulting in the creation of a hydrogen backbone in the Eurodelta, connecting the industrial clusters within this area and making the energy system more resilient. For the execution of a hydrogen energy system in the Netherlands, a strategy has been proposed that involves a centralized main hydrogen production and storage zone in the Port of Rotterdam, including new industries with hydrogen input and future high energy-consuming industries. Renewable energy production would be installed using offshore vertical-axis wind turbines and onshore horizontal-axis wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, and biomass. This approach would also allow for the introduction of additional green areas, improving working conditions and air quality for the re-educated industrial workforce. In addition, a second strategy involves the implementation of a decentralized energy system in an agricultural landscape in the Municipality of Zutphen. These exemplary areas can be used as models to implement this idea in similar regions across Northwest Europe. Future research could focus on technological innovations, economic feasibility, and additional limitations of the introduction of hydrogen energy systems, ensuring the return of industries as new green hubs.","Circularity; Hydrogen; Industries; Refineries; Renewable Energy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:80dd615c-5812-4b3b-a5b1-c5d8a054bca4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:80dd615c-5812-4b3b-a5b1-c5d8a054bca4","Architectural Freehand Drawing versus Artificial Intelligence: Analysis of how Human Imagination differs from what AI presently does","Adamczyk, Hanna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Architectural drawing was always a main tool for us – Architects. Transferring thoughts to paper is something that allows us to communicate our ideas and make them more tangible. But the drawing itself has another unique feature – it is always very personal. We all have an extraordinary imagination that allows us to become special creators and designers. However, in the age of new technologies, some people fear being replaced by Artificial Intelligence. Certainly, with its technology, AI can create amazing images and be a powerful tool for architects. How does AI work? Can we say that Artificial Intelligence will win over Human Intelligence? This thesis is conducted in order to explore how the human creative process works, whether AI will actually win out over our imagination, and how, in the end, we can use AI as a tool during design. In this thesis, two sets of free-hand drawings will be produced to analyze its process and the way of thinking. The differences between hand drawings and computer-generated drawings will be analyzed, which will help identify how human imagination differs from what AI presently does. For this purpose, this research will be based on the prompts from the thesis ”Monuments in the AI Age Evaluation of AIGenerated Images in Architecture”, where students were investigating how AI sees different common keywords related to monuments. With a strong belief that hand drawing will be always an irreplaceable tool, reaching for new ones does not have to dominate traditional drawing, but can enrich it.
started becoming flexible, modular, and prompt reflecting on the circumstances. It specifically examines how these practices are shaping the present and the potential impact they may have on the future of architecture, including the possibility of architecture without architects.","AR2A011; Flexible architecture; Metabolism movement; Digitizing architecture; Emergency architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b4eb3a91-2ac0-4235-b7a1-7ad55856bd6e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b4eb3a91-2ac0-4235-b7a1-7ad55856bd6e","The Brutalist Revaluation: A research on the reception of the Dutch béton brut","van Poppel, Rens (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Brutalism has once again become hot and booming. What has reignited the flame of this controversial building style for it to suddenly appear abundantly in pop-culture? Social media, films, perfume, or even Brutalist web design are just a few of the examples that Brutalism is not confined to architectural publications, the Dutch climate being no exception.
The research investigates the history of Brutalism and looks at explanations of academics on this Brutalist comeback. These theories are taken into account when investigating and analysing three Dutch concrete icons: the TU Delft auditorium by Van den Broek & Bakema (1966), the provinciehuis Noord-Brabant by Hugh Maaskant (1971), and the town hall of Terneuzen, also by Van den Broek & Bakema (1972). The reception history of the trio is compared by first looking at newspapers and architectural journals published shortly after their completion, before taking a look at current opinions on the Brutalist designs. Furthermore, this research analyses the phenomenological qualities of the exposed concrete, investigating whether or not this plays an important role in the architectural assessment and possible revaluation.
The research found that the public opinion on the architecture did not alter drastically. The TU Delft auditorium has consistently been regarded as ‘good architecture’. The provinciehuis is a special case, since most biting commentaries of the seventies can be explained by the political and social tensions, which now seem a thing of the past. Here the public opinion seems to have shifted, but the complicated context makes it hard to objectively assess if the building would have met the same resilience, had it not been built many years after its planned construction. A questionnaire on the Terneuzen town hall indicates the phenomenological qualities of concrete can work repellent, yet when confronted with the architecture for a longer period, people recognise its architectural value. This is something of the past and the present. Nowadays, people do regard the building worthy of monument status, but ‘ugly’ is still the common denominator.
Although there is a revaluation going on, one must keep in mind that revaluation just means there is a regained interest and people start to assess the value of something again, be it positive or negative. There are multiple motives for this revaluation. In architecture and literature, it is common for outdated styles from fifty years ago to regain interest. Controversial styles also become subject of academic studies, hoping to shed new light on why they were valued that way. Brutalist architecture now also reaches a point that for many a decision needs to be made whether or not the expensive maintenance costs are worthwhile. With demolition as the alternative, a discussion on heritage listing is inevitable. Social media sees the debate reach the public, stimulating also the non-experts to join the conversation and give their opinion on the architectural values of the built environment.
The paper reflects upon the coastline’s relationship to water, landscape and its surroundings. A critical evaluation of the coastline architecture is undertaken, initially from an ideological and political point of view, followed by an architectural one, discussing the solutions, concepts and overall contextual approach over the frontier area. The tourism-related establishments thoroughly encapsulate social and political success, as well as an architectural significance, justifying their resurrection and relevance on the Romanian coastline, even in contemporary times.","AR2A011; Romania; seaside architecture; socialist modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ada7feec-74db-4d44-9ff5-8f55d13c0f75","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ada7feec-74db-4d44-9ff5-8f55d13c0f75","Early Waldorf school architecture: A study of the design of The Vrije School, The Hague","Kapoor, Vrinda (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis provides an historical overview of the development of anthroposophy in the Netherlands and its impact on school architecture, with a specific focus on the Vrije School in The Hague. Through primary and secondary source analysis, the paper explores the origin of anthroposophy and the Waldorf education system, the influence of anthroposophy on architecture and design, the spread of the anthroposophical movement in the Netherlands and the establishment of the first Waldorf School in the Hague. Further it investigates the key principles and features of anthroposophical design found in school architecture practice during the early spread of the movement. It explores anthroposophical school design as organic architecture, which communicates with people on an emotional, psychological, mental, moral, and spiritual level. The case study of the Vrije School allows for a better understanding of the application of anthroposophical principles in school architecture, including the school's L-shaped floor plan, the use of organic forms and colors, and the careful consideration given to supporting the Waldorf education system. Overall, this research highlights the course of events that led to the development of anthroposophy and the Waldorf education system in the Netherlands and formed important motives behind the design of the Vrije School.
Suppose this research has shown that there is a rhythm in the use of materials, brick bonds, rod divisions, roof mouldings, etc. can provide a guideline for restoration architects in Middelburg. The expectation is that many historic buildings have been restored to the original destroyed building. The city centre still has a historic character with old ornaments. Even though the city was destroyed, its romantic, characteristic appearance has been retained. Therefore during the case study it is expected that many elements of the destroyed facades have been restored to the new facade.
The two medieval castles on both edges of the valley create a truly beautiful scenery, however the development of the mega project had major impact on local communities, heritage and the environment. This thesis concentrates on the area that has been flooded as a consequence of this structure. To be able to have a particular example for analysis of the cultural and social phenomenon involved with the flooding of the entire settlement, the village of Maniowy is introduced as a case study. As a result of the construction, the whole population had to be relocated, this resulted in an in-depth documentation of the displacement process.","AR2A011; Czorsztyn; Maniowy; Flooding; Dam","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:71eb9881-399e-448c-afb2-657c7eb2bd76","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71eb9881-399e-448c-afb2-657c7eb2bd76","The history behind ceramics: Historical study of Royal Delft ceramics factory building complex","Yun, Xiang (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The factory office building at Rotterdonseweg 196 is part of the porcelain company Koninklijke Porceleyne (Royal Delft). It is registered as national monument 525284 and is part of the three-part monument complex 525283. It is located between Rotterdamseweg and Delfteski in Delft. In the past, the factory occupied a larger area of land than it does today, but after the Second World War all its land was reduced by more than half. The building plot consists mainly of the factory buildings, office buildings and an atrium garden. The ceramics gallery in the atrium garden helped Royal Delft to win the first prize at the Paris World Exhibition in 1900. The main office building and factory building were built around 1930 and in 2016 Iprocom and entenwacht Zuid-Holland carried out a complete architectural restoration of the office building.","AR2A011; architectural ceramics; building complex; royal Delft","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:fd98fe81-465a-461b-b4e2-e11be4bd66b4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fd98fe81-465a-461b-b4e2-e11be4bd66b4","Port City Evolution: The History of Kuching's Urban Morphology as a Colonial Entrepot","Amanda Hwa De Ai, Amanda (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History, Form & Aesthetics)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis examines the impact of colonialism on the urban development of Kuching, a city in Sarawak, Malaysia. Many port cities in the greater Southeast Asia region were born from their strategic location along the trade route between India and China, which attracted Western powers to establish control over these coastal entrepots and their natural resources. As a result, the ruling class imported foreign cultures and urban planning templates from their home country to facilitate their governance over the colonies, traced from the urban morphology of present-day city centres.
Compared to other colonial cities in Peninsular Malaysia, Kuching gained little attention from scholars and historians due to its less significant location on the periphery of the British Crown Colonies. Analysis of archival maps and first-account sources revealed the growth of Kuching from a riverine settlement to a vibrant port city under the governance of the Brooke administration, founded by Sir James Brooke and succeeded by his bloodline. Since the White Rajahs enjoyed more autonomy from the British regime during their rule, they adopted a hybrid approach to urban planning by incorporating local settlement patterns within the city’s expansion. The result is a collage of formal and informal forms in Kuching’s urban fabric, reflecting the vernacular qualities of its multicultural population.
Beyond direct influences on urban morphology, there are remnants of colonial themes within the economy, social structures, and future planning strategies of post-independence Kuching. The heavy focus on commercial activities around the Sarawak River port during the early 20th century resulted in underdeveloped secondary industries and an influx in rural-to-urban migration, with lasting impacts still visible today. Moreover, colonial social engineering - most apparent in land tenure legislation, created biased perceptions of political space and racially segregated enclaves. Anthony D. King (1977) also traced the export mechanism of Western urban planning from educational institutions and planning bureaus left behind by colonial powers after granting colonies their independence.
Overall, the research highlights the impacts of Western ideals in post-colonial Kuching and the growing awareness to preserve its rich cultural heritage as a port city. This study aims to contribute to the ongoing discussion on urbanism in growing societies and provide valuable insights for urban planners, policymakers, and researchers.
Creating freshly reclaimed land into a municipality and multiple towns is quite a unique situation. Since this was the case in Flevoland, a new piece of land without any history, people came from all over the country to start a new living environment and community. Starting a new society gives accordingly the opportunity to do things completely different, whether the possibility exist that new residents take old habits and values with them. Therefore it is interesting to gain more insight in how issues such as social cohesion are taken into account by the planning, designing and development of a new municipality and a town such as Dronten. Based on this topic, the following research question for the thesis arises: To what extend is social cohesion recognisable in the spatial planning and urban designs of the period 1950 until the 1980 of municipality and ‘new town’ Dronten?
The work of theorists of the spatial turn are used to study the weight and significance of space and the differentiations within the broad concept of space. The interactions between those spaces are acknowledged to be anchored to all individuals, who then influence that cycle of information exchange. Moreover, within the frame of the focus on trans-generational relationships so specific to this novel, the dimension of time is questioned in relation to space. By compressing and expanding the traditional conceptions of time and space, depending on the openness or far-awayness of an individual towards a memory, the growing line of history reveals either nothing, or everything. In the case of the latter, collective memory is built, starting from an individual illumination to see the hidden process, projecting imagined spaces into spaces of memory and therefore erasing the division between reality and fiction.
The thesis concludes that what is generally called as the perceived physical environment is argued to be: a formation of sets of points of which the time and space coordinates can be modified trough fiction.","AR2A011; postmemory; ficto-criticism; collective memory; geocriticism; cultural identity; transgenerational trauma; Jonathan Safran Foer","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:6bfc78ed-58c4-4131-97b4-a295645e7820","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6bfc78ed-58c4-4131-97b4-a295645e7820","Reconstructing Emmerich`s history during and after the World War: A study on the reconstruction of a destroyed German city and its people","Dormann, Jan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Research focussed on the events and transformation Emmerich, Germany, and its built environment have gone through during and since World War 2. Reporting on the events and its development through the means of contemporary records and the accounts of witness of the time.","AR2A011; Reconstruction; Germany","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:893d45cc-be86-4484-bfba-bbf44bf8d11c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:893d45cc-be86-4484-bfba-bbf44bf8d11c","Adapting brutalist buildings: A historical research how brutalist buildings evolved after their completion","van Haren, Nolan van Haren (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Brutalist buildings have, until recently, been loved by few. As a result, many Brutalist buildings have fallen into disrepair, and some have even been demolished. Nowadays, many suggestions are made about how these brutalist buildings can be restored and future-proofed. This research looks at Brutalist buildings that have been transformed since their construction to ensure their survival. This will provide the inspiration needed for future renovations of brutalist buildings.
The main research question of this thesis is: “How did brutalist buildings adapt after being built over time?”. Using the Aula of the TU Delft as the case study project, this question is answered. The Aula by Van den Broek en Bakema, a Dutch architecture firm, since its completion has seen two major renovations. Once in 1991 by Evert Kleijer, and later by Mecanoo in 1998. These two alterations vary in size, impact, and success, which makes it a perfect project to analyse.
These alterations have had an impact on the brutalist essence of the building. The first one altered the exterior view, but through the usage of similar materials, and gravitating towards original design ideas, had minimal negative impact on the brutalist feeling of the Aula. The second alteration, on the other hand, destroyed key design concepts in the interior whilst also clashing with the original materials, shapes, and construction methods and caused major damage to the brutalist essence of the building. The research highlights the importance of respecting the original design concepts and the essence of a building when making alterations.
The research is intended to detect which brutalist design characteristics have a relevance for contemporary building culture. This is done by investigating and comparing design characteristics of the two brutalist buildings; the University Aula and the Saint John’s Abbey. Both buildings have been selected for this research because of their clear referencing to brutalist architecture. The comparison of these buildings is made because the function of both buildings demand space for large groups of visitors.
An objective architectural analysis of design characteristics is executed with drawings retrieved from the Marcel Breuer Digital Archive (n.d.), Het Nieuwe Instituut in Rotterdam and the TU Delft Academic Heritage archive. This analysis will be held on both brutalist buildings to discover which parts of each design specifically are more valuable and which parts are less well developed. Subsequently, in case of overlapping proper design characteristics, statements can be made regarding which architectural or compositional decisions that have been made are tied to a particular effect on the sensory and spatial experience. These statements made in the comparison will lead to a grounded conclusion on characteristics of brutalist architecture that are potentially instructive for contemporary building culture.
Working with the axiom that the technics of production are definitive of the cognitive framework of the architectural process, concepts such as orthography, post-orthography, pseudo-orthography, and the kind of time and space axonometries are being conceived in are of central importance. The aim of the paper is to raise awareness of the technological framework of contemporary architectural labour, and to suggest different modes of practice through the analysis of the effect of technics on the intervening mediums of architecture.
A closer look at the history of axonometry reveals how intertwined it is with our conception of space; in this regard, the virtual space of computers can be seen as the continuation of the space of descriptive geometry in the enlightement. A greater awareness and appropriation of digital technics, however, is indispensable for the success of the discipline: internally, adapting architecture's representational conventions could lead to less time wasted and thus better working conditions, while externally, a better engagement with the virtual is needed to regain its spatial-sociological agency.","AR2A011; Axonometry; Technics; Representation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:2fcba5c4-9f78-48a8-b813-4f74828ad109","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2fcba5c4-9f78-48a8-b813-4f74828ad109","The Rise and Fall of Winkelcentrum Schalkwijk","Koeckhoven, Stephan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","A quick overview on the esteblishment, reaction and future developments of Winkelcentrum Schalkwijk in Haarlem.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR1A066",""
"uuid:c7657b58-7218-4428-9bfd-4c6fb900faa5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c7657b58-7218-4428-9bfd-4c6fb900faa5","How has “Superdutch” influenced public building design in Taiwan through international competitions?","Teng, Shih-hui (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This thesis investigates the phenomenon of Taiwanese preference for Dutch architects in public building design. The study aims to identify the reasons behind this trend and analyze the impact of the Superdutch approach on the design of public buildings in Taiwan. To achieve this goal, the historical evolution of public architecture in Taiwan is examined alongside the emergence of Superdutch architects. The Taiwanese government's push for cultural infrastructure investment has resulted in an increase in international competitions for public building designs, with a significant number of Dutch architects winning these competitions. The study examines the effects of these competitions and the resulting designs on Taiwan's architectural landscape.
Three projects designed by Superdutch architects are analyzed for their design features, publicness, and impact on the urban environment, along with information on the second-place entries in the competitions. The study concludes that the Netherlands' unique landscape, the culture of collaboration, and academically-rigorous education may have contributed to its prominence in modern architecture and urban design. The Superdutch approach, introduced to Taiwan through international competitions, has played a role in shaping Taiwan's urban landscape and has facilitated cultural exchange and indirectly the development of local architects. The study provides insights into the effects of international competitions on public building design and emphasizes the importance of collaboration and cultural exchange in shaping the future of architecture in Taiwan.","AR2A011; Superdutch; Taiwan; Competition; Pubclic architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ffffbff0-2a03-48ae-b23b-57c5903d6ef5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ffffbff0-2a03-48ae-b23b-57c5903d6ef5","Building a legacy brick by brick: The Metzelaars contribution to courthouse architecture in the Netherlands during the 19th and 20th century","van Wouw, Maud (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The architectural history thesis ""Building a legacy brick by brick: The Metzelaars contribution to Courthouse Architecture in the Netherlands during the 19th and 20th Century"" investigates the impact of Johan Frederik Metzelaar and Willem Cornelis Metzelaar on the design and construction of courthouses in the Netherlands. The thesis poses the research question, ""What did father and son Metzelaar contribute to courthouse architecture in the Netherlands?"" The four case studies in this thesis delve into the design and history of courthouses, examining the architectural style, spatial program, layout, and function of the buildings. Additionally, the research considers the historical context in which the Metzelaars worked, including the architecture style debate of the 19th century.
The study fills a gap in the literature on the Metzelaars and their impact on courthouse architecture using a combination of primary and secondary literature, archival research, and site visits.
Overall, this thesis provides valuable insights into the evolution of courthouse architecture in the Netherlands during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It highlights the role of the Metzelaars in shaping the architectural landscape of the country, while also providing a historical context for their work.","AR2A011; J.F. Metzelaar; W.C. Metzelaar; Courthouse Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:12971444-950c-4e29-a614-25b6295f7dec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:12971444-950c-4e29-a614-25b6295f7dec","The Basilica of Sacré Coeur de Montmartre as a historical monument","Graaf, Mattia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Contested heritage has become a topic of significant importance in recent years, particularly in preserving historical monuments. This thesis examines the challenges of contested heritage through the case study of the Basilica of Sacré-Coeur de Montmartre, a religious monument recently recognised as a historical building despite its controversial past. Drawing on a variety of sources, including historical research, interviews, documentaries, and articles, the thesis seeks to address several questions related to the justification of recognising the Basilica as a historical monument, the impact of changing norms and values over time, and the role of social and political factors in the preservation of historical monuments. By exploring the various aspects of the Basilica’s history, significance, and contested heritage, this thesis contributes to a broader understanding of the challenges in preserving historical monuments while acknowledging their complexities. Furthermore, it provides insights to inform future preservation efforts and promote a more nuanced understanding of contested heritage.","AR2A011; Contested Heritage; Sacre Coeur","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","48.8867,2.3431"
"uuid:3abe71ae-17d6-4281-968e-302f7413be68","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3abe71ae-17d6-4281-968e-302f7413be68","Post-war gems along Wibautstraat: An overview of the historical architecture in Wibautstraat","Kourchine, Aljona (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Unfortunately a lot of post-war buildings are considered space makers for newly builds, due to current norms and regulations. This results in demolition, which is harmful with the ever changing taste in architecture. A lot of public buildings along the Wibautstraat originate from after the second world war. These Post-war buildings correspond to social and economic events throughout history and represent their architectural zeitgeist. This research will look at the correlation between the urban development of Wibautstraat and the public buildings along the street. Answering the question: How did architecture contribute to reshaping Wibautstraat over the years?
Several architectural movements were accruing in the street after the war. For example upcoming functional architecture which was contradicting to traditional architecture, popular in the 50’s, and later on modern architecture, which was popular in the 60’s. Municipal institutions were placed at the head of Wibautstraat, creating a grand allure within the street, creating a monumental gate into the city centre. This was then followed by a rising economical situation using space for more office buildings, creating the iconic newspaper district on the other side of the street in the 70’s. The office buildings contributed to the increase of traffic on the Wibautstraat, resulting in the first drastic urban changes. As a reaction to the unsatisfaction of inhabitants about the municipal shifted their focus on providing social housing. The introduction of the new underground metro line was connecting the city centre with surrounding neighbourhoods and help to regulate the upcoming traffic. But unfortunately it had negative effects on the street image in the 80’s and 90’s. Entering the 2000, a new, and bigger, plan was presented to transform Wibautstraat and replace that negative image. This was done by introducing new functions, like the HvA Campus and hotels, along the street and providing a cohesive look by adding greenery. The current municipal plans, in which Wibautstraat contributes, provide the opportunity to participate in experimental projects like Knowledge Mile, since 2021. This plan will introduce new methods and ideas for making the existing city green. With these educational projects the municipality wants to create Kenniskwartieren for advocating future developments in Amsterdam. Wibautstraat does not only provide for a direct road connection, but also introduces a pleasant neighbourhood with a green boulevard
Every new pandemic, epidemic, or outbreak of a contagious disease reveals and targets a unique element of urban planning and architecture. This thesis explores how public health has been present throughout the history of urban planning and changes, examining the relationship between them and how it has impacted the transformation of the City of Amsterdam.","AR2A011; Public health; Urban Transformations; Epidemics; Healthy living environment","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.377956, 4.897070"
"uuid:a91448fa-5a7d-49d3-ae2c-020c7dbaf162","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a91448fa-5a7d-49d3-ae2c-020c7dbaf162","Voices, values, and the urban village: An imagined roundtable for Cha Kwo Ling","Go, Yi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In 2022, the Outline Zoning Plan S/K15/27 was approved by the Hong Kong Government, confirming the demolition of Cha Kwo Ling Village (hereinafter: CKL Village) for high-density residential development. The fate of CKL Village and the responses it instigated raises how various stakeholders value the same space differently, but lack a sufficiently comprehensive framework and inclusive, common platform to express and negotiate them. Consequently, the unarticulated heritage assets often become subordinate to urban development.
Thus, this thesis analyses four perspectives - namely the Government, the Developer, the Villager, and the Hong Konger - to understand their respective valuations of CKL Village, and whether there are potentials amidst their similarities and differences. In academia, these perspectives have previously been addressed in relation to Hong Kong's heritage; but since the Anti-Extradition Law Movement (2019), there is a need to renew the understanding of these societal stakeholders and their motivations.
Thus, this thesis serves as a theoretical rehearsal of gathering and aligning different voices, utilising UNESCO's values and attributes framework, and resonating with the first two steps of the Historic Urban Landscape concept.
In doing so, the thesis presents two key critiques against the Hong Kong Government's current heritage mechanism. Firstly, the underlying monument-based approach that fails to address heritage assets in the form of groups and landscapes. Secondly, the reluctance to engage with the existing communities who currently occupy the heritage. Finally, as the thesis framework has revealed specific and different interests for each perspective, it calls for an active negotiation between them, beyond the scope of thesis writing.","AR2A011; Heritage; Historic Urban Landscape; Perspectives; Hong Kong; Values & Attributes; Cha Kwo Ling Village","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","22.300190, 114.228806"
"uuid:44d170c8-fd54-4d07-abba-37e1fa3ae7d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:44d170c8-fd54-4d07-abba-37e1fa3ae7d4","Woningen in de derde en vierde uitleg van Amsterdam: Het verband tussen de woningen en de percelen, en de uitleggen zelf","Besselsen, Rianne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rutte, R.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The city of Amsterdam was steadily expanding and Jacob van Deventer's minute map from 1560, shows that people were already settling outside the ramparts and along the Amstel River. Something had to be done. The city council decided to expand the city several times. This report focuses on amsterdam's third and fourth extensions and how the chosen houses and plots relate to the extensions in which the houses were built.","Amsterdam; Housing; Plots; Expansion; Third; Fourth","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:7015b27b-c16a-49a3-bf44-1a45f66b4d70","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7015b27b-c16a-49a3-bf44-1a45f66b4d70","Living in V&D Department Stores: A Dive into the History to Research th Transformation and re-use of V&D Department Stores to residential buildings","Ligthart, Britt (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Teunissen, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","V&D; heritage & architecture; department stores; Residential Typology; transformation; history thesis; Department stores in Europe","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:74e2b156-b44a-4073-a1a4-7e8112d59146","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:74e2b156-b44a-4073-a1a4-7e8112d59146","Cloud Forest Hydrology in a Changing Context: An Approach to understanding the impact of CLimate Change and Deforestation on the Water Balance of the Sierra Yalijux, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala","Arias Agudelo, Diana (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Bulsing, Femke (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Schrijver, Jelle (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Luger, Maxine (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Cahill, Linnaea (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Pande, S. (mentor); Schleiss, M.A. (graduation committee); van de Wiel, B.J.H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This project is a consulting project for Community Cloud Forest Conservation (CCFC) on how to obtain and communicate to relevant stakeholders an understanding of the impact of land use change and climate change on the hydrological balance of the cloud forest ecosystem in the Sierra Yalijux. The outcomes of the project will be used by CCFC and partners in four areas: Rural water committee capacity building with municipal and village leadership groups, environmental education with the ministry of education, reforestation, and conservation carbon/water credit prioritization with the national forestry institute, and to create thesis topics for bachelors level students with Universidad Rafael Landívar and Universidad de San Carlos. In order to achieve this goal, we divided our efforts in four areas: First, a description of the situation and a review of literature to identify gaps in scientific and practical understanding of local cloud forest hydrology (Chapter 2). Second, an analysis of the situation at a regional scale using publicly available historical data such as remote sensing data and data from the national meteorological authority (Chapter 3). Third, identifying important hydrological processes in the Cloud Forest micro-climate (Chapter 4) and prototyping and testing measurement setups (Chapter 5). Fourth, making suggestions on how to apply the results to the intended impact areas that CCFC has (Chapter 6). Our recommendations to CCFC for capacity building with water committees are based on a literature re view, we found that the presence of Cloud Forest is expected to increase base flow in springs due to its ability to capture additional hydrological inputs in the dry season, increase moisture recycling after heavy rain events, and store water in the soil. We recommend working with water committees to outline the recharge zones of their springs, run some simple calculations on water availability based on precipitation, and develop manage ment plans for the area. Our recommendations for further research are based on the research approaches we describe at the regional scale and the prototyping of field methodologies that we tested. A more permanent setup for data collection is being developed jointly with the Universidad de San Carlos at CCFC’s nature preserve.","Cloud Forest; Tropical Climate; Hydrological cycle; Fog Interception; Climate change","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","","15.365106,-90.364299"
"uuid:7e54098f-87dc-4dec-afac-e31125558939","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e54098f-87dc-4dec-afac-e31125558939","Developing fieldwork experiments for water resources students of Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Vietnam","van der Lek, Kristian (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Geenen, Pieter (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Alten, Marijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Nelemans, Peter (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); Mai Van, C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment, Hanoi (degree granting institution)","2023","The study of water is without question an important one. We can learn a lot by studying the theory but in the end, it is essential to actually go out into the field and see the hydrological processes in practice for ourselves. The educational value of fieldwork lies not only in seeing theory become reality but also in experiencing the difficulties and limitations of gathering data first-hand.
The water resources department of the Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment (HUNRE) wanted to expand its curriculum with a fieldwork excursion that will be part of three courses related to surface water, groundwater, and water quality. During our ten weeks in Vietnam, we assisted the teaching staff of the Water Management faculty in the development of these courses. We selected multiple experiments and found suitable locations for their execution, about a three-hour drive from the university. Several times we visited the fieldwork site together with students and teachers to explore the catchment, perform experiments, and gather data. For every experiment, a comprehensive manual was written with accompanying assignments and sheets tailor-made for the fieldwork excursion. All manuals are combined into a practical document that can be brought into the field.
The experiments require a wide variety of specific pieces of equipment. Most but not all of these were present at the university. With financial support from the Orange Knowledge Project (OKP), we were able to repair existing equipment and acquire new equipment that was lacking in order to facilitate the experiments that were deemed essential. We also re-organized part of the water lab where all equipment is stored to improve the equipment’s maintenance and organization.
With the completion of this project, we believe to have made a contribution to the improvement of the quality of education at HUNRE. We hope that a lot of students can benefit from our efforts as they go on the fieldwork excursion in the coming years.","Fieldwork; Water Resources; Practical","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","Climate Proof Vietnam",""
"uuid:911ed639-286d-41ec-9de7-63fc8a818ee8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:911ed639-286d-41ec-9de7-63fc8a818ee8","From algae to thread: A deep dive into a circular textile industry","Ikink, Cecile (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Samulionytė, Greta (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); So, Yoshi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Zhao, Yuwei (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jin, Yuzhou (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Viseu Cardoso, Rodrigo (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Plastic is one of the most visibly polluting elements in our environment. From big plastic accumulation zones at sea to microplastic entering our everyday drinking water, plastic is becoming a more evident pollutant every day, which is damaging ecosystems, marine life and human health.
This paper will envision a possible solution for plastic pollution in North West Europe, through the retrieval and recycling of plastic, and by proposing an alternative for plastics in the current textile industry; algae. The strategy of this project aims to create a more circular and local economy by envisioning how substituting bio-plastics in a specific industry can be a solution towards minimising overall plastic pollution.
Drawing on climate change as an environmental impactor; algae bloom, which is seen as a negative climate change product, will in this project become a catalyst for a change within the textile industry by making bioplastics.
Through introducing a new perspective on how the relationship between consumer hubs and production hubs could be adjusted to become more sustainable, this project aims to showcase a solution that could be implemented in other areas with plastic pollution, by taking North-West Europe as a test case. Simultaneously, the project aims to pinpoint how crisis can become an opportunity in times like these.
The ongoing intensive agricultural practices have contaminated air, soil, and water, while their market- driven character disallows the emergence of locality and circularity, exploiting workers and small-scale farmers, and disrupting the social welfare of the countryside. This system is analysed through the lenses of ecology, economy, and society, highlighting the problematic character of the Lowlands of North-West Europe, due to the immense sprawl of degenerative agriculture practices, as well as the small and fragmented network of ecosystem-valuable spaces.
Following the most urgent climate-change scenario from the IPCC report, we will attempt the transition from a degenerative system towards a regenerative one, based on the pillars of ecosystem restoration, ensuring food security through sustainable means, and the shift towards regenerative agriculture practices. Concerns about spatial justice permeate all pillars horizontally, to ensure the socio- spatial regeneration of the countryside.
To transition towards our vision, the strategy is approached through a series of interconnected key projects. The formation of a pan-European network of tree nurseries ensures the necessary capital of seedlings for reforestation and agroforestry practices, while a trans-border policy zone can integrate conservation and agriculture, enhancing the connectivity between ecosystems. The greenhouse zone of Westland is experimented upon, aiming towards the development of a replicable model of sustainably intensive food production model. These strategic interventions are underlined by a policy framework, stressing the liveability of the Lowlands for all rural dwellers, farmers, and workers, through access to services, education, and housing. Through this experimentation we hope to have highlighted that the examination of the countryside needs to be intrinsically tied to any effort of envisioning a future of climate- change mitigation and socio-ecological regeneration.
Rising temperatures and sea levels, changes in ocean currents, and more frequent and intense storms are all likely to have negative impacts on sea turtles [2]. Without intervention, climate change could lead to the disappearance or flooding of sea turtle nesting beaches, resulting in a loss of critical habitat for
these creatures. To prevent such an outcome, it is imperative to gain a deeper understanding of the morphological and hydrodynamic characteristics of nesting beaches, as well as identify the factors that influence sea turtle nesting behavior.
This study aimed to identify and map the critical factors that must be considered to ensure persistence of the olive ridley sea turtle and arribadas at Playa del Ostional, Costa Rica. The objectives of this research were, therefore, (1) to map the seasonal morphological and hydrodynamical differences of the arribada nesting beach, (2) to identify the environmental parameters that have the greatest influence on the occurrence of an arribada, and (3) to map out the stakeholders involved. The study site is the beach that ranges from the northernmost part of Playa del Ostional down to the southernmost part of Playa Nosara, which is located on the northern peninsula at the west coast of Costa Rica. The part at Playa del Ostional where most turtles nest is called ‘Main Nesting Beach’ (MNB). A field investigation was carried out to determine the seasonal morphological and hydrodynamical differences of the nesting beach. This field study comprised of two distinct components: (1) a characterization of the morpho- and hydrodynamics of Playa del Ostional in the dry season, and (2) a comparative analysis of these conditions during the wet and dry season. The morpho- and hydrodynamic beach characteristics consisted of the beach profile, sediment composition, hydrodynamic properties and other general environmental characteristics, such as vegetation and nearby rivers. The beach profile was measured by walking transects perpendicular to the shoreline using RTK-GPS equipment. Moreover, a drone was flown that made an orthophoto and collected 30 million data points. The difference in sediment composition was analyzed by obtaining sediment samples in the dry season, sieving these and comparing the obtained particle size distributions and D50 values of the dry and wet season. The hydrodynamical properties and the other general environmental characteristics are analyzed by means of literature review, observations and photography. In order to identify the environmental parameters that have the greatest influence on the occurrence on an arribada, an autoregressive logistic regression model was used. The model that was made the previous research of 2022, was updated and automated. Also, design choices of the model were made and new data was added.
To map out the stakeholders, interviews have been conducted and a stakeholder map was created. Through the use of GPS transects the beach profiles taken in dry season (February 2023) were compared to wet season (October 2022). To tackle normal spacial variance the comparison is done through the calculation of averages on three beach stretches with equal characteristics. Main findings were that beach width is equal in both seasons, slopes are more gradual in dry season, beach plateaus are on average 3.0m wider in wet season. Crossing rivers do not influence the beach profile below waterline in the dry season. For more river characteristic more offshore research is needed. The sediment composition of the beach turned out to show significant differences between the dry and wet season. A significant difference is present in D50 values between the dry and wet season for almost all sediment samples. Moreover, during the wet season, the sediment tends to be coarser compared to the dry season. Additionally, during the dry season, coarser sediment tends to accumulate at the top of the slope, whereas during the wet season, coarser sediment accumulates near the waterline. These observations suggest that coarse sediment may move from areas close to the waterline to the submerged part of the slope over time. This behavior implies that sediment transportation is affected by the seasonal fluctuations in wave energy. The findings altogether indicate that the sediment composition at Playa del Ostional, particularly at Main Nesting Beach, is notably affected by seasonal changes. The impact is more pronounced from the low tide waterline to the high waterline’s end at the top of the slope, with a particular emphasis on the low tide waterline. The wave climate surrounding Playa del Ostional is expected to be less turbulent, with lower wave energy during the dry season. However, the exact distinctions in both wave climate and tidal surroundings between the two seasons cannot be ascertained due to inadequate data availability.
The different stretches of Playa del Ostional demonstrate notable differences in environmental characteristics during the wet and dry seasons. The majority of rivers that flow out during the wet season are absent during the dry season. In addition, a beach scarp appeared during the dry season and not during
the wet season, and an estuary that was observed in the dry season was not reported during the wet season research. On the other hand, the beach is mostly surrounded by vegetation in both seasons, with comparable grass and trees. Moreover, no significant difference in wildlife presence was observed
between the dry and wet seasons at Playa del Ostional.
The autoregressive logistic regression model was trained on five year of arribada data and 116 individual environmental parameters. The weights of the parameters were plotted and analysed in multiple groups. This resulted in six parameters with the biggest influence: pdTIDE_P1, pdTIDE_mf, pdVELOCITY_IHC_rho, pdVELOCITY_IHC_rho, Mooncycle_third and Moon_v. The maximum probability of an arribada occurring during a certain day was 80%.
By conducting interviews and conducting a stakeholder analysis, the degree of awareness about climate change is assessed and mapped out, which appears to be quite high. The residents of Ostional are aware of the changes and willing to work in new projects. Moreover, the analysis showed that it is important to
engage with two key stakeholders: the Refugio Nacional de Vida Silvestre Ostional and CITES.","Ostional; Turtles; Nesting; Arribada; Costa Rica; Logistic regression; Stakeholder analysis; Fieldwork","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:7a0a095b-00e5-4609-abc9-3d412cdc6c52","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7a0a095b-00e5-4609-abc9-3d412cdc6c52","Possibilities for treating produced water with ceramic membranes","Zhou, Hanxiao (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Heijman, Sebastiaan (mentor); Qin, G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Constant flux MF/UF filtration is preferred in real-world applications because it
provides more consistent permeate flow rates than fixed transmembrane pressure studies. Particularly, little is understood about the fouling of ceramic membranes in constant flux filtration modes by nano-sized O/W emulsions. In this study, the effects of emulsion chemistry containing pH, different surfactants, as well as salinity on the alumina and SiC deposited ceramic UF membranes with various physicochemical surface properties in the constant flux mode were compared.
This thesis examines the redevelopment of Rijnhaven, a sub-area of the large-scale development project Stadshavens (CityPorts) in Rotterdam and answers the research question: Has the initial vision for the Rijnhaven been incorporated into the newest plans? It starts with setting the context of the Port of Rotterdam and its history of redevelopment. Then, it delves into both masterplans to lay the foundation for the comparative analyses. This analysis focuses around the original five perspectives and researches whether they persevered in the latest masterplan. Three of the five original perspectives are on a path to realization and this thesis concludes that the majority of the 2008 vision has persevered.","AR2A011; urban redevelopment; urban planning vision; port-city; Stadshavens; Masterplan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:07667ea9-bcf2-4ac0-a5bc-4e84d155d84a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:07667ea9-bcf2-4ac0-a5bc-4e84d155d84a","The paradox of a modernist craftsman: Marcel Breuer - the mass-produced craftsman masterpiece","Mirova, Hristiyana (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architecture; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Marcel Breuer is an iconic figure not only in the world of architecture but also in design. The interesting turn in his career and his professional journey from a craftsman to a designer and later to an architect gives a very good example of the important role of craft in architecture. The following paper analyses selected projects from the different periods of his career development. A red thread is defined through the years in terms of design approach and style. His work is analysed and used as a starting point on a discussion about the current architectural development. The paper offers interesting comparative analysis and conclusions about the place of art and craft in architecture nowadays and the existing paradox between it and the industrialization and mass production taking place.","AR2A011; craft; Architecture; mass production; Bauhaus; Breuer; modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:9547a721-45d1-48b9-8c95-7f4b9a6adf25","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9547a721-45d1-48b9-8c95-7f4b9a6adf25","The Disappearance of the Ornament","Chhanai, Rohan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, there was a significant decline in the use of ornamentation in architecture. Louis Sullivan and Adolf Loos were two architects who had contrasting views on the use of ornaments in the beginning of modern architecture. This research explores how Louis Sullivan's and Adolf Loos' views on ornamentation influenced modern architecture. The findings of this study can be used by architects to understand the trend of ornamentation in architecture and why it has largely disappeared to this day. The main research question is ""How did Louis Sullivan’s and Adolf Loos’ views on ornaments in architecture influence modern architecture?"". The study conducts qualitative literature research on the theoretical writings of Sullivan and Loos and analyses two modern architectural works that exemplify the influence of their ideas on ornamentation: the Guaranty Building (1896) by Louis Sullivan and the Looshaus (1911) by Adolf Loos. The results show that Sullivan used ornamentation to enhance the expression of the function and purpose of the building, while Loos saw ornamentation as a sign of degeneration in modern architecture and opted for simplicity. The emphasis on functionality by Sullivan and Loos inspired modernist architects to design radically functional buildings, which led to the disappearance of ornamentation in the early 20th century.","AR2A011; Ornament; Loos; Sullivan; Modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:4343c799-d1c7-4cbc-8c11-79d6b4623a25","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4343c799-d1c7-4cbc-8c11-79d6b4623a25","Countergradient momentum flux in the presence of rolls in the atmospheric boundary layer","Mak, Ho Yi Lydia (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","de Roode, S.R. (mentor); Jansson, F.R. (mentor); Nuijens, Louise (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In the atmospheric boundary layer, when surface heat flux is small and mean wind shear is strong, horizontal convective rolls that are elongated along the wind shear are formed. This study attempts to explain the asymmetry of rolls in terms of turbulence using large-eddy simulations. A pressure gradient in the north-south y direction is applied, which results in an east-west geostrophic wind. It is shown that the turbulent kinetic energy components in the x and y directions are not equal when rolls develop. In addition, a countergradient regime is present for vertical momentum flux in the y direction in convective boundary layer with rolls. In the countergradient regime, the wind variance in the y direction is destroyed, contrary to being produced in the x direction. The presence of a countergradient regime for v'w' but not u'w' suggests that the eddy viscosity in the x and y directions would be rather different, and even become negative for v'w'. Thus, the existing parameterization scheme in global atmospheric models may need to be modified. However, the design of an improved parameterization scheme is non-trivial as the countergradient regime is non-stationary when stability decreases, while it does not exist in neutral or stable boundary layers with rolls.","large-eddy simulation; countergradient momentum flux; horizontal convective rolls; turbulent kinetic energy; eddy viscosity","en","student report","","","","","","Programme: Applied Earth Sciences and Geoscience and Remote Sensing","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:fe7114a5-9272-44a8-b248-f58827d4cca5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fe7114a5-9272-44a8-b248-f58827d4cca5","Pathway classification of Argo floats within the Irminger Sea","Oldenhuis, David (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Katsman, C.A. (mentor); de Roode, S.R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Atlantic Meridonial Overturning Circulation (AMOC) in the North Atlantic Ocean (NAO) plays a major role in earth’s climate and climate change. A key element of the AMOC is deep convection, which is still not fully understood. One of the unknowns is where water is exchanged between the boundary current and the regions where deep convection can occur. This is important for models to know where deep waters are formed and where they are transported to. This study focuses on the Irminger Sea (IRS), a sub-sea of the NAO. The interior of this sub-sea is a known area where deep convection can occur. Using data from the Argo Float Program, a analysis was conducted to investigate exchanges of water between the boundary current of the IRS and the area where deep convection can occur. The entries and departure locations of the Argo floats are collected and statistically compared. Furthermore, seasonality difference between winter and summer months are compared using the Mann-Whitney U-Test. Lastly, the internal pathways water takes within the interior area are analysed, by tracking where a float enters the interior area and where it afterwards leaves the area. The results show water takes many different pathways in and out of the interior area and the pathways taken within the area show the expected cyclonic pattern. There were no clear differences between summer and winter months, except in the northern part of the interior area, where in winter a clear south-western current is present, but not in summer. Future studies on the exchange between the boundary current and the interior area can use these results as an indication that the exchange happens all around the area, but the water does follow a cyclonic pattern.","AMOC; Irminger Sea; Deep Convection; Argo Floats","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:e26f032e-e7c2-44c9-afcc-e9e28e53b042","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e26f032e-e7c2-44c9-afcc-e9e28e53b042","Public Transport Delay Pattern Analysis By Unsupervised Learning Approach","Cheng, Yuxing (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Krishnakumari, P.K. (mentor); Cats, O. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","To analyze latent multiple specific patterns in the line-based public transport daily delay occurrence, a data-driven explorative analysis of public transport daily delay spatial-temporal distribution pattern is performed based on the k-means clustering algorithm. Firstly, we used aggregated daily delay profile to visualize how the delay is distributed in space and time. And the pattern of daily delay distribution is represented by the image features. Secondly, the image features are extracted by the pre-trained neural network ResNet50, and the output image feature vector are used for implementing unsupervised k-means clustering algorithm. Finally, the k-means clustering results reveal five different daily delay patterns. The distinctive characteristics of these five delay patterns are analyzed and lead to some significant results, which could provide public transport operators with a better understanding of how delays occur on a specific line.","Public transport; Unsupervised learning; pattern recognition","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:efa399b2-bdef-4e81-a469-390757a60f45","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:efa399b2-bdef-4e81-a469-390757a60f45","Agro-Urban Ecologies: Design of a climate-adaptive agroecosystem and urban expansion in Almere-Pampus","Alzate Martinez, Fábio (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Muñoz Sanz, V. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This research explores the potential of urban design to fulfill the role of integrating the domains of ecology, food, and climate change to achieve long-term restorative goals. Also, the potential of urban design to be the operator of a dynamic coexistence with nature by acting upon the diverse layers of landscape infrastructure and embedded socioenvironmental systems. After establishing the theoretical foundations on the domain intersections, this research adopts a research-by-design methodology that aims to answer the question of how can urban design simultaneously operationalize the intersection of ecological restoration, climate adaptation, and food production through spatial possibilities in an exploratory case study. Divided in three steps, the case study exercise starts by a pre-design step, that aims to achieve a contextual problem definition; subsequently, the design step focuses on developing a program, proposals, and evaluation of the proposals; and finally, the post-design step establishes a synthesis of the projections and discusses the wider knowledge acquired during the process. Through a contextual analysis of the case study of urban expansion in the Netherlands (Almere-Pampus), it is revealed that territorial dynamics, the trade-offs between current land use, and also the political context of the site are intertwined with its landscape infrastructure, that is vulnerable to sea-level rise. Furthermore, by adopting local references of “building with nature” approaches, it establishes a projective design exercise to investigate the potential of answering the research question through the proposition of a renaturalization process grounded on an agroecosystem that functions on base of local habitats. The results of the research indicate the potential of endogenous forms of production and land use to coexist with natural dynamics and guide the spatial design of multifunctional backbones. Also, it reveals the possible agency of a reformed countryside to be part of a decentralized water infrastructure that guides renaturalization efforts, integrating local actors and agenda demands.","Urban Design; Research-by-design; Agroecology; Ecology; Landscape infrastructure; Almere","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","HPM Honours programme 2023","52.3739933445812, 5.136155247557044"
"uuid:9c1fef3b-d279-4807-8c78-15a2bc4d6125","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9c1fef3b-d279-4807-8c78-15a2bc4d6125","Feasibility study - CIE5050-09 Additional Research Project: Upscaling architected metamaterials for applications in civil infrastructure: auxetic lattices for confining concrete","Schagen, Brian (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Kavoura, Dr. Florentia (mentor); Veljkovic, M. (graduation committee); Alkisaei, H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","Auxetic materials; Robotics; Reentrant truss lattices; Reinforced Concrete","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:83697dfb-367f-43cf-b192-076c8019422a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:83697dfb-367f-43cf-b192-076c8019422a","Information extraction and geolocalization of historical aerial imagery","LIU, YUSHAN (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Dahle, F. (mentor); Lindenbergh, R.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Antarctica plays a crucial role in global climate change research, but current models only extend back to the satellite era from the 1990s to the present, leaving significant gaps in our understanding of the continent’s past and covering only limited locations. Historical aerial surveys, which may extend back to the 1930s and cover more locations, offer an opportunity to overcome these limitations. However, creating models from historical imagery poses a significant challenge. This study presents a workflow for automatically extracting camera altitude information from historical imagery and doing preliminary geolocalization by computing the footprints of the imagery based on the extracted altitude information. The workflow was applied to two flight lines in the TMA Single Frames dataset, and the results were evaluated using a scoring system and by comparing the photos with their footprints. This work serves as a preliminary stage in geolocating and georeferencing historical imagery, laying the foundation for future model-building with these photographs.","Historical aerial imagery; Antarctica; camera altitude; footprint; geolocalization","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:255543f5-0b58-4da2-8f8d-3d50520a1f3d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:255543f5-0b58-4da2-8f8d-3d50520a1f3d","Squirrels in the neighbourhood: quantifying the potential for biodiversity surrounding a building site","Therias, Adele (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rafiee, A. (mentor); Lánský, Imke (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","*Public version of internship report*
Urban wildlife plays an invaluable role in cities, including the promotion of overall biodiversity and greenery, pollination and human connection to nature. This internship project involved the development of a prototype that quantifies the potential for local ambassador species to visit a building site based on the amount and connectivity of habitat in the neighbourhood. The workflow integrates vector layers from open datasets and Arup ecologists’ expertise on animal behaviour in order to quantify the cost of moving through an urban environment. Initial results show that the prototype enables the numerical and visual comparison of connectivity for 7 out of the 10 ambassador species, with the Bee demonstrating the highest connectivity, and Toad having the lowest connectivity. This prototype has the potential to support Arup’s work on facilitating more connected urban environments for local wildlife, all the while improving urban ecology overall.","biodiversity; Urban; Sustainable development; python; GIS","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:9ed932c2-7f0f-4460-9df1-7a27c60a9274","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9ed932c2-7f0f-4460-9df1-7a27c60a9274","An Interdisciplinary Study on the Parana Delta of Argentina","Raszka, Patrycja (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Chen, Ningyi (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Mengel, Fynn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Snow, Josh (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); LAI, Kevin S.F. (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Armstrong Hall, Felix (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Imasaki Afonso, Victoria (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Moonen, Siirilotta (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Sabben, Pepijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Iuorio, Luca (mentor); Wüthrich, Davide (mentor); Hoes, O.A.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With combined efforts from water management, architectural and hydraulic engineering students, an interdisciplinary and resilient design is set up for the Paraná Delta. The design relates to all the current environmental, architectural and flood risk challenges - among others, as well as the potential issues in the future since the Paraná Delta is a highly dynamic environment.","Parana; Delta; Interdisciplinary; Resilience; Architecture; Building Technology; Watermanagement; Hydraulic Engineering; Student; Project; Argentina; Buenos Aires","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Multidiscipinary Project",""
"uuid:1f8da4af-0483-4c93-8e11-3ec5aa246ad0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1f8da4af-0483-4c93-8e11-3ec5aa246ad0","An alternative graph formulation for train service planning under ETCS Level 2, Moving Block and Virtual Coupling signalling systems with dynamic speed supervision and continuous infrastructure representation","Busuttil, William (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Quaglietta, E. (mentor); Rigos, K. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","To help maximize utilization of its existing infrastructure, the railway industry requires train service optimization models with headway constraints for state-of-the-art distance-to-go signalling systems. To this end, this paper introduces an approach for assessing train path feasibility in ETCS Level 2, Moving Block, and Virtual Coupling, that could be used to construct alternative graphs for timetable optimization. The methodology is the first for distance-to-go signalling systems that accounts for the impact of train acceleration and braking on the braking curve, guaranteeing a feasible and optimal timetable. The alternative graph models are specifically adapted to the train and signalling systems used, with the models for Moving Block and Virtual Coupling being the first with continuous representation of open track. The methodology is used to assess the capacity of Virtual Coupling and Moving Block, respectively, on the South West Main Line in the United Kingdom. The results show that Virtual Coupling can increase railway capacity compared to plain Moving Block, but this may depend on network topology.","ERTMS/ETCS; ETCS; ERTMS; Virtual coupling; moving block signalling; Railway traffic management; Alternative graph theory","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:b4340cac-0d95-46c4-9b30-4681da4da7b9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b4340cac-0d95-46c4-9b30-4681da4da7b9","Synthesis of ceramic tiles with alkali-activated materials","Wu, Haoming (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Ye, G. (mentor); Dong, H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:14dd301f-954d-4c3b-a056-319ff4f400b6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14dd301f-954d-4c3b-a056-319ff4f400b6","Electric Vehicle Pickup-and-Delivery Problem with Soft Time Windows, Partial Charging, and Uncertain Travel Time","Guan, Kuo (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Correia, Gonçalo (mentor); Sharif Azadeh, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Electric vehicles (EVs) take advantage of reducing fossil-based environmental pollution and developing a more sustainable logistics network. Compared with internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), EVs have new technical characteristics like limited battery capacity and long charging time at charging stations. With the diffusion of EVs, vehicle routing problems (VRPs) of EVs draw transportation service providers’ attention, which extends VRPs with intra-route charging considerations. In real-life practice, the punctuality of preplanned
vehicle routing may be affected by uncertain travel time caused by traffic congestion, which derives undesirable penalty costs for violating time windows. Besides, long intra-route charging time at charging stations presents an even greater challenge to trade-off between completing tours with enough electricity and providing delivery service on time. This assignment aims to investigate the impact of travel time uncertainty and electric vehicle characteristics on planning fleet size, vehicle routing, and charging schedules. A pickup and delivery
problem of electric vehicles is studied in this assignment, which considered flexible fleet size, partial charging policy, soft time windows and uncertain travel time. The problem is formulated as a two-stage stochastic linear programming model. The fleet size, vehicle routing, and charging decisions are determined in the first stage. After the realization of travel times, the second stage determines specific charging times at charging stations. The objective is to minimize the total operational cost, which consists of travel costs of vehicle usage and charging,
and the expected penalty cost of earliness, delay and overtime. The sample average approximation method is applied to model the stochastic programming to the deterministic equivalent and the Gurobi Optimizer is used to solve this mixed-integer programming. A computational experiment is conducted based on a small data set with one depot, 9 pickup and delivery requests, 5 charging stations at service vertices and 3 available electric trucks. The travel times along the delivery tour are assumed to follow Gamma distribution. To investigate the trade-off between travel costs and penalty costs, 12 instances are conducted in the experiment by tuning parameters of time windows, the uncertainty of travel time, and the importance of punctuality. The experiment results showed an increasing vehicle fleet size could improve the level of service but also derive more vehicle
usage costs. Besides, the intra-route charging operations impact vehicles’ departure times at each charging station, which subsequently impacts service start time at customer vertices. Longer intra-route charging time has the potential to enhance punctuality in instances with tight time windows or congested traffic conditions. Moreover, different operator inclination leads to different fleet size and charging time preference. Instances attaching more importance to punctuality have a larger fleet size and longer intra-route charging time.","Stochastic Programming; Pickup and Delivery problem; Electric Vehicles; Uncertain Travel Time","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","CIE5050-09 Additional Graduation Work, Research Project",""
"uuid:9112850b-9f17-4c4b-8f57-9db54c517e88","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9112850b-9f17-4c4b-8f57-9db54c517e88","Urban Wastewater Management of Willemstad, Curaçao, and Environmental Implications: A qualitative and quantitative investigation on urban wastewater fluxes","Snijders, Kevin (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van Breukelen, B.M. (mentor); Langeveld, J.G. (graduation committee); Wit, Mike (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Curaçao's coral reefs are subjected to a deteriorating momentum risking the health and therefore sustainability of this vital ecosystem. Despite the dependency of the Island's prosperity on the condition of the ecosystem, research suggests that wastewater management is likely to be a significant contributor to this effect. Incorporating both open literature results and information obtained from an extensive constructed research network, this study demonstrates essential aspects of the urban wastewater management system of Willemstad regarding the quantity and quality of the urban wastewater fluxes and their potential environmental implications. The system, which merely connects 33\% of Curaçao's population, is concluded to be outdated and insufficient with respect to capacity as well as treatment efficiency. Although it is solely designed for pure domestic wastewater, this study concluded and demonstrated the significant impact of illegal discharge onto this system by industrial sectors leading to both high contamination loading and increased wastewater volumes. The combination of these features is the major cause of wastewater discharge pathways into marine environments. Arising from the constructed urban wastewater flux model, which visualizes the wastewater management system, 14 discharge locations correlated to significant environmental contamination pathways are identified with Piscadera Bay, Rif Mangrove area, Playa Kanoa and Shut concluded as the utmost importance. Furthermore, the model revealed that the urban wastewater is predominantly directed towards the treatment plant Klein Hofje via either the northern trajectory (Bonam - Suffisant F - Garipitoweg - Argentianweg - Klein Hofje) or the southern one (SVB - Klein Hofje). Also, the quantity and quality of the fluxes are estimated based on the connected area and the potential industrial activities within it. However, validation of these estimations is recommended since no water quantity and quality analysis was performed or available for conducting the modelled estimations. Furthermore, since the system is partly a combined sewage system, hence harvesting stormwater fluxes as well, its effect is recommended to incorporate in the model and estimations for accuracy purposes. Lastly, the government reports that at least 90\% of all industrial wastewater is discharged either directly into the ocean or onto the sewer system. Since the actual ratio as well as the water quality remains unknown this is recommended for future research. Overall, this study enables tailored future research programs to overcome the discussed limitations and with that significantly contribute to eliminating the current existing white spot concerning the effect of urban wastewater fluxes on the marina ecosystem of Curaçao.","urban wastewater management; environmental implications; Curaçao coral reefs","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","Additional Master Thesis","12.16960, -68.99000"
"uuid:0a10f98f-52ed-4458-9f22-c4a5f60352e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a10f98f-52ed-4458-9f22-c4a5f60352e7","The Light-moped Impact on the Cyclists’ Subjective Safety and Intended Behavior","XU, YIPING (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Farah, H. (mentor); Nordhoff, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This is a research project for course CIE5090-09. The research aims to investigate the impact of the light-mopeds on the cyclists’ perceived safety. An online questionnaire is delivered to collect the participants’ feelings on the perceived safety of the given scenarios, and the reasons why they are feeling unsafe, as well as their intended reaction to the light-mopeds. The results shows that the participants would in general feel unsafe when they are in the conflicting directions with the light-mopeds. The leading reason for them to feel unsafe is the turning and speeding of the light-mopeds. Moreover, the results shows that most of the participants would take evasive actions, for instance to give their way or slow down, when feeling unsafe interacting with the light-mopeds.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:81835b1b-2ba4-4f08-b471-dd1528f61196","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:81835b1b-2ba4-4f08-b471-dd1528f61196","Integrated fast-charging facility planning: a case study in Amsterdam","He, Mingjia (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Krishnakumari, P.K. (mentor); Luo, D. (graduation committee); Chen, Jiaqi (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","With the electrification in freight transportation, fast-charging facilities are crucial to support enroute charging for long-distance freight trips. The goal of this study is to develop an integrated fast-charging facility planning framework to prepare for the increasing enroute freight charging demand in the Netherlands. Based on highway traffic data, the travel temporal and spatial patterns of general traffic flow and freight flow are extracted and analyzed comparatively. The charging demand is derived from freight traffic data, and network evaluation based on graph theory is used to identify traffic nodes with significance in highway networks. A candidate selection method is proposed to obtain potential deployment locations for charging stations and to-go chargers. On this basis, a multi-period bi-objective optimization model with minimum investment cost and maximum demand coverage is proposed to find optimal solutions for charging facility planning. The case study is formulated based on the Amsterdam highway network. The results show that the proposed model can leverage the potential of early investment to increase the final demand coverage in the last planning horizon.","E-mobility; Facility Layout Problem; Transport Network; Optimization","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:2df81f69-d02b-49aa-bb92-51f8a840fe41","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2df81f69-d02b-49aa-bb92-51f8a840fe41","Evaluating alternatives for extending the drinking water supply in Uganda: A multidisciplinary project","Besseling, Roos (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van Marrewijk, Josine (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Slokker, Marloes (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van der Zwet, Ilse (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Old - CITG Dept. Structural and Building Engineering)","Abraham, E. (mentor); Jonkers, H.M. (graduation committee); Aguilar Lopez, J.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In many places in Uganda, people do not have a connection to the drinking water supply system and there is a lack of treated water supply, meaning that people only have access to water a certain part of the day. As a result many people rely on springs, handpumps, rivers or lakes, of which the quality cannot be monitored or controlled.
During this multi-disciplinary project, we worked together with the National Water & Sewerage Corporation (NWSC) and the Ministry of Water and Environment (MWE) to research the possibilities of extending the water supply system of two project areas, Bugiri District and Hoima City. The current water supply in both areas use groundwater as a source and the possibilities for the extension also consider using surface water besides groundwater.
The different alternatives for the extension of the water supply in Hoima City and Bugiri District are evaluated using a multi-criteria analysis (MCA), consisting of a financial analysis, a performance analysis and a risk analysis. By evaluating the different options using an MCA, the decision-making process can become less complicated.
The MCA-tool that is set up in this research can be used by engineers to study different areas in Uganda and make it easier to compare different options for the extension of a drinking water supply system in an early design stage. The tool is for the two project areas as examples, after which it is also tested during a case study with engineers from both NWSC and MWE. Useful feedback came out of this session which will be used to finalize the tool and elaborate on it.
To design the different alternatives for the project areas and to get insight into the drinking water supply of Uganda, Hoima and Bugiri are visited at the beginning of the project.
For both project areas, it is recommended to improve the operational performance of the already existing groundwater supply system as a short-term (5 years) solution. The long-term (25 years) solutions consider groundwater options as well as surface water options, using for example Lake Victoria, Lake Albert and River Nile as water sources.
Himalayas are a highly seismic region in South Asia with multiple major earthquakes recorded across the past two centuries. The remoteness of the region and abundant availability of local materials along with frequent earthquakes has resulted in the development of a seismic culture of earthquake-resistant, timber-reinforced masonry buildings. Though these buildings have shown superior performance under seismic actions, little scientific research has been done to understand and analyse the reason behind this superior performance.
Across the different regions of Himalayas, timber has been used in different structural configurations to increase the seismic resistance of the masonry structures. These traditional building systems remain popular in the Himalayan region for their cheap and easy availability locally. This additional graduation project is a step towards understanding the behaviour of these masonry structures, and the role of timber in preventing catastrophic failure in the former.
In this study, different building typologies in the Himalayas that use timber as a structural element are identified and described. Failure mechanisms of masonry structures are widely studied and a brief overview is presented. In-plane, out-of-plane, combined in-plane and out-of-plane and local failure mechanisms of unreinforced masonry are discussed in detail. Furthermore, a literature review of post-earthquake reconnaissance surveys is conducted to understand different mechanisms through which masonry structures fail.
A review of state-of-the-art on experimental, analytical and numerical studies conducted on resistance of some of the building typologies of Himalayan region (for example, Bhatar, Dhajji Dewari, Ikra, Kath Kuni) is done in this study to understand work done previously. Finally, an analytical analysis is conducted on single room, one-storeyed Bhatar building to investigate the response of an in-plane wall to a lateral load exerted by earthquake excitation.","Himalaya; Bhatar; Dhajji Dewari; Seismic Analysis; Failure mechanisms; Failure modes; Masonry; Timber-reinforced masonry; traditional earthquake resistant structures; seismic response; timber bands; rubble stone masonry; timber floors","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Steel and Timber Construction","",""
"uuid:517ac12b-b640-40cb-9b7b-c56e28bcbade","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:517ac12b-b640-40cb-9b7b-c56e28bcbade","Electrochemical degradation of PFAS contaminated water with boron-doped diamond anodes","Tang, Anita (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","de Kreuk, M.K. (mentor); Ronteltap, Mariska (graduation committee); Smith, Sanne J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Since its production concentrations of the manmade chemical compounds PFAS found in the environment has increased significantly. The properties created by incorporating these chemicals, make them attractive for industrial usage and for many consumer products. These chemicals bioaccumulate and are very persistent. With known adverse health effects, its treatment to prevent release in the environment has become more and more important. To remediate PFAS in aquatic environments, such as groundwater and surface water helps protect our drinking water sources and reduces exposure to these harmful compounds. With this in mind the treatment technology, electrochemical oxidation of PFAS is applied here in various water matrices to study the destruction of these compounds. Through galvanostatic EC experiments, water types in 10L continuously stirred reactor tanks, where pumped through an electrochemical cell consisting of boron-doped diamond electrodes at a constant current of either 30 or 40 A for a duration of either 3 or 6 hours. Samples were processed and then analysed for 29 PFAS through HPLC-MS/MS. Remediation of these compounds proved to be less efficient than in other studies.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","AES4011-10",""
"uuid:dfcfe6db-b565-48a9-9353-fe283267b1f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dfcfe6db-b565-48a9-9353-fe283267b1f0","Transport Poverty in the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area: Relationships with Socioeconomics and the Built Environment at the Neighborhood Level","Bon, Thijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Bruno, M. (mentor); van Oort, N. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Limiting transport poverty is consequential in improving well-being and employment levels, which play meaningful roles in deciding public policy. We analyze how different socioeconomic and built environment factors are related to the transport poverty environment for car and public transport in terms of strength, significance, and direction for neighborhood zones within the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area—our study area. Additionally, we provide policy recommendations for the study area.
To this end, we use spatial distributions of environmental transport poverty indicators and perform weighted least-squares regression analyses, where we regress each transport poverty indicator on all built environment and socioeconomic variables. Our regression analyses are preceded by a combination of logarithmic variable transformation, insignificant variable elimination, and data normalization.
The environmental transport poverty indicators consist of average travel times, average single-trip travel costs, and the number of accessible jobs within thirty minutes. Regarding the built environment; we include inhabitant density and job density, whereas the socioeconomic characteristics in our analyses consist of household size, five age cohorts (0-18, 18-34, 35-54, 55-64, and $65^{+}$), gender, car ownership, and income.
Our results indicate that levels of environmental car transport poverty are fairly low over the whole study area when compared to the public transport poverty environment—the highest car transport poverty levels among all zones correspond with the lowest levels of public transport poverty. Regression results demonstrate that differences in the transport poverty environment are substantially correlated with differences in the zonal built environment and socioeconomic characteristics only for public transport travel times and public transport job accessibility, which are also the only transport poverty indicators to exhibit considerable variation among the study area zones in general.
Furthermore, the strength and significance of job density almost invariably greatly exceed those of inhabitant density and the socioeconomic variables—in relation to the transport poverty environment indicators. Inhabitant density is, despite being overshadowed by job density, also deemed to exhibit a marked correlation to the public transport measures of travel time and job accessibility. Both built environment variables are related to favorable transportation conditions. Remarkably, all socioeconomic variables display either insignificant or rather weak correlations to the transport poverty environment.
Consequently, we suggest focusing mainly on public transport measurements of travel times and job accessibility when analyzing differences in the transport poverty environment at a neighborhood level and the roles of job density and (to a lesser extent) inhabitant density herein. We visualize the combined spatial distributions of both job density and average public transport travel times, and inhabitant density and average public transport travel times for our study area. Areas potentially interesting for public transport improvement are identified based on the simultaneous occurrence of both relatively high levels of job or inhabitant density and relatively high travel times.","Transport poverty; Socioeconomic; Built Environment; relationships; Correlation Analysis; Spatial Analysis; Amsterdam Metropolitan Area","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:4aea7917-b377-4826-b827-eb8852fc1ee8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4aea7917-b377-4826-b827-eb8852fc1ee8","Reconstruction of the Notre Dame de Paris: as a moment for reinterpretation","van Duijne, Bas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Architecture)","Yung, W.C. (mentor); Klooster, M.W. (mentor); Reinders, L.G.A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Architectural graduation project containing a research and design for the Notre Dame of Paris. The research focusses on reinterpreting the Notre Dame of Paris based on seven interviews. The interviews are bundled in a set of narrative drawings that approach the building and its environment as intangible domain containing rather the social context. Based upon this research a design for a reconstruction is proposed. A new roof and spire is introduced and explained along the ambiguity of the research and by the eyes of people.","Notre Dame; Reconstruction; Authenticity; Heritage; Emotional mapping; Mental image; public perception","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Explorelab","","48.85310230960883, 2.349869911434305"
"uuid:c18dba2a-d20c-4782-8e8e-fcf458c6e85c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c18dba2a-d20c-4782-8e8e-fcf458c6e85c","Sustainably scaling up the operations of Kelp Blue in Lüderitz, Namibia: A consultancy report","van 't Geloof, Bart (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Notten, Diederik (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering); de Raad, Oscar (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Venrooij, Daan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Westerhout, Joost (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Antolínez, José A. Á. (mentor); Manganiello, P. (mentor); Hut, R.W. (mentor); Kuipers, H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Kelp Blue is a company whose top priority is the well-being of the planet. Through the cultivation of giant kelp on offshore farms, they create several sustainable products, new job opportunities in regions where they are needed, enhance biodiversity in the water, and above all, sequester tons of CO2 from the air. The start-up is still in its research and development phase, but plans to be building farms on a large scale in just a few years. Despite their knowledge in engineering, the company still needs consulting on certain elements. Therefore the company invited a group of students from the Delft University of Technology to Lüderitz, Namibia for a consultancy project. The project involved creating a procedure for the company to scale up in a sustainable manner. The students decided that this complex problem should be divided into sub-problems. One workstream focused on reducing the carbon emissions during upscaling, while the other workstream focused on analyzing and improving the company’s current design and installation of the farms. Following, both parts of the project are shortly summarized: Part I: Improving the company’s current design Kelp Blue is currently in the pilot phase, in which they’re installing their first large giant kelp farms. Before, they were focusing on the complete installation, including planting the kelp on the submerged netting structure, and the review of this. For the company’s commercial phase, where they want to be able to place farms daily on a large scale, designs were still developed and analyzed. For the commercial phase, this workstream made a new design and installation method. It required an installation where buoys would need to be submerged, the structure locked in place at the desired depth, without the use of scuba divers or remote operated vehicles. Despite the fact that these requirements were challenging, an outstanding result was achieved. The main problem was divided into subproblems, and for each of those a suitable solution was created. Hopes are that the company will consider the given advice as helpful and maybe implement some parts of (or the whole) new design. Part II: Reducing carbon emissions during upscaling First, interviews and desk research were conducted to get a good idea of the challenge of sustainability. This included reading reports, speaking with employees, policy makers and experts with experience within the area. With this information, the challenge could be mapped out and the solution space became clear in terms of legislation and technical possibilities. Climate information was also requested that could later be used to run simulations. During the determination of the possible solutions, research was done on the realistic possibilities, where eventually the use of either solar or wind energy was most appropriate. After conducting a multi-criteria analysis that was put together with the management of Kelp Blue, investing in a solar plant proved to be the most appropriate solution.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","Multidiciplinairy project",""
"uuid:981527a7-f113-4b51-ad17-52a5bb2cfb87","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:981527a7-f113-4b51-ad17-52a5bb2cfb87","Study on synergies in the removal of organic micropollutants using combined iron electrocoagulation and irradiation","Soodan, Akhilesh (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van Halem, D. (mentor); Roy, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","This study analyses the removal of organic micropollutants (OMPs) through iron electrocoagulation in the presence of solar radiation. Methylene Blue (MB) dye has been considered as a contaminant which is removed by the action of highly reactive oxygen species (ROS) formed as intermediates during electrocoagulation (charge dosage, CD = 30 C/L and charge dosage rate, CDR = 5 C/L/min). The impact of pH on the removal rate is observed throughout the experiment. The effect of radiation (300-400 nm, 65 W/m2) on electrocoagulation has been further studied by performing iron electrocoagulation in a solar simulator (ECS) and comparing it with iron electrocoagulation in the air (EC), iron electrocoagulation with H2O2 – electro-fenton process (EF) and iron electrocoagulation with H2O2 in a solar simulator– photo-electro-fenton process in a solar simulator (PEF). The results of MB removal efficiency for each process can be deduced as: PEF = EF > ECS > EC; which conveys that combined electrocoagulation and solar radiation has synergies in the removal of OMPs, while there’s no impact of solar radiation in case of PEF when compared to EF. Further, the concentration removal capability in PEF and EF decline with the pH increasing from 3 to 9, while in case of EC and ECS, there’s is a slight improvement in the concentration removal from pH 6 to pH 8.","Electrocoagulation; Radiation; organic micropollutant","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","",""
"uuid:77f4f6d0-838b-4340-bab9-8f95942fee48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:77f4f6d0-838b-4340-bab9-8f95942fee48","Reducing river inundation in the Hau River estuary","Engel, Leander (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Nijholt, Vincent (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van de Wakker, Gerwin (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Wesseling, Lucas (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Winter, Theun (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Mai Van, C. (mentor); Kavoura, Dr. Florentia (mentor); van Binsbergen, A.J. (mentor); Bogaard, T.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","The Mekong Delta is facing some complicated challenges in the near future. Its geographical location and the fact that it is a delta result in low elevation levels which makes it vulnerable to inundation. This problem will only become bigger in the future due to the effects of climate change. To get funding from organisations like the world bank it is important to propose multiple solutions that are beneficial to multiple parts of society. It is favourable to split
a complex system like the Mekong Delta into subsystems to make it more feasible to build realistic models. The subsystem defined in this report is the Hau River estuary. This area mainly suffers from riverine inundation caused by tidal variation in the South Chinese Sea. The biggest city in the region is Can Tho with 1.3 million inhabitants.
The research question is: Which integrated solutions reduce riverine inundation problems in the Hau River estuary while also considering socio-economical aspects? To answer this research question the following four solutions are proposed and designed.
• Discharge sluice in the mouth of the Hau River to reduce the tidal influence
• Wetland with a double levee system and buffer zones to reduce peak discharge
• Bypass channel to the Gulf of Thailand to reduce discharge during the wet season
• Protection of valuable assets and adaptation of local citizens to the new natural balance
Based on desired discharges and water levels preliminary design parameters of the proposed hydraulic structures were determined. The effectiveness of these solutions was assessed based on their ability to reduce the water level in Can Tho. The reduction that the discharge sluice achieved was determined with a zero-dimensional model, whereas the water level reduction that the wetlands and bypass option achieved were determined by Delft3D models. The discharge sluice performed best in reducing the water level in Can Tho, as it opposes the tidal influence in the Hau River.
To assess the quality of the solutions relative to each other a best-worst multi-criteria analysis is done. In this assessment other factors such as financial aspects, socio-economics and transportation are taken into account. The most important criteria are flood reduction and funding opportunities. According to the assessed criteria, the discharge sluice and the wetland are the best-scoring solutions. These solutions have the most potential in reducing the river inundation problems in the Hau River estuary. This does not mean that the bypass and adaptation solutions should be neglected or are not useful. For a complex problem in a complex system like the Hau River estuary, one solution is not going to solve all the problems. A good balance between different aspects has to be determined by also considering other problems like sand mining, subsidence and salt intrusion.","River inundation; Mekong Delta; River delta; Hau river estuary; Riverine flooding","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:ebc320b7-b043-4d33-8265-617cdebc59bb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ebc320b7-b043-4d33-8265-617cdebc59bb","Building with Nature Opportunities for the San Antonio Port Expansion Project","Frangu, Alesia (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Heijboer, Dick (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van der Voorn, Jesper (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Beiboer, Luitzen-Jan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Metselaar, Meno (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Elmohr, S.E.M.A. (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (graduation committee); Aarninkhof, S.G.J. (graduation committee); Reyes Gallardo, Mauricio (mentor); Onderwater, Martijn (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Chile is heavily dependent on international trade, making its port infrastructure crucial for its economic development. Projections show that container freight demand is growing rapidly. To cope with the growing demand, an expansion for the port of San Antonio has been proposed. However, current expansion plans have faced opposition due to environmental and social impacts. This research investigates current social issues and the technical feasibility of harnessing natural sediment transport to create a Building with Nature port expansion solution.","Building with Nature solutions; Delft 3D; Unibest; Port San Antonio","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:fb5f9a82-d06f-48fd-bf6b-1ef3cc59da13","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb5f9a82-d06f-48fd-bf6b-1ef3cc59da13","Land Use Impacts of Shared Micromobility Services","Yan, Lanlan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","de Clercq, G.K. (graduation committee); Snelder, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","Nowadays, limited bike parking spaces have been a severe problem to be solved in the Netherlands. Shared bikes are considered ideal solutions, as well as other emerging shared micromobility modes, e.g., shared e-bikes, e-scooters and e-mopeds, since they can help utilise vehicles better and alleviate more occupying land space. Moreover, shared micromobility modes have a great potential to attract private car users and achieve a modal switch from private cars to them. In this case, this research aims to understand how the sum of parking areas changed by the modal switch from private cars and bikes to shared micromobility modes. A calculation approach of parking areas will be proposed and applied in an agent-based simulation model mimicking the mode choice of travellers in Delft. Moreover, shared micromobility modes regarding vehicle characteristics (speed and cost) will be differentiated, so their impacts on mode choice and land space will also be investigated. Additionally, this study made a sensitivity analysis of coefficients of utility functions to test the reliability and validity of the results.","shared micromobility; parking area; land use","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:2326e5f4-f0ef-4f37-af4c-64cc67b1c9d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2326e5f4-f0ef-4f37-af4c-64cc67b1c9d3","Dealiasing of Doppler spectra for cloud radar at 94 GHz","Wang, Peiyuan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Unal, C.M.H. (mentor); Dias Neto, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:d9a02568-7353-4440-b1a2-cad02d1fd82e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d9a02568-7353-4440-b1a2-cad02d1fd82e","A validation of subtropical marine low clouds in the HARMONIE regional weather model","Liberia, Gheylla (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Nuijens, Louise (mentor); Siebesma, A.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","One of the areas of major importance when it comes to weather prediction are clouds, due to their significant impact on the climate and because they are major source of the spread in climate sensitivity in climate models. This paper will focus on the main numerical weather prediction model, HARMONIE, used by the Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute, with the objective to determine whether this model is able to accurately simulate the meso-scale organization and structures of subtropical low marine clouds.
This is done by comparing various HARMONIE simulation outputs with the observed variables obtained from the Barbados Cloud Observatory. To determine how the different processes within HARMONIE are affecting the simulation outputs, several experimental runs are analyzed. Based on the results it can be
seen that HARMONIE cycle 43 does produce a higher amount of low cloud cover compared to HARMONIE cycle 40. This is expected as HARMONIE cycle 43 does contain the additional height variance which was added in order for the model to produce more low clouds. However, it is overestimating the total low
cloud cover, in contrast to the underestimation by HARMONIE cycle 40. It can be seen that when the additional height variance is removed the simulation of the low cloud cover is significantly improved and is comparable to the observational low cloud cover. Furthermore, when the additional height variance and
shallow convection are both removed the amount of low cloud cover produced by HARMONIE cycle 43 also closely resembles the observed low cloud cover amount. When it comes to cloud fraction in the atmosphere, all of the experimental runs are not able to produce clouds that are present above 3000 m. This result was also obtained from simulation outputs of HARMONIE cycle 40. Besides this, also the specific humidity and potential temperature from the simulation outputs of HARMONIE cycle 43 are not accurately modelled.
All of the experiments seem to have a dry BIAS near the surface and a cold BIAS throughout the whole entirety of the atmosphere. Based on these findings it can be concluded that HARMONIE cycle 43 is able to produce meso-scale subtropical marine clouds, however it does not do this accurately but is overestimating
at all times. Moreover, it can be seen that the additional height variance has significant impact on the cloud production and it is recommended it be removed as the simulation outputs more accurately describe the observational data when it is not present. Furthermore there is no major improvement between cycle 40 and 43 in the cloud formation above 3000m. Both cycles are not able to produce any clouds in the simulation outputs. Based on this new understanding of what is the major source affecting the cloud production in HARMONIE, it is possible to further look into them with the aim to improve the overall weather prediction
of HARMONIE.","HARMONIE-AROME; KNMI; cloud cover; barbados cloud observatory","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","","13.193900, -59.543200"
"uuid:7e5d2023-ce1e-4b08-aefb-611bc9b0d9d6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e5d2023-ce1e-4b08-aefb-611bc9b0d9d6","Hydraulic behaviour of the Geul inverted siphon: Energy losses, debris accumulation and applicability of a Minimum Energy Loss culvert","Ronckers, Dennis (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Wüthrich, Davide (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2023","In the area of Bunde in the south of Limburg, the Netherlands, the Geul river flows beneath the Juliana Canal through an inverted siphon before reaching the Meuse. During July 2021 a large scale flood event occurred, showing an insufficient capacity of the inverted siphon when both the Geul and Meuse had high water levels.
Such inefficiency can be explained by the significant head losses at the entrance due to a sub-optimal geometry that also favours the accumulation of debris, as proved during the recent flood. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the hydraulic behaviour of the Geul inverted siphon, focusing on potential implementation measures. Additionally, this study investigates the possibility of replacing the current inverted siphon with a Minimum Energy Loss (MEL) culvert.","Inverted siphon; Geul; MEL culvert; Debris","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","","50.89701510788988,5.717380182630446"
"uuid:158d0980-b8a0-461d-a391-fccb78bbffc9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:158d0980-b8a0-461d-a391-fccb78bbffc9","Mangroves in motion: Investigating the impact of the Hai Phong Masterplan: A case study in the Do Son area","Janssen, Donna (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kapper, Hannah (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Smulders, Lisa (TU Delft Applied Sciences); Prins, Pepijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Krans, Berend (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Lagerwey, Stijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Mai Van, C. (mentor); Houwing, E.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Thuy Loi University (degree granting institution)","2023","The Hai Phong region is undergoing transformative changes through a Masterplan aimed at enhancing financial stability and improving the quality of life for the local community. A significant component of this Masterplan involves the construction of two new port terminals close to the mangroves of Do Son, a small town southeast of Hai Phong. Mangroves are beneficial in multiple facets. They act as a natural barrier, protecting coastlines from erosion, storm surges, and tsunamis. Additionally, mangroves contribute to water quality by filtering pollutants and trapping sediments, improving overall aquatic ecosystems. Furthermore, they provide crucial habitat for various species, supporting biodiversity and serving as nurseries for many marine organisms that benefit the local community. This research investigates the potential implications of the Masterplan using the following research question: What are the potential effects of the Hai Phong Masterplan on the mangrove ecosystems and the local community? Conducted by a multidisciplinary team of six students, this research involved interviews with professionals, locals, and governmental organisations, extensive literature review, and field trips. It was concluded from this research that the construction of the port terminals have far-reaching consequences. In the mangrove area in Bang La (area A), the port terminal will have a sheltering effect over the mangrove area. This will cause sedimentation to occur and thus accretion. Also, it is also expected that the water quality will degrade further due to increased anthropogenic activity in combination with the poor sewage system present. The mangrove area in Ngoc Hai (area B) is expected to have little direct changes. The local community in Do Son shows varied awareness and support for the Masterplan, with stronger support in mangrove area A. Economic benefits, such as increased tourism, drive positive attitudes. However, there is a notable lack of awareness in area B. The willingness to participate is influenced by economic incentives, and effective communication is crucial for shaping community perspectives. With regards to the further execution of the Masterplan it is recommended to incorporate effective waste management, revise reafforestation plans to meet legal obligations, and engage key environmental stakeholders. For further research, it is recommended to conduct measurements over a more extended period of time to better understand the dynamics of the area. Additionally, more detailed research is needed to substantiate assumptions.","Do Son; Mangroves; Hai Phong; Masterplan; Multi-disciplinary project; MDP 354","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","","20.721499,106.800204"
"uuid:fe97ff6e-4080-4afe-81a6-7607fb5ade5b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fe97ff6e-4080-4afe-81a6-7607fb5ade5b","Quantifying sensitivity of aerosol-cloud interactions to atmospheric state through cluster analysis","Kroese, Willem (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van Diedenhoven, B. (mentor); Glassmeier, F. (mentor); Hasekamp, O. (graduation committee); Schleiss, M.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Cloud droplet number concentrations change due to perturbations in aerosol concentrations. The strength of this correlation covaries with meteorology. Using polarimetric aerosol estimates and MODIS-2 cloud retrievals we compute the interaction strength per meteorological regime, which we determined using clustering techniques on MERRA-2 reanalysis data. The clusters that were found are similar to other clustering studies. The clusters are however not well-separated. The resulting interaction strengths are slightly higher compared to previous satellite studies. The clusters which show large scale vertical movement, generally have higher interaction strengths.","Aerosol-Cloud Interactions; Clustering; Atmosphere; Radiative Forcing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","Additional Master Thesis",""
"uuid:017e26b5-710e-4ad1-b0ea-11628de40272","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:017e26b5-710e-4ad1-b0ea-11628de40272","Research on Ride-hailing Pricing Strategies","Cui, Kairui (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Cats, O. (mentor); de Ruijter, A.J.F. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Compared to traditional public transport, ride-hailing makes it possible for people to get a more comfortable and faster riding experience with a higher fare. Ride-sharing fall in between the two, offering a discount at the price level of ride-hailing, yet operates with more detours and less comfortable experience. In this study, with different price levels for ride-hailing and discount rates for ride-sharing, we would like to examine the system performance of co-existence of ride-hailing, ride-sharing and public transport services. We would also like to search for an optimal solution for the ride-hailing & ride-sharing company to maximize its profit. We apply ExMAS, an open-source agent-based model for ride-sharing simulation, to simulate passengers' and vehicles' behavior on a microscopic level, and acquire numbers of results. Based on our model, in the case of Amsterdam, when price level is 1.1 euro/km and discount rate is 0.4, the company could enjoy maximum profit and market share. It is also found that, when price level gets higher more people opt for the competitive mode instead, resulting in the overall profit falling significantly.","ride-sharing; ride-hailing; Agent-based model; On demand mobility","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","CIE5050-09 Additional Graduation Work, Research Project",""
"uuid:14d92747-9882-492e-b013-8ef197a5a578","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14d92747-9882-492e-b013-8ef197a5a578","Review of Laser-Thermal Propulsion Literature","Duplay, Emmanuel (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering)","Zandbergen, B.T.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The existing literature on Laser-Thermal Propulsion (LTP) and associated concepts such as Directed-Energy Propulsion (DEP) and Laser-Sustained Plasma (LSP) is reviewed in preparation for an experimental thesis project on LTP.","laser; propulsion; plasma; laser-thermal propulsion; laser-plasma; thrust","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering | Space Exploration","",""
"uuid:c093d0a3-b852-48c1-b9ee-9d515b29ce1f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c093d0a3-b852-48c1-b9ee-9d515b29ce1f","Bi-stable interlocks of sutured ABS geometries- A numerical study in Abaqus","Papoulidou, Sofia (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Lukovic, M. (mentor); Šavija, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Concrete elements, partially or entirely prefabricated are becoming more and more popular in engineering practice. The biggest challenge in this process is the realization of connections between components. These connections fall within two categories: Precast-to-precast connections with hardened parts and
precast-to-in situ connections, where an in-situ concrete element needs to adhere to a precast element. Some kind of interlocking surface might be effectual in both situations. Geometrical interlocking that exists in natural materials (turtle shells, diatoms), is the main inspiration for interlocking mechanisms in engineering practice. The concept of bistable interlocks has been introduced in the past few years to theoretical mechanics. These interlocks could allow many stable positions before the connection collapses, and may provide an additional ”safety boundary” in brittle concrete-to-concrete connections by spreading the nonlinear deformations through the material and making the transformed material less brittle and more damage tolerant. In this research, the properties of bistable interlocked materials will be explored based on the numerical models built. These properties are immediately correlated to the experiments performed. Sensitivity analyses are performed to investigate the parameters that can lead to the optimal behavior of the sutured geometries.","Bi-stable Interlocks; Sutures; Geometrical Interlocking; Multiple Equilibrium Positions","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-12-02","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Concrete Structures","",""
"uuid:106e2bc2-e6d1-4515-b314-cbdd2ad76185","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:106e2bc2-e6d1-4515-b314-cbdd2ad76185","Analysis of extreme rainfall trends based on MEV method with 29 long data series","Zhou, Wenyu (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van der Ent, R.J. (mentor); van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Since the mid-19th century global temperatures have increased significantly, so does the intensity of extreme rainfall. Previous studies have suggested that by the end of the century extreme rainfall intensity would increase by 10.5% and 28.2% for the low and high emission scenarios, and the centennial extreme rainfall would increase by 13.5% and 38.3%. For this model-based result, our aim is to verify it with observed historical data and find out the growth rate of extreme rainfalls. In this study, the MEV method was used to analyze the changes in the intensity of daily extreme rainfall in the 1-year, 10-year, and 100-year return periods at 29 stations and linearly fit them to determine the trends, and finally found that: the extreme rainfall showed an increasing trend in 70% of the stations in all data years, and the average growth rates in the 1-year, 10-year, and 100-year return period are 9.73%, 8.06% and 12.00%, re- spectively. From 1950 to the present, 56% of the stations have an increasing trend of extreme rainfall and the growth rate is 6% and 4% for 1-year and 10-year events, 2.4% for the 100-year events. For the growth rate per decade, the 1-year and 10-year events grow faster after 1950 than data from 1850, and the growth rate of the 100-year events becomes smaller.","Extreme rainfall; Metastatistical extreme value; Tendency Analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-11-30","","","","Geo-Engineering","AES4011-10",""
"uuid:bd27a062-96f3-4fed-92b4-9f0e08612fb3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bd27a062-96f3-4fed-92b4-9f0e08612fb3","Flood Risk Assessment Isiolo River Basin, Kenya: Feasibility of the SLAMDAM in the Isiolo River Basin using the FIS Tool","Cheaz, Tristan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kromwijk, Dominique (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Middelbeek, Lisanne (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Nelen, Louis (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); Sutarto Hardjosusono, Sunar (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor); Ninan, Johan (graduation committee); van den Eijnden, A.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This report provides a flood risk assessment of the Isiolo River Basin, in collaboration with Nelen & Schuurmans (3Di, FIS Tool) and Zephyr Consulting (SLAMDAM). This flood risk assessment includes a study of the current flood risk management in Kenya, and in the Isiolo River Basin in particular, because the need for proper flood management is urgent: various climate studies predict an increase in rainfall and an increase in flood risk as a result of the effects of climate change.
Current flood risk management is inadequate. Kenya has defined 21 flood-prone areas whereof one of them is Isiolo Town. Isiolo Town is located in the ENN basin which is, relatively, the most prone to the effects of climate change compared to the other basins. Furthermore, the ENN basin currently has the highest poverty rate and avoidance of further enlargement in poverty rate is important, so there is a need to mitigate flood risks. Since Isiolo Town is located in the Isiolo River Basin, this basin has been chosen for an in-depth study.
The Isiolo River Basin is an Arid Semi-Arid Land region which is often prone to flash floods. Isiolo Town is a flat area located downstream of mountainous area, the rain which falls upstream flows fast downstream and converges into town, often resulting in inundation. Many hazards, both natural and others, are increasing the flood risk in the basin and specifically Isiolo Town.
This flood risk demands flood risk mitigation measures. One possible measure is the SLAMDAM. The SLAMDAM is a movable water-filled flood-barrier. One dam has a length of 5 meters and a height of 1 meter and the dams can be connected to a desired length. The water stored in the dam can be used afterwards for irrigation or other uses.
To recommend effective areas to implement the SLAMDAM, 3Di and the FIS Tool are used. 3Di is a hydrodynamic model and it creates flood maps for different rain events. These flood maps are used as input for the FIS Tool. The FIS Tool calculates the benefits for deploying the SLAMDAM at a certain location for a particular length. The locations which result in the highest benefit are recommended to deploy the SLAMDAM in case of particular rain events. However, a site visit is required to see whether the modelled situation aligns with the real-life situation and to see whether boundary conditions are met.
The SLAMDAM is also compared to other flood risk mitigation measures. Some were analysed using the FIS Tool, whereas others are evaluated based on five self-formulated ranking criteria. These criteria form the base of a scoring matrix where each relevant mitigation measure is scored on.
The performed research has shown the SLAMDAM to rank the best compared to other mitigation measures, both when using the scoring matrix and when using the FIS Tool. However, it is highly recommended to use the SLAMDAM in combination with a Flood Early Warning System. In this way the community downstream can be warned in time to deploy the SLAMDAM. The FIS Tool is found to be especially valuable in finding proper locations for deployment and the dam can be stored close to these locations, enabling fast deployment of the dam in case of need.","Flood risk; SLAMDAM; FIS Tool; 3Di; Kenya; Isiolo River Basin","en","student report","","","","","","For this project, the disciplines are Water Management, Geo-Engineering and Civil Engineering | Construction Management and Engineering.","","","","","","Water Management","Civil Engineering Consultancy Project",""
"uuid:7d93b43c-6973-40ff-9121-4ba6436d8277","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7d93b43c-6973-40ff-9121-4ba6436d8277","Flash floods in Cebu: monitoring, modelling and preventing","Kasteel, Max (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Hoogendoorn, Niels (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Luxemburg, W.M.J. (mentor); Hoes, O.A.C. (mentor); Coenders-Gerrits, Miriam (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Flash floods are a damaging and recurring problem in Cebu city, Philippines. Very little data is known about the intensities and precipitation amounts and the resulting river discharges. This research project firstly aims to gather as much data as possible on precipitation and river discharges that could cause the floods, it focuses on a small catchment in the city called the Mahiga catchment. Data is gathered by installing three tipping buckets and two trail cameras. The cameras were able to calculate the river discharges using an innovative open-source program called OpenRiverCam. Thanks to this program a hydrograph can be
made of the river for each precipitation event. The used cameras were trail cameras of the Brand Bushnell. During this project it was concluded that, due to their unreliability, using trail cameras with OpenRiverCam is really not recommended. Security cameras with a Raspberry Pi are more suited. Due to bad luck with the weather and faulty material only three different hydrographs could be made during our time abroad (10 weeks). These hydrographs however remained useful for the second part of this research project. The second part consists of modelling the discharge of the Mahiga catchment to different
precipitation amounts using HEC-RAS. HEC-RAS is a computer program meaning Hydrologic Engineering Center’s River Analysis System. The model has been calibrated using the gathered precipitation data from the tipping buckets and the discharge results from OpenRiverCam. Graphs have been made about discharges and accumulated volumes and rating curves. The accuracy of the model is reasonable but should be improved using more discharge events. What stood out was the high infiltration rate and the fast response time of the Mahiga catchment. In section three, the results from the HEC-RAS model are used to understand the impact gabion dams make on reducing the peak flow in the Mahiga creek.
The third part summarises the effectiveness of the gabion dams in preventing flash floods. Unfortunately there is no ’real’ flash flood event captured by the tipping buckets, so three precipitation events are used based on analog measurements of a tipping bucket nearby the catchment. The gabion dams are tested on a maximum precipitation intensity of 35 mm/h, 30 mm/h and 25 mm/h with a total amount of 40 mm. Higher amounts of total precipitation
are realistic, but have a larger time duration and are not considered flash floods anymore. The volume that gabion dams can retain is too little for these large amounts of precipitation and are therefore not in the scope of this report. The results show that with at least five gabion dams, the peak flow reduces for all above mentioned precipitation intensities, but for the 35 mm/h it is getting less effective. The model also showed that the effectiveness is very dependent on the volume that can be retained by the dams. Maintenance of the gabion dams is therefore of crucial importance especially with the large amount of sediments and
debris in the creek.","Flash Floods; HEC-RAS; openrivercam; Gabion dams; Cebu; Philippines; flood monitoring; flood preventing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","",""
"uuid:0db49da8-c601-44b2-a275-80a92d0d0e42","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0db49da8-c601-44b2-a275-80a92d0d0e42","“Adsum ergo sum.” I am here, therefore I am: Indoor localisation for blind people with use of LiDAR scanning and ArcGIS Indoors","Dechamps, Louis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Esch, Marieke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hengelmolen, Maren (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kan, Leo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Yang, Yue (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Verbree, E. (mentor); van der Vaart, N. (graduation committee); van Altena, V.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Blind and visually impaired people currently have inconveniences locating themselves in the indoor environment. No standardized system exists for them yet. After an inventory of the requirements of blind people, different representations do qualify for providing specific information blind people need. The main research question is: ""How can blind people localise themselves (near) real-time in indoor environments with the combination of 3 representations of reality, namely (1) LiDAR point cloud matching, (2) ArcGIS Indoors and (3) Audio dynamic tactile map as the user interface?"". Room detection and positioning of the user within the room are obtained by LiDAR scanning and point cloud matching. The processed point cloud height raster grids are acquired and imported into the Esri ArcGIS platform. The rooms are geo-referenced, and data is enriched by contextual awareness. As a user interface for blind people this report proposes two deliverables: a dynamic tactile map and an added or stand-alone audible supported user interface. Preliminary results of the qualitative validation show positive outcomes. This report is a stepping stone for the possibility of integrating multiple into one device.","Indoor localisation for the blind; digital twins; point cloud matching; adaptive tactile map","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2022",""
"uuid:17ac2025-c048-41fd-95c4-d29f12fdce7b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:17ac2025-c048-41fd-95c4-d29f12fdce7b","Microclimate Analysis of the TU Delft Campus","Pille, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Verhaeghe, Carmel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Ploeger, H.D. (mentor); van Loenen, B. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","With the Urban Heat Island Effect on the rise and 66% of the global population expected to live in the cities by 2050, new ways of building for this urban growth need to be researched. In this report the cooling effects of green and water structures on urban landscapes are examined. To realize this, we opted to recreate a 3D model of the chosen research area based on different
datasets. This can then be used in the simulation software ENVI-met to calculate the effect that these structures have on the microclimate. Firstly, we successfully made a 2D inventory based on the different components necessary to run the simulation.
Secondly, when converting from the 2D data to 3D data, errors occurred as regards to the tree and building datasets. Thirdly, the simulation failed due to a lack of interoperability between the datasets and softwares. Therefore, we are unable to answer the research question. However, after an in-depth assessment of the FAIRness of data, we conclude that by testing, failing and improving the
interoperability of datasets and softwares, we can change our perception of the data we collect and find new ways to store and visualize them.","TU Delft; Campus; University; Microclimate; ENVI-met; Sustainability; Climate Change; Urban Heat Island effect","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Spatial Computing for Sustainable Development","Open Urban Data Governance",""
"uuid:e789469f-4f3a-4f5e-b38e-d01cde61b6b0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e789469f-4f3a-4f5e-b38e-d01cde61b6b0","Geluidsnorm overschrijdingen door het wegverkeer in Delft: Een geodata onderzoek naar geluidsbelasting","Monahan, Jessica (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Everdingen, Noor (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Loenen, B. (mentor); Ploeger, H.D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In Nederland en in de stad Delft wordt geluidhinder door autowegen ervaren door bewoners. Dit kan leiden tot een verminderde gezondheid. Het doel van dit onderzoek is uitvinden waar de geluidsnorm wordt overschreden en hoe dit verminderd zou kunnen worden. Hiervoor is de volgende onderzoeksvraag opgesteld: Waar in Delft wordt de geluidsnorm voor verkeersgeluid overschreden, welke fysische factoren van de wegen hebben effect op de geluidsoverschrijding en welke maatregelen zouden genomen kunnen worden? Om deze vraag te beantwoorden is een literatuurstudie gedaan en een geodata-analyse uitgevoerd. De verkregen geodata is omgezet in kaarten, vervolgens zijn hier ruimtelijke analyses op uitgevoerd. De conclusie is dat het overgrote deel van de wegen een te hoge geluidsbelasting heeft. De maximale snelheid of het wegdek zou hiervoor kunnen worden aangepast.","Delft; Geluidbelasting; Geluidsoverschrijding; Geodata analyse; Wegbedekking; traffic; Noise reduction","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Spatial Computing for Sustainable Development","Minor Spatial Computing for Sustainable Development",""
"uuid:a2be281d-5a28-4ece-998a-31ca8a559da5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a2be281d-5a28-4ece-998a-31ca8a559da5","A mathematical model for optimal fleet and usage price control of EVs with V2G","Liao, Ximeng (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Correia, Gonçalo (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Proposed an MILP mathematical model to optimize the total profits for a EV sharing system considering dynamic usage price and V2G technology.","optimization; Car sharing","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-11-19","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","","51.999102794563456, 4.3755922003555385"
"uuid:9b0977d7-3b31-446e-a45c-6f2c5710016c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b0977d7-3b31-446e-a45c-6f2c5710016c","Turn the Tide: A dive into the possibilities of sustainable water sports","Schreuder, Camiel (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); van Bohemen, Robin (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Speetjens, Simon (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Postma, Marijn (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); van Biert, L. (graduation committee); van der Male, P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This report will give an in depth view on the technical feasibility of placing an offshore platform from which watersports can be practiced in the waters surrounding the island of Bonaire. The feasibility research is done by appointment of two entrepreneurs on the island of Bonaire. The report will give an answer to the research question: Can an offshore floating platform, aimed at fast watersports, be built as sustainable as possible within the context of Bonaire? This research question can be divided into multiple sub-questions, being: 1. What is the context of Bonaire? 2. What is, for this report, the definition of sustainability? 3. What facilities are needed on the platform? 4. How can 100% renewable energy be generated for the platform? 5. What would such a (conceptual) platform look like? To answer these questions, the method as described in Kossiakoff (2011) is used. This method gives structure to the design of a system that has not been used before, but tries to combine older systems in new innovative ways. From this method, three important stages in the design process have been identified: The needs analyses, the concept exploration and the concept definition. This report follows that structure, starting with the chapter: Needs analyses. In this chapter, the report answers the first two sub-questions. The context of Bonaire can be described as: an island with opportunities for every-one, but the local environment suffers from the exponential growth of people and tourists that visit the island. For the second sub-question the definition of sustainability has been placed within this context of Bonaire, leading to a specialized definition of sustainability. This definition combined with the requirements of the clients has lead to a valid need for the platform. The concept exploration, gives options to answer those needs. It does so by researching a broad range of possible facilities for the platform. This broad research eventually leads to a morphological map from which 3 realistic and 1 futuristic concepts are designed. In the concept definition these 3 realistic concepts have been tested by an MCA resulting in one concept that has been worked out for various components, thus answering sub question 5. From this worked out concept, a conclusion is written in where the main conclusion is that an offshore platform aimed at fast water sports van be build sustainable within the context of Bonaire if the clients are able to make some consensus in there plans and the way they will use the platform. Finally, considering the sustainability of the proposed platform, it can be concluded with current technologies it is hard to build a platform without emissions, negative effects or any hidden impact. However, if the schedule and plans of the clients where to change towards a more ’nature dependent’ schedule (so taking peak energy generation into account). The platform could set an example and can even be a global ’first’ when it comes to making the practice of watersports more sustainable.","Sustainability; Floating; Watersports","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:9f30a507-fda3-4d73-aa32-bb7900cb04d0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9f30a507-fda3-4d73-aa32-bb7900cb04d0","CJDB - A simple and efficient data model to store CityJSON in a database","Cai, Cynthia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Meines, Siebren (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Poon, Chris (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Powałka, Leon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Xia, Yitong (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); YAN, LAN (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Ledoux, H. (mentor); Dukai, B. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","A 3D city model uses three-dimensional geometries to represent and model urban environments, in which the building model is the key feature. With the development of computer and data collection technologies, 3D city models are gaining growing capacities regarding storing rich information. This makes 3D city models more potentially useful than ever in the urban application domain.
When implementing 3D city models, the CityGML model is currently the most frequently used standard. It is being used by cities all over the world. CityJSON is an encoding for a subset of the OGC CityGML data model. It is a JSON-based data exchange format for digital 3D models of cities and landscapes, and it is easy for various operations. Due to the uniqueness of its structure, it is necessary to design corresponding data models to store CityJSON files in the database, to make querying and updating data within the database easy and convenient.
There are already some open-source solutions for storing CityJSON files in the database, 3DCityDB is one of them. 3DCityDB can store, manage and visualize data well, and it is open source. But the database design is very complex: for a tile of 3D BAG data, 3DcityDB uses a total of 66 tables to store data. The structure of the data model results in difficulties for database users to understand the imported data, and potentially leads to non-optimal operation performance when retrieving data for urban applications. Based on the drawbacks of the existing DBMS when dealing with the CityJSON data format, this project aims to develop a Postgres data model that can store CityJSON files simply and efficiently. The developed Postgres data model (CJDB) has a simpler table structure and data model design, a CityJSON data importer, and an interactive API user interface.
After going through this document (data model, importer and API section), the potential users will have the ability to:
• Import CityJSON files into a Postgres database,
• Perform queries on imported data,
• Perform operations using CJDB API.
In addition, by reading the benchmarking section, the users can gain an overview of the CJDB’s performance over the 3DcityDB’s.
The CJDB project is open-sourced, available on GitHub page.
The CJDB project will be potentially further developed by 3D geoinformation group of TU Delft and 3DGI.","3D city model; CityJSON; 3DCityDB; Postgres; data model; database","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","GEO1011 Synthesis Project",""
"uuid:d818a87a-9c98-403a-aaa4-3ad80b360f72","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d818a87a-9c98-403a-aaa4-3ad80b360f72","Removing shared faces in 3D datasets for numerical simulations","Therias, Adele (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Theodoridou, Eleni (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); PAPADIMITRIOU, CHRYSANTHI (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Visser, Fabian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Zhang, Fengyan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Panagiotidou, Ioanna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Garcia Sanchez, C. (mentor); Pađen, I. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Currently more than 4 billion people live in urban areas around the globe, a trend that is expected to be increased in the upcoming years. While urbanisation provides the space for innovation and new opportunities, in the meantime physical, technical and social challenges are rising and the cities’ vulnerability is increasing. A tool to tackle these issues are Computational Fluid Dynamics
(CFD) simulations, which can provide insight in various topics.
CFD simulations are valuable for modelling complex urban phenomena such as wind flow, microclimates and thermal comfort. A CFD requires as an input a 3D geometric dataset that represents objects in the urban environment which are most commonly buildings and then according to this input the air flow is simulated around it.
When creating geometries automatically for CFD simulations, several clean up tasks must be completed for them to be usable without any issues. One of the problems arising is related to the redundant faces shared between adjacent buildings, which have no purpose for outdoor flow simulations and cause complications when creating the mesh that is needed for the CFD. This
synthesis project focuses on addressing the aforementioned issue by removing the shared faces.
The ultimate goal of this project was to create an open-source product that can efficiently and in an automated way remove the adjacent faces between buildings. The benefits will be imminent during the meshing process, as we strive to reduce the time that consultancies spend fixing the input geometries before running a CFD simulation, along with an overall improved user experience.
This report is organised in four main sections. The first section is the general introduction of the issue that needs to resolved. The second section defines more in depth the problem and sets the research questions, in accordance to that, in the third section the research methodology is developed. In the fourth section the results of both methods are presented. The fifth sectionfocuses on a reflection of the project, while the sixth section presents the final conclusions. Finally, the seventh section contains the specifics of the project management itself.
The project was carried out in cooperation with Dassault Syst`emes and is developed in the context of the GEO1101 course in MSc Geomatics TU Delft. In addition to this report we have created a GitHub repository (https://github.com/Fabisser/facesBgone) that contains the source code of the two methods.","CFD; Geometry Preparation; Adjacent faces; 3D modelling","en","student report","","","","","","https://github.com/Fabisser/facesBgone R GitHub Repository of ""facesBgone"" project.","","","","","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:5679914b-172c-4978-937c-bb7f98e93242","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5679914b-172c-4978-937c-bb7f98e93242","Forma Project: Mathematic optimization model of the water resources. Elqui basin, Chile","García Grez, Felipe (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Abraham, E. (mentor); ten Velden, Corine (mentor); Faneca, Marta (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","Water Resources Management; aquifer infiltration","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:0d782ccc-8d4f-458b-9017-4cc40c8d19b7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0d782ccc-8d4f-458b-9017-4cc40c8d19b7","Tidal swimming pool design: A multidisciplinary project in L ̈uderitz, Namibia","Elbers, Noa (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kambazembi, Raja (National University of Science and Technology (NUST)); van der Kooij, Bernice (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Shatilwe, Amenenge (National University of Science and Technology (NUST)); Trotereau, Jeremy (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Westerop, Nadine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Aarninkhof, S.G.J. (mentor); Riva, R.E.M. (mentor); Crielaard, R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","tidal pool; tidal swimming pool; Namibia; Lüderitz; pool design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","","-26.630489, 15.165324"
"uuid:ed9d112d-608f-42a2-8da8-3c253185671c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed9d112d-608f-42a2-8da8-3c253185671c","The Good Toilet: Treatment and Valorisation of the waste streams","Verloo, Helena (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","de Kreuk, M.K. (mentor); Schakel, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The Good Roll, a company based in Amsterdam, produces 100% tree-friendly and sustainable toilet paper. Half of their profit goes to their foundation, building toilet facilities all over Ghana, called The Good Toilet. With the concept of The Good Toilet, they want to provide access to sanitation for all Ghanaians, with an economically viable facility, and with the least environmental impact. They want to build toilets all over Ghana, going from school projects to household and community level toilets. The Good Toilet is a whole community centre with toilets, showers, hand washing stations, and a store. There are already 285 toilets built in a first design. This current design is examined in this thesis, as after a field trip in November 2021 some non-foreseen problems came to light. During this field visit samples of the used borehole water were taken and brought back to The Netherlands. The current treatment system, a solid liquid separator and activated coal filter was checked as well. The water used in the facilities seemed to be contaminated with E.Coli, and the effluent stream was entirely clogged. This raised the first research question, namely how the current system can be free from an environmental and health hazard. Secondly it was examined what a new design for the second version of The Good Toilet could be. For this interviews were conducted with people from the emergency context, professors, and people with experience building toilets in low-income countries. Next to this, a literature research was performed and case studies were examined. With this information and estimated guesses a muti-criteria decision matrix within a framework of requirements was created, deciding upon suitable treatment choices for The Good Toilet 2. Next to technical considerations, the social aspect of building toilets in low-income countries was looked at as well, as this could increase the usage of The Good Toilet and therefore decrease open defecation practices in Ghana. For this, inspiration was taken from the SaniTweaks document of Oxfamwash. Combining the technical and social aspects of building toilets, an advice could be drawn up to The Good Roll for their projects in the future","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","",""
"uuid:554ff470-56e5-4314-ace6-c69852358abb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:554ff470-56e5-4314-ace6-c69852358abb","Probabilistic classification of soils based on Local Average Subdivision method and CPT data","Zeng, Sijun (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Varkey, D. (mentor); Hicks, M.A. (mentor); van den Eijnden, A.P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","A random field generator based on Local Average Subdivision (LAS) method is proposed in this study in order to achieve probabilistic soil classification and quantify the uncertainty of the generated most probable geological cross section. CPT data and Robertson’s soil classification chart (1990) are adopted to classify the soil. The sole application of LAS makes the random field unconditional, which has been improved to conditional random field generator by using Kriging interpolation. Both unconditional and conditional generator are tested in an illustrative example and the results indicate that the improvement from unconditional to conditional random field reduces the uncertainty of the most probable result of classifications and the classifications in the unconditional random field will converge if there are enough realizations. Additionally, the conditional random field generator is further applied in a case with three conducted CPTs, which build up a domain with very large scale of fluctuations. It’s found that the uncertainty of the generated most probable result of classifications is pretty low so it’s speculated that the proposed generator can be best applied in a large scale of fluctuation scenario. Another finding in the case study is that the proposed random field generator can be used to verify the reliability of conducted CPTs.","probabilistic soil classification; CPT; random field","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geo-Engineering","Additional Thesis",""
"uuid:971f5dc5-bd21-490f-934e-25ef89ba62d0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:971f5dc5-bd21-490f-934e-25ef89ba62d0","Economic and cost-effectiveness analysis of integrated desalination and brine treatment systems","LI, CHANGLIN (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Loosdrecht, Mark C.M. (mentor); Spanjers, H. (graduation committee); Heijman, Sebastiaan (graduation committee); Ktori, R. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The brine generated from desalination is a threat to the environment, and its disposal has been a great challenge. A new concept Zero liquid discharge (ZLD) can minimize the environmental impact of brine. However, the high costs for construction and running of a ZLD plant limits its growth in desalination market. Therefore, a new strategy integrating brine mining with desalination is proposed to improve its economic performance due to the valuable minerals in brine. A cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) is carried out to assess its economic performance and compare this strategy with other ZLD strategies. The results present that the cost-effectiveness of the studied strategy is lower than ZLD systems which only maximize water recovery. The cost-effectiveness ratio of the studied strategy is 0.056€/kg of freshwater, higher than ZLD maximizing water recovery (0.032€/kg of freshwater). However, its profitability is higher than other ZLD schemes. This study shows that the integrated desalination and brine mining strategy has a great economic potential. Its cost-benefit of is 1.12, far lower than that of ZLD only maximizing water recovery (26.08). In addition, it can be indicated that CEA is not comprehensive enough to assess the economic performance of a multi-product desalination system. It doesn’t include the revenues from by-products, which are an important part of the studied strategy. For further research, a more integrated approach of economic analysis is needed to make a decision on the different alternatives of desalination.","Zero Liquid Discharge; Cost-effectiveness analysis; desalination; brine mining","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:7f40476d-aa63-4906-b266-ceba744b8d5c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7f40476d-aa63-4906-b266-ceba744b8d5c","Changing patterns of thermal behavior of concrete pavements in diurnal periods","Mao, Yuhan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Stache, E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Concrete is affected by a variety of environmental factors, and its temperature varies with time and other meteorological factors. The subsequent construction of the Heat Square is supported by an analysis of concrete temperature changes and their environmental influences. This article evaluates the variation of concrete block temperature by two months of field measurements at the Heat Square and meteorological data from The Green Village. The temperature of the concrete bricks changed asymmetrically, with the cooling time being much longer than the warming time. The maximum temperature occurred in the early morning after sunset, with a 3-hour time delay between changes in concrete temperature. By using partial correlation analysis, the most significant influence of meteorological factors on the surface temperature was the air temperature and the least influence of changes in relative humidity on the surface temperature. The article's analysis offers two suggestions for the Heat Square's construction: (1) Include measurements of near-surface wind speed. (2) Combine temperature measurements taken at various depths. (3) Subsequent research can explore the cooling effect by analyzing the shading effect of plants.","Thermal behaviour; Concrete brick; Temperature based","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering | Concrete Structures","","51.9965929, 4.3775832"
"uuid:249fcd71-4f7d-439f-9580-8c740bc7acbc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:249fcd71-4f7d-439f-9580-8c740bc7acbc","A Quantitative Comparison of the Material-Use for a Form Found and a Conventional Concrete Pedestrian Bridge","Kariouh, Anass (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Popescu, M.A. (mentor); Christidi, N. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Concrete is the most used building material in the world. Its success can be linked back to its mouldability, durability and low cost. Unfortunately, current conventional concrete pedestrian bridge designs do not benefit from these key features and still require bulky shaped cross-sections, whereby part of the concrete does not contribute to the structural strength. This study assesses the potential reduction of material use by combining shot-crete 3D printing (SC3DP) with the application of textile formworks for the production of form found pedestrian bridges, instead of the conventional design and fabrication process.
The present thesis looks at conventional concrete pedestrian bridge design and form found concrete for it examined for four different spans: 5 m, 10 m, 20 m and 45 m. The designs are tested for full vertical loading, asymmetric vertical loading, and buckling. The amount of material required for each span and load case are determined and compared with each other. The results show that the form found concrete pedestrian bridge designs only re-quire a fraction (between 13.0% and 20.0%) of the amount of concrete used for the same design with conventional approaches. The form found concrete pedestrian bridge designs become more material efficient than the conventional designs as the span increases. Dur-ing the calculation process it was ascertained that the conventional concrete pedestrian bridge design cannot reach spans larger than 20 m. It was also observed that the concrete thickness of the shorter span form found concrete pedestrian bridges (5 m and 10 m) is governed by the asymmetric load case and the concrete thickness of the longer span form found concrete pedestrian bridges (20 m and 45 m) is governed by the buckling case. Over-all it can be concluded that the form found concrete pedestrian bridge design is superior with regards to the material use, when compared to the conventional concrete pedestrian bridge design.
In this research, SBS modified bitumen was aged with thin-film oven test (TFOT), followed by pressure aging vessel (PAV), and various contents and proportions of reference rejuvenators, physical rejuvenators, and chemical rejuvenators were applied to the aged bitumen. Dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) tests and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) tests were conducted on aged and rejuvenated bitumen samples to study rejuvenation effects with different types of oil, SBS content, and chemical compounds by comparing rheological and chemical properties. The study showed that the rejuvenation effects of pure oil based rejuvenators are intimately connected to environmental temperature and oil molecular weight. High molecular weight oil provides better rutting resistance in high temperatures and low molecular weight oil provides better cracking and fatigue resistance at low temperatures. Rejuvenated bitumen with chemical rejuvenators performed admirably at high temperatures but with poor cracking and fatigue resistance in low temperatures. Increasing the SBS content in physical rejuvenators improves rutting resistance at high temperatures and reduces cracking resistance but partially improves fatigue resistance at low temperatures. The effects of different oil types and proportions for physical rejuvenators at high temperatures are a little complicated. In rejuvenators with low or medium SBS content, increasing proportion reduces performance, indicating oil is dominant now. In rejuvenators with high SBS content, increasing proportion improves performance, implying SBS is currently leading. For rejuvenators containing rapeseed oil and high SBS content, rising proportion barely affects performance, possibly because high viscosity oil has diminished the effect of high SBS content. For low temperature performance, physical rejuvenators with large molecular weight oil have the worst performance. Furthermore, increasing physical rejuvenator proportion improves the cracking and fatigue resistance of rejuvenated bitumen. In FTIR analysis, the polybutadiene group index IPB of rejuvenated bitumen with physical rejuvenators increases significantly and continues to rise as the proportion or SBS content increases. Moreover, the IPB index increases for rejuvenated bitumen with chemical rejuvenators, and a group of new absorption peaks in the spectrum demonstrated MDI had chemical reactions with degraded SBS polymer and had successfully connected the fracture SBS polymer segment.","SBS modified bitumen; Rejuvenator; Rheological properties; Chemical properties","en","student report","","","","","","","","2024-09-30","","","","Civil Engineering","CIE5050-09 Additional Graduation Work, Research Project",""
"uuid:807c9507-b65e-4287-b6bd-17eb044c24b3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:807c9507-b65e-4287-b6bd-17eb044c24b3","Geothermal mining: The potential for environmentally friendly extraction of valuable components from geothermal brines in the Netherlands","Biagini, Maria Erica (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Hussain, A.A.A. (mentor); Wolf, K.H.A.A. (graduation committee); Bruhn, D.F. (graduation committee); Soleymani Shishvan, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In a world transitioning towards renewable energies and lithium-battery powered cars, there has been an annual increase in demand of 6% for lithium and other rare metals between 2000 and 2008 (Stringfellow & Dobson, 2021a), and this increase in demand is forecast to continue through 2040 (Latnussa et al., 2020). Meanwhile, there is a concern that supply will not be able to keep up with demand. Most of the lithium in the European markets comes from other countries such as Chile and Australia, making the European lithium supply vulnerable to supply chain disruptions, as was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic (Latnussa et al., 2020). In addition, the economic value of lithium has increased more than threefold compared in 2022 compared to 2017 (Latnussa et al., 2022).
The geological information of Northern-Western Europe at the latest stage, gives an explanation to the occurrence of lithium in the Netherlands.
50 water samples of 13 fields are considered for the chemical composition and origin of their brine. All geothermal brines contain dissolved lithium and other metals from the reservoir formation and surroundings, allowing for metal ‘mining’ in an environmentally friendly manner. The highest lithium concentrations in aquifer brines are in the province of Drenthe and Limburg, specifically in the Akkrum-13 gas field (47-48 ppm) and the Californie Geothermie (20-28 ppm). The correlation is positive only for lithium against rubidium and lithium against the vicinity of volcanic intrusions, from mineral mobilization through groundwater flow. There are no specific formations with high lithium concentrations.
In Germany, construction has started on a project to extract lithium from geothermal process water, indicating that it is economically viable (Wedin, 2022). For the Netherlands there are 5 different surface options to extract the highest lithium concentrations. Reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, ion-exchange, sorbents and electrodialysis can be used as direct lithium extraction methodologies. One potential economical method to extract lithium from geothermal brines is by utilizing two centralized lithium extraction plants. A plant for the direct lithium extraction with ion-exchange resins, placed before injection wells, and one for the refinement of the material.
Wave surfing is becoming an increasingly popular sport. Therefore, the demand for year-round good quality waves increases as well. Since a few decades, the sport has found itself a new opportunity: the wavepool. In a wavepool the surfer rides a man-made wave. These artificial waves can be adjusted to ones preferences, can be generated whenever you want and are independent of natural circumstances. Various types of wavepools exist, each with their own technology. Engineers have the ambition to continuously improve technology and efficiency.
Area X is a water recreation area in the Weerd near Roermond. Area X is planning to construct a wavepool in the lake environment of the Noorderplas. To realize the wavepool, Area X has consulted 24/7Waves. 24/7Waves is a company that is researching, developing and operating scalable wavepool concepts. The project ambition is to create waves for beginner, intermediate and advanced surfers.
The wavemaker should generate 150 waves per hour with a ride of 11 to 15 seconds per wave with a wave height up to 2 meters.
So far, no wavepools exist in open water environments. It is unclear in what way the wavepool system and the lake system will interact. On the one hand, it is unknown what the hydrodynamic and morphodynamic impact will be from the wavepool on the lake system. Wave induced bed bank and shore erosion or deteriorated water quality are for example undesired. On the other hand, it is unknown in what way the natural varying conditions of the lake system will affect the performance of the wave. Water level differences or local generated wind waves may not influence the quality of the generated wave.
The design of the wavepool in the Binkhorst should be adjusted such that it can perform in harmony with the natural lake environment of the Noorderplas. Figure 1.1 gives an impression of the generated wave that propagates along the natural lake banks of the Noorderplas. Lake bed and banks that are subject to frequent wave impact are likely to erode (Duró et al., 2020). The most important element of the wavepool to prevent lake bed and bank erosion is the edge of the reef and the gutter. The reef edge eliminates the wave from the wavepool basin and the gutter facilitates the discharge of the water that is washed over the edge.","Surfing; Artificial waves; Wavepool; Wave Attenuation; Bed, bank and shore erosion","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Coastal Engineering","CIE5050-09",""
"uuid:565ea587-c856-4517-b706-8bc7c1ad2989","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:565ea587-c856-4517-b706-8bc7c1ad2989","Mafia Baroque: In search of identity","Shopova, Aleksandra (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In the paper, the architectural style Mafia Baroque (or Mutro Baroque) and its connection to national identity will be the topic of historical research. As the movement was first seen at the beginning of the 1990s, it is strongly influenced by the change of political systems in Bulgaria. In search of representation medium, the arising “new elite” of the new democratic republic confidently portrayed themselves in the public sphere through the means of the baroque-like style. The intriguing character of Mafia Baroque could be described as a cocktail of various stylistic elements, along with the ebullient use of luxurious materials. Its aesthetics were and still are ground for controversial discussions among experts / professionals, journalists, and citizens. Either seen as kitsch and tasteless, or purely fascinating, the Mafia Baroque is an active element of the Bulgarian cityscape. On one hand, the style indicates the rejection of expert opinion, as well as the conscious decision to dispel the memory of the socialist past. On the other hand, Mafia Baroque as a phenomenon of the post-soviet time
can be seen as the result of an attempt and longing for integration in the architectural context of Western Europe. The thesis will take into consideration how the transition from the Soviet regime to democracy has been the trigger for this new architectural style. Additionally, the movement will be discussed in the context of different phenomena across Eastern Europe. As architectural esponses
of various political instabilities, the international examples are aiming to map the similarities and differences in the baroque-like architectural language. Through considering the multiplicity of Mafia Baroque the thesis will focus on investigating the characteristics of the movement as an architectural expression of the search for identity in the Post-Soviet time.","history thesis; Bulgaria; Mafia Baroque; Transition period; identity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:443be217-26c8-4bd9-b3eb-d2a0c348aa1e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:443be217-26c8-4bd9-b3eb-d2a0c348aa1e","Towards OMPs Removal: Application of Visible Light Driven Heterojunction Based BiVO4/BiOI Photoanode for the Degradation of Paracetamol Demineralized Water","Wu, Yiqian (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Ali, A.Z. (mentor); Spanjers, H. (mentor); van der Hoek, J.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Currently, organic micropollutants (OMPs) are continuously and uncontrollably released into the water environment worldwide, as the reason for their special properties, OMPs removal has been a global challenge. This study focuses on acetaminophen degradation by photo-electrolysis (PEC) activities, which is one of the promising advanced oxidation processes (AOP) technologies. First, we report the fabrication methods of the BiVO4/BiOI heterojunction on FTO glass, then characterised the prepared photoanodes with XPS, XRD, SEM, EDS, UV-vis and IPCE. The results demonstrated the BiVO4/BiOI p-n heterojunction had been successfully electrodeposited on the FTO glass. Further, the LSV and EIS analysis in this study showed the BiVO4/BiOI photoanode had less photocurrent density than BiVO4 when carried out in the solution of acetaminophen. Even if the heterojunction did not improve the photocurrent, it significantly enhance the acetaminophen removal efficiency in the PEC degradation process. BiVO4/BiOI photoanode achieved 99% degradation efficiency in 3 hours and obtained 0.019 mi n−1 of the reaction rate constant. Overall, these results indicate that BiVO4/BiOI heterojunction has a great application potential for the degradation of OMPs in the wastewater treatment plants secondary effluent.","Organic Micro-pollutants; Photo-eletrocatalysis; Electrodeposition; p-n Heterojunction","en","student report","","","","","","","","2023-07-11","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","",""
"uuid:7cc59e9a-5e67-4f52-8781-e2f0d79658e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7cc59e9a-5e67-4f52-8781-e2f0d79658e2","Influential: Keys to a Successful Architectural Office in the Euro-American Context","Knettig, Šimon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Although formed by thousands of individual practices, the field of architecture is represented in media by only a narrow group of offices that gained a significant influence throughout their career. On highly visited internet websites such as ArchDaily, or Dezeen, we recognize a reoccurring pattern of these influential offices with their most recent projects or theories. The frequency and visibility of their work provide them with the power to set up trends and directions within the field, thus becoming an interesting subject of research. This paper focuses on what makes these world-renowned offices stand out from the average via parameters provided by architectural councils' annual reports.
The research is limited to US and EU markets only, for the reason of quick data accessibility and the presence of mutual current and historical influence on each other. Furthermore, a time frame was chosen between 2008, at the time of the last great financial crisis, and 2020 at the time of the covid pandemic. Both crises had a significant influence on the capital and workability of individuals, larger corporates, or even countries, thus including the building industry. On the contrary, between these two terms, a stable rise of economies around the world was occurrent, allowing architecture to flourish providing valuable data for the research.
The key sources became study reports by architectural councils in the US and EU bringing exact data about the markets. This data was then compared to interviews with renowned offices and a theoretical body about management in the field of design. At the end of the paper, conclusions are made about what are some of the keys to a successful architectural practice and what problems stand against that endeavor. Such info then serves as an inspiration for other offices, talent-seekers, investors, governmental institutions, scholars, and new generations of architects in the field.
A ZAC consists of a series of dikes that enclose separate reservoirs that are able to temporarily store water. This dampens the peak discharge of the flash flood, which reduces the flood risk of the downstream area. The peak reduction is the main function. The water that is stored is being discharged with a delay, spreading an acceptable discharge over a longer time to discharge the same rainfall event volume.
The first step of the design was to define the system of the ZAC. The ZAC was combined with the creation of an up- and downstream channel with short lengths to fit the structure into the environment. Its design life was set at 50 years, corresponding to a design rainfall event of once per 474 years. To design this structure, it was important to determine the maximum rainfall event discharge and the existing maximum discharge capacity without floods occurring downstream. These 2 factors, together with soil properties and land boundaries, acted as boundary conditions to the system.
In step 2, two locations were considered as potential construction location, both indicated by the client Universidad Polytechnica de Cartagena (UPCT). By applying a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) based on predominantly the water inflow, potential storage area, close company buildings and houses, the more upstream location was chosen.
Step 3: in order to design an adequate ZAC, a model was required to create the before-and-after-construction situation. A hydrological 2D-flow model was created in HEC-RAS. This was closely tied to functional design and design steps were taken iteratively. The 2D-model was able to compute flow in longitudinal and lateral direction, which is strongly needed in a flooded terrain. The most important design parameters to test in the model were the culvert-spillway-structure and the number of reservoirs. The model was validated qualitatively by flood maps from Centro de Descargas del CNIG.
Then, the functional design of the ZAC was done in step 4. The ZAC was placed partially dug into the soil upstream, and partly sticking out of the soil downstream. Upon iteration, it was decided to create 5 reservoirs, because of costs and a smaller marginal peak reduction effect of extra reservoirs. The ZAC is created in combination with a downstream funnel, downstream outflow channel and upstream channel. This means that the reservoirs are enclosed by 2 side dikes and 6 lateral dikes.
Then, detailed design in step 5 followed. The culvert-spillway structure was designed. The aim of this structure is to let water through the reservoirs without overflowing and therefore damaging the dikes. The structure consists of a culvert, spillway and retaining walls. For each element an MCA was set-up to determine the optimal shape, followed by choosing the design alternative. The design is a trapezoidal spillway, an arched culvert and a retaining wall.
With the optimal design, a conceptual design is constructed. In this conceptual design, the reinforced concrete dimensions and governing load combinations are determined. From this, the strength of the ZAC structure is evaluated in the finite element method program DIANA.
Finally, the final design was created. The conclusion is that the combination of structural elements that have been modelled in the system satisfies the aim to reduce the design rainfall event flood wave enough to avoid flood risk to the downstream areas of Murcia. The main uncertainties are the scaling of the data of the design rainfall event and the used soil characteristics. Further research could look into quantitative validation of the 2D-flow model, the implementation of sediment transport in the model and into optimizing bed protection downstream of the ZAC.","Flood abatement control zone; HEC-RAS; MDP; Hydraulic Engineering; Structural Engineering; Conceptual design; 2D flow model","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","MP327","37.838172867122914, -0.9804147203276229"
"uuid:e7de7c16-6235-484e-b70b-a2fce59f321e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7de7c16-6235-484e-b70b-a2fce59f321e","Tracing the Map: Exploring experimental cartographic alternatives and their potential contribution to the improvement of architectural surveying","Zammit, Edward (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sohn, H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","mapping; cartography; experimental; data; site; analysis; narrative; worldbuilding; media","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:c7a873a4-f8af-42e8-b5e4-7b1f0a02ba04","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c7a873a4-f8af-42e8-b5e4-7b1f0a02ba04","The Festival Machine","Prins, Marnix (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Bultstra, H.J. (mentor); Eckardt, H.F. (graduation committee); Marzot, N. (graduation committee); Katsikis, N. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The Festival Machine is an experiment that tests the feasibility of the urbanization of the contemporary festival. The project provides a sustainable indoor festival experience that encourages the exploration of music, which is a hybrid between an outdoor music festival and indoor music venue. It covers a wide spectrum of music genres that include all walks of life and it consist of flexible music halls that can be divided. Dual functions are integrated to keep the building running on a festival and a non-festival day.","indoor festival; hybrid; Dual functions","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Public Building","Public Building: Music Marvel","52.0676669, 4.3432872"
"uuid:aeb205a2-2962-4ca5-b913-82e143646d27","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aeb205a2-2962-4ca5-b913-82e143646d27","Zwolle: The redevelopment of a fortified city","Klappe, Jens (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Teunissen, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Demolition or renovation has always been a matter of debate in the built environment, especially in densely populated cities with little room for new construction. In the past, people often opted for the former, demolition, but today people are increasingly realizing what has already been lost over the years. Many old fortified cities have also been wrestling with this dilemma for years; to what extent and in what way can we translate our history as a fortified town into the new built environment?
By means of aesthetic images and illustrations, supported by textual explanations, an analysis was made of how the old fortress city of Zwolle dealt with this issue. Zwolle proves to be one of the cities that in recent decades has very consciously dealt with its history as a fortified city; the city canal, part of the fortress and even the city gate have all been preserved and well maintained. Also, several aspects that have been lost over the years have been brought back. The municipality of Zwolle has deliberately chosen this path and also has no intention of deviating from it in the coming years, as is evident from the new regional plan. In this plan, the municipality of Zwolle clearly states its position on the preservation and conservation of these iconic structures.","AR2A011; History Thesis; Zwolle; Redevelopment; Fortified City; Cultural Heritage; Architecture; Urban Planning; Urban Area Development","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.5127508, 6.0929646"
"uuid:87ce3acb-9346-4b9a-84a8-da95f9cf31d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:87ce3acb-9346-4b9a-84a8-da95f9cf31d4","A case study of the new breakwater of the Port of Genova: Comparing the PIANC design method with the new EUROCODE","BACHRAS, SERAFEIM (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Antonini, A. (mentor); Kuiper, C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Breakwaters used to protect harbours and coastal areas worldwide are one of the most common coastal structures. The complexity of the physical processes associated with the design has led to the development of many empirical formulas while a standardized method for the selection of breakwaters’ design parameters in the EU does not yet exist. The most common approach to design such a structure nowadays entails using information and recommendations from design manuals and guidelines such as PIANC and the Eurotop Manual. A new Eurocode 1 which includes specific considerations for coastal structures such as breakwaters is in the development process. This study aims to compare the PIANC method with the method to derive actions/loads included in the Eurocode proposal prEN1991-1-8. To do so the following research question has been formulated:
“What differences between the PIANC method and the method proposed by the new EUROCODE in the design of a vertical wall breakwater can be identified, using the new breakwater at the Port of Genoa as a case study?“
As mentioned in the question, a case study is used. The Port of Genoa, one of the biggest ports in Italy plans to construct a new vertical wall breakwater. An initial design is openly available along with wave and water level data. This design is assessed using both methods and is further optimized. The aim is to gain insights into the differences between the PIANC and the new method.
At first, the failure mechanisms of such a structure are defined along with the safety factors and parameters. The data required to perform such an assessment is also an important aspect of the exercise. Most of the data are openly available during the consulting phase for the new breakwater in Genoa. In cases where extra data were necessary, they were based on the literature or on reasonable assumptions.
Based on the failure mechanisms and the retrieved data, the initial breakwater cross-section was assessed. The assessment both with the PIANC method and the new Eurocode proved that this design is sufficient and can be further optimized to decrease its costs. A high-level optimization is also conducted as part of this study in order to better understand the differences between the two methods. It can be concluded that the differences lay more in the method than in the actual result. For example, the proposed Eurocode creates a stable theoretical framework of how to choose a return period. The actual number may be very similar to the one that one would have used either way, but the choice can be argued in a better way.
On the other hand, the use of the new Eurocode revealed some problems and inconsistencies in the document which is confusing in certain parts. In addition, the new Eurocode which among others aims at standardizing the design process. However, parts like the combination of wave and water level actions and the choice of return period for the two main limit state functions are relatively clearer providing a solid base.
current sensitivity to size can be overcome if a more evenly distributed training dataset is used. On top of this, it should be noted that this research only serves as an exploratory analysis on the application of the algorithm and it should thus still be explored if our results based on augmented data, also apply on real data.","Icebergs; YOLOv5; Object Detection; SAR","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:bc433ced-6b42-4443-a8f4-4dc3fa21b694","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc433ced-6b42-4443-a8f4-4dc3fa21b694","Literature review on beam buckling lengths and methods to calculate the real buckling length","Slingerland, Bas (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","van den Bos, W. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In this literature study the buckling of frames is investigated. Two frames are considered, where both consists of two columns and a girder. The first step was looking at the behavior of a single column under an compressive load. This results in so called effective lengths for different sets of boundary conditions on the column. Because in a frame the multiple columns and girders work together, the buckling mode also depends on the frame itself and the neighboring beams. There are two types of frames according to their buckling mode, a sway and a non sway frame. For determining the effective buckling lengths Eurocode 3 is studied for general rules for frames and calculation methods for effective lengths. Also the method from the AISC standard is described shortly. After that, it is investigated what methods the FEM programs use. Beside these methods, another method has been found and will be demonstrated on both situations. In the last chapter the results are summarized and a final conclusion and recommendation are made.","frame buckling; effective buckling length","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Mechanical Engineering | Multi-Machine Engineering","frame buckling",""
"uuid:c162515b-1aa6-4dd3-b9bc-73e2ff2b34ba","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c162515b-1aa6-4dd3-b9bc-73e2ff2b34ba","Uncertainties related to strain measurements in piles","Arya, Himani (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Gavin, Kenneth (mentor); Duffy, K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In recent years, distributed fiber optic sensing (DFOS) technology has been widely used in monitoring the strains developed in the structures.
The main focus of this report is to identify strains distribution while hammering/
jacking pile and analyzing the uncertainties between the theoretical, measured strain through datalogger in concrete and steel piles. This assessment is done to gain confidence over the feasibility of using DFOS technology. Fiber optic cables are embedded all along the length of the concrete and steel piles with ends connected to the datalogger. To confirm the accuracy of the datalogger, other strain measuring devices like load cell and strain gauges are also glued to the piles. For both the piles load with in the yield limit is applied and strains are measured. fTb 2505 datalogger posses high accuracy with lower spatial resolution where as Luna Odisi datalogger has high spatial resolution and less accuracy which can be directly reflected through the strains obtained from both datalogger. Results obtained from steel pile reflects that strains obtained from Luna Odisi datalogger and load cell matches with in the accuracy and with no slippage . But for concrete piles fTb 2505 datalogger shows more fluctuating strains as compared to the strain gauges with uncertainties included in both the devices.","Data logger; BOFDA; strains","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:af155c23-3885-43f5-96d3-d849be2850ed","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:af155c23-3885-43f5-96d3-d849be2850ed","Redevelopment of the Riverfront of Rosario: Civil Engineering Consultancy Project","den Brave, Renske (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Doormaal, Thijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kuster, Tom (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Termote, Daniëlle (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Veen, Cristel (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Westerink, Daan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Houwing, E.J. (mentor); Chan, P.W.C. (graduation committee); Mai Van, C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This study aims to create a redevelopment plan for the riverfront of Rosario by proposing a new spatial plan. This redevelopment plan is based on four themes that fall in line with the vision of the municipality in order for the riverfront to reach its full potential. These four themes are accessibility, safety, innovation and sustainability which form the basis for the six initiatives. Aiming for an enhancement of port-city integration and possibly solve some of the technical and social problems the city is facing. To reduce the scale of this research, a smaller scope has been selected which starts from Parque España till Parque de la Arenera. Within this area an attempt will be made to investigate what initiatives are feasible and what value they add. It is proposed to carry out water hubs, the reuse of stranded boats and port elements, a port museum, tourist information boards, water taxis or -buses and the restoration of the riverbanks to also enhance the port-city integration whereof there is a lack of at the moment. To strengthen the initiatives technical feasibility is also performed to the project. It is recommended to further analyse the proposed solutions for enhancing port-city integration and perform a more detailed technical feasibility.","Riverfront redevelopment; Port-city integration; Technical feasibility analysis; Engagement strategy; Spatial plan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","Civil Engineering Consultancy Project | CIE4061-09","-32.9134374, -60.7372634"
"uuid:0e49a61c-55e6-46c8-807e-0dca0dba1141","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0e49a61c-55e6-46c8-807e-0dca0dba1141","Assessment on AnMBR for Removing Lipid and Carbohydrate from POME","Zha, Qinying (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Al-Muraisy, S.A.A. (graduation committee); Lindeboom, R.E.F. (mentor); van Lier, J.B. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Palm oil is a popular ingredient in domestic products. The palm oil industry has been growing rapidly over the past decades, so that the amount of palm oil mill effluent (POME) generated from the palm oil production has been increasing as well. The anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) is a treatment solution that can remove organic pollutants from POME while generating methane as an energy source. In comparison to conventional anaerobic digestors, the AnMBR technology has an additional membrane unit that can produce effluent with higher water quality. More specifically, if ultrafiltration is applied, the AnMBR will be able to effectively remove bacteria from the effluent, making it suitable for direct fertigation (Uman et al., 2021; Bray et al., 2021). However, in cases where infectious viruses are also present, further disinfection method might be required. In this experiment, a lab-scale AnMBR system was used for POME treatment. In order to evaluate how well the system can perform in terms of pollutant removal and methane production, under the controlled experimental conditions, several criteria were monitored: (1) chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, (2) biomass growth, (3) biogas production, (4) digestion efficiency, and (5) volatile fatty acids (VFA) accumulation. A Long chain fatty acids (LCFA) analysis method was developed using the liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), to elaborate on underlying conversion mechanisms. A COD balance analysis was also conducted. Factors that would potentially contribute to the COD gaps in the COD balance analysis were quantified and discussed in this paper as well to validate the experimental results. The solid retention time (SRT) was controlled at 140 days, and the organic loading rate (OLR) at 3 gCOD·L-1·d-1 during the first phase of the experiment, when synthetic POME and VFAs were added to the bioreactor. During the second phase, the SRT and the OLR of POME remained the same, whereas the VFAs were replaced by starch and the OLR of starch was increased, in order to simulate the real POME composition, because in addition to lipid, carbohydrate and protein are also found in POME. During Phase I, the AnMBR system could remove 98%-99% of the incoming COD, and produce about 5 L of methane each day. During Phase II, the microbes did not have enough time to adapt to the new experimental condition, but the stability of the AnMBR system could be achieved overtime, when the mixing is improved and the buffer solution is adjusted properly according to the pH variation. Although, based on the positive biomass net growth and the increased methane production, it could be predicted that adding carbohydrates to the feed for a more representative POME composition would promote biomass growth and methane production, suggesting that the AnMBR system would have higher potential when the real POME is used for energy recovery.","palm oil mill effluent (POME); anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR); anaerobic digestion (AD); ultrafiltration (UF); solid retention time (SRT); organic loading rate (OLR); chemical oxygen demand (COD); biomass; biogas; methane; volatile fatty acids (VFA); long chain fatty acids (LCFA); COD balance","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:bf65779d-fac9-4ced-a745-047129d2d8ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf65779d-fac9-4ced-a745-047129d2d8ec","Experiment report on steel-concrete-composite bridge deck without mechanical connectors (Verbundträger)","Jørgensen, Anders (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Yang, Y. (mentor); Poliotti, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","bridge deck; Composite structure; Fiber optic sensors","en","student report","","","","","","","","2023-06-30","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:c9eb0f3e-5968-4903-9662-7b95cc853447","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c9eb0f3e-5968-4903-9662-7b95cc853447","Potential Hydrogen Export Port in Río Negro: A Multi-Criteria Analysis on the Optimal Location for a Potential Hydrogen Export Port in the Province of Río Negro, Argentina","van Bergen, Karine (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kok, Marin (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Berning, Max (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Middeldorp, Olmo (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Gallardo Torres, Victor (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hoek, Wouter (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Arecco, Pablo (mentor); Taneja, P. (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (mentor); Levington, Melisa (mentor); Zivojnovic, Pedja (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Over the last years, the urge to reduce the world’s air pollutants is rapidly growing. New possibilities in order to replace fossil fuels have been explored and one of them is the usage of green hydrogen. The Argentinian, North Patagonian, province of Río Negro, has a great potential to generate green hydrogen on a large scale, due to the available natural resources. Therefore, the province is ambitious to contribute in the developing worldwide sustainable energy market by producing and exporting green hydrogen.
Argentina is located at a large distance from the expected green hydrogen sales market in Europe and Asia. In order to reach competitiveness with respect to other future hydrogen ports, the use of a Free-Trade Zone (FTZ) is considered. This is a delimited territory within a country in which tax benefits can be enjoyed. The Province of Río Negro is considering three different locations for a potential green hydrogen export port:
- Punta Colorada Muelle, is an old iron ore export port that is out of operation since 2016. It is located within a FTZ. The deteriorated dry bulk jetty could potentially be reused by accommodating the liquid bulk loading infrastructure.
- Punta Colorada South, is a location roughly one kilometre south of old iron ore export port and is also located within a FTZ.
- Puerto Lobos, is located on the border of the provinces of Río Negro and Chubut. It has potentially favourable bathymetric and hydrodynamic characteristics.
The following main research question is formed:
”Which location between Punta Colorada Muelle, Punta Colorada South and Puerto Lobos is the most suitable for a potential hydrogen export port in Río Negro?”
A conceptual qualitative Multi-Criteria Analysis is executed to compare the locations. In order to complete this analysis, firstly the hydrogen export port requirements and criteria are defined. Subsequently, primary and secondary data is collected. The primary data consists out of fieldwork surveys, including a topographic analysis, a hydraulic analysis and a structural analysis. The structural analysis is completed solely on the existing jetty at Punta Colorada Muelle, in order to create an understanding of the current state of the jetty. Furthermore, interviews are conducted with the director of the Maritime and Fluvial Research Center (CIEMF), the executive director of investment agency of the Government of Río Negro, and an ex-employee of the previous mining company at Punta Colorada Muelle. Secondary data on all locations is gathered through literature studies and presented documents from stakeholders.
With data from the field survey several detailed maps are made. A bathymetry map shows the sea bed profile from Punta Colorada Muelle until Punta Pórfido. A topographic map shows the ground level elevation for Punta Colorada Muelle. An interactive map of the jetty is made which contains all the gathered photographs of the structural components and indicates their level of corrosiveness. Next to that the stakeholders are displayed in a power-interest diagram.
Due to the limited information and the quality of the information that was gathered at Puerto Lobos no fair comparison between the locations can be made. Both locations at Punta Colorada have potential to construct a green hydrogen export port. The jetty at Punta Colorada Muelle has the potential to be used in the short-term if it is restored. Punta Colorada South has the advantage that potential future port operations will not depend on dated infrastructure. Next tot that there is no interference with the iron ore port authority. Puerto Lobos has the disadvantage that there is no FTZ and that is situated adjecent to a marine protected area.
To properly compare all three locations, bathymetric and aerial surveys that were completed at the Punta Colorada locations will need to be repeated at Puerto Lobos. To create a more definitive conclusion on any location, additional research like a CPT and an in depth analysis of the structural capacity of the jetty is required.
From the bathymetric surveys another potentially interesting location was found in Punto Pórfido. It is recommended this location is researched further.
Three alternative scenarios for phasing the port construction and operation are presented. These scenarios differ in permanent, temporary or no use of the current jetty at all.","Green hydrogen; Port; Argentina; Multi-Criteria Analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project","-41.696005, -65.016995"
"uuid:54b8e362-c1d1-487d-8b3a-75e53606fd48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:54b8e362-c1d1-487d-8b3a-75e53606fd48","A data-based ex-ante assessment method for ramp metering","Huang, Kelton (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hegyi, A. (mentor); Taale, Henk (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:7fcc2af1-0d64-4c4e-84a4-ca8f28f880e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7fcc2af1-0d64-4c4e-84a4-ca8f28f880e2","The New Dutch Waterline: The (Hi)story of the Landscape","de Jong, Sjimmie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis is written after reviewing the UNESCO nomination report for the New Dutch Waterline (NDW). in the report and other literature regarding the NDW there is a very dominant blind spot regarding the vegetation and its historical value. This thesis tries to albeit in a modest way address this gap in the literature by setting the first steps of doing an analysis trying to answer the question: what is the historical value of the vegetation around fort Rhijnauwen. To arrive at a complete understanding of the landscape, the vegetation and being able to interpret these, the research will introduce the term genius loci as described by Schulz. After this the thesis will start on the general aspects of the NDW, zooming in per chapter on the topic of vegetation and the specific case study fort Rhijnauwen. The conclusion is that many of the described stages of history are upon closer inspection indeed readable in the landscape of the case study, giving it historic significance, the depth of the analysis however is limited and further or more detailed research could lead to an even better understanding of the landscape.","Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie; historical value; Vegetation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:473d53c1-85bd-47df-a764-9a0c99bebe45","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:473d53c1-85bd-47df-a764-9a0c99bebe45","Estimating Longitudinal River Profiles using Maximum Entropy Production","Trotereau, Jeremy (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hrachowitz, M. (mentor); Stancanelli, L.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","Maximum Entropy Production; river landscape; Rivers; Riverscape system","en","student report","","","","","","This report was the final deliverable in an Additional Thesis performed during the regular Master program.","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:978ea526-4e5c-404f-9feb-69f6dae714df","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:978ea526-4e5c-404f-9feb-69f6dae714df","A case study of Heritage: Living Tradition Mount Athos and its Built environment","DOUKAS, KONSTANTINOS (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","religious heritage; religious architecture; byzantine architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:c13e7d71-f691-4624-a6d5-d28712f65f32","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c13e7d71-f691-4624-a6d5-d28712f65f32","Emotion is temporary, urbanism forever?: Roombeek, Enschede","Hogenkamp, Laura (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This study aims to determine to what extent collective trauma played a role in the development of the new urban plan of Roombeek and how this affected the district in the last 20 years. What were the consequences of these decisions for the residents of Roombeek?
To answer the research question, theoretical research is conducted about the relation between mental health, spatial planning and post-traumatic urbanism. Furthermore, the historical context of Roombeek and Enschede is analysed. In the last chapter, the spatial plans of Roombeek and the policy decisions are researched. A comparison between policy and practice is an important aspect of this study to construct a narrative about what happened after the disaster.","collective trauma; spatial planning; Enschede; Roombeek; firework disaster; post-traumatic urbanism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.23232049441707, 6.8947792053222665"
"uuid:7143a1f1-70bc-43c1-8bbc-7691755c7ffd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7143a1f1-70bc-43c1-8bbc-7691755c7ffd","Effect of Climate Warming on Alpine Soil Decomposition in Western Norway: The Tea Bag Index and soil respiration along an altitudinal gradient","Little, Emma (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van de Wiel, B.J.H. (mentor); Gaudard, Joseph (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Litter decomposition in soils is a microbial process linked to soil respiration, affected by soil composition as well as environmental factors such as temperature and moisture. For alpine areas in particular, these stand to vary significantly with climate change. To characterize the impacts of these projected changes on the carbon fluxes and carbon cycling in the environment, this study uses turf transplants along an altitudinal gradient in Western Norway. Warming is simulated for alpine and subalpine soils. Because the soils differ in composition, this enables the quantification of the influence of soil composition on soil litter decomposition and respiration. Decomposition is quantified using the standard Tea Bag Index (TBI) where the mass loss of buried rooibos and green tea bags over an extended period is used to model the labile and recalcitrant fraction of litter in the soil. Respiration CO2 fluxes are quantified from concentration measurements in an infrared gas analyzer (IRGA, LI-84A, LICOR) across a prescribed period and bare soil area. Results from this study show that simultaneous optimal soil moisture and temperature conditions maximize soil respiration and litter decomposition rates. These optimal ranges are 15-35% for soil moisture and the maximum measured 22 oC for temperature. However, the impacts of the conditions individually are more complex: soil moisture is positively correlated with soil respiration, while the correlation with temperature is inconclusive. Decomposition rates and stabilization factors for the Liahovden, the alpine site, consistently exceed those for Joasete, the sub-alpine site, which contains less soil organic matter (SOM) and carbon. With warming, Joasete exhibits opposing behavior to that of Liahovden: reduced decomposition rates and litter stabilization. These findings suggest that the availability of nutrients due to soil moisture and the soil composition itself are the most important factors determining the carbon emissions and cycling in the soil. Nevertheless, under coupled optimal conditions (warmer climate with soil moisture at approximately 35%), there is a clear maximum in flux. The complexity of the interrelations of soil moisture and temperature for different soil types supports further research on the topic, with more replicates and soil moisture content variation plot by plot.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:5dda136e-44db-4dac-9f11-bcac8822ed04","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5dda136e-44db-4dac-9f11-bcac8822ed04","Changing perspectives on Gdansk Shipyard redevelopment: Story of the complex and dynamic interrelation of interests in the area of fallen industry","Adamik, Marta (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The thesis tackles the topic of the redevelopment of Gdańsk Shipyard. It is a historically, architecturally, and emotionally important space, both for the city but also for Poland and Europe. Throughout the years there were many visions on how to tackle this difficult space. The thesis constructs a timeline that assigns actions undertaken by various stakeholders throughout the last 25 years (1996-2021). Additionally much more information and diverse material are being added based on information present in public debate. More attention is brought to the citizens being equal stakeholder as well as additional material is documented on recent years' planning.
The starting point for analysis is the bankruptcy of the shipyard in 1996 and the end are most recent events and projects done in the area. The timeline together with an analysis of the current situation aims to see how the urban views shifted during that time and what has changed. Additionally, the aim is to try to answer questions currently present in the public debate like:
Are the current plans better than before, or is it simply a disguise of profit-oriented development? Will the historical, physical and emotional heritage be preserved? What are the key aspects of focus for the improvement of the process of redeveloping the area?","AR2A011; shipyard; Gdańsk; stakeholders","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:702dedb7-3d1c-49e1-93b5-54bc9b2a669d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:702dedb7-3d1c-49e1-93b5-54bc9b2a669d","The architect confronting neoliberal building processes: A study of d'Architecture magazine, from 1980 to nowadays","Fabre, Elodie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Facing the new challenges of the neoliberal building industry, the architect's profession seems to be evolving. This report studies the case of the French architectural profession and its transformation throughout the development of neoliberalism. An architectural magazine is used as the source to understand these mechanisms.","AR2A011; Neoliberalism; France","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:61beceb7-102f-40c8-9617-d3ad27fbc7f8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:61beceb7-102f-40c8-9617-d3ad27fbc7f8","The investigation of animal burrows in levees: Using experimental data to develop a probabilistic model that aims to improve the efficiency of manual inspection of animal burrows on levees","Idsinga, Johannes (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lanzafame, R.C. (mentor); Rikkert, S.J.H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Animal-induced anomalies on a levee surface negatively affect the erosion-resistance of a levee, leading to rapid failure of the inner slope in case of overtopping and/or overflow during high water. Where active prevention techniques of burrows from large animals, such as muskrats, are applied in and around levees in the Netherlands, the identification of smaller burrow holes made by voles and moles and the evaluation of the severity of the damage rely solely on the assessment and experience of the levee inspector.
The Polder2C’s project aims to quantitively assess the impact of animal burrows on the levee surface by conducting experiments at the Living Lab Hedwige and Prosper Polder (LHPP) and this thesis aims to contribute in this by analyzing the experiment results and developing a model for levee inspection that includes uncertainties of the geometrical characteristics of vole and mole burrow systems.
This thesis distinguishes two phases, the first of which focuses on the question: ‘How do animal burrows influence levee performance?’, and it aims to form a foundation for the second phase of the report by focusing on the behavior of burrowing animals and the geometrical characteristics of their burrows by conducting a literature review on existing research on this topic. Guidelines were set up that contribute to the identification of mole and vole burrow system by investigating the main differences between them, with the aim to easily identify separate burrow hole groups in the experiment data. These conclusions could then be used to identify different vole and mole burrow hole groups in data that was collected from several experiments at the Living Lab Hedwige and Prosper Polder (LLHPP) between October 2021 and February 2022 and answer the research question for the second phase, which was: ‘Based on data from levee inspection experiments, which probabilistic model can assess the inspection success rate of animal burrows?’.","Mole burrows; Levees; Vole burrows; Animal burrows","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","",""
"uuid:728a9f63-fb8c-49fe-a814-2b6dd44bcb28","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:728a9f63-fb8c-49fe-a814-2b6dd44bcb28","Physical and Virtual Spaces of Grieving: Redifining commemoration via digital tools in COVID-19","Sarra, Christina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Life is a linear progression of the past, present, and future. Death is an inevitable part of this sequence, signifying the end. As an emotional response to a loved one’s death, grief comprises several emotions and stages. Since antiquity, the commemoration of the deceased has been an integral part of emotion management for the bereaved. Northern European artists and writers perceived nature as a symbol of grief and death. Cemeteries such as the Woodland cemetery in Stockholm, Sweden, confirm this tendency. Funerary spaces interweave the physical and the spiritual world by containing grief in nature and experimenting with shadow and light and the presence or absence of materiality.
The recent COVID-19 pandemic and the massive deaths resulted in an emergency in funeral services worldwide. Restrictions such as social distancing, the use of face masks, isolation, a limit on the number of guests allowed, and not being allowed to touch the deceased’s body severely affected the way grief is experienced among the bereaved. The outburst of COVID-19 also affected the way funerary rituals were performed. Several funeral rituals were broadcasted digitally, making the body no longer the physical means of mourning. These practices have given birth to new grieving rituals on the Internet, an immaterial tool designed to instantly share moments of the users’ lives. However, are these emerging means of digital mourning as effective as material mourning? How should designers treat funerary architecture in the rapidly digitalizing age we live in? What can architecture learn from digital mourning rituals?","mourning; grief management; Cemetery; Digital Tools; Ritual; Digital mourning; death; memorial architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:cfc1add4-3316-47a1-9560-799956e230ad","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cfc1add4-3316-47a1-9560-799956e230ad","Long Work Hours: The Causes and Consequences of Long Work Hour Culture in the Architecture Practice","Kolmas, Mats (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In the field of architecture, there reigns a stigma of long working hours, in university, and practice. This paper sets out the causes of the long work hour culture that relate to the practice of architecture and the consequences and choices it may bring along. Based on existing research findings, seven major causes provoke long work hour culture, among which are primarily associated with the practice of architecture: joy and pleasure derived from work, striving for perfection, love for their job, and the function of hours of colleagues. Long work hour culture, which is working more than 49 hours a week, besides physical damage, reduces the well-being of its participants and thereby their productivity. Even though a long work hour culture sometimes feels imposed, it is ultimately the actor’s choice. Out of interviews deducted from practitioners of two architecture practices, the seven causes are examined, but the proposed hierarchy in terms of relatability, varied between the two firms, showing the variation of applicability in the wide range of different firms. The addition of alternative proposed causes by actors in the field shows the complexity and extent of the long work hour culture in the practice of architecture, and the stringent work ethics it brings along in the 21st century.","Work Ethic; Long Work Hour Culture; Practice of Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:bfbd3d0b-9d07-430b-b045-c8efbc18c3aa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bfbd3d0b-9d07-430b-b045-c8efbc18c3aa","The 'New Flower' - The modern city of Addis Ababa as a symbol of African union in the 1960s: Modernity in the spirit of decolonization and pan-Africanism","Zeru, Feven Gebeyehu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The 1960s marked the start of a new era for Ethiopia. While Africa was in the phase of decolonization, Ethiopia gained more importance due to its status as the only non-colonized country in Africa. In the context of these historical developments, the emperor Haile Selassie aimed to modernize Addis Ababa, which was supposed to be recognized on the global map, with architectural designs that would make his country proud. However, how exactly did Addis Ababa undergo this process of modernization? And how was the representation achieved through architecture ? In this period, there was a great number of international architects who contributed to the modern cityscape of Ethiopia. But especially the architects Michael Teodros and Zalman Enav who worked together in a joint firm, have made a very great contribution. For the understanding of Ethiopian modernism it becomes inevitable to understand their approach and to address their works of modern architecture.
In order to understand how modernism expressed itself in Addis Ababa in the 1960s, this work will analyze architectural features of a political and residential building built by these architects. The documentation of the projects is provided by the Israeli Planning, Architecture and Development in Africa (ISPADA) archive, an online archive that studies Israel’s past involvement in architecture and documents architectural projects designed by Israeli architects. This work will explore in what way these projects contributed to the former plan of the emperor to create a modern capital of an unified Africa and if they actually led to the creation of a new African identity.
although an estimate of when it emerged can be made. Based on the findings from the literature and case study analysis, it can be concluded that Islamic architecture had an influence on the architectural Gothic style during the Middle Ages. The Islamic architecture itself was a synthesis of different architectural influences due to the variation of the Middle East. Both architectural styles share similarities in characteristics that were transferred through various methods. Gothic architecture and Islamic architecture both want to show the godly through nature, this concept manifests itself in the usage of ornamentations. This influence is shown through historical examples and first examples in the world that show certain concepts and techniques that originated from the Middle East region.","AR2A011; Gothic Architecture; Middle Eastern architecture; byzantine architecture; Architectural Influence; The history of Gothic architecture,; Islamic Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:28f6b681-e188-48fd-a162-3c31fba85b74","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:28f6b681-e188-48fd-a162-3c31fba85b74","Charlotte Perriand – from machinal design to craftsmanship: The change of Perriand’s design perspective through time","Licht Pradillo, Iris (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis investigates the life of Charlotte Perriand. Specifically her ideas on design and architecture. At the beginning of her career being inspired by the industry and machines and later inspired by natural forms and materials.
The primary source is the autobiography of Perriand, where she has explained first-hand her relationships both professional as well as personal and her travels abroad. Additionally, research articles and biographies will be used for the literature research, as well as a documentary about her life and work.
The thesis explores the shift in design style from traditional to modernist in her early career and how she was inspired by machines to create functional and elegant furniture in the first part. The second part explores the cause and the change that her design style underwent, as she stepped away from machinal design and started spending time outdoors, working with natural materials, and making nature accessible to people through her leisure architecture. In the last part her travels and especially her time in Japan are studied and the influence she had on Japanese export. Furthermore, her later work is discussed and how it was inspired by her travels and the way she was capable to adapt to different contexts and embracing them in her designs.","AR2A011; Charlotte Perriand; modernism; machinal design; craftsmanship; Japan; women in architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:62f15b50-d029-4123-b8d8-92f256b93ced","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62f15b50-d029-4123-b8d8-92f256b93ced","Creative office spaces under investigation: About the crime of uninspiring creative spaces in architectural offices","Damstra, René (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The aim of this research is to understand creativity related to three separate subjects, ‘creativity in mind’, ‘creativity in space’ and ‘creativity in practice’. All of the three subjects are linked to the creative spaces of the architectural office. It is the question, ‘’How did the interior of creative spaces within the architectural office form and how has it developed as a reflection of the architects creativity?’’ that will be answered. Creativity proves to be essential for arts, new inventions, innovations and human expression. Creativity often takes place in the studio, which is in essence a workspaces to bring creatives together to work hard, collaborate and learn from each other. The workspaces can both facilitate and stimulate the creativity of the people inside. The ability to produce something that is both original or innovative and possess utility or value for someone, proves to be an important part of the work of an architect. Creativity is, however, an integral part of the architect and architecture, which reflects on the workspaces of an architect. Personal preferences and the personal quest for creativity claim to a large extent the influence on the architect's workplace. Famous books about creativity, written by authors and philosophers are used as a source of information. Researches and studies of scientists are added to support and prove the literature. Creativity linked with the workspaces of architects and as a reflection of the mind of the architect, fills the gap between separate researches about creativity, architects and its workspace. The case studies of architectural firms, all located in the north of the Netherlands, add an additional layer of renewed information.","AR2A011; Creativity; Workspaces","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:933020fe-29b8-4d7b-9f7e-5f34956c4684","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:933020fe-29b8-4d7b-9f7e-5f34956c4684","The settlement of designers in Philips heritage in Eindhoven","Wiezer, Jeroen (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In this thesis, the reasons for designers to settle in Philips heritage in Eindhoven is discussed. The question is twofold, as it aims to discover why designers settled in Eindhoven on the one hand and why they then decided to move into the former Philips buildings on the other. The answer is that it was a combination of circumstances that drove the designers to the city, but due to Eindhoven’s spirit as city of makers, it was always bound to happen. The reason for the designers to move into Philips buildings, is that many of these buildings were designer as a daylight factory, a typology which will be further elaborated on.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3746a306-6374-40cb-b1f6-520d5598e1b3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3746a306-6374-40cb-b1f6-520d5598e1b3","Creating Home, an inquiry into migration and identity: History of migrant housing in the Netherlands (Guest worker influx to the European refugee crisis) and the incorporation of cultural identities in housing and integration policies","Sarma, Tanishka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The migration of different ethnic groups into an urban ecosystem over generations can lend to diversity and religious plurality. As people migrate from their homeland, they bring with them their culture and mould their surroundings into something that emulates ‘home’. These migrant populations try to fit into their new environment, and the host country has to take measures to help them adapt to their new home. Their place of dwelling is the zone within the larger urban context that should make them feel secure, and the various housing projects implemented for migrants may reveal strategies for their integration into their current environment.
This architectural history thesis focuses on the story of migration and migrant housing in the Netherlands, beginning with the influx of guest-workers between 1964 and 1973, family reunification programs in the late1970s and the recent migration after the European Refugee crisis. There are three phases of assimilation in terms of scale, the larger urban context studies through the case study of the housing crisis for guest-workers in Utrecht in the 1970s, the neighbourhood level study conducted in the Post World War II Neighbourhoods of Enschede, and the residential level study conducted in the INTERACT projects in Startblok Riekerhaven, Amsterdam and Place2BU, Utrecht and the ‘Utrecht Refugee Launchpad Project’.The historical time frame of migration and the different integration methods implemented along this timeline may facilitate newer modes of integration while overcoming the shortcomings of the existing bundle of techniques. Moreover, the study of migration architecture may help understand the urban ethnographic polyvalence. Through literature and spatial mapping studies conducted from the larger urban context (in terms of frequency in social housing schemes) to the changes in the spatial layout of homes (understanding prevalent Dutch rituals compared to Turkish cultural traditions), we may understand these pre-existing transitions methods.","migration; identity; Housing; Netherlands","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:d261b629-398c-48a4-85f9-f6fe91687464","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d261b629-398c-48a4-85f9-f6fe91687464","The Expression of Political Ideology in the Public Architecture of Hans Scharoun and Hermann Henselmann in post-war Berlin","Vergeer, Pieter (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The close relationship of architecture with power caused it to play an important role in the Cold War conflict between the capitalist West and socialist East side of Berlin after World War Two. This research investigates how architecture was used as an expression of political ideology in the public architecture of Hermann Henselmann and Hans Scharoun in East and West Berlin. The research is conducted through a literature study and compares four case studies: the Philharmonie and State Library in the West, Haus des Lehrers and the Fernsehturm in the East. An exploration into the architectural context of Berlin, the theory of architecture as a political tool and the biographies of the architects result in an analysis of the case studies on three themes: monumentality, community and reference to the past. The research concludes that common goals which the GDR and FGR both aimed to achieve through architecture were to: gain the trust of their population, propagate themselves as the better side and to create a sense of identity among their population. Whereas the West mainly concerned itself with expression to the United States, the East primarily wanted to demonstrate its competence to the other side. Scharoun’s designs clearly fitted the FGR’s ideology whereas Henselmann’s designs were not always the result of his agreement with the political leadership or vision, but rather based on a deeper incentive to design architecture that suited the new socialist society.
Through analysis and comparison of a drawing made by Jean Bodman and one made by Don Knorr, this thesis explores the similarities in drawing style. By comparing the education of the two architects we attempt to comprehend what could influence the similarities in drawing style.
The analyses shows that the drawing style and architectural style are similar, however a different emotion is depicted in the drawings. The fact that these architects were educated around the same period and were both mentored by famous modernist figures like Walter Gropius and Eero Saarinen is evidence for the similarities in drawing style. Furthermore, Norman and Donald worked both at SOM could also explain the similarities, while Norman also worked on the House for Cheerful Living project. However, it is difficult to say how the similarities came to be and if these arrived from related influences. The differences in depicted emotion could be explained by the fact that the drawings were made for a different audience.","AR2A011; Post-war housing Competitions; Architectural drawings; Drawing style; American Modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f98dba20-a672-4edb-8bce-6e0e81981ead","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f98dba20-a672-4edb-8bce-6e0e81981ead","The decay of ancient Istanbul through modernization: A case study on the fragmentation of the urban plan","de Graaf, Gideon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","De Martino, P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis has been commissioned by the Delft University of Technology for the course AR2A011 Architectural History Thesis. This thesis focusses on the city of Istanbul. Istanbul enjoyed a unique status as the capital city of two great civilisations: the Byzantine Empire and the Ottoman Empire. Over the centuries, the city absorbed and reflected the cultural heritage of its rulers; Eastern Orthodox Christianity followed by Islamic Ottoman civilisation. Its metamorphosis from “Roma Nova"" to the ""sacred city of Islam"" produced unparalleled configurations in its urban form. As a result of this, Istanbul nowadays faces great fragmentation of its urban plan. In this urban plan different heritage buildings and historic urban plans collide. The directory of this thesis will be to provide a solution on how in 21st century Istanbul can deal with its fragmented urban plan, while also preserving its complex heritage. Therefore the main question states: How should the fragmentation of Istanbuls urban plan be dealt with in the future, while preserving its heritage both ancient, historic and modern? In order to conclude on this several subquestion have been drawn up. These state: I. What ancient heritage, cultural and architectural, are still visible in Istanbul? II. How did the nineteenth century modernization movement in Istanbul viewed and dealt with the heritage? III. What are the main principles to deal with heritage? Which of these principles are applicable to the present day urban plan of Istanbul?
Opening with an architectural survey of The Ancient, Byzantine and Ottoman city the complex heritage of Istanbul is explained. This is followed with the description of the late nineteenth modernization movement, essentially being a longing to the west, which contributed to the fragmented urban plan by implementing an architectural plurality in Istanbul. Finally in order to make a proposition, a framework by Janssen et al. is introduced that shows three approaches on how to deal or incorporate heritage in spatial design.
Evidently, Istanbuls heritage both ancient, historic and modern is very complex. However the same heritage also created issues as mentioned above. Istanbuls urban plan needs to be revised in order to exterminate said issues. Therefore a mixed-mode model of dealing with heritage needs to be applied in order to preserve as much of the value of this heritage. By using heritage as a tool in spatial design, not only will the heritage be preserved but also eliminates the obvious roadblocks of progress that can be a result of preservation. Furthermore, the fragmentation of the urban plan can be brought to a minimum if the spatial vision on the future will see Istanbul as a whole.","Heritage; Istanbul; Fragmentation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","41.008361, 28.980164"
"uuid:62934318-f85f-4310-86ae-c165994c06e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62934318-f85f-4310-86ae-c165994c06e7","Form follows harmony: An imaginary exchange of ideas between Le Corbusier and Steven Holl about the concept design of the Stretto House","Moens, Joël (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In this thesis, it is being examined how music influenced the design strategy of two renowned architects: Le Corbusier and Steven Holl. The projects that are analyzed regard the Philips Pavilion in Brussels (1958) and the Stretto House in Dallas Texas (1989-1992). The design of the Philips Pavilion followed from a number of concept try-outs that led to the physical translation of a “Poème électronique”, created by Edgar Varèse and Le Corbusier. An analysis of this building shows how sound and design are inevitably interwoven with each other in a practical way and it states Le Corbusier’s opinion about the interference of music and architecture.
The Stretta House displays the design of a piece of music in a more philosophical way. The continuous and discontinuous tonal properties of the concert of Bèla Bartok (1937) “Music for String Instruments, Percussions and Celesta” are interpreted as horizontal and vertical structures. Roof form, window proportions, sizing and open and closed spaces display the different instruments used in the concert. A mathematical analysis brings together the idea of these two art pieces: A symphony and a residential house.
By discussing the used design methods and reviewing these two case studies, general differences and similarities can be stated about design techniques inspired by music over a time span of 30 years. Therefore, an imaginary discourse between Le Corbusier and Steven Holl, based on citations and true quotes, illustrates what could have happened if the two architects would have been working together on the design of the Stretto House. A crucial moment in the conceptual design phase of the Stretto House shows a breakthrough in linking the two arts. The result is a better understanding on what architectural designing with music entails. Therefore the following research question is asked:
“How can the implementation of musical elements contribute to an architectural design concept?”
Rhythm, proportion, harmony, unity, sound projection and other elements are key points that should be taken into account when designing. Holl and Le Corbusier strive to find a balanced interaction between order and disorder in their designs to create harmony. By comparing the definition of harmony in a musical structure with the definition in the field of architecture, new innovative ideas and alternative design approaches concluded in a reflection and conclusion of the imaginary discourse. There has been some experimenting with this concept before, so by reflecting on previous studies and critically analyzing the discourse between Le Corbusier and Steven Holl, a creative way of conceptual designing will be established. Learning from different arts like music opens possibilities to review and change existing design methods.","Music; Concept; Idea; Space; Harmony; Architecture; Le Corbusier; Steven Holl; Xenakis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:4ecb20a4-24d2-4241-aa89-285e54733ee3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4ecb20a4-24d2-4241-aa89-285e54733ee3","Helena Syrkus through the lens of her correspondence","Potok, Iga (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The thesis will elaborate Helena and Szymon Syrkus’ connection with the “Congress of Modern Architecture” (CIAM). It will investigate in what ways the Polish couple has brought Modernist ideas to Poland and put a special emphasis on the work of Helena Syrkus.
The point of focus will lay on how the Helena Syrkus could manage to keep in touch with the most influential architects of the 20th century and how her social skills and fluent knowledge of multiple languages (English, German, French) enabled her to become an influential female architect. She became friends with Walter and Ise Gropius, Cornelis van Eastern, and Frieda Fluck as well as Marcel Breuer, Siegfried Giedion and many others. Her correspondence became an important medium for her work as she shared her career plans and information about her recent projects. Thus, the research question is in a great part inspired by her vast correspondence network, where she reigned unchallenged. In a private letter to her sister, Syrkus makes it apparent that her typewriter was an integral item without which she would only depart for holidays. In any other case, a full-size or pocket typewriter would constantly be at her side. This special relationship that was prominent in Syrkus’ life gave impetus to the research question:
Has Helena Syrkus’ typewriter become a passport of Modernism to Polish architecture?","AR2A011; Helena Syrkus; Polish Modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:cf98e61c-4050-4972-a022-fc2e587fca36","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf98e61c-4050-4972-a022-fc2e587fca36","The Ethics of Zoo Renovation","Kokot, Anna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","It is evident that modern zoos are attempting to educate visitors about animals and earth sciences, as well as implementing conservation and research programs for endangered species as stated in the World Association of Zoos and Animals priorities (WAZA, n.d.). However, despite their noble intentions and friendly image, zoos have some darker moments in their history. The animals in the first zoos, which date back to ancient times, were an exotic addition to the owner's assets and a status symbol.
In the 1970s, the rapid growth of animal rights movements brought a new perspective to the debate about the human-animal relationship. Zoos made efforts to rebrand themselves as places of education and conservation. The shift in ethics of the modern zoo is evident in the contrast between old and new zoo architecture, therefore a visit to the zoo established in the 18th or 19th is a fascinating experience.
A great example of this contrast can be found in The Wrocław Zoological Garden - the oldest zoo within polish borders. Since its foundation in 1865, it has constantly been expanding and building new enclosures for animals. Undoubtedly the historical buildings make the zoo more interesting, but they also create challenges. The way the renovations of the older buildings are carried out raises a question: how the historic buildings of Wrocław zoo were adapted to meet the 21st-century ethics of keeping animals?
This thesis will analyze the topic of heritage architecture in Wrocław zoo from two perspectives. The first one is presenting the zoo through the lens of history, pointing out the changes that buildings and structures went through and highlighting the general trends in their preservation. Despite its complex history, Wrocław Zoo was not a subject of such analysis.
The other important topic in the debate about the zoo is the ethics of keeping animals. The main points of such debate will be discussed and supported by examples from the Wrocław Zoo. This thesis will analyze the renovations of heritage buildings in Wrocław Zoo and will add a layer of discussion about the ethics of keeping animals.
By analyzing the existing literature, the generations of zoo buildings will be drawn out. Then by presenting the history of Wrocław zoo, from its foundation till the modern-day, through photographs and publications, the characteristic buildings representative of each generation of zoo architecture will be described. Two case studies of renovation work in the Wrocław zoo will be presented: the Bear fortress as it is the oldest building in the Wrocław zoo and the birdhouse as it is the newest finished renovation project. Then by describing ethical views on the human-animal relationship throughout the ages, the previously discussed events in Wrocław zoo will be analyzed. Then, the discussion will focus on assessing the methods of renovation of buildings in Wrocław zoo and conclude on the direction zoo architecture has taken.
It was found that during the 60s and 70s, the role of the architect was questioned with the increasing critiques on Modernism. De Carlo was one of the first architects to argue the importance of user participation in design and define different types of participation. Meanwhile, in the Netherlands a similar movement begun. The municipalities in the Netherlands were shifting their focus from growth and scaling to urban renewal. The community centre was a key element in the new and renewed neighbourhoods.
From the case studies, it became clear that user participation and the relation between architect and user can influence the design significantly. The biggest influence was found on the functions of the building. Moreover, aesthetics and floorplan design can also be influenced. Although it must be considered that this is also heavily dependent on the approach of the designer. Municipal architect Bister, who designed De Klimmende Bever and De Larenkamp, took a Modernist approach designing a shell with open floorplan, which could be placed in multiple neighbourhoods or anywhere else. Consequently, the buildings are not unique and adjusted to the surroundings, except for the functions. Pier 80 however, showed how a design can be influenced by a lot of user participation and be adjusted to its surroundings.
The relation between user and architect is always changing and will always change. We, as designers, have to question our role in design to achieve the best results.","AR2A011; User Involvement; Community centre; Participation; Design Process","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f7c9faed-7e5e-4794-bd96-bd29c962e77f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f7c9faed-7e5e-4794-bd96-bd29c962e77f","Remembrance to Repression: Public Space, memorial landscape and collective memory in post-WWII Vienna","Michl, Maximilian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Yerli, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In his influential work ‘On collective Memory’, French sociologist Maurice Halbwachs described an intrinsic relationship between the past and present, a reconfiguration of the perceived past through the lens of its current generation’s ideas and experiences. This represents an increasing challenge in the urban realm due to the growing amount of historized fragments left within its fabric as a result of the modern societal obsession of leaving traces behind. This thesis therefore investigates what influence commemorative architecture has today as integral parts of our city and the negotiation necessary to work this historized palimpsest. To do this, the city of Vienna, Austria will be investigated as the turbulent decades following WWII led to a first reconstruction of national memory based on a founding lie in its ‘Opferthese’. Once that mythos crumbled in the 1980s, it resulted in palpable shifts of its collective memory which were materialised in a tangible form through monuments around the city. Through an excursion to Vienna, the circumstances leading to the construction of three prominent monuments, their performance and the broader developments of Vienna’s memory politics were studied. Local and foreign papers on Vienna’s past century and collective memory, historical photographs, newspaper reports, vocal reactions to the unveiling of the monuments, personal writings as well as archival research formed a supplementary background to the excursion for this study. The thesis investigates it through three parts, foremost, it creates an overview of the events shaping memory politics in Vienna post WWII. This historical understanding will be accompanied by a theoretical framework on the concept of collective memory based on predominantly on the theories of Maurice Halbwachs and Pierre Nora. The second portion will include thorough case studies of three important Viennese memorials: ‘Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial’ (2000), ‘Memorial against War and Fascism’ (1988) and ‘Deserter Monument’ (2014). This chapter will connect them to the context of their realisation, historical site context, design, and spatial performance. Thereby, understanding how collective memory forms public space and its perception through physical edifices. Lastly, the paper forms a connection between the theoretical ideas and their physical manifestations. Through a broader view of urban effects, the findings of the research and the dialogue between them, it hypothesises on the increasing historicization of our cities, its memorial landscape and the constant negotiation architects and inhabitants face in the context of our palpable past.","Collective Memory; Public Space; Memory and Space; 20th Century Vienna; Architecture and Politics; Commemorative Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","48.208200, 16.373800"
"uuid:47f38bcb-f4c5-4d78-bada-f681931c9ad9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:47f38bcb-f4c5-4d78-bada-f681931c9ad9","Comparison on the Soundscapes of Italian Renaissance Gardens and Ming Dynasty's Chinese Classical Gardens","Wu, Wendy (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The thesis aims to compare the soundscapes of Italian Renaissance gardens and Ming dynasty’s Chinese classical gardens and figure out the reasons behind their similarities and differences through historical research on Italy and China. The research methods are case study, image analysis and literature analysis (secondary and primary). The thesis starts with research on general features of Italian Renaissance gardens and Ming dynasty’s Chinese classical gardens based on two case studies, the Villa d’Este and the Humble Administrator’s Garden. The soundscapes of Italian Renaissance gardens, featured by fountains, apply advanced water technology to make music or imitate other types of sound. Besides, the soundscapes of Ming dynasty’s Chinese classical gardens combine natural elements to make various sounds, always with the sound of water as the background. Then, comparisons are made, finding out that the soundscapes in Italian and Chinese gardens have different emphasis on technology and nature but have common stress on water. The historical contexts of Italy and China are studied to find the reasons for their soundscape designs from various perspectives. The different worldviews and cultural contexts play leading roles in soundscape designs, as social factors and political intentions also influence. Symbolization is widely used in the soundscape design in Italian and Chinese gardens, revealing the reasons for some details and elements of the soundscapes.","AR2A011; Soundscape; Garden design; Italian Renaissance garden; Chinese classical garden; History; Villa d'Este; Humble Administrator's Garden","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8afb7805-d8c1-4315-a2f4-95215a09d4fe","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8afb7805-d8c1-4315-a2f4-95215a09d4fe","The growing influence of the car and its effect on the ideas of the role and position of mobility in the city of the future: An architectural history thesis comparing the projects Plan Voisin, Broadacre City and Futurama by Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright and Norman Bel Geddes","Warfman, Youri (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The projects: Plan Voisin, Broadacre City and Futurama, of the three architects: Le Corbusier, Frank Lloyd Wright and Norman Bel Geddes, are all three based upon the criticism the architects had on the design of their contemporary city’s and the mobility within these urban structures. The coming up of the automobile had consequences for the city and its traffic, and the three architects called the contemporary cities no longer suited for this new mode of transport. With the coming up of the automobile, the ordinary man is able to travel with the units of the new standard, and it is this new standard that laid the groundwork for all three projects. It is in this architectural history thesis that the development of the vision for the future of mobility between 1925 and 1940 is investigated. The research question that was used in this thesis was the following: What effect did the growing influence of the car have on the ideas of the role and position of mobility in the city of the future? The chronological first of the three is Le Corbusier, he envisioned the automobile to travel at speeds never seen before, and it is this speed that gives a city its success. Within his Plan Voisin, verticality is used to create space. The separation of pedestrian and motorised vehicles creates the opportunity for superhighways to give the automobiles the possibilities to connect city and country with speed. Wright later reacted to this verticality, blaming the liveability of the city. Stating with his Broadacre City that with the automobile and the highways, it is should not be speed but space that must be achieved for the ordinary man. Space, the decentralization due to the technology of the times, gives the ordinary man the possibility to prosper, and therefore create a successful urban design. Norman Bel Geddes and his Futurama came back with the verticality and the centralization of the city, but expresses that the speed of the automobile, with its highways, had no place in the urban structures. Where there is space, there is speed, according to Geddes, so the highway systems should be designed outside of the city, in order to efficiently connect the country with the city and vice versa. Thus, the coming up of the car influenced the mobility and the plans for the city of the future, over time in different ways. It was the speed of the automobile that first gave incentive for this change in urban design. This speed was later used to create space outside of the city, to pursue what could not be found within the city. But it is due to this mobility of the automobile that finally gave incentive to return the interest back to the city. By implementing efficient highways the connection between city and country could be restored, and it is this restoration of the city and its traffic that influenced the ideas for the plan of the city of the future.","AR2A011; Plan Voisin; Broadacre City; Futurama; Le Corbusier; Frank Lloyd Wright; Norman Bel Geddes; Mobility; Automobile; Influence of the car; City of the future","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f6ef78e1-c668-4045-baca-381577a95581","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f6ef78e1-c668-4045-baca-381577a95581","El Patio Popular: Origin and development of the Patio Popular during the 20th century","Diephuis De Bustamante, Alexandra (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This academic essay focuses on the origins and development of the
patio popular, in specific in the 20th century when this typology appears
in Córdoba. It aims to not only contribute to the lacking of English
academic literature about the topic but also to create connections
between the historic context and its influence on the architecture of
the patio. This last is not present in the overall literature either.
The academic essay explores the historic context of Cordoba while
also making connections to the European and Spanish situations. It
presents events such as the agricultural crisis at the end of the 19th
century, the Spanish Civil War of 1936 and the Post-war situation
deeply influenced by the aftermath of the Second World War. With
this relationships have been drawn with the patios and their residents.
Lastly, the academic essay demonstrated the past difficulties of the
residents of the patios popular. This resulted in the organic growth
of the courtyard house and its adaptation to the circumstance of the
time. Also, a sense of community was created among its inhabitants
despite their difficulties.","Patio Popular; Cordoba; Spain; AR2A011","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","Architectural History Thesis",""
"uuid:049631f6-e250-4ef2-827b-5bf26b1f8c28","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:049631f6-e250-4ef2-827b-5bf26b1f8c28","Reapproaching historic post-industrial landscapes: The case of Edessa","SPYRIDONIDOU, PELAGIA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The question of industrial buildings’ and complexes’ management has been a developing field of research and experimentation, especially over the last three decades. Despite the acknowledgement of industrial relics as factors that have largely contributed to the formation of regions’, communities’ and cities’ identity, in the 21st century there are still vast underused post-industrial
areas. If dealt with in a large-scale context, these areas have the inherent potential to revitalize the adjacent urban areas. For the purposes of this research, the aforementioned potential is examined under the scope of Edessa’s historic industrial landscape, consisting of several complexes. Rather than dealing with each one separately, the present thesis aims at setting the ground for an inclusive, industrial heritage-led approach in the prospect of the
Historic Urban Landscape (2011). Towards this purpose, three case-studies, showcasing the dynamics that industrial heritage’s implementation in urban regeneration processes offers in different scales, were analyzed. Conclusively, this study suggests the management of Edessa’s industrial complexes as a network rather than as an assembly of individual units, that would stimulate an urban regeneration process, promoting and enhancing its urban landscape.","AR2A011; post-industrial landscape; Edessa; industrial heritage","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","40.80168, 22.04398"
"uuid:6a1420f4-3609-4687-b599-eac8f64a8eed","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6a1420f4-3609-4687-b599-eac8f64a8eed","The components of experiential architecture: An investigation into designing atmosphere","Cernăianu, Mihnea (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Architecture can be justified by a multitude of requirements, whether that means functional, aesthetic or other design attributes. Nonetheless, whether it is by consequence or a conscious decision, architecture influences us in ways we are often not aware of. We feel it, but cannot always point out ex-actly the intangible elements that impact our perception of architecture. My interest lies in the technique and thought behind creating and identifying profoundly experiential architecture, such as the works of James Turrell, Steven Holl and Tadao Ando.
This paper explores how the frequent changes of King’s Cross’ use and function were expressed through architecture. The chapters chronologically describe the site’s transformation. The dynamic changes of the buildings’ and districts’ functions is hugely related to the political and economical situation in Britain, in addition to the global economy. The focus is put on the four periods of time which define the biggest changes: the time of industrial glory (1850 -1914), the decay and abandonment caused by wars and de-industrialisation (1914-1980), the interim use that enhanced artistic expression (1980-2007) and the newly regenerated commercial district (2007-now).
The analysis is conducted considering various aspects. Firstly, each chapter discusses the direct relation between architecture and the function behind it. Secondly, it focuses on the changes of social dynamic of the site. It explores who was attracted to the area during different periods and how the district was perceived by society. Lastly, it analyses the influence of the development of King’s Cross area on the urban fabric.
In South Holland, specifically in the port of Rotterdam, the ship manufacturing sector requires fundamental change. Circularity is currently hardly integrated into the ship manufacturing sector, as the lifecycle of most ships follows a linear path. The cycle starts with raw metals being extracted from the earth, ending with scrap steel being poorly recycled for other sectors in Asia. Because of the lack of a global regulatory framework, and the growing capacity and capability pressures on the ship recycling business in Europe, the business will not be able to process the increasing number of ships to be recycled in the future.
To generate a spatial vision and strategy to solve these issues, which helps transition to a more circular ship manufacturing sector, this research uses evidence-based design. Several methods are used including literature research, data analysis, site analysis, and research by design.
This is done to work towards the final goal: integrating spatial, technological, and regulatory solutions into the ship manufacturing business of South Holland, to build circularity into every stage of the ship’s lifecycle. Essential in reaching this goal, is safeguarding the ship manufacturing sector, which is in a vulnerable position, in symbiosis with resilience, innovation, collaboration, and transparency.
In the end, the province of South Holland will be a world-leading example demonstrating more circular ship manufacturing in the port of Rotterdam. Spatially, this will result in a better port-city relationship, where ship manufacturing is embedded and mixed with other activities where possible, creating a synergy between different stakeholders. In addition, flows are connected by sustainable water transport.
By transitioning to a more circular ship manufacturing sector, the port of Rotterdam can contribute to the mitigation of the negative effects of climate change and resource scarcity. Additionally, the port of Rotterdam and its shipbuilding sector is of great international importance, which means the implementation of circularity can stimulate change and benefit people from the local to the global scale.
The main question answered in this thesis is: What was the typology of the Curaçaoan plantation, and how is it now represented in the island's cultural heritage? This question is answered by literary and archival research, picturing the history and trajectory of the plantations on Curaçao. The research is textually and visually, through maps and diagrams, translated into the thesis.
The architecture of the landhuizen is the most maintained and preserved aspect of the plantation landscape, while most other structures such as the settlements of the enslaved, the corrals and mangasinas have mostly vanished or fallen to ruins. These are precisely the functions referring to the original history and function of the plantation. When looking at the plantation's redevelopment, this does not seem accidental. Most of the landhuizen have left their history in the past and chosen an entirely new function.","AR2A011; Curaçao; Colonial Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b5ccf22c-4811-44e9-ae99-bd790b48fa2d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5ccf22c-4811-44e9-ae99-bd790b48fa2d","Henry Ford Residence: Marion Mahony’s Perspectives 1906-1937: A Visual Analysis","Johansen, Stein (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Zeinstra, J.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The second female architect in the United States, Marion Mahony Griffin contributed substantially to the development of architectural visualisation in the early 1900s. This essay uses the perspective drawing
of the Henry Ford dwelling as a starting point in a discussion on drawing strategies applied by Marion Mahony Grif fin in her renderings. Using elements such as, but not limited to, the linedrawing, the frame and foreign influences, each stylistic element is linked to another Mahony drawing, allowing for a comparative analysis of applied drawing techniques. Along with
each discussion features a detailed description of each drawing, deconstructing the relevant parts of each
composition.","Marion Mahony Griffin; Sydney; Castlecrag; Canberra; Frank Lloyd Wright; Architectural drawings; Chicago Architecture; Prairie Style","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:305cfc33-0bb3-48e3-aee1-9c04ddaef1d2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:305cfc33-0bb3-48e3-aee1-9c04ddaef1d2","The historical architecture of Wes Anderson: The Grand Budapest Hotel","Bierens, Olivier (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis explores the relationship between architecture and film through the analysis of the cinema of Wes Anderson.The research focuses specifically
on the understanding of the spaces which Anderson has created in a historical per- spective. First, the relationship between architecture and film is explored through lite- rature research.The articulation of lived space forms the basis and common ground for architecture and cinema. Being both arts of the author, cinema and architecture have the potential to generate emotions, awaken our soul and to shift the attention of the viewer from the inside to the outside. Both cinema and architecture have the ability to construct spaces in the mind, articulate the surface between the world and our own mental experience, where meaning and value are blend.
The architecture, which plays a central role in the films of Anderson, is analy- zed. Anderson introduces spaces through the habits, ideals and aspirations of the indi- vidual, bringing buildings to life. Anderson balances stories between reality and fantasy, transcending the rules of geometry. The architecture in The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014) is analyzed as a case study. The film depicts the glory days and the fall down of a grand hotel in different eras but is above all a story of decay, loneliness and personal loss.Anderson intended to give homage to European Grandeur at the turn of the 19th century on the one hand and communist architecture on the other hand. The observations and research show contradictions and paradoxes in the blend of architectural styles depicted in the film. The conflicts and contradictions between foreign influences and ideological structures are both visible in the 1940s and the 1960s version of the exterior of the hotel. In the interior, the contradictory usage of material on the one hand and the rational floorplan and technological developments on the other hand shows the changing ideas about the function and definition of the hotel. Most important, the hotel resembles the personage of the characters who live in a forgotten and lost world.Anderson shows that spaces can question our narrative and imagination. When architecture can evoke this experience, the true quality of the practice is utilized and a level of consciousness is reached where dream, feeling and emotions reside.","AR2A011; Film; Architecture; Cinema; Wes Anderson; The Grand Budapest Hotel; Jugendstil; Art Nouveau; Neoclassicisme; Neo-baroque; Neo-Renaissance","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:04c03f28-34ed-4dd6-b6af-b6e5d3a6920d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:04c03f28-34ed-4dd6-b6af-b6e5d3a6920d","Environmental and Social impact of takeaway food waste: A case study in Chengdu, China","Zeng, Shi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hauser, S.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","More than 3 billion plastic bags are consumed every day in China, posing a huge challenge for solid waste management. And scientists estimate that online food delivery businesses in China generated 1.6 million tons of packaging waste in 2017, nine times more than two years ago. This includes 1.2 million tons of plastic boxes, 175,000 tons of disposable chopsticks, 164,000 tons of plastic bags, and 44,000 tons of plastic spoons(Raymond Zhong & Carolyn Zhang, 2019) Despite the Chinese government's implementation of a ""plastic ban"" in 2008 and the issuance of guidelines by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment in early 2020 to further strengthen plastic pollution control (also known as the new ""plastic ban""), many people still use plastic bags in their daily lives, especially for takeaway food.
The take-away industry in China has grown rapidly in recent years, but related take-away waste recycling measures are inadequate, so understanding the implementation of government policies and people's behavior regarding the use of such materials is key to reducing take-away waste. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the socio-demographic, economic, housing, social participation, and environmental perception factors that influence households' use of single-use plastic bags or reusable items when ordering takeaway food, as well as changes in government policies for the recycling and disposal of take-away waste.
The study found that take-out waste includes not only plastic packaging but also food residue, which indirectly increases the difficulty of recycling. So this paper focuses on government policies, recycling strategies and public feedback, and based on these results, implications for policymakers and suggestions for further future study are offered.
items used for the most essential of all the various activities that are normally taking place in one’s home environment are condensed in the traveller’s luggage. These items are the only available material for improvisation in addition to the spatial possibilities in the traveler’s immediate, unfamiliar surrounding. This also applies to religious and spiritual practice. The traveller who seeks a moment of reflection has to either engage in an act of space-making and
establish the sacred within the ordinary, or use sacred wayside spaces.
A visual analysis of different kinds of such sacred spaces embedded in travel infrastructures shows how old traditions found their way into modern times and which transformations they underwent on this way. As a marginal and low-key form of sacred space, the typology has adapted flexibly to the new conditions of modern travel environments. This thesis is a study of the typological evolution of sacred spaces in travel environments and of the connection between spirituality and travelling from an architectural point of view.","sacred space; multi-faith space; roadside chapels; airport chapels; spirituality; travelling infrastructure","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-04-14","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:e6d2d90b-cec9-4acc-910e-1a282424d46e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e6d2d90b-cec9-4acc-910e-1a282424d46e","From consumers to prosumers: Towards an inclusive socio-spatial energy transition for South Holland: the case of the Rotterdam region","Bacani, Jasmine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Morscher, Leon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Lens, Daniëlle (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Meijer, Barbara (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Qu, L. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (graduation committee); Van den Berghe, K.B.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The transition to renewable energy is necessary and urgent. Fossil fuels are depleting, leading to geopolitical instability and are driving climate change. The climate crisis and growing inequalities are among the greatest problems of the 21st century. Temperatures, sea levels and gas prices are rising. This transition poses spatial and economic challenges for the maritime region of South Holland, as the port is a large hub for fossil energy and contributes greatly to the national economy. The social challenge posed, is to create a fair transition. Some groups are more vulnerable to the transition than others, as they are more prone to be subjected to energy poverty and to potentially lose their (fossil related) jobs. Therefore, we conducted a research on how to create socio-economic and spatial justice for the Rotterdam maritime region through a fair distribution of burdens and benefits in the energy transition. This research resulted in a vision for South-Holland in 2050 ,""from consumer to prosumer"", proposing a mainframe and a local frame. The mainframe proposal concerns a large renewable energy landscape in South Holland with a central circular hub in the port. The local frame proposal is the main focus of this report and concerns the vulnerable neighbourhoods that become prosumers instead of consumers. This means that they will not only consume energy, but renewable energy systems will be installed to also produce energy, while at the same time improving the quality of living.
New job opportunities will be created in the circular construction and demolition sector in the neighbourhoods as well as in the port. The Rotterdam region will fully transition to renewable energy, while also decreasing inequality, unemployment and poverty.
One of the aims of this research is precise to demonstrate how the simple design of a boundary is able to strongly influence people's perception of space. In this sense, history can teach a lot to contemporaneity. In particular, between 1960 and 1990, some Dutch architects addressed the issue of the boundary between public and private, between exterior and interior, and so on, in such a revolutionary way that it is still the object of research today. Aldo van Eyck's Burgerweeshuis, Piet Blom's Bastille, and the Delftse Montessorischool designed by Herman Hertzberger are three magnificent examples. In these buildings, every edge, corner, and surface was designed to be used by its inhabitants.
However, if we focus our attention on the new areas of the contemporary city we can still recognize some characteristics that were already criticized during the last century. In this sense, brushing up on some virtuous experiences of the past is a useful exercise. Indeed, the history of architecture has a great deal to teach the contemporary practice. History provides prototypes, a catalog of tried and tested responses to problems. It is for this reason that past themes and ideas return cyclically in the practice of contemporary architecture. The aim of this thesis is therefore to provide a catalogue of references based on Dutch structuralism that can be a source of inspiration for architects of today and those of tomorrow. Especially for the kind of architects who care not only about issues relating to 'design' but also to issues relating to its 'humanization'.","AR2A011; structuralism; boundary; experience","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5a463b79-9b9d-49f9-a0b2-9acc85043b58","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5a463b79-9b9d-49f9-a0b2-9acc85043b58","Lessons From Yazd: Rethinking Iranian Traditional Courtyard Houses for Indoor Climate Comfort in Educational Buildings","Abbassi, Annasophie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Yerli, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In current times sustainability is a major priority in the building industry which contributes largely to country’s total energy consumption. Additionally, educational buildings make up a large part of building stocks around the world and these buildings are responsible for large part of energy consumption especially by heating, cooling, and ventilating these building. To reduce energy usage, we must look for preservation and sustainable new designs, especially for solutions relying on renewable and natural sources and passive systems. Besides, thermal comfort in educational buildings is important since it significantly impact student’s physical, mental health and productivity. Therefore, this research aims to investigate whether we can learn from the passive climate responsive architectural elements invented millennia ago, which form the traditional courtyard house typology of Yazd, for sustainable solutions regarding thermal comfort in educational buildings.
This thesis starts with introducing the features by examining the different elements that play an important role in providing comfortable indoor climates of the residents. To find out the usability of these architectural typology and its features and whether we can learn from it for current times, a case study analysis was conducted which investigated the adaptive reuse project of the faculty of Arts and Architecture in Yazd.
The results showed that it is evident this architecture and its knowledge has been of great importance for livability and will persist to be of great usefulness in times we seek for passive indoor climate solutions because climate will become more similarly to Yazd. To realize thermal comfort in educational indoor spaces innovative, adaptive, climate responsive, socio-cultural context and local material inspired solution should be implemented.","AR2A011; Thermal comfort; Yazd; Adaptive reuse; Courtyard houses","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","31.897423, 54.356857"
"uuid:38a1f679-4359-4f8a-9378-38711ce01023","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:38a1f679-4359-4f8a-9378-38711ce01023","From the Middle East to Europe as a female architect of colour: A case study on Dame Zaha Hadid","Souroosh, Raha (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This paper researches the approach of a female architect of colour to her career in architecture. It positions itself through background research on the discrimination that takes place in the field of architecture against people of colour and women and applies this gained perspective to the case of Zaha Hadid, as she is a perfect candidate to bring these two points of discrimination together. A case analysis is executed on Dame Zaha Hadid, where her journey through the field of architecture is analysed and reflected upon. The aim of this paper is to establish how broke through all the stigmas and because quite possibly the best known female architect of all time. In the case analysis Hadid’s childhood, education, career and personal development are analysed. Hadid is known to have a strong and extravagant personality. She always stayed true to her art style and always aimed to become greater while remaining unique. Even though she can be seen as a feminist icon, Hadid is not very outspoken on female struggles within the field of architecture and often remains apolitical and unfazed","AR2A011; Zaha Hadid; Feminism; Female Architect; Architect of colour; Suprematism; Parametricism","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-04-15","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:da8a2c7c-2f28-4208-8a87-5a1512125514","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da8a2c7c-2f28-4208-8a87-5a1512125514","Feminist methodology in practice and pedagogy: Process, engagement and empowerment through architectural education and professional practice","Korpacka, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity; TU Delft Architecture)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis examines the relationships between architectural pedagogy and practice within the context of feminist methodologies from the point of view of a student. If the condition of the profession reflects the (changing) reality, I enquire what implications it consequentially has on (architectural) education. By problematising the personal-political circumstances which triggered the emergence and disappearance of feminist architecture cooperative Matrix, operating between the 1980s and 1990s in London, and their methodology in professional practice and education, particularly the Women into Architecture and Building access course, this work reflects on the mutual influences between the role of a teacher and the role of the architect in their approach. Process-oriented practice and thinking-by-doing are put forward as key elements of Matrix’s radically feminist methodology. Through the use of testimonies of practitioners, teachers and students, their writings, lecture recordings and archival material, links between engaged pedagogy and a participatory design process are analysed. The reasons for, and implications of, a feminist approach to design and user involvement are situated within the larger socio-economic and political context to enquire how historical analysis of the conditions within which the production of architecture becomes a mutually-empowering practice can be translated into contemporary circumstances.","AR2A011; Feminism; Participation; Pedagogy; Architectural Education; feminist practices; Women’s Studies; WIAB","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:92944949-e040-4556-971d-cce229a39ec9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92944949-e040-4556-971d-cce229a39ec9","Do only the physical qualities of a public space influence the way it’s being used or the activities it hosts and do large-scale socioeconomic events of the past decade affect their function?: Human Activity in Public Spaces Before and During the Pandemic","Christodoulakos, Miltiadis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The scope of this thesis is set to examine the immediate relation of a city’s public spaces to the daily life of its citizens and portray how this relationship evolves. The location under examination is the city center of Athens, Greece. Specifically, focus will be given on two major public squares, namely Syntagma square and Omonia square. Syntagma square functions as a front stage for the Athenian citizen. Its location being right in front of the Hellenic Parliament strongly influences the uses and activities that take place. In contrast, Omonia square stands as a backstage of public life in the city center. Importantly, these two squares are closely located and are linked together via the axis of Panepistimiou and Stadiou streets. Both comprise some of the busiest streets in the center of the capital and play an integral role in the function of the city. Therefore, the squares, being linked through such important arteries in the circulation network of the city, gain significant importance in the context of the public life.
The analysis will focus on the observations and recordings of human activities (movement/flow, behavior, and occupation) that are taking place in these public squares. Open observation will help to understand how the structured outdoor public sphere is being used and whether it controls its user. The question of ownership, a fundamental issue in regard to public spaces, directly affects and influences how the public space is used. Hence, I aim to understand who owns these public squares and how this influences their design and structure. Are private interests and goals favored over the interests of the public? If that’s the case and local actors are not consulted prior to and during development, this may result in the construction of public spaces that only serve upper- and middle-class individuals and add to socioeconomic and ethnic exclusion and segregation.
To this purpose, I will analyze case-studies chronologicaly in relation to the changing context (pre- and mid- pandemic conditions) and will aim to identify all relevant changes occurring on these squares. I will focus on public activities in the years 2011 and 2022. For the observation of 2011, as a comparative period, I will rely on Dr. Fani Kostourou’s research that analyzes human activities in the center of Athens at that time under non pandemic conditions. This work will serve as a basis for my analysis which focuses on the pandemic conditions of the year 2022.
Between 2011 and 2020 numerous events took place which resulted in profound changes in the public space. Furthermore, the pandemic drastically affected the public sphere and the overall human activity in it. The essay is going to identify how user’s’ behavior changed in relation to the squares’ new layout and analyze the impact that an unprecedented pandemic environment has had on the public sphere of the city.
46 refugee settlements resulted from the imperative need to house this population. Housing units ranging from unauthorized self-housing and almost slums to prefabricated wooden parapets, to single-family buildings, to organized apartment buildings influenced by the modernist movement, emerged. Nowadays, these morphological and typological forms have survived and constitute a considerable part of the city.
To synthetically provide information, show relations between the different forms of housing rehabilitation, and answer the question of how the refugee housing rehabilitation in Athens and Piraeus was realized and how it evolved historically this paper will analyze the urban footprint of these settlements by examining plans, maps, photographs, and through textual secondary sources, the criteria and policies that shaped them, giving an overview of the extent and influence of these areas to the contemporary image of the city. The focus will be sharpened on the architectural scale, by examining housing typologies, including self-housing and social housing, through archival material and photography. The housing typologies, which emerged will be divided into categories and analyzed based on one representative example for each of them. These will be illustrated with consideration of the actors and policies involved in the creation of the housing, the location and organization of the settlements, within which the typologies are to be found, their architectural characteristics, their transformation throughout history, and the situation encountered today.
The thesis will shed light on the origins, historic development, and transformation of these settlements throughout their 100-year long history and argue on the arising topics, mainly the involvement of the state in contrast to the lezzes faire, the influence of the settlements on the city’s urban structure, the architectural characteristics of the housing, the subsequent decline of the social housing sector in the city and the notion of sociability and neighborhood ties. The qualities and faults of these spaces and the policies that created them will be assessed. The thesis will argue for the significance of these parts of the urban fabric for the collective historic memory and their preservation and adaptation, as well as an interpretation of their qualities as a countermodel to prevailing housing developments.","Social Housing; refugee housing; Greece; Athens; urban planning; architecture; arbitrary housing; housing typology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:fbc56d69-e2ca-444e-96bd-eec7b3d05b00","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fbc56d69-e2ca-444e-96bd-eec7b3d05b00","The mixture of Ottoman, Dutch, and the architect’s features in the design of the Mevlana mosque","Karnosoehardjo, Laurent (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis investigates the features of the Rotterdam based Mevlana mosque designed by the Dutch architect Bert Toorman. It aims to clarify to what extent Ottoman and Dutch features are visible in the mosque, including the architect's signature. Extensive literature research has been undertaken to determine the origins of Ottoman architecture, which serves as the foundation for determining Ottoman features for mosques, which are subsequently discussed in the Mevlana mosque. Several Ottoman mosque features are discussed compared to the Mevlana mosque. Due to the mosque's location in the Netherlands, it is examined further to evaluate how it gained ground in Dutch society at the time. Finally, information about the Mevlana mosque's whole design process was gathered through an interview with the architect. As a result, although the mentioned factors certainly influenced the structure, the mosque is less Ottoman than the architect believes.","AR2A011; Ottoman architecture; Early mosques; Ottoman mosque features; Dutch architect; Dutch restrictions","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","51.924400, 4.477700"
"uuid:2ba816db-f586-4235-9f8d-71cc6a299ccd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2ba816db-f586-4235-9f8d-71cc6a299ccd","How the redevelopment of a neighborhood can lead to gentrification: Focussing on the case study of het Eilandje in Antwerp.","Granata, Rosalie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Can the process of gentrification be revealed in one of Antwerp’s most trendy and expensive neighborhoods of this moment and to what extent did it impact the social and built environment? This paper offers insight in the events that possibly led to gentrification on het Eilandje, more precisely de Oude Dokken, and the impact this had on the area. It will systematically review the Dutch and English literature regarding gentrification combined with data provided by and of the city of Antwerp, the history of the researched area, and fieldwork. This will lead to the conclusion that during the dynamic history of de Oude Dokken, the process of gentrification indeed occurred. The paper turns to the negative and positive impacts this process had on the built and social environment. It will be argued that the most prominent negative impact the process had on de Oude Dokken, was the homogenization of the social composition of the neighborhood and more specifically the expelling of earlier residents by wealthier residents. Although it could be argued the negative consequences outweigh the positive, one benefit should be highlighted. Due to the gentrification of the area, which was partially caused by the involvement of the government, the previously abandoned harbor area regained its vibrancy. The area that previously felt disconnected from the city center, is now perceived as a trendy and lively extension of it.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f15417e8-1b30-49bf-bc4a-c2c29cb49078","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f15417e8-1b30-49bf-bc4a-c2c29cb49078","Towards Unideal City - Berlin: Heterogeous Archipelago: Planning of West Berlin during the Cold War in Light of the Concept of Urban Archipelago","Kobayashi, Anji (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The city of West Berlin after the construction of the Berlin Wall was in need for replanning towards declining environment. The research explores physical built fabrics as well as theoretical planning in West Berlin during Cold War period regarding the Concept of Urban Archipelago, developed by Oswald Mathias Ungers, Rem Koolhaas, Peter Riemann, Hans Kollhoff and Arthur Ovaska in 1977.","AR2A011","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:c6d88afa-70dc-4522-be75-f084583794a9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c6d88afa-70dc-4522-be75-f084583794a9","Discourses Behind Industrial Heritage: Exploring the Construction Process and Influence behind the Transformation of Industrial Heritage — By comparing 798 art zone in China and Zeche Zollverein in Germany","Ren, Ye (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Industrial heritage is socially constructed in contemporary society, and diverse subjects and historical contexts create differentiated constructed outcomes. Taking 798 art zone in China and Zeche Zollverein in Germany as research objects, this paper explores and compares the diverse discourses behind the development of industrial heritage and the development strategies under its influence. When a wide range of forces such as government, groups, art, social actors, and people play against each other, the direction of heritage positioning becomes complex and ambiguous. The paper uses a combination of fieldwork and literature research to clarify the relationship between the multiple discourses through the development and strategic modes behind the two cases.
Through investigating the social and political landscapes and their relationships with the physical development of the city, complex relationships can be presented that shape our daily lives. Through the ideas of space and power by Paul-Michel Foucault and the embedded relationships between physical space and urban inequality we can investigate how the city was shaped according to the ruling class. In addition, like Newton’s third law each action is met with equal counter action, the proletariat responded with increase in socialistic revolutionary ideas and a nationalistic awakening that would slowly find itself in the urban fabric of Riga.","AR2A011; urbanization; Urban segregation; Radical movements; 19th century Riga; Cultural hegemony","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","56.949600, 24.105200"
"uuid:b3c9795b-c045-41d0-879f-aca1a1c2688e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3c9795b-c045-41d0-879f-aca1a1c2688e","Building Biographies through Heritage Repurposing: Socio-spatial Research in Shipai Village under Rapid Urbanization","Xie, Shanshan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Yerli, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Chinese urban village has attracted much discussion as an urban phenomenon by sociologists and architects. It was transformed from a traditional village gathered by clans with blood ties to an urban enclave focusing on a land-profit economy. At the same time, with the migration of locals and outsiders, the collective memory has changed from a mono-cultural memory to a multicultural memory. And problems such as poor infrastructure, unspoken rules of space usage and social segregation in the urban village have become increasingly severe during urbanization. However, there is not enough research on the urban village to explore the causes of such social conflicts based on the spatial conflicts.
This article focuses on the Shipai village in Guangzhou and examed Lefebvre's theory of spatial production to explore the relationships between the changes in collective memory and spatial conflicts in Shipaii village. Based on the perspective of urban ethnography, the repurposing of heritage, such as the transformation of ancestral halls and streets, will be used as spatial outcomes to observe how people fix into the urbanization through morphological dynamics and the impact of collective memory on this transformation.
The critical questions are: What is the conflict in SV? What is the relationship between collective memory and spatial contradictions in Shipai Village? What are the processes and outcomes of spatial contradictions? I argued that the contradiction in SV is a group clash, where cultural diversity has resulted in an unshared collective memory.","AR2A011; Urban villages; collective memory; heritage repurpose; urban ethnography; ancestral halls; streets","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5938b4e0-046d-455a-88c9-bfceb7b0e59d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5938b4e0-046d-455a-88c9-bfceb7b0e59d","Designing the New Land: A historical look into the design of the Noordoostpolder","Schwegman, Fabian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The design of the Noordoostpolder not only included the placement of the villages, trees farms and land lots, but the social structures were also drawn out into detail. A strict selection was applied for those who wanted to have a chance of getting a farm. But did these two different factors – selection and architectural design – relate to each other in any way? Architecture always has a social aspect to it, since designs are made for the people. Social interactions were already studied in the 1930s as the Noordoostpolder is being developed, but did they influence the architecture in any way? Things were adjusted to make the designs of each design aspect more suitable for the new inhabitants. These things included more leisure space in greenery around villages, a design for Kraggenburg which was solely formed by social layers in the community and changes in the floorplans of the farmhouses to accommodate for the function of a farm. These changes were broad, however, and not adjusted to specific parameters that would follow from the selection. This was a very difficult task to achieve, due to the varying characters within the selection, the resistance by the Direction itself and the lack of knowledge about the candidates at the time of the design phase.","AR2A011; Urban Design; Architecture; Sociography; Granpré Molière; Pieter Verhagen; Henri ter Veen; Piet Dingemans; Kraggenburg; Noordoostpolder","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:0cbd5510-2985-4ac4-a996-3c78fdb42283","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0cbd5510-2985-4ac4-a996-3c78fdb42283","Architectural Extinction: Architectural Extinction The westernization of traditional housing before the 1930s in Thailand.","Wongnitchakul, Aphitchaya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Is that Ruean Thai facing extinction? Despite this, traditional Thai accommodation represents Thainess as Thai people believe. Yet it is rarely found, particularly in Bangkok's capital city. Ruean Thai seems obsolete, unnecessary, and complicated design from a modern perspective. Some traditional Thai houses still exist, but many are old and neglected and will devalue over time. How has traditional Thai housing been devalued? Modernization is undoubtedly one factor that influences the alteration of Thai residential design. Conversely, what if it began before modernization after the twentieth century?
Between the 15th and 19th centuries, there was extensive Western colonization across the world. Colonization happened during the Ayutthaya period, from 1350 to 1765, until the relocation of the capital city to Bangkok from 1765 to 1930. The introduction of Western culture in Siam/Thailand began in 1517, establishing Ayutthaya's first trading contact with western nations. As a result, westernization had a substantial role in Siam's development and transformation in every field, including the Thai domestic sector. By influencing Culture, Political, Christian religion, new constructions, and materials from the other side of the world into Ayutthaya. The hypothesis of the extinction of Ruean Thai is not only about westernization but also the consideration of the Siam political and social aspects. The transition from Feudalism in Ayutthaya (1350-1868) to before the beginning of democracy (1868-1934) is crucial to understanding how feudalism and patriarchy caused a shift and devaluation in traditional dwelling identity? During the colonial period, how did political and social issues influence the designs of traditional Thai households in terms of architectural orientation and ornamentation vocabulary? What impact does the decline of feudalism and the more equality society has on building orientation?
Towards investigating the Ruean Thai extinction process in the context of Thailand's political history, this thesis also explores and analyses the transformation between three different Thai housing characteristics. Namely Thub Kwan Royal Residence (1911), The House on Sathorn (1899), and Baan Na Navee (1887). In order to examine which internal or external factors in which period directly affected the alteration of Ruean Thai.
However, the combination of these issues presents an opportunity to restore the balance and linkages of Dutch ways with water. The future of the Maritime manufacturing industry can act as an adhesive to sustain these links by drawing on transitions around water at a global as well as local scale. Hence, the project intends to investigate the changes in the role of water systems in 2100 and how the Maritime manufacturing sector can steer it to address future spatial and climatic adversities.
In 2100, we envision the Maritime Manufacturing industry to expand its role to facilitate the adaptivity of the natural, social and technological landscape of South Holland, using water as the primary medium. We intend to introduce a radical transition by planning for diversified spaces on and for water, serving both an economic prospect as well as increasing consciousness of its role within society.
The vision addresses 3 major transitioning landscapes (wet peatlands, salt marshes, and water bodies) to develop systemic strategies and plan spaces by making optimum use of products by the Maritime industry. The vision opens up several areas of investigation around the 2100 ‘Portscape’ including the scope of circularity in the shipbuilding/ship-recycling industry, rethinking material-flows, and transitions in socio-economic structure in context to new social environments.
This strengthens the aim to create a circular economy. The industry in the Port of Rotterdam is mainly based on fossil-based industries that follow the linear system. Therefore, high emissions and waste are caused. This contradicts the aims of the SDG and the idea of a circular system. Consequently, the port area should be transformed into a flexible system that can adapt to changing future situations. This will be realized by a circular system that contributes to the development of the bio-based industry.
This transition is triggered by the current oil- and plastic industries taking place within the Port. By treating the bio-plastic industry as a trigger industry, a strategy for the transition towards a bio-based system is created. This leads to a circular economy that depends on bio-based materials. Since the bio-based system might face future challenges, it is important to guarantee further adaptation and self-improvement over time. The final goal is to create a closed-loop within the Port region to reduce emissions and waste products using these bio-based materials.
To close this loop, the Bio-Loop ZH2050 is integrated into the Port area. A Green Belt strategy promotes the circular economy within the province of South Holland, and by implementing the Living Labs, knowledge and technologies are improved over time. The Bio-Loop ZH2050 influences the aim of the province to become 100% circular by 2050 and several SDG topics. Environmentally, this project supports the transition towards a circular bio-based system and to reduce the impact of pollution and climate change. Socially, the Bio-Loop ZH2050 creates the possibility to get society involved in the bio-based circularity. And finally, economically, the Port of Rotterdam will become the port of Europe based on the bio-based economy, which is the entrance connecting the global market and EU market.
The first section of this paper takes on the historical background relevant to the AUP. It explains the ideas of the pioneers of urban planning and greenery planning, which inspired the planners of the Amsterdam extension plan. In the second part, we will look closely at the AUP itself and at its history. It will be shown what factors contributed to its creation, and what was the system on the big scale. The third part will focus on the smaller scale, looking closely at the details and particular strategies applied, and at how the new neighbourhoods were planned out. This will be shown with the example of the Slotermeer district, as out of all the neighbourhoods planned in AUP, that one was the most successful as the designers were more free in their processes. Finally, in the last section, the greenery system of AUP will be analysed in detail. It will be shown how the ideas behind it were developed and how they have influenced the city.
Utopias aim at the ideal human being and the perfect society. They achieve this goal both by designing physical space and by designing social space. Utopias have therefore accompanied the cultural history of mankind since time immemorial and often reflect the current zeitgeist or represent a counter-design to the prevailing social conditions. Utopias are therefore holistic wishful architectures.
A prominent example of such wishful architecture from the time of the Third Reich is the design of the World Capital Germania. An urban design created by the architect Albert Speer for the German capital Berlin. This utopia designs social space in the sense of the ruling Nazis' thinking about representation and power. The architecture is supposed to give people the feeling that an individual person alone is powerless in the face of the community. Therefore, structures of gigantism can be found repeatedly in the architecture of the World Capital Germania. Speer wanted to use the design of the physical space to ensure that the population would develop into a cohesive community.
A clear counter-design after the WWII is the concept of New Babylon by the architect Constant Nieuwenhuys. Unlike Albert Speer, Constant Nieuwenhuys places the individual in the center and predicts an architecture of individual possibilities. Through the elimination of all work and the automation of all processes, people have the freedom to build and design their own environment. All people are thus placed on the same social level.
In today's society, climate change and the depletion of the planet in particular play a significant role. NEOM is a design of a futuristic city that aims to sensitize people and to pay more attention to the environment with its 100% sustainable architecture. Furthermore, NEOM's design also puts people back in the foreground, whereby the innovative progress of this project is based on the community.
The development of social space and the goal of architecture can be seen not only in the overall architectural structure, but also on a smaller scale, many insights can be gained. These will be discussed in more detail in the essay.
The comparison of the various influences of physical architecture on social space and the analysis of the historical reasons for the emergence of the different utopias bring great added value to modern architectural, as well as urban planning projects. This large-scale analysis can substantiate the concept of social space and broaden the view on this topic.
Dwelling design was a place defined by its relationship to domesticity, but these spaces had to adapt to the paradigm shift brought about in the early 1900s. This research paper investigates the effect these women and their activism had on the USA’s and the Netherlands’ dwelling architecture, focusing on the impact that single women had on the spatial and programmatic aspects of housing. This study is based on compiled plans and images of both Hull House and Het Nieuwe Huis, literary research from Dutch and USA newspapers, and letters sent between Jacobs, Gilman, and Addams. Additionally, through contemporary architectural and gender theorists, these ideological drivers and how they manifest themselves in the architecture become clear. This discussion also identifies how designing for women altered the traditional expectations of women in the public realm and the way they were viewed in society. It solidifies social values into the built environment and in order to design consciously and considerately, for contemporary as well as future use, it’s crucial to understand how societal movements have altered design in the past so that one can predict the requirements of the next generation of architecture and the people who inhabit it.","USA Housing; Dutch Housing; Women and Architecture; Dwelling; Suffragism; Gendered Spaces","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:2a8dee47-c3a4-4f24-9e21-eeb9d6a5a43a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2a8dee47-c3a4-4f24-9e21-eeb9d6a5a43a","Painting national character: A comparison of nationalist art by A.M. Mucha and V.M. Vasnetsov","Znamenskaya, Nadja (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This paper examines how nationalist sentiments are differently manifested in the works of Alphonse Mucha and Viktor Vasnetsov. In order to understand the nature of these sentiments, the biographies of the painters and the socio-political circumstances of their relative homelands are considered. Additionally three works from each painter are analyzed to establish how these nationalist sentiments are translated into the style and subject matter. Finally a comparison is drawn between the two painters.
The paper has established that Mucha grew up in Moravia, which had been struggling for independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This struggle motivated Mucha to create art that would legitimize Czech independence and would emphasize that the various Slav nations were not inferior to their German oppressors. His nationalist art therefore mainly focused on various scenes from Czech and broader Pan-Slavic history.
Vasnetsov lived in the Russian Empire, where progressives promoted Western liberalist policies as a possible solution to class inequality and poverty. Vasnetsov saw this Westernization as a threat to his heritage and therefore decided to preserve aspects of Russian culture that he deemed beautiful. He therefore painted in the folkloric and religious genre, since they symbolized an abstract strength and hope in a local solution of the problem.
Consequently the nationalist sentiments in Mucha’s work are intended to institute change in Czech society, while Vasnetsov’s nationalism is less politically involved, but aims to provide comfort in times of despair.
To gain further insights into building processes and the origins of the used materials, I have visited Christiania, where I made observations and conducted interviews with its inhabitants. Additionally, the conducted archival and literature research provides the historical context of Freetown, demonstrating its development over time. The thesis begins with the analysis of changes in building policies and processes that have occurred in the last 50 years of Christiania’s existence, followed by an investigation of material availability in Copenhagen and general building considerations based on the experience of Christiania.
Although in recent years the use of secondhand materials in Christiania has reduced, its development has shown how self-built housing can be more affordable and at the same time also circular. It also presents the current challenges of reusing materials in buildings as well as the existing possibilities for solving them.
This thesis will examine a drawing made for An Exhibition for Modern Living at the Detroit Institute of Arts in 1949 by Ray Eames.The goal is to explore the relation bet ween the collage technic of the drawing and its relation to design process. Additionally, it will investigate Eames’ collage -like interior spaces and the preliminar y drawing of those spaces in collage technic, as well as some toy’s designs. The Eameses emphasised the importance of the visual image and its power to concretise abstract ideas as their major means of communication shif ted from architecture and furniture design to films, multimedia presentations, and exhibitions. Their reliance on the image, the juxtaposition of images, and the sequential movement of still images, in turn, required the viewer’s active engagement. Certain ideas transmit ted by the collage technique and this magnificent expression of the Eames Office is Ray Eames’s greatest achievement.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:063cff8b-7dec-4763-863c-1fa8b0feb0a9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:063cff8b-7dec-4763-863c-1fa8b0feb0a9","A tightrope walk between art and memorial: On the example of the Memorial for Austrian & Jewish Victims of the Shoa in Vienna and the Holocaust-Memorial in Berlin","Kleiner, Anna-Lena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The following paper will elaborate on the basis of the memorial by Rachel Whiteread in Vienna, Austria and the memorial by Peter Eisenman in Berlin, Germany the meaning and position of memorials within the field of art. It will analyze the interplay between the memorials and their surroundings and the influence they had and still have among society. Furthermore it will respond to the artists personal execution of the topic, naming the Jewish persecution by the Nazi Regime. After all the paper will end by comparing the two memorials in terms of their appearance, meaning and reputation. The Conclusion will summarize and draw a line back to the initial research question - Can a memorial be assigned to the field of art, or can we distinguish a memorial as ‘art to remember’ and assign it to a separate, own field independent of art?","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:0edd71e4-bed6-4e12-bd7e-2655b0bedc69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0edd71e4-bed6-4e12-bd7e-2655b0bedc69","Constant: Immersive Installations","Koenraad, Max (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Constant was as an artist, most known for his interdisciplinary work and magnum opus New Babylon. A future potential society without labour, unbound by place and time, inhabited by man at play; the ‘homo ludens’. He worked extensively on the project between 1956 and 1974. During this period he experimented with installations emphasizing on its user and spectator, which will form the centre point of this thesis. What was Constant’s aim with these experiments and what was he trying to convey? These installations are also covered as a subject to be put in a broader context that up until now has been overlooked or not been published: How do these installations relate to other art and architecture movements; a broader context?","constant; nieuwenhuys; situationism; avant garde; unitary urbanism; de stijl; tummers; new babylon","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b07d1f71-01be-4898-8587-eaa5c4831e04","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b07d1f71-01be-4898-8587-eaa5c4831e04","Theory and Reality - An elaboration of the overall implementations of Aldo Rossi’s architecture","Chen, Deying (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanovic, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","When looking into the delicate relationship between Aldo Rossi’s theoretical drawings and their implementations in reality, one would always find it fascinating that his projects that were expressive and vibrant on paper oftentimes were built and perceived in a completely different way. For all kinds of reasons, his projects were sometimes not completely built or built differently from his original intention. Architecture historians analyzed the reasons behind these unsuccessful implementations, whether they were caused by the fundamental design ideas or just came from reality issues. By studying this topic, it would be helpful for architects who tried to design in similar forms to better understand the elements that are essential for a faithful implementation of the original design.","AR2A011; Architecture history; Aldo Rossi","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:206fd84d-a011-4c75-ae6f-45d864d8b71e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:206fd84d-a011-4c75-ae6f-45d864d8b71e","Mapping urban diversity in New York City based on commuter data: Tracts with tall buildings display highest commuter diversity","Raszka, Patrycja (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Quantifying and mapping urban diversity is a newly emerging field of research. In this present thesis, I build on past and ongoing research. I expand diversity mapping to the mapping of commuter diversity. In particular, I map commuter diversity in New York City as a case study, and I demonstrate that areas with tall buildings are the most diverse. In addition, I suggest that commuter diversity correlates with urban diversity more broadly, which may be useful in the study of diversity where commuter data is most easily available. My thesis comes with a GitHub page that provides data and code and makes it easy for anyone interested to replicate the results.","AR2A011; Diversity map; Commuters; New York City; python; mapping","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","40.730610, -73.935242"
"uuid:1b3a691c-9de2-4f58-afe9-6bd251ca7502","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1b3a691c-9de2-4f58-afe9-6bd251ca7502","Two Brutalist University buildings: A comparison between The Aula of The TU Delft and the Roger Stevens Building","Schipper, Broer (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The thesis consists of a comparison between The Aula of The TU Delft designed by Van den Broek en Bakema and The Roger Stevens building in Leeds designed by Chamberlin, Powell, and Bon. This is done to add literature specifically about Brutalist university Buildings. The main conclusion is that although the Brutalist design principles are the same, the final buildings differ.","AR2A011; Brutalism; University Buildings; Van den Broek en Bakema; Chamberlin, Powell and Bon","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ded4dcb1-7666-4ed3-ae0a-08931cbef982","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ded4dcb1-7666-4ed3-ae0a-08931cbef982","Designing Bata Society: a Case Study of Zlín","Zhong, yuqi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Zlín, located in the east part of the Czech Republic, is a historical industrial town. The development of this modern city has a deep connection with Bata shoe company and its social scheme. The company has been known for its shoe production and the urban and architectural values from its pioneer and utopian town planning and its variant modules of building design. Inspired by English urban planner. Ebenezer Howard, Tomáš and several architects tried to achieve a modern living environment in Zlín by combining the aspects of country living with the conveniences of city life. One of Tomáš’ principles is “build collectively, live individually”; at a certain level, he realised his vision. Thousands of free-standing family housing were placed among the sizeable green land around the early 20s to late 30s for the Bata employees and their families. This thesis aims to emphasise the perspective of workers who work and live under the Bata system. The analysis of urban planning and architectural design in Bata’s factory town vividly reveals the life story of the working class on the land of Zlín, at the same time demonstrating how design as a medium helps to affect and shape the culture, society and even individual mentality.","AR2A011; Company Town; Garden City movement; Architecture; industrial architecture; Bata","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","49.2232437, 17.6605854"
"uuid:ded656d4-1bd2-420a-881b-7f56451879b8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ded656d4-1bd2-420a-881b-7f56451879b8","Bauhaus in Tel Aviv and Herzl’s Zionist Vision of a Modern Homeland","Westerbeek, Renzo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis will research Tel Aviv and more specifically its ‘White City Area’, which is Unesco World Heritage due to a great number of International Style buildings and urban heritage, which is unseen anywhere else in the world. The research uses the Zionist vision of Theodor Herzl, described in his book Altneuland as a framework, who wrote, before the foundation of Tel Aviv, how he described the future of Israel as a Modernist country with many European influences. Tel Aviv, the first Hebrew city, was built by Jewish immigrants and with them also architects. The town planning was done by the British colonial Patrick Geddes. Both architects and Geddes implemented European ideology and technology. The research will be what the relationship is between the theory of Herzl, the planning of Geddes and the execution of the modernist architects, which were heavily influenced by the Bauhaus School founded by Walter Gropius. Herzl already referred to many characteristics of Tel Aviv and Israel which were later indeed implemented by the urban planners and architects. The research will be done using the book Altneuland historical books, imagery, maps, Israeli songs, secondary literature, archival material, interviews and own experi- ence. This research seeks to add the theoretical ideas of Herzl to the analysis of how Tel Aviv became the buildings with the most International Style buildings in the world.","International Style; Bauhaus; Tel Aviv; Israel; Patrick Geddes; Theodor Herzl; architectural history","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:133e45b7-ee34-4660-9e3a-f60cb8414ef2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:133e45b7-ee34-4660-9e3a-f60cb8414ef2","Koolhaas, Superstudio, and the paradox of their affinity: Researching a friendship that emerged through misunderstanding by juxtaposing their professional- and personal relationship","van de Leur, Mick (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In the winter of 1970, Rem Koolhaas visited the architecture collective Superstudio, and he expressed great appreciation towards the studio’s founders Adolfo Natalini and Cristiano Toraldo di Francia. What ensued was a long time of correspondence, especially between Koolhaas and Natalini. They gravitated toward each other, and they celebrated their shared perspectives on architectural design. That is until Koolhaas found out that they silently disagreed in critical moments, and their friendship began to cool off.
This thesis recounts the story of Rem Koolhaas and the architecture collective Superstudio. It delineates how the two crossed paths, how and why they sympathized, what their greatest contradiction was, and how their mutual affinity was partly based on a misunderstanding. Their greatest contradiction regarded the grid and their diverging position was informed by disagreements on multiple levels, on the value of history for example. In this thesis, the juxtaposition of their positions is combined with recently published archival material, giving insight into their personal relationship as well. It appears that in architecture, affinity can start with misinterpretation and it does not have to end with a stupefying consensus either.","AR2A011; Koolhaas; Superstudio; grid; friendship","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:7115c547-54d3-4e4e-972d-ae83b86c45e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7115c547-54d3-4e4e-972d-ae83b86c45e2","Indonesian colonial architecture: The Influence of Indonesian vernacular style over Dutch architecture in the case of the city of Batavia","Dobran, Vlad (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The city of Batavia was the administrative capital of the V.O.C (United East India Company). Initially, the city’s construction followed the Dutch style, the Dutch administration going to enormous lengths and putting colossal efforts to segregate the ethnic groups present in the city and t exert their dominance. Over time, the city’s built environment started to adapt to the surroundings and its inhabitants and created a so-called hybrid style. This thesis hypothesizes that the architectural style in the 19th century represents a merging between the Indonesian vernacular architecture and Dutch style.
In order to research this hypothesis, the thesis compares the situation of the archipelago prior to the European arrival with the initial situation of the city in the 16th century and with the19th century situation from an architectural point of view. As such, the thesis research is based on a series of images of the built environment of the city, obtained from the colonial archives and literature sources describing the city archipelago and its buildings from the European and Indonesian points of view.
Lastly, the thesis analyzes a series of case studies from the 19th century, such as the Grand Java Hotel, the ‘Japan’ house, and the ‘woodhuis’ houses, which shows the merges between the two cultures not only from an architectural point of view but also a social-economic perspective.","AR2A011; Indonesia; Vernacular architecture; Dutch architecture; Hybrid style; Batavia","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:33d25ff3-eef1-4f06-8853-67d8ad2654e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:33d25ff3-eef1-4f06-8853-67d8ad2654e7","The position of women in the architectural practice: History Thesis","Spapens, Maxime (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis aims to show the historical development of women in the architectural profession in the UK from 1950-2000. The chosen period and location illustrate a specific period in gender history of the UK where women were studying architecture and pioneer woman architects were recognised, but the field was still male-dominated. This historical development is analysed by two pioneer women architects: Zaha Hadid and Patty Hopkins. The research question is:
‘What is the relation between pioneer women architects and the general position of women in the architectural work field in the second half of the 20th century in the United Kingdom?’.
The case studies include the ‘Passage’ in The Hague (1885 to compare neoclassical and contemporary juxtapositions, the ‘Lijnbaan’ in Rotterdam (1953) as an example of Modernist space, the ‘Heuvel’ in Eindhoven (1992) as an example of postmodern planning, and ‘Westfield Mall of the Netherlands’ in The Hague (2017) as example of sustainability themed mega malls. These examples provide a timeline for the evolution of shopping malls in the 20th century, but more importantly as physical illustrations for the relationship between architectural theories on shopping and the cultural production of Postmodern space.
numbers of constantly in movement floating population of working settlers
is said to have a severe impact on the ecological environment
(Li, Zhang & Jiang et al., 2021). Called a ‘malign tumour’ by the population
and the local government, they settle in vastly overcrowded settlements
- urban villages where poor standards force the group to
make poor environmental decisions. At the same time, due to their
dire economic situation as urban poor, they become the subject to vulnerability
in the face of harmful effects of environmental degradation.
Poor environmental hygiene of this social group has a connection with
their alienation from society and lack of integration in decision-making.
This social dichotomy between rural migrants and urban citizens is better
understood based on past policies such as the hukou household registration
system. Current design policies toward ecological situation improvement
support the hypothesis of floating population exclusion from decision making.
Based on the above finding, suggestions for improving the floating population’s
position in the society, hence strengthening their role in addressing
environmental concerns, are formed. Firstly mixed-income housing as an
alternative to luxury redevelopments in place of urban villages can work
towards better integration of rural migrant and urban citizens. Additionally,
the policies aiming to bring awareness to migrant groups about the environment
should be implemented together with the integration strategies.","Floating population; Internal migration; Ecology; Rural-Urban Migration; Environmental concerns","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","22.542883, 114.062996"
"uuid:bf3edde0-0e3e-4578-9051-405f9306ead4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf3edde0-0e3e-4578-9051-405f9306ead4","Different genes of the same type of architecture: Waterfront dwellings in Amsterdam and Suzhou","Shi, Jiahui (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Yerli, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In the 17th century, both Amsterdam and Suzhou were in a period of rapid social and economic development. When faced with similar water environment and social problems such as conflicts between population and limited land resource, the residents of the two places chose completely different ways to build their dwellings. In response to such differences, this study explores the reasons for the differences between the traditional waterfront dwellings in Amsterdam and Suzhou in the 17th century. First of all, the study describes the social conditions at that time and the development processes of waterfront dwellings in the two places to construct a basic historical framework. Then it interprets the specific differences in the respective relationships between the two waterfront dwellings and the water environment, indicating the objective architectural differences. Next, it analyzes the reasons for forming the specific differences from three aspects which are social culture, lifestyle, natural environment and climate, and reveals the influence of these factors on the results of architectural form differentiation. Finally, starting from the reasons for the differences, further thinking about the current architectural practice is carried out, so as to bring some enlightenment to the readers.","AR2A011; Waterfront dwelling; Social culture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","31.299999, 120.599998"
"uuid:7f11370b-44c0-4aae-a98e-f713adddd387","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7f11370b-44c0-4aae-a98e-f713adddd387","Tahrir Square: The Pulse of Egyptian Identity: By Examining Egypt In 1900s As A French Post-colonial Nation, to what extent did Tahrir square become a symbol of Egyptian Identity","Hendi, Alaa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hanna, J.M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","“Squares, boulevards, Favelas, refugee camps - have served throughout history as the setting for political protest and revolt.”(Weizman et al., 2015). These protests play a vital role in identifying what societal and political views a population uphold. Architecture is usually a representation of societal views, incidents and political ideologies (Fletcher, 2020). However, authoritarian or colonial regimes instill elements and design public spaces to sometimes stray away people from objecting against their policies. Contrarily, in instances where large scale massacres took place during these protests; the public square and the surrounding context become a place of remembrance. For Example, in the Melanesian archipelago, French colonialists publicly executed a group of indengious locals in front of their tribes men to invoke fear in the Kanak people who tried to challenge their regime the execution site is now known as the “Memorial of Uvanu” (Lambert, 2020)[2]. Comparably, in Jallianwala Bagh in Punjab, similar actions were taken by the British colony in India, where a large-scale massacre took place due to the protest against British imperialism (Pletcher, 2021).
Tahrir square formerly known as Ismailia square in Cairo, Egypt is a location where protests, massacres and overthrowing of colonial regimes took place. The square was built under the request of the Sultanate of the autonomous entity of the Ottoman Empire that ruled Egypt; Khedive Ismail Pasha. It was designed to appropriate the Parisian boulevards of France after his visit to the French capital in the mid 1800s. Although the architectural design of the area was finalized in his era; the square’s construction was finished in the 1900s. The structure of the square and the surrounding context has undergone many changes that symbolize the changing regimes and social classes in the country.
The main research will focus on examining Egypt in the 1900s as a French postcolonial nation. Consequently, it will address the extent in which Paris shaped the planning of Ismailia (Tahrir) square and its urban context, and how it changed over time. Furthermore, the thesis will address the impact of the shifting of political ideologies in Egypt that influenced these physical changes.
The thesis will inspect the varying photos of Tahrir square since it was first established till present. Furthermore, an examination of drawings found in archival architectural journals published by Sayed Karim in the 1940s is used to understand the various unrealised proposals for Tahrir. In addition and an observation of the political movements through news articles and official statements found on archival websites . Additionally, Journal articles and books explaining the culture of Egyptian society and its effect on urban space will be reflected to support the argument. Finally, an excursion has been conducted where i visited the Nile Ritz Carlton to view Tahrir from a different perspective.
My Hypothesis is that Tahrir square and its urban context greatly resembles the Parisian boulevards in terms of urban planning and architectural design as seen in the photographs found in ‘Paris Along the Nile’. However, due to its extensive history in Egypt’s many revolutions, it gradually transformed to represent Egyptian various identities in spite of its French reference.
In Macau, postcolonial architecture has been adopted, demonstrating the influence of colonial ideology and modern capitalist globalization to the present day. Gambling and tourism have transformed the city from a traditional enterprise with a self-sufficient culture to Asia’s global entertainment and financial hub. Aside from colonial architectural ideologies, the thesis seeks to demonstrate how other Western ideologies and preferences, such as Chinese and American, can influence local architectural and community identities. Furthermore, it attempts to interpret the social and cultural implications of architectural transformations. This will be investigated through a variety of sources, including books, research papers, and articles that examine both local and Western perspectives on Macau’s urban development history.
Certain economic developments added a new dimension to a city that had grown due to significant changes in local architecture. As a result, architectural meanings are evolving in unexpected ways, resulting in disparate ideas of monumental architecture that contrast with the cultural context. This thesis will also investigate the extent to which foreign perceptions of casino architecture reflect historic identities and social values brought into the modern era.","AR2A011; Colonial Architecture; postcolonialism; identity development; Macau","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ee8657bf-0954-43cd-9860-a8af766d3c36","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee8657bf-0954-43cd-9860-a8af766d3c36","Financing Architecture: How the Urban Fabric of Manhattan Has Been Shaped by Money","Cosma, Tudor (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Financing Architecture: How The Urban Fabric of Manhattan Has Been Shaped by Money investigates the urban fabric of Manhattan, from single building case studies to larger scale urban planning developments, through the lens of money. The thesis introduces Manhattan’s grid layout, a result of the Commissioner’s Plan of 1811, its purpose being that of establishing the historical framework as well as actual urban design framework in which the rest of the analyzed buildings sit in. Moving on from the city-wide scale, the scope of the thesis narrows down to the neighborhood scale, exploring how developments such as the Grand Central Terminal are the result of newfound forces driving the design of architecture in modern times and how these same developments have effects which ripple around their surroundings. A transition is then made towards the study of skyscrapers, detailing how zoning laws have impacted their design and why those same laws were put in place. Finally, the thesis reaches its apex by tackling the symbolism of the 432 Park Avenue needle skyscraper, a building which plays a more important role in the trading market, rather than in the sheltering sphere, something which signals an entirely new way of understanding this type of expensive architecture. Ultimately, by constantly shifting the scale of focus, as well as addressing architectural projects of varying typologies and urban functions, this thesis hopes to emphasize that Manhattan is a product of a design motivated by finances, a far cry from more historically established cities such as London or Paris.","AR2A011; Manhattan; Architecture; New York City; Money","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","40.783100, -73.971200"
"uuid:523b1510-f305-412a-83e2-3cce4c973e22","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:523b1510-f305-412a-83e2-3cce4c973e22","A Historical research of the Liang Chen Plan","XU, JIACHENG (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In February 1950, Liang Sicheng and Chen Zhanxiang jointly proposed the ""Proposal on the Location of the Central People's Government's Administrative Center Area"", which is known as the Liang Chen Plan. Although this scheme has not been implemented, it is often mentioned. The designers have objective understandings of Beijing's urban functions, development conditions, and spatial structure. This scheme once gave Beijing the opportunity to move towards a completely different direction from now.","AR2A011; history thesis; Liang Chen Plan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:523b52c6-969d-42c1-a5ac-963d9a35477f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:523b52c6-969d-42c1-a5ac-963d9a35477f","De ontwikkeling van de bollenschuur: tussen 1850 en 1965","Geerlings, Dex (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity); Rutte, Reinout (TU Delft History & Complexity)","Rutte, R.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","De bloembollencultuur speelt al anderhalve eeuw een belangrijke rol in het landschap van de Bollenstreek. Zo heeft deze bloembollencultuur van 1850 tot 1965 ook in gebouwde erfgoed haar sporen nagelaten. Na 1965 is de herkenbare bloembollenschuur haar karakteristieke eigenschappen verloren en zijn ze nog moeilijk te onderscheiden van andere bedrijfshallen. De afgelopen jaren is er dan ook steeds meer aandacht gekomen voor de bollenschuren tot 1965. Zo’n 25 jaar geleden werden de bollenschuren al van cultuurhistorisch belang gezien. Vanuit gemeentes in de Bollenstreek wordt daarom ook gesproken over het behouden en herbestemmen van de (monumentale) bollenschuren. Zo wordt er elk jaar door de Werkgroep Behoud en Herbestemming Bollenerfgoed van het Cultuurhistorisch Genootschap Duin- en Bollenstreek de Zwarte Tulp-prijs uitgereikt. Deze is bedoeld bestemd voor de eigenaar van een bollenschuur in de Bollenstreek die hun bollenschuur op een goede manier hebben behouden of herbestemd.
Het doel van deze thesis is om de ontwikkeling van de bloembollenschuren vanaf 1850 tot 1965 in kaart te brengen. Het is hierbij van belang de redenen van deze ontwikkelingen hierbij vast te leggen en te kijken hoe dit van invloed is geweest. Hierbij luidt mijn hoofdvraag ‘‘Hoe zijn de bollenschuren in de Bollenstreek veranderd tussen de jaren 1850 en 1965 en waarom?’’
Hierbij wordt gekeken naar verschillende nog bestaande bollenschuren uit deze periode. Zowel het exterieur als het interieur tussen de verschillende type bollenschuren worden met elkaar vergeleken en bij verschillen wordt er gezocht naar de reden waarom een verandering heeft plaatsgevonden. Dit zal gedaan worden met bestaande literatuur en het bezoeken van verschillende bollenschuren.
Uit het onderzoek is gebleken dat de grootste reden waarom er verschil zit tussen de types bollenschuren komt doordat de vraag naar bloembollen vanuit Nederland vanaf de jaren 1850 zo erg is toegenomen dat de kweker de beste conditie om de bloembol te drogen en te bewaren ook daadwerkelijk kon realiseren. Hier is een periode aan experimenteren geweest over hoe dit het beste gedaan kon worden. Uiteindelijk heeft de aanleg van elektriciteit in 1922 een grote rol in gespeeld, mechanisch ventileren werd mogelijk. Dit had effect op het exterieur van de bollenschuur, de gevel werd hierdoor meer gesloten. Daarnaast veranderde ook het belang van een bollenschuur, deze is getransformeerd van een opslag naar het uithangbord van het bedrijf.","Bollenschuur; Bollenstreek; Ontwikkeling","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:aee34e77-dfb3-4e17-9c16-12aef704592b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aee34e77-dfb3-4e17-9c16-12aef704592b","Individual versus Typical: The hidden definition of quality in the Deutscher Werkbund","Alexandrov, Artem (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Sennema, Hilde (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","At the turn of the 20th century in Germany, industrialisation led to a disconnect between the artist and their product. In response to the fears of cultural decay, the Deutscher Werkbund, an association of artists and craftsmen, was established in 1907. While its goal was to improve the quality of German design, it never officially defined the concept of quality. Its members theorised about it for years, but the debate between proponents for mass production and individualists broke out and swayed the historical interest away from quality.
In this study, the statements of the key figures of the Werkbund – Henry van de Velde, Hermann Muthesius, and Friedrich Naumann – are analysed to distil their theories on quality. The ideas behind quality creation, such as the production process and the physical characteristics of a product, are uncovered. When the stylistic discrepancies and historiographical biases are ignored, we see that the actors were trying to achieve the same goal – the highest quality – despite the multiplicity of opinions.
This study defines approaches to preserve the quality of products and work in a highly industrialised society. It outlines the ideas of personal creative freedom on the rise of mass production. These ideas are the lessons of those at the forefront of 20th-century industrialisation and are still relevant in present-day society.
This study first looks at the origin of quarantine stations. Furthermore, research is done into the legislation and policy in the Netherlands. This part explains the reason for building Quarantine Stations in the Netherlands. Finally, Quarantine Station Heijplaat and two additional Dutch stations are researched as a case study.","AR2A011; Quarantine Station; Heijplaat; Pandemy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3df68a77-9f37-4019-9db7-832e4708b18f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3df68a77-9f37-4019-9db7-832e4708b18f","Discovering the Colonial Institute: the Tropenmuseum","van der Waart, Darren (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In ‘Discovering the Colonial Institute: the Tropenmuseum’ historical research is conducted on the colonial traces that can be found in the Colonial Institute, which is now known as the Tropenmuseum. Nowadays much attention is paid in Dutch society to how the colonial past is dealt with. But at a point in history, as a Dutch citizen, it was normal to live in a country that had colonies overseas. With the arrival of ethical politics, the view on colonialism started to slowly change. This change, together with the initiative of a hand full of people, eventually resulted in the establishment of the Colonial Institute, which served as a museum and research center. Although museums are often regarded as places dedicated to beautiful things, and therefore as neutral and apolitical spaces, they can also play a role in cultural and political debates. This leads to the main research question of this history thesis: What was the cultural and political importance of the Colonial Institute in Amsterdam and how did the architecture of the building contribute to this? This research is focused on the history and motive of establishing and building the Colonial Institute in Amsterdam. This also includes the architecture of the building designed by J.J and M.A. van Nieukerken and what cultural and political importance this had for the Dutch people.","AR2A011; Colonial Institute; Tropenmuseum; Ethical politics; Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:a08dce6c-d7ad-46c4-8b8e-2d53ca16374f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a08dce6c-d7ad-46c4-8b8e-2d53ca16374f","Women’s struggles against patriarchal violence: Debates on women’s safety in Latin American cities during the 1970s and 1980s","Zdziarska, Kika (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Struggles to end violence against women were at the core of activity of Latin American feminist movements in the 1970s and 1980s. In the rapidly transforming cities facing the process of hyper-urbanisation, the problem of street harassment, sexual abuse, and other forms of violence against women in public spaces escalated. Increasing social segregation and isolation, enhanced by new spatial planning and architectural typologies, adversely affected safety. In those enormous cities, women found opportunities to denounce the shared experience of violence through new forms of protest, organised and united. Since 1981, feminists from Latin America were building solidarity in the struggles to end violence against women at the regular meetings, Encuentros. One of the most relevant outcomes of those meetings was the novel idea of establishing the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women in 1981, which was later recognized by countries around the world. Demonstrations on the 25th of November, which followed that event, united masses of people in public protests. Through these and other demonstrations, women continued to gradually appropriate public space - following the way which was earlier marked by a movement from the 1970s, Las Madres. With the evolution of their presence in the city, feminists were able to reach out to the public. The multifaceted activism of women in the cities through protests, gatherings, performances, and press publications was significant for influencing the legislation and the social mentality.
This research traces from a historical perspective how women denounced violence and fought for their safety in the Latin American cities in the 1970s and 1980s. It recognizes how women discussed, condemned, and opposed patriarchal violence, looking at the feminist press articles and illustrations, photographs and audio-visual materials from the strikes and gatherings, interviews with the protagonists of the demonstrations, as well as previous research on the history of Latin American feminist movements and their fight for the right to the city. The study tackles the question of the role of the urban context in those struggles. Which were the threads of hyper-urbanisation and how did they affect women? What role has the appropriation of public space played for the feminist movements in creating new forms of protest, gaining exposure, and establishing social significance? My claim is that the new reality of rapidly transforming cities had a significant and complex influence on the struggles to end violence against women. On one hand, the patriarchal modes of hyper-urbanisation exacerbated the problem, while on the other, cities created the opportunity to act on a larger scale, in an organised way and made women’s struggles to end violence visible to the public.
Latin American feminist movements of the 1970s and 1980s shifted global understanding of violence against women and girls. They mobilized a strong and diverse network that was pioneering in the large-scale, international mobilization in the fight for human rights. Through multi-form activism against patriarchal violence, they not only inspired changes locally but also influenced women in other parts of the world.
In order to research this the thesis looks at three cases in the Netherlands, Vreewijk en Heijplaat in Rotterdam and Marlot in the Hague. Here we see that providing better living conditions, more amenities and teaching people how to live properly, invluences society in a positive way. Because of this it can be concluded that garden villages provide some answers to the problems of the interbellum
Reading this museum as a text, this research explores: what narratives concerning colonial memory have been constructed by displaying and storing objects? The question is approached by connecting the wider narratives identified by historians with the displays of the Colonial Museum, through images and historical accounts.
Four phases were identified in the history of the museum. During the first phase (1914-1937), the museum was born and functioned as an unscientific instrument at the service of the colonial mission, exhibiting a broad variety of objects for a universal propaganda. With the advent of the war and the independence of the colonies, the museum remained trapped in an inertia memoriae. It kept perpetuating the same narratives, only stripped of its fascist symbols (1937-1971). In 1971 the doors of the museum closed and remained locked for almost half a century, hindering social awareness and historical research on Italian colonialism (1971-2017). Since 2017, as the deposits were opened again, an ongoing process is re-evaluating and re-exhibiting the collection to problematise its history.
By investigating the narratives shaped by the museum from its origins until the present, this investigation brings attention to the power of storing and displaying in constructing the histories we want to tell today, at the intersection of memory and identity with issues of race, civil rights, freedom of movement and international relations.","italian colonialism; postcolonialism; Museum; Narrative; memory; display; store","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:debe9015-cbff-4ade-873f-6f8685da33f3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:debe9015-cbff-4ade-873f-6f8685da33f3","(Re-)Framing Authenticity: Industrial Heritage Reuse Strategies in Review","PSARRI, OLGA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The present essay examines the influence of authenticity’s notion on
Industrial Heritage Reuse practices in Europe from the 1970’s onwards. This
consideration formed the motive of the carried-out analysis. Initially,
authenticity’s theoretical framework is being interpreted through its latent
relation to intangible heritage. Subsequently, later-established institutional
principles and guidelines regarding authenticity are explored from the same
perspective; demonstrating the gradual transition towards the consideration
of cultural diversity and intangible values and, also, towards the recognition of
industrial heritage’s significance and potential. Lastly, the spatial expression of
authenticity’s concept is analyzed with regard to industrial heritage reuse tactics
and classified into five categories, attesting to a clear connection between the
two variables.","AR2A011; Authenticity; Industrial Heritage; intangible values; Adaptive Re-Use; Conservation; intangible cultural heritage; cultural diversity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:e2b7be60-4cd9-4cb3-8692-66800a13dfa7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e2b7be60-4cd9-4cb3-8692-66800a13dfa7","Spanish Colonialism and the Impact of Old Havana's Heritage status","Cheaz, Markus (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","De Martino, P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Old Havana is undergoing a restoration project which focusses on preserving the historic character of the district. In order to fund this process, the parties managing the restoration process focus on transforming the district by commodifying tourist facilities and services. The restoration attempts of managing parties have earned the district its World Heritage status. However, the focus of maintaining its historic value stands in the way of the well-being of the residents of Old Havana. Next to this, the development of Old Havana knows a history of exploitation and has impacted a larger portion of the population in negative ways. The negative implications that have come from the formation of Old Havana and the cost of maintaining the historical value of the district at the expense of local residents should therefore be considered when assigning World Heritage status to a site, place or building.","AR2A011; World Heritage Site; Colonial Architecture; Havana","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","23.134400, -82.353300"
"uuid:e52d38ee-1c66-49ef-9dba-21d8babfde0b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e52d38ee-1c66-49ef-9dba-21d8babfde0b","Monumentality in change and exploration: Modern Monumental Architecture in China after the 1920s","Chen, Jiaxin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This research focuses on the development of Chinese modern monumental architecture from 1920 to the early 20th century by examining first-hand and second-hand information on the development of Chinese architectural theory after 1920, as well as cases of Chinese modern monumental architecture. It is hoped that this study will show in a small way the influences from the West on Chinese architecture during the many periods of great socio-economic and political changes after 1920, the difficulties faced by Chinese architects in the face of two very different architectural theories, Western and traditional, and the attitudes and creative responses of Chinese architects to them.","AR2A011; Modern Chinese Monumental Architecture; 20th century","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8f206ddd-97ce-429d-9561-2cdd447c59d2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8f206ddd-97ce-429d-9561-2cdd447c59d2","Disneyland, from animation to architecture: An architectural history thesis on the development of the Disneyland idea and how its animation roots are visible in the design of the park","Ooijevaar, Jasmijn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","","Disney; Disneyland; Animation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","Architectural History Thesis",""
"uuid:341b8903-aaca-464e-8aea-97b3b904291a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:341b8903-aaca-464e-8aea-97b3b904291a","Visualising the invisible: A visual (re)interpretation and defragmentation of the inexecutable cities of Italo Calvino","Rio Maior Alvarez e Serra, Mariana (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This thesis is structured like the book Invisible Cities by Italo Calvino. Its aim is to interpret and defragment it, thus the structural organisation being the same. Eleven themes are to be tackled and inserted alternately in nine chapters, whereas some contain different definitions or subjective interpretations.
Invisible Cities is a poetic narrative. Mythic, unreal and ethereal descriptions of cities serve as a metaphor to describe the decaying of some architectural principles with the start of the modern era. Calvino names these cities invisible, yet his narrative is extremely visual, in the mind. There is usually an abstract space we inhabit when we read a book. When reading Calvino’s narrative that space becomes tangible. These never-seen cities become haptic - they become, almost, real. What was he doing? Where are these cities located? What purpose do they have? Why are they invisible? The creativity, the dreams, the imagination without limits. How do people relate to the spaces described? What is the architecture behind imagination and perception? Through trying to decode the messages held within his book, this thesis will cautiously investigate and interpret these questions by analysing the deep relations between people and their experience in architectural spaces. However, the subjective individual perceptions occur to be a large part of the decoding process, as the evocative descriptions of the imagined places has been investigated by numerous literary writers, yet all with different analogies.
In the second part of the body, the cities Calvino portrays will be traced as subjectively visualized in this thesis author mind and compared to other people’s personal interpretations. The consequent similarities and discrepancies will indicate the infinite number of ways of imagining virtual things based on people’s lived experience and memory.
Henceforth, this paper approaches the manipulation and creativity of the human imagination. Is our basic interpretation of things based on our lived experience? Do we every so often solely see what we want to see? On the other hand, there is the unseen and its various interpretations attached that will be deciphered in this paper. The experience, the senses, the memory - the dreamlike fragments we keep when we visit a new city, a new place are discussed and portrayed in order to show that imagination is itself a space we inhabit.","Imagination; The Unseen; Lived Experience; Architectural experience; Visionary architecture; Story-telling","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-04-14","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:48a5e575-2ced-46ab-838d-58c58e9a9511","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48a5e575-2ced-46ab-838d-58c58e9a9511","How does modern photography of Iwan Baan relate to earlier works of Julius Shulman?: Dialogue of past and present in architectural photography","Teodorczyk, Bartosz (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Predominantly visual culture of 21st century – magazines, websites, and especially social media makes an image more powerful than ever in history. Therefore, visual artists such as photographers have an extraordinary ability to decide what will be shown to the public and remain in the memory of thousands of people. To be a great professional requires not only an unprecedented skill and technical mastery but also a rare talent to filter and synthetize complexities of the modern world. No one would be more accurate to meet these expectations than legendary photographers whose works will be analyzed in this research paper. This publication aims to investigate the relation between them and examine differences and similarities in their attitude to the profession. It also strives, based on these findings to understand the direction in which architectural photography is currently developing.","AR2A011; Architectural photography; Photography; Julius Shulman; Iwan Baan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1dec1e31-0084-41b2-907c-73d4c94cf0b4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1dec1e31-0084-41b2-907c-73d4c94cf0b4","Brasília: The intersection of the planners' visions for the new capital","Ferreira Martins, Luísa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Oxenaar, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Brasília is the conveyor of both architectural and political discourses. Its construction symbolized the possession of the vast and unexplored hinterland, but moreover it was built to inaugurate a new moment in Brazilian history. The thesis aims to investigate on the intersecting points of these discourses, describing and identifying elements in Lucio Costa's winning proposal which dialogue with the utopia both the architects (Lucio Costa and Oscar Niemeyer) and Juscelino Kubitschek, Brazil's president at the time, had envisioned for Brasília. ","AR2A011; Brasília; politics; utopia; Modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","-15.794229, -47.882166"
"uuid:fb72f2fa-1a6b-4270-8d29-cfff45ba1e6e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb72f2fa-1a6b-4270-8d29-cfff45ba1e6e","How cities are shaped: Railway colonization of Harbin and Changchun in Manchuria from 1895 to 1945","Wu, Xinyue (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Harbin and Changchun, although geographically adjacent to Manchuria, developed different architectural styles and urban forms due to completely different planning and colonization strategies during the colonization process from 1895 to 1945. The study contains an analysis summarizing the historical and cultural context and land treaties. Based on the redrawing of the master plan and historical photographic evidence, several possibilities that could lead to the differences are analyzed to illustrate how the two cities were shaped.","AR2A011; Railway colonization; Manchuria; Harbin and Changchun; Planning methods","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:fa26d130-fc31-4a4c-8226-041098a84fc4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fa26d130-fc31-4a4c-8226-041098a84fc4","Seoul Apatu: A house is a machine for capitalism","Choe, Yeonghwa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","CIAM’s Charter of Athens and Le Corbusier’s books stipulated new urban planning and new laws of architecture. The theory of the modern architectural movement, which defines the principles of modern cities, has been systematically applied since the construction of the French apartment complex. “Mapo Apartment” was the first complex-type apartment in South Korea built by the government in 1962, and Korean call it “Apatu.” However, contrary to the original intention of modernist high-rise apartments, it actually played an object of desire as an urban landmark for the upper class of South Korea. Over the next sixty years, apartments have completely established themselves as Korea’s representative residential typology, and about four hundreds thousands housing units continue to be produced until now under the leadership of large capital.
First, a comparative analysis between US and Korea explains the success and failure of modern architecture. This movement of modernization appeared in different forms between US and Korea. “Pruitt-Igoe” in US can be said to be “a house is a machine for living in” as a product of industrialization. It was an apartment building to accommodate a sudden increase in the urban population, but it soon faced limitations symbolizing poor management, poor architectural beauty, and poor living conditions. On the other hand, Korea’s “Apatu” was, conversely, used as a tool for industrialization. At that time, the government built “Apatu” to urbanize the capital city Seoul, thereby achieving the goal of increasing the population and development of the city. Since then, “Apatu” has successfully operated as “A house is a machine for industrializing,” which symbolizes modernized and luxurious lifestyles.
Next, the history of Apatu will be studied. The Korean modernity of the modernist ideal proposal will be investigated. In Korea, the history of high-rise housing called Apatu can be largely divided into three stages. From the early 1930s to the 1960s, it was used as a solution to solve the housing problem in Seoul in the process of modernization after the Korean War. However, from the 1970s, the target class of Apatu was changed to the middle class, and from that time the supply of it began in earnest. In the process, private construction companies participated in the industry. After that, There was fierce competition between major construction companies, and as a result, Apatu product of more value than necessary continued to be produced. Since then, each construction company has taken various strategies to sell Apatu to the public at a higher price.
Le Corbusier’s utopian theory was left as a dystopia of commercialization of architecture contrary to his intention through the process of Korean modernization. As a result, major elements closely related to the residential environment, such as school districts of good quality and comfortable infrastructure have been determined depending on which brand’s apartment complex it is, which soon caused a continuous rise in its housing prices. In other words, it has served as a place for reproduction, where wealth is continuously transferred and high-quality education is provided. Fundamental solutions will be studied to overcome the problems created by the top-down development of such standardized housing.","AR2A011; Apartment Building; Korea","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:cb664ea5-15d7-40f1-b7eb-5ae4b6fb0a66","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cb664ea5-15d7-40f1-b7eb-5ae4b6fb0a66","The school of wives: The unique case of Stanislaw Noakowski Female School of Architecture in Poland (1926-1972)","Rudnicka, Alicja (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The research looks at the role of architecture education in the female architects practising between 1930 and 1972 in Poland. It investigates not contested women's contribution to architecture development, as they are unquestionably underexplored and underappreciated. Women's participation in the construction of Polish cities remains a blank page in the literature, with only a few names of female architects appearing infrequently. This paper aims to track down female architects working and those unnoticed in the descriptions, to identify the reasons for and differences in the architectural education of people in Poland during the chosen time.
More specifically, the research investigates the beginnings of the ""wives' school"" (Szkoła żon) dates to 1927, established by architect Władysław Jastrzębski and architect Aleksander Kapuściński and Dr. architect Mieczysław Popiel, that was primely called “Female Architectural Courses” (Żeńskie Kursy Architektoniczne). This incongruous name came from the focus of female education on being architects' wives and drafting technicians working in their studios. In 1960 the name of the school was changed to the Stanislaw Noakowski State School of Architecture (Żeńskie Liceum Architektury im. Stanisława Noakowskiego). Since 1970 the school has had a co-educational character and function as a technical High School of construction engineering and architecture (technikum Architektoniczno – Budowlane), graduating with a Building Technician title.
In post-war Poland, women were educated not only as architects but also as housewives according to 20th-century standard, so-called ""Mother Pole"" (Matka Polka) – family-focused, musical, talented in painting and interior design. Therefore, the curriculum included building-related subjects and those enriching ""sensitivity"" and ""imagination"" such as ""The Sunlight in Architecture"" or ""Musicology"". The original idea was to organise during design classes. The pieces performed were, of course, related to the theme of the architectural project.
In the pre-war period, the school was completed by 150 - 200 female graduates , obtaining the title of architectural technician, not an architect, which prevented them from potentially starting their businesses, building projects, or signing plans. Their only position opportunity was to work as an assistant to an architect or drafter. There is no documentation of their later fates, as nobody recorded and stored data about technicians. Many remained housewives: others worked in architectural offices, building men's world dreams.
The school was developing very dynamically due to the highly qualified staff members recruited from the Faculty of Architecture at the Warsaw University of Technology. The teachers - architects - were male as architecture was considered a male department. It is worth noticing that no female teacher from the early years of school activity appears in the data record. However, due to this dependence, some graduates met their future husbands, the architects, through an organised social event as dances and games with the students from the University, forming architectural tandems, which enabled them to work in the creative process of architecture.
The paper traces female graduates, their faiths, historical circumstances, and stereotypes entering post-school life, elaborating on the dynamics between the ""husbands"" and ""wives"" who formed architectural teams between 1930 and 1970.
I witnessed this transformation while participating at the Rural Housing Studio on Mt. Elgon, Kenya, in September 2017. At first, it seemed hard to understand why someone in Kenya would choose a metal roof over the vernacular alternatives, as metal roofs bring dependence on skilled labour and a lack of comfort during the hot summer days. With this consideration in mind, the transformation that was taking place seemed all the more improbable and required an explanation. This present thesis is a first study of what is happening.
Using household surveys and satellite imagery, I study how metal roofing has spread in Kenya. My preliminary study will be a primer for those who will find interest in studying the broader context of housing in Africa. The continent is currently in the midst of a massive population boom, accompanied by considerable changes in housing conditions. The transition from grass-thatched roofs to corrugated iron sheet roofing is a part of this story that should not be neglected.
This thesis, among others, indicates that it will be relevant to collect more data on housing conditions in rural areas. All while developing more advanced remote sensing methods to better map and quantify the transition from grass to corrugated iron sheet roofing.
This project proposes a vision for the cultural and economic adaptation of the province of South–Holland in a scenario of a three-metre sea-level rise in 2100. Exploring the historical Dutch approach to water management, the project believes that adaptability can be achieved through a cultural shift in that approach. A shift is realised using education and stakeholder strategies from fighting the water to opening the dikes and adapting to it. Through research by design and vice versa, a new delta landscape was shaped, strengthening the existing potential of the area. The potentials lay in environmental, economic, and cultural aspects of the area. The future environment is not only adaptive but also a desirable living environment for humans and non-humans.
The result of this project is a better understanding of how a more circular economy approach can be an adaptation tool to the irremediable consequences of sea-level rise in delta landscapes, using the South Holland region as a case study. By exploring the consequences and further adaptation to this new scenario spatially, this project is an example and a trigger for other delta landscapes to explore the different challenges that they will face, presenting a possible and desirable future.
This present thesis review’s Amsterdam’s history and studies the diversity of urban activities present in the city. Building on this analysis as well as on diversity mapping results, the thesis suggests that urban diversity mapping may be helpful in determining where and when tourism can support urban development in Amsterdam.
Who was really the creator of this drawing?
And, more importantly, how do the representation tools used by the two architects translate their architectural ideas?
Architectural representation is a crucial aspect of the architectural practice; the choice of the medium and the tools plays a catalytic role as to how a project is perceived. Through the analysis and comparison of the drawings, sketches and physical models of the Philadelphia City Tower, this thesis attempts to highlight how the philosophy and interest of each architect is translated through the various architectural tools of representation.","AR2A011; Anne Tyng; Philadelphia","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1f3076be-f89c-4abc-95f5-3d7ce3eef30d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1f3076be-f89c-4abc-95f5-3d7ce3eef30d","„Latvijas Architektūra” (1938-1940): National Aspirations of Baltic Modernism in Authoritarian Latvian Republic","Mogiļevceva, Kristina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Increasingly, the attention of the architectural history researchers is drawn to periodicals of the 20th century. However, “Latvijas Architektūra” (1938-1940), the first Latvian architectural magazine, is not yet well known outside of its place of origin. Latvian Republic was among the young independent states, which emerged in Europe after WWI and later on became authoritarian. The national awareness increase and the political environment’s change found their reflection in the interwar architecture and its central print media – “Latvijas Architektūra”.
This article consists of the analysis of 22 digitally available magazine’s issues out of the 24 existing ones. “Latvijas Architektūra” was given its position in the overall chronology of Latvian architectural journalism. Further study focused on the magazine as a published media, investigating the relations between authors and content. Recurring ideas of monumentality, social and green attentiveness, and search for a national expression were identified as dominant narrative, drawing parallels to the ideological agenda of the period. The conflict of the national and international was examined from a wider perspective, looking for similar tendencies in neighboring territories.
It was found that more recent Latvian architectural publications are even less studied than “Latvijas Architektūra”. The magazine, though written in times of censorship and limited political freedom, did not promote a single idea. It rather became a source for public debate, reflection and observation, showing on its pages both the harsh criticism of modernism and descriptions of modernist projects. Architecture of Latvian Republic, being a synthesis of modernist, classical and vernacular, embodied a contradictory nature of visions that shaped it.
The following research takes into consideration several sources regarding the history of abortion rights and the action of WoW, to contextualize and explain the influence of art in the women’s emancipation process. Moreover, through an interview with Joep Van Lieshout, the artist’s point of view has also been crucial to find a complete answer to the research question. The final findings will demonstrate that art has always been a powerful media used by politics, and in this case, has created an opportunity for WoW to make a change in the public and private spheres. In the public, it served to stimulate people’s empathy around the topic of legal abortion, while in the private it created a safe space and a shelter from the violent opposition movements, finding physical and psychological help while performing this delicate medical procedure.
Vrouwenadviescommissies (Women’s Advisory Committees, VAC) of voluntary women have been set up since 1946 to assess the quality of use of dwellings and the living environment from the point of view of the residents, using their situated knowledge as housewives. The VAC Hengelo was founded in 1957 to provide housing quality advice within the major reconstruction task of this city, which was bombed in 1944, and was the first VAC in the region of Twente. This thesis aims to expose the difference between the male and female views on housing by giving examples of the female perspective through the case study of the VAC Hengelo during the years 1957 to 2017. Primary data collection has been done by interviewing former members of the VAC Hengelo and the housing association Welbions, and through archival research at the Municipality Hengelo. This secondary data was collected by doing literature research, with Carol Gilligan and her theory of the ethics of care, and Silvia Federici, with her theory of reproductive labour, being the leading sources. The case study of the VAC Hengelo is used to fill the research gap of the theoretical framework with the role that housewives have played in housing design through the Women's Advisory Committee. Background information on the origin of the VAC in general, the history of Hengelo during this period and the VAC Hengelo is provided to establish historical insight. The case study of the VAC Hengelo reveals, by examples, how the feminist concept of ethics of care could perfectly work as a background explanation of how women, through history, made choices in the design of housing in a different, broadening and more inclusive perspective than men.
While celebrating the enormous wealth brought by the industry, the impacts that follow have fundamentally transformed the urban setting of Macao, including but not limited to the way people live, experience, local culture, and identity from the past. Furthermore, as this phenomenon has little connection and recognition by the local people, there has been limited research conducted regarding this topic.
This thesis will examine the urban history of Macao, the special administrative region, in chronological order, looking particularly into the two significant thresholds that shaped the urban development of the Macao SAR: 1st - The arrival of the Portuguese, 2nd the beginning of the casino era, thus, as Macao has such an unique typology that claimed only 32.9 kilometers square of land, which leads to a relatively small area of evaluation compared to the general understanding of “city.” As it concerns a limited area of studies, a longer study period would be more feasible for this thesis.","AR2A011; Macao; Casinos; Urbanism; Colonisation; Portugal; China","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:fb381012-7d8e-40d7-a782-3fee3fb06e28","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb381012-7d8e-40d7-a782-3fee3fb06e28","Creating the Community: An investigation of ‘t Karregat and the basis and limits of user involvement in the Dutch multifunctional experiment","Norén, Jakob (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This paper aims to analyse the participatory processes involved in the creation and running of community centre ‘t Karregat in Eindhoven using tools and theoretical models on participatory design from the time of the centre’s creation as well as off today. The goal is to understand the limits and shortcomings of the user involvement processes implemented to evaluate and discuss the reasons for why the experiment in participation, community and multifunctionality carried out by architect Frank van Klingeren together with Eindhoven Municipality and Amro/Westland-Utrecht received extensive criticism and was ultimately viewed as a failure. This paper finds that the participation efforts were extensive and that a lot of effort was taken to ensure the successful implementation of ideas, needs and wills of the neighbourhood inhabitants to make the multifunctional centre theirs. Shortcomings can be understood as a combination of the nature of the experiment, the key stakeholders and their role, the extent of participation and the expectations contra the implementation. It is evident that there was a certain degree of dissonance between expectations on the participation processes and the results where key stakeholders asserted inertia in the further development of the centre. The participation was also demanding on all interest groups, causing long discussions as hundreds of participants were expressing their views on how the centre should be redeveloped. These factors ultimately dragged out the process, leaving the centre in a prolonged state of disarray where certain aspects stayed in an undesirable state.
The paper aims at closing the gap in the evaluation of participatory processes and investigations into real life case studies to better understand the limits and basis of user involvement in design processes. This is done through looking at archival material and first hand accounts of the intentions and actions of key stakeholders given at the time of the experiment together with second hand sources giving a theoretical background through which an evaluation can be made.","AR2A011; Frank van Klingeren; ‘t Karregat; User Involvement; Public Participation; Structuralism Architecture; Eindhoven; community center","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","51.445333, 5.522500"
"uuid:20f2a566-1fc0-4058-88b4-665d32ac2039","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:20f2a566-1fc0-4058-88b4-665d32ac2039","Scheveningen: from a fishing village to the seaside resort","Andruszkiewicz, Paweł (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Yerli, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This history thesis aims to answer the question of how the development of modern tourism has affected the identity of Scheveningen at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The study is based on the analysis of predefined components of the identity of a place, based on research in the field of sociology, modern tourism and identity, as well as archival materials on Scheveningen. These sources include photo albums, illustrations, texts, newspapers and maps.
Based on the theories and definitions from the field of sociology and environmental psychology, in particular on the triadic interpretation based on J.G. Bennet’s systematics in the context of place, place identity and phenomenology by David Seamon (2012), the components of place identity are determined at the first place. Thus, the analysis of the Scheveningen identity is focused on three main areas, defined in the main theoretical and methodological axis of the thesis. Firstly, the identity of Scheveningen is explored at the level of community life. This section covers topics such as notion of community, the clash of local customs and European lifestyle, as well as focal points of social interactions. Secondly, the thesis explores the physical environment of Scheveningen. The issues of both the urban layout and transitions in the architecture are presented. At the end, the aspect of hidden meanings and contexts in Scheveningen environment, considered as a factor between the physical and social layers, is thoroughly examined.
The conclusion of the thesis explains exactly what changes took place on the three main levels of the Scheveningen identity, caused by the development of modern toursim at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.
With its participation in the European Union, Luxembourg needed to create a strong image and international recognition, supported by its architectural infrastructure. Today, the European project is still incessantly growing, and Luxembourg as one of its capital cities is required to grow synchronously and adapt it’s image to contemporary ideologies. At the core of Luxembourgish politics remains the ambition to modernise the city's infrastructure in order to perpetuate its strong position within the European Union.","AR2A011; Brussels; Strasbourg; Pont Grande-Duchesse Charlotte; Urban Growth; European District; Kirchberg; Image; European Capital; Luxembourg; Alcide de Gasperi Tower; Court of Justice; Europe; Luxembourg City; Architecture; Urbanism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","49.611622,6.131935"
"uuid:2cc805bf-fa4f-47e2-adc3-fcc0c297f259","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2cc805bf-fa4f-47e2-adc3-fcc0c297f259","Beyond the Correspondence: An Archival Research of the BPH","Gerstenkorn, Ella (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","I named my work Beyond the Correspondence. In the archival research I conducted on the Post Box for the Development of the Habitat (the B.P.H. mailbox), I analyzed the content of the publications which are stored in the archives of the Het Nieuwe Institute Rotterdam. I realized that there is so much beyond the correspondence and understanding of the dynamic of Team 10, the post box, and its value. The postbox has developed and become a worldwide amazing network.
During B.P.H.'s twelve years of operation, 398 letters arrived at Bakema`s mailbox. The letters, sent from private architects, as well as from international organizations and universities, contained information on new publications, projects, and collaboration invitations. Bakema used a very efficient categorizing system, arranging the content in four columns (which after a few years became four lines) – Author, Date, Subject, and Main points. Overall Bakema published eighteen issues at irregular intervals over the years.
Within the development of Team 10 as a group, I analyzed through Tuckman`s model of four stages for group development. I noticed that the B.P.H. publications held a similar evolution process. That led me to my research questions – Has the B.P.H. turned into a professional international network? Does the postbox live a dynamic of its own?
I analyzed the publications thoroughly, following the number of letters Bakema received, the sources, issues that arose, and Bakema's general summaries regarding the B.P.H. conduction.
I summed up in a table the main topics in each of the publications and I highlighted the stages of development, the main themes, and the growing power of the B.P.H. as a virtual group.
My study shows the astonishing power that the postbox had as a network virtual group prior to the internet era, indicating its importance in the history of professional networking in the architectural field, which resembles today`s professional network LinkedIn.
Particularly interesting is the phenomenon that from being almost a naïve means of communication between Team 10 members, it has become a stage in a virtual conference room, when one is lecturing, the others are listening, and are welcome to start a discussion and give and receive feedback.","AR2A011; B.P.H; Team 10; Networking; Group development; Archive; Bakema; Tuckman method","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:19fa106c-d5a9-45da-ba4f-9f7cf0e9060e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:19fa106c-d5a9-45da-ba4f-9f7cf0e9060e","Van bolwerk tot brasserie: De uiteenlopende ontwikkelingen van Nederlandse vestingwerken","van Buren, Vinny (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Rutte, R.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Eeuwenlang hebben de stadsmuren en bastions van Nederlandse vestingwerken gediend als verdediging voor hun steden. Van kleine militaire installaties tot grote steden, alle vestingwerken vinden hun oorsprong in hetzelfde principe van het beschermen van een plaats. Desondanks hebben veel vestingwerken, sinds het verliezen van deze originele functie, zich vaak op eigen wijze ontwikkeld in de daaropvolgende eeuwen. Deze thesis gaat in op deze verschijningen, om te onderzoeken waarom deze ontwikkelingen wel of niet hebben plaatsgevonden, waarbij de hoofdvraag als volgt luidt:
“Wat is de reden achter de uiteenlopende ontwikkelingen van vestingwerken in recente geschiedenis?”
Aan de hand van casestudies naar Brielle, Delft, Bourtange en 's-Hertogenbosch en hun vestingwerken, wordt deze hoofdvraag door middel van literatuuronderzoek een kaartenreeksen beantwoord. Deze plaatsen hebben vestingwerken die respectievelijk zijn behouden, verdwenen, gereconstrueerd en geherinterpreteerd.
Uit het onderzoek blijken er drie factoren te zijn die hiervoor verklaring bieden. Ten eerste de 19e-eeuwse noodzaak om de stad te revitaliseren, wat gepaard ging met grootschalige infrastructurele ontwikkelingen. Dit is met name van toepassing op Delft en ’s-Hertogenbosch.
Ten tweede het historisch belang vanuit strategisch militair oogpunt, oftewel hoe belangrijk de vestingwerken zelf zijn geweest in de geschiedenis van de stad en het land. Delft is in de vier cases met name de uitzondering, omdat deze stad ondanks grote en ambitieuze plannen nooit van groot strategisch belang is geweest, wat leidde tot kleinschaligere vestingwerken dan Brielle, Bourtange en ’s-Hertogenbosch.
Ten derde en tot slot is de houding van de bevolking ten opzichte van de vestingwerken, ten tijde van de specifieke ontwikkelingen, van belang. Dit kan de uitvoerbaarheid van relatief vergelijkbare plannen sterk beïnvloeden, als bijvoorbeeld de Noordpoort in Brielle en het Sint-Jan Bolwerk in ’s-Hertogenbosch.","AR2A011; City fortifications; Bastion; Brielle; Delft; Bourtange; 's-Hertogenbosch","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:2a3d929d-0ae0-476a-bafd-2b85623e67be","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2a3d929d-0ae0-476a-bafd-2b85623e67be","Stacking Stories to Upgrade the City: The Role of High-rise Buildings in Rotterdam","Mastenbroek, Djamo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","With the exponential growth of high-rise buildings in Rotterdam over the past decades the city is now the 10th highest city in Europe. The role that high-rise plays in the city of Rotterdam has been developing throughout the years and started becoming more important. Through literature and municipal archival research, the significance of high-rise buildings and their role have been explored through three different aspects: cultural physical and economical. High-rise buildings emerged from the culture of congestion but were merely used as a tool for the densification of the city after World War II. While the early urban planning did not address high-rise buildings it laid down the urban foundation for the designated high-rise zones in the city. With the exponential growth the municipality set up policies for high-rise buildings to keep the built environment in check. Because of the lack of historic city value of Rotterdam, the high-rise buildings and structures form the iconic image of the city. While high-rise buildings fulfil their role of accommodating people it also functions as a tool for city branding to not only promote the city but also revitalize the built environment However, high-rise buildings can also have a negative impact on the social wellbeing of its users. Both anonymity and the lack of connection with the public realm high-rise buildings can bring more harm than good to its users. Although the municipality is already addressing this problem in their most recent high-rise policy and urban planning it appears from this research that it is important to explore how high-rise buildings can sustain communities and the future generations.","AR2A011; High-rise Buildings; Rotterdam; urban planning; city marketing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:2cf28444-906b-498c-94a0-8bc9ea19161e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2cf28444-906b-498c-94a0-8bc9ea19161e","What They Left Behind: The influence of Jewish architects on Gdynia’s built environment during the Interwar period (1918-1939).","Lubera, Oskar (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The Second Republic of Poland (1918-1939) was hopeful of rebuilding the nation. The country regained its independence after 123 years and got shaped by newly distributed borders in the Treaty of Riga. Following, 35% of the population identified themselves as ethnic minorities (14% Ukrainians, 10% Jews, 3% Belarusians and 2% Germans). The population worked on developing culture, architecture, and national identity. According to the Small Versailles Treaty (1919) non-poles had to have equal rights and be provided with free access to their own education and religion. The Jewish, living mostly in urban areas (74% of the minority's population), were the only ones to create their own science institutions and higher education facilities. They had literacy rates higher than non-Jews (24% amongst non-Jews were illiterate and only 15% among Jews) and became present in all social classes. In the first decades of the 20th century, it became common that Jewish people from privileged social classes would design tenement houses that they would later profit from or inhibit themselves. However, the representation of their influence on architecture became insignificant with the intensification of their persecutions after the rise of Nazi Germany in the 1930s. This previous heritage, part of Polish cities’ history, has been marginalized ever since. Especially in the newly founded city of Gdynia (located on the North coast) which was experiencing rapid growth, the Interwar period played a crucial role. The city mustered numbers of young architects to practice their profession as it was blooming. As Poland regained its independence and people strived for a rebirth of culture, the new and fast to build modern architecture became favored. Central European Jewish architects played a crucial role in its growth. The research studies various works of the architects with Jewish roots like Władysław Grodzieński (1895-n.d.), Edward Fuhrschmied (1909-n.d.) and Eliza Unger (1899-1983). Moreover, it examines how working couples (Eliza Unger (1899-1983) and Oswald Eryk Unger (1896-1967)) operated in the architecture profession with their modernistic approach. The analysis methods are the literature review, together with studying the city's archival materials, and conducting site visits. All in all, this research seeks to understand the role that this minority played in the establishment of Polish modernism in Gdynia’s built environment which has been largely overlooked.
description” from Clifford Geertz, and latter being the “open work” concept from Umberto Eco. The thesis concludes by emphasizing the significance of the role of the “reader” in digital mapping, for the greater public as well as the discipline of architecture could then reclaim our agency in the flood of data with a shared “digital literacy”.
Draper developed a style that utilized vibrant colors, patterns, and practicality which in turn made her a sought after designer. In 1936 she published a book titled ‘Decorating is Fun! How to be Your Own Decorator’. Which acted as a guide for others to achieve her style of bold design. Throughout her career, Dorothy Draper designed interiors for hotels, restaurants, theaters, department stores, commercial establishments, private corporate offices, the interiors of jet planes and automobiles. Towards the end of her career, Dorothy Draper established herself as a bold, confident designer when she retired in 1960.
The paper explores the representation of aircraft interiors and how Dorothy Draper’s design of the Convair 880 Lavatory is unlike any other representations before and there after. Allowing for her drawing to stand out and convey more information that typical interior representations.
This report will elaborate on the question of how a just energy transition towards 100% renewable energy of the Province of South Holland can be created through synergising and adjusting the spatial distribution. Through research by design, approached by students of the department of urbanism of ‘Bouwkunde’ at the TU Delft, the scope and application of regional planning for energy development will be illustrated to facilitate an adaptive, inclusive and collaborative energy transition in the Province of South Holland.
A systemic change is needed, which will create the opportunity for the Port of Rotterdam to evolve from the current petrolscape to a renewable energyscape and to become a leading role model in the energy transition towards regional renewable energy generation and distribution, and a global hydrogen hub. A fair system without energy poverty, accessible, affordable and efficient energy and mobility, a repurposed energyspace for diverse renewable energy systems and a recycling system, and a local energy production will enable a just transition towards a fossil fuel free future for the Province of South Holland.","Energy poverty; Synergising; Energy Transition; Renewable energy; Circular material and energy flow","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:c97b1ac1-2cc8-4bd7-9ad0-495219583c51","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c97b1ac1-2cc8-4bd7-9ad0-495219583c51","Chance to Change the Chain: Imagining a More Circular and Inclusive Food Supply Chain","SHEN, Fran (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Peek, Lisa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kuiters, Timon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Food. It is grown, processed, distributed, sold, eaten and then oftentimes
carelessly discarded. In the European Union, 88 million tonnes
of food waste is produced each year, while the Netherlands stands
out as the EU’s largest producer. Food waste causes soil degradation,
emits significant amounts of greenhouse gasses and can contribute
to poorer respiratory health. Moreover, food waste is also representative
of our growing disconnect with natural systems and subsequent
unsustainable lifestyles. Yet, annually, more natural habitats are destroyed
to make way for agriculture and livestock, often in response to
providing for a growing population. However, there can be a reimagination
of a more circular bio-based economy and food supply chain
that lessens the pressure on the earth. The existing infrastructure
of the Port of Rotterdam and its surrounding areas provide a fertile
landscape in which this can take place. Additionally, while reducing
food waste, intensifying social segregation and inequality concerning
ethnicity, income and urban/non-urban divides in Zuid-Holland can be
addressed to ensure environmental, economical and social robustness
and longevity.
Solutions for problems relating to food waste, and social segregation
and inequality, have then been translated into a spatial vision and
strategy to realize a more circular and inclusive food supply chain in
Zuid-Holland by 2050. The vision and strategy are based on holistic
analyses of the spatial distribution and character of the current linear
food supply chain and demographic studies of the inhabitants of
Zuid-Holland. This is then supported by policies and strategic projects
that aim to use and build onto existing frameworks and spatial
conditions to achieve the overarching aims. Key drivers of the vision
and strategy include a transition of the port’s current fossil fuel economy
to a regional hub for organic fertilizer production to be exported
domestically as well as internationally. Additionally, a network of community
exchange centers and a matrix of interfaces together aim to
change the spatial and societal fabric of Zuid-Holland. To do this, they
provide space for members of the same and different communities to
share knowledge, experiences and tools, as well as re-establish connections
with the natural world.","Circular economy; bio-based economy; Port of Rotterdam; Zuid-Holland; circular food supply chain; inclusive food supply; chain, organic fertilizer production; inclusive planning; community exchange; land use interfaces","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:76ef9ad9-842c-4cb4-9f2c-e7dc8d5974f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:76ef9ad9-842c-4cb4-9f2c-e7dc8d5974f0","Chains of Cooperation: Synergies between waste & Co2","Balletta, Alessandra (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ferreira de Sousa Daher Moura, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Ulsen, Wieke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Snel, Femke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The province of South Holland is a region in the Netherlands that can be characterized by its flourishing economy. The place where the vein of the river Maas stretches out over land and the Port of Rotterdam has settled in as a strategic trade-point. Moreover, the abundant agricultural sector in Westland holds accountable for not only multiple glasshouses, but also many livestock farms in the province.
When it comes to social inclusion in this big trade-port frame, the disconnection between the workers of the port to the chain of trade they are involved in is clearly noticeable. At the same time, farmers have no relation to the port industries and chains of distribution and cooperation.
This said, the vision strives to transform the linear, incoherent and patchy economy into a bio-based economy, truly rooted on circular and cooperative hallmarks. Enclosed within is a strategy that embeds entirely the waste-chains that can be found in both the Port and the agricultural sector and have currently been underused.
The idea of generating bio-energy from processed waste flows from glasshouses and farmers ensures that the production runs on bio-based means. To completely close the cycle, the vision enhances the port provision of CO2 through pipelines underground to the glasshouses in the Westland, as it further supports cultivation of crops and helps to reduce unsustainable energy consumption.
New cycles based on waste, unveil new landscape demands in the Province of South Holland, in which waste streams can be treated, traded and re-used for new purposes. These are zones with high potential to become spots for the exchange of knowledge from both parties (Port and agricultural sector) on how to strive and cooperate in the transition towards a circular and cooperative economy, in the near future.
In the post-petrol era of 2050, the region of Zuid Holland will embody a dynamic and adaptive energy landscape. This new energy landscape will become more resilient and autonomous. The landscape will consist of an interdependent and just network of actors and relies entirely on renewable energy sources.
In the future, the port of Rotterdam will be an important node on the global and regional scale. The futural port will be the core of the decentralized energy network in the region, consisting of several energy nodes that connect autonomous and self-sufficient energy regions. Besides, these nodes are serving as hubs for energy storage, raising awareness, education and other social activities. The port and the energy network will be opened up to the public to establish a new cultural relation between use and production of energy. Pernis-Botlek will be the strategic location where this comes together. The development strategy will reveal how individuals from all origins and walks of life will be included and can adapt to this change. Since, not only public actors have high interest to make this transition happen, private actors and citizens that have to change their business models and daily activities have to be considered. Therefore, the strategy also reveals how different stakeholders can work collaboratively and what actions are needed to combat the energy transition together. This will be shown with casestudies in Brielle, Delft and Westland. To maintain the economic importance in the energy sector of the port on a global scale, an invert of energy flow will be purposed, , from the import of Petrol to the export of hydrogen.
The strategy proposed in this report focuses on retaining the economic prosperity of South Holland while remediating the soil that supports it. Based on an understanding of the current land uses in South Holland and the level of disruption it causes to the natural systems within the soil, the region has been abstracted into pixels. Each spatial type would have a specific intervention that focuses on keeping the soil in it open and alive.
These interventions are further strengthened by creating links that support the exchange of biodegradable material and clean energy between stakeholders. This would serve as an additional economic incentive to support the pressing need to mitigate environmental damage. The guiding principles that make this transition possible include renewable energy generation, eco-sensitive development, nature-based solutions, valorization of biodegradable waste, and using policies to change consumer patterns and reformulate development trends. The proposal, along with the layers of soil data that support it is a case of why soil remediation through bio-based economic activity is vital to sustainable growth and a vision of what development within planetary boundaries would include.
With this information the following research question is formulated “How can the PZH synergize the circular bio-based industry and organic agriculture in order to improve the quality of life in a just way?”.
To answer this question an analysis was done of the current building sector, the bio-based building industry, the urbanisation strategies, and the landuse in the Province of South Holland. Out of the analysis, the potentials were concluded and a vision for 2050 was created. The implementation of the vision was elaborated by four different illustrative strategies and locations. Each of the them focuses on the implementation of one specific layer of the vision.
By transitioning the building sector into a circular bio-based building sector the Province of South Holland will have more biodiversity zones, an environmentally friendly and faster way of building, increased access to organic food for everyone, an increase in the health of inhabitants, and new job opportunities.
In short, by transitioning to the bio-based building material industry, Butterfly Effect will be created.
Consequently, the project decodes the layers of the material, social and environmental dimensions investigating the critical issues that associate with the port‘s distinctive territories. In parallel, it defines the main concepts that can instruct this just transition arising from the fenced urban and port districts towards the whole province and combining top-down with bottom-up planning processes. As the project evolves in time, starting at the most critical territories as nodal points and involving all the different actors, it takes the form of a central green-blue spine that meets Zuid-Holland‘s energy demands while embodying a redefined symbiosis between nature and human. The result defines a new paradigm for the energy transition and the remediation of fossil fuel drosscapes that incorporates material circularity, environmental and social justice under the concept of “Energy Habitat“.","energy habitat; energy transition; fossil fuel drosscape; material landscapes; spatial justice","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis","51.949600, 4.145300"
"uuid:98d2ca0b-b161-4cc5-9b18-4927650fd1e0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98d2ca0b-b161-4cc5-9b18-4927650fd1e0","A Hard Transformation: Transforming Hard Infrastructure to create a sustainable future through the use of green, connected and smart solutions","van Duuren, Casper (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Watchorn, Dan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); XIANG, DANYI (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); ZHOU, KE (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Giesen, Mayke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wandl, Alex (mentor); Newton, C.E.L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Humans are consuming resources at a rate that the natural world can not sustain. Nations around the world are grappling with large amounts of possible interventions that can stop or at least delay the battle against environmental degradation. While we may not notice it, hard infrastructure (energy, transportation, water management and communications), have a outsized effect on the negative impact that humans have on the natural environment. It is a representation of the backbone of modern society that can both enable, and disable, our ability to transition to a more sustainable future. Directly linked to this our loss of connection with nature. Infrastructure is a critical piece of the puzzle that is the creating of a sustainable future. Thats why this project will focus on using hard infrastructure to enable us to live within the planetary boundaries in the context of South Holland in the Netherlands. An inventory of the existing infrastructure network is completed to understand the scope of the problem. Subsequently, a literature review, analysis of similar case studies and industry research was completed to understand potential solutions. Then, using the existing natural structure as a backbone, a series of green, connected and smart interventions are proposed. These interventions occur on provincial, municipal and local scales and work together to enable the human sphere and the ecosphere to exist in symbiosis.
The following is a proposal on how to achieve a sustainable, innovative, just, accessible and resilient South Holland by the year 2060 through a reimagining of the hard infrastructure system.
Theory on transition management and socio-technical systems, analyses of spatial use and networks of the plastics industry in South Holland, and research on the developments in plastic manufacturing, has led to the understanding of the current networks and flows in the plastics industry. A subsequent analysis of stakeholders, policies and design options has led to a vision and strategy for the South Holland region, on how to shape a new circular plastics economy.
In the proposed strategy of Plasticity, (1) the strength of a strategic location in the port of Rotterdam is used to expand the renewable cycle of the bioplastics industry, and (2) by actively engaging citizens in reusing and recycling plastic products on a local level in the whole region, a technical circular cycle is enhanced in the whole province. Plastic is used as an example to demonstrate the contemporary issues around dependency on fossil material in the South Holland context, but similar principles regarding integrating the biological and technical cycle, facilitating space for innovation and growth of circular models, and engaging the whole socio-technical system in the transition process can be applied to other sectors and places. This expands the applicability of this vision and strategy beyond plastic.
An analysis of the prevalent scenario revealed that the fossil-based energy production systems are not only embedded in the physical infrastructure of the region (Zuid Holland) but also in its social, economic and geopolitical networks. This means that as we phase out fossil fuels, its implications will be witnessed on both the local as well as global scales. Keeping this in mind, “Transtopia” aims to accelerate the transition towards renewable energy (production - consumption) by proposing synergies between the Port of Rotterdam and the rest of the Zuid Holland region.
Primarily, by decentralizing, diversifying renewable energy production, and activating the potentialities of its regional landscapes to harness energy. It proposes endogenous methods of co-creating energy landscapes aimed to establish a resilient and adaptable energy system. One where all sectors of society (civil, public and private) can contribute and play an active role in facilitating this transition. Consequently, the spatial relations between areas of energy consumption and production can be seen as activators of urban development in Zuid Holland. Not only by strengthening the economic resilience of the region in face of the energy transition, but also ensuring social integration in this change by co-creating new infrastructure initiated by a collaboration of active sectors.
Additionally, Transtopia focuses on the transformation of the port into a renewable energy hub. Since selected renewable energy such as solar, wind and biomass will be produced locally, the port becomes a backbone for the production and distribution of hydrogen in the Netherlands and around the globe. As an energy hub, the port will also facilitate research and innovation for renewable energy, establishing collaborations with universities and institutions to constantly improve the functionality of the newly integrated renewable energy systems.
Transtopia aims to accelerate energy transition, focusing on engaging multiple stakeholders by creating policies. Thereby ensuring different levels of systems and synergies, which will eventually transform the urban environment into a symbiotic landscape, with a resilient and inclusive energy system that creates opportunities for economic growth.","Energy Transition; Zuid Holland; Renewable Energy; Port of Rotterdam; Resilience","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:adfa0364-2925-4f28-8634-3f0a36895555","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:adfa0364-2925-4f28-8634-3f0a36895555","Brazilian Furniture Design: Between Scandinavian Modernism and Italian Radical Design: An analysis of the chair designs by Sergio Rodrigues in the 1950’s and 1960’s","van Swaay De Marchi, Helena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This paper aims to explore the ways in which the designs of Sergio Rodrigues can be comprehended within two European design movements: the Danish Modern, between 1940’s and the 1960’s, and the Italian Radical Design movement between 1966 and 1972. The research aims to answer the following question: ‘How do the chairs designed by Sérgio Rodrigues in the 1950’s and 1960’s express Brasilidade [Brazilianness] while contributing to international furniture design?’. The goal is to provide new insights on the the possible ways in which Rodrigues’ production was influenced by Danish Modern design, through a case study on the Chifruda armchair (1962), and how it subsequently impacted Italian Radical Design, through a case study on the Mole/Sheriff/Moleca armchair (1957/61/63). The rhetorics of design defined by Buchanan, which comprises technological reasoning, emotion, and character, is used as a framework to establish such comparisons. For each of the three aspects mentioned, one chair from the Danish Modern and the Radical Design are compared with the Chifruda and the Mole armchair, respectively. Apart from the case studies, the research methods include a document survey placed within the field of art and furniture design. The results show that Sergio Rodrigues did not only play a central role in shaping the national identity, also referred to as Brasilidade, in furniture design, but also contributed to the establishment of international furniture design trends.","Brazilian furniture design; Sergio Rodrigues; Brasilidade; Mole armchair; Chifruda armchair; Scandinavian Modernism; Danish Modern; Italian Radical Design; Pop-Art","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR1A066",""
"uuid:e5e12eea-03a8-481d-8579-b94992139ec8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e5e12eea-03a8-481d-8579-b94992139ec8","Industrial preservation in post socialist countries - Heritage at risk in Romania","Ştefancu, Iulia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nevzgodin, I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","The goal of this research is to delve into and explore the restoration and re-use of the Romanian architectural industrial heritage in the context of denial, seeking possibilities of changing the negative social perception and trying to uncover the appropriation and recognition of these artefacts. The acknowledgement of the heritage at risk and the identification of the values and indicators that can create a national classification, are ways in which the past can be recognised and preserved, while the heritage is not lost or damaged.
This historical research explores the common perception about the Romanian industrial archaeology through a comparison of the Western and Eastern European preservation approaches, and an introspection of successful and unsuccessful cases and prospects for future approaches. The focus will be on Romania, a post-socialist East European country that faces a severe denial of the heritage authenticity that is often seen through ‘post regime’ lenses. The actual derelict state of the industrial heritage and the re-use/adapt/restore approaches or to be more precise - lack of – are issues that need to be addressed and explored","Heritage; Industrial; Heritage & Architecture; Romania; Preservation; values & attributes; Risk","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ca20d0da-fcf4-4b19-a853-4dea8e802544","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ca20d0da-fcf4-4b19-a853-4dea8e802544","Modelling pavement evaporative cooling to mitigate heat wave","Lin, Steven (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","ten Veldhuis, Marie-claire (mentor); de Roode, S.R. (mentor); Figueroa, Alejandro (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","As the intensity and frequency of urban heat wave increases in Europe, evaporative cooling from watering pavements has been considered as a promising strategy to regulate urban temperature. The aim of this research is to include evaporative cooling modelling and enhance the surface temperature model SURF-TEMP, which is in development at the Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag), to predict the optimal use of water resources towards mitigating urban heat. In order to test various evaporation models found in literature, we first developed a simple Python model to evaluate ten evaporation models. Differences among the simulated evaporative heat fluxes and surface temperature reduction can be around two folds under the same simulation condition for different evaporative cooling models. Besides the evaporation models, three equations to obtain the convective heat transfer coefficient were tested. We tested their uncertainties and determined the equation that provides the most neutral estimation on convective heat transfer coefficient. We proceeded to conduct various simulations to understand the sensitivity of these evaporation models with respect to four factors (wind speed, relative humidity of air, initial surface temperature, and initial water height). These factors influence the evaporative cooling efficiency and therefore the optimal watering rate. Two evaporative models that represent the higher and lower limit of the simulated evaporative heat flux are incorporated into SURF-TEMP. Results show that the model that estimates the highest evaporative heat flux is in good agreement with the lab measurement published by (Parison et al.,2020) when watering rate is equal or above 1 mm per hour. When watering rate falls below 0.75 mm per hour, the models studied underestimate the evaporative heat flux and surface temperature reduction. Discrepancies during low watering rate are caused by the absence of modelling of water conduction and infiltration with the pavement, non-linear relation of evaporation rate with vapor pressure difference, and the inherent error between simulation and experimental results even under dry condition.","Heatwave; Evaporative Cooling; Pavement; modelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","",""
"uuid:a77a7a6a-5456-4371-b807-f9f64200df7a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a77a7a6a-5456-4371-b807-f9f64200df7a","Identification of Spines in Nonlinear Fourier Spectra for the Periodic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation: Internship WI5118 - Report","Kitsios, Christos (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Wahls, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","class=""MsoNormal"">The nonlinear Fourier transform for the focusing periodic nonlinear Schrodinger equation is investigated. This paper is focused on the approximation of the spines in the nonlinear spectrum using results from Floquet theory. Algorithms for the numerical computation of the spines based on the Fourier collocation method are being examined and a new algorithm is presented. The new algorithm developed during the project computes the spines by tracking sign changes of the function ς=(Δ(.)) in the area ℜ<( Δ (.))| < 1, where delta is the Floquet discriminant. The new algorithm is successfully applied to examples where both the modified Fourier collocation method and the method implemented in the FNFT software library fail. In addition, the spine points that are numerically computed by the new algorithm are equally distributed along the curve, while using the other algorithms the computed points are clustered around the periodic eigenvalues. Finally, the algorithm provides information on which spectrum points belong to the same spine. The pseudocode and the MATLAB source code of the algorithm developed are provided.","nonlinear Fourier transform; Nonlinear Schrödinger equation; Nonlinear spectrum","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Mathematics","",""
"uuid:902d5192-0086-4233-a915-349dc3e874b2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:902d5192-0086-4233-a915-349dc3e874b2","1D source term interactions for shallow lakes in SWAN","Hartgring, Sebastian (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Zijlema, M. (mentor); Reniers, A.J.H.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","During the calibration of SWAN for shallow water lakes in the Netherlands, problems have been encountered. Especially the emergence of an unnatural, secondary peak in the low frequency part of the energy density spectrum poses problems. Therefore, this investigation aims to address the nonlinear shallow water source terms in SWAN that may introduce this artefact.
Firstly, the basics of linear wave theory and spectral modelling are introduced. Hereafter, these basics are extended to the modelling on nonlinear wave behaviour, as these phenomena form the basis of the relevant shallow water source terms.
The shallow water lake problem is reduced to a stationary, one dimensional problem, for which several model results are produced using varying parameters. Three main subjects can be identified: 1) the influence of depth-induced wave breaking using the BJ78-model or the $\beta-kd$-model, 2) the proportionality factor of the triad source term using the CCA-formulation, and 3) numerical properties such as frequency resolution and the magnitude of the flux limiter.
The results demonstrate that, for strong winds ($U_{10} = 40$ m/s) in shallow water ($d = 2.5$ m), source term interactions become complex as they are all of similar order of magnitude. Especially the interactions between triad wave-wave interactions and depth-induced wave breaking, and triads and quadruplets are important for determining the resulting wave spectrum. Increased wave breaking reduces the secondary peak but underestimates significant wave heights and dampens the spectrum. A more elaborate wave breaking formulation (the $\beta-kd$-model) showed improved performance, especially when it was set to allow younger wind waves (high $kd$) to develop.
Lowering the effect of the triad source term also removes the secondary peak, but may not be desirable as it is by definition a relevant shallow water source term. Reducing source term interactions by means of a stricter action limiter resulted in instabilities for the quadruplet source term and thus no convergence of the results.
A possible solution may be to investigate the possibility of reducing the effect of quadruplets for shallow water, as this term (together with the triad source term) contributes to the formation of the secondary peak. However, this has not been included in the scope of this investigation. Furthermore, improving the frequency resolution resulted in smoother spectra and less wiggles in the sum of the triad and quadruplet source terms. However, this may affect the performance of the quadruplet source term as this term has been calibrated for a fixed relative frequency resolution.","SWAN; nonlinear wave-wave interactions; Shallow water; nonlinear wave breaking","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:8409a9f6-fbf6-4a82-bc84-88a49142b134","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8409a9f6-fbf6-4a82-bc84-88a49142b134","Performance of Recirculated PAC for Organic Micropollutant Removal – Development of a Quick Lab Test","Wu, Yuhao (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lompe, K.M. (mentor); Rietveld, L.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Over the last decade, a wide range of organic micropollutants (OMP) has been regularly detected in surface water, groundwater and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. These OMPs consist mainly of synthetic organic compounds (SOC) such as pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Although their concentrations in water bodies are usually low, they can cause potential risks to disturbance and affect human as well as environmental health, which has attracted the attention of governments and institutions to search for reliable and simple methods with low cost to remove them. Powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption is considered to be an efficient, convenient and cheap method to remove OMPs with low concentrations. However, the adsorption capacity of PAC is not fully used due to a short contact time in the traditional adsorption treatment of dosing PAC into water directly. Therefore, some processes such as the Actiflo Carb or PAC membrane reactors, recirculate PAC in order to increase the contact time. Predicting the performance of older, recirculated PAC is difficult. The objective of this project was to simulate performance of aged PAC using a simple lab-scale experiment. Three different water matrices (tap water, WWTP effluent and diluted WWTP effluent) were used to make the OMPs solutions with 18 selected OMPs of 10 ug/L. PAC was added into the OMPs solutions to make two concentrations of PAC suspension (0.5 g/L and 0.25 g/L). Samples were collected at fixed time intervals. The breakthrough behavior of selected OMPs for aged PAC was then investigated and determined by analyzing the OMPs concentration, UV254 and DOC of samples. The setup was successfully used to record breakthrough curves of 5 different OMPs (Gabapentin, Sulfadimethoxine, Sulfamethoxazole, Metformin and Clofibric acid) and UV254 in 3 different water matrices. Gabapentin was the least adsorbable in tap water and the breakthrough occurred after 10 hours, while in WWTP effluent, Sulfadimethoxine was the least adsorbable OMP with the complete breakthrough time of 14 hours. Propranolol was the most adsorbable compound in both tap water and WWTP effluent. The breakthrough of UV254 was observed later in tap water and WWTP effluent, about 24 hours and 22 hours, respectively. However, parameter DOC can not be used to predicate the breakthrough of OMPs accurately. Model fitting based on the experimental adsorption data was also included.","recirculated powdered activated carbon; organic micropollutants; adsorption; breakthrough curve; model fitting","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","C53cc5303",""
"uuid:0da88bb4-40f2-47f6-9793-4fe81a34f9b9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0da88bb4-40f2-47f6-9793-4fe81a34f9b9","A comparison of wave spectra reconstruction methods","ZHANG, XINYI (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Tissier, M.F.S. (mentor); Rutten, J. (graduation committee); Matsuba, Y. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Infragravity (IG) waves are long waves whose frequency ranges between 0.005 Hz to 0.04 Hz. The directional properties of IG waves are essential in various engineering fields, but few spectra reconstruction methods have been tested to be robust for the last forty years. In this study, artificial wave signals were created to check the accuracy and reliability of several wave spectra reconstruction methods. These data were designed as if produced from the REFLEX field measurements. Three commonly used conventional directional wave spectra reconstruction methods, EMEP, IMLM and BDM, are applied and compared over Sea-swell (SS) wave field and IG+SS wave field.
Though the existence of bound IG waves weakens the accuracy and reliability of these methods, they may be used to reconstruct the IG wave spectra with reasonable results. It is found that the EMEP outperforms the BDM and the IMLM since it yields accurate results with low sensitivity to noise in most cases. The BDM is reliable in moderate wave conditions, but would fail in case of high wave height or narrow directional spreading. The IMLM tends to produce less accurate results than the EMEP. The EMEP is recommended because of its overall reliability and low sensitivity.
state that this lower standard is based on detailed (societal) Cost-Benefit Analyses. In reality however, the safety standard is based on simple back of the envelope calculations. The Limburg Waterboard has indeed developed a Cost-Benefit tool which they could use to find out whether the implementation of safety measures are cost effective, however they have not been able to
implement it until now. Additional safety measures to increase the safety level are assumed too costly based on the same brief calculations. It is doubtful whether individual risk laws are met, since the Limburg Waterboard assumes no casualties in the Geul area. The 2021 flood however showed that this might be false for future floods which get more severe over time due to climate change.
The citizens and entrepreneurs in Valkenburg were not completely aware of the risks they were exposed to and their sense of safety related to flooding decreased after the flood. Most of the people questioned in a survey demanded a higher safety level than the current standard. They would even be open for an increase in tax to realise this improvement. Raising the quay walls would be a cost-effective solution according to some of the citizens. However, the entrepreneurs who rely on tourist based income, do not prefer this option due to loss in aesthetic value.
Hydraulic, structural, and non-technical solutions which are investigated in this report, have the aim to increase the safety level or make the safety level more acceptable for citizens. The hydraulic, and structural solutions focus on four main aspects. The first aspect is related to the redesign of bridges in the city centre. This is mainly done by applying a flat bridges design, which is further elaborated with a case study for the collapsed Emmalaan bridge, and a liftable bridge design. The second aspect is related to closing the gaps in the quay walls, and increasing the height of the quay walls. The third aspect is related to the implementation of water tunnel concepts with six different design concepts. The fourth aspect is related to implementing parts of Meerssen’s 4-step approach. The first three aspects of the hydraulic and structural solutions are focused on increasing the discharge capacity of the Geul, while the latter aspect focuses on retaining, delaying, and storing the precipitation. Non- technical solution are also proposed
that focus on making people more aware of the risk they are exposed to. This could eventually lead to more acceptance and thus more pleased citizens.
The first order estimations for investment costs and safety level for the hydraulic, and structural solutions are graphically displayed in order to provide an overview of possible interventions to the municipality of Valkenburg and the Limburg waterboard. Although preliminary, and based on limited available data, these results should encourage both stakeholders, and other relevant parties, to reconsider safety standards and search for measures that could increase the safety level of Valkenburg when desired.
The report focuses on keeping the coastline of the south-west of the Netherlands protected against the uncertainty of the rising sea. This will be done with the help of a dynamic approach. First, an area analysis was carried out to find out what aspects should be given the most attention. After that, the method of DAPP is used to function as a dynamic approach. This Dynamic Adaptive Pathway Policy is then used to implement the different pathways in a structured way. These pathways are made up of different actions. These actions are existing plans presented by Deltares and they form a big list. Not all plans do function properly in order to function as a flood protection and so a selection method is used to extract the right plans out of this list. The requirements that are used to select the right plans have its main focus on protecting the hinterland against sea level rise, storm surge and wave load. The extracted plans that function as an action are implemented in the different pathways of the DAPP. To evaluate these pathways, evaluation-criteria are used in a Multi Criteria Analysis. These criteria are extracted from sources like a stakeholder analysis, old and new watermasters and a brainstorm session with the group members who act through their own accumulated expertise. The extracted criteria in combination with determined weighting factors are placed in a Multi Criteria Analysis after which the pathways have been assessed individually. This evaluation process led to some pathways being iterated to a different shape for the final design of the DAPP.
From the project can be concluded that the DAPP approach works well to combine different static plans into a comprehensive mitigation strategy. Secondly the evaluation criteria can be successfully derived from the old and new watermasters. The old watermasters already have one or more of their plans implemented. The new watermasters, are working on flood protection plans for the future in their daily life and have a lot of experience in the current engineering field. From the stakeholder analyses, the criteria can also be derived but than from the perspective of a variety of stakeholders. Thirdly, organizing criteria using a PESTLE (Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental) and objectives tree has significant benefits for determining weighting factors. At last, it can be concluded that the main requirements used in this project are a good starting point, but they are only focused on reducing the flood risk (only technology). To select plans on a wider perspective(also Political, Economic, Social, Legal and Environmental), it is recommended to take a closer look to requirements from that perspectives. Advised is to consult experts in those fields to help with that.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Structures","",""
"uuid:fd4f7526-16df-4467-b3c6-45e3cb5a3109","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fd4f7526-16df-4467-b3c6-45e3cb5a3109","Hydraulic modelling of the Rambla de la Carrasquilla","van Woudenberg, Jaïr (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Alexandru, Serban (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Bonenkamp, Marloes (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); de Boer, Lotte (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Ridderikhoff, Margot (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Voorendt, M.Z. (mentor); Riva, R.E.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In the southeast of Spain heavy storms can occur in the late summer and early autumn, during which great amounts of rain pours down. During a storm that took place in September 2019, over 300 mil- limetres of rain fell in just five hours. Throughout the 2019 flooding event, the Rambla de la Carrasquilla has overflowed its banks and the adjacent agricultural lands flooded and large amounts of water ac- cumulated in the streets of Los Nietos. Since the 2019 flood, improvements to the river system of the Rambla de la Carrasquilla have been made. For instance: a relatively small culvert was replaced with a bigger one in 2021, to increase the discharge capacity. Due to global warming, the probability of occurrence of the heavy storms will increase and thus the probability of flooding. However, the lack of historical data makes it hard to assess the influence of different storms and the replacement of the cul- vert on future floods. Numerical models can be used to make predictions of floodings and gain insight in storm impacts. The aim of this report is summarized by the question: How can the flood areas and peak water levels of the Rambla de la Carrasquilla and its catchment be obtained by simulating three different scenarios based on peak discharges using HEC-RAS models?. At first a spatial analysis of the river system was done using QGIS. Hereafter a 1D and 2D model were constructed with the help of a Digital Terrain Model (DTM). QGIS and RiverGIS were used to define the geometry of the system for the 1D model, where the 2D model geometry was constructed in HEC-RAS itself. The dimensions of the structures in the river were measured using photogrammetry, due to which dimensions could be obtained with an absolute error of around 2 cm. Fieldwork was carried out to estimate the surface roughness of the main channel and parts of the flood plains.
The results consist of different floodmaps that were made using 1D and 2D HEC-RAS models with different settings and boundary conditions. For the 1D model, one run was done using a single reach for the whole river and another including a bifurcation for the downstream part of the river. It can be concluded that the 1D model approach is not very suitable for our research as it is unable to accurately construct the flooded areas. The 2D model performed better and thus was used to further investigate the influence of different model parameters and inputs. Important take-away points are that the time step is of large influence for finding a stable solution, which is found around Δ𝑡 = 1 [second] in this report. The influence of the surface roughness of the river bed and floodplains was investigated by using Manning’s n. These results showed clearly that a higher value for Manning’s n leads to a larger flooded area. When investigating the influence of structures (two bridges, a pipeline and a culvert) on the flooded area, it is found that the structures do not have a great influence. The reason for this is that at critical points, the river already overflows its banks when the flow is not hindered by these structures. Adding the structures makes this only slightly worse. Furthermore, the 2021 culvert only showed a slight improvement in flooded area with respect to the 2019 culvert.
In order to further calibrate the HEC-RAS models, a comparison was made with floodmaps that were constructed by the Spanish government. Both studies show similar results, although the government used a Digital Terrain Model with a higher resolution, which can have a large impact on the outcome. However, this government study cannot be used for validation of the models in this research, as the results are based on hypothetical situations instead of empirical data as well.
For further research it is recommended to investigate more accurate hydrological boundary conditions, based on empirical rainfall data. For both boundary conditions a constant value was taken, but the behaviour over time could change the output of the results. Besides that, it could be interesting to study the exact effect of using a Digital Terrain Model with a higher resolution for the Rambla de la Carrasquilla. As this can have a direct influence on the size of the flooded area. Furthermore, the approaches used in this research can be used for investigating different flood mitigation solutions. These solutions, for example heightening of the river banks or widening of the bed, can be implemented in the 2D model before applying them in real life.","MDP; Modelling; HEC-RAS","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","Multidiscipinary Project",""
"uuid:68519e4e-d819-4861-b92b-e9735e82f4e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68519e4e-d819-4861-b92b-e9735e82f4e4","Understanding the limitations of state-of-the-art nonlinear system identification approaches applied to experimental systems","MAHAJAN, SAURABH (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Mechanics and Physics of Structures)","Cicirello, A. (mentor); Marino, Luca (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","In recent years, there has been a lot of focus on system identification using vibration data instead of building mathematical models based on domain knowledge. The Sparse Identification of Nonlinear Dynamical System (SINDy) is a method that has been a great tool to identify the nonlinear dynamics. Therefore, in this report, the nonlinear systems such as duffing oscillator, Single Degree of Freedom (SDoF) with friction are identified using SINDy algorithm. An impact of noise in the measurement data is studied briefly. The components used in the process of identification are smooth finite difference-based differentiator, Sequential Threshold Least Squares (STLSq) optimizer and custom candidate
library. Further, a comparison is made between the numerical models and the models obtained from PySINDy. The Root Mean Squares Errors are calculated for all the cases. It is seen that SINDy is capable of identifying these nonlinearities with good accuracy.","PySINDy; Machine learning; Experimental system; friction; nonlinear","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:3106298d-0ff3-4373-b4a1-2f72fe67590e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3106298d-0ff3-4373-b4a1-2f72fe67590e","Development of air-cathode reactor to electrochemically generate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) anaerobically: Electrochemcal production of hydrogen peroxide","Phukan, Maitry (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Halem, D. (mentor); Roy, M. (mentor); de Kreuk, M.K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Groundwater is a major source of drinking water containing various elements out of which arsenic(As) is one of the toxic elements present. It is present in the form of arsenite, Conventionally, As(III) can be effectively removed if it is pre-oxidized to arsenate, As(V), thereby not involving any chemical dosage. There are various techniques to remove arsenic from drinking water like membrane filtration, electro-coagulation, filtration, adsorption and ion exchange. Among these the iron electro-coagulation technique of arsenic removal is one such technique which can be done by electrochemically generating oxidizing compounds like
hydrogen peroxide, H2O2. Instead of dosing H2O2 anaerobically, it can be generated before the aeration step and can improve the As(III) oxidation with the groundwater native Fe(II).
The in-situ electrochemical generation of H2O2 was done by means of an air-cathode reactor setup, which reduces atmospheric oxygen O2 to H2O2, under anoxic water. This H2O2 then reacts with ferrous iron, Fe(II) to produce ferric iron Fe(III) and reactive oxidizing species(ROS)/intermediate products/fenton products. These ROS mainly form poorly ordered solids, which have higher adsorption capacities than the products of aeration. The oxidation of
As(III) is 4 times more by H2O2, than the oxidation by O2.
By varying the applied charge dosage (CD) and the rate of dosage (Charge Dosage Rate, CDR),the faradaic efficiencies of both Fe and H2O2 were analyzed. It was found that as the CDR increased, the overall faradaic efficiency of H2O2 generation also increased from 76.32% to 92.07%. However, there might have been discrepancies in the faradaic efficiencies of Fe due to acid & base dilutions, human errors or the difference in the operational values of the current. In theory, 1 mole of H2O2 oxidizes 2 moles of Fe(II), and in the absence of O2 the main Fe(II)-oxidant is the generated H2O2.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","",""
"uuid:ad4a9520-745f-4837-be2d-5beefd7123a7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ad4a9520-745f-4837-be2d-5beefd7123a7","Truck-platooning impacts on traffic","Duanmu, Zhengliang (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Calvert, S.C. (mentor); Nadi Najafabadi, A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","This research is carried out to determine the effect of truck platooning on traffic flow using empirical data. This research contains two parts, data fusion, and statistical analysis. For data fusion, loop detector data, infrastructure information and weather data will be added to the original data set. For statistical analysis, the time gap distributions under different categories are analyzed to determine the
performance of the truck platoon. Additionally, an analysis of the lane change behavior is included.","Truck platooning; Data analysis; Data fusion","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:0758dd8c-6c05-4d65-b11c-79c37b2ab740","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0758dd8c-6c05-4d65-b11c-79c37b2ab740","Feasibility of the Polders: When can the Dutch polderconcept become economically unviable?","Prevaes, Matthijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Kok, M. (mentor); Jonkman, Sebastiaan N. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Adequate flood protection is important to many countries, but especially so to the Netherlands. With a large share of its population centers located below sea level, in so-called polders, the need for flood protection systems quickly becomes apparent. This need is even more pressing with the rise of sea levels and the increase in river discharge variability due to the onset of climate change. To future proof themselves, the Netherlands needs to maintain and strengthen their flood defences. Especially precar- ious is the situation for polders, which are low-laying areas protected by one or more dikes. From a technical perspective, the feasibility of the polder system has been proven to withstand the expected water level rise as result of climate change for at least 2 to 3 meters sea level rise, shown by Kok et al. (2008). However, research into the economic perspective on the feasibility of the polder concept has been less extensive.
To more accurately determine the economic viability of the Dutch polder concept, additions to the research of Eijgenraam are proposed that fill in the current knowledge gaps. The result of this research is a mathematical framework for the optimization of dike reinforcements in two dimensions, the lifetime of the structure and the crest height increase of the dike. The framework consist of a discounted Cost-Benefit Analysis with a financial constraint and a constraint on the maximum allowable time before reinforcement is needed. This framework contains stochastic elements in it’s parameters and a stochastic model for the discount rate. The derived framework was subsequently used to analyse two case studies based on regions in the Netherlands. The two case studies were based on the dikering of IJsselmonde (dikering 17) and the dikering of Walcheren (dikering 29). The results were determined for the two climate scenario’s posed by the IPCC and KNMI by means of a Monte Carlo simulation.
This research has opened up the possibility to compare alternatives over different time periods and re- inforcement measures with different constraints and stochastic parameters, adding to the work done by Eijgenraam. As such, a more risk-informed discussion on the general viability of the polderconcept can be had, ultimately resulting in a more informed decision on the future of the polders in the Netherlands.","Cost-Benefit Analysis; Monte Carlo simulation; Flood Risk; Optimization; Feasibility assessment","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","",""
"uuid:6047b5d6-7253-40a0-8d2f-5089615ce3b1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6047b5d6-7253-40a0-8d2f-5089615ce3b1","Deconstructing the Urban Scenography of Socialist Realism: Post-war reconstruction of Warsaw between 1949-56","Ingielewicz, Katarzyna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2022","Architecture is used by political leaders to seduce, to impress and to intimidate. This ongoing romance of power and arts is a theme that has been known for centuries. 2019 marked a 70th anniversary of the introduction of Socialist Realism doctrine in Polish architecture, art and culture in general. That dictate lasted only seven years (1949-56), but during this time it managed to leave an indelible mark not only in the image and urban structure of Warsaw, but in many other cities as well, while bringing some new cities to life, like Nowa Huta or Nowe Tychy. The beginnings of scientific research on the aforementioned era in architecture date back to the 1980s. This period still arouses a full range of emotions among the inhabitants, scientists, historians and architects, which makes it difficult to objectively assess its material achievements, regardless of the ideological premises
underlying it. Nevertheless, the ideologists of Socialist Realism perfectly understood the role that architecture plays in creating human consciousness, they realized that with an appropriate architectural ""setting"" one can influence the way of life and the perception of reality. Dozens of prominent figures were involved in realizing this venture, which in fact turned out quite successful in its mission.","scenography; socialist modernism; Warsaw; totalitarian regime; urban reconstruction","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.237049, 21.017532"
"uuid:3abe1504-645a-4685-b412-cac0e8e2bdcd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3abe1504-645a-4685-b412-cac0e8e2bdcd","Effects of anxiety on train travelling behaviour during and after Covid-19","Hafsteinsdóttir, Gudrun Birta (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Oort, N. (mentor); van der Knaap, R.J.H. (mentor); de Bruyn, Menno (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Covid-19 has had a major impact on mobility and especially on public transportation. In the Netherlands, the impact on public transport usage reduced up to 90% per day during the Covid-19 crisis compared to 2019. In June 2021, when travelling by public transport was allowed again, the usage was only half compared to a similar weekday in 2019. To gain information on current and expected future travel behaviour, Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) and Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) organized longitudinal surveys in April 2020, June 2020, September 2020, December 2020, April 2021, and September 2021. These surveys give quantitative insights on current and future travel behaviour that help restore and redesign public transport properly after the Covid-19 pandemic.
This project focused on the effects of anxiety on train travelling behaviour during and after Covid-19. The main purpose of this project was to investigate the group of anxious train travellers during Covid19 and gain more insight into this group, their characteristics, behaviour, and attitude. The main factors and characteristics that influenced anxiety levels were age, gender, and vaccination status. These factors are in line with literature from other countries on anxiety in public transportation during Covid-19. A typical profile of an anxious person is a female, older than 25 years old and not vaccinated. Since attitude already has a strong relationship with travel behaviour, the anxious group was compared to the not anxious group to investigate the effects of anxiety on travel behaviour and attitude. The results show that anxiety has a negative effect on attitude which leads to less usage, both current and expected usage in the future. Anxious people tend to generally have a negative attitude towards the train, while not anxious people generally have a positive attitude towards the train. In current train travelling behaviour, anxiety has the effect of people travelling less, and more people are likely to not travel at all. For future expected travel, anxious people are more likely to plan to travel less than not anxious people.
The number of anxious people fluctuates over time and seems to be related to the number of cases or hospitalizations. The number of anxious people was higher when there were peaks in number of cases and hospitalizations, and lower when things were calmer. During the first year (April 2020 to April 2021), the anxious group had been over and around 40% of train travellers. It can be assumed that there will still be a group of people that are anxious after the pandemic, because in September 2021, when cases had been low for some time, there was a group of people still feeling very anxious. The results of this paper helped identify the anxious group and established the effect of anxiety on attitude and behaviour, which helps for designing timetables and planning rolling stock purchases.
The aim of the report is therefore to provide beach restaurant Irmão with a consult on how to establish and operate a more sustainable beach restaurant, in present or future times. The study, executed at Irmão, focused on three main themes; the water system, waste management and the energy system. The level of sustainability in these areas is quantified in three ways, namely: the use of resources such as fossil fuels and groundwater; the emission of greenhouse gases CO2, NOx and CH4; the pollution of the direct environment, for example waste that ends up in nature or polluted waste water that flows into the soil. The present and future times refer to the two different scenarios used to implement sustainable solutions. If the restaurant is allowed to stay at its current location, it is referred to as the Improved Irmão Scenario. If the location has to be changed, it is referred to as the Future Irmão Scenario. For the Improved Irmão Scenario, the boundaries and limits of the current restaurant are taken into account and the design is carried out within these limits. For the Future Irmão Scenario on the other hand, these limits are loosened and the design is carried out from scratch.
To provide Irmão with a consult how to establish and operate a more sustainable beach restaurant, three steps were taken. First, the current situation of the three subjects is analysed to get a clear understanding of the current situation. This is done to have a baseline against which the final improvements can be compared. Secondly, different solutions to make Irmão more sustainable, within the three main topics, are compared using a multi¬criteria analysis to determine the most promising solutions. Thirdly, the final solutions are elaborated for the Improved Irmão Scenario and for the Future Irmão Scenario.
Regarding the Water system, the analysis showed that the water consumed at Irmão partly originates from the water grid and partly from the borehole in the dunes. The water use is estimated to cause an emission of 182 kg CO2 annually, leaving little room for improvement in emission reduction as this is a relative low amount. However, the water system is currently not water-efficient because it does not contain any water circularity and the water system does not contain any water saving equipment. Improvements regarding water usage are therefore possible. Regarding waste management, the analysis showed that currently, only residual waste is not recycled. Therefore, the section on waste management focused on making residual waste more sustainable. Regarding the energy system of Irmão, it became clear from the analysis that Irmão currently consumes propane gas and electricity from the local electricity grid. Both the consumption of propane gas and electricity from the local grid contribute to an emission of 26.8 tonnes of CO2 annually. From all processes carried out during the operation of Irmão, only the consumption of propane gas leads to an emission of NOx, namely 382 kg NOx annually…","Sustainability; Beach restaurant; Irmão; Consultancy; Energy; Water; Waste","en","student report","","","","","","Multidisciplinary Project: Mechanical Engineering | Multi-Machine Engineering, Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering and Electrical Engineering | Sustainable Energy Technology","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","Multidisciplinary Project","38.6142165053931, -9.216371729873956"
"uuid:a2bd2d0a-9bea-4d00-9699-dd80b5ddd5c3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a2bd2d0a-9bea-4d00-9699-dd80b5ddd5c3","Probabilistic identification of soil stratigraphy using CPT data","de Zeeuw, Guido (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Varkey, D. (mentor); Hicks, M.A. (mentor); van den Eijnden, A.P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The deterministic approach for interpreting CPT soil profiles poses the serious limitation of not taking data uncertainty into account. Therefore, a Bayesian model was developed by Wang et al. (2013) that, for a given CPT profile, determines the most probable number of soil layers and most probable soil layer thicknesses by simulating and comparing multiple ‘model classes’ with different complexities. In this study, this proposed model is implemented into the Python coding environment after which the functionality is verified by conducting a case study on a 23 푚 CPT profile from the Groningen area (NE Netherlands). For the given CPT profile, the model distinguishes 6 separate soil layers from which the position and thickness are in agreement with the deterministic analysis and the available borehole data. However, the case study suggests that the model fails to correctly identify the most probable soil types for CPT measurements within the vicinity of the edges of the Robertson chart. This is most-likely related to a “cut-off”-effect of the joint Gaussian distribution describing the uncertainty of a single datapoint. A subsequent study on the integration of the statistical parameters within the model is therefore required. Additionally, the code includes several optimizing strategies, but remains time consuming for very complex model classes. Further optimization is suggested to achieve greater model precision and efficiency.","Bayesian; CPT; soil strata; probabilistic identification; Wang et al. (2013)","en","student report","","","","","","https://github.com/guidodezeeuw/Bayesian Github with code","","","","","","Geo-Engineering","Additional Thesis",""
"uuid:0d6af648-9338-41ba-8202-fc8f95a07864","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0d6af648-9338-41ba-8202-fc8f95a07864","Reliability Benchmarking of Eurocode 7 Design Examples: CIE5050-09: Additional Thesis Project 2021","MUHAMMAD RAYYAN, Rayyan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van den Eijnden, A.P. (mentor); Schweckendiek, T. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The application of reliability analysis in geotechnical engineering is relatively new compared to the other sections of civil engineering such as structural engineering and hydraulic engineering. However, due to its increases use in recent years, reliability analysis is planned to be included extensively in the upcoming Eurocode 7 (EN 1997). This research aims to compare the accuracy and efficiency between the applications of 22 selected reliability methods in 9 selected geotechnical engineering problems with various number of independent variables and modes of failure. The accuracy of the reliability methods are determined based on the Probability of Failure (Pf) errors, while the efficiency is based on the number of realizations (N) each method needs. The Monte Carlo Simulation is found to be the most accurate method despite its shortcomings in efficiency (ranked as the least efficient). Moreover, the FOSM method is found to be the most efficient despite its serious shortcoming in accuracy where it is also ranked as the most inaccurate. However, putting both accuracy and efficiency into account, the AK-MCS 0 order is proven to be the best method when applied to the discussed geotechnical engineering problems. The research also points out the necessity to perform multiple reliability methods for each geotechnical engineering problem.","Reliability Method; Benchmarking; Geotechnical Engineering; OpenTURNS; Probabilistic Toolkit","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geo-Engineering","",""
"uuid:04d941b9-f99b-4bd1-863e-b99166dc233d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:04d941b9-f99b-4bd1-863e-b99166dc233d","Inferring rare events: The role of the length of observations","Mascini, Marjolijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Ragno, E. (mentor); Morales Napoles, O. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Extreme value analyses (EVA) are often used to determine the frequency of extreme events. The length of the available observations is an important aspect when performing EVA. It is generally known that more available data results in better estimates with less uncertainties. The main objective of this research report was to assess what the influence of the length of the observations is when inferring rare events. This was done by first analyzing the sensitivity of inferred return levels from synthetic data from three known distributions. Also, three case studies were analyzed to observe the sensitivity of inferred return levels and return periods from the observations. The results of the analyses were that a larger sample size generally leads to a higher confidence in the estimates of inferred return levels from synthetic data. However, there will always remain some uncertainty associated with the estimates. The confidence in the inferred return levels from observations also generally increase for an increasing sample size. However, this can not always be observed and other aspects can be more dominant than an increasing sample size. No correlation could be observed between the sample size and the inferred return periods. The conclusion of the research was that, while there is a positive correlation between the sample size and the confidence in the estimates, there will always remain some uncertainties. It is therefore important to always communicate the uncertainties associated with estimates.","Extreme value analysis; Uncertainty; Rare events; Sample size","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:0724584d-231c-429d-a52e-ad77ce8e8025","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0724584d-231c-429d-a52e-ad77ce8e8025","A House In-between | Result of the Elective Course AR0149: Landscape Architecture ON site 2021 | Ode aan de Hollandse Waterlinies","Beliavskaia, Daria (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Bonnewell, Rachel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Cobben, Nicolle (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Eck, Miriam (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hofman, Jasmijn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); KUO, SUI-HUI (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Loon, Frits (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); LU, WANSU (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Maring, Sanne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); NAMWANJE, PRISCILLA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Nguyen, Kimberley (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Oevelen, Lotte (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Os, Pieter (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Pouderoijen, Michiel (TU Delft Landscape Architecture); Schüll, Martine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Yang, Fudai (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Zhang, Xinyu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This booklet shows the process and results of Ode aan de Hollandse Waterlinies, a project developed in the elective course Landscape Architecture ON site. Research, analysis and Sense of Place formed the base of this project. The central aim of this course was to express the given site in a project at the interface between landscape architecture, landscape art and theatrical performance. This year the focus is on inundation and the inundation fields. As part of research for the festival “Ode aan de Hollandse Waterlinies 2021” our team - consisting of fifteen Master students - has realised a temporary interactive architectural installation in a privately owned meadow landscape, where cows, meadow birds and farmers live and work.","landscape architecture; landscape art; landscape experience; Nieuwe Hollandse Waterlinie; Ode aan de Hollandse Waterlinies; inundation; teamwork; construction","en","student report","","","","","","http://www.iopm.nl IOPM shows projects developed by master students of the chair of Landscape Architecture of the TU Delft in the elective course 'Landscape Architecture ON site'.","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Landscape Architecture","AR0149","51.987965, 5.172761"
"uuid:80d7b982-3863-4d36-9dfd-1c9b6f3e5c18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:80d7b982-3863-4d36-9dfd-1c9b6f3e5c18","Venice and the Lagoon: Two new visions","de Roos, Simone (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kanters, Mark (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Hagen, Joep (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Ent, Nils (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Buis, Lisanne (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Draisma, Max (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hartmeyer, Lea (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kaletkina, Anna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Iuorio, Luca (mentor); Wüthrich, Davide (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","What long ago started as a small fishing village, seeking refuge from the Romans, slowly evolved into the city of Venice that we know today. With its unique location came unique problems, most of which were related to the interplay between Venice and its lagoon. By severe measures in the past it has continued to withstand the test of time.
In the decades to come, Venice, once again, has found itself in a difficult situation. Like has been done in the past, drastic measures are required to deal with the current and upcoming difficulties threatening the survival of Venice. These difficulties range from over-tourism to sea-level rise and the subsiding of the city. Acting like the Magistrato alle Acque acted in the past, extreme visions where laid out as possible solutions to these threats.
A workshop week with focus on interdisciplinary design formed the basis for two extreme visions which are laid out in this report. With the aim of answering the main research question: How do flood defense systems influence the spatial aspects of the territory in the context of a high dynamic landscape in the Anthropocene?
The plan for the Perfect Lagoon is one of these, which has focuses on tackling all of the current and upcoming problems were the emphasis lies on preserving and perfecting the lagoon using the building with nature philosophy, while also saving the city from drowning. Preservation is done by solving the sediment budget problems. Due to the constantly eroding system, salt marshes and land is slowly disappearing.
In this plan, drastic actions will be taken to counteract the constant erosion as well as the effect that sea level rise will have on this unique estuary. Drastic measures like redirecting rivers and re-purposing the MOSE contribute towards this goal.
After preservation comes restoration as one of the goals is to restore and increase ecological value, restoration of salt marshes and removal of negative influences like pollution.
As a second vision, the plan of the Symbiotic System deals with the same problems but here the emphasis lies on interconnectedness of Veneto. More attention is paid to mass tourism. The plan aims to turn Venice into a modern interconnected metropolitan area. The city and the lagoon will be treated as two separated system where the focus lies completely on the city of Venice. The lagoon will be left to its own devices in order to find a new, still unknown, equilibrium.
These visions are then further worked out and explained, and for both visions, technical design are made to, step-by-step, bring these visions closer to reality. From these visions along with their technical design we can conclude that flood defence systems have a major influence in the spacial aspects of the territory. Not only in its primary function, but more importantly in the secondary functions. Both primary and secondary functions can be used to create a paradigm shift for the territory. Using the multidisciplinary approach, an integral design can be made for the flood defence, in which the opportunities in a territory can be maximized.","climate change; Venice; sea level rise; multidisciplinary project; MDP; architecture; civil engineering; hydraulic engineering; interdisciplinary approach; coastal engineering; hydraulic structures; river engineering; Construction Management & Engineering; landscape architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:2ce9849e-0c20-4a10-a5a4-ff0c4a50e6c9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2ce9849e-0c20-4a10-a5a4-ff0c4a50e6c9","Fieldwork Hydraulic Engineering: Asparuhovo Beach","Berg, Maikel (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Dijk, Sanne (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); de Koning, Floris (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Stefanus Wicaksana Kurniawan, Stefanus (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Mascini, Marjolijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Molenkamp, Auke (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van der Ven, Roald (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Verhoeven, Thijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Voorendt, M.Z. (mentor); B., Savov (mentor); Marin, T. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Fieldwork Hydraulic Engineering’ is a course given at Delft University of Technology for the MSc Hydraulic Engineering. In collaboration with local experts Boyan Savov and Traian Marin, a team of 8 students guided by Mark Voorendt was sent to investigate the local conditions at Asparuhovo beach in Varna, Bulgaria, for purely educational purposes. Before 2019, Asparuhovo beach used to have a stable coastline with some seasonal variations. However in 2019, the Karantinata port was constructed and disturbed the equilibrium state of the beach. Rapid sedimentation occurred near the port and the port entrance. Due to this excessive sedimentation near the port entrance, the fishing port has lost almost all of its intended functionality, as minimum water depths in the port entrance approach 0.3m. The port was originally designed for larger fishing boats, which are currently not able to enter and making the port lose functionality. It is yet unknown how this sedimentation trend is formed with the construction of the fishing port. The main objective of the research was to examine the current sedimentation near Karantinata port by executing a measuring campaign during the Hydraulic Fieldwork and by setting up a 5 year monitoring program for the marine environment. By doing so, the processes which lead to sedimentation can be understood and a model can be made. With this model, adjustments to the port layout can be examined which are potentially needed for the port to operate at full functionality. To tackle these problems, the students performed the fieldwork. With 2 days of beach and foreshore measurements the research question was assessed. With the acquired data of the system, supported by additional lab sieving analysis, data processing and modelling in Delft, the students formed theories on the origin of the sedimentation problem. With these insights, recommendations for the area can be suggested. The measurements are performed on multiple locations and at each location multiple variables were researched. For Asparuhovo beach and foreshore these are the bathymetry, waterline position, wave climate, beach profile, sediment characteristics and ecology. At the fishing port Karantinata these are the port characteristics such as functions, planning and infrastructure, port entrance, bathymetry and breakwater design. At the Asparuhovo breakwater it is the top protection layer, damage assessment and measures of improvement. At Veteran beach this is the soil samples for grain size distribution. At Martsiana quarry the length to thickness ratio, blockiness were researched, as well as the diameter to check if potentially suitable for breakwater material. With this information, a preliminary model in Delft3D has been set up with the land boundaries, grid and bathymetry file. With knowledge of the coastal processes and the processed data, potential causes of sedimentation are speculated on. It is unlikely that such large amounts of sediment are coming from outside of Asparuhovo beach system, as there are no sediment rich rivers nearby, the sedimentation occurred in a very short period of two years and the sediment would mostly not be able to cross the deep navigation channel as it would settle due to lower flow velocities. It is expected that large parts of the settled sediment near the port entrance is from the beach itself. This is also more likely due to the two closed boundaries of the beach, the Asparuhovo breakwater and the Karantinata port. This was checked by analyzing the grain size diameter compared to other locations at the beach and looking at the waterline developments. It was found that the grain size at the middle of the beach was 1.8 mm and at the port entrance between 0.2 and 0.3 mm. It was suspected that the fine sediments of the middle of the beach are eroded and deposited at the port entrance as the sediment can settle at the Southeastern part behind the port breakwater due to sheltered conditions. The mechanisms that could have induced this are: rip currents, longshore currents and the different wave patterns. To examine and validate these findings, a monitoring plan for the coming 5 years is proposed. This is very important to create an understanding of the systems parameters and behaviour. Without monitoring, adjustments to the port cannot be tested in a correctly calibrated model. The parameters which need continuous measurement are the wave parameters, sea level measurements and visual beach observations. Biannual measurements are needed for currents, hydrographic works, visual observations with a drone, bathymetry and sediment parameters. Before the port is fully operational again, the port entrance needs dredging. This can be done in this time span of 5 years to ensure the passage of fishing boats. After dredging a short survey of the area needs to be performed to incorporate the changes into the model. These are the bathymetric survey, visual observations and sediment samples all around the dredging area. There are three potential solutions incorporated in the report, which can be modelled with the findings of the monitoring plan. The first potential solution to make the port fully operational again is relocating the port entrance with a curved breakwater stretching into the sea. The second solution is a combination of the entrance relocation and water flow through the port. The third is a blocking groyne stretching from Asparuhovo beach into the sea, blocking the sedimentation going into the port entrance. For all these potential solutions, dredging works are needed to reensure the required water depth for the vessel draught. The least costly and most promising is the relocation of the port entrance design. It can be noted that continuous dredging is not a sustainable solution as the sedimentation keeps occurring near the port entrance as the hydrodynamic conditions will not change. It is recommended to first find the source of the settled sediment by comparing control volumes of sediment on the beach over the years. Then a model should be set up of the Asparuhovo beach and foreshore and Karantinata port to give insights in the processes. This model needs to be validated and calibrated with input from a monitoring campaign. With a working model, the causes of sedimentation can be found and further research can be done whether the potential solutions are appropriate.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria; hydraulic engineering; coastal engineering","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","CIE5318","43.223729, 28.010768"
"uuid:a996f4b8-77b7-4f35-86ab-3690b3a7faed","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a996f4b8-77b7-4f35-86ab-3690b3a7faed","Material tests report - Wrapped Composite Joints project","MYLONOPOULOS, Vasilis (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Pavlovic, M. (mentor); He, P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Interest in composites for application in Civil Engineering structures, has seen significant increase in recent years. From composite repairs on existing structures from concrete or structural steel, to composite decks in bridges or even structures made solely out of fibre reinforced composites, the structural industry is following the already existing trend in automotive and aerospace industry where composite solutions present a great potential that traces back to 1960’s. Within this framework the Wrapped Composite Joints project, under Dr. M. Pavlovic, attempts to bring the composites technology to jacket designs of offshore wind turbines and replace the traditional welding technology that is used for connecting the steel tubular members of the jacket frame. Higher stiffness, more sustainable and lightweight design due to reduced steel weight and most importantly higher fatigue resistance are just some of the benefits that the developing technology brings in the structure. Developing a new technology especially when a novel material solution is used, requires robust knowledge of the inherent material as well as bond properties. For this experimental testing series should take place along different structural levels. Goal of such experimental series is to investigate the capabilities of the material as well as the assembled components up to total failure.
In the current Additional graduation work a coupon testing series comprising of different standard test methods, part of the Wrapped Composite joints project is presented. Aim of this study is the establishment of fundamental material elastic as well as fracture properties for the composite layup used in the project. Outcomes of the experimental study will be used as input for the realistic representation of the material and the bonded interface through Finite Element Models(FEM) of several scales, from small specimens to large and full scale Joints.","GFRP; Material testing; Compact Tension","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:734236d7-3876-4175-a807-5dd24d1c6284","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:734236d7-3876-4175-a807-5dd24d1c6284","Flexure Design Optimization for Foldable Structures: Pseudo-Rigid Body Modeling and Multi-Objective Optimization","van Dijk, Jurian (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Jovanova, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Compliant mechanisms have found their way in more and more applications in recent years, particularly in the aerospace and microsystems sectors. The benefits of compliant mechanisms stretch far, and can be exploited for large scale applications as well. Little research has been performed on the use of compliant mechanisms in large scale structures, where large deflections are in play. This while the interest in foldable structures is increasing, take for example the foldable container concept and origami inspired structures. The required hinges can be made compliant, such a hinge is called a flexure. The aim of this research is to give insight in the design of flexures for large scale applications and large deflections, to aid researchers when designing large foldable structures. The research question that is answered in this report is: how can flexure design be optimized for foldable structures? To answer the research question a PseudoRigid Body Model (PRBM) is made in Python, along with a multiobjective optimization. Compliant mechanisms can offer increased performance, however, the design of compliant mechanisms is more complicated than rigid body mechanisms. Therefore, an intuitive method for designing compliant mechanisms is required. The FiniteElement Method is considered for this purpose, but is too complex and not suited for initial design stages. Therefore, a PRBM is selected for the design analysis, as it is less complex and well suited for large deflection members and ideal for initial design stages. A PRBM with two revolute joints is used, because it provides a higher accuracy than a model with one revolute joint and it simplifies the iterative process of a model with three revolute joints, while maintaining a similar level of accuracy. The load case that is evaluated in this research is a moment end load. A sensitivity analysis is performed for the flexure behaviour regarding the flexure’s Young’s modulus, length, width, thickness and end moment load. This analysis shows that the flexure length and moment load, linearly influence the flexure deflection, i.e. twice the length, gives twice the deflection. Furthermore, the flexure deflection is reverse linearly dependant on the Young’s modulus and width, i.e. twice the width, gives a twice as small deflection. The flexure is most sensitive to a change in thickness. For a thickness increase of factor 𝑛, the deflection decreases by a factor 𝑛3. Furthermore, the design of the flexure is evaluated for three material types, being aluminium, rubber and a Nickel–Titanium Shape Memory Alloy (SMA). The material changes the behaviour of the flexure because of the material’s Young’s modulus and yield strength, which prescribes the allowed load. Therefore, it is shown that the measure of flexibility, 𝐹 = 𝜎𝑦 𝐸 , is a good indicator for suitable flexure materials. When taking the results from the sensitivity analysis and implementing the importance of the flexure material’s yield strength, a design constant can be deduced for viable and intuitive flexure design. This constant considers all the variables influencing the flexure design and assumes maximum allowable load on the flexure. With this constant researchers can quickly identify feasible flexure designs and the result of parameter changes are made more intuitive. The multiobjective optimization for the flexure design is performed with Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II. The optimization can find the Paretooptimal solutions for the objectives of shape error, stress and volume, while varying the flexure thickness. The evaluated configurations are for a single flexure and for flexures implemented in a large scale compliant mechanism. For the single flexure target shape, a clear Paretofront is found, depicting the required tradeoff between the objective functions. Furthermore, the optimization visualizes the super elastic properties of the SMA and its effect on the deflection when actuated optimally. The results for the use of SMA flexures in a compliant mechanisms are shown as well. It shows that with the right boundary conditions the superelasticity properties of the SMA can be exploited for optimal compliant structure design. From this it can be concluded that this optimization can be used for design of complicated foldable structures, while taking into account the accuracy of the compliant mechanism’s motion. For future research it is proposed to visualize the behaviour of a flexure with a different crosssection than a rectangular beamlike crosssection. Furthermore, more research is required into the practicality of flexures for large scale applications, since the out of plane stiffness can become too low, risking the planar motion of flexures. Other directions that require more research, are the influence of micro slip and unloading effects on the flexure behaviour. ","Flexures; Pseudo-Rigid Body Model; Design Optimization; Multi Objective Optimisation; Foldable Structures","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Marine Technology | Transport Engineering and Logistics","",""
"uuid:9abdf46f-9833-45ba-ab22-abba8e716735","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9abdf46f-9833-45ba-ab22-abba8e716735","The spatial and temporal behaviour of stratification in the Fehmarnbelt strait: An analysis on when and where bi-directional plume spread due to stratification can occur during dredging activities in the Fehmarnbelt","Nanninga, Stefanie (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Pietrzak, J.D. (mentor); de Boer, Gerben (mentor); van Miltenburg, E.M.L (mentor); Tuinhof, T.J. (mentor); Wegman, T.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The amount of suspended sediment spill released during dredging activities in the Fehmarnbelt strait is monitored along the excavated trench to prevent negative effects on local ecology. Stratification due to the interaction of saline water from the North Sea and fresh water from the Baltic Sea forces bi-directional flow of the layer above and below the density gradient, causing bi-directional spread of the dredging plume perpendicular to the trench as well. During such an event, monitoring on both sides of the trench is required. By mapping out the spatial and temporal behaviour of stratification, a prediction can be given on where and when measuring on both sides of the trench will be needed to include the baroclinic effect. Figures created with monitoring data show that the density profile is influenced by the salinity, rather than the temperature. Therefore, stratification predominantly depends on the in and outflow of water with respect to the Baltic Sea. The figures also show a larger density gradient during out than inflow. It can also be observed that where the water depth is restricted to 10 meters, wind and bottom friction mix the entire water column. Therefore, stratification occurs predominantly during outflow in sections deeper than 10 meters, indicating the need for monitoring the bi-directional plume spread during such circumstances. Whether stratification occurs during inflow in sections deeper than 10 meters likely depends on the duration and strength
of the wind forcing and the initial strength of the density gradient prior to the inflow event. Further analysis should be done to confirm this. Signs of Ekman transport, return flows and the deflection of the currents towards deeper water can also be observed in the measurement figures. Since these processes affect the plume spread direction, additional research can be done on the behaviour of the current direction in the Fehmarnbelt.","Stratification; Sediment; Dredging; Oceanography; Baltic Sea","en","student report","","","","","","","","2023-11-05","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","Fehmarnbelt fixed link","54.568302, 11.275126"
"uuid:c7520caa-3ce8-4f29-ba7e-8b6a00e450fc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c7520caa-3ce8-4f29-ba7e-8b6a00e450fc","Biological Performance of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) Treatment using AnMBR","Ek, Sovannmonica (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Al-Muraisy, S.A.A. (mentor); van Lier, J.B. (mentor); Lindeboom, R.E.F. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) is an attractive medium for biogas production in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) because of its high lipid content. Long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) accumulation is toxic and considered harmful for the biological performance within the reactor as they can be absorbed by biomass particles causing sludge flotation and biomass washout from the reactor. Membrane fouling can be caused by LCFA inhibition through adsorption on membrane walls. The biodegradation efficiency and filterability are affected by several factors such as solids retention time (SRT), and an organic loading rate (OLR). The objective of this research was to determine biological performance and LCFA inhibition while operating the AnMBR system at SRT of 90 days and an OLR of 3 g COD/ L/d under thermophilic condition (55 degrees Celcius).
It was observed that successful operation was achieved with high COD removal efficiencies over 98% and average biogas production of 5 NL/d. Acidification occur in the sludge causing signification drop in pH, biomass concentration and methane production. The reactor slowly recovered back normal after adding sodium bicarbonate in the VFA feed. In addition, acetic and propionic acid were the major VFA constituent presented in the sludge.
absorbing it at the network level. The design which is detailed in this paper uses advance communication of bike parking availability and price incentives on shared bikes as means to stimulate travellers to access or egress the railway system through alternative, uncrowded stations. It is determined that, theoretically, up to 7% of daily travellers in the Amsterdam region might use the system, suggesting that effects on station capacity would be substantial high adoption levels are realised.","Public Transport; Crowding; Socio-Technical Perspective; COVID-19","en","student report","","","","","","https://aetransport.org/past-etc-papers/conference-papers-2021?abstractId=7205&state=b","","","","","","Transport, Infrastructure and Logistics","",""
"uuid:d7cf9771-83cb-46c1-aae8-dde890758432","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d7cf9771-83cb-46c1-aae8-dde890758432","Formal Synthesis of Event-Triggered Controllers","van der Zijden, Tycho van der Zijden (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Mazo, M. (mentor); Verdier, C.F. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In networked control systems (NCS), the components of the control system communicate over a network, which poses challenges to the control synthesis procedure. Signal sampling is one of those challenges. A typical approach is to sample the signal periodically, but this can be inefficient. Event-triggered control (ETC) is a more efficient way to implement digital control for NCS because the control input is only recalculated when a triggering condition is violated. However, formal synthesis of event-triggered controllers is an open topic. In this work, we propose different methods to synthesize event-triggered controllers. The event-triggered controller consists of a triggering function based on a certificate function and a stabilizing feedback law. Counterexample-Guided Inductive Synthesis (CEGIS) is used to synthesize formally correct controllers. The feedback law is synthesized along with the certificate function or using feedback linearization. This framework is also extended to the synthesis of periodic event-triggered controllers, which periodically evaluate the triggering condition. A method is provided for how the sampling time of the triggering condition should be chosen. The synthesis approach is tested on several systems, through which the effectiveness of the approaches are demonstrated. It is shown that the method can synthesize event-triggered controllers for general nonlinear systems.","event-triggered control; formal synthesis; smt-solvers","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Mechanical Engineering | Systems and Control","",""
"uuid:7adcb3c8-6038-4d3b-86f2-c047e27b3516","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7adcb3c8-6038-4d3b-86f2-c047e27b3516","Aspects of mesh generation for the burner optimization of an anode baking furnace","Bhatraju, Chaitanya (TU Delft Applied Sciences)","Lahaye, D.J.P. (mentor); Vergouwen, Guillaume (graduation committee); Nakate, P.A. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Aluchemie produces anodes for the Aluminium industry and is the largest stand-alone anode factory in the world. Anode baking process The anode baking process is one of the crucial steps in the production of anodes for the aluminium industry. It improves the strength, conductivity of the anode and reduces reactivity during electrolysis. Efficient baking involves uniform heat distribution on the surface of the Anode. Hotspots appear close to the burner due to high local temperature gradients. Hotspots lead to an increase in unwanted NOX emissions. NOX emissions can be reduced by having an efficient burner design to create a wide temperature distribution and subsequently avoid hotspots. The temperature distribution in the furnace is highly dependent on the flow distribution, combustion and the heat transfer. Accordingly, a model needs to be developed that can model the above-mentioned phenomena and predict the NOX emissions.
State of the art review shows that there are many mathematical models available for the functioning and operation of ABF. But only a few of the models are tailored to estimate the emissions. Furthermore, these simulations are performed on the geometries with the simplest burner design, even though it is known that the burner configurations, significantly affect the emissions. Therefore, in the current study, a more sophisticated burner design is considered. Due to the complex nature of the burner design aspects of mesh generation are studied in detail and recommendations are made to improve the quality of the mesh.","Burner design; mesh optimisation; COMSOL Multiphysics","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Chemical Engineering","",""
"uuid:880c4ee1-304c-4ad8-b384-1d57bc4c473d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:880c4ee1-304c-4ad8-b384-1d57bc4c473d","Modern cryptography: the RSA system","Straver, Floor (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Verhulst, N.D. (mentor); Weber, J.H. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In 1977 the RSA system was designed by Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Len Adleman. The RSA system is a part of modern cryptography. Modern cryptography makes sure that one can secure important information - like data, communication or banking accounts - on the computer. There are several attacks on the RSA system where the private key can be cracked. In this report two of such attacks are discussed.","RSA; Wiener's attack; Fermat's factorization","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:e0751f67-a944-4e42-ab20-69a17fb112be","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e0751f67-a944-4e42-ab20-69a17fb112be","Centraal Wonen Delft: Evaluation of an Experimental Dutch Cohousing Project","Kirschstein, Alex (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Alternative forms of dwelling, and collaborative housing models in particular, are again gaining an increasing amount of interest in the architectural discourse. Although not a new topic, there is a noticeable lack of research on how existing cohousing projects, that were established decades ago, have developed in practice. Among other counties in northern Europe, the Netherlands experienced a rise of cohousing communities in the early nineteen-eighties, many of which still exist today. One example for this is the project of Centraal Wonen Delft, which was chosen as a case study for this thesis. Completed in 1981, it was part of a larger national movement called Centraal Wonen (CW) and was particularly experimental in its layout and spatial organization in the context of that time.
As society shifts continuosly over time, the design intentions of CW Delft might no longer comply with the lifestyle of its residents fourty years after completion. To test this hypothesis the author conducted interviews with multiple residents and two of the founders. Further, the results of qualitative research methods including field notes, observations and photographic documentation were compared to historical documents, such as blueprints and images. The results showed that, while many of the initial intentions of collaborative living do not match the outcomes observed today, CW Delft as a whole can yet be seen as a successful project that is home to a thriving and diverse community to this day.
The observations suggest that, together with its residents, the project was able to naturally evolve in time, particularly when the design of shared spaces was not too strongly attached to a certain ideology. On this basis, the design of spatial concepts in cohousing should consider a flexible approach that is not tied to specific social structures.","cohousing; History; Thesis; collaborative housing; Dutch; Delft; centraal wonen; Evaluation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:6b147beb-918e-4ff5-a477-89fde89eb707","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6b147beb-918e-4ff5-a477-89fde89eb707","Privacy issues of mobile phone companies’ usage of Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology: Analysing the use of UWB in mobile phones from a multi-actor perspective, magnifying privacy concerns and formulating guidelines","Ahmed, Adeeb (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management)","Hernandez Ganan, C. (mentor); Gürses, F.S. (graduation committee); Fiebig, T. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology became unregulated within the EU in 2007. Most recently, it was integrated into mobile phones in 2019, notably Apply and Samsung adding it to all their newer models. While UWB is characterised as a radio technology with any signal above 500 MHz, it operates within the 6-9 GHz
range in mobile phones. This allows for fast data rate, low power secure
communication, multipath facilities and accurate localization. While the integration of UWB is mostly advantageous to users and innovators, its ability of accurate localisation may lead to severe privacy concerns
The aim of the thesis is to understand the privacy concerns of UWB’s integration into mobile phones by answering the main research question: how do experts and users perceive privacy concerns of UWB usage in mobile phones; and how can they be mitigated? It was subsequently broken down into three sub-research
questions: 1. What are the possible applications of UWB in mobile phones? Phones have other incumbent radio technology embedded such as Bluetooth (BLE) and Wi-Fi, however it seems like UWB is being integrated to serve additional purposes. The answer to this question seeks to understand from gray and research literature how UWB can be used in mobile phones and what advantage it gives over incumbent technology. Research shows UWB gives phones the ability for indoor navigation, gesture-based control, foot traffic analysis for smart retail, teleconference systems, proximity-based localization, key-less entry among others.
This leads to research question 2. What are the potential privacy concerns associated with UWB? The incorporation of new technology capable of accurate localization leads to privacy concerns. All privacy issues were categorised on the basis of three paradigms: social, surveillance and institutional mentioned in Gurses and Diaz, 2013. This was initially done by interviewing experts from the three groups of privacy experts, policy regulators and technology experts. Analysis of their answers showed that UWB privacy concerns seem relatively similar to BLE and Wi-Fi localization, albeit with higher granularity. UWB allows mobile phones companies, third parties and governments track people accurately indoors, push advertisements depending on location, obtain relative relationships between people based on distance leaving people with no place to hide. Subsequently, user interviews were carried out to see if they could identify the same concerns of UWB. Results showed that that from the data of users interviewed, all of them believed that accurate data
localization of people is crossing a line that users cannot push back on. A majority of them saw most of the same privacy issues as the experts showing that, as people get more adept with technology they understand
how it can affect their privacy. A common question that was asked across all the interviews was how can we protect our privacy in the face of such penetrating innovation as time lapses.
Which is the final sub-research question: 3. What are technical and societal approaches to address privacy concerns? Experts provided solutions that were more industry oriented which included decoupling UWBfrom other location-based services, provision of opt-out settings on a more prominent basis, reworking license agreements, industry wide discussion and self-regulation in terms of privacy. However, users gave answers that were more user-centric and gave more control to the common public. This included users neggotiating their own privacy agreements, compensation models for loss of privacy, a more holistic regulation process and finally, trying to break the control of big tech companies. This shows that users and experts have very similar understanding of privacy issues but very different views on how privacy should be protected. Perhaps, it may be time for regulators to pay heed to user suggestions. These suggestions were then compared with privacy mitigation strategies mentioned in literature. Notably, the most overarching concept that needs to be incorporated is the concept of Privacy-by-design which can then be broken down into technical and societal strategies. Technical approaches included concepts such as obfuscation, k-anonymiser, differential privacy, dummy localization and access control mechanisms. All the technical strategies seemingly had the same issue of requiring third-party applications to function. Sophisticated security measures and privacy statements would then be needed to ensure these companies do not choose monetary gain over user privacy. Societal approaches included concepts of data-for-all, technical regulatory bodies and finally, breaking up of big tech companies. As time passes and innovations become more pervasive, it may be too late to incorporate privacy protection actively. The time to protect privacy is now.","Mobile phones; thematic analysis; privacy; Ultra-wideband technology; radio technology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Complex Systems Engineering and Management (CoSEM)","Master Thesis",""
"uuid:c5e7db8d-b71f-41e6-ab04-15cbd3d79d84","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5e7db8d-b71f-41e6-ab04-15cbd3d79d84","Morphodynamic Modelling in Tidal and Estuarine Environments: A Heuristic Investigation into Methods to Model Medium-Term Meso-scale Morphological Features","Harlequin, Denzel (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Prooijen, Bram (mentor); Elias, E.P.L. (graduation committee); Pearson, S.G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","class=""MsoNormal"">The overarching aim of this research is to contribute towards a best practice in modelling meso-scale O(10km), medium-term O(5yrs.) morphological features in Tidal & Estuarine environments. Therefore, various modelling aspects and stages are reviewed. The first pillar argues the need for numerical models in the Geomorphological Engineering discipline on the basis of a brief overview of the historic advances in numerical modelling. Next, the foundation of a numerical model is considered by means of a concise overview of numerical discretisation techniques and their characteristics. We assess the representation of the typical set of physical processes that one may encounter in present-day morphodynamic models and compare their (mathematical) representation following from the underlying choice of discretisation technique. Hereto, we refrain ourselves to the two commonly used methods - finite element and finite difference method. The second pillar gives an overview of the methods that geomorphologists may employ to reduce the model input, and methods to accelerate morphological computations. The last pillar sheds light on different methods that may be applied by geomorphologists to give more insight into the performance of morphodynamic models. These results can, in turn, be of considerable interest in the pursuit to quantitatively validate model predictions. Lastly, this research is concluded with a set of interviews wherein esteemed applied morphodynamic experts were asked about their perception on a possible best practice in modelling skillful meso-scale features in the timeframe of reference. This research hints, therefore, towards an overarching systematic strategy that could be applied by geomorphologists to acquire accurate morphodynamic model predictions on the temporal scale of 5-10 years and for meso-scale features in the order of tens of kilometres.","Morphodynamic modelling; Tidal Inlet Systems; Estuarine Morphology; Delft 3D; Model Validation; Model Skill; Model Accuracy; Model Acceleration Techniques; Model Calibration; Model Discretisation Techniques; Finel 3D; input reduction; Ebb-Tidal Delta; Western Scheldt; Delfland Coast; Ameland Inlet; Wadden Sea","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Coastal Engineering","",""
"uuid:1e0d1fc1-d70f-4cfb-8435-a10d1edf5b66","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1e0d1fc1-d70f-4cfb-8435-a10d1edf5b66","The Inclusive City: Towards socio-economic co-existence through the life of children","Garti, Yasmine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Mooij, H.A.F. (mentor); Mota, Nelson (mentor); Grossman, Vanessa (mentor); Verkuijlen, S.H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Global Housing","",""
"uuid:80d63367-af43-4640-a5b8-edc37e52c14f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:80d63367-af43-4640-a5b8-edc37e52c14f","Effects of Variations in Boundary Current Strength on the Export Pathways of Convected Water Masses in the Labrador Sea","van de Voort, Nick (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Katsman, C.A. (mentor); Georgiou, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The production of water masses formed by convection in the Labrador Sea (i.e. Labrador Sea Water, LSW) and its variability contributes to the variability of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC). Several studies put the role of the Labrador Sea under renewed debate, and suggest a rather complex interplay between the production of the LSW, the boundary current and the eddy field. To this end, an increased effort is put in understanding the variability of the LSW, its export routes and associated export timescales. In this study, the effects of variations in boundary current strength on the export pathways of convected water masses are investigated. The same idealized eddy-resolving numerical model is used as Georgiou et al. (2019) which has proven to be capable of capturing the key dynamics of the Labrador Sea, like the annual cycle of convection, the process and timescales of restratification, and properties of the mesoscale eddy field. Model simulations are set-up with different scenarios of the density structure of the boundary current at inflow location (i.e. southern tip of Greenland). The variations result in respectively a 5% strengthening and 5% weakening of the boundary current, which corresponds to interannual variability of observed surface velocities. The model output demonstrates that boundary current variations start a chain of reactions, significantly changing the dynamics of the Labrador Sea. This has implications for deep convection processes in the interior of the basin and thus the export product. With a passive tracer analysis it is shown that convected water masses formed in the convection area are laterally steered along isopycnals by an eddy-induced shear flow from the interior towards the boundary current at the West-Greenland coast in deeper layers. A strengthening (weakening) of the boundary current yields a lighter (denser) water mass to be exported at shallower (deeper) layers out of the interior. The most intense entrainment into the boundary current occurs where both the density and depth of the convected water masses match the local water mass properties of the boundary current, and where eddies detach from the boundary current. The associated export timescales can be linked to the location where eddies detach, and to the strength of the eddy-induced shear flow. This study further highlights the implications for linking variability in the LSW production and export to AMOC variability as the total export of convected waters in the Labrador Sea is a mixture of multiyear convected waters. Based on density alone, measurements of water masses at the exit do not directly reveal the past-year dynamical state of the Labrador Sea. This emphasizes that a proper representation of mesoscale eddies in models is necessary for representing the export timescales and water mass properties of the LSW, and their response to changing forcing.","Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation; AMOC; Labrador Sea; Convection; Pathways; boundary-interior exchanges; passive tracer analysis; LSW; Labrador Sea Water export","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:71d7bc13-c122-4581-a966-c699f58a4383","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71d7bc13-c122-4581-a966-c699f58a4383","Assessment of the Current and Future Saltwater Intrusion Into the Cai River in Nha Trang, Vietnam","Speelman, Ruben (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Kessel, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kockelkorn, Tycho (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Wierikx, Thomas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); Eulderink, J.L.F. (mentor); Blom, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","","Saltwater; intrusion; estuary; Cai river; Nha Trang; Vietnam; Delft3D; Water Balance; numerical; analytical; climate change","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:c880093c-320f-40af-92e2-b4eb781cb7aa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c880093c-320f-40af-92e2-b4eb781cb7aa","The active museum of art: A new museum approach to increase neighbourhood asset through participation.","Dréau, Yoeri (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Kuitenbrouwer, P.A.M. (mentor); Holst, Sjap (mentor); Lee, S. (mentor); van Esch, M.M.E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The active museum of art: During this Graduation project I search for a new way of positioning an art museum in the 21st century in Rotterdam south Tarwewijk. An Art Museum changes the local environment of its surrounding area. It can have a positive influence by developing neighbourhood assets but it also can lead to gentrification and displacement. To increase these neighbourhood assets this graduation research search for an active museum that integrates art in the daily lives of people and local neighbourhood by focusing on theme of participation and interaction. Creating an inclusive public space for a dynamic collaboration between the art, artists the audience and the environment. Where the design concept results in building a connection between Rotterdam south and the rest of Rotterdam. Reflecting the city structure and history. Merging art disciplines, building as performance (active building), openness, transparency, porosity, strong centre point for encounter and free choice of routing.","Art museum; participation; Participatory Art","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","51°53'48.6"
"uuid:c17b2ecc-cbaa-4bc9-adb5-48ff492a100d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c17b2ecc-cbaa-4bc9-adb5-48ff492a100d","The influence of a charging station’s location on its profitability [paper]","Arnoldus, Matthijs (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science; TU Delft Software Technology)","Robu, Valentin (mentor); Lofi, C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","With the increasing number of electric vehicles onthe road, the routing problem has become morecomplex. As charging electric vehicles takes longerthan fueling non-electric vehicles, congestion canoccur at charging stations. This might lead to theshortest route not being the fastest route, due tolong waiting times at the stations. By commu-nicating the intentions of each vehicle, they canspread out over multiple stations. This paper in-vestigates the effect of such a routing system on theprofitability of charging stations in comparison toa more simple shortest-path algorithm. In particu-lar, the influence of a charging station’s location onits profitability has been researched for both rout-ing algorithms. In order to do this, a pricing modelhas been developed to extend the routing mod-els used for both the shortest-path algorithm andthe intention-based routing algorithm. Through-out several simulations, it became clear that for theshortest-path algorithm, more centralised stationsobtain a higher profit, whereas for the intention-based routing algorithm there were no significantdifferences in profitability between the more cen-tral stations, and the ones on longer routes.","EV routing; Graph theory; Pricing model","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Computer Science and Engineering","CSE3000 Research Project",""
"uuid:1047f8ea-9ed2-4e17-93a0-72bb6dbefa44","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1047f8ea-9ed2-4e17-93a0-72bb6dbefa44","Quantifying flood risk reduction strategies for Tirana","Suijkens, Sven (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Wüthrich, D. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Global economic losses due to flooding have increased over the last 50 years, with damages estimated in the billions of dollar each year. Governmental institutions face great challenges to reduce flood risk under the influence of population increase, urbanization and climate change. Interdisciplinary urban planning becomes more important to mitigate flood risk with a multidisciplinary approach and insights in conceptual designs is important to support interdisciplinary cooperation. An example of a country facing great challenges is Albania, where on average 23 flooding events occur each year and at least 54% of the regions have been affected. In addition, the country faces challenges in the disciplines of urban planning, transport and water quality. The capital city Tirana and surroundings were highly affected by flooding events in 2017. The city is prone to flash floods and, especially in the winter months, river flooding. It is crucial to identify areas susceptible to flooding and to quantify the impact on flood risk reduction of potential measures. Data availability imposes a major constraint to quantify flood risk in urban areas with currently available assessment methods. Therefore a flood risk assessment method needs to be identified that is applicable in areas with poor or scarce data. Once the method is identified it can be applied in the Tirana region to identify flood risk and to quantify the impact of measures. Potential measures were developed in an interdisciplinary workshop with students from the TU Delft and Tirana and focussed on the Tirana region, including the Lana river area. The proposed measures for the Lana river are quantified in the risk assessment in this thesis. The identified method defines flood risk as the product of hazard, exposure and vulnerability expressed in Expected Annual Damage (EAD) in Euro. European depth-damage functions for four land use classes are used, in combination with maximum damage values, to express the exposure and vulnerability component. The hazard is described by inundation maps and the development forms the core of this thesis. With the use of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) a Height Above Nearest Drainage (HAND) map is developed. A Synthetic Rating Curve (SRC) was constructed based on the application of the Manning equation with reach-averaged geometries derived from the HAND map. With a time series analysis of measured discharges, inundation maps could be constructed linked to a return period. The identified method was applicable in the Tirana region. Major benefits are the low computational requirements, easy applicable GIS operations and low data requirements, which make the method easily transferable to other regions. Constraints were found in the use of the coarse DEM with 25 meter resolution, which did not cover river geometries and local measures with high enough accuracy. This was solved by the manual inclusion of river geometries and verification of the developed inundation maps. The Lana catchment is identified as the area most susceptible to flooding with an EAD of approximately one million Euro. One of the proposed measures, a multifunctional cross-section, proved to be most effective with a reduction of 65%. An urbanization scenario, in which the risk increased with 84%, demonstrated the need of the measures. Finally, the assessment revealed potential adverse effects of upstream measures on other areas and proved to add beneficial insights.","Flood Risk; Albania; GIS; Scarce Data; Interdisciplinary","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:060d104f-bce9-4608-9aa9-a73132317254","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:060d104f-bce9-4608-9aa9-a73132317254","Building Rhythms: Reopening the workspace with indoor localisation","de Jong, Michiel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Triantafyllou, Giorgos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Spinoza Andreo, Guilherme (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Dardavesis, Ioannis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kumar, Pratyush (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Maundri Prihanggo, Maundri (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Verbree, E. (mentor); van der Vaart, C.G. (graduation committee); Valks, B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Indoor localisation methods are an essential part for the management of COVID-19 restrictions, social distancing, and the flow of people in the indoor environment. Moving towards an open work space in this scenario requires effective real-time localisation services and tools, along with a comprehensive understanding of the 3D indoor space. This project’s main objective is to analyse how ArcGIS Indoors can be used with location awareness methods to elaborate and develop space management tools for COVID-19 restrictions in order to reopen the workspace for TU Delft Campus. This was accomplished by using six Arduino micro controllers, which were programmed in C++ to scan all available Wi-Fi fingerprints in the east wing of the Faculty of Architecture and the Built Environment of TU Delft and send over the data to an ArcGIS Indoor Information Model (AIIM). The data stored on the AIIM is then accessed using the app on the user’s Android device using REST Application Programming Interface (API) where a kNN based matching algorithm then identifies the location of the user. The results show that the localisation is not consistent for rooms that are directly above each other or share common access points. However, when functioning to locate different tables inside a room, the system proved to uniquely distinguish between the specific tables. As a result, we can conclude that based on the size of the rooms, more Arduino devices should be installed to achieve an ideal accuracy. Finally, recommendations are made for the continuation of this research.
This research proposes a computational framework to navigate voxel-based morphologies of building envelopes in a performative design space. It investigates a generative workflow through an embedded multi-criteria optimization of solar-related indicators, which are mapped in a solar energy potential field. The formulation of this field consists of an a priori assessment of the solar energy potential in every discrete volumetric unit (voxel) and a vectorized description of the interdependency of them. The astronomical size of this solution space renders the use of metaheuristic methods more appropriate. More specifically, a subtractive strategy that incorporates an MCDA approach is being applied in order to reach user-defined optimization targets. The novelty and potential of the proposed methodology lies in streamlining the early decision making process for designers and architects and expanding the morphological possibilities. Through this framework, the performative design space is effectively navigated and nearly optimal solutions are generated, to act as suggestive mechanisms for informed architectural decisions.
The methodology developed in this project results in the visualisation of potential plastic hotspots where Noria’s collectors could be placed in order to remove and recycle the plastic. The potential hotspots suggested by the model were compared with ground truth data collected. The final result yielded only 20% accuracy and therefore did not meet the initial expectation. An evaluation of the shortcomings was made with suggestions for future research.","plastic hotspot; plastic pollution; GIS; network simulation; waterways","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2021",""
"uuid:11aed00c-4de7-4626-820a-8c0f84e33b49","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11aed00c-4de7-4626-820a-8c0f84e33b49","Groundwater drainage in New Orleans","Nouguès, Laura (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van de Ven, F.H.M. (mentor); Stuurman, Roelof (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The goal of this study was to get a better understanding of the current groundwater drainage in New Orleans, Louisiana. An analysis was conducted on the interactions between groundwater drainage and different water infrastructure systems like: the sanitary sewer system, the storm water drainage system, and the drinking water system. Due to the age of these networks, damage caused during natural disasters like Hurricane Katrina, the ground movement sensitivity of the region and the existing land subsidence, these networks are in poor shape. To quantify the groundwater drainage component of each system, an existing QGIS wastewater model was used along with different time series, including hourly and daily data for precipitation and sewer station influents, and a storm drainage analysis based on pumping station data. The following notable conclusions per water system were made: 1) 50% of the total water treated in the wastewater treatment plant is groundwater, adding a large amount of unnecessary stress to the treatment process, 2) the storm water drainage system is the largest groundwater drainage component contributing to 58% of the total groundwater drainage and 3) 55% of the produced drinking water is lost during distribution, meaning the drinking water losses are a larger groundwater recharge than the annual precipitation surplus. A large part of this lost drinking water is then drained by the adjacent sewer and storm water drainage pipes.","Groundwater; Drainage; New Orleans","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","",""
"uuid:ee9937c0-34e9-4ff3-9ee9-a5305bdeb0a0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee9937c0-34e9-4ff3-9ee9-a5305bdeb0a0","Tree Reconstruction from a Point Cloud using an L-system","Dobson, Daniel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Dong, Haoyang (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van der Horst, Noortje (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Langhorst, Lars (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van der Vaart, Jasper (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wu, Ziyan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nan, L. (mentor); Du, S. (mentor); Voets, Dirk (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Storing accurate models of complex geometries in a compact way has become an increasingly challenging issue, especially when dealing with large datasets. One of such datasets is Cobra-Groeninzicht's database of all trees in the Netherlands. In the gaming industry, a new technique is being used to generate tree models: the L-system. An L-system stores a string representation of the structural model of a tree, with the added possibility for recursive modelling using growing rules. This format proves a promising alternative to more traditional methods of storing complex geometries. However, it remains unclear whether it can be an accurate enough representation for modelling and analysing real-life trees.
In this research project, the AdTree algorithm is used to reconstruct a skeleton from a point cloud of a single tree. This skeleton is then transformed to an L-System string format, as well as a CityJSON format (both in JSON structure). The L-system format comes with the advantage that it allows for several methods of increasing its compactness further (growing, generalisation). The overall size of these files also indicates fewer storage space is needed to store the tree geometry. The quality of the L-System skeleton is nearly equal to the input, the skeleton generated by. Assuming it can be read and drawn using a Turtle program, the L-system thus allows for storing the same geometric information more compactly than traditional storage formats, with sufficient accuracy, and the added possibilities of growing or generalising the model.","L-system; Tree; Structural model; Reconstruction; Tree models; LiDAR Points","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2021",""
"uuid:0107eff6-1d41-4f84-960e-a4e149c4b913","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0107eff6-1d41-4f84-960e-a4e149c4b913","Assessing crossing degradation","Wegdam, Jeroen (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Railway Engineering)","Markine, V.L. (mentor); Li, Z. (mentor); van Gelder, P.H.A.J.M. (mentor); Shevtsov, I. Y. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Crossings are important yet vulnerable parts of a railway network. This warrants that, in the Netherlands (a country with high traffic loads), crossing geometry is measured twice per year by dedicated measurement vehicles. This produces so much (point cloud) data that prioritizing and predicting is not possible by hand. It can be done by automating the assessments, by an automated process of four steps: cleaning the data, generating relevant performance indicators (features) per measurement, drawing conclusions from all features and visualizing/communicating the results. This project encompasses the first three steps for the most common type of crossing (the 1:9 fixed UIC54 common crossing). The results show that the features yield useful information and insights for both prioritizing and predicting.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:16927253-d578-45d9-a9e3-09a6cc0456f1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16927253-d578-45d9-a9e3-09a6cc0456f1","Petro-free mobility: A regional strategy to facilitate the mobility transition in the Province of South-Holland","Brouwer, Juliette (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Eck, Miriam (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hermans, Joëlle (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Louwen, Tijmen (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rensman, Cynthia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Human driven pollution is causing irreversible damage to the habitability of our planet. Due to these environmental concerns, it has become imperative to move away from petrochemical dependency as this industry contributes significant greenhouse gases causing air, soil and water pollution. About 85% of the petrochemical industry that travels through the port of Rotterdam goes towards fuels for mobility, this is a critical bottleneck that requires careful consideration. To ensure a sustainable province in terms of both a liveable province as well as economic prosperity policy is set up by means of communicative rationality between all actors (commercial stakeholders, residents, consumers, etc.). In 2060 all our vehicles will run on electricity from sustainable production sources, such as solar and wind. We will travel less and more efficiently in part by improving spatial proximity to (social) functions. To aid this mobility transition, biofuel potentials will be optimized to phase out the existing infrastructural dependencies by 2040. After which a complete build down from all polluting mobility fuels will be put into action. This phase allows different actors to cultivate and experiment with sustainable waste–to– value connections between stakeholders by optimizing biofuel potentials from regional waste. To make this transition succeed, the mobility and fuel transition is brought on through the three pillars: 1. sustainable connections, 2. waste to value and 3. consumer patterns. Allowing for an integrative transition in line with the global move towards a circular economy and a more healthy and liveable environment. As a result of this transition the petroleum–industry leaves waste spaces that require transformation. By creating a toolkit to assess different typological waste spaces, petrol stations, terminals and refineries will be transformed into residential, office, cultural, green and other functions after the soil is properly remediated.","circular mobility; petrochemical industry; fuel transition; wastescape; transformation; South-Holland","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:d14c9c98-48ae-48fa-af96-7c0ef87d7365","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d14c9c98-48ae-48fa-af96-7c0ef87d7365","In Passing: The cemetery as a temporal bridge between physical life and symbolic death","Parlar, Yasemin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis will examine how time-based design features in funerary architecture are manifested as architectural narratives, focusing on the experience of the visitor as they pass through the space. Accepting the transition period, from Arnold van Gennep’s Rites of Passage, as the most prominent of the funerary rites, temporal elements in architecture for death take on a significant role to determine the experience of the visitors. These temporal elements guide the visitor’s spiritual journey through the various stages of transition.
Through the analysis of a selection of case studies that all use time as a medium in their architectural elements, this thesis will attempt to reveal the entangled relationships between the passage of time and the visitor’s self-reflection. The focus on a temporal approach will be used to understand how the episodic fragments of the architecture are unified into one symbolic transitory space. The research will, therefore, examine how the use of symbolism and metaphors of death and transition from one realm to the other translates into poetic architecture that orchestrates the experience of the visitor often in a sequential manner.
This thesis examines which materials are most used in memorials and what is the spectator’s expected emotional response to their material properties? First, is researched which materials are frequently used in memorials and what functional reasons lie behind them. The literature will be obtained from websites and internet articles. The observational research will be done online by studying the most famous Western contemporary memorials. After this, online books and scientific articles will be consulted to explain the functioning of the perception of materials. This will be done for the material properties colour, texture, transparency & reflectivity and perceived mass. Following this, the findings will be examined in the case studies. For this purpose, the material sused in the case studies will be analysed and compared by means of self-made drawings, analytic sketches, and photographs. To do this, we will look into three different public historical and trauma-related memorials where different materials have been used. Research shows that granite, marble, sandstone,limestone, iron, weathering steel, bronze, concrete, and glass proved to be the most used materials in current memorials. It also shows that the different material properties influence the emotional response of the viewer in different ways. The analyses show the expected emotional response to the materials and how they could have better matched the ideology of the designed memorial to achieve the desired emotional effect.","Materials; Colour; Texture; Transparency & reflectivity; Perceived mass; Perception; Memorials","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:7c8ecd19-ebdc-4084-a52a-e5d3366e4264","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7c8ecd19-ebdc-4084-a52a-e5d3366e4264","Context, birth and regeneration strategies for distressed urban areas: four case studies on global parallels and differences","Todorova, Izabel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Teunissen, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Marginalised, dilapidated, deprived, often centres of crime, poor living conditions and even poorer life prospects. It is common knowledge that this is the reality of many urban areas in numerous mega cities and not only. Each developing country has struggled with uncontrolled urban sprawl in the rapid urbanization processes that commenced with the industrial revolution almost two centuries ago. Furthermore, natural calamities, war aftermath and poor economic outlook led to the desolation of many parts of the world. Part of a vicious circle of self-enforcing and intertwined dynamics of various character, these areas usually seem beyond salvation. However, history proves that this is not the case and although difficult, change is possible.
This paper focuses on the relatively new challenge of urban regeneration by examining four case studies with the aim of pinpointing the underlying political, economic and social circumstances which generate such negative zones and the subsequent urban strategies employed for their improvMarginalised, dilapidated, deprived, often centres of crime, poor living conditions and even poorer life prospects. It is common knowledge that this is the reality of many urban areas in numerous mega cities and not only. Each developing country has struggled with uncontrolled urban sprawl in the rapid urbanization processes that commenced with the industrial revolution almost two centuries ago. Furthermore, natural calamities, war aftermath and poor economic outlook led to the desolation of many parts of the world. Part of a vicious circle of self-enforcing and intertwined dynamics of various character, these areas usually seem beyond salvation. However, history proves that this is not the case and although difficult, change is possible. This paper focuses on the relatively new challenge of urban regeneration by examining four case studies with the aim of pinpointing the underlying political, economic and social circumstances which generate such negative zones and the subsequent urban strategies employed for their improvement. A comparative study between four urban transformations, each of varying scale, geographical location and different respective prerequisites, draws the parallels and margins in an attempt to underline the main agents of change and the activation of dormant capital. The comparison is carried out following a structure, based on recurring patterns and themes, which consider various parameters such as historical context, political scene, economic dynamics, urban strategy and public involvement . By analysing examples of successful strategies from the recent past in relation to their context, connections are made between various criteria and strategic courses of action are presented as tools in the quest of making our environment more sustainable and healthy to its users. This thesis work contributes to the urban regeneration discourse and could be of use for future revitalization projects. ement.
A comparative study between four urban transformations, each of varying scale, geographical location and different respective prerequisites, draws the parallels and margins in an attempt to underline the main agents of change and the activation of dormant capital. The comparison is carried out following a structure, based on recurring patterns and themes, which consider various parameters such as historical context, political scene, economic dynamics, urban strategy and public involvement .
By analysing examples of successful strategies from the recent past in relation to their context, connections are made between various criteria and strategic courses of action are presented as tools in the quest of making our environment more sustainable and healthy to its users. This thesis work contributes to the urban regeneration discourse and could be of use for future revitalization projects.","AR2A011; Urban regeneration; urban planning; urban transformation; distressed neighbourhood; urban decline","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:6815c247-9064-4554-ac95-eacfaf3a6e07","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6815c247-9064-4554-ac95-eacfaf3a6e07","Waste system rejuvenation: Configuring the dialogue between waste collection stations and cities in the South Holland region","Vellinga, Jochem (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jiang, Minyue (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Tziourrou, Patrisia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rijff, Ydze (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Agbaria, Zahra (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","At the moment, 23,5% of total waste production in the Netherlands comes from the construction sector. Therefore, in view of international agreements and the developing climate crisis, by 2050 this construction- and demolition sector should be transformed into a circular system that limits CO2 severely. It is important to bear in mind that current waste collection and waste treatment in the Netherlands are often separated and that it is a system that does not integrate social and spatial aspects, such as education or embeddedness in the urban fabric. These processes lack in optimal use of existing spatial systems in order to stimulate a sustainable circular flow of materials. In order to tackle this problem, we envision to integrate several systems of existing waste collection stations and treatment facilities and involve citizens in the waste system rejuvenation. In order to achieve this, we build upon the existing network of waste collection stations, by transforming it into a multi-functional system. Adding social values to the existing systems such as educational facilities and maker spaces improves their spatial quality and contributes to more public awareness about these systems. In order to achieve this, we propose to integrate systems into the urban fabric and improve the dialogue with the cities in the South Holland region. However, the unique identity of each location requires a multi-layered approach, consisting of central hubs and local- and flexible spokes. The central hubs emphasize logistical optimization of circular material processes, while the local and flexible spokes focus more on public awareness creation. The local spokes do so through integration with the city and the flexible spokes with a more adaptable character by being related to construction sites. To determine the functions and characteristics of each site, the regional strategy will take into account all individual spatial, environmental, social, and technical characteristics in order to achieve the best interaction between them. The multi-scale integration and rejuvenation of the system improve the efficiency and the sustainability of waste collection, with an impact on the spatial qualities of the waste collection stations. In turn, this leads to added social values and crucial society-wide awareness for the transition and active engagement of citizens in the circular economy.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:df8b2567-b882-4aa5-a6e0-66cf01ff16b5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:df8b2567-b882-4aa5-a6e0-66cf01ff16b5","South Holland's petroleum(e)scape: a vision and strategy towards a mutualist energy landscape in 2050","Stolk, Jessica (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Nguyen, Kimberley (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Douma, Douwe (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hofman, Jasmijn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van der Drift, Bjarne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In the past decades, the port of Rotterdam has been considered as one of the main engines of the Dutch national economy, since it is the largest hub for fossil fuels in Europe. The province of South-Holland and the Port of Rotterdam hereby form the heart of the economic centre of the Netherlands, contributing to 21% of the national GDP. However, the economic growth and prosperity of the region is inevitably linked to CO2 emissions and pollution. On the local level, the petroleumscape produces an invasive effect on the livability of its direct environment, exposing the local population to the burdens of the financial gains of the petrochemical industries. Also, we urgently need to transition towards a more sustainable energy system due to growing risks as a result of climate change. This poses a challenge to the region, since the main driver of the current industry is based on a highly centralized energy system. Such systems are not fit to make use of locally perceived potential of renewable energy sources. In the transition towards a distributed energy system, ecologic, social and economic challenges with strong spatial components arise in the region of South-Holland. Therefore, this strategy aims for an approach for giving shape and meaning to the energy transition in the province of South-Holland. Our team explores the way in which decentralization of certain building blocks in the mechanisms of energy production, conversion and storage could deliver a more democratic, self-sufficient and resilient system. Simultaneously, it should empower the local economy. By rearranging and reimagining the configuration of space in the port region, new spatial layers come to existence, which are oriented towards improving social and ecological structures. Once the polluting industries transform into cleaner industries, new spaces and opportunities open up for sustainable redevelopment of the waterfront. Space for recreation, flora and fauna will bring about a more gradual transition from port to city to hinterland. The sum of all interventions will contribute to the global objective of mitigating climate change, while reintroducing spatial justice and creating meaningful connections between industrial, rural and urban landscapes in the region.","Petroleumscape; Port of Rotterdam; Energy transitition; Energy landscape","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis","52.0, 4.0"
"uuid:985e5b56-65f9-4b9e-829c-ca35782b0253","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:985e5b56-65f9-4b9e-829c-ca35782b0253","Game Changer: The influence of computer on architectural design","Sośnierz, Zofia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Es, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis investigates the relationship between the computer and the architect. It begins with exploring the profession of an architect that was redefined in the XV century. By doing so, it helps the reader to understand the way the architects performed their profession throughout the centuries, until the digital revolution. After that, the thesis uses the project of Biocenter by Peter Eisenman as a case study to help the reader understand how the computer started to be used and what it was used for in the process of architectural design. Overall, this thesis will show various ways the way the computer was used in the early years of digitalisation and what changes it made in the architecture industry.
Seeing as these physical attributes in a building have an effect on physical health, would it then not also make sense for them to have an effect on mental health? Acoustics, for example, can lead to headaches, which is an obvious physical issue that - in this case - comes from prolonged exposure to bad acoustics within the building. Research done by Seddigh, Berntson, Jönsson, Danielson, and Westerlund (2015, p. 37) even shows that an improvement in acoustics was always met with ‘lower perceived disturbances and cognitive stress’. This thesis aims to provide insight into the effects physical attributes in the built environment have on the five senses, and - per extension - physical and mental health. Since health is an especially important factor to take into account within health care facilities, this thesis will reflect upon the design choices made within recently built health care facilities. Only recently built health care facilities were chosen for this seeing as both psychology and architecture are ever-evolving, and these facilites will hopefully provide more insight into the current state of affairs within both of these fields of study. The research question that will be used to gain insight into these effect is: How do the design choices in recently built care facilities affect the healing processes of their patients?","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8a637424-b476-4ce0-ad06-13fe42759649","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8a637424-b476-4ce0-ad06-13fe42759649","Il Grande Cretto di Burri, a question of meaning and identity: A focus on Gibellina’s earthquake, reconstruction and re-semantization","Crotti, Francesca (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The catastrophic effects of seismic events that, in the last decade, hit Italian cities and landscapes have shown the urgency and topicality of a historically recurring issue. The traumatic events affected various communities and stemmed different political and social responses. The same etymology of the word ""catastrophe"", from the Greek καταστρέϕω (katastrepho), suggests a double meaning: revolution and solution, referring, in the one case, to an The catastrophic effects of seismic events that, in the last decade, hit Italian cities and landscapes have shown the urgency and topicality of a historically recurring issue. The traumatic events affected various communities and stemmed different political and social responses. The same etymology of the word ""catastrophe"", from the Greek καταστρέϕω (katastrepho), suggests a double meaning: revolution and solution, referring, in the one case, to an alteration (most likely a traumatic change) while, in the other, to a decisive reaction with respect to a previous status. Witnessing the results of these socio-political responses (proving more or less successful, depending on the cases), prompted me to try and look at the catastrophe as a generative event, able to crate new spatial conditions in the landscape and in the built environment. To examine this under a spatial, semantic and social point of view, I will focus my research on the case of Gibellina (Sicily) or, better to say, on the two cities of Gibellina: Gibellina la Nuova (new) and Gibellina la Vecchia (old). In 1968 a massive seismic event destroyed the Belice Valley. Nuova Gibellina was raised twenty kilometers far from the original location of the old center as an answer to the earthquake and the trauma it produced. Here, an impressive amount of artistic and architectural interventions were carried out between the ‘70s and the early ’00s as part of a plan of cultural and identity re-birth. On the other hand, the history of the remains of the old center (Gibellina Vecchia) involve, as a key figure, the Italian artist Alberto Burri. Contrary to the reconstruction and relocation plan thought for Gibellina Nuova, Burri demanded to act in strict physical proximity with the place of the trauma. He confronted it by creating a visual repetition of the catastrophe, by making the traumatic experience perpetual and including the remains within its work with an action of reversed archeology; in other words, he created Il Grande Cretto di Gibellina. The first part of the thesis will draw a critical historical excursus through the most significant phases of Gibellina’s process of destruction, re-location and reconstruction. The second part of the thesis will try to give a definition to Burri’s piece of art. This will allow a critical comparative analysis between the two, nearly opposite, responses to the catastrophe with their spatial, historic and social implications. In the last part of the thesis, through the analysis of recent documentaries, photography and art performances, I will highlight the present strong generational differences in the perception of the work of art and in the perception of the new city’s image; a difference in the response to the trauma and to the loss of identity. alteration (most likely a traumatic change) while, in the other, to a decisive reaction with respect to a previous status.
Witnessing the results of these socio-political responses (proving more or less successful, depending on the cases), prompted me to try and look at the catastrophe as a generative event, able to crate new spatial conditions in the landscape and in the built environment. To examine this under a spatial, semantic and social point of view, I will focus my research on the case of Gibellina (Sicily) or, better to say, on the two cities of Gibellina: Gibellina la Nuova (new) and Gibellina la Vecchia (old).
In 1968 a massive seismic event destroyed the Belice Valley. Nuova Gibellina was raised twenty kilometers far from the original location of the old center as an answer to the earthquake and the trauma it produced. Here, an impressive amount of artistic and architectural interventions were carried out between the ‘70s and the early ’00s as part of a plan of cultural and identity re-birth. On the other hand, the history of the remains of the old center (Gibellina Vecchia) involve, as a key figure, the Italian artist Alberto Burri. Contrary to the reconstruction and relocation plan thought for Gibellina Nuova, Burri demanded to act in strict physical proximity with the place of the trauma. He confronted it by creating a visual repetition of the catastrophe, by making the traumatic experience perpetual and including the remains within its work with an action of reversed archeology; in other words, he created Il Grande Cretto di Gibellina.
The first part of the thesis will draw a critical historical excursus through the most significant phases of Gibellina’s process of destruction, re-location and reconstruction. The second part of the thesis will try to give a definition to Burri’s piece of art. This will allow a critical comparative analysis between the two, nearly opposite, responses to the catastrophe with their spatial, historic and social implications. In the last part of the thesis, through the analysis of recent documentaries, photography and art performances, I will highlight the present strong generational differences in the perception of the work of art and in the perception of the new city’s image; a difference in the response to the trauma and to the loss of identity.","AR2A011; Cretto di Burri; trauma; memory; identity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:154e703a-378c-401f-9b67-2cb4b68ecb2c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:154e703a-378c-401f-9b67-2cb4b68ecb2c","Being church in 2021: An architectural research of 21th century church typologies reconnecting to society","van de Kamp, Jan Bart (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Teunissen, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Research about church architecture in the past few centuries mainly focussed on reuse. In the past few years, the focus of a lot of church communities has shifted towards reconnecting with society. Architectural research about this topic in church context is still lacking. This is an opportunity for more research, since the physical built environment can highly influence the way of reconnecting is done. In this thesis, several topics are researched, including a reflection in chapter one on what the original biblical architecture of the christian story means for church architecture today. Chapter two shows how architecture and underlying values and intentions are interconnected. It also offers a historical framework to compare modern day design perspectives with the past and it shows how the focus in the current church has shifted more towards connecting with society. The last chapter examines several architectural church projects that try to reconnect with society in several ways. Architectural themes that influence this are evaluated, including a gradation in private and public, inviting outside space, flexibility, creating beauty, connecting 'normal' life aspects with 'religious' aspects, informality, creating room for silence and reflection, building highly sustainable and allow for both small and large scale gatherings. This research is not a comprehensive overview, but can be used as a starting point for more interaction and conversation between theologians, church communities and architects.","AR2A011; architecture; theology; reconnecting to society; church typology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5e8b0610-c17b-402c-99db-636fe4684ec9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5e8b0610-c17b-402c-99db-636fe4684ec9","Alkmaar Bagijnenstraat 2: Architect Prof. Ir. Piet Hendricus Tauber","Koppes, Ruben (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Bergeijk, H.D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In het stadscentrum van Alkmaar ten westen van de Grote Kerk staat het regiokantoor van de ABN AMRO aan de Bagijnenstraat 2. Het gebied rondom de Grote Kerk omvat het oudste gedeelte van het centrum van Alkmaar en is een locatie omringd door monumentale en kenmerkende architectuur. Het grijs-roze natuurstenen bankgebouw is het resultaat van een ingrijpende transformatie van het oude postkantoor. In 1960 ontwierp de Alkmaarse professor en architect Piet Hendricus Tauber het postkantoor en in 1994 maakte hij voor hetzelfde pand een nieuw ontwerp in opdracht van ABN AMRO. Tauber groeide op in twee generaties van architectuurstromingen met aan de ene kant de opkomst van de modernisten, die zich tegen de traditionele vormen en opvatting over de architectuur verzetten, en aan de andere kant de traditionele architectuur waar vakmanschap centraal staat. Tauber kreeg van kinds af aan het vakmanschap van het bouwen mee doordat hij opgroeide in een ambachtsfamilie, waarbij zijn vader meester metselaar en bouwopzichter was. Echter tijdens zijn opleiding in Delft maakte hij kennis met de modernistische architectuur en het streven naar vernieuwing. In veel van Tauber zijn latere werken stelde hij vakmanschap boven alles en was hij zowel traditioneel qua vormgeving als modern omdat hij hierbij geen beroep deed op historische vormen. Het doel van dit onderzoek is om het ontwerp voor het postkantoor en het bankgebouw van Tauber in zijn tijd en locatie te plaatsen. Hierbij wordt voortgebouwd op bestaande literatuur over de geschiedenis van Alkmaar en de bibliografie over Piet Tauber. In dit onderzoek zal aanvullend worden ingegaan op het ontwerp en ontwerpkeuzes voor het postkantoor en het bankgebouw. Met behulp van interviews met Frans Tauber en Robert Koppes is er extra informatie verzameld over de beide projecten. Frans Tauber is de zoon van Piet Tauber en de interieurarchitect van de transformatie tot het ABN AMRO kantoor. Robert Koppes was de projectleider bij Tauber Architecten voor de transformatie van het postkantoor tot het ABN AMRO kantoor. Later, in 2015, heeft Robert in opdracht van ABN AMRO met Koppes Bouwkunde het interieur heringericht en het gehele pand verduurzaamd (energie- en CO2-neutraal). Het onderzoek begint met de achtergrond van Piet Tauber en de achtergrond van zijn vader Hendricus Tauber en wordt vervolgd met onderzoek naar de jeugd en studietijd van Piet, de start van zijn eigen bedrijf ‘Tauber Architecten’ en zijn theorie ‘Bouwen naar opdracht’. Verder wordt ingegaan op de Alkmaarse geschiedenis, in het kort de stedelijke groei en ontwikkeling van vanaf de 10e eeuw. Daarna worden de verschillende plannen voor de herontwikkeling van de historische binnenstad in de 20e eeuw beschreven. Na het literatuuronderzoek wordt er dieper ingegaan op de ontwerpen van het postkantoor en het ABN AMRO kantoor.","AR2A011; Piet; Tauber; Alkmaar; Bagijnenstraat; ABN AMRO; PTT post","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.6328271, 4.7427559,17"
"uuid:39be832f-266e-45d3-88ab-eb3d9b1c12e6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39be832f-266e-45d3-88ab-eb3d9b1c12e6","Virtual X Water: A roadway to circular construction and demolition sector in South Holland","Beliavskaia, Daria (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hogerheijde, Jorg (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Moesker, Rosalie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Trabucco, Isabella (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Versteeg, Nando (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","To achieve a circular economy in South Holland by 2050, the construction and demolition sector must use resources efficiently, close materials loops and work with fewer emissions. Currently recycling building materials is already the approach. Yet, since this costs a lot of energy and results mostly in downcycling, it is not ideal as a long term solution to achieve a durable circular economy. Adding to this, is the space limitation within the continuous growth. The usage of the existing space and infrastructure has to be optimized. This research is answering what is the best strategy to close material loops in South Holland while reusing the existing water infrastructure, amplifying it with integrated (data) networks and improving socio-spatial justice with circular hubs. The research is being executed by analysing the most efficient waterways to use in the area, defining transformation locations according to a data-driven matrix and designing the most efficient circular hub network possible. The waterways will connect circular hubs on 3 scales, a regional processing hub, a city storage & purchase hub and a flexible last mile hub. Transporting materials and goods in between the circular hubs helps in reducing CO2 emission and it can substantiate traffic on the roads. This leads to less busy highways, safer city centres and efficient use of transport. All the logistic flows and used-material flows come together in the Virtual realm, where all used-material data is accessible and a twin-region is ensuring spatial justice. Therefore the concept of Virtual X Water is the answer to define the transition towards a circular economy in 2050.","regional planning; urbanism; Water urbanism; Data","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:a6daa0d2-b77c-4f84-97c8-b59ee6db1725","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6daa0d2-b77c-4f84-97c8-b59ee6db1725","A Rediscovery of the First-Generation Female Architects in Taiwan: Xiu Zelan and Wang Chiu-Hwa","Chang, Hsiu-Ju (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Hansen, B.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis intended to reveal the history of the first-generation female architects in Taiwan with feminist analysis, focusing on two architects from the postwar period, Xiu Zelan and Wang Chiu-Hwa. Through exploring their stories and works, the research aimed to retrieve the absent role models for female students in future generations.","AR2A011; Female; Architect; Taiwan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:a942b57c-a21b-4371-9e09-a705d5652ab7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a942b57c-a21b-4371-9e09-a705d5652ab7","Spit out and honoured: J.J.P. Oud's Shell building design and rejection","Ubbens, Lisa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Jacobus Johannes Pieter Oud was a Dutch architect who lived from 1890 till 1963. In 1917 he and six other well-known architects, started a magazine ´De Stijl´, a manifest for Dutch Modernism in art and architecture. Five years later, in 1922, Oud withdrew himself from De Stijl, but he continued to design according to the manifest of ‘De Stijl’. Examples are ‘Het Witte Dorp’ (1923) and ‘Café de Unie’ (1924). With the residential district ‘De Kiefhoek’ (1928), he gained national and international fame.
Oud always struggled with the style of Modernism. After a period of strictly designing modern buildings in the 1920s, he experimented with forms that did not relate to the Modern architectural bases. Before and during WWII II, from 1938 until 1942, he built the head office of Shell in The Hague. The building was completed in 1946. His design of this building was poorly received. Most of the Modern architectural critics had no sympathy for this ‘old fashioned’ way of designing. As a result, Oud’s name was removed from all the magazines and his articles were refused in other countries.
This thesis will investigate why the Shell building of J.J.P. Oud was generally rejected by critics. Through thorough investigation in literature and notes of Oud, regarding the design of the Shell building, the explanation of the frame of mind behind the design will be analysed. In addition to the first hand sources, also secondary resources, such as books and articles, will be explored. These secondary resources will give an explanation of the rejection of the critics towards the design of the Shell building.","J.J.P. Oud; de stijl; international style; head office Shell; Modern architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.09329030598516, 4.320584068027239"
"uuid:774e84b6-57e2-4e10-8ca1-b7349a1333cc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:774e84b6-57e2-4e10-8ca1-b7349a1333cc","Healthscapes: Meating in the middle","Inglezaki, Katerina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Bakker, Boris (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Petter, Lilly (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Elango, oviya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Erami, Yoran (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Katsikis, N. (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The future poses a major problem of feeding 9 billion people by 2050, while the current system of agriculture in itself is unsustainable and demands resources which exceed the planetary boundaries. Further continuing this trend of exploitation and destruction of ecology will only worsen the planetary stresses the Anthropocene has established. Hence emerges the urgent necessity to reorganize and reinvent our current food system towards a sustainable and circular one to sustain life on our planet. Accordingly, the primary goal of this project is to achieve sustainability in the food sector, thereby achieving circularity and food security. The Netherlands has an extraordinary position in the global market and is globally leading in agricultural research, technology and innovation. Therefore it could prove to be fruitful to develop a regional sustainable agricultural model that could become a role model for sustainable agriculture globally. The vision is to reduce the spatial impact of our food system while discontinuing the destruction of new habitats. To achieve this, a healthy diet must be embraced, which not only proves to significantly improve our health but also facilitate a transition towards a healthier planet. By evaluating the spatial, environmental and health impacts of the current model, the negative externalities at each stage of the food sector are investigated. The diversification of the crops to be grown within South Holland is crucial in order to facilitate the transition from a food exporter to a self-sufficient region with respect to the food sector. To encourage more sustainable food production and enhance the relationship between people and their food production, it is invaluable to invest more power in the producers. Finally, the various steps involved in the food systems and the gap between people and the source of their food are reduced by initiating big food retail corporations to focus on food production. Thus, the transformation of the food industry through the integration of a sustainable agriculture model and reshaping the public’s perception of food consumption and dietary needs, will ultimately create a more healthy and balanced landscape, while aiming towards the collective goal of mitigating climate change.","agrifood sector; self sufficiency; diet change; landuse; crop diversification; biodiversity; Planetary Boundaries; sustainable agriculture; lancet diet; South Holland","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:a3ea337c-38de-4ca8-a994-b7c243a8d31c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a3ea337c-38de-4ca8-a994-b7c243a8d31c","The Interchangeable Scale of Art and Architecture: The Frame of Hans Vredeman de Vries","Turgut, Dilara (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Since the beginning of humanity, art and architecture have had an inseparable relationship. They have always been interrelated subjects connected through many domains. This dissertation, however, aims to explore more profound than the surface that creates this interconnectivity. It focuses on turning this surface into a frame through which art and architecture can communicate, change their scales. That is to say, it engages itself with the Interchangeable Scale of Art and Architecture. The scale between these two disciplines shifted from time to time; architecture got shrunk into paintings, and the paintings got shrunk into architecture. The tension between the two worlds offered many possibilities and opened doors to discoveries. Dutch painter, architect, engineer, town planner, draughtsman, glass painter Hans Vredeman de Vries(1526-1609) mastered one of these discoveries, perspective, and invented his imaginary worlds with his pen and paper. He was a unique figure who contained many scales of and between art and architecture. By visiting antiquity and going through the frame of artworks, this paper investigates this playful dynamism between art and architecture in the world of Hans Vredeman de Vries.","AR2A011; art and architecture; Hans Vredeman de Vries; Scale Change; Dutch Renaissance; Frame of Art","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:b9ec73ac-cc7c-484e-b324-5e33cf77d8ad","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b9ec73ac-cc7c-484e-b324-5e33cf77d8ad","A touch of modernity through antique tissue: The Fundatie museum in the ancient centre of Zwolle","Shahoud, Basma (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The relationship between monument and modernity was always an uphill challenge, since the connection between those two elements has always been complicated. Therefore, this historical thesis will examine a very famous study-case '' The Fundatie museum''. In order to discover how the relationship between existing and new is tackled, and to investigate if this solution can succeed or not and to which extend can be valuable having this combination through a medieval city centre in Zwolle. To understand this relationship and examine the final result, the historical and political background will be studied. Because economic shifts had simultaneously affected the prosperity in the architectural and building sector but also the social and cultural value, which will lead to changes in the necessity for space, type, form and function.","AR2A011; Fundatie museum; zwolle; Hanze city; Neoclassicisme; palace of justice; modern","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:fba7a20e-b542-4aba-9804-f5bb4b9f9138","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fba7a20e-b542-4aba-9804-f5bb4b9f9138","The design of Great Hall of the People: building ""More, Faster, and Better""","Tao, Qiyang (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This history thesis tries to study the designing and building process of the Great Hall of the People, the place for the highest political meetings of the People’s Republic of China, also an important symbol of the 10th Anniversary of the National Day, and its relationship with the General Road for socialist construction (the main ideology in the early stage of the Second Five-Year Plan). It hopes to explore how this building could be influenced by the individual ideologies of the General Road as ""more, faster, better and cheaper"", to make an evaluation of these influences and their heritage.With the detailed memories of designers and officials involved, relevant architectural criticism and historical background, research methodology of literature review, and architectural analysis, this paper attempts to study the contemporary background of China’s domestic ideological practices and international environment, so as to achieve a clear understanding of the relationship between the Great Hall and ideology of the General Road.As the main argument, although it is a relatively successful project with a different ending from the Great Leap Forward in the latter part of the Second Five-Year Plan, the Great Hall still only meets the three requirements of the General Road. It fully embodies ""more"" and is an extreme case under the influence of ""faster"". It interacts with ""better"" but does not achieve ""cheaper"" eventually. The study of its relationship with ideology explains some puzzling aspects of the Great Hall and reveals the General Road as an idealistic but defective way at the same time.","AR2A011; the Great Hall; the General Road; Design principles; the Second Five-Year Plan; Ten Major Projects; Chinese Communist Party; Modernization drive; Ideology; Architectural design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","39.905000, 116.393900"
"uuid:6987aa38-9b95-4635-b6c7-d5828a0076cb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6987aa38-9b95-4635-b6c7-d5828a0076cb","Nature inclusive Agriculture: Re-activating the fringes in the province of South Holland","Helmerhorst, Daan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Delden, Jonah (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Meijer, Lisanne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The province of South Holland is one of the biggest drivers of the Dutcheconomy with almost a quarter of the gross national product earned in thisregion. The agrifood sector is the largest contributor with an annual turnover ofabout € 5.5 billion. About half of the surface of the province is dedicated to thissector, entailing many jobs and steering innovation worldwide. In line with theambitious target of the Dutch government the province aims to be fully circularin 2050. This means the agrifood sector is facing an enormous transition.However, the sector faces several major socio-spatial and environmentalchallenges. The current monoculture food landscapes contribute to 20% ofGHG emissions, consumes 67% of fresh water, and results in subsidence,salination and lack of biodiversity. Additionally, with the challenge to build230.000 houses and the space needed for energy transition and nature,the pressure on space increases. The distribution of these negativeexternalities results in socio-spatial inequality, placing a burden on mainlylower income communities, including a lower socio-economic positionfor farmers. Nature-inclusive agriculture has the potential to tackle theseissues as an overarching framework. How can the agrifood sector in theProvince of South Holland transition to a nature inclusive circular system?This project aims to have a 100% nature-inclusive agrifood sector in 2050.To reach this goal, this project starts by further investigating the currentlinear system and its environmental social and spatial issues. It can beconcluded that the socio-spatial challenges are most present in the fringeswithin the province. Hence, a regional vision and strategy are proposedthat transform the linear-manufacture-waste model into a circular andnature-inclusive agrifood sector, through re-activation of the fringes inthe province. The fringes offer a high potential for implementation of avariety of nature-inclusive and circular functions, that can be establishedthrough stakeholder engagement, co-creation and participation of localresidents. Part of the strategy are 3 fringe typologies, that can be expandedthroughout the region. As a result, the agrifood landscapes become morenature-inclusive and resilient, with a shorter and more just food chain, whilstsimultaneously providing equitable access to healthy and accessible food.This report is interesting for governance parties or businesses in theagrifood sector that aim to transition to a circular economy. It could alsobe valuable for knowledge or educational institutions related to agriculture,food, nature-inclusive or transition methods, and regional spatial planning.","Circular Economy; Nature Inclusive Agriculture; agrifood sector; socio-spatial justice; fringes","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:94501f90-2400-4151-8a91-0201d94738c0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94501f90-2400-4151-8a91-0201d94738c0","Architecture of universal truth?: The universal museum, expressed in the architecture of the Musée de Louvre and Louvre Abu Dhabi","Meng, Olivia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis discusses the Musée de Louvre and Louvre Abu Dhabi with regards to the concept of the universal museum, expressed through their architecture. The study of the historical context and architectural language has shown that these legitimize the Enlightenment ideology behind the universal museum. The universal museum of the Louvre was established as a tangible display of power to justify the collecting of objects of different times and cultures, including those acquired during imperial conquest. This is manifested within the architecture. Notably, the definition of the universal museum has changed in the 21st century from not only representing culture, to also attracting it. The establishment of the Louvre Abu Dhabi validates the globalization of French culture, as the United Arab Emirates uses a Western model in order construct its own identity to adhere to global standards. The thesis expresses concern on the insertion of this Western value system within the Middle East, and advocates in favor of the restitution of cultural objects. It is suggested that a new model of the universal museum may help shape a more local and authentic identity for places like Abu Dhabi.","AR2A011; universal museum; museum architecture; Musée de Louvre; Louvre Abu Dhabi; globalization; repatriation; culture; race","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","24.53369783906525, 54.398134117600094"
"uuid:58b38d1e-9b6b-4d2c-8243-211340418b9e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:58b38d1e-9b6b-4d2c-8243-211340418b9e","Polyvalent Space: Approach of polyvalence design theory applied in Centraal Beheer Office","Feng, Zhenduo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Es, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The aim of this thesis is to explore the application of Herman Hertzberger's core architectural theory ‘polyvalent space ‘in the actual design project. The design principle of ‘polyvalent space’ can be interpreted more thoroughly and reliably by studying the contents of his publications and analysing Centraal Beheer office Building. The first chapter refers to the theoretical elements shaping Hertzberger’s conception of ‘polyvalent space’ from four aspects: linguistic structuralism, architectural structuralism, the design theory of Aldo van Eyck and the Forum magazine. In the second chapter, the analysis of design proposals for the town halls of Valkenswaard and Amsterdam and Centraal Beheer company illustrates the formation of Centraal Beheer office building. The final chapter will focus on the analysis of Centraal Beheer office in terms of dynamic architectural functions, the fundamental structure of polyvalent space, the relationship between collective space and individual place, and inviting forms for users.","Polyvalence; Structuralism architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","Centraal Beheer office",""
"uuid:b0c9a015-1788-4799-b608-a2f2e70b3816","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b0c9a015-1788-4799-b608-a2f2e70b3816","The Soft Transition: Towards a circular construction & demolition sector in South-Holland","van Ommen, Isabel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); do Nascimento, Luiz (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Roberts, Matthew (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); NAMWANJE, PRISCILLA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Overveld, Robert (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Currently the Construction & Demolition (C&D) sector in South Holland produces 2.581.840 tons of waste every year, it is also responsible for 50% of raw material usage and 35% of CO2 emissions. This issue is aggravated when considering the 200.000 houses that still need to be built in the region in the upcoming decade, increasing the amount of waste and pollution produced, not only by the construction of new houses, but also by new infrastructure. The province government has multiple obligations to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions and so has committed to achieving an entirely circular economy by 2050.This report focuses on the Construction and Demolition sector and its implications on the province’s spatial structure, focusing on three key themes: housing, socio-spatial justice, and the C&D Sector.By using methods and practices found in Soft Planning theories, such as soft spaces, horizontal structure of stakeholders and open-ended proposals and design policies, the outcome of this research provides new perspectives on how to tackle social and spatial inequalities for the province of South Holland, whilst shaping the C&D Sector towards more sustainable, circular practices. The soft transition takes the existing initiatives within the construction sector into account and aims for utmost collaboration with all stakeholders. Particular attention is paid to low-income neighborhoods that bear the brunt of construction companies’ externalities and do not directly benefit from their proximity to educational institutions and job opportunities. Resultantly, a set of patterns is formulated in order to set the stage for co-creation and facilitate the collaboration of the different actors at the scale of province, city and neighborhood. The report further details how these patterns could be applied on a contextual basis, and explores these scenarios in two locations within the province; Binckhorst, in The Hague, and Dordrecht.","Circular construction & demolition sector; Housing; Socio-spatial justice; Soft planning; Circular jobs","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:4156de18-6ce4-41b8-a2d3-068589ac7804","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4156de18-6ce4-41b8-a2d3-068589ac7804","Local Food, Lower Footprint","Visser, Froukje (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Beek, Hidde (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); den Held, Lisanne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Groen, Dennis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wandl, Alex (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Newton, Caroline (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In recent years the need for action against climate change has severely grown. Action is needed now and circularity can help to make sectors more sustainable. The agri-food sector plays a big role in this, as we need three times the surface area of our country to support the needs of the inhabitants.The agri-food sector is putting too much pressure on space and resources and this pressure will only increase as the population continues to grow. However, by creating spaces that are used more efficiently this pressure can be reduced while also providing for a growing population.Decreasing the pressure of the agrifood sector on space and resources will lead to a drastically new South Holland in 2050. To achieve this new South Holland, research will be done on several aspects. First the current situation needs to be analysed. Furthermore, research is needed on possible interventions and the future implications of these interventions. After extensive research is done, a vision of 2050 can be formulated:By 2050, both the land and the sea are used in a space-efficient way, reducing the (carbon-) footprint of the province and providing more food for its own population. Buying and eating local food have encouraged people to become more aware of the process and where the food comes from. This has resulted in a shift in diet and the inefficient space for cattle farms is reduced.This conversion provides space for nature, housing and agriculture while also leaving room for the plans of the next generation. By reducing the meat and the dairy industry, space opens up for more nature and some small scale housing in the green heart. To replace the loss of dietary protein, the province makes a shift towards seaweed and aquaculture. More circularity is achieved through the use of “waste” streams of the harbour, horticulture, arable farming and the meat and dairy industry","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:4af4c91a-e9ba-48a6-b515-ad34b14e0191","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4af4c91a-e9ba-48a6-b515-ad34b14e0191","The phenomenon of Kaunas Interwar period architecture in 1919 - 1939: Tenty years of national survival","Rakauskaitė, Aiste Rakauskaite (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Ten new countries were formed after World War I in Europe. One of them – Lithuania – got independent from the Russian Empire in 1918. More than 100 years of occupation left deep scars in Lithuania’s history. A revival became both an opportunity and a significant challenge. Two years after Lithuania got independent, the capital Vilnius was occupied by Poland and the second-largest city Kaunas was announced as the provisional capital. This significant historical moment determined radical transformations of Kaunas city. Restoring the Lithuanian identity, especially without Vilnius, became one of the major priorities. Therefore, trying to create Lithuanians’ architectural style served as a tool for inspiring society and for showing the advanced progress of the newly reborn country to the rest of Europe. These modernist buildings of Kaunas were named as the Architecture of Optimism. The positive feeling about Lithuania’s future was prevailing at that period because the country has not seen such radical progress of living environment in ages. In just 20 years Kaunas from countryside looking area became a modern, competitive city: the centre of academic, economic and political life. The city’s number of residents increased from 92 to 155 thousand (Vaitekūnas, 2021). This situation strongly influenced the architectural and urban identity of the city. From newly built individual art deco style houses to an art museum – distinctive modernist architectural style reflected the search for national identity and the turn towards the West. Architecture students that were coming back from abroad to independent Lithuania affected these searches drastically. The mix of modern Western approach and traditional values influenced previously mentioned distinction of architecture.","AR2A011; Kaunas; Modernism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1e7cfce7-8b2e-448a-b386-de89c31e1e5b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1e7cfce7-8b2e-448a-b386-de89c31e1e5b","Urban World Heritage Management and Climate Change Preparedness: Understanding the Effect of Amsterdam’s Canal Ring District Heritage Site’s Management on the City’s Sustainability Development Plans","Ruiter Kanamori, Ricardo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis investigates the challeges of conserving the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Seventeenth Century Canal District of Amsterdam while attempting to become climate neutral by 2050. This thesis will start by explaining the background information necessary on the Seventeenth Century Canal District of Amsterdam’s cultural significance to become a WHS. Then, Amsterdam’s current management strategies towards conservation of the heritage site along with its sustainability development plans is investigated; consequently, exposing the discrepancy between the two ambitions in the case study. Later, though a literature-based research, a theoretical framework is created to assist in finding solutions for the conflicting aims of heritage preservation and environmental sustainability development. This is done using the Canal District of Amsterdam as the context for the discussion. Having the theoretical framework, this thesis concludes by providing practical recommendations to improve the energy efficiency of the district while maintaining the core values that make the site culturally significant.","AR2A011; UNESCO World Heritage Site; Sustainability; Conservation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:54f170c6-c838-46f2-8556-40a87112fd48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:54f170c6-c838-46f2-8556-40a87112fd48","From Grey to Green: case studies into the use of collective green spaces in Amsterdam built late 19th/early 20th century","Latour, Sophie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Geest, J.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Green spaces are of great relevance today as climate change and the current pandemic highlight the need for more nature in the urban realm. The environmental, psychological and economical benefits of green space in rapid urban densification is clearly evident and increasingly, green is (re)introduced in cities. Private, public or collective green spaces are also strong enablers for civic engagement. The focus of extant research has mainly been on public or private green spaces while collective green spaces seem less investigated. This thesis endeavours to join different disciplines connecting collective green spaces, linking these to spaces in Amsterdam built in the late 19th, early 20th century, and investigates if use has changed over the last century. Three characteristics were identified used for the analysis of collective green spaces: ownership, accessibility and sociability. The case studies investigated are: Vondelpark, Bellamyplein and Zaanhof. The analysis shows that ownership has indeed changed over the last century, but that accessibility and sociability remained relatively similar, within the historical boundaries and zeitgeist of the different periods. Ownership changed from private to public as maintenance could not be afforded anymore and municipalities controlled urban planning. Collective green spaces were designed to bring residents together, providing play areas for children and to enjoy nature individually or together; this is still very accurate 100 years later. While this research has made a small contribution to the research canon, further research could investigate additional characteristics and expand the number of collective green spaces in Amsterdam, the Netherlands or internationally.","AR2A011; Collective Spaces; Green Spaces; Amsterdam","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5d7b716e-e94b-4d4e-bc83-73e5b5560030","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5d7b716e-e94b-4d4e-bc83-73e5b5560030","Uniformiteit in Verscheidenheid: Een onderzoek naar architectonische waarden in de vierde nota","Landman, Michael (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Es, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Voor de MSc2 course AR2A011 wordt er een geschiedenisscriptie geschreven met betrekking tot een onderwerp naar keuze. Dit paper onderzoekt de architectonische waarden als gevolg van de Vierde Nota Ruimtelijke Ordening die in de periode van 1991 tot 2005 een onuitwisbare stempel op de Nederlandse architectuur en stedenbouw heeft gezet. Beginnend met de geschiedenis achter de ruimtelijke nota’s in Nederland wordt duidelijk gemaakt hoe beleid zijn weg in de Nederlandse architectuur heeft gevonden. Vervolgens worden de stedenbouwkundige en architectonische aspecten van het beleid onderzocht en wordt er vervolgens op verschillende schaalniveaus gekeken naar drie Vinex-locaties, om te concluderen dat de plaats, landschap en centraal gestuurde ontwerpvariatie een terugkomend aspect is.","AR2A011; Vinex; Urban planing; residential architecture; Policy","nl","student report","","","","","","All sources and graphical material are property of their respective owners, and were used for educational purposes only.","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:9b19df11-5df5-4042-abe2-a23f9d456f40","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b19df11-5df5-4042-abe2-a23f9d456f40","Refugee camp design and its performance according to structural, functional and form efficiency","PAPAEVANGELOU, ELENI (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Refugee camps’ design raises unique challenges. The populations that move to exile, are exposed, and often traumatized. The period of an emergency can not be defined most of the times, as well as the funds are likely to be deficient, and the design must also operate under constraints of both an institutional and pragmatic nature. This imposes the camp itself not to be permanent, and that both the materials that are being used for construction nor the morphology of the camp should display any aspirations for permanency. The purpose of my history thesis is to investigate some of the different types of large refugee camps built in Africa between 1964 and 2015, and focus on how they perform. The case studies comprise the Kyangwali camp, located in Southwest Uganda, which was established in 1964, the Kyaka II camp, located in Southwest Uganda, which was established in 1983, the Kakuma camp located in Kenya, which was established in 1991, and the Jewi camp located in Gambella, Ethiopia, which was established in 2015. The performance of the case studies will be based on the observations and work of Alex Tzonis in his book “Towards a non-oppressive environment”. This thesis will try to provide a typological analysis of the existing settlements and on the way these refugee camps are being designed and contracted. Also the way their design affects every day living in different camps of different decades.","AR2A011; performance; shelters; refugee camp","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:cc670fa2-834e-41a5-931a-a272f9a01a8c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cc670fa2-834e-41a5-931a-a272f9a01a8c","Potsdam between shifting ideologies: Selective deconstruction and reconstruction in two systems","Hormesch, Frederic (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The history of Germany in the 20th century was marked by the destruction of war, separation and reunification. This eventful past also ensured that this history was repeatedly revised by the German Democratic Republic (GDR) and the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) - true to the motto ""History is written by victors"". This revision can be an expression of rediscovered histories and newfound knowledge, but also has the potential to marginalise and ignore the unwelcome. Particularly in the initial phase of their existence, both states were highly selective in their respective historiographies, and symbolically significant buildings of the system's rival were partially erased. Other peculiarities result from the planning mechanisms that both forms of state applied, which can be discussed on the basis of the respective ideological standpoint. During the cold war, architecture became an important way to shape and express collective and national identities. As a result, the politics of the GDR, especially in the form of the Unity Party, Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (SED), intervened in many cases to express socialism also in architecture and urban planning, which resulted in an urbicide of identity-forming buildings of the political and ideological competitors were systematically removed from the cityscape. Similar actions, but with reversed prefixes, were taken by the Federal Republic of Germany, which reunited the formerly separated parts of east and west Germany in 1990. Since this reunification, measures taken by the GDR are being reversed, a process that is driven by private supporters who fund the revival of a lost homogeneity in the cityscape. Thus, on one hand, GDR architecture is gradually disappearing, while on the other hand, buildings from the pre-war period are often reconstructed in their place. A process that continues to this day, and gradually documents the rapid change of ideologies and the perception of history in successive political frameworks. The paper therefore examines the development of Potsdam in both successive German states and case studies of the Stadtschloss and Garnisonkirche on the basis of a literature study, as both buildings are reflecting the eventful history of Germany and the changing ideologies in the built environment as they have been razed during the period of the GDR and were reconstructed after the reunification.","AR2A011; Urbicide; Potsdam; Reconstruction","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.39886, 13.06566"
"uuid:ef8f0dc7-5c66-4f7d-8c58-e5f7822917fd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ef8f0dc7-5c66-4f7d-8c58-e5f7822917fd","DIN 18 024 & 18 025: The development of barrier-free building in 1970s Germany","Fischer, Lucca (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Schoonman, J.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","DIN 18 024 and 18 025, published in Germany in the 1970s, were among the first standards in Europe on the subject of accessibility in the built environment. The paper describes their historical context, reception and their effects on literature and practice.","barrier-free; universal design; standardisation; standards; norms","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:1cff9c0c-1795-4d0e-8b27-9da29e6fa0c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1cff9c0c-1795-4d0e-8b27-9da29e6fa0c5","From Memorial Space to Place of Public: Increasing spatial vitality of memorials in Europe after World War II","ZOU, KUNZHAO (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","After World War II, memorial architecture has changed from focusing on heroes and patriotism to mourning those who died in wars and disasters. Instead of only serving as reminders of pain or symbols of commemoration, in recent years some European memorials actually contribute to the liveliness of urban public space and find their new roles to assimilate into city life. In this case, it is necessary to redefine the role of memorials in contemporary times and explore new ways to integrate them into urban daily public life. This research aims to investigate how contemporary memorials can be actively integrated into the daily life of the public as inviting public spaces and support various activities to enhance spatial vitality and commemorative effects through the case studies of the Berlin Wall at Potsdamer Platz, the Memorial Bridge in Rijeka, and Princess Diana Memorial Fountain. The paper concludes with recommendations for design strategies to enhance the spatial vitality of contemporary memorials, which can potentially be helpful to the architectural memorial practice.","AR2A011; memorial; public space; spatial vitality; daily public life","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.509905, 13.376324"
"uuid:a2bc6ba1-692f-4f57-9b65-9e1205105c67","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a2bc6ba1-692f-4f57-9b65-9e1205105c67","Gerrit Rietveld 's shop designs in the Netherlands from 1922 to 1962","Nguyen, Binh Minh (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This essay investigates the shops as well as commercial buildings designed by Gerrit Rietveld in the Netherlands from 1922 to 1962, focusing on the relation between the interior and the exterior in each project. Gaining insight into his contribution to the history of shop designs. This research has been conducted through a combination of literature study, and the archive of Gerrit Rietveld in the Het Nieuwe Instituut in Rotterdam, and provides elaboration on themes as the designs of the shop front, the interior, and the connection between them. These themes are addressed through observation of the images, and drawings in the archive and other resources. The essay also provides a critical view for the role of those shops in history, and their influences on subsequent shop designs after that.
Through capacities of robustness, adaptability, and transformability a just transformation to the circular food economy can be ensured. The strategy Recipe for Resilience derives from this definition. Based on a network of a mix of three types of hubs, the strategy calls for a more widespread and integrated distribution of knowledge about food and the food system. These hubs are the Seeds, where knowledge and food produce germinates, the Melting Pot, common interacting ground for all actors, and the Mixers, the in-between spaces that are not transparent. Together, they supply a network facilitating producers, distributors, and consumers. Thanks to this high-functioning network of knowledge, the main goals of the strategy can be achieved.
During and after implementation, there will be high stakeholder engagement through all layers of society, local food cycles with feedback loops to distribution centers and farmers, and the knowledge about it will be widespread throughout the South Holland population. The constant exchange of expertise will ensure feedback loops throughout all layers of the knowledge production. Through this constant adaptation and transformation, a resilient system can be achieved.","Agri-food sector; Resilience; Knowledge; Actor involvement; circular systems","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:332a4b0d-f2b5-41dd-afb1-e2c41b51afa2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:332a4b0d-f2b5-41dd-afb1-e2c41b51afa2","The Rise of Barrier-free Architecture: An analysis of the architectural response to the evolution on of building codes and regulations following the Disability Rights Movement in the United States of America (1950s-1990s)","Lund, Alexia Marie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The building regulations that shape today’s standards of modern architecture have a remarkable historic background that may often be overlooked. What some young architects may perceive as guidelines that are constraining to the design process, are in fact the result of decades of activism for a more inclusive built environment. While architecture may not be often associated with the political realm, its crucial role in the fight for disability rights is undeniable. Following the chronology of the Disability Rights Movement, this thesis explores the key political, architectural, and academic events that played a part in the journey towards the 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act. In exploring and reiterating their direct correlation, this analysis will focus on understanding the architectural response to the Disability Rights Movement and its resulting impact in the American school system.","AR2A011; barrier-free; civil rights; architecture; American education","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:51d81c1b-f6e3-4284-ba5a-30a7780d3f2c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:51d81c1b-f6e3-4284-ba5a-30a7780d3f2c","An Investigation into the Development of the Spatial Concept of the In-Between Space in the Netherlands and Japan in the 20th Century","Vink, Femke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","class=""MsoNormal"">In-between spaces are the gradual transition spaces between two opposites; between inside and outside or public and private. This research will investigate the motives and implementation of the concept within Dutch and Japanese architecture, as it is widely used within architecture of these countries. Because the in-between space concept is perceived differently by architects, theories and works of two Dutch and two Japanese architects are investigated. The Dutch architects are Aldo van Eyck (1918-1999) and Herman Hertzberger (1932) and Japanese architects are Kisho Kurokawa (1934-2007) and Sou Fujimoto (1971). This research reveals that the in-between space concept emerged as a response to the modern movement in the Netherlands. Van Eyck and Hertzberger strived for more human centred architecture and therefore implemented in-between spaces in their buildings. Kurokawa and Fujimoto are both influenced by Japanese culture. The in-between space concept is traced back to the Buddhism origin of the country. Even though the motives of the architects of both countries are different, the implementation is similar. The Dutch architects emphasise the human relationship with each other slightly more, whereas the Japanese architects emphasise the relationship between humans and their environment more. The ambiguous character of an in-between space leaves room for interpretation, providing new perceptions and a different spatial experience. The in-between space is a space in it’s own right and therefore just as important as other spaces.","AR2A011; in between space; Japan; Netherlands; Aldo van Eyck; Herman Hertzberger; Kisho Kurokawa; Sou Fujimoto","en","student report","","","","","","","","2021-04-15","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:36bf2227-7d41-4e8e-a162-bcba86214dd6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:36bf2227-7d41-4e8e-a162-bcba86214dd6","City Complexity: Images of Hong Kong Culture and Space in Movies","Huang, Yu-Ching (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Jafari, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Hong Kong is full of complexities in its culture and space, showing in the movies. The clear imageability allows it presents itself through city structures, landmarks, and architectural objects in the city, playing a vital role for people to recognize and be impressed. In addition to the spatial aspect, the cultural complexities undoubtedly affect the daily life of Hong Kong people and further reflect on the living space, meaning the city. The relationship between culture and space is intimate, creating vivid and dynamic images of the city. As the city image changes rapidly today, the cinematic image provides a way to capture the dynamic and fluid cityscape. The “city complexity – cinematic image” discussion is significant in the thesis, emphasizing the relationship between the city and cinematic image and showing how the cinematic images picture Hong Kong’s complexities. To understand the images that Hong Kong presents, it introduces several movies and analyzes the images from them, from the 1990s, transitional Hong Kong to further projecting the future. The cinematic images give an observation of living in Hong Kong and frame a broad picture of Hong Kong city space and its culture, providing another way to research city space.","AR2A011; Hong Kong; Image; movie; complexity; Culture; Space","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:9409198e-cecf-4a5b-8e19-170d01c4b9e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9409198e-cecf-4a5b-8e19-170d01c4b9e7","Rediscovering the shopping centre: Historical analysis of the shopping centre typology and its succes in the Netherlands 1950 - 1975","van de Water, Bram (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The ‘shopping centre’ undergoes significant changes due to new social demands and requirements of people. Where large American shopping malls face a consumerist crisis, neighbourhood shopping centres are on the rise in the Netherlands. A combination of complex urban planning concepts, and key building characteristic such as the ‘human scale’, ‘accessibility’, and ‘integration’ into a coherrent environment generate the success of these places. This history thesis provides a framework where the ‘bad name’ of the shopping centre can be rediscovered. It begins with an in depth research on urban planning to provide a foundation for understanding the idea behind the shopping mall typology. Next, it will discuss the history of the American Shopping Mall, since the origin of the Dutch Shopping Centre can be traced back to this typology. After the historical analysis of the American Mall, a spatial analysis will be made to Tunderstand the building characteristics of these typologies. Ending with the history and success of the shopping centre in the Netherlands.","AR2A011; Shopping mall; Shopping centre; Human scale; Accessibility; Integration","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3cb77a72-04c4-4d3e-8dea-b613664dd00d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3cb77a72-04c4-4d3e-8dea-b613664dd00d","De Steeg: een onderzoek naar de geschiedenis en toekomst van Amsterdamse stegen","van der Scheer, Zwaan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Stegen hebben voor lange tijd een negatief imago gehad, dit is nu echter aan het veranderen. In deze scriptie zal onderzoek gedaan worden naar wat de invloed van stegen op de leefomgeving van steden is geweest en hoe deze zich zal ontwikkelen. Hoe stegen in Amsterdam zijn ontstaan verschilt per steeg, maar vooral per periode. De eerste stegen waren paden omhoog langs de dijken naar de Amstel. Later ontstonden stegen vooral als dwarswegen op de grote wegen voor een betere ontsluiting. Toen de grachtengordel werd gebouwd, was het bouwen van stegen verboden, maar bij de aanleg van de Jordaan hielden de bewoners zich daar niet meer aan. Stegen werden steeds meer verwaarloosd en aan het eind van de 20e eeuw werden stegen in Amsterdam hierom dichtgezet. De steeg heeft over het algemeen geen positief imago gehad, maar er zijn veel ontwikkelingen op het gebied van de verbetering van stegen. Wereldwijd worden boeken en wetenschappelijke artikelen geschreven over de potentie van stegen. Er wordt onderzoek gedaan naar hoe de steeg optimaal benut kan worden zodat deze een positieve invloed kunnen hebben op de leefomgeving van de stad en de kansen die stegen een stad kunnen bieden worden steeds meer erkent.","AR2A011; Alley; Steeg; Amsterdam; Leefomgeving","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:fa632465-28bd-40f8-8ebb-a3790e48b782","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fa632465-28bd-40f8-8ebb-a3790e48b782","Tiny Houses: A History Thesis on the Tiny House Movement","Groeninx van Zoelen, Annekee (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","With a shortage of over 300,000 homes, which will be even more in the coming years, the Netherlands has a social problem that needs to be solved (NOS, 2021; Bremmer & ten Teije, 2020). The Netherlands also needs to take more progressive measures in the field of sustainability in order to meet its goals. The relatively young concept of ""tiny house"" offers solutions for this (Obbink, 2020; Shearer & Burton, 2019; The International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, 2013). However, because it does not yet have global recognition and the tiny house movement is still very young, there is a need to first understand what a tiny house entails, where this movement comes from, and what the reasons are for people to switch to this lifestyle. With the answers to these questions, a more concrete look at the Netherlands will be undertaken. Literature research will be conducted and existing research based on surveys with tiny house enthusiasts will be used to provide answers to the above. This thesis contributes to the interdisciplinary literature on this topic. With the outcome that tiny houses can offer solutions to the housing shortage in the Netherlands and in the field of environmental sustainability, it is recommended to conduct deeper research in the future to get an even better grasp on what ways tiny houses can contribute to this.","AR2A011; Tiny House; Movement; Contemporary Lifestyle","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:31fd0227-13ad-41c0-b0d0-00bbf08f05e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:31fd0227-13ad-41c0-b0d0-00bbf08f05e4","DownScale-Up!: Downscaling global agri-food flows with an upscaled regional system","Luesink, Amber (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hugenholtz, Henriette (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Kruif, Rosa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Chou, yuru (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Qu, L. (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The Netherlands exported in 2017 for 91,7 billion euros and exported for even more: 62,6 billion euros(CBS, 2018). This shows the big agri-food fl ows in which the Netherlands is involved. Sadly, these global fl ows have a big impact on economic, social and environmental sustainability worldwide. For example, transport causes many emissions, there is an unfair economic system that keeps farmers trappedand there is a lot of environmental damage. This is a situation that needs to change, but the Netherlands is also very dependent on the economy that the worldwide trade brings. This shows the problemthat South Holland is dealing with: The Netherlands is too much economic dependent on its agri-foodimport and export fl ows and is thereby causing economic, social and environmental sustainability challenges.This report proposes to DownScale international agri-food fl ows and Scale-Up a regional food system.The import and export fl ows are limited to only the European Union while food hubs and knowledgenetworks contribute to a system in which local food consumption and participation are important values. Waste, water and CO2 systems contribute to a circular approach of these DownScaled fl ows andthe production of seaweed helps to change the diet which is necessary to make a DownScaled systempossible. The report is supported by a sustainability triangle resulting from the nested sustainabilitymodel, the R-ladder of sustainability and the X-curve for a sustainable transition. A toolkit of interventions is designed as a strategy to achieve the vision goals. With DownScale-Up a new circular economywith DownScaled international fl ows and a Scaled-Up regional food system, is created by 2050. CBS (2018), De Nederlandse Landbouwexport, retrieved in March 2021, from https://edepot.wur.nl/434974#:~:text=%E2%80%94%20De%20export%20van%20landbouwgoederen1)%20wordt,1%20miljard%20euro%20in%202017","Agri-food; Circular economy; Global flows; Regional Food System; Participation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:98781d52-7645-4c9f-bf04-6b6880665eb3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98781d52-7645-4c9f-bf04-6b6880665eb3","Summer Houses In The Netherlands Between 1930-1940","van Asselt, Noah (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","With the significant industrial and economic growth of the beginning of the twentieth century life was busy and of fast pace. Every now and then citizens wanted to escape from reality. Spending time in nature became popular and eventually the trend of outdoor-living emerged. After having been outside for a while people were able to return to their hectic city-life again. Outdoor recreation and camping laid the ground of what is now known as the weekend-, summer- or holiday house. The ones who could afford it let their own private summerhouse be designed in order to get regenerated by nature. Two main contrasting design approaches for summer houses were noticeable in the Netherlands between 1930-1940; romantic-picturesque and hygienic-sporting. The following question is researched: How did the two prominent ways of designing summer houses fulfil their originally intended function in the Netherlands between 1930-1940? Literary review on the emergence and development of the summer houses and their synonyms served as a background for the later discussed case studies. A series of case studies is included in a catalogue that is attached in the appendix. It was determined that the romantic-picturesque approach was most commonly used. It was characterised by proper integration in the environment and a focus on the exterior rather than the interior. The summerhouse was used after having spent time in nature all day. Therefore, protection against nature was provided by making little interruptions in the exterior and therefore giving it a closed character. The hygienic-sporting approach was characterized by the blurring of the building’s borders, letting interior overflow into exterior and therefore literally meeting the outdoor-living demands. Huge openable curtain walls made the garden an extension of the living room and lured people to do sports and play games outside. The focus was rather on the functionality than the aesthetic value. The research elaborates on the two main design approaches but does not deny the existing of in-between approaches as well.","AR2A011; summer houses; weekend houses; holiday residences; outdoor-living; romantic-picturesque; hygienic-sporting; the Netherlands; 1930s","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:caf8047f-4e1a-4ff8-abe1-dbed29d88fb5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:caf8047f-4e1a-4ff8-abe1-dbed29d88fb5","Docile Bodies: Romanian Communist domesticities and Socialist Women in Berceni (1977-1989)","Vasilache, Ana (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The research proposes a dialectical re-reading of the Romanian Communist housing as a gendered control mechanism. Therefore, the thesis concentrates on Berceni neighbourhood between 1977 and 1989 as a case study for a larger urban phenomenon under the late Romanian Communist Regime (1965-1989). In this context, the research juxtaposes the Marxist ideologies on women's emancipation (proliferated throughout the Eastern Block) with the experiences of female inhabitants in Berceni. This contextualisation is crucial, given that response to women's issues was state-enforced and disseminated top-down. In aiding with a broader political and economic agenda, state policy dictated that women should be liberated from home duties (the private sphere) and be transposed into productive members of the society (the public sphere). Given that decision making was assigned to a predominantly male political elite, the state disregarded the family resources necessary to fulfil tasks historically associated with womanhood. Therefore, Socialist Women became just as tied to domesticity as their predecessors. What changed was that they were now forcefully assigned a dual character: an aseptic asexual public persona of state worker along the already existing sexualised domestic one. In understanding the link between women and domesticity, the research confronts the implications of state propaganda on the Lived Experience identified in the stories of some of the women inhabitants of 1977-89 Berceni. Among other points, the paper highlights women's isolation, over-working and distrust as some of the aftermaths of this clash between ideology and context.","AR2A011; Propaganda; Communist architecture; Gender; Berceni; Housing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","44.389122, 26.115875"
"uuid:c5e744d0-3cd0-4c43-a415-7ca68b411e66","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5e744d0-3cd0-4c43-a415-7ca68b411e66","The use of green in the redevelopment of industrial areas in Bilbao and Antwerp","de Gouw, Tjeu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Geest, J.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The Guggenheim museum in Bilbao had an important influence on the economical growth of the city and the redevelopment of a industrial area in the city, referred to as the Bilbao Effect. Later, other cities tried a similar approach in the redevelopment of city areas, of which the redevelopment of het Eilandje in Antwerp is an example.In literature the definitions provided for the term Bilbao effect often focus on the Guggenheim museum, its aesthetics and influence of the building. However, the museum was part of a larger masterplan to redevelop Bilbao after a industrial decline. This thesis will elaborate on the masterplans used to redevelop the industrial areas in both Bilbao and Antwerp. While these redevelopments handle former industrial areas with little green, the focus will be on the implementation of greenery in the masterplans and the contribution to the redevelopment. Both primary and secondary sources are used to research this topic. The primary research consists of an interview with Filip Smits, who has been involved in the redevelopment for het Eilandje in Antwerp. The secondary research consists of literature research on the history, masterplans, green structure plans and key elements of the redevelopment in Bilbao and Antwerp.","AR2A011; Bilbao Effect; Antwerp; Green; Industrial Areas; Redevelopment","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:c3ea22f6-7b3e-4cdc-9194-645882c5861c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c3ea22f6-7b3e-4cdc-9194-645882c5861c","How did Japanese colonial buildings in Taiwan manifest Japan's intention to change Taiwanese identity?","Yang, Wan-Yu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Lee, Rachel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Architectures were used as a crucial tool to change Taiwanese self-identity during the Japanese rule of Taiwan because architecture is closely related to people's lives. Although Japan is not the most prolonged colonial regime in Taiwan's history, there are still many traces of Japan left in life in Taiwan nowadays. Because the Japanese set the colonial blueprint more comprehensively on the entire Taiwan. Therefore, for different purposes, the types of buildings are diverse, and the scale of construction covers everything from urban planning to building material specifications. In this thesis, I will mainly study Japanese-style houses in Taiwan, which have accelerated the change of Taiwanese self-identity to a certain extent.","AR2A011; Colonial Architecture; Taiwan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f6628715-09d0-4dc6-a495-96cd09258f7b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f6628715-09d0-4dc6-a495-96cd09258f7b","The Relationship between Christo’s Artworks","Omastka, Agnieszka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The dissertation The Relationship between Christo’s Artworks investigates and discusses the couple Christo and Jeanne-Claude’s artistic work, who created large-scale projects that use their existing surroundings — architectural or natural. The thesis begins by examining the historical context, which briefly explains the project’s essential aspects and provides revlevant information about them. The selected and representative works are then subjected to a visual analysis that allows for a better understanding of the projects from an artistic perspective, highlighting aspects such as the relationship with the environment.
The work then shows the artists’ approach to the art they created. This passage allows for a better understanding of the works created and the reason / no reason for their existence. As a result of the analysis and extensive research, conclusions have been formulated.","Christo; Jeanne-Claude; artwork; architecture; landscape; art installation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:4f1a7c11-bfb8-4da8-9630-bdab018cc30b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4f1a7c11-bfb8-4da8-9630-bdab018cc30b","The Importance of a Safe Construction in the Fight Against Terrorism: A historical analysis of buildings subjected to terrorist attacks and the changes in structural and safety design","van den Berg, Bram (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Terrorism is something the United States of America has had to deal with since 1789. Near the end of the 20th century such attacks had become more frequent and devastating with the most casualties caused by a single individual with the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995. This has led to a nationwide uncertainty if more buildings were at risk to be damaged and how could this be prevented in the future. This thesis will analyze what changes are made in designing after a terrorist attack to determine how we approach structural and safety design differently. For this analysis The World Trade Center bombing (1993), The Oklahoma City bombing (1995) and The September 11 attacks (2001) will be discussed. In all 3 cases most changes were made in order to either improve structures to isolate damage at the location of the blast or to improve the safety of people in the building at the moment of an attack or during the evacuation.","terrorism; Architectcture; Structure; Safety; USA","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:f51d1540-0a31-4847-8001-e992d0ae8ea4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f51d1540-0a31-4847-8001-e992d0ae8ea4","Supermetabolism: The influence of Metabolism on the 20th century Superdutch","Spoon, Scott (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In this thesis we study the influence Metabolism had on Superdutch and its architects. After analysing the two movements we learn that Superdutch is more diverse than expected, and is not specifically a movement, but more so a group of different architects with different beliefs that are labelled as a group. The two movements did however have a lot in common in the way they were created and the beliefs they had. Both consist of a group of younger architects that try to tackle problems in their countries like the lack of space and the stagnation of architecture. After this we came to the conclusion that Metabolism did not specifically have any influence on Superdutch but more so on the individual architects within this group. Take MVRDV for example, this architectural firm has a lot of overlap with Metabolism in its beliefs and standpoints, and their architecture therefore also tries to tackle some of the same problems. This overlap can also be seen in their architecture, which often has a lot in common with Metabolist architecture. But not all Superdutch architects have taken this inspiration and influence from Metabolism.","AR2A011; Superdutch; Metabolism","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:9fa21286-3daf-4974-87c9-7fca05a0c25e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9fa21286-3daf-4974-87c9-7fca05a0c25e","Architectuur van het montessorionderwijs: Onderzoek naar de relatie tussen de ideologie van het montessorionderwijs en de architectuur van basisscholen","Huisman, Chris (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Het montessorionderwijs is een onderwijssoort met een pedagogische grondslag. In dit onderzoek staat de volgende vraag centraal: in hoeverre is de ideologie van het montessorionderwijs vertegenwoordigd in de architectuur van basisscholen in Nederland? Met behulp van literatuur is uiteengezet wat de ideologie van het montessorionderwijs inhoudt en hoe dit zich uit in de scholenbouw. Kernwaarden voor deze onderwijssoort bleken het centraal stellen van het kind, het stimuleren van zelfontplooiing en het faciliteren in zelfstandig onderzoek doen en samenwerken. Vervolgens zijn drie case-studies met behulp van materiaal uit archieven geanalyseerd om de architectonische kenmerken van die drie voorbeelden te vergelijken met de literatuur. Hieruit is gebleken dat de invloed van de ideologie van het montessorionderwijs op de architectuur van de basisscholen zich veelal beperkt tot het interieur. Hiervoor kan echter geconcludeerd worden dat er een vijftal aspecten is die in elke montessoribasisschool in meer of mindere mate vertegenwoordigd zijn. Ten eerste zijn open leslokalen met veel licht belangrijk. Daarnaast heeft een montessoribasisschool nisjes en afgezonderde hoeken nodig waarin leerlingen zich terug kunnen trekken. Het interieur heeft tevens een flexibele opzet en maten in het ontwerp zijn afgestemd op de verhoudingen van het kind. Tenslotte is er een focus op bewegen en de natuur door de toevoeging van een schooltuin en een gymlokaal.","AR2A011; montessori; onderwijs; architectonische kenmerken; basisschool; ideologie; Nederland","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5bb0df2d-d477-4303-a4f4-41c43468630c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5bb0df2d-d477-4303-a4f4-41c43468630c","The ideals of the renaissance in urban planning: An analysis of three centers of the renaissance","Schutten, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","With the Renaissance a new way of thinking emerged that would heavily impact the built environment. Artists started envisioning their ideal cities as ordered and geometrically perfect entities and in urban planning projects more attention was paid to the human experience. Although the cities of Ferrara, Mantua and Sabbioneta are all revered for their Renaissance town planning, the way that the Renaissance has manifested itself in these cities is quite different. The Addizione Erculea of Ferrara does not resemble the typical Renaissance addition as it has a quite irregular layout. However, it is the Humanistic approach to urban development with which the addition was designed that makes Ferrara a true Renaissance city. Also, the urban structures of Mantua don’t immediately reveal why the city is so revered for its Renaissance town planning as both the outlines and layout of the city are mostly irregular. For Mantua, it is the way that the ruling Gonzaga family displayed their power that is typical for the Renaissance: they were constantly developing Mantua, as they felt that their own magnificence would be reflected through their city and they created an environment of architects, artists and artisans that established a new artistic language there. Finally, the urban fabric of Sabbioneta is the most literal manifestation of the ideal city of the Renaissance. The entire design of the city is heavily influenced by classical Roman town planning practices and, although the outline of the city and the grid layout seem to be irregular, they are deliberately planned this way through complex calculations.","AR2A011; Renaissance; Urban Development; Ferrara; Mantua; Sabbioneta","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:61a3d06c-79b0-43bd-8e4d-3e6efe445e81","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:61a3d06c-79b0-43bd-8e4d-3e6efe445e81","Suzhou Classical Gardens: The content, value and protection process of Suzhou Classical Gardens","LAI, YI-CHEN (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This historic thesis is about the content, value and protection of Suzhou Classical Gardens. The author finds a clue that implies a historical timeline in these three aspects, and provides readers with an opportunity to have a more comprehensive understanding of Suzhou Classical Gardens. And this clue is based on the three different subjects: the creator, the interpreter and the protector of the garden as the starting point. The author elaborated on their relationship with the garden in different chapters.","AR2A011; Suzhou Classical Gardens; UNESCO World Heritage","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:3954c145-44ba-49b1-ab71-391b7d9e72c2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3954c145-44ba-49b1-ab71-391b7d9e72c2","Foreign investors improving the urban quality: The relation between urban planning and the establishment of multinational companies in Singapore 1965 - 2010","Broersen, Bart (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Jafari, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Singapore is a city-state that experienced very rapid urban and economic growth during the second half of the 20th century. This is the result of the establishment of multinational companies (MNCs) within Singapore, due to the right policymaking by the Singapore government. Various studies have been done on Singapore’s economic growth and urban development. However, the literature that looks at the relation between these topics is limited. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to find out how urban design and the establishment of MNC’s are interconnected. The research is conducted through existing literature reviews on interest factors that are important for MNC’s decision-making. These factors are linked to urban design aspects that are integrated within Singapore’s city structure. Aspects that will be taken into consideration are infrastructure and green spaces. Next, the impact of MNC establishment on the urban design aspects of Singapore’s CBD will be analysed through the use of primary sources. The main findings are that the quality of urban design is of insignificant importance for the establishment of MNCs in the early development stages. Urban design influence for future investment decisions remains unclear. However, the investments from MNCs were a major factor that shaped the CBD’s urban design into what it is today.","AR2A011; Singapore; Urban design; Multinationals; Quality of life; CBD","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","1.2801,103.8509"
"uuid:98cfc779-0333-4221-911f-15c04ee7e703","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98cfc779-0333-4221-911f-15c04ee7e703","A Typical Lyceum Library: A historical analysis of school libraries inside lyceums in Amsterdam between 1900 and 2015","van Weerdenburg, Mike (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Since 2012 the reading level of students in the Netherlands is dropping. The blame is mostly put on the increasing digitalisation of the world. This research tries to help battle this decrease, by analysing how libraries in lyceums in the Netherlands looked before the digitalisation. This will be done by looking at 5 different case studies in Amsterdam, with their building build between 1900 and 2015. The research will try to formulate a typical library inside a lyceum based on the functionality and other characteristics. The author found out that the libraries started off as mainly a place to store books and having a closed off character. This evolved to larger libraries that would be more open to the other parts of the school. Architecturally, the libraries were not very different from the rest of the school. Therefore, they always look like a function like any other inside a school, while they have different requirements. ","AR2A011; lyceums; school libraries; school buildings","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.3428812521378, 4.865893779419689"
"uuid:39f3c3a7-c55e-4151-bc29-d3c245672af9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39f3c3a7-c55e-4151-bc29-d3c245672af9","Building Site Photography: 1890-1920","Streng, Jolien (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Baeten, J.A.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis reviews photographs of Dutch building sites between 1890 and 1920. A catalogue of photographs from building sites from the archive of Het Nieuwe Instituut is compiled, in order to see what role photography played for its commissioners. Commissions were made by architects and contractors to document their work. The photographs were used for documentation and publication, but also during the design process. The professional photographers who took them would not have a consistent working relationship with one commissioner. While the technology of photography would have led to new formal conventions, the photographs also have similarities to the traditional arts (i.e. painting, drawing). Some photographs, however, lack refinement in framing, composition and contrast. The most important reasons for this were photographers’ focus on documentation over aesthetics, their inexperience with the working conditions on the building site, and the developing technology of the camera. Iconographic research revealed how the photographs were used to represent change and innovation at the scale of the city, but also for materials and tools. Additionally, they display the hierarchical relationships between the labourers, architects and contractors.","AR2A011; Construction; Photography; Het Nieuwe Instituut; Building site; History; 19th century; 20th century","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:bc22e02a-2fa8-4c89-9244-226612f2900a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc22e02a-2fa8-4c89-9244-226612f2900a","Coming to peace with the architecture of the past: The case of Czechoslovakia","Slezák, Samuel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Czechoslovak architecture built in the Communist period, which lasted from 1948 until 1989 holds a negative image in the eyes of the public (Národní Galerie Praha, 2020). Architecture built during the communist regime is frequently criticized for its strong political and ideological background. Moreover, many of these structures are being neglected which further increases their general disfavour. However, this paradigm has started to shift. This is the case, especially amongst the post-communist generation who seems to enjoy this architecture more for its aesthetics and function and they can disconnect this architecture from the regime it was built in (Hatherley, 2015).A more professional audience argues that these buildings are the heritage of the past which should not be seen only in the light of the period when they were built (Národní Galerie Praha, 2020). Many of these structures are deeply functional while maintaining a unique and high aesthetic quality which is often so rare in the region. It is often assumed that the architects who designed these buildings had to collaborate or affiliate with the regime of that time. Yet, almost always the opposite is true (Vladimír Brož, 2019). One of the obvious proofs of this is that many of these architects were removed from their position and any public appearances after they condemned the invasion of the Warsaw pact in 1969. Second, architecture in Czechoslovakia was much more closely associated with art at the time than it is now. As a result, its position in reflecting on the current state of society may have been more significant during Communism, when freedom of expression was more restricted than it is now.An example of these aspects of the former architecture is a building of the Federal Assembly, nowadays known as the New National Museum designed by Karel Prager. The building was built as an extension of an older building that served the stock exchange. Its new function was a Federal Assembly, a parliament. Yet, it only ever held a formal function because it was finished after the invasion of 1968 thus in the period of Normalisation when the ‘power’ was no longer in the hand of Czechoslovakia but rather in the USSR’s.The original purpose of the building was to represent a new, more progressive ruling of the communist party and the architecture should have been the way to communicate this message. However, this never happened because of Normalisation. After 1969, the trust in the communist party fell massively and its physical representation in the form of architecture followed suit. This caused the buildings to become hated objects, despite their design never intending to represent anything closely related to what was happening in the post-invasion period. This hatred still remains in both the Czech Republic and Slovakia who are failing to embrace their past. Yet, the younger generation perceives this architecture more objectively. This fact gives these buildings hope that their future might be still bright.","AR2A011; Czechoslovakia; Architecture 58-89; Communist architecture; Karel Prager; Federal Assembly","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:9e58a6b2-8a18-4c27-b677-ce4b448e3d6f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9e58a6b2-8a18-4c27-b677-ce4b448e3d6f","A typological analysis of temporary medical structures before and during the Covid-19 pandemic: How can design help us to deal with situations of crisis and emergency?","Grünewald, David (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Teunissen, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In situations of crisis, regular hospitals often do not longer suffice the high demand for medical care. In this case, temporary medical structures become indispensable. The Covid 19 pandemic brought to the fore architectural challenges such as the spatial reorganization of healthcare facilities for high occupancy levels, the issue of infection control, the integration of new technologies, and the flexible and sustainable use of space. As a result, planners were urged to think about flexible and adaptable structures that were efficient in terms of materials, time, effort, and cost. This resulted in innovative solutions from which we can learn for future crisis and emergency situations.
The goal of this thesis is to create a ""catalogue"" of design strategies within the typology of temporary medical structures that can be applied to future projects during the Covid 19 pandemic but can also be applied to other scenarios where requirements overlap. Therefore, temporary medical structures before and during the Covid 19 pandemic will be embedded in their broader context and examined according to specific parameters. These parameters revolve around hygiene, psychological aspects, program, technology, and the architectural context. The analysis of the case studies is based on publications, articles, statements, and interviews with healthcare professionals. In this way, the reader is provided with an in-depth overview of strategies that can be implemented in temporary medical structures to solve challenges posed by crisis and emergency situations.","AR2A011; Covid-19 pandemic; Temporary medical structures; Medical architecture; Healthcare architecture; temporary architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:95a96a98-3ec6-4857-b1d3-48089b326c4d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:95a96a98-3ec6-4857-b1d3-48089b326c4d","Liv/fe Transition: to a healthy agriculture sector with livestock as an integral part of life","de Jong, Jannine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jansen op de Haar, Carmen (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Shapiro, Ohad (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wang, Jiaqi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Corbeek, Max (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","By 2050, South-Holland will transform into a transition based urbanity with value change at its core. Currently, consumers are disconnected from where their food is produced, leading to a high environmental impact, unhealthy choices and social injustice to the farmers’ work. The proposed strategy of change for the region would see South Holland shift away from being an export based business of livestock farming, lowering and limiting production to local needs, while changing the attitude of farming, and reshaping it as a spatial part of everyday life, freely accessible to the region’s citizens. In order to do that a strategy of transitions is chosen, recognizing three core spatial movements based on the three pillars of sustainability; diet transition, attitude transition and technical transition. Diet Transition - changes in food consumption would also affect the spatial landscape upon which food is produced. Attitude Transition - raising awareness toward how meat and dairy is produced would affect the cities where consumption takes place and how the different actors are treated. Technical Transition - would help change the Dutch industrial sites from an exporter of goods to an exporter of knowledge while supplying it with clean energy, creating a better South Holland while benefiting other countries. In the vision, it is recognized that these movements have spatial manifestations in the form of rings, with their points of overlap being ideal to the beginning of change, as they are where new sustainable relations would be most meaningful. These zones are where the transition of attitude, diet and technology will happen for the circular agriculture in South-Holland. A toolkit of 21 typologies is created with a focus on these transitions while keeping a pleasant environment. The new vision will lead to a circular economy in the livestock sector of South-Holland with sustainable relations between producers and consumers.","circular economy; South-Holland; agrifood sector; Stakeholder participation; value change","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:e8699b55-cef1-4dab-89da-a7c5f23d7a11","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e8699b55-cef1-4dab-89da-a7c5f23d7a11","The Architecture of the Border: An investigation of the trinational metropolis of Basel","de Vries, Diederik (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Schwake, G. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The present paper investigates the architectural meaning and importance of borders in the context of increased European cooperation. The question is investigated through the case study of the trinational border area in the metropolitan region of Basel, where Switzerland, Germany and France meet. The central theme propelling the discussion is the question of how the idea of the border has changed through history in the three countries and how this has affected the architecture of the study area. The research provides an insight into how the abstract ideas of borders and nations are translated into urban form.Over the course of history, the Basel region has seen many different systems of territorial division. The physical lines can be traced back to the roman era, but the widely accepted meaning of the border has varied greatly over the centuries. The border has produced different kinds of architecture depending on the way that it was interpreted by different people in different eras. The early history of the Basel region shows that many different border demarcations could have been the outcome of antiquity and the middle ages. It was only when the border line was widely accepted as a part of everyday life, through the increasing influence of monarchies and later on, the nation states, that the border gained in power as a primary urban element in Basel. This strong position was maintained by historiographical constructions that legitimized the location and importance of the border and made the border generally accepted by the public. This new kind of border initially produced military architecture and pushed away urban centres. When capitalism and industrialization gradually took over from the feudal monarchies, a second type of architecture started to emerge. A dense industrial strip following the border was a consequence of the transition of legal apparatuses that takes place here. Following the world wars, the image of the Rhineland underwent a drastic change in the EU countries, promoting the idea of European unity. In combination with the post war economic prosperity, the deconstruction of the European borders has led to the discovery of vacant land in the middle of the Basel metropolis. The discovery of the possibilities that transnational cooperation gives has laid the foundation for a new ambition: a common international neighbourhood.","AR2A011; borders; Basel","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","47.589816, 7.589012"
"uuid:449c5488-5ff0-4d89-b908-02b045829a19","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:449c5488-5ff0-4d89-b908-02b045829a19","SESCeffect: The city should be for everyone","Romieri, Vittorio (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","“The city should be for everyone”. According to Paulo Mendes da Rocha, “the city has to address the issues of coexistence, inclusion and the transformation of its own fabric”. This is the “battle” the Brazilian institution SESC is facing from its birth in 1946. As a non-profit private institution kept by trade businessmen, SESC primary aim is the welfare of workers and their family. However, the institution is also open to the general community. It was created with the purpose of providing to the society education, health, leisure, cultural and medical facilities. This approach to an inclusive architecture is reflected in the units that SESC has built across Sao Paulo; most famously the SESC 24 de Maio, by da Rocha, and the Sesc Pompeia, by Lina Bo Bardi. This two interventions have a fundamental role in the redevelopment of social functions within the tumultuous Brazilian community. In fact, “this cultural and recreational facilities have been part of political operations in the transformation of historic centres”, where architecture is the responsible for the existing urban and social environment rebirth, as the facilities are developed in abandoned transformed buildings, to give back to the city its own fabric. This was very unconventional for the 2nd postwar period, as the government was pushing for a massive construction of new buildings, also influenced by the advent of modernism in Brazil. The idea of an industrial architectural heritage din’t exist at the time. These interventions, especially Bo Bardi’s Sesc Pompeia, are revolutionary: they were meant for the preservation of the form, the structure and the idea of that place, working places where the work was hard becoming places for workers’ leisure. The architectural heritage meet the social, historical and political background. Therefore, this thesis will deepen the combination of means like businessmen’s fundings, collaboration between architects and users and the redevelopment of the industrial heritage, that allowed this institution to be powerful enough to express itself against hard existing social, political and economical conditions, thanks to a revolutionary architectural translation.
This institution is considered a worldwide recognised model. In fact, some European recreational and cultural centres which have references (or similarities) in the SESC projects will be used as examples of how the city can be redeveloped starting from its existing fabric. However, the contemporary city is disputed between those architects looking for a multifunctional architecture redeveloping the existing environment, and those who are focused on architecture as a performance, asking for “mono-functional signature” architectural work by a famous architect”. This debate is the second and conclusive part of the thesis, an analysis of these examples of the SESC-influenced buildings, both developing and facing challenges within the contemporary western cities, being preferred the construction and spreading of new ‘icons’. This landmarks’ construction with the aim of attracting tourism is making forget the importance of the development of an architecture based on the social sustainability, thanks to infrastructure containing various programs for the local citizens. The example of SESC in São Paulo—“quite a vertical and densely populated city, a city of great resources and also tremendous poverty, a city with a high crime rate, a city with severe traffic issues, and a city with public health problems”—it’s an evidence of the key role of architecture’s contribution in the urban development, currently threatened by interventions that do not better respond to modern cities requirements.","AR2A011; Heritage; Brasil; Community; SESC; Bilbao-effect; City; Paulo Mendes da Rocha; Lina Bo Bardi; Built environment","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:43906427-58fd-4237-bf60-e8c719b195fd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:43906427-58fd-4237-bf60-e8c719b195fd","Planting a circular foodscape: Solving spatial conflicts in South-Holland by changing to circular behavior in the food chain","van der Rest, Iris (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Engelshoven, Samuel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ding, Xiaoling (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wandl, A. (mentor); Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Elsewhere, deserts emerge as we flood, yet we continue to consume at our leisure. Our food is shipped all over the world for our convenience. Our behavior causes serious problems in the world but also on our own ground. Right now the province of South Holland copes with a conflict of space, as there is a need for more housing, renewable energy infrastructure, food, and nature. There is not enough land to keep up with the current trends and this creates many conflicts. The behaviour of the actors within the food chain leads to a linear food sector which is cost efficient but needs a lot of land for export of products. Furthermore it produces a lot of unnecessary waste and pollution.These conflicts could be prevented by changing the way we consume and use our land. The agricultural sector needs to be more space efficient, by using new technological advances. We can make the sector more efficient by changing the behaviour of the actors in the food chain. In the future everyone should be able to live in a healthy and sustainable South Holland. By changing consuming behaviour and methods of farming we can create interesting new foodscapes while solving the conflicts.The following steps are recommended for the development of circular economy. First, we will consume more consciously by eating more local and less meat. As a result, exports are no longer important and a lot of space is freed up in the port. Later, the farmer will use new technology and can produce, through vertical farms and withcultured meat, more on smaller pieces of land. This frees up a lot of space, leaving enough space for people and nature.This not only means that in the future it will be possible to buy a house in South Holland. It also shows that we relate differently to nature and the world around us, reducing climate change and boosting biodiversity.","Circular economy; food chain; behavior; conflict of space; foodscape","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:0a3a4e6d-7cdd-4d3a-af44-89fc46fcc8e6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a3a4e6d-7cdd-4d3a-af44-89fc46fcc8e6","Eye Filmmuseum and TU Delft Library: Investigating design compositions of Dutch architecture at the turn of the millennium","MEXIS, MICHAIL (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis aims to critically examine the design process of two cultural centres-landmarks, built in the Netherlands in the past decades. The examined projects include the EYE Filmmuseum (DMAA-2011) and the TU Delft Library (Mecanoo-1998). Despite the differences between the two buildings, they share similar starting points regarding the sites they are located in. The plots alone comprised a challenge for the architects who had to deal with the strong presence of natural elements, such as water and soil, as well as their adaptation to the historic built environment that they belong to.In order to indulge in projects’ architectural characteristics, it entails the understanding of the reasons that led to a specific design - the main factors that shaped the compositions. Therefore, this thesis questions how their syntheses were developed, what were the starting points of each design, as well as the differences between each architectural approach. It is significant to understand the main references of each project, as well as the ultimate aspiration of each building, meaning what the architects wanted to achieve apart from a functional building. Comprehending the theoretical framework of the architects, is an imperative step for answering the question of what can be learned from the design process in architecture.The research topic requires the adoption of a mixed-methods approach. The sources used, consist of archival material, preliminary sketches, literature, and material of the design phase provided by the projects’ architects upon request. Aiming to gain a better understanding of the physical buildings on a personal level, site visits are a mandatory prerequisite too. Besides, municipal documents give valuable insights into the development of these projects, in the context of their greater setting. Finally, conducting interviews with the principal architects of the projects, will give a new perspective on the design process of the projects. Moreover, the studied literature will be translated and visualized through personal illustrations, allowing for the development of a personal proposal of the5design process of the projects. Overall, the thesis uses and reflects on the most relevant sources of the subject, leading to a clear understanding of the design process and finally showcasing its impact on the architectural comprehension of a realized project.","AR2A011; composition; process","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:98b47347-84d7-4721-ada9-783a6496d493","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98b47347-84d7-4721-ada9-783a6496d493","Suprematist Architecture: a Plane Drawing: Architectural History Thesis on Suprematist Architecture by Kazimir Malevich","Regenboog, Fenna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The thesis examines the unbuilt Suprematist architecture through the architectural drawings made by Russian artist Kazimir Malevich (1878-1935) over the period 1923-24. By looking into the expression of non-objectivity in the built object, the study complements the current body of knowledge of Suprematism and architectural form development in the twentieth century. The research is constructed of a literature review and analysis of three architectural drawings by Malevich. Malevich envisioned an urban environment which form originates from Suprematist principles. Although the thesis has been able to establish the relation between Suprematism and the architectural form, there remains discussion to whether architectural principals or utopianism underlie the argument to why Suprematist architecture has not been constructed.","AR2A011; Kazimir Malevich; Suprematism; Architectural drawing; Non-Objectivity; Architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:5d981b42-d294-4371-870f-86c0dd4c60f8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5d981b42-d294-4371-870f-86c0dd4c60f8","Repurposed church buildings and its changing public perception through the course of history in the Netherlands","Versloot, Reinder (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","class=""Subtiteltekst3Titels"" style=""text-align:justify;mso-hyphenate:none"">The church is seen as a symbol, abearer of faith, art and culture, in a world that is increasingly globalized.Church buildings are like anchors in time, they tell us who we are and where wecome from. Nevertheless, the number of church visitors is decreasing becausethe number of faith bearers in the Netherlands continues to decline. This meansthat fewer churches are needed which results in more vacant churches in thefuture. A way of preserving church buildings is repurposing. In theNetherlands, 1500 church buildings have already been transformed into newfunctions and differ from apartments to supermarkets. But how does the publicperceive these buildings, and how does it differ from the past? Do theserepurposed church buildings contribute to the preservation of the history ofthe Netherlands? This will be investigated on the basis of the followingresearch question: “What is the value of repurposedchurch buildings through the course of history in the Netherlands?” This question is answered by dividing the research into three chapters, starting with the historical context of religionand church buildings in the Netherlands. The historical context of churchbuildings in the Netherlands was first mapped out by means of variousliterature studies. It can be said that throughout history, there have beenmultiple periods of change in the importance of faith and thus church buildingsin the Netherlands. The so to say all-time low of this notion was during thede-pillarization period in which the Netherlands became one of the most secularcountries in the world. In the second chapter, the church buildings that can befound in the Netherlands today are examined. It can be said that the value ofthe church building is still seen as added value in society today. However, itsnotion of value has changed over time. Where the church was first seen as aplace of faith and closed communities, the church is now experienced as a placeof culture and heritage, a place for the community that must be accessible tothe outside world. The historical added value, along with the value as aconnecting element in society, makes the church worth preserving. Repurposinghas been happening in the Netherlands for centuries, but especially since 1970repurposing has played an increasingly important role. When a church isrepurposed, people believe that it should be treated with respect. The peoplealso like it when a public function comes in return. This is often the case,both due to the demand of the community and the urban location make churchesextremely suitable for public functions. Despite this, there is often criticismof the repurposing of churches, just like the church buildings discussed inthis thesis. Initially there is often indignation and opposition. But itappears that in the longer term acceptance is there, it is often a matter ofgetting used to. This has resulted in the fact that these repurposed churchbuildings are increasingly becoming part of the society. The value andperception of church buildings may change over time but the appreciation forthese buildings remain. ","AR2A011; Repurposing; Church buildings; Repurposed; Church architecture; Church","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8857eaa3-a5a2-45bc-92ba-d91501567a33","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8857eaa3-a5a2-45bc-92ba-d91501567a33","Collective test: Can generative tools working autonomously create new cultures in the long run?","Petrova, Leticija (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Delft University of Technology; TU Delft History & Complexity); Maeda, Haruka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity; TU Delft Delft University of Technology)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The term AI has entered the creative industry in the last decades. Computer based design is now omnipresent in everyday life. Will AI take over the creative industry? Can they autonomously be creative? These are some of the headlines propagated by the mainstream media. This paper will unveil the human labor behind these computer generated designs by analyzing how they were publicized and how they were actually developed. Through the related case studies, it is possible to identify how much of the AI work is still human originated, and how a total automation is still not attained. However, the illusion created through media does suggest that generative models are capable of producing human-like text, art etc. If the human labor is fully substituted by a computer, then a new test will be necessary to verify the feasibility. The suggestion of a Collective test will be based on the study of how a human culture develops: through creativity and diversification. If a computer lacks human insights, will they still be able to create a new culture?","AR2A011; Generative Design; Generative model; Testing; Culture; Creativity; Diversity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:07022a9c-347e-4b26-a28b-ed7ee270dd18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:07022a9c-347e-4b26-a28b-ed7ee270dd18","The end of an era, start of new beginnings: The legacy of the Women’s Studies section at the Faculty of Architecture in Delft (1978-1998)","Andriessen, Mirthe (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Novas, María (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis focuses on the Women’s Studies section at the Faculty of Architecture in Delft, active from 1978 to 1998. The initial goal of the section was to contribute to the elimination of women's oppression by expanding the knowledge of this social reality. The emergence of the second feminist wave in 1960 in the Netherlands motivated women to establish female study groups, to link societal changes to the academic content. In 1977, architecture students in Delft followed this trend and organized female consultations at the Faculty of Architecture. They started sharing personal experiences concerning the women’s movement linked to their position within the faculty and the architectural profession in general. Despite internal disagreement from the faculty’s dean, the consultations ultimately led to the official course of Women’s Studies in 1978. The goal of the course shifted during the first years from the “oppression of women in the built environment” into a more scientific field of the “construction of gender differences”. In 1986, staff members started questioning the future of the section. They believed that two scenarios were possible for the development of Women’s Studies: the section could continue as a separate study field or integrate with existing research areas. Unfortunately, for the future of feminist studies at the Faculty of Architecture neither of these scenarios became reality. The section lost its support, and therefore the needed money flow, and got disbanded in 1998. The aim of this research is to link recent questions concerning the position of women in architecture to the achievements of the Women’s Studies section 40 years ago. The current activism is linked to the persistent gender gap in architectural practice, which shows that the topics covered by the Women’s Studies course are still relevant today. In the current women’s movement, the subject goes beyond the oppression of women and into intersectionality, in which the societal discrimination of multiple social groups comes to light. To bring about actual change, listening to and talking with the students is not enough. They need the right resources to take that next step in the women’s movement to eliminate inequality and exclusion in universities.","AR2A011; Women’s Studies; Architectural Education; Anna Vos; Heidi De Mare; Intersectionality; Delft University of Technology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:cf35c1af-44f5-4775-a898-a2f50b81ca54","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf35c1af-44f5-4775-a898-a2f50b81ca54","Designing for Flow: How to Enhance Learning in Individuals","Shenoy, Rohan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The educational industry is just starting to respond to the developments that have been occurring during the digital revolution. An important issue that is prominent in a classroom, gradually adapting to the new digital environment, is that the focus is placed more on the technology then the individual. The theory of flow, as introduced by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, is a particular mental state that assures the optimum level of acquiring knowledge in an individual, achieved in specific conditions. These conditions need yet to be explored in terms of spatial implementation. This paper aims to critically examine Csikszentmihalyi’s theory of flow to design a school classroom geared toward successful learning processes. To do this, I will make use of literature review as my primary research methodology. Hence, to develop a classroom based on the fl ow theory, I will pursue a careful examination of the history of classroom designs as well as the psychology of spaces and positive human psychology. I will also look into case studies of innovative contemporary schools that can serve as examples.","AR2A011; Education architecture; Flow; environmental psychology; learning space; spatial planning and design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ec9c8074-0633-4873-b454-b17989d37324","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec9c8074-0633-4873-b454-b17989d37324","Emission free maintenance dredging in a harbour environment","van Ingen, Floris (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Geleijnse, Jan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Curzi, Fabio (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kingma, Pieter (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","van Rhee, C. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (graduation committee); Henrion, Sebastian (graduation committee); Druiven, Hilbrand (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","On request of Royal Boskalis Westminster N.V. a comprehensive research was performed regarding emission free maintenance dredging in a harbour environment. The project site is the Maasmond at the port of Rotterdam. It covers an area of almost 10 km2 and, on average, a monthly volume of 400.000 cubic meters of sediment needs to be dredged. The operations are currently performed using trailing suction hopper dredgers (TSHD). Several new fully working emission free concept work methods were designed. These were assessed using a multi-criteria analysis, where emphasis was placed on energy reduction, reliability, interference, risk and safety. Given the scope of this research, costs are not decisive. General conclusions for the solutions contain the splitting of the total process. As the energy consumption of a conventional hopper is too high to operate on a battery cell, the work method is split into three different processes being:
(i) gathering, (ii) pumping and (iii) transportation. Two work methods scored best in this research, Sloped Water Injection Dredging (SWID) and the Fully Autonomous Submerged Dredger (FASD). SWID consists of Water Injection Dredging vessels, fixed structures and autonomous barges. FASD contains the design of a submerged dredging vessel. It can be concluded that a harbour environment is suitable to perform emissions free maintenance dredging with only small alterations to the current technology.","Dredging; Maintenance; Emission Free; Boskalis; Harbour","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","51.950235, 4.1463090"
"uuid:76644747-fc12-4590-8107-f278dac28922","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:76644747-fc12-4590-8107-f278dac28922","The School of Hunstanton, too simple or pleasant?: The position of the Hunstanton School in the architectural debate","Besteman, Chantal (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis examines and describes the position of the Hunstanton School in the architectural debate. The position of the school of Hunstanton has been examined through outlining the historical context, the philosophy of the architects, an analysis of its design and construction, and finally by highlighting the different opinions of critics. This research uses archival material of old interviews with, and writings from the architects and critics. The position of the School of Hunstanton in the architectural debate of the post-war period is mainly determined by its contrast with the Hertfordshire Schools. This was due to the fact both buildings stood for something that was part of a broader public debate over the role of architecture under the Welfare State: Hertfordshire for only taking flexible building system and well-being of children into account and Hunstanton for not subjecting architecture to political concerns. This contradiction in the architectural debate affected the way in which Hunstanton was viewed, namely either as a functional school building or as an architectural statement.","School of Hunstanton; Smithson; Hertfordshire; New Brutalism; Image","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:43949436-e21d-4fe4-9101-fab3af898e69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:43949436-e21d-4fe4-9101-fab3af898e69","Towards a Sociable Work Environment: Analysis of the evolution of office building infrastructures in Belgium and the influence of work organizational strategies on the comfort of workers","Benoit, Pierre-Loup (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Teunissen, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic forced an important part of the population to stay home and to experience the telework. This context of major crisis was an opportunity for utopists and idealists to speculate about the future of the general organization of our civilization. On June 9th 2020, the New York Times wrote “What If Working From Home Goes On… Forever?”. In such climate of uncertainty, especially at the beginning of the crisis, this question was relevant to ask. One year later, the generalist utopia gave the floor to a more nuanced reality. The most common tendency suggests a hybrid solution between the office and the home working with one major argument: Flexibility. What is sure now is that the concept of office building will deeply change in the next years. Or did it already? In 2016, Carlo Ratti was already asking the question “If work is digital, why do we still go to the office?”. It is because an office space is much more than a place where employees work individually behind the screen of a computer. Otherwise, telework would be commonly used since its apparition in the 1990’s. There is a need of social interactions, of knowledge sharing. The intention of this paper will be to take a step back in the history of workspaces in order to analyze and highlight its evolution as well as the changing consideration of the employee and therefore the investments made to increase his comfort at the office. Focusing mainly on the situation in Belgium, the intention is to precisely understand the social, economic and political dynamics that influenced the evolution of work environment. An emphasis will be made on the New Ways of Working strategy (NWoW), a recent approach of the office space mainly developed in Belgium and the Netherlands.","AR2A011; office building; comfort; Management; Covid-19","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:802dcd8a-eacb-4ff1-babe-8664ea1130e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:802dcd8a-eacb-4ff1-babe-8664ea1130e4","Architectuur op de Fair: De rol van architectonische stijl op de Chicago World Fair, 1893","Post, Oliver (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Geest, J.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Een onderzoek naar de politieke, maatschappelijke en stilistische rol van architectonische stijl op de wereldtentoonstelling in Chicago in 1893. Dit onderzoek gaat specifiek in op de keuze voor de neoclassicistische stijl voor de White City en de gevolgen die dit op de architectuurgeschiedenis van de Verenigde Staten heeft gehad.","AR2A011; Chicago; 1893; World's Fair; Columbian Exposition; Neoclassicisme; White City","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:a90fdf63-5334-4728-8114-912bdee18e68","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a90fdf63-5334-4728-8114-912bdee18e68","Development and characteristics of worldwide school gardens during the 1890-1920: the pioneer period of the School Garden Movement","Ren, Yujia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The school garden is an indispensable part of modern education, which lets children physically learn natural science in school. Besides, in the last ten years, many kinds of research also show that school gardens are beneficial for children both physically and mentally. This paper focuses on analyzing the history of the school garden and compares the literature about the School Garden Movement in different countries, and further extracts the characteristics of school gardens in different countries from 1890 till 1920. In this way, we can also understand the advantages and disadvantages of school gardens in various countries from 1890 to 1920. Reflect on the development of the current school garden through the way of understanding history, and consider whether there is room for improvement of the current school garden.","AR2A011; historic school gardens; school garden movement; scientific education","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:74b2eb73-7818-4804-ad0a-1eb92d40a1e6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:74b2eb73-7818-4804-ad0a-1eb92d40a1e6","Digital Traumatic Memory: The Reflection on Digitization in the Contemporary Memorial Museum","Lai, Yiyi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Tanović, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Our world is shaped by digital technologies. Since the first commercially available computer was released in 1951, a digital revolution was started across contexts - exposing new ways to connect disparate fields. Digital geographers Sarah Elwood and Katharyne Mitchell concluded that digital approaches inevitably change ways of knowing, remembering, and communicating across space, time, and collective memory. When it comes to trauma-related museums, the rise of digital initiatives allowed the public to access traumatic collective memory beyond space and time limits. Moreover, by the beginning of 2020, with worldwide lockdown measures under the Covid-19 pandemic, digital developments have become a new impulse. To deal with new challenges, some museums started providing online virtual tours via web conferencing software to the public who cannot visit museums physically. The study of the impact of digital media on memorial museums helps to grasp trends in museums’ digitization and explore the possibilities of memorial museums’ development in an interdisciplinary way. Against these backgrounds, this article aims to investigate the role of digital media technologies in contemporary trauma-related museums - especially memorial museums. The objective is to critically reflect on the digitization of traumatic memory and explore the boundary between physical articles and digital artefact. Moreover, this study hopes to raise key issues for media scholars more broadly in terms of developing critical practice concerning new technologies, as well as for historians, museum and memorial curators.","AR2A011; memorial museum; digitization; collective memory; cultural trauma","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","40.711362349869894, -74.01260043178357"
"uuid:6cdf91ef-5929-446b-83bf-b972ba974fc1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6cdf91ef-5929-446b-83bf-b972ba974fc1","Boijmans Van Beuningen Depot: A innovative & experimental manifestation or a political & economical tool","Hu, Joan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Between 2013 and 2016 a striking number of 11665 architecture competitions were held in the EU, which is around 3888 competitions per year. Competitions were a way to be innovative, experimental and idealistic. However, due to the strike regulations and entry requirements, small businesses and young architects are often excluded. The question whether and how a building would be built or not becomes a political and social discussion. So considering the above, can architectural competitions still be considered to be innovative and experimental, as their organizers claim?This research will focus on Boijmans Van Beuningen Depot in Rotterdam. The 61,5 million euro project designed by MVRDV will be finished in September 2021. The design is the winning design out of the international competition where 47 firms participated in. The selection committee chose five designs to continue to the final round, the five firms included: MVRDV, MAD/NIO/Okra, Neutelings Riedijk, Koen van Velsen and Zwitserse Harry Gugger/Barcode Architects. The interest in the competition will be who the judges were and how they selected the winning design, the various designs will be compared using simple drawing. Despite winning the competition, MVRDV was almost disqualified from the competition, due to a mistake by Sjarel Ex, the director of Museum Boijmans Van Beuningen. After the court declared they were the winner, various parties such as the government and surrounding institutes doubted if the building should be built. The main reasons for the disagreements were based on political standpoints, concerns on vision of the museum park and health concerns created by the mirror façade. In order to receive the building permit, compensation had to be made with the respective parties. What were the difficulties Depot Boijmans Van Beuningen faced in order to achieve this? Was the choice of MVRDV’s design over others a notion of innovation and change or political and economical?","AR2A011; Architecture Competition; Depot Boijmans Van Beuningen","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:47d25892-ecc2-4ab7-8990-5e6e278997ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:47d25892-ecc2-4ab7-8990-5e6e278997ec","Permanent temporariness: The urbanisation process of the Jabal al-Hussein refugee camp","Klein Gunnewiek, Kato (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Schwake, G. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Refugee camps are considered temporal places, outside of the normal juridical order, in which people are waiting to restart their lives in a new place or return to their original homes. The Palestinian refugee camps, which have existed for almost 70 years now, challenges these conceptions. The development of the Jabal al-Hussein camp, one of the Palestinian refugee camps in Amman, Jordan, from tent camp to neighbourhood, its governmentality by both the Jordan government and URNWA, and the new social structures combined show in this case study that the camp is a very paradoxical and ambiguous spatial form in terms of temporality, exclusion and stagnation. Or in other words, in its permanence, inclusion and identity. Therefore, we must reconsider the theories on refugee camps and shift our focus from the symbolic-political to the material-lived.
Vision
We envision that by 2050, the way we use plastics within the province of South-Holland has changed drastically. The plastics industry, which is primarily linear at the moment, will shift to a circular model. The province will no longer rely on the import of non-renewable resources as raw materials for this industry, or rely on the export of excess plastic waste as an end of pipe solution - to plastic waste issues. Consumption has been limited to a minimum through socioeconomically fair and viable alternatives. End-of-pipe solutions shift to recycling and, perhaps, composting - diminishing the environmental impacts and closing the loop of the plastic cycle. In thirty years, the circular model will entail fair and viable solutions throughout the plastic lifecycle.
Strategy
This report identified four different spatial interventions that are crucial for making the plastic chain circulair, namely: The HUB centre, the HUB industry, the Park and the Port. These spatial interventions coexist and are integrated in people's daily life. They keep plastic flows at the lowest scale possible and make people actively interact with plastic on different levels. These interventions can accelerate the transition towards a sustainable future so that in 2050 plastic is transformed into Fantastic Plastic.","Plastic network; circularity; cooperation; responsibility; spatial intervention","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:aafde6e2-4938-4c3a-8e44-9bf6ed2cc18c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aafde6e2-4938-4c3a-8e44-9bf6ed2cc18c","Stimulatory overdrive: A re-evaluation of the blasé outlook within contemporary society: A research paper developed on the basis of present day neuroscientific and cultural expertise","Grech, Martin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Baciu, D.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The herring gull is a bird species with a red dot on its beak. Its chicks are fully dependant on their mother for the first phase of their life, and resultantly develop a clear instinct towards the beak of their mother as this is their known source of sustenance. Interestingly enough the chicks respond with the same excitement when an object is brought about which only assimilates the beak, characteristically with the red dot. Studies showed that the chicks reacted just as much towards simply a stick with a red dot on it, and even more so to a stick with several dots or a larger red dot painted on. Qualities which in fact are never seen in the exact same manner on their mother’s beak from which the actual desired food would be brought. Despite the contrast between a herring gull chick and a more developed, presumably intelligent, human being, the anecdote conveys an important principle of the visual arts. As the chicks are deluded by the familiar yet amplified stimulus, so does the human mind build excitement and apparent interest for that which is the most visually stimulating, irrespective of the true understanding of the perceived subject. This same ideology has several instances where it is exploited in the built environment of today.","blasé; overstimulation; habituation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:ad1dd8cf-369d-4a01-9b80-d9126f465fd0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ad1dd8cf-369d-4a01-9b80-d9126f465fd0","The Power of Iron: A Researech on Horta’s Personal Language of Iron Materials","Xie, Dan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Thoor, M.T.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","As one of the most prestigious architects of the Art Nouveau period, Victor Horta explored a set of innovative methods to combine iron materials and architectural forms. This article will focus on this particular material language, first analyze the background of iron materials and architectural development at that time; secondly, analyze the characteristics of iron material itself to discover opportunities for its integration with architecture; finally, through analysis of architectural cases, it will discover the specific design of Horta for iron materials technique, so as to summarize his personal material language. From the perspective of architecture, this new material brought both opportunities and challenges to Horta. This article hopes to analyze Horta’s design strategy not only at the operational level, but also at the conceptual level to explore how to creatively combine new materials for architectural design.","AR2A011; Art Nouveau; Victor Horta; structural logic; innovative material practice; Iron","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:09b84f9f-4a32-4cc7-ae26-d047ea1a1051","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:09b84f9f-4a32-4cc7-ae26-d047ea1a1051","DeafSpace and Disability: A research into DeafSpace design and its peculiarities in relation to other architectural adaptations for disabilities","Coolen, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Throughout history the built environment has mostly been designed from an able-bodied perspective, which causes a set of challenges for people with disabilities. In the 20th century however, a growing attention for disability in architecture took place that resulted in a shift in architecture. This thesis focusses on DeafSpace design and how architecture has historically responded to the need to design for people with disabilities. This leads to the research question of this thesis: What makes design for DeafSpace so special compared to other architectural adaptations for other disabilities? By analysing three buildings that follow the DeafSpace design principles, this thesis shows what makes DeafSpace special compared to other architectural adaptations for other disabilities. DeafSpace concerns design principles that go beyond the mere application of a ramp for wheelchairs. DeafSpace creates spaces that benefit ‘every-body’, it refuses the ‘normalisation’ and ‘standardisation’ of the able-bodied perspective. It is about creating awareness and it seeks to design and improve spaces to be functional for the deaf and hard-of-hearing. In saying so, it is to be concluded that, in contrast with its name, DeafSpace and its five design principles—Space and Proximity, Mobility and Proximity, Sensory Reach, Light and Colour, and Acoustics—are beneficial to ‘every-body’.","AR2A011; DeafSpace; Universal design; Disability; deaf; 'every-body'; able-bodied","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:63de672c-1496-4eb3-84f4-bbab34828113","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:63de672c-1496-4eb3-84f4-bbab34828113","The Dutch Origin of Mies van der Rohe: Mies' Dutch experience and how berlage contributed to Mieian architecture","Han, Gongbu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Es, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis aims at depicting the Kröller-Müller commission which involved Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969) and Hendrik Petrus Berlage (1856-1934), followed by a research of the Berlagian origin in Mies. Firstly, Mies’ short stay in the Netherlands in the summer of 1912 when he was dealing with the Kröller-Müller project is represented in a detailed manner, with a series of details given, to show extensively Mies’ activities and some events during this certain period which are closely associated with Mies. Mrs. Kröller-Müller played a critical role in the whole Kröller-Müller project, because she was the one who shifted the whole commission from Peter Behrens to Mies. Secondly, the significance of the Kröller-Müller project to Mies is explained, from the aspect of Mies’ own attitudes, and more importantly the whole case as the trigger of Mies’ further dedication to Berlage’s thoughts and works. Some letters of Mies and related people are given as evidences of Mies’ huge investment in the project. Finally, an analysis of Mies’ Berlagian origin is carried out by comparing Berlage’s thoughts and architecture to the counterpart of Mies’. This analysis is divided into two categories, first the European period of Mies and from the tectonics he learned from Berlage, and second the American period and what he learned from Berlage’s theories. After this analysis, it is clear that Mies could have been inspired greatly by Berlage, and based the frame of his own architectural philosophy on Berlage’s argument where he emphasized a style - ‘unity in diversity’, or the existence of a universal principle, which is very consistent with Mies’ homogeneous grid system.","Kröller-Müller; Mies van Der Rohe; Berlage","en","student report","","","","","","Berlage, Hendrik Petrus. Thoughts on Style: 1886-1909. Santa Monica, CA: The Getty Center for the History of Art and the Humanities, 1996. Cohen, Jean-Louis. Ludwig Mies van der Rohe: Third and updated edition. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783035616811. 2018. Deventer, Salomon van. Kröller-Müller, De Geschiedenis Van Een Cultureel Levenswerk. Haarlem: H. D. Tjeenk Willink, 1956. Johnson, Philip, and Museum of Modern Art (New York). Mies Van Der Rohe, 2nd and revised edition. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1953. Kim, Ransoo. The art of building (Baukunst) of Mies van der Rohe. Diss. Georgia Institute of Technology, August 2006. Puente, Moisés. Conversations with Mies van der Rohe. New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2008. Schulze, Franz. Mies van der Rohe : a critical biography. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1985. Schulze, Franz. Mies van der Rohe: Critical Essays. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1989. Singelenberg, Pieter. H.P. Berlage Idea and Style: The Quest for Modern Architecture. Utrecht: Haentjens Dekker en Gumbert, 1972. Tang, Feng long. ""Yun Zhi""De Zhi Xu Yu""Qing Xi De Jian Zao"": Mi Si Fan De Luo = Homogeneous Structure and Clear Construction: Mies van der Rohe. Beijing: China Architecture Education Press, 2012. Weber, Paul. Mies Van Der Rohes Visueller ‚Kalkül’ Der Erneuerung. RIHA Journal, 0187, May 30, 2018.","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:622cc066-cf0f-4215-bbd5-532990f5536a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:622cc066-cf0f-4215-bbd5-532990f5536a","The Church Cross and the Storm of 1674: The Intangible Enigma of Utrecht","Nalmbantis, Dimitri (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Korthals Altes, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In Medieval Utrecht, five churches were built to form a Christian cross in plan. After centuries of turmoil, in 1674, a storm with multiple tornadoes passed right through the city, damaging most of the churches badly. During these thirty minutes of extreme weather conditions, the skyline had lost most of its church towers, spires and roofs. Since the city was poor, most of the churches were rebuilt in a simple way. This was completely in contrast to the majestic potential to have all churches at the ends of the cross built monumentally with two towers and needle spires, generating a great symmetry with the tallest tower, the Domtoren, in the middle. This would have made the invisible cross plan to be unmistakable in the skyline. On street level, the Domkerk lost the entire nave, and the Pieterskerk’s front facade, including the two towers, collapsed. The latter created a beautiful opening straight towards the Dom, but after renovations the design of the Pieterskerk didn’t make sense anymore on a larger scale. The storm and the following actions made it impossible for the city to make use of the architectural potential, resulting in the invisible enigma the cross forms in Utrecht today.","AR2A011; Utrecht; Church cross; Storm; 1674","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","52.052634, 5.071672"
"uuid:c7eb3c20-6bfd-47c0-9a16-86677ec5c20b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c7eb3c20-6bfd-47c0-9a16-86677ec5c20b","Architectural Narration of Memorial Architecture Throughout 20th and 21st Centuries: Form, Spatial and Exhibition Design as Means to Deliver Stories and Experience","Tarczyński, Rafal (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Panigyrakis, P.I. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The symbolic and meaningful richness of the architecture of commemoration reminds us of important events in the history of mankind, mixing past realities with present-day meta worlds largely created by architecture and place, as well as exhibitions, objects, or even our own experiences. Semiotic opulence, and therefore also the narrative richness of architecture and objects has a role that can mutually reinforce the message, which in practice occurs moderately often. With the help of four case studies, I tried to define strong elements that initiate a dialogue or conduct a monologue with the recipient. Through the following comparison of the examined objects and their features, partial conclusions characterizing each project were drawn, and then they were put together in order to answer the question about the hierarchy of the narrative of the architecture of remembrance and historical artifacts. The consistency of all forms of communication is very important for the overall impact on the recipient. The cooperation between artists and architects during the design of the memorials turned out to have a significant impact on emotions and thoughts. The completeness of the achieved narratives often means that the boundaries between architecture and objects blur. The presence of both components adds to the strength of the media’s transfer.","AR2A011; memorial architecture; architectural narration; semiotics; art and architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:06625ae8-f12b-4daf-bb63-56270bfb4bac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:06625ae8-f12b-4daf-bb63-56270bfb4bac","Europe’s evolution of atrium houses: Architectural history thesis","van der Straaten, Sem (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Edens, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This thesis investigates the historical evolution of the atrium house in Europe. The origin and the climatic benefits of the atrium house were found by conducting literature review. Typological variants on the atrium house are determined by testing them to a set of criteria. The traditional atrium house developed in the Roman empire from Greek and Etruscan influences. The research shows four residential variants on the atrium typology in Europe, which are: the courtyard, cortile, patio and court. These typologies with enclosed outdoor spaces have impact by offering climatic benefits and a secluded outside space which stimulates social interaction. From an architectural perspective, this research emphasizes the benefits and history of the atrium typologies.","AR2A011; Atrium; Benefits; Courtyard; Cortile; Court; Patio; Typologies","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:0e6c079b-764c-43c3-98e4-e5a9bac85bcb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0e6c079b-764c-43c3-98e4-e5a9bac85bcb","Licht, lucht en leren: Een onderzoek naar de openluchtschoolbeweging en openluchtkuur in de wederopbouwperiode","van Dillen, Teun (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft History & Complexity)","Broekhuizen, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Als onderdeel van de tuberculosebestrijding bij kinderen ontstonden aan het begin van de 20e eeuw de openluchtscholen. Deze instituten, gericht op het behandelen én onderwijzen van tuberculeuze kinderen, wonnen ook in Nederland aan populariteit. Naast de op behandeling van tuberculosepatiënten gerichte scholen ontstonden er ook openluchtscholen voor zwakke, ‘pré-tuberculeuze’ kinderen, en werden zelfs speciale openluchtscholen voor gezonde kinderen opgericht. Deze scholen deelden een gezamenlijke basis van hun werkwijze: de ‘openluchtkuur’. Deze kuur, bestaand uit de elementen gezonde voeding, hygiëne, buitenlucht, zonlicht en een regelmatige afwisseling van rust en beweging, werd ingezet om tuberculosepatiënten te behandelen, om zwakke kinderen aan te laten sterken en om gezonde kinderen gezond te houden. De rol van de openluchtscholen veranderde echter toen na de Tweede Wereldoorlog antibiotica op de markt kwam, waarmee tuberculose gericht behandeld kon worden. In deze thesis wordt onderzoek verricht naar de openluchtschoolbeweging tijdens de wederopbouw, toen de focus van tuberculose naar andere aandoeningen verschoof. Aan de hand van medisch-architectonisch literatuuronderzoek en een uitgebreide toetsing van de casusprojecten Buitenschool Appèlbergen in Glimmen en Openluchtschool San Domenico Savio in Goirle, wordt gepoogd een antwoord te geven op de onderzoeksvraag “Hoe relateren de Nederlandse openluchtscholen uit de wederopbouwperiode zich aan de principes van de openluchtkuur?”. Ondanks het losweken van de tuberculosebeweging blijken de basisprincipes van de openluchtkuur ook in de wederopbouwperiode expliciet aanwezig te zijn. Waar de principes enerzijds invloed hebben op de dagindeling van de scholen, onder andere met warme maaltijden of verplichte bedrust, beïnvloedden ze anderzijds ook de architectuur van de scholen: de focus op gezonde lucht en een overvloed aan zonlicht stond aan de basis van een scholenbouwtypologie waar geëxperimenteerd werd met innovaties als airconditioning en verplaatsbaar schoolmeubilair. Er wordt beargumenteerd dat de scholen een faciliterende en didactische rol in de opvoeding en behandeling van kinderen vervulden, gebaseerd op de oorspronkelijke openluchtkuur.","AR2A011; openluchtkuur; openluchtscholen; tuberculose; Wederopbouw; San Domenico Savio; Appèlbergen; Bedaux; Wilhelm; buitenscholen","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011","53.132333860202316, 6.64415656320309"
"uuid:8df0045a-3673-4fcc-958d-5a12052af1ee","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8df0045a-3673-4fcc-958d-5a12052af1ee","Building a Fair Transition: Creating a fair circular built environment in the Dutch province of South Holland","KARADIMITRIOU, IOANNA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); YUAN, BOWEN (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Demetriadou, Leto (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Esch, Marieke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Bos, Hannah (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Qu, L. (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","“Building a Fair Transition” strives for a fair circular built environment in the Dutch province of South Holland. By 2040 South Holland aims to have built 210.000 new dwellings to meet the rapidly growing housing demand. This transition in the built environment should align with current climate agreements and be as energy neutral as possible. To meet these goals, a lot of material and renewable energy are needed. However, the current linear economy creates inequalities for current and future generations. Therefore, radical changes towards circular construction and the demolition sector are needed. At the same time, energy poverty is an issue that calls for immediate actions in order to make the much-needed transition truly sustainable. Nevertheless, the country lacks a comprehensive measurement framework that considers social aspects to address the phenomenon. The main research question is how to manage the transition in South Holland towards a circular built environment while ensuring that this transition is done in a fair way. In order to make this possible, a tremendous change in organisational structures is required. An interscalar approach is needed to create a symbiosis betweenthe regional scale and the actions needed at a local level. In this work, bottom-up initiatives are encouraged and embraced within a bigger top-down mainframe. Through an assessment analysis, the goals towards a sustainable built environment are classified into three categories: materials, energy and knowledge. These goals will strengthen the social foundation of our report and fit the ecological ceiling that all development must respect. In our work, phasing of interventions is based onthe urgency needed. In that sense, actions are prioritisedin the most vulnerable areas while pilot projects serve as the research ground for testing feasibility and potential upscaling. The most urgent areas will be addressed first according to the criteria of low liveability, building energy performance, low income and ownership status.The overall goal of this strategy is to create a just sustainable built environment characterised by circular material flows and fair energy transition. More precisely, the aim is to strive for affordable and adequate housing for all, a regenerative and stable labour market and knowledge exchange. Concerning material flows, the target of closed material loops is achieved through renewable raw materials used, upcycling of wasteflows and optimal use. Finally, democratisation of energy has become a key theme. Supply and demand for renewable energy sources is controlled to minimise energy losses. A decentralised energy system enables every citizen to become a prosumer of energy leading thus to democratisation of energy.","circular economy (CE); social justice; inclusive energy transition; Material Flow; South Holland","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:70c1658a-da44-4960-9a54-84757e310da6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:70c1658a-da44-4960-9a54-84757e310da6","LandBOUW: A symbiosis of sectors","van den Berg, Anne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Gerlich, Donne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Oevelen, Lotte (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Pries, Eelkje (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Yan, Kefei (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The province of South Holland has many important stakeholders and drivers that impact the economy of the whole of The Netherlands. This, together with the increasing global need for circularity, is why the province has an important task in the near future to take steps towards a circular economy. To address this task, this report has chosen to look into the agri-food sector, because of their high economical significance in South Holland, and the construction sector, because of the current and future high demand for housing. Both sectors also create large residual material flows. Minimizing the high amount of waste from both sectors is essential in order to reach a circular region. The existing approach in creating a circular economy is to often look at individual sectors and their material flows. This is logical, but adverse with the idea of circularity, where all chains are closed. We believe, however, that these problems don’t have to be solved within ‘their’ sector. Our vision to solve this problem is as follows: “In 2050, the material flow of the agri-food sector will be closed. All before-known waste is now used as a resource for the construction sector. Because of this, the waste of the construction sector is reduced. Because of the collaborative sector chains, they could now be seen as one interlinked sector. The South Holland agriculture sector is now a leading example for a symbiotic and self sufficient interlinked chain.” Our ambition is to create a new movement within the circular economy. Bottom-up initiatives show that it is possible to create interlinked sectors. This project will be a pilot in upscaling this idea, and proving this is possible and has greatly beneficial outcomes. The pilot focuses on using agri-food residual flows as a resource for the construction industry of South Holland, but can be an inspiration to interlinking other sectors. To approach the interlinking of sectors, we envision a few strategies. We will be bringing the pieces of different policies together, use education and knowledge as glue between the sectors, and use transport and infrastructure to support the connection. Spatially, this results in four types of transition areas, a new living environment where the two sectors come together, also impacting the surrounding areas. This also impacts citizens from a socio-economic perspective, because more cross-sector jobs will be created and competition between businesses will be stimulated, which drives them to become more circular.","circular economy (CE); South Holland; agri-food sector; construction; Symbiosis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:474cb348-7815-44bd-837b-453d7ea432b6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:474cb348-7815-44bd-837b-453d7ea432b6","Landscape Based Agriculture: Towards a new circular agricultural system, a stronger ecosystem and improved liveability","Geers, Mark (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Cui, Jasmine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Chabayeuski, Nadya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Bouma, Rosemarijne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Currently, the agricultural system of South Holland causes many externalities including subsidence, increased flood risks by poor water management, a loss of biodiversity, air pollution and economic problems due to the nitrogen tax. Given these problems, the following research question is chosen: can improving ecological conditions and livability in South Holland be accomplished by creating a circular agricultural system where livestock farming is severely limited? The goal of this project is to respect and work with the underlying landscape system to con-struct a new circular agricultural system which is beneficial for the ecological system and livability in South Holland. This will be achieved by reducing livestock farming by over 90%, which will still leave us with the right number of animals needed for sufficient manure production. On the remaining land, new types of protein rich, eco-friendly agriculture will be introduced. Furthermore, ground remediation will be done, in peat areas the ground water level is increased to battle subsidence and double dikes will be realized to limit the long-term flood risk in a natural way while producing seaweed at the same time. To create a stronger economy, knowledge on the new forms of farming and producing meat replacements in the newly introduced meat replacement hub will be created and exported. Lastly an ecological network will be created to strengthen the ecosystem and increase biodiversity. By these interventions, a stronger ecosystem is created that will be integrated into people’s lives. To make these interventions happen, scientists need to work together with policy makers and designers to discuss the details of the projects. They will initiate the processes, and then give nature time to heal and achieve the sought-after ecological results. Overall, the following recommendations are given to the province of South Holland: •Initiate natural changes that will lead to a stronger ecology and underlying landscape •Give strong incentives for entrepreneurs to be circular: facilitate, stimulate but also regulate. •Take externalities into account when making economic calculations, then a sustainable way is likely to also be the most profitable way. This report is interesting for policy makers and spatial planners at a national, regional and city scale level looking for spatial solutions to problems with a linear agricultural system as well as policy makers wanting to improve the subsoil conditions. The report is specifically interesting when one is interested in south holland but can also be applied broader to the Netherlands and countries with similar climates, soil types and ecosystems.","circular agriculture; livestock farming reduction; Ecological system; landscape-based agriculture; Water management","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:b35b3d95-6028-4e19-b527-711968a6828f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b35b3d95-6028-4e19-b527-711968a6828f","FLUX: Rethinking flows and networks to spark the transition towards a circular construction sector","Cortes Macias, Monserratt (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Daalhuizen, Thomas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Nooteboom, Paula (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Swinkels, Siene (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Wolf, Rosa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Qu, L. (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Newton, C.E.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The large demand for homes in the province of Zuid-Holland, population growth and urbanisation result in a huge demand for raw materials to be used in the construction sector. The next 20 years many new buildings will have to be built to support current trends. Given the fact that 50 percent of all extracted non-renewable resources is accounted by the construction sector, a shift towards a bio-based circular system is necessary. In the province Zuid-Holland, one of the fastest growing urban areas within the Netherlands, there is a missing link between circular initiatives, knowledge and data. The question that comes up is; how can a symbiosis of stakeholders and resources contribute to a circular construction sector? An analysis of the current situation of stakeholders and flows of resources has been made and potential spatial conflicts were understood. Whereafter the analysis of trends and requirements to transition into a circular construction sector has been made. This results in a new understanding of the spatial structure of the province, focussing on the use of waterways as a backbone to support the transition. This will lead to circular neighbourhoods connected by the water. With Flux we try to reform the current construction sector into a circular one by the year of 2050, while taking into account social and spatial justice. The shift to this new structure, supported by the waterways, can facilitate a change to a circular construction sector. Besides this it will also give the Province a new identity and structural element for future improvements toward a circular economy, lifting the idea of circularity to a territorial level.","construction sector; bio-based materials; Circular Neighbourhood; waterscape; maker industries; Zuid-Holland","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:62d9cb00-b097-4dbb-ab67-90cb5443a0af","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62d9cb00-b097-4dbb-ab67-90cb5443a0af","The Northern European Enclosure Dam: A multidisciplinary project on the effects of the NEED","Kollaard, Freek (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Meijers, Carlijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Strien, Charlotte (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Veer, Irene (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); de Vries, Laura (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Voorendt, M.Z. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Many low-lying densely populated areas and important economical regions in Europe are threatened by sea level rise. \cite{groeskamp2020need} suggest an international cooperation to be able to protect these areas if climate change mitigation fails: the construction of the Northern European Enclosure Dam (NEED). In this research first order calculations are used to show the effects the construction of the NEED has inside the enclosed North Sea basin. The topics covered are: monthly water level variations; hydrodynamics (tides, waves and currents); salinity; temperature and lastly sediment transport. At first these topics are treated independently, after which a first step is made with studying their dependencies. Besides the dependencies, the implications of the NEED on the environment, economy and society are explored. The implications are also shown in a case study looking into the Wadden Sea, which is Natural UNESCO World Heritage.
It is found that, with constant pumping, the water level variability stays within a range that is an order of magnitude smaller than the tidal amplitudes that prevail nowadays. The salinity of the top layer drops with an order of magnitude as well, from 35 PSU to 3.5 PSU in 50 years, while the deep, stratified part of the basin stays salt. The surface temperature only changes slightly with a drop of 0.3 $^{\circ}$C.
The hydrodynamic processes in the enclosed North Sea basin together generate a weak anti-clockwise circulation that replaces the stronger anti-clockwise circulation imposed by the tides that prevailed before the enclosure of the basin. Due to a drop in average flow velocities, the sediment transport in the basin decreases and transforms from tide-dominated to a system where tides and wind are equally important. It is found that all of the above described changes have major implications on environment, economy and society and that much more research is needed to fully understand the changing processes and their effects.","NEED; North Sea; Northern European Enclosure Dam","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:9a11c4af-3301-454a-9fcb-5d36cf2ee179","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9a11c4af-3301-454a-9fcb-5d36cf2ee179","A Large Deformation Desai Flow Surface Implementation in Abaqus: Desai Flow Surface Implementation","Hendriks, Rik (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Kasbergen, C. (mentor); Anupam, K. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","This research project aims to implement an elasto-plastic Neo-Hookean Alpha material with a Desai flow surface with hardening and softening in Abaqus via the Continuum Mechanics framework. This is done by first defining the elasto-plastic potato diagram and deriving the corresponding stress tensor definition and dissipation inequality. The elastic deformation gradient is needed in the definition of the stress tensor, which is found by using the Newton-Raphson procedure for the maximization of the dissipation inequality subjected to the plastic flow surface. The Neo-Hookean Alpha elastic material, the Desai plastic flow surface and the definition of the hardening and softening curve are given and are substituted in the stress tensor definition and the corresponding Newton-Raphson procedure, which finishes the derivation of the theory needed to implement this model. This model is implemented in both Abaqus and Python, where the latter is used for rapid prototyping of the model. The methodology of verifying both implementations is presented. The results of the verification of the implementations are given and show that the behaviour of both implementations is as expected and that both implementations correspond to each other; although there are a few small issues. In the end, these issues are discussed, and future recommendations are given to solve them.","ABAQUS; Desai Flow Surface; Large Deformation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:c766a30b-6c19-420c-a47c-1f7c4c90adcb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c766a30b-6c19-420c-a47c-1f7c4c90adcb","Final Report Levee Challenge: Team Hans Brinker","Buitelaar, Maarten (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Rademaker, Rolf (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Lengkeek, Robert (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Wever, Jason (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lanzafame, R.C. (mentor); Rots, J.G. (graduation committee); Rikkert, S.J.H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In this assignment we simulate a two meters wide dike stretch which is subjected to overflow. Three failure mechanisms could occur due to overflow: full erosion of the soil of the dike, macro instability of the levee if too much soil is eroded away, leading to insufficient counterweight on the inside of the levee, and surface slip failure due to reduction of strength of the dike by flow of water in the dike core. Prevention of failure can be achieved by either keeping the water away from the berm surface or holding the soil particles in place while the water flows alongside it. The desired repair is an emergency repair that can placed quickly during a storm, or between two storms to prevent a damaged levee from failing. This is a temporary repair that will later be removed for full reconstruction of the levee. This provides constraints to the installation and repair procedure.
To decide which solution is best, 10 concept solutions are compared based on their score in the Multi Criteria Analysis with 8 weighted criteria. The solution with the highest score is the best solution according to the Multi Criteria Analysis. The selected repair option is to locally cover the damaged area with flexible overlapping sheets of Tyvek®. This is a light and thin material that can easily be transported and cut to size at the location of the repair. These sheets can be easily secured against flow loads using Gripple anchors, while pins are used to keep the Tyvek® in place during windy conditions. An installation plan and cost breakdown was made. Using 3 m wide Tyvek® rolls, the costs would be around 19.19 euros per meter height.
The damaged areas of the levee are covered with Tyvek® which is a waterproof, damp open material. This prevents the penetration of water into the core through the damaged areas. The Tyvek® also prevents the exposed soil from being eroded. Moreover, Tyvek® is a very strong material that won’t be torn off. As there is no strength reduction due to water penetration or further loss of surface material the chance for macro instability is minimized.
First, a design was created, with components dimensioned for a dike stretch in the Hedwigepolder. Subsequently, the design was validated with tests. Including two types of damage. The first was removal of a 2 by 2 m grass layer (0.1 m thick) at the top of the dike and the second was a dug-out step-section across the entire width of the dike with a height difference of 0.5 meters at the toe of the dike. Only the second damage went through the clay layer and into the sand core of dike.
During and after the tests some important observations were made. During all test volumes the plastic sheets were kept in place due to the anchors and pins. Some pins however, came loose due to vibration of the sheets (we presumed the cause of vibration is flow of water between two sheets or turbulence of water). The trench of the lower damage was partly washed away by the water. The erosion of soil in the trench did not result in changing the stability of the top sheet. At the lower damage the plastic sheet was torn off after a tear of 1 m was made with a knife.
Our solution is designed to protect any dike from macro-instability by keeping the water flow away from the berm. This is done by layering multiple sheets of plastic foil over the inner berm, fastened with ground anchors and pins. The solution is a durable and reliable design due to proven waterproof, damp open and UV resistant properties, together with Gripple's demonstrated anchoring capabilities. Another major advantage of our solution is that the repair of the damage is selective, i.e. the solution is applied only to the parts of the levee where damage has occurred. In case of only localized and small damage to the levee, the costs and workload are very minimal compared to other solutions that are applied to the entire surface area of the levee.","Flood defences; Dike reinforcement; Overflow","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","Polder2C",""
"uuid:c0535b3e-a01b-4b11-ad5c-4b53ffd2753c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c0535b3e-a01b-4b11-ad5c-4b53ffd2753c","Quantum Test for Higher Order Gowers Norms","Westdorp, Rik (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Briët, J (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In this work, a quantum self-test which certifies that measurements of a quantum device have a large Gowers norm of order k is presented and analysed. The test protocol is described as a two-player quantum game, in which players provide answers based on measurements on subsystems of a maximally entangled
bipartite state. The protocol makes use of 2k +1 subtests. It is shown that strategies that succeed in the test with success rate 1-E must have a Gowers norm larger than 1-O(E). This test generalizes measurement tests that certify measurements based on the second order Gowers norm.","Quantum testing; Gowers norms","en","student report","","","","","","This work resulted from an internship at QuSoft, CWI, under supervision of Dr. J. Briët as part of the Applied Mathematics Masters program at the Delft University of Technology.","","","","","","Applied Mathematics","",""
"uuid:4059fa74-78b7-4941-be61-595bfaf06dcc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4059fa74-78b7-4941-be61-595bfaf06dcc","Development of a temperature-based potential evaporation algorithm for supporting integrated and global-scale climate classifications","Touloumidis, D.T. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Coenders-Gerrits, Miriam (mentor); ten Veldhuis, Marie-claire (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","The assessment of potential evaporation or reference combined evaporation and transpiration is among the most important components for many hydro-climatic applications such as irrigation design and management, water balance assessment studies, and assessment of aridity classification indices. Aridity classification indices such as UNEP, Thornthwaite and others are usually employed at large scale applications and require respective estimations of potential or reference combined evaporation and transpiration. The major problem in such applications is not only the limited availability of stations per se but also the limitation of many stations to provide data for a complete set of parameters (i.e., precipitation, temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, humidity). A complete set of climate parameters is prerequisite for accurate estimations of potential or reference combined evaporation and transpiration using the most advanced methods, which are expressions of energy balance (e.g., ASCE-standardized method, successor method of Penman-Monteith FAO-56). Unfortunately, large scale applications of aridity indices suffer from this limitation and the common solution is to use temperature-based formulas. The most popular and historical temperature-based formula is the one of Thornthwaite, which was developed to support the respective aridity classification index. The popularity of this formula is based on the minimum requirement of mean monthly temperature and latitude at the location of interest. Considering the above, this study aims to develop a global database of local correction factors for the original Thornthwaite formula that will better support all hydro-climatic applications but mostly to support large scale applications of aridity indices, which are highly prone to data limitations. The hypothesis that is tested in this work is that a local correction factor that integrates the local mean effect of wind speed, humidity and solar radiation can improve the performance of the original Thornthwaite formula and to convert it at the same time to a formula of reference combined evaporation and transpiration for short reference crop. The global database of local correction factors was developed using gridded climate data of the period 1950-2000 at 30 arc-sec resolution (~1 km at the equator) from freely available climate geodatabases. The correction factors were produced as partial weighted averages of monthly ratios between the benchmark ASCE-standardized method for short reference crop versus the original formula of Thornthwaite by giving more weight to the warmer months and by excluding colder months of Epr<45 mm month-1 where monthly ratios are highly unstable with unrealistic values. The validation of the correction factors was made using raw data from 525 stations of Europe, California-USA and Australia that cover periods mostly after 2000 and up to 2020. The validation procedure showed significant improvement in the estimations of reference combined evaporation and transpiration using the corrected Thornthwaite formula that led to a 19.4% reduction of RMSE for monthly and a 55% reduction of RMSE for annual estimations compared to the original formula. The variation of the correction factor was also investigated in different major Köppen climate classes and it was found that tends to increase in drier and warmer territories. The five major Köppen groups were ordered as follows B > C > A > D > E considering the magnitude of the correction factors values. The corrected and original Thornthwaite formulas were also evaluated by their use in UNEP and Thornthwaite aridity indices using as a benchmark the respective indices estimated by the ASCE-standardized method. The analysis was made using the validation data of the stations and the results showed that the corrected Thornthwaite formula increased by 18.3% the accuracy of detecting identical aridity classes with ASCE-standardized method for the case of UNEP classification, and by 10.4% for the case of Thornthwaite classification in comparison to the original formula. The performance of the corrected formula was extremely improved especially in the case of non-humid classes of both aridity indices. The overall results showed that the correction factors produced in this study can improve the performance of the original Thornthwaite formula providing better estimations of the aridity classification indices.","Reference Evaporation; Climate analysis; Thornthwaite","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","",""
"uuid:559282f4-5343-4993-b18c-a1fbb6006b53","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:559282f4-5343-4993-b18c-a1fbb6006b53","Spatial disparities in operator performance and attractiveness of ride-pooling in Amsterdam","Maričić, Marko (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Kucharski, R.M. (mentor); Cats, O. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Despite its potential benefits of reduced traffic congestion and discounted trips, incorporating ride-pooling in a city comes with a set of challenges that require thorough analysis, optimisation, and planning. Even though, services like \textit{Uber} have existed in Amsterdam for over a decade, city wide ride-pooling has yet to be implemented. This paper uses an algorithm for exact matching of attractive shared rides (ExMAS) and Albatross travel demand data to map and analyse the spatial disparities of key performance indicators of a ride-pooling service in Amsterdam and discover the potential of certain areas in the city. The experiments utilised a set of increasing discounted fares for ride-pooling with increasing travel demand levels. A ride-pooling service with higher discounted fares generally increased the attractiveness of the system and reduced the total vehicle hours, when compared to its non-shared counterpart. It was found that the largest vehicle hour reduction were in areas on the periphery of Amsterdam (namely the West, North, and East areas) where rides of higher degree and longer trips lengths were more likely. However, the user attractiveness of the system tended to be higher in central areas of the city where trip density was higher, trip length shorter, and ride degrees lower. The study also determined that variance of the vehicle hours and user attractiveness decreased and stabilised with increasing demand level. This paper could be a starting point in optimising the possible roll out schemes for a ride-pooling service in Amsterdam.","ride-sharing; ride-pooling; Amsterdam; performance; Spatial analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:88c3ed7e-bead-401a-b5d4-dcfc23ac757d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:88c3ed7e-bead-401a-b5d4-dcfc23ac757d","Grand Bahama after Hurricane Dorian: Interdisciplinary approach to Build Back Better","van der Hucht, Laura (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hoogervorst, Chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Storm, Piet (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Grgic, Petra (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ortiz Velasquez, Federico (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Özdemir, Tolga (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); van de Ven, F.H.M. (mentor); Lanzafame, R.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","In collaboration with the University of the Bahamas, we used the Charette model, the Three-point Approach and the conceptual framework: Build Back Better to propose a solution that involves several aspects: Reduced risk overall, increased social cohesion on the island, improved life quality and reduced costs during reconstruction in the aftermath of a hurricane event. Based on the analysis of the island, the hurricane and the important physical processes, a division between protection method is proposed based on the location on the island: collective and
individual protection.","build back better; grand bahama; hurricane; interdisciplinary; interdisciplinary approach; Dorian; three-point; three; point; charette; collective; protection; individual","en","student report","","","","","","The main vision for the reconstruction of Grand Bahama is to Build Back Better. This is done by taking an interdisciplinary approach and connecting engineering to spatial planning and design. The proposed strategy reduces the risk by taking into account exposure and vulnerability of the general risk approach. The main point of the strategy is to create a resilient urban environment in which vital infrastructure like the airport remains functional. This is done by making a collective protection zone of the economic and social city centre of Freeport, a zone that also offers shelter. Individual protection and evacuation shelters will be given to residents, buildings and facilities in the less densely built areas, east and west of the city.","","","","","","","MP312","26.557281243146374, -78.65243582808306"
"uuid:e0f656da-ddbf-4cc7-81b5-56efb672ac98","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e0f656da-ddbf-4cc7-81b5-56efb672ac98","Building a bio-based workshop","Hehenkamp, Mees (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van de Pas, R.R.J. (mentor); Smit, M.J. (mentor); van der Zaag, E.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Out of a fascination for building with wood straw and clay a design for a workshop for teaching to build with natural materials has been made. Research has been done on traditional Dutch wood frames and the building skin out of wood, reed and straw.
The design outcome is a complex of buildings in the Brettenzone, that is built from materials of the local forest only.","Bio-based; Local materials; Craftmanship","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:196b5de8-98b9-4469-bc95-8dde8d29b8b7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:196b5de8-98b9-4469-bc95-8dde8d29b8b7","Scheveningen 2100: Water resilience against climate change","Kyriakou, Anastasia (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Integral Design & Management); Uphues, Charlotte (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van Overeem, Jan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); PAPACHRISTOPOULOU, LEFKETI (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Integral Design & Management); Iglesias, Sebastian (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Onderwater, Martijn (graduation committee); Liu, Y. (graduation committee); Nieboer, Henk (graduation committee); Amesz, Jack (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","‘The Dutch are not going to lose against the sea’, is a commonly accepted quote of the citizens of The Netherlands. Having developed a country below sea level, Dutch people are aware of the challenges of the sea, but are committed in an endless fight against it. Nowadays, with global warming increasing, the challenge for them is even bigger. Sea level rises threateningly, and the estimations about the future conditions are characterized by deep uncertainty. For that reason, the Dutch government identified 13 weak links in the coastal defence system, one of which is the area of interest for this research, the Scheveningen district and its surroundings, belonging to the Municipality of The Hague. Apart from its vulnerable coastal defence position, the area is densely populated and the most popular beach destination of the country. The aim of this research is to provide water safety solutions in the long term (until 2100), while taking into account the stakeholders demands. Secondly, compare the designs and identify specific aspects in which decision makers in the Municipality of The Hague would be forced to make compromises in order to implement a final solution for the project. Thirdly, investigate on additional measures that can complement and optimize the water safety design. For that reason, a background research was conducted through literature reviewing, interviewing experts and stakeholders, in order to collect information about possible sea level rise scenarios, existing boundaries of the system and stakeholders perspectives. The water safety issue was tackled with nature-based solutions following the principles of Integrated Coastal Zone Management by Building with Nature a framework that delivers solutions for sustainable infrastructure. Two solutions packages were obtained. The first one uses a Preserve strategy, attempting to maintain the current coastline position with soft (sandy) interventions where possible, keeping construction costs relatively low. The second package uses an Advance strategy, extending land in the seaward direction, and creating a large space for the development of natural habitats and human activities. To evaluate and compare the resulting designs, a Multi Criteria Analysis was conducted according to five criteria: Recreation and tourism, Social values, Ecology, Economy and Finance, Sustainability, Design. The goal of this part of the analysis is not the selection of a winner option but the assistance to the decision making process by providing strengths and weaknesses of each option, as well as a comparison between the two in terms of the above mentioned criteria. From this point on, this research identified a total of eight aspects where the decision maker, the Municipality of The Hague, would be forced to make some sort of compromises between different interests, in order to implement the project. The evaluation process resulted in a slight preference for the Advance strategy as the most integrated solution package. The optimization of this design was realised and four additional measures were proposed, leading to a more holistic proposal with more chances to bring acceptance among all stakeholders involved.","Building with Nature; solutions in coastal landscapes; Integrated Coastal Zone Management; Scheveningen; Water safety; Climate Change; Water Resilient; Nature Based Solutions; sandy solutions; Multidisciplinary; MDP","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","Delta Futures Lab","52.1143, 4.2786"
"uuid:de3a7d8b-f558-4bd7-affb-27e7fedf3b8f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de3a7d8b-f558-4bd7-affb-27e7fedf3b8f","tunus - tiny house project: an interdisciplinary approach to architecture","Landuyt, Wim (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Somers, Korneel (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering); Van de Sype, Onno (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering); Van Santvliet, Pieter (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Zijlstra, S. (mentor); Hellendoorn, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","A tiny house is a building for permanent human habitation that is specifically designed to have a limited ground surface. The tiny house design discussed in this report has a strong focus on circularity, sustainable material usage, smart systems, and affordability. To achieve an overall self-regulating and ecological concept, the aim is to combine and optimise the different flows that go through the tiny house - i.e. electricity, waste, and water. These flows are also smartly integrated and made more efficient on a network scale. Several tunus tiny houses are combined in a village because sustainable living environments can be created more effectively when collaborating in communities. Eventually, the goal is to obtain a network with such flexibility that its principles can be implemented on any collection of tiny houses or even terraced houses and flats.","Tiny Houses; Smart Homes; Microgrid; Network design; Community; City of the future; Rotterdam; hexagonal; Hexagonal grid; Green roof; Efficient water use; Sustainable Energy; sustainable lifestyle; Heat exchanger; Heat planning; Heat battery; Circularity; Wood architecture; Timber Frame; Engineering; Engineering ethics","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","tiny house project",""
"uuid:9c1ebca4-20f4-4c12-88f3-0c46d4159ff8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9c1ebca4-20f4-4c12-88f3-0c46d4159ff8","International Research Project about In-Car Payments","Moorlag, Lucas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Baggen, J.H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","","In-car payments; payment service provider","en","student report","","","","","","","","2026-10-25","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","MDP319",""
"uuid:f833ecc7-5f84-4c5d-975a-e30607b9b37e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f833ecc7-5f84-4c5d-975a-e30607b9b37e","Development of a Typology for the Classification of Shared Mobility Hubs","Liu, Shuainan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Transport and Planning)","Correia, Gonçalo (mentor); Roukouni, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","",""
"uuid:6bef4327-e77f-4b77-924c-68ef9acdfcb0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6bef4327-e77f-4b77-924c-68ef9acdfcb0","Multi-Objective Optimization of the Punchiná reservoir in Colombia","Irias Mata, Marisol (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Aguilar Lopez, J.P. (mentor); Villada Arroyave, J.A. (graduation committee); Abraham, E. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2021","Punchiná reservoir is part of the San Carlos Hydroelectric Power Plant, situated in the Guatapé watershed. The Guatapé river is an affluent of the Samaná Norte river, which in turn is an affluent of the Magdalena river. San Carlos Hydroelectric Project uses the waters from the rivers San Carlos and Guatapé and discharges the turbined flow directly into the Samaná Norte river by a tunnel. Currently, there is flow downstream of the Punchiná dam only on the days where the spillway operates, significantly impacting the riverine ecosystem. Additionally, claims have been made about how hydropeaking causes floods in villages downstream, particularly in La Pesca village. This town is located in the confluence of Samaná Norte and Magdalena river, on the left bank of Samaná Norte river mouth. The present report deals with the multi-objective optimization of the Punchiná reservoir of San Carlos Hydroelectric Project in Colombia by considering the objectives of maximizing hydropower revenues, maximizing the ecological discharge at Guatapé river, downstream of the dam, and reducing the flood risk at La Pesca village. Four numerical methods were coded in Python to solve the reservoir routing. To solve the multi-objective optimization, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) using the Pymoo framework in Python was set up, along with the use of an Explicit Euler numerical method for modelling the river routing. The simulation was performed for 3 periods (high, average and low flow conditions) within the years 2010-2017. After multiple optimization scenarios, it can be concluded that the hydropower and environmental flows are competing objectives, i.e., allocating water for environmental flow purposes from the Punchiná reservoir will always result in a reduction of the hydropower revenues. Hence, it is recommended that an incentive system is developed so that the ecosystemic services are compensated to persuade the generating companies into including ecological objectives into their optimal operation curves. In addition, suggestions on considering a bypass tunnel to let the discharge flow into Guatapé river dry trajectory while adding a turbine to take advantage of this flow are also given. The results also show that the flood mitigation objective does not result in a competing objective against the hydropower and environmental flow objectives when there are average flow conditions in the Magdalena river. Floods commonly occur during extreme weather periods whereas the optimization of the Punchiná reservoir is performed for monthly average flow conditions at Magdalena river. Thus, to assess the hydropeaking effect in the water levels at La Pesca site, it is recommended that the reservoir optimization should also include extreme flow conditions at Magdalena river when experienced.","Multi-Objective Optimization; Reservoir Simulation; Genetic Algorithm - GA; Hydropower; Environmental flows; Flood Risk","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","",""
"uuid:a54a41bc-c95a-4d55-8f9c-44b7b2f845d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a54a41bc-c95a-4d55-8f9c-44b7b2f845d3","Assessing the change in the performance of a hydrological model post integrating reservoirs for Cauvery river basin, India","Keshav, Saket (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Pande, S. (mentor); van der Zaag, P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","All ecosystem services of river are governed by flow regime. The different components of flow regime like topography, geology, and climatic variation contribute to different ecological processes. These ecosystems provide a wide range of direct and indirect benefits to a human being. The ecosystem services such as hydropower, irrigation, drinking water supply, fisheries, breeding ground for aquatic wild life, sanctuary reserves form the lifeline of many stakeholders. All the water management decisions are based on certain hydrological informations. However, the hydrological information these decisions are based on are not precise and is a simplified version of the actual system. Anthropogenic effects of human intervention on natural flow regime significantly disturbs the natural characteristics of the hydrological flow. Hydrological alterations of river flow regime while benefitting human development in many ways have damaged the delivery of ecosystem services. Growth in human population, decline in resources, ever changing climatic conditions, led to an increase in demand of the resources.The situation is further complicated by multitude of water users and stakeholders with conflicting interests this requires the accurate assessment of the river flow regime taking into account the anthropogenic effects of human intervention in the riverine ecosystem. Reservoir construction is one of the major human intervention to the riverine ecosystem. Construction of reservoirs are usually associated with substantial impacts on river hydrology and surrounding ecosystem. As a result, dams have been constructed to meet the needs of irrigation and energy. These constructions affect the connectivity of the river and eventually changes the entire ecosystem. Topography based hydrological models simulates the response of the catchment due to the different hydrological response units(HRUs). These HRUs are natural and doesn’t take into account anthropogenic factors into account. Therefore, the present study aims to understand the effects of the integration of reservoirs into a Flex-Topo model to assess the model performance.","Reservoirs operation; Flex_Topo; Hydrological modeling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","",""
"uuid:11efd8a3-5229-4cd5-bf1a-abc974846fb2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11efd8a3-5229-4cd5-bf1a-abc974846fb2","Study on the importance of stewards in shared autonomous vehicles","Ambadi Omanakuttannair, N.K. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Zubin, I. (mentor); van Binsbergen, A.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Shared autonomous vehicles (SAV) is coming up as an effective and sustainable first and last mile mobility solution that can integrate itself well into the existing transport network. Currently it is mandatory to have an on-board steward in the SAV. The technology has been maturing to have completely autonomous vehicles without the need of steward on-board. However, there are many obstacles, some of which are addressed in the study; namely perceived safety, emergency control, accessibility for elderly population, infrastructural modifications, added vehicle features required, additional training required for stewards and technological awareness. The effect of these factors on different scenarios formulated are done using a multi-actor multi criteria analysis (MAMCA). The actors chosen for the analysis are the road authority and the public transport operator. The analysis show that the scenarios with stewards obtain a better score than the scenarios without, which is expected. As for the scenarios without stewards, the one with the highest score is when the SAV runs on dedicated infrastructure with a fixed schedule for both the actors. In addition, a questionnaire study is done to gather the opinion of stewards as well. The questionnaire results show that extra training is indeed required for the stewards to manage any emergency situations. Moreover, the stewards report that the frequency of such emergency situations is high and that the technology has a long way to go for SAVs to function without stewards on-board. The questionnaire results along with the analysis provides good insight into the current situation and for the future.","SAV; Autonomous vehicles; Steward; MCA","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:16214b4a-5437-4def-8d92-6c781d0a87c9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16214b4a-5437-4def-8d92-6c781d0a87c9","The Digitalisation of Bentham's Panopticon","Maurer, Patrick (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hausleitner, B. (mentor); Bracken, G. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Has the pandemic transformed our working environment into a digital panopticon, and how close is this idea to the one of Bentham's panopticon described in Foucault's book ""Discipline and Punish, the birth of the prison""?
This research paper compares the modern smart-working environment and the digitalization of our social interaction with the prison designed by Bentham. Even if most of the similarities can be found on the conceptual level, analyzing and reflecting on analogies in the spatial correspondences became increasingly relevant.","Panopticon; Pandemic; Foucault; Bentham; Disciplinary Projects; Surveillance; Social dilemma; Society","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR1U121",""
"uuid:0abcd270-01ef-4c28-8795-ca6f5e96b6e0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0abcd270-01ef-4c28-8795-ca6f5e96b6e0","Determining groundwater velocity with DTS at the Máximakanaal and in the Horstermeerpolder","van der Scheer, Bor (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bakker, M. (mentor); des Tombe, B.F. (graduation committee); Ebens, Onno (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","A suggested approach for determining groundwater flow in unconsolidated aquifers is tested. Performing a heat pulse response test by using a heat- and fibre-optic cable should result in a vertical profile of groundwater velocities. These cables are installed by using direct push ensuring the direct contact between cable and aquifer. The suggested approach is tested with two case studies. The first case study near the Máximakanaal was meant to determine if the canal is leaking. This experiment failed during the installation which was discovered after analyzing the results. The mistakes that were made during this case study have been analyzed and are discussed. The second case study was not performed by the author of this thesis. Nonetheless, the measurements of this case study enabled the completion of retrieving groundwater velocities from distributed temperature sensing and reviewing the approach.","DTS; experience; experiment","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","51.6866984624952, 5.367646827955396"
"uuid:0dce2f8d-ae16-4fe5-9e55-8c8aa0d3eb82","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0dce2f8d-ae16-4fe5-9e55-8c8aa0d3eb82","Puerto San Vicente, Chile: Evaluation of a Port Expansion","Bruins Slot, Hilco (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Nugteren, Alex (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Rie, Victor (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Nota, Hugo (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Overgaauw, Tim (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Heide, Niels (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Overeem, Jan (mentor); Pel, Adam (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This report is written with the aim to evaluate a possible port expansion in the port of San Vicente, Chile. In order to achieve this a thorough analysis on the port operations, hydrodynamical analysis using Delft3D and a bottleneck analysis on the infrastructure have been executed. A preliminary design for the port expansion is created. This design focuses on the land reclamation, the new revetment and the new port layout.","port expansion; port development; coastal engineering; concepcion; port of san vicente; san vicente port; puerto san vicente; chile; puertos de talcahuano; bíobío; infrastructure; transport; land reclamation; port layout; revetment","en","student report","","","","","","This study was performed as part of the students master programs under the name of a Multidisciplinary Project, Civil Engineering Consultancy Poject.","","","","","","","","-36.731022, -73.141663"
"uuid:6015a5b2-086f-4da6-9d77-383e6c17816c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6015a5b2-086f-4da6-9d77-383e6c17816c","Gate Driving Mechanisms and Dynamics","Helsdingen, Martijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Hofland, B. (mentor); Molenaar, W.F. (graduation committee); Tieleman, O.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Vertical sliding valves that are part of a filling and emptying system of a lock are often subjected to an underflow of water during emptying and filling. The flow induces time varying forces on the structure which leads to dynamic behaviour of the valve. Whether the structure is in the range of resonance and what the amplitude of the vibrations will be depends on the mass, damping, stiffness and forcing quantities of the system. This thesis focussed on gaining insight in the behaviour of such a cylinder and its various components in terms of stiffness and damping of the total system including the vertical sliding valve. The research questions focussed on whether it is possible to influence the dynamic characteristics of a system (natural frequency and dynamic amplification) by adjusting the geometry of the hydraulic cylinder. Furthermore it is investigated which components are influencing the dynamic characteristics of the system and which damping and stiffness components are found to be subordinate to the dominant sources. Results were based on a Python script that included all relevant sources of damping and stiffness of a hydraulic cylinder, as well as the fluid structure interaction components such as added mass, damping and stiffness. The added damping components included the self-excitation suction damping. The sensitivity of different components to the natural frequency and dynamic amplification was explored. This was done for different cases, where in each case one variable varied while the others were kept constant. The results from the sensitivity analysis were used to find an optimal parameter that would lead to an optimal design in terms of natural frequency increase or decrease, reduction of the dynamic amplification and a minimal influence on the mass of the system. Besides these two studies, a third study was adopted to find the relative influence of different damping and stiffness components of the hydraulic cylinder for varying boundary conditions such as water level difference and gate opening. The study showed four components of a hydraulic cylinder that influenced the dynamic characteristics the most when varying their dimensions in a realistic range. These where the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder, the cylinder length, the thickness of the rod and the length of the tube that transport fluid into the cylinder. From these, the tube length and the cylinder diameters turned out to be the most effective design variables for tuning the stiffness, damping and correspondingly the natural frequency and the dynamic amplification of the system. Furthermore it was found that under all conditions (varying water level, gate opening height, pressure and stiffness), the stiffness was mostly determined by the axial stiffness of the rod and piston as well as the stiffness due to compaction of the cylinder fluid. For damping it was found that the cylinder only had limited influence and that most damping resulted from friction between the valve and the guiding rails.","Fluid Structure Interaction; Underflow; Valves; Vibrations; Hydraulic cylinder","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Structures","",""
"uuid:cdb85ac7-7e59-48dc-b176-5a2e7e5f6f77","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cdb85ac7-7e59-48dc-b176-5a2e7e5f6f77","Coastal Protection of Scheveningen","Shek, Ka-Way (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kreike, Boris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Tiesma, Menno (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Mostert, E. (mentor); Liu, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Due to climate change a rise in sea level is expected, which is a threat to the coastline of the Netherlands. The area of the project focuses on the seaside resort of Scheveningen, and specifically on the area from the Morales boulevard to the start of the natural dunes. The reason for this specific area is because the municipality of The Hague has little information about what the consequences are in this area due to future sea level rise. Furthermore, the Grand hotel Amrâth Kurhaus and different kind of hospitality industries are situated here. The Amrâth Kurhaus is a monumental building with a lot of history, therefore the municipality of The Hague attaches great value to it. However, whether future sea level rise will really cause for a hazard for the Amrâth Kurhaus and its surroundings is not clear. The first aim is to investigate whether this is the case or not. The second aim is to find how it could be solved if there is a problem.","Coastal protection; stakeholder analysis; coastal areas; scheveningen; Kurhaus; boulevard","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:c361337a-a670-4b9b-a15a-0baddbdd0f29","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c361337a-a670-4b9b-a15a-0baddbdd0f29","An Overview of the Zinc Smelting Industry in the European Union","Shi, H. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Yang, Y. (mentor); Bakker, M.C.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Zinc smelters in the European Union are now facing a lot of problems, especially under the attack of the Covid-19. This study reviewed the situation of the zinc smelting industry in the EU, including production methods, application of raw materials, pollution control, and waste treatment. The vast majority of smelters use hydro-metallurgical process to obtain high-purity zinc products. Roasting – leaching – electro-winning method is well developed, accepting a large range of raw materials and also has economic advantages. However, the problem with this method is the generation of large amounts of leaching residues. Many researchers have been worked on this and proposed many solutions. It can be improved by increasing leaching efficiency and can better recover valuable metals from the leaching residues. As for environmental pollution in the zinc smelting industry, sulphur emissions have been under well control, and both waste water and solids can be partly recycled in the process. But the storage and disposal of leaching residues are the main problems that still exist and need to be resolved.","Zinc smelters; Pyro-metallurgy; Hydro-metallurgy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:a79d7d6a-8516-4eb1-8725-ca77d9eb3115","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a79d7d6a-8516-4eb1-8725-ca77d9eb3115","Feasibility of incorporating the concept of demountable (modular) construction to an existing integral bridge design","Sushin, Harikrishnan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Concrete Structures)","van der Ham, H.W.M. (mentor); Yang, Y. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Adopt the concept of demountable and rebuildable brides to an existing idea of an integral bridge. An understanding of the different forces and moments that the bridge will have to take up and how the critical connections (deck-abutment) can be realized. Applying the understanding of how integral and demountable bridges behave and try to integrate the characteristics of both to achieve rebuildable/demountable construction. In this additional thesis, the first steps to make an integral bridge demountable is looked at in detail. The concepts of vertical prestressing with unbonded bars are explored to achieve the demountable abutment, and abutment- deck connection. The different forces that arise due to this method of prestressing have been accounted for to ensure the basic safety of this design is met.","Demountable bridge; Circular construction; Integral bridge","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","",""
"uuid:7d7cf2e1-60f2-4753-9660-1cb81b7e6fc4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7d7cf2e1-60f2-4753-9660-1cb81b7e6fc4","Estimation of Turbulence Intensity from Cup Anemometer-Based Mean Wind Speed Data via Fractal Interpolation","Alinaghi, Pouriya (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Basu, S. (mentor); Siebesma, A.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In the well-known process of the turbine design, turbulence intensity (TI) plays a vital role in prediction of the power output and loads on the turbine's structure. TI is believed to be an important statistical parameter of the wind speed that can be extracted from the signals recorded by the dedicated sensors in the wind energy area. Despite the limitations of the mast-mounted sensors, they are probably more popular than LIDARs in wind energy applications. Although the sonic anemometers are reference tools in measuring turbulent features of wind, they are expensive instruments to be employed in a large-scale. In this regard, the cup anemometers appear to be the most commonly used instruments in the wind energy community. Accordingly, it would be tremendously advantageous if the 1-Hz cup anemometer data can be employed with the synthetic down-scaling idea to build the turbulence-like velocity signal fields. In this research, small-scale fluctuations are constructed via the Fractal Interpolation (FI) technique. In addition, this study aims to assess the compatibility of the FI technique in enhancing the cup anemometer data. The analysis has been carried out for the data collected in September 2018. Through this analysis, it is deduced that the cup anemometer data can be improved using the FI method. Subsequently, by applying the FI method, in most of the cases, the standard deviation values of the cup anemometer data are increased.","Turbulence Intensity; Fractal Interpolation; Cup anemometer; sonic anemometer; Wind Energy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:aef1bfa3-9c74-4762-ba55-510a3fac379b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aef1bfa3-9c74-4762-ba55-510a3fac379b","Optimising the yard layout of Container Terminals: The port of Thessaloniki case","Ntriankos, Vasileios (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Taneja, P. (graduation committee); Lansen, A.J. (graduation committee); Vrolijk, Eslie (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Over the last decades, containerisation became the major way to transport discrete goods replacing a part of general cargo trade and facing the increasing consumer demand of developed and developing world. As a result, container terminals became an important part of a lot of ports worldwide while new technology was developed to encounter the increasing requirements for the operation of container terminals. A container terminal has a quite complicated operation as different kind of equipment and people need to cooperate under a strict timeline that does not tolerate mistakes. The optimisation of a container terminal can be achieved by adjusting different parameters concerning different areas or equipment of the terminal. In this project, the arrangement of the yard layout is analysed focusing on a straddle carrier operation. The comparison criterion is the mean maximum travelling distance that a straddle carrier needs to travel for a seaside job cycle, serving the quay cranes. Considering a rectangular layout, making reasonable assumptions and using simple mathematical relations, the travelling distance of straddle carriers from stacking blocks to the quay is modelled and a proposition to minimise this distance is developed. Then, assuming the speed of straddle carriers for the different areas they move, the mean maximum travelling time for a job cycle is determined. The theory is applied for the container terminal of the port of Thessaloniki in Greece and a rearrangement for its layout is proposed. Using simple mathematics, for a simple yard layout, it is possible to propose changes that, for the port of Thessaloniki, can decrease the travelling time of straddle carriers up to 10%. This result is very sensitive to the assumptions of the driving strategy that straddle carriers follow and to the pooling strategy that is applied for the stacking yard operation.","Container terminal; Yard layout; Thessaloniki; Stacking yard","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","CIE5050-09",""
"uuid:858b0720-5ee5-49d1-bef3-c3a031717573","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:858b0720-5ee5-49d1-bef3-c3a031717573","Forecasting tourist counts with historical counts and external features","Wang, Xinyi (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Duives, D.C. (mentor); Krishnakumari, P.K. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This research explored two types of models, ARIMA and multiple linear regression, for forecasting tourist counts in 7 locations around Amsterdam red light district, for the prediction horizon of up to 30 minutes.","pedestrian; forecasting; ARIMA; multiple linear regression","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:9288cd02-0581-4f15-820b-2f6bc81b5e05","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9288cd02-0581-4f15-820b-2f6bc81b5e05","Understanding headwater baseflow contributions to the overall water supply of the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal","Brouwer, Wietske (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Hamel, Amber (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Haren, Mick (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kindermann, Paulina (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Verboeket, Rik (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); Davids, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The Kathmandu Valley in Nepal is facing the combined effects of population growth, rapid urbanization, economic development, and climate change. This results in serious water management challenges: growing freshwater demands, declining water tables, drying of streams, and deteriorating water quality. Insufficient surface water supplies have led to increased reliance on groundwater, especially during the dry winter and pre-monsoon seasons (November - May). Despite groundwater’s importance, it is sparsely measured, poorly understood, and insufficiently managed. As it is difficult and costly to measure all groundwater extractions in the Valley, a water balance approach is an alternative method to estimate total net groundwater pumping. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop and evaluate potential methods for quantifying total pre-monsoon baseflow supplies by extrapolating baseflow measurements of a subsample of watersheds to unmeasured watersheds. Estimated baseflow was used, together with other water balance fluxes and changes in storage, to evaluate net groundwater pumping in the Valley. Three different methods were used: (1) Spatial Analysis, (2) Regression Model, and (3) Black Box (machine learning). All methods relied on streamflow data from 2017 to 2019, collected by citizen scientists from S4W-Nepal. Based on the three methods we presented, we cautiously conclude that it is possible to determine the pre-monsoon baseflow contributions from a sub-sample of head water catchments. Total baseflow estimates for the Valley using Spatial Analysis, Regression Model, Black Box were 2.32, 2.30, 2.65 m3/s respectively. These values show orders of magnitude that correspond with expected values. By using the average baseflow values of all three methods, we were able to close the water balance and make an assumption for the net groundwater pumping in the Valley. Based on a population of 3.5 million, a net groundwater extraction of 96 L/person/day during pre-monsoon was found. This striking outcome emphasizes the need for more discharge and groundwater extraction measurements, to decrease the uncertainties and to refine the methods.","Baseflow calculation; Hydrology; Kathmandu Valley; Nepal; Machine Learning; Regression Model; Spatial Analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:c8240cd0-4550-4111-8063-8cee1263d548","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c8240cd0-4550-4111-8063-8cee1263d548","Return Level Analysis of Hanumante River using Structured Expert Judgment: A reconstruction of historical water levels","Brouwer, Wietske (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Hamel, Amber (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Haren, Mick (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kindermann, Paulina (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Verboeket, Rik (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Nane, G.F. (mentor); Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); Davids, J.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Like other cities in Kathmandu Valley, Bhaktapur faces rapid urbanisation and population growth. Unsafe, new settlements are partly located at the floodplains and the government lags behind in implementing proper land-use policy to control unrestrained settlement. The rivers are not only constrained by uncontrolled settlements, but also by insufficient width and freeboard of bridges, and waste blockages causes problems. Combined with more extreme rain events during the monsoon due to climate change, flooding has become a reoccurring problem in Bhaktapur. To gain better understanding of the river and the corresponding flood risk, historical data is essential. Unfortunately, historical databases of water levels are non-existent for this river. Only starting from monsoon 2019, water levels and discharge have been measured on a regular basis. To reconstruct the missing historical data for a return level analysis, this research introduces the Classical Model for Structured Expert Judgment (SEJ) in combination with citizen science (CS). The objective of this research was to use Structured Expert Judgment in a flood risk analysis for the city of Bhaktapur. As a result of using SEJ, we were able to obtain sufficient water level data and estimate the return levels of extreme water levels of Hanumante river by fitting a Generalized Extreme Value distribution (GEV). This eventually led to a reverse Weibull fit, which in this case does not seem accurate. This research discusses in detail the advantages and issues of using Structured Expert Judgement in situations like this and also discusses the reliability of the results.","Flood Risk; Kathmandu Valley; Structured Expert Judgment; Hydraulic Engineering","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:ccb85a73-f2a7-4674-bb6c-6a6d1f63e9fd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ccb85a73-f2a7-4674-bb6c-6a6d1f63e9fd","The phenomenon of expression in resort modernism of Soviet Lithuania: Western dream then, undesirable shadow now? Collective remembrance | national identity | “young” heritage","Mankutė, Aistė (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Tanovic, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","During thirty years of independent Lithuania, numerous iconic modern and postmodern buildings from the Soviet period had been demolished. Only in recent years architects and preservationists have started to protest and communicate the message of opposition to such activities but in most cases, it is too late to save an artifice.
In the rich field of architectural edifices of social modernism, resort architecture is particularly interesting. It can be stated that it was in the resorts that some of the most original and valuable structures of socialist modernism were erected in Lithuania. In theory it should be regarded as a niche where true Lithuanian architecture could have emerged through the limitations of Soviet apparatus, however it is surprising to see this sort of architecture neglected or demolished.
Knowing that architecture makes up a large part of the regional identity, demolition of unique recreational buildings can lead to irretrievable loss of existing genius loci. Therefore, my main research question is why and how large number of expressive examples of socialist resort modernist architecture in Lithuania are undesirable?
Is it a matter of economics, considering the prestigious location of most of the remaining resort buildings? Is it because of the inseparable link between politics and architecture? Is it the institution of heritage and conservation failing to protect them? Is collective remembrance being altered when difficult heritage buildings are being demolished?
In addition to the existing discussion within the Lithuanian community about Soviet time heritage preservation, I am considering the unique resort buildings being part of the national identity and as an element of a cultural phenomenon.
In the first chapter I explain historical context and the origin of socialist modernism, prevailing ideological apparatus at the time, significance of resorts and their architecture.
The second chapter consists of investigation what is hiding “behind the scenes” of the ignorance of socialist modernist architecture. In different sections I discuss such architecture in terms of memory, collective remembrance, explain the concept of genius loci, talk about psychological confrontations of the country, elaborate on how heritage preservation is not always applicable in Lithuania and look into economic aspect.
The third chapter addresses two case studies - demolition and renovation of resort buildings. Firstly, I discuss the demolition case of cafe “Banga” (1796; demolished in 2015) in Palanga. Secondly, renovation of café “Vasara”(reconstructed in 2005).
The GRACE Follow-On mission is using classical K-Bandranging (KBR) and a new laser-ranging interferometry (LRI) method. The lattergives ranging data two orders of magnitude more accurate compared to theclassical K-Band ranging data (Dahl C et al. 2016). This gives a newopportunity for analyzing KBR noise by defining KBR noise as the differencebetween the KBR and LRI ranging data. In order to get a realization of KBR noise, the KBR andLRI epochs should be aligned and outliers have to be removed. An interpolation on the LRI data to make the LRI epochsaligned with the KBR epochs did not give sufficient results. Therefore only theoverlapping epochs were used as input for the next step of outlier detection, atotal of 2,250,000 epochs. The outlier detection method starts by taking theabsolute difference between the KBR and LRI range-rates. The largestdifferences were investigated where the original range-rate was compared to anestimation of the true value. This ‘true’ value is found by the use of a thirddegree polynomial function through the six range-rates that lie next to thesuspected outlier. The outlier detection method removes LRI range-rates thatdiffer more than 2.0*10-8 m/s from the estimated true value and KBRrange-rates that differ more than 7.7*10-7 m/s. 3764 LRI epochs and362 KBR epochs were labelled as outliers. After the outlier detection a histogram was made for theKBR range-rate noise. It was found that in order to get a normal distributionof KBR range-rate noise, the interval had to be in the range of <-3*10-7 m/s, 3*10-7m/s>. 59,000 still fell out of this noise range. 54,000 of these pointsformed 10 major clusters together where a subtraction of the KBR and LRIrange-rates did not give a realization of noise, but a trend similar to theoriginal signal and are therefore likely related to a clocking error. These54,000 points were therefore also removed from the dataset. To the remaining KBR range-rate noise values a thresholdof 3 was applied, removing an additional 4972 noisevalues that were larger than 4.03*10-7 m/s. Finally , an estimation of the PSD of the KBR range-ratenoise was made and compared to an oldPSD image of December 2008 of the GRACEmission. The PSD plot of this project shows three peaks between 10-4Hz and 10-3 Hz. These peaks are not present in the PSD plot found inliterature of the GRACE mission. Except from the second and the third peak, thePSD values of the KBR range-rate noise of this project were lower, up to twoorders of magnitude in the lower frequency range (around 10-4 Hz)and one order of magnitude in the higher frequency range (around 10-1Hz).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:d40d5802-6df9-4505-b01a-35a918373ba4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d40d5802-6df9-4505-b01a-35a918373ba4","SCIPoC: Semantic Classification of Indoor Point Cloud: A study into the possibilities of classifying indoor point cloud using a Deep Learning approach","Smit, Mels (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Chen, Zhaiyu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Erbaşu, Mihai-Alexandru (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Yustisi Ardhitasari Lumban Gaol, Yustisi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Li, Xiaoai (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Verbree, E. (mentor); Meijers, B.M. (mentor); Balado Frías, J. (mentor); van der Vaart, N. (mentor); Bunder, R. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","With the constantly evolving range of applications for technology the quality and amount of data constantly increases as well. In this growing data environment, there is a constant search to provide more value to all data that is available for as little effort as possible. Our research tries to add such additional value by diving into the concept of classifying point cloud by using deep learning, specifically in the indoor environment. This is done by first doing a neural network comparison and then doing a case study. In the neural network comparison, a look is taken into which of the neural networks that are capable of working with point clouds is best suited for our experiments in the indoor scene, based on the training speed, accuracy, ease of use concerning training on external datasets and setting up the network and space efficiency. After the comparison, we chose to continue with the PointCNN network during the case study. The case study is performed on data the NS (Nederlandse Spoorwegen) provided to us and all test results we got from our experiments can be visualized using the web application we developed along with this project. The purpose of the case study is to add extra value to the indoor LiDAR point cloud the NS has captured from Amersfoort Station by using deep learning to automatically classify assets present in their data. The value is in purposes, such as asset management, where the data does not need possibly hundreds of man-hours to be labelled. This saves a lot of time and also money each time a scan is made. In the case study we found through 4 different experiments that unbalanced data makes for bad results, but when a scene is labelled correctly very good results can be found in a local scene.","Point Cloud; Deep Learning; Machine Learning; Neural Network; Indoor Environment; Data Labeling; Semantic Classification; Visualization; Comparison; Case Study; Web Application","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2020",""
"uuid:9801c89e-57fd-45a6-92fe-db3f23ea0bcd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9801c89e-57fd-45a6-92fe-db3f23ea0bcd","Assessment of sea-level variations along the Dutch coastline","Arens, J.T. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","Riva, R.E.M. (mentor); Steffelbauer, D.B. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Long-term sea level change and its spatial and temporal variability measured with tide gauge stations along the Dutch coast have been studied. This study investigates how time series length and modeling choices influence the adoption of a quadratic over a linear sea level model. We apply linear and quadratic models to corrected tide gauges, for differing model start years. Longer models show more consistent results between stations, with less inter-station variability and smaller uncertainties. This improvement of consistency diminishes when using time series longer than 40 years. We find indications of a break-point in trends in the period 1978-1998. Quadratic models result in minor but relevant acceleration for longer time series, but do not perform sufficiently for time series shorter than 20 years. Comparing model quality between linear and quadratic models generally indicate better performance of quadratic models, but results are not conclusive to justify model adoption. A station mean is less conclusive for quadratic models than for linear models and sensitive to choice of stations and model length. Keywords: mean sea level variability, sea level change, sea level acceleration, tide gauge records, Dutch coast","mean sea level variability, sea level change, sea level acceleration, tide gauge records, Dutch coast","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:d07f4b5b-acf6-40d3-bf46-58bd7bb16b4d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d07f4b5b-acf6-40d3-bf46-58bd7bb16b4d","Effect of diisocyanate mixtures on the healing of thermoplastic polyurethanes","Infante Petidier, Ana (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Garcia, Santiago J. (mentor); van der Zwaag, S. (graduation committee); Montano, V. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); University of Seville (degree granting institution)","2020","Self-healing materials and, in particular, polymers are characterized by their ability to partially or fully restore their original properties or functions after damage. Amongst the healable polymer classes, thermoplastic polyurethanes have received increasing attention in the last years. This is mainly due to their broad application areas, the variety of chemical platforms that can be used, and the potential use of hydrogen bonding to assist the healing process. However, the combination of good mechanical properties and healing at near room temperature remains challenging. In order to learn how to find a better balance between healing and mechanical properties, dedicated studies on the impact of the monomer chemical architecture on the overall polymer performance are needed.In this work we study the impact of monomer mixtures with different chemical composition on the overall mechanical and healing behaviour of self-healing thermoplastic polyurethanes based on CroHeal™ 2000, biopolyol. The polymers are synthesized via one-shot technique, starting from three constituents: a long chain diol (CroHeal™ 2000), a chain extender (EHD) and a diisocyanate (aromatics - MDI and PPDI, and aliphatic - HMDI) or diisocyanate mixtures (MDI/HMDI and MDI/PPDI in different ratios).Fracture tests using Single Edge Notch Tension specimens show a clear increase in mechanical properties and interfacial strength recovery after damage for short healing times at room temperature when using higher aromatic content in the isocyanate mixture. Furthermore, IR mapping showed that initial compositional heterogeneity is decreased when more aliphatic isocyanates are used but also when longer annealing times are applied in the case of aromatic diisocyanates. The presence of compositional heterogeneities does not influence the healing response under the conditions studied.","self-healing; polymers; TPU; polyurethane; aliphatic diisocyanate; aromatic diisocyanate","en","student report","","","","","","","","2022-07-10","","","","Aerospace Engineering | Novel Aerospace Materials","",""
"uuid:492d2981-35ea-4cff-bc5a-eb75d06fc2dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:492d2981-35ea-4cff-bc5a-eb75d06fc2dc","Semantic Segmentation of AHN3 Point Clouds with DGCNN","Bai, Qian (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lindenbergh, R.C. (mentor); Nan, L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Semantic segmentation of aerial point clouds with high accuracy is significant for many geographical applications, but is not trivial since the data is massive and unstructured. In the past few years, deep learning approaches designed for 3D point cloud data have made great progress. Pointwise neural networks, such as PointNet and its extensions, show their ability to process 3D point clouds, especially in classification and semantic segmentation. In this work, we implement DGCNN (Dynamic Graph CNN), which combines PointNet with Graph CNN, and extend its semantic segmentation application from indoor scenes to an aerial point cloud dataset: The Current Elevation File Netherlands (AHN), which was produced by airborne laser scanners for the whole Netherlands. Point clouds from the iteration AHN3 are classified into four classes: ground, building, water and others (including vegetation, railways, etc). Moreover, DGCNN splits the input point cloud into regular blocks before operating on it and processes each block independently, which limits the effective range (receptive field) of the network to some extent. Thus, the second aim of this work is to investigate the impact of the effective range on the performance of DGCNN by adjusting two crucial parameters: the block size and the neighborhood size k in k-NN graphs. It turns out that enlarging the block size or k helps to improve the overall accuracy of DGCNN, but cannot ensure better segmentation results from each individual class. With the block size 50 m and k=20, the most balanced F1 scores for all classes and an overall accuracy of 93.28% are achieved. Based on the evaluation for each setting with a certain block size and k, we also manage to further improve the overall accuracy to 93.51% by combining smaller-scale (with block size 30 m) and larger-scale (with block size 50 m) segmentation results, with k=20.","Point Cloud; Semantic segmentation; DGCNN","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:d37bc1b5-8ef3-4a7f-8f80-327819bda802","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d37bc1b5-8ef3-4a7f-8f80-327819bda802","State-of-the-art of Blockchain Technology in Intelligent Transportation Systems: Literature review","van Dijk, Jurian (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Schulte, F. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In recent years blockchain technology has become a popular topic for research in multiple fields of discipline. For the transport sector especially, the technology is seen as disruptive. Because the research field is young and the research on the topic is developing fast, state-of-the-art knowledge is exclusive to a select group of academics. This review aims to provide an overview of the current state of blockchain technology applications in the transportation domain. Previous reviews on blockchain and transportation have already mapped the contributions for supply chain and logistics. Studies within the transportation domain on connected systems and vehicles have not been comprehensively reviewed, while the relevance on these kind of systems is growing. The focus of this review is on Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), which integrates the connected transportation systems and vehicles. The demand for ITS is growing and the relevance of supporting blockchain solutions as well. The increasing amount of connected vehicles introduce security and privacy concerns. Connected vehicles share sensitive information on which other users base their behaviour, so correctness of information is very important. Next to that, the risk arises of losing complete control over the vehicle through attacks due to the remote accessibility possibilities of the vehicle. Blockchain offers a solution for these concerns by enabling a decentralized and secure way of sharing information. These features make secure and trustworthy communication between vehicles, roadside units and platoons possible, aswell as secure over-the-air software updates. Privacy concerns can be mitigated via the use of pseudonyms, partitions or fresh data keys. With its decentralized characteristic, blockchain technology creates a transparent and traceable way of storing and sharing data. For ITS applications this means efficient insurance processes and liability attribution. Furthermore, the traceability feature of blockchain can be used in fraud detection for rolling wrecks and odometer fraud. Also, ITS can benefit from blockchain technology by integrating smart contracts. Processes where a third party is involved can be replaced by a smart contract, making it possible to implement vehicle-to-machine payments. This makes transactions fast, cheaper and secure. Processes like tolling payments or vehicle maintenance can then be automated. The security and privacy features of blockchain technology offer a solution for the implementation of Mobility-as-a-Service principles, which enables vehicle sharing. Furthermore, blockchain is an asset for transportation solutions in smart cities. In smart cities, blockchain technology can ensure data integrity and encourage organizations to share data enabling transparent city management. Within smart cities, blockchain can facilitate the data sharing between vehicles and infrastructure, as well as energy trading via vehicle-to-grid principles. Another way in which ITS can benefit from blockchain technology, is through the use of incentive mechanisms. Blockchain is well suited for incentive systems because it can automate direct interaction between actors. With automated payments, people can be incentivized to share reliable traffic data or to participate in efficient energy distribution for the grid. Also, safe driving behaviour and environmental friendly transportation can be rewarded. Before real life systems can benefit from the advantages of blockchain technology a lot of challenges have to be overcome. For ITS, all applications exist only in theoretical form. Challenges that have to be faced are the high energy consumption, latency and throughput constraints, and governance issues. Although the benefits of blockchain technology are multifold, the challenges have proven to be to hard to overcome up until now.","Blockchain; ITS; Intelligent Transport Systems","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Mechanical Engineering","",""
"uuid:a0c41ba9-490f-4434-bdf9-79770fa040c8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a0c41ba9-490f-4434-bdf9-79770fa040c8","4th Harbour Scheveningen: Masterplan","Chotkan, S.A. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Esmeijer, M. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Goerdat, R.B.S. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hendriks, O. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Stolp, T. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Binsbergen, A.J. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Voorendt, M.Z. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This report considers a possible port expansion in port of Scheveningen, The Netherlands. The problems considered are brought forwards in the plans introduced by Dr. Ir. Waterman and are tackled from multiple disciplines. These problems relate to the recharge of the freshwater-lens, reachability of the port, flood protection of the Tweede Haven, breakwater extension and a design of the new port. The report is structured by an analysis of the current situation, followed by a thorough design phase.","Scheveningen; The Hague; Port; Hydraulics; concept; harbour; infrastructure; transport; building with nature; port-layout; freshwater-lens; reachability; flood protection","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP309","52.096878950000004, 4.267131739337754"
"uuid:53799e05-2d5b-4c73-a36b-f2c2c33d0e69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:53799e05-2d5b-4c73-a36b-f2c2c33d0e69","A strategic approach for site selection of waste facilities in Mexico: Synthesis project 2020","Stevers, Vera (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Roy, Ellie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Doan, QUYNH (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ramlakhan, Rohit (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wu, Jialun (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Nur An Nisa Milyana, Nur An-Nisa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Loenen, B. (mentor); Verbree, E. (mentor); Kruisheer, Maurits (mentor); Perenboom, Thijs (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Open dumping, open burning and burying of municipal solid waste (MSW) can be the cause environmental and public health issues. These practices are more prevalent in developing countries such as Mexico,where proper waste management systems are not present. Considering the environmental and health issues, it is therefore important to minimise the number of open dumps in Mexico. The construction ofsanitary landfills is regarded as the best alternative to open dumping since it is the a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution.
An important part of constructing sanitary landfills is the selection of potential locations for these wastefacilities where investment will be made to build them. In order to select these locations first the weakspots need to be located. Weak spots are areas that do not have enough (proper) waste managementservices. Since Mexico does not have a national solid waste information system, a method to locate theseweak spots needs to be developed. With the use of the weak spots a method can be developed to select the potential locations for sanitary landfills that also takes the social, economical and legal constraintsinto account. The following research question is formulated: What are the weak spots in the current waste infrastructure network in Mexico and, based on this, where should strategic investment be madeto improve waste disposal? By answering this question, information will be provided on the issues withthe management of waste in Mexico with a focus on the areas of the weak spots and the locations where investment can be made to develop new sanitary landfills.
To detect the weak spots, a set of factors of different scenarios were developed, scored, overlaid, and visualised in maps. Regions that have the lowest score were detected as weak spots. To select the potential locations for investment in new sanitary landfills a spatial decision support system (SDSS) was developed and implemented as a QGIS plugin. The weak spots that corresponded to urban areas were used for analysis in the SDSS. This is due to the fact that it is more economically beneficial to construct sanitary landfills in urban areas.
The weak spot analysis showed that the southern region of Mexico, especially the state of Oaxaca, hadthe highest deficiencies in waste infrastructure. With the output from the QGIS SDSS plugin we are able to determine potential areas for new sanitary landfills in an automated manner.
This research has resulted in the visualisation of the weak spots in the Mexican waste infrastructure and the selection of potential locations where investment can be made for the construction of new sanitary landfills. The approach for locating the weak spots of the waste infrastructure can be used to find the weak spots in other types of infrastructure on a state and country scale in Mexico. The QGIS SDSS plugin could also be used to locate sanitary landfills in Mexico that violate the standards and regulations. The approach used to develop methods to detect the weak spots in the waste infrastructure and select potential locations for investment into new sanitary landfills could be used as a model for other countries to develop their specific approaches.","waste management; Mexico; open dumps; sanitary landfills; spatial decision support system; QGIS plugin","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2020",""
"uuid:8c8460b7-e911-46b6-8b24-d72db545b2da","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8c8460b7-e911-46b6-8b24-d72db545b2da","Possible application of Extra-Polymeric Substances (EPS) for enhancement of water-solid separation in laboratory bench scale Dissolved Air Flotation system (DAF)","Gardella, Giorgio (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lindeboom, Ralph (mentor); Heijman, Sebastiaan (graduation committee); Piaggio, Antonella (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a water treatment technology meant for the separation of suspended particles from the water. Since the fifties of the XIX century, it has gained an important role in many sectors of water treatment applications. In general, the flux variability, the small space requirement, and the limited energy consumption excel as some of the most relevant advantages of the DAF system. However, because of its not always excellent removal efficiency, DAF applications are usually considered as pre-treatment technologies to reduce the particles' load from more effective technologies as sand or membrane filtration technologies. Briefly, the amelioration of the suspended solids' separation is of particular interest because it decreases the maintenance cost of the next filtration units and, in some cases, it might substitute them. Coagulation and flocculation processes prove to be of extreme importance for the DAF performance as it is characterized by particles cut-off around 1-10 μm. The purpose of this research was the application of extra-polymeric substances (EPS) as a flocculant to enlarge the floc dimension of an anaerobic digested sludge and improve DAF efficiency. In the literature the flocculation ability of EPS is not completely acknowledged, but there are some succesfully results with microalgae and activated sludge. Specifically, the feasibility of producing EPS directly on-site, is interesting because it makes the treatment plant possibly independent from the flocculant purchase. Moreover, an extra amount of EPS might be sold (1$/kg) or used for the production of other valuable products (e.g. biodiesel production).
In collaboration with the Water Lab at the faculty of Civil Engineering in Delft and Royal Haskoning (DHV), it was possible to perform some experiments to understand the flocculation properties of EPS in the dissolved air flotation technologies. More specifically, the effects of the EPS were studied with two experiments: a jar test and a flotation column experiment. The sludge used for the experiment was collected from Harnashpolder facility after being digested for at least 25 days. With the jar test experiments, it was examined the effects of sludge settleability (5 gTSS/L): increasing EPS doses (200-1200 mgEPS/L), increment by 20% the original SVI value, on average. Furthermore, it was performed a small scale flotation experiment with two Alka seltzer pills. After a certain EPS dose (400 mgEPS/L), TSS in the formed foam resulted 1.78 times more concentrated. Finally, it was also analysed the particle size distribution (PSD) variation, but the measurements were characterized by a high standard deviation which reduced the reliability of the results. The scope of these first experiments was the individuation of a certain EPS dose to apply in the flotation column experiment simulating the DAF performance (800 mgEPS/L). The EPS addition did not improve the quality of the effluent (65%), and was slightly inferior to the blank series (69%). However, the obtained foam was almost 1.75 times more concentrated when compared to the blank solution. Towards the end of the experiment, a better removal efficiency was notated within the EPS series and it was correlated to the foam concentration (R2= 0.989). Despite the errors, PSD of the EPS series were characterized by a higher frequency of small particles, between 1-10 μm. In the discussion chapter two explanations are proposed considering the effect of zeta potential variations after the EPS addition. In conclusion, the use of EPS to enhance the solid-liquid separation of the sludge was not successful. However, further research with different doses of EPS and different types of sludge should be studied to assess the potential use of EPS to improve the efficiency of a DAF system.","DAF; EPS; Flocculation; solid removal; particles size distribution","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","LOTHUSHR",""
"uuid:153b2a82-05ba-412b-8a0a-119cb5689afd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:153b2a82-05ba-412b-8a0a-119cb5689afd","Improved AHN3 Gridded DTM/DSM","Alhoz, Khaled (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kenesei, Kristof (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Papageorgiou, Manos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Keurentjes, Lisa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Jong, Maarten (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Ledoux, H. (mentor); Peters, R.Y. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The outcome of the project has been successful from the interpolation perspective, where the final results have shown major improvements over the original rasters, and a multitude of possible other interpolation methods have shown potential. In the end, the algorithm used to create the gridded DTM was
based on Startin’s Laplace interpolation and for DSM a Python implementation of quadrant-based IDW was used. The Startin Laplace method gives statistically good results while running quickly on it’s Rust base, though using quite some memory. The quadrant-based IDW has proven to be the best way to interpolate results which include the buildings, creating crisp edges without too many artefacts. Fur-
thermore, the introduction of a polygon water flattening step was essential to prevent no-data values where water bodies prevented for accurate interpolation. The long-shot goal of being able to process all the tiles for the Netherlands was missed by a lot, eventually choosing to interpolate a series of tiles neighboring Delft to create a contiguous result set. Zuid-Holland has therefore only been partially completed, whereas the expectation was to be able to complete this area with ease in three days. An initial overview of the comparison for a single tile in Rotterdam (37HN1), can be seen in Figure 1.3 for the DTM results and Figure 1.4 for the DSM results.","DTM/DSM; scaling; Interpolation; Hydro-Flattening; Hole Filling; Ground Filtering","en","student report","","","","","","GitHub repository of the algorithms used for DTM/DSM generation (with documentation): https://github.com/tudelft3d/geo1101.2020.ahn3","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2020",""
"uuid:71cfe650-a90d-48c7-b791-99ae53eb1c36","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71cfe650-a90d-48c7-b791-99ae53eb1c36","Nature based alternatives regarding coastal and environmental climate change hazards: A case study of the Tsleil-Waututh Nation foreshore","van der Ven, Mizzi (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Scheurwater, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Scheijmans, Jasper (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Tukker, Jim (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hartman, Nicole (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Aarninkhof, S.G.J. (graduation committee); Ertsen, M.W. (mentor); Pearson, S.G. (mentor); Taleghani, Amir (mentor); Scruton, Max (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The Tsleil-Wautuh Nation (TWN) reserve, Sleil-Waututh, located at the north shore of the Burrard Inlet in Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada) is strongly influenced by climate change. Sea level rise, coastal flooding and shoreline erosion are contributing to loss of land, damages to infrastructure, ecosystem changes and exposure of historic sites with cultural value. The TWN are a First Nation, a recognized group of aboriginal people in Canada, and have lived in harmony on the lands and waters of the Burrard Inlet since time out of mind. As TWN has a sacred obligation to be caretakers of the land, they retained Kerr Wood Leidal (KWL) to conduct a climate change hazard and vulnerability assessment and to design a ten year climate change adaptation action plan. The existing conditions in the area are investigated from a technical, environmental and sociological point of view, including a study of the community context of the TWN. Climate change exposes the project area to hazards such as sea level rise, acidification and water temperature changes among others. After conducting a hazard assessment, the following climate change induced hazards are evaluated: Coastal flooding, coastal erosion, intertidal area change, ocean acidification, harmful algae blooms and other ocean conditions (water temperature, e.g.). The impact of waves and rising sea levels are assessed through an Xbeach model. The impact of harmful algae blooms and other ocean conditions are evaluated though literature research. The potential of four different approaches, varying from traditional to building with nature-based solutions, to mitigate the identified hazards are discussed: a rip rap, a nourishment, a salt marsh and a clam garden. They are evaluated based on technical, environmental, economic and social feasibility. For each alternative a trade-off exists between protection against the identified hazards – mainly between the ability of each of the solutions to prevent or mitigate coastal flooding and erosion while preserving the local ecosystem and intertidal area. All alternatives help the TWN in their own way and although further research has to be done, this report provides an insight in four possible alternatives that could support the process of developing a satisfactory solution for the coastal hazards that cause problems for the TWN people and their reserve.","Hydraulic Engineering; Coastal Engineering; Climate Change; Climate Adaptation; Building with Nature; Indigenous community; Environmental Engineering; Coastal erosion","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Multidisciplinary Project","49.309330, -122.988365"
"uuid:70875ade-1f7c-41cc-846e-45d8229faa03","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:70875ade-1f7c-41cc-846e-45d8229faa03","Pantai Project: The Trade-Offs Between Plastic Pollution and the Cost of the Waste Management System for a Household; a Case Study in the Watershed of the Petanu River, Bali","Alberts, Gijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); de Lange, Rikus (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Luteijn, Anthonie (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); de Smet, Sanne (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Terwindt, Josephine (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Turhan, Ervan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Pande, Saket (mentor); Alonso González, María (mentor); Aarninkhof, Stefan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","It has been determined that the plastic waste load in the Petanu river (Bali, Indonesia) can be as high as 2015.5 kg/day in the beginning of the rainy season. To restore the ecosystem and protect human livelihood this load should be reduced drastically. The enormous pollution rate is largely due to the massive amounts of mismanaged (plastic) waste at household level. This is the part of the waste that is either burned or dumped by the households, rather than collected or brought to a recycling facility. Extensive mismanagement of waste is an indication of an inadequate functioning waste management system. In Bali, and this watershed specifically, the existing system is decentralised and its waste management strategies rely heavily upon public participation. As a result, in some areas households have limited options regarding waste handling due to a lack of a collection system and other waste services. At the same time, households need to pay for those services. In order to improve the current waste management, it is therefore important to understand the trade-off made by the households between the environmental impact of plastic waste and cost of the waste management system.
In this report, this trade-off is studied by creating a real-world, coupled economic-environmentalmodel, of the Petanu’s watershed in the Gianyar regency. The model consists of two parts: 1) a production possibility frontier (PPF) and 2) a utility curve. The PPF is an arc curve that visualises the relation between the plastic waste load originating from households and the average impact on the monthly purchasing power of a household. The purchasing power is impacted since users of the waste management system need to pay for the services. The utility curve, on its turn, visualises a households trade-off between plastic waste load and impact on monthly purchasing power. Coupling these curves gives insights in how well the current waste management system satisfies the preference of the households regarding cost versus pollution rate. If the current waste management matches perfectly with these preferences, the point of tangency of both curves would be the location on the curve representing the current plasticwaste load and impact on the purchasing power. If the point of tangency has a lower plastic waste load and hence higher impact on purchasing power, households are willing to invest more in their waste management to improve the environmental quality of the Petanu river.
To gain insight in the trade-offs people make regarding four disposal methods (Self-Service, Pick-Up, Burn and Dump), cost and time, a stated choice experiment was set up. This is done by means of a questionnaire in which respondents were asked to make choices between hypothetical choice situations. The choice sets consist of different combinations of the disposal methods with varying attribute levels for cost and time. The survey has been conducted under 300 respondents from six different villages, located in the watershed of the Petanu river. With the help of data analysing program Biogeme, an open source Python package, the stated choice data has been transformed into the utility curve. Besides a general utility curve for the whole population living in the watershed of the Petanu river, also utility curves have been established for certain segments of the population, based on age, educational level and currently used disposal method. Hence, the questionnaire contained also questions about socio-demographic characteristics, the currently used disposal method and the corresponding cost. The latter two are not only used for the segmented utility curve but also for the creation of the PPF. The PPF is built-up by defining five different scenarios, i.e. the current situation, three scenarios with an improved waste management system and a scenario without a waste management system. The scenarios with an improved system have an increasedwaste collection rate or additional locationswhere recyclables can be handed in, in exchange for money. For all scenarios, the corresponding average cost per household and the plastic waste load in the Petanu river have been calculated. The quadratic best fit to these data points gives the PPF.
By combining the PPF with the general utility curve it was found that an average household in the watershed of the Petanu is willing to pay more for the waste management system than they are currently doing in order to decrease the plastic waste load in the Petanu river. It was even found that households want to achieve very low plastic waste load values and are willing to invest 47,400 IDR per month to reduce their contribution to plastic waste load by 100 grams per day. An exact equilibrium point is however not found as the PPF entails to many uncertainties at very low plastic waste load values. Nevertheless, the model gives a good indication and it is therefore recommended to increase the current collection rate of household waste. Furthermore, it is recommended to invest in TPS3R facilities in which waste is sorted and send to recycling facilities. Moreover, the combination of the PPF with the segmented utility curves gave some very interesting
insides. First of all, the younger generation (· 31 years old) has a higher willingness to pay for the reduction of plastic waste load, than the older generation. This is likely the result of the awareness programs on waste management at schools. Hence, it is recommended to expand this educational program. Secondly, educational level is positively correlated with willingness to pay. Remarkably, income level and gender did not have a significant relation with willingness to pay. Lastly, time is a significant determinant for the choice of disposal method, which corresponds to a certain plastic waste load. Therefore, it is recommended that waste management at household level should be as time-efficient as possible. This means the collection should be as much as possible be done at the doorstep of the houses and recycling bins should be located close-by.
All in all, it has been demonstrated that the households in the watershed of the Petanu river are very willing to pay for the waste management services, however, current waste management options are too limited. It is now the task of the governmental institutions and community leaders to enable collection of waste for every household in every village.","Plastic Pollution; Utility Curve; Production Possibility Frontier","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering Consultancy Project | CIE4061-09","-8.335,115.088056"
"uuid:a2f37347-3cb1-4523-8d1e-50ebb9100ffc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a2f37347-3cb1-4523-8d1e-50ebb9100ffc","Evaluation and Optimization of Methodsfor the DNA Extraction from Drinking water","Kong, Wei (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Medema, G.J. (mentor); Liu, G. (graduation committee); Lut, Maarten (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Tap water qualification is quite important for human health, the DNA extraction from tap water is a current challenge since the microbes inside is limited. This article aims to evaluate various DNA extraction methods and based on the different reagents or procedures and their influence to do some modifications for better extraction. DNA yield, purity and fragment size are three evaluation criteria for extracted DNA, while the reproducibility and operational convenience are also taken into evaluation for each method. According to the results, extraction methods could be recommended for different situations. It is concluded that commercial kits show better reproducibility in yield and quality aspects and more convenient in operation than phenol/chloroform based methods. The modified method which adds enzymatic and chemical lysis method into standard commercial kit protocol, shows the highest DNA yield. The phenol/chloroform based methods give the best average purity, especially for protein contaminants. Considering the fragment size, the DNA extracted from Quick-DNA HMW MagBead kit (ZYMO Research, USA) distributes widest with more HMW DNA among all methods. The results presented here suggest that that the DNA extraction method of choice for tap water samples should be the modified Quick-DNA HMW MagBead kit.","DNA extraction; tap water","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:ea34a719-79c1-4c6e-b886-e0d92407bc9d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ea34a719-79c1-4c6e-b886-e0d92407bc9d","""Acqua Alta"" and the need for Mo.S.E. project: Managing the coastal flood in Venice","Godlewski, Gabriela (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Caporalini, Luisa (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Deuss, Bram (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Jonkman, Sebastiaan N. (mentor); Antonini, A. (mentor); Diaz-Loaiza, Andres (mentor); Houwing, E.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The city of Venice has been prone to flooding throughout its history. However, flooding has recently been occurring more often than before. As a result, engineers have collaborated to come up with a potential solution to the flooding. This solution, a mobile barrier known as the Experimental Electromechanical Module (Modulo Sperimentale Elettromeccanico, or Mo.S.E.) has been in progress for quite some time now and is therefore still not functional. On 12 November 2019, an extreme high water level event occurredwith the second highest recorded water level in history. The flooding event should have been prevented by the construction by a flap gate storm surge barrier, a project started after the 1966 historical high water event, which takes the name of Mo.S.E. project. In this paper, the 2019 event is analyzed, investigating the causes of the event and the design criteria of the Mo.S.E. barrier project in terms of its structure, construction process and completion state at the time of the event.The meteorological and hydrological causes of the 12 November 2019 is studied to better understand what caused the event. If the causes of an event are understood, a solution to similar future events can be more easily determined. Historic waterlevel data is used to better understand the hydraulic conditions within the Venice Lagoon. Existing research projects that utilized similar data are studied to estimate the return periods considered in the design of the Mo.S.E. barrier. The return period for the 12 November event (187 cm) was found to be about 130 –140 years. The return period for the water level at which the Mo.S.E. barrier is designed to be fully closed (110 cm) is 5 –7 years. The effects of climate change and subsequent eustacy are also analyzed to determine how this would affect the return periods of both the 12 November 2019 event and the barrier closure level. Analysis of estimated future return period data predicted thatthe return period range for the 12 November event would decrease from 130 –140 years to50 –100 years while the return period range for the Mo.S.E. barrier closure would decrease from 5 –7 years to 2 –5 years. An estimation of the flooded buildings and roads is made. Surface elevation data is compared with the water level of the November 2019 flood event. In this way information is gained about what areas were flooded. By using downloaded from Open Street Maps, information about all buildings and roads, including their location, are obtained. Analyzing this data results in information about what buildings and roads are flooded. These results, together with numbers of damage per flooded object, are used to make an estimation of the total direct damage due to the flood event. The estimated total direct damage amounts to €870 million.The estimated damage to cultural heritage amounts to €244 million. Also, the case was investigated in which the Mo.S.E. barrier would have been operational during the November 2019 flood event. If the barrier had closed, the total direct damage would have been€257 million.Conclusively, an analysis of the management system of the Riequilibrio E Ambiente (REA, Lit. Rebalance and Environment) mega-project and the Mo.S.E. project is conducted to visualize the main failures and delay causes which lead to the circumstances of incompletion of the barrier at the time of the 2019 flood event. Through a careful analysis of the main events and technical problems encountered throughout the planning and construction of the barrier, the leading cause of delay is found to be political corruption, along with uncareful definition of project objectives and extreme levels of project complexity. Currently, the completion of the storm surge barrier is scheduled to be at the end of 2021. In 2019, the construction of the barrier wasfound to be completed at its 94%, signifying an 8-year delay past the original completion date of 2012, which was determined at the begging of the construction works in 2005. The Mo.S.E. barrier project is merely one part of a much larger mega-project designed for the safeguard of Venice which was meant to be completed in 1985. While the Mo.S.E. barrier is delayed almost 8 years, the entire project is delayed by a total of 26 years.It is recommended to direct further researches to future impact, considering climate change, and the amount of damage for certain return periods and the impact of the Mo.S.E. barrier on this last. Hence data collection making damage estimations more accurate, internal corruption prevention and management within large infrastructure works and feasible optimizations solutions to apply to the Mo.S.E. barrier in order to face sea level ris","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:01083a4a-900b-4cf9-9746-cb9258c11d9e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:01083a4a-900b-4cf9-9746-cb9258c11d9e","Comparative Study of Byzantine Fault Tolerant Consensus Algorithms on Permissioned Blockchains","Görkey, Isitan (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); El Moussaoui, Chakir (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Wijdeveld, Vincent (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Sennema, Erik (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Erkin, Z. (mentor); Ayşen, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Blockchain is a technology that is in use increasingly. Although owing its common use to the cryptocurrencies there is more to the blockchain technology than just the monetary use. One of these uses is by smaller groups of participants under the control of a central authority, for instance at a company. Such private blockchains use permissioned blockchain consensus algorithms as the participants need the permission of the authority to be able to join the system. This paper will give an overview of the blockchain technology, investigate permissioned and permissionless blockchain, and focus on permissioned blockchains to analyze it in terms of, e.g. trust models between the nodes, incentives, number of nodes & parties involved, and scalability regarding the number of transactions.","Blockchain; Byzantine Fault Tolerance; Consensus Algorithms; Cryptocurrencies; Permissioned Blockchains","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:a584db0e-069b-497d-8230-022289a05ec9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a584db0e-069b-497d-8230-022289a05ec9","Dunning-Kruger effect in climate change science communication","Braat, Charlotte (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hut, Rolf (mentor); Ertsen, Maurits (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The knowledge deficit model assumes that people make more informed decisions when they are presented with more information. This model is often used in communication strategies while it has received quite some critique from science communicators and is not well supported by social science theories. One of these critiques comes from the observed Dunning-Kruger effect, where individuals unskilled in a certain area do not possess the skills to realize their incompetence. This effect has not been researched extensively yet in relation to climate change science communication and is the topic of this paper. By means of an online questionnaire (316 respondents), respondent’s knowledge and estimated knowledge on climate change is tested. The Dunning-Kruger effect has been detected for this group and suggests a critical re-evaluation of the knowledge deficit model, however additional research is necessary. An initial analysis into the influence of factors like age, gender and highest completed education level on actual and estimated scores and the discrepancy between these is also done to provide leads for further research.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:f6396b66-de30-4a79-9f71-659cfa183ee9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f6396b66-de30-4a79-9f71-659cfa183ee9","Living Edges: Embracing adaptability as opportunity for creating living edges in the Province of Zuid-Holland","Eggink, Jan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ponssen, Jasmijn (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Di Gioia, Lucas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Monique Vashti, Monique (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kong, Tao (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Forgaci, C. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","To help combat climate change, promote sustainable development and match the goals set in the Paris Agreement, the Province of Zuid-Holland wants to transition to a circular economy. To make this transition successful, the Province ought to adopt an integrative approach, addressing other elements such as socio-spatial inequality, pressure for urban expansion and economic challenges that have to be integrated in the transition strategy. The following report describes these elements and the challenges they bring and proposes a vision and a development strategy based on the sector where these elements connect: the agri-food sector. Zuid-Holland’s agri-food sector is an important link in the global economy, and many of its infrastructures are oriented towards export through the Port of Rotterdam. However, there is an unequal distribution of profit and power related to the agro-food sector, which results in socio-spatial inequality. Through quantitative and qualitative analysis of both the physical and social environment, we conclude that the spatial pressures and existing challenges are most present in the edges of the province’s biggest cities. Hence, the Living Edges project envisions how the linear global agro-food sector can be transformed into a circular regional agri-food sector in a social just way . By designing a strategy in which this transition is detailed in space, the project aims to decrease socio-spatial inequality through bypassing the linear food system with interventions in the edges between the urban and rural areas. It does so by increasing diversity, social cohesion and equitable access to healthy, affordable food. As a result of efficient local circular production, the delta province will have more space for regenerative, nature-based and robust water defense systems. The vision and strategy designed by the Living Edges project provides tools for emancipating the province from the linear global economy towards a local, equitable and circular economy. Through networked governance with a multi-scalar focus, the Province of Zuid-Holland can be an example to other similar regions in Northwestern Europe and promote the idea of a just region.
Dynamic Adaptation Policy Pathways are advised for the strategy in order to incorporate deep uncertainty in the long-term, large scale project. By using stakeholder engagement strategies, including stakeholders in different ways corresponding to the variety of scales and phases.","Circular Economy; spatial justice; climate change; agri-food sector; Province of Zuid-Holland; stakeholder engagement strategy; Dynamic Adaptation Policy Pathways","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:e7b253d1-d186-4a27-af89-911e9f5123d9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7b253d1-d186-4a27-af89-911e9f5123d9","The validity of informed consent with regard to human genetic sequencing","Posner, Noah (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Moonen, Djoshua (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Tariq, Sameer (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Lopez-Cantero, Pilar (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Modern societies manage an ever increasing amount of data. By mining
these data-sets, it is possible to gain understanding of problems. Through a
process of informed consent companies have been able to sequence the genome
of large populations. Providing insight to the consumer about their family
lineage and possible future risks that they could face. As a consequence of
providing such services to consumers, companies are in the position where
they can monetize a database of information hat they possess. The primary
issue that will be addressed is how private genetic data should be handled
correctly. As without clear ethical guidance corporations will (un)willingly
abuse trust. The result of aiming to maximize asset value can be unethical
conduct such as selling the data to third party insurance companies. The
apparent need to process larger quantities of data in order to acquire new
information to fill our knowledge gaps is a trade off between privacy and
anonymity of the individuals within society. Creating an ethical conundrum
for companies trying to profit. This research makes a contribution to prove
that certain actions when sequencing or using genetic information infringe
on privacy and are not morally permissible. Providing greater clarity when
trying to decide whether a use case of personal data is ethically permissible.
By reviewing modern literature that describes the ethical implications of
informed consent and human genome sequencing the research will identify
key areas requiring further work to develop the ethics of technology in a way
that enables innovation whilst keeping society safe.","Informed consent; Technology management; Whole genome sequencing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:91c9a5b1-1fe9-4606-84b3-7279a5ca9ce1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91c9a5b1-1fe9-4606-84b3-7279a5ca9ce1","Patching Up: A strategy to integrate drosscapes to achieve a circular organic sector in South Holland","Zdebel, Elzbieta (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kliučininkas, Paulius (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hollander, Kevin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Cai, Ning (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In the Netherlands, the organic sector is one of the key pillars of the economy. Currently, the country holds the role of the second biggest exporter of food globally, having 94.5 billion in value of goods exported in 2019. In South-Holland itself the organic sector contributes to the regions’ budget by 16%. Most of the production is happening in large greenhouse clusters known as the Greenport. However, the organic sector produces a considerably huge amount of waste and pollution. It also forms drosscapes in outdated lands of infrastructure. Drosscapes and the organic patch system of the landscape are two individual systems that do not work in synergy with each other. They both create different kinds of waste (environmental, social, economic and solid), not contributing to circular sustainability. Therefore, the main question is how they can be combined with the organic sector, improving the performance of the agro-industry and reducing waste. The project answers this question by looking at the sector through a strong sustainability concept which includes the key values such as the circular and knowledge-based economy and a wide range of participants. The strategy of the region is based on four main principles. First, the goal is to bring drosscapes back into the organic system. Second, the sector has to be combined locally. Third, potential stakeholders and R&D companies have to be involved more widely and from different fields. Finally, spatial diversity has to be improved in order to make the organic sector in South-Holland circular. The strategy is based on scenario planning. The detailing of the strategy focuses on diverse system clusters of production making relations between local and compact. Additionally, the small scale examples are based on knowledge and innovative technologies, being considered a potential export product, contributing to the food geopolitics, but most important - to South Holland’s sustainability. Patch structure in the concept is used as a method, in which clusters are able to close smaller loops of production before they become connected to the regional circular system. As a result, the main sector of the export would become knowledge of farming and adaptation to climate change in the region. The strategy can be applied in different scales and locations while reaching circular economy by implementing local drosscapes into a system. Policy makers can make the best use of drosscapes in a practical way by applying the strong sustainable concept and similar strategy in their region.","Circular economy; Province of South Holland","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:bc832995-4442-430e-8e01-63a92956ec97","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc832995-4442-430e-8e01-63a92956ec97","An Umbrella as a Mobile Acoustic Rain Gauge for use in Urban Areas","Gerritsen, Gerben (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Hut, Rolf (mentor); van Halem, Doris (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","To validate rainfall intensity in urban areas measured by satellite a first prototype proof of concept is introduced and tested. Using low-cost electronics an umbrella is converted into a mobile acoustic rain gauge which can be used in urban areas to measure rainfall intensities. A reed switch is placed in the umbrella to measure whether the umbrella is open or closed. Using a piezoelectric sensor and a Sparkfun sound detector rain droplets are detected and using a Pycom WiPy send over Bluetooth to an application which saves it on an online server. Tests during a laboratory experiment to see how the output data evolves shows that the data collected have an output range of about 10 % compared to its mean value. During field evaluation, to compare its output data with rainfall intensities as measured with radar, it is shown that the output data follows the radar measurements within acceptable bounds.","Rainfall estimation; Urban environment; Conceptual design; Umbrella; PyCom; Rain gauge","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:6c129982-6e64-4a25-ade9-4fecafed4474","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6c129982-6e64-4a25-ade9-4fecafed4474","From Datasphere to Datascape: Development of the data infrastructure, as a catalyst of the energy transition and the circular economy","Heijnen, Jurriënne (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Westerbeek, Karlou (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Saunders, Kelvin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Pattarasumunt, Sorawit (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Cannatella, D. (mentor); Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Economy and technological innovation have always shaped the Dutch landscape and society. The evolution of the Internet has led to a new economy based on digital information and communication. New production, consumption and business models are mushrooming, especially in the Province of South-Holland. This fast development is facilitated by the massive exploitation of construction materials, energy and data flows. The data sector has a high energy demand, which is even surpassing the CO2-emission of the aviation and shipping industry. The flows that support the sector are linear, consuming a lot of energy and producing a lot of waste, because construction materials and infrastructures have a short life-span. The Province of South-Holland aims to be circular in 2050. Thus, addressing the challenges that this new economy poses on the region need to be prioritized. The strategic and integrated development of the digital economy into the (urban) fabric of South-Holland functions as a catalyst for the circular Province. The goal will be reached by proposing a strategy consisting of a spatial development framework, stakeholder action plan, phasing and scenarios, policy guidelines and a typology toolbox. This strategic report explores how a connected and resilient datascape in South-Holland can be created/developed while preserving the global value and increasing the local value. For the strategic and integrated development of the digital economy into the (urban) fabric of South-Holland, data hubs as a platform for awareness, participation and knowledge exchange are proposed. These platforms will either function as a creator or a transformer of the local environment, while preserving the global position of the region. The development of these datascapes is circular, (energy-) efficient and creates value throughout the different scales. This will form the base of a sustainable and resilient circular economy in the Province. In this strategy, the flows of construction materials, energy and data are optimized from linear flows to circular cycles.","Circular Economy; Province of South Holland; Data","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:c5dbb44e-6d43-4558-9a65-9a11c5dc6151","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5dbb44e-6d43-4558-9a65-9a11c5dc6151","Closed Loops, Open Justice: Creating circular construction flows, for a just social housing industry","Jeronimus, Roos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); van den Broek, Jort (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Gathanga, Jackson Kariuki (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); GAO, Chen (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Forgaci, C. (mentor); Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Rocco, Roberto (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In the province of South Holland steps have been taken to create a circular construction industry to mitigate current linear processes. These linear processes include wasteful resource-intensive models that lead to loss of value and depletion of raw materials. However, to achieve a complete circular construction industry, the true social and environmental costs of this transition need to be taken into account. This has shown to increase the initial cost of construction which, if left uncontrolled, would lead to an increasing gap in the provision of affordable social housing. Therefore, the aim of this research is to provide innovative circular construction solutions for the provision of spatially just social housing in the densification of South Holland. There is a focus on the current state and trends of the construction industry in relation to the densification and social housing issues. Through literature review and data analysis the current and future issues are identified to create a toolbox of design strategies. The toolbox contains local production, modular and flexible construction, improved infrastructure, digitization, and transformation and restoration. To explore how a circular construction industry can be deployed in the provision of social housing, our focus is on three different kind of strategic areas: social housing in big cities, social housing in medium-sized cities and (former) industrial areas. The previously mentioned tools will illustrate not only the transition towards a more circular construction industry that supports the provision of social housing, but also shows how it can function as an area that engages people with the transitions towards a circular economy. This will tackles issues of segregation, diversity, equality awareness and participation.","Province of South Holland; Circular Economy; Circular construction; Social housing; Socio-environmental costs; Densification","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:0c9b41bd-a3ec-4cd7-82fe-e21fbddaf7e1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0c9b41bd-a3ec-4cd7-82fe-e21fbddaf7e1","Multidisciplinary assessment of engineered dunes for West End, Galveston Island, Texas","Andringa, Lise (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; Texas A&M University at Galveston); Eijkelkamp, Timo (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; Texas A&M University at Galveston); Grolleman, Thomas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; Texas A&M University at Galveston); Schouten, David (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; Texas A&M University at Galveston); Szadkowski, Xavier (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; Texas A&M University at Galveston); Ophof, Oscar (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; Texas A&M University at Galveston)","Kothuis, Baukje (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, Marian (mentor); de Vries, Sierd (mentor); Mostert, Erik (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is scheduled to present their solution for a storm surge barrier on Galveston Island in 2021 to congress for approval. A solution for an engineered dune system on the Galveston Island West End has been proposed, but storm surge models have shown that protection from this engineered dune only goes so far, moreover the search for a proper alternative that fulfills technical requirements and social political influences have proven to be challenging. This study aimsto assess different dune alternatives, proposed in different reports, with a range of multi disciplinary criteria. The assessment of dune alternatives will also result in guidelines that should be considered for design, maintenance and governance aspects for an engineered dune barrier on Galveston Island, TX. Using a multi disciplinary approach for the evaluation of the different dune alternatives, the following research question was formulated: To what extent do the various dune alternatives fit the requirements for a land barrier at the West End of Galveston Island, looking at both technical and sociopolitical aspects? In this context, technical requirements are defined as the storm surge-and rainfall coping capacities of the dune, i.e. against what kind of storm is the dune resistant. Social political influences are a combination of the perception by local residents that are directly influenced by the construction of a dune system, governmental forms of collaboration, and in provide an analysis of the maintainability of the dune alternatives using the storm surge capacities. The different dune alternatives that have been assessed consist of the dune system proposed by the USACE and GLO (2018), the big dune system proposed by Galvez (2019) and the hybrid dune system as proposed by Muller (2017) and will hereafter be called alternative 1, 2 and 3 respectively. In this report a fourth alternative was introduced which is based on the hybrid dune system by Muller (2017) and consists of a clay core instead of a concrete core. Alternative 4 was chosen in order to simulate the difference between a concrete core and a clay core. Based on XBeach calculations, the storm surge coping capability of each dune was determined by projecting 10 year-, 50 year- and 100 year storms onto the dune alternatives. ArcGIS maps from the Galveston Island allowed for projection of flow patterns on the island in order to determine the rainfall coping capacity. An evaluation of sociopolitical aspects was based on a review of the literature on dune systems, forms of collaboration between governmental and private entities, and interviews with various respondents consisting of private individuals and companies, as well as governmental agencies involved in the process. Analysis of the various dune alternatives, based on multi disciplinary criteria, demonstrated that alternative 1 is completely flattened in 50 year storm events, whereas alternatives 2, 3 and 4 show a good storm surge capacity. All alternatives aggravate the current rainfall capacity at Galveston Island West End, because each dune system poses an obstruction that is not there currently. Alternatives 2 through 4 show a good enough storm resilience, requiring post-storm recovery maintenance while still providing a reduced but fair storm surge capacity. The sociopolitical results indicate that Galveston Island West End residents wishes are only safeguarded for alternative 1. On this basis, the main recommendations are to perform tests upon the dune system alternatives regarding storm events occurring in succession, which is not unusual in the Gulf of Mexico. A combination of alongshore erosion rates from the Galveston Island and the effect of dune vegetation should be determined for the dune alternatives, since these aspects were not considered in this research. Further research is needed to identify the combined effects of rainfall and storm surge in order to get insights into the performances of a certain alternatives. Furthermore, the exact role including the desired storm surge capability should be well defined in order to determine which stakeholder wishes and influences are to be fully considered for the dune system design.","Multidisciplinary; MCA; Dune design; Dune; Galveston; Erosion; Rainfall estimation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Coastal Texas Study",""
"uuid:6e38c31f-8b43-44f5-b1cd-1654d24a8e8e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6e38c31f-8b43-44f5-b1cd-1654d24a8e8e","A Guide to Solving Pathfinding Problems with Multiple Agents","Ionescu, Victor (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); van der Meer, Mike (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); van Kooten, Bram (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Paardekooper, Gijs (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Teunissen, Jasper (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","de Weerdt, Mathijs (mentor); Mulderij, Jesse (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Currently, literature regarding Multiagent Path Finding (MAPF) does not give a broad enough overview of all the different approaches. Many papers are hard to read and require proper knowledge of MAPF. The goal of this report is to give a global overview of MAPF. To achieve this goal, we provide a detailed explanation of what MAPF problems look like, as well as giving a clear overview of the strength and weaknesses of different solutions. Besides this theoretical analysis, we also analyse and critique benchmarking performed by other researchers. Following all this, we conclude that the field of MAPF lacks agreement on terminology. Furthermore, performance analysis is limited to researchers choice, skewing research in their own favour.","Multi-agent; Path Finding; Algorithm; MAPF; CPF; Overview; Performance analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:ee4489f6-9078-4980-8b88-b27f676ff593","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee4489f6-9078-4980-8b88-b27f676ff593","CO2MORROW: The role of CO2 in the agrifood sector in the transition to a cirular economy in the province of South Holland","Dekker, Jelle (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Vermeulen, Stefan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Roode, Menno (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Li, Yangzi (Student TU Delft)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Furlan, C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The province of South Holland is a key player in the global food economy. However, its agrifood sector is currently generating unwanted outputs. CO2 emissions are the largest and most problematic output flow of this sector, causing negative externalities such as climate change and sea-level rise. Actors producing the CO2 are interlocked into a system and do not have the resources to escape this. This report uses the concept of the circular economy to design out this polluting output flow, while also taking the financial position of the actors into account. The transition to a circular agrifood economy for CO2 has to happen spatially. The available space in the province of South Holland is already under pressure to solve other major challenges, such as land degradation, climate adaptation, decreasing biodiversity and a poor urban landscape relationship. Solving all these challenges separately is inefficient and impossible.
This report explores the possible synergies between mitigating those challenges and the transition towards a CO2 circular (i.e. CO2 neutral) agrifood economy, while also taking spatial justice into account. A future is envisioned of an interconnected metropolitan landscape where CO2 is stored in the form of biomass and where knowledge about a biobased economy is gained and exported to the world. A cross-subsidy CO2 exchange policy based on creating synergies with other challenges is proposed as a catalyst policy for this transition. Furthermore, specific spatial interventions in the form of setting up knowledge parks are also contributing to the transition. The agrifood sector will become much more robust and sustainable by trading CO2 together. The production of biomass mitigates other spatial challenges too, and vulnerable farmers get an additional source of income. With the proposed strategies, the province of South Holland is ready for a sustainable and cooperating tomorrow.","Circular economy; Province of South Holland; CO2; biobased economy; agrifood sector; Spatial Justice","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Building Technology | Sustainable Design","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:bceec530-c3d9-4dbf-a13e-199c66907e7a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bceec530-c3d9-4dbf-a13e-199c66907e7a","Growing Smaller: Optimizing productivity within an intersectural circular system to relieve the pressure on land","van den Brink, Ilse (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Goselink, Cas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Tatar, Karolina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Bohun, Simon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hou, Zhe (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Rooij, R.M. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Forgaci, C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The province of South-Holland is located in a delta, where the Netherlands have been changing the landscape for centuries to keep out the water and create the productive, highly urbanised and well connected landscape it is now. Due to climate change, the water system brings about an increasing pressure in both the rivers as well as the sea. In addition, economic and demographic growth pressure the agricultural production system and urban system. Instead of reclaiming land from sea and rivers, this report aims to find a a collaboration between the three sectors. It will enable the people of South-Holland to work together with the water and create a more balanced landscape.
To create this balanced landscape, this project researches the possibility of protecting the province of South-Holland from climate change while producing sufficient food and keeping the region livable. Three systems (water, agriculture and urbanisation) are analysed on both their individual system as well as the synergies between them. Using these three systems, a vision and strategy are formed for South-Holland in 2100, where the landscape is transformed into a water based productive landscape in which the synergies between the three elements are key. This landscape ensures the realisation of three goals: 1. Productivity by creating dense agricultural hubs, 2. Safety from the water for the whole province, and 3. Livability for the people by creating healthy and desirable densifying urban systems. A toolkit of six intervention typologies is created with a focus on innovation in water, agriculture and/ or urbanisation while keeping a liveable environment. By implementing the interventions on the synergies between systems they create the balanced landscape. This landscape results in the need for a healthier and local diet for the inhabitants and the creation of new green and blue infrastructure will increase liveability. Additionally the food economy of the region will be more efficient and resilient.","Circular economy; Province of South Holland; Circular agriculture; Waterscapes; Flood protection; spatial justice; social justice","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:93142809-9c57-46fb-8ee4-cb61cf1c7178","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:93142809-9c57-46fb-8ee4-cb61cf1c7178","Optimal Colour Filtering for Laparoscopic Surgery","Posner, Noah (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Stefanidi, Andrei (TU Delft Aerospace Engineering); Hanhart, Jasmijn (TU Delft Applied Sciences); Thakoerdajal, Dinesh (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","van der Elst, Maarten (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Laparoscopy was shown to be highly effective in improving patients healthcare outcomes in comparison to traditional open surgery, ensuring faster healing, reduced scarring of the tissue and reduced pain. Laparoscopy has a great technological complexity, causing difficulties which make it of great interest to the engineering community. This research investigated whether colour filtering provides a better contrast during laparoscopic surgery, allowing for easier identification of tissues and vessels. A video of a gall bladder removal surgery was first carefully analysed for key moments when the hepatic vessels, gall duct and gallbladder vessels were visible. Three different reference images were selected from the original video and twelve different RGB (Red, Green, Blue) ratios were used to create new colour enhanced images for each of the selections in Darktable.","Colours, Colour Vision, Laparoscopy, RGB-values, Contrast","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Biomedical Engineering","",""
"uuid:89c6dfc5-f131-4ae5-97b5-1f25abe2dc81","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:89c6dfc5-f131-4ae5-97b5-1f25abe2dc81","Regenerative food landscapes: A strategy towards regenerative agri-food landscapes in the province of South Holland","Murawska, Kinga (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Lieftink, Lisa (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Wei, Baokun (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Eijk, Anke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ebbers, Maud (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Furlan, C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In the Netherlands landscape and (agri)culture have always influenced each other and there is an inherent relationship between them. Through innovations over time, the province of South-Holland developed profitable productive food-landscapes which provided an important contribution to the Dutch food production and export, making the Netherlands one of the leading food-exporters worldwide.
However, the profit-oriented character of the productive landscape no longer fits well with the changing societal values, as the current pattern is destructive to the environment and people feel disconnected from the food production and the landscape. Society today does not only value profit, but also increasingly cares about the environment and social justice. The productive systems are locked into a path of environmental destruction and do not focus on the values of society, which show increased awareness of the importance of a healthy, diverse, environmental-friendly and inclusive approach towards future developments.
To resolve this mismatch between landscape and culture, this project aims to transform the current economic-driven food productive landscapes towards regenerative food landscapes that match with the values and needs of society today. To do so, this project starts from the perspective of the landscape, uses transition theory as a theoretical base, takes into account social justice, and investigates the spatial implications of regenerative development.
The results are a vision that foresees regenerative landscapes for South Holland and a strategy with interventions to reach this vision by 2050. Both the vision and the strategy take into account the three different types of food landscapes of South Holland: agriculture on clay soil, livestock and dairy production on peat soil, and horticulture in a mixed peri-urban environment. The regenerative landscapes will not only mitigate the effects of previous destructions but reverse them by a cooperative relation between man and nature . The landscapes will revitalize the province to sustain modern values and to restore the inherent relation between landscape and culture.
measurements of chloride and ammonium. By comparing the SARIMAX interpolated data and the data with reduced size, the results indicate that directly dropping half of the measurements can be regarded as an acceptable way to reduce the measurement frequency, as the data properties are well preserved and the errors in estimating the mass of substances leaching out are in the acceptable range. However, interpolating using SARIMAX model doesn’t have significant improvements in preserving the data properties. Further quartering the data can lead to large deviations in data properties.","SARIMAX; state space model; prediction","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:4b20997a-1613-4449-8bf4-96fa6a4d93ee","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b20997a-1613-4449-8bf4-96fa6a4d93ee","A way to store, query, update an InSAR spatiotemporal dataset","Li, Ze (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hanssen, Ramon (mentor); Verhagen, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","In SAR interferometry, the data acquired by satellite are large. The points in the dataset are usually expressed in spatial-temporal dimension in which many epochs may be included. Extra information including contextual values and data from other sources sometimes are important to be taken into account when analyzing the deformation based on the time series. However, this kind of extra information is not supplied in the dataset. Here we show a way to augment the InSAR dataset by updating the new acquisitions, adding contextual values and combining data with other sources. We create an enriched dataset which provides one more knowledge on the points in the dataset, such that more accurate analysis and decision can be made. Also, a way to query a certain bunch of points with the same feature category is descripted, which allows one to find the points of interest based on their features. Our result provides a way to utilize multiple data sources and to combine them into an InSAR dataset in order to make the dataset be more efficiently used. The way depicted in this paper might be a hint of how to do a more accurate and comprehensive analysis based on a dataset. Furthermore, an automatic or semiautomatic way to modify the dataset with some tools are helpful.","InSAR; database; points; feature category; query; update; Python","en","student report","","","","","","Additional Thesis","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:6ed81636-e3e6-4106-b820-2c0f4a1664bb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6ed81636-e3e6-4106-b820-2c0f4a1664bb","Assessment of Using Low-frequency Ultrasound Device for Domestic Drinking Water Disinfection","Wu, HAO (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Liu, G. (mentor); Rietveld, L.C. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Microorganisms may cause problems in drinking water distribution system (DWDS). It is hard to control and always forms the biofilm, which can result in the deterioration of drinking water quality. At household’s tap, due to the favorable conditions, which incurs an easier formation of biofilm. Therefore, the idea of secondary disinfection at households to control the drinking water quality has come up. Ultrasound disinfection provides an easy-operated way for point-of-use disinfection, which can be influenced by the local hydraulic conditions. Previous studies have monitored the spatial and temporal variations in the microbial community in DWDS but most of cases were based on long-term effect. In this study, a simulated household piping system was sampled intensively over short time scales. Several parameters on the dynamics of microbiological processes such as tATP, cATP, TOC and total cell concentration of drinking water samples were examined at four sampling points under various flow rate at different disinfection time. The results highlighted that ultrasound disinfection can restrain cell activity but the effect was also influenced by flow rate. Both FCM and ATP data described the microbiological dynamics in the drinking water samples. The cell concentrations decreased when the flow rate was lower. Moreover, operation time of the ultrasonic device showed significant influence on the disinfection efficiency. At the same sampling point, when the system was operated at a constant flow rate, the cell activity decreased with the increase of the operation time of ultrasonic device. Considering the time that a cell travel through the system subjected to ultrasonic effects, the so called exposure time, it is observed that the cell activity decreased with the increase of time that the cell experienced ultrasound. As a result, the cell at the furthest sampling point under the most significant flow rate with longest ultrasound disinfection time showed the lowest activity.","drinking water; Ultrasonic measurements; disinfection; Microbial Growth","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","CIE5050-09",""
"uuid:d894ab33-edb2-486c-9379-be4565b53352","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d894ab33-edb2-486c-9379-be4565b53352","Modelling direct sediment producers to climate change effects","Burgers, F. (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","Browne, N.K. (mentor); O'Leary, M.J. (mentor); Verhagen, A.A. (mentor); Tissier, M.F.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The resiliency of coral reef islands to changing environments associated with climate change is controlled by the delicate balance between the import and export of sediment. The majority of the sediment is derived from coral reefs for which the stability of these islands is directly related to reef health. Understanding the sediment signature and its drivers is essential to assess island resiliency. We performed a study on sediments from the islands Eva and Fly in the Exmouth Gulf, Australia. We analysed the grainsize distribution and the abundance of sediment producers in order to desribe and discriminate the spatial distribution of these sediment characteristics and performed statistical analysis to identify corresponding key environmental drivers. We found that the sediments were typically course sand-sized (500 − 1000 [μm]) and the dominant constituent is reef-derived sediment. The median grainsize of Eva island (549 [μm]) is nearly equal to the median grainsize of Fly island (540 [μm]). The standard deviation of the grain size distribution of the sediments from Eva island was much larger than at Fly island. However, analysis of variance showed there were no significant differences between islands (Eva/Fly), hydrodynamic regimes (high/low), distance to shore (inshore/offshore) and local habitat (reef/no reef). Furthermore, a distance-based redundancy analysis showed no key environmental driver responsible for the distribution in grainsize and composition of the sediment. The environmental factors which were analyses were depth, temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen content and the oxidation-reduction potential. The spatiotemporal scales that were studied are potentially smaller than the scales on which climate change effects act, which explains the absence of significant spatial differences or key environmental drivers. Based on these findings it is not possible to assess the resiliency of Eva and Fly islands, however a study from Perry et al. (2011) found that islands with their particular characteristics (sand-sized and coral-dominated) are expected to undergo major morphological change under a range of predicted climate change scenarios. This research provides a baseline for future studies to assess the stability of Eva and Fly islands or sedimentological research other reef-derived islands.","Sediment characteristics; Environmental drivers; Climate change; Morphodynamics","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","Additional thesis","-21.922153, 114.431844"
"uuid:befd2817-346c-427d-8fc5-2cf77bb10c37","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:befd2817-346c-427d-8fc5-2cf77bb10c37","Ionospheric errors in GPS: Measuring and modelling the ionospheric delay using single and dual frequency receivers","Beenen, Kathelijne (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Verhagen, S. (mentor); van de Giesen, Nick (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Accurate weather forecasting plays an important role in predicting precipitation events. With the warming climate the precipitable water vapour in the atmospheric is increasing. Since weather parameters as precipitable water vapor have a high spatial variability, interpolation of water vapor data over an area of hundreds of kilometer does not have a sufficient quality for weather prediction applications. Nowadays, researchers are investigating if the precipitable water vapour can be quantified using GPS transmitted signals in a densified GPS network. An accurate quantification of the ionospheric delay is important to efficiently calculate the precipitable water vapour. Moreover, the ionospheric delay is the biggest error and limitation of the GPS signal. It is important to understand how the ionospheric delay varies spatially and in time. Therefore, variability in the ionospheric delay is an interesting factor in weather forecasting and climate change. To monitor the ionospheric delay a high temporal (in minutes) and spatial resolution (in km-grid) is needed, because the ionospheric delay changes spatially and throughout the day. A possibility to achieve this is to densify GPS networks. Previous research has shown that it is possible to measure the ionospheric delay with dual frequency receivers. In developing countries this densification of GPS networks cannot be achieved with expensive dual-frequency receivers. This study investigates if a higher receiver network density can be achieved with the help of low-cost single frequency receivers. Therefore, a densified GPS network of dual and single frequency receivers is set-up in and around Kampala, Uganda. This research demonstrates how the Satellite-specific Epoch-difference Ionospheric Delay model (SEID) can be used to compute the ionospheric delay for a single frequency receiver through time. The SEID model creates a second frequency for a single frequency receiver which is used to resolve the ionospheric delay. The intensity of the ionospheric delay depends on the electrons in the ionosphere. The number of free electrons in the path of a signal is expressed as the total electron content. This research shows how to compute the total electron content in the ionospheric layer of the atmosphere. After computing the second frequency for the single frequency receivers the observations need to be processed using Precise Point Positioning (PPP) to compute the precipitable water vapour. As a case study Uganda is chosen, because it is located on the equator. The ionospheric delay fluctuates more at the equator so this is an interesting region to investigate the variability. The analysis shows that an high accuracy of the GPS signal is needed to create desirable results. Therefore, field campaigns with single frequency and dual frequency receivers should incorporate antennas with noise reduction. In order tot assess the accuracy of the ionospheric delay obtained by using single and dual frequency receivers, future research should be focus on better network set-up and getting the right equipment with better noise reduction","GPS; Single frequency receivers; SEID model; Ionospheric Delay","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","TWIGA","0.347596, 32.582520"
"uuid:ec05b5fa-d269-435c-9eaa-fbcbe772bb1e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec05b5fa-d269-435c-9eaa-fbcbe772bb1e","Iron and arsenic removal in triple- and single-bed filters: The effect of pH, filtration velocity and filtrate recirculation","Flambouris, Stelios (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Rietveld, L.C. (mentor); de Ridder, David (graduation committee); van Halem, D. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Arsenic in groundwater can constitute a persistent nuisance for water treatment facilities when it exceeds the admissible limit of 10 μg/L. Recently, a stricter limit has been set as a new challenging target by many companies in the Netherlands, which is below 1 μg/L. However, most of the groundwater treatment plants have been conventionally designed solely for the removal of the most common undesirable groundwater constituents, namely iron, manganese and ammonium. The current research aimed at the investigation of the operational conditions facilitating As removal in biological rapid filters simultaneously with the required Fe removal. This improved As retention should be correlated with an extended length where its adsorption takes place, thus with the deeper Fe penetration inside the bed. Therefore, this was attempted in this research. The process water used throughout the experimental tests contained As(III) and Fe(II) in order to simulate a typical anoxic groundwater quality. For the most part, a triple-layer filter bed was used, consisted of anthracite, sand and garnet. The different settings under examination involved a range of pH values (7.8, 7.1 and 6.4), two filtration velocities (2.5 m/h and 5 m/h) as well as the recirculation of the filtrate back to the feed stream. Finally, the multimedia bed was compared with a single-layer sand filter.
The results of the conducted pilot column filter experiments revealed that high pH values were accompanied with high oxidation rates and thus with the creation of Fe flocks, already in the supernatant water. Due to this, at pH 7.8 and 7.1 lower Fe concentrations were detected in the effluent, denoting a higher Fe retention as compared to pH 6.4. Interestingly enough, a relatively deep Fe penetration was observed for every pH value tested. Regarding As removal, it was evidently favored by high pH values owing to the oxidation-floc formation removal mechanism of Fe (homogeneous reaction), which prevailed under those conditions. On the other hand, at pH 6.4 the adsorption-oxidation mechanism was predominant (heterogeneous reaction), which obstructed the AsOB activity. As far as the tested filtration velocities is concerned, they didn’t seem to significantly impact both Fe spread over the bed as well as As removal at the higher pH levels. Nonetheless, this was not the case for pH 6.4, in which the slow flow rate enabled the generation of more and larger Fe flakes (due to sufficient residence time in the supernatant water), which were then retained in the top part of the bed. The high flow rate on the other hand allowed Fe to reach deeper in the filter. Surprisingly, As removal seemed to be improved at 2.5 m/h, despite the Fe flocks accumulation in the upper layers. Possibly, the short experimental times not allowing equilibrium to be reached could comprise a reasonable explanation of this unexpected result. Furthermore, the filtrate recirculation stream didn’t seem to positively influence As removal. The induced dilution effect resulted in a relatively large dispersion of Fe inside the filter bed, however the essentially halved incoming Fe concentration was not sufficient to adsorb the oxidized As(V). Finally, the comparison between the multimedia bed with the single-layer filter reveals a considerably wider Fe dispersion over the bed height in the former case, which in its turn promotes a more efficient As removal. The overall conclusion of the current study is that triple-layer bed filters facilitate a more gradual Fe removal and its deeper penetration in the bed as compared to single-layer filters. This fact stimulates As removal and additionally allows for longer filter run times. Moreover, heterogeneous Fe removal seems to obstruct As oxidation by AsOB and therefore homogeneous reaction can be considered as more favorable in terms of As removal. This specific removal mechanism becomes predominant at pH levels above 7, when sufficient oxygen is available. Lastly, the operational setting of filtrate recirculation back to the filter inlet, displays a negative impact regarding As removal.","Multimedia filtration, Arsenic removal, Iron removal,","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:9012d2b1-b2b2-4529-a12b-b118905c2162","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9012d2b1-b2b2-4529-a12b-b118905c2162","Improving the quality control of Cofra Roller Compaction: A study on the relation between the impact acceleration and the soil compaction","Kalloe, Davini (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Pisanò, Federico (mentor); Broere, Wout (graduation committee); Tsouvalas, Apostolos (graduation committee); Vink, Jan-Willem (mentor); Dijkstra, Jeroen (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Ground improvement in the form of soil compaction plays a important part in reclamation projects. The development of the Cofra Roller Compaction (CRC), a non-circular impact roller, has proven to be valuable in these projects. However, the heterogeneity of the subsoil causes locally a non-uniform degree of compaction. Traditional compaction control tests are limited in measuring depth, expensive and cause time delay. Therefore, the Continuous Compaction Control (CCC) and Continuous Impact Response (CIR)method were developed
in order to provide more real-time information of the compaction based on the response of the drum of the roller. The aim of this study is to develop a semi-empirical energy model which is based on the contact forces of the roller-soil interface as most CCC systems, but also uses field test data as was given in the CIR system to validate this model. The relevant parameters needed for this model were obtained from the field test conducted for the HES Hartel Tank Terminal project in Rotterdam. These included the impact acceleration, the cone resistance, the in situ density, the dynamic modulus and the dynamic plate load test velocity. Two methods are considered in this thesis and both aim to reproduce the measured values from the dynamic plate load test during the field test. The first method considers the acceleration signals and includes double numerical integration of these signals to obtain the displacement, while the other considers modelling the roller as a dynamic plate load test and obtaining the displacement from solving a 2-DOF spring-mass-damper system.
However, after analysis of the motion of the roller, it was observed that due to the non-circular shape of the roller, a wedge effect was created where horizontal shearing forces caused loosening of the soil. This inhibited soil compaction up to 0.5 m depth. The impact acceleration signals were thus not representative of the soil compaction. Nonetheless, the DPL-Soil model was proven to be successful in correlating the soil settlement to the dynamic modulus. This study considers a silty sand, so further research should be carried out to obtain correlations for various soils. In order to develop the semi-empirical energy model, it is thus recommended to capture an accurate acceleration response. This can be done by placing accelerometers at a minimum depth of 0.5 m, replacing the 8G accelerometer with e.g. 16G accelerometer and increasing the sampling rate to at least 1000 Hz. In order to filter out the soil variability, a field test with the roller should be performed on a homogeneous sand without fines. Correlations can then be drawn again for the same field tests performed in this thesis. Finite Element Modelling (FEM) could be used to model the interaction between the non-circular shape of the lobe, the rolling motion and the soil. This might form a better correction method for the acceleration signals than those explained in this thesis. Low frequency geophones can be used to measure the velocity directly. This because low frequency data of the accelerometer should be removed and the roller works on a low frequency. The load imparted to the ground could also be measured directly by burying earth pressure cells at a minimum depth of 0.5m and at various depths to get a more accurate representation of the pressure distribution through the soil layers. By using other numerical integration methods such as Simpson’s 3/8 rule and Boole’s rule, the numerical accuracy of the displacement response of the roller could also be improved.","impact roller; Compaction; acceleration","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:de176138-2620-498d-91da-f5f727388287","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de176138-2620-498d-91da-f5f727388287","""Precise Monitoring of Horizontal Displacement of Large-Scale Structures using Low-Cost Dual Frequency GNSS Receivers""","Lăpădat, Alexandru Mihai (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","Tiberius, Christiaan (mentor); Veljkovic, Milan (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Under urban sprawl the trend of new established complex structures has rapidly increased. In this context maintenance plays a major role and monitoring of such structures represents a first important step in combating disasters. Over the last years low-cost Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) equipment has faced rapid and important development opening a new door to reliable and high accurate positioning applications such as structural health monitoring. This study presents a methodology for gathering, processing and analysing 1 Hz dual frequency GNSS data acquired by a network of newly released low-cost dual frequency GNSS receivers installed on a 90 metres tall steel-concrete structure in order to sense possible wind-induced displacements. At the same time, it represents one of the first studies testing the positioning capabilities of low-cost dual frequency GNSS equipment for monitoring large-scale building infrastructure. The main tools exploited in this study are PPK relative positioning together with a multipath correction procedure based on GPS satellite constellation repeatability. In addition to these, several corrections are discussed and applied on the position estimates in order to achieve millimetre position accuracy, highly needed for sensing wind-induced displacements of large-scale structures. By artificially inducing some horizontal deformations it was found that the newly released low-cost dual frequency GNSS receiver can track centimetre order permanent deformations of tall buildings. In the context of not being able to identify strong statistical correlation between possible wind-induced deformations of the case study building and and wind data patterns, the study proves that wind-induced deflections of tall structures might be traceable only if they are larger than the magnitude of the carrier phase multipath effect that is “leaking” in the position estimates.","Low-cost GNSS; Structural Health Monitoring; Multipath; Wind-induced Deformations; Sidereal Day Repeatability; Satellite Geometry","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","","51.999059, 4.373468"
"uuid:972caf56-3621-414b-a582-2561e2a5ff54","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:972caf56-3621-414b-a582-2561e2a5ff54","Reduced Order Model Base Creation with Bayesian Optimization","Turan, Taylan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van der Meer, Frans (mentor); Rocha, I.B.C.M. (graduation committee); Bessa, Miguel (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This research considers the offline training stage of the Reduced Order Models (ROM), that has been getting attention recently on the endeavor to come up with efficient solutions for the highly complex numerical models. In this work, a simply supported beam problem has been considered, for which a reduced basis creation has been investigated. Reduced basis creation is in utmost importance for the accuracy and reliability of the ROM. Main focus is on the efficient parameter sampling strategies to enrich the reduced basis, which brings forth computational burden. To decrease this burden, a statistical tool Gaussian Processes Regression (GPR) based Bayesian Optimization (BO) is utilized. These tools are used to create a surrogate function of error indicator that is used to select additional training points for ROM. Results of this work show that randomness in the proposed procedure influences parameter sampling but does not have an impact on the overall accuracy. Finally, this work suggests further work on creation of a stopping criteria and finding a method of storing previous information and combining it with current information regarding training points without losing information. With the help of proposed further research topics, this work intends to be used as a foundation for efficient reduced basis construction.","Bayesian Optimization; Reduced Order Model; Gaussian Process","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:7696b7ff-9b63-48fc-bb62-a6bef611cfef","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7696b7ff-9b63-48fc-bb62-a6bef611cfef","Fish-as-a-Service in the north sea: Sustainable fishery in OWF","van Ham, Sebastiaan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Zijlstra, Kije (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Hulten, Chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Laghmouchi, Kamal (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Verschuyl, Paulien (Wageningen University & Research); Jagt, Milan (Wageningen University & Research)","Voorendt, M.Z. (mentor); Leijten, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The use of the North Sea has transitioned into an intensely used industrial area, with the climate agreement as a driving force. The Paris agreement demands countries to change their main energy resources from oil, coal and gas to renewable resources such as wind. The Dutch government chose to use the space offshore for the development of wind farms. These developments require a durable collaboration between the various stakeholders in the North Sea. Tensions exist between the different stakeholders in the North Sea, and the projected developments are expected to pressure these relationships even further. The need for shared multi-use areas grows as the North Sea is used more and more intensely. This report presents a multidisciplinary design for an artificially enhanced fisheries system within an offshore wind farm (OWF). The goal of this design is to provide a nature inclusive solution to increasing pressure on the fishing industry by the growing offshore wind sector. The possible implementation of a fishing industry within OWFs was analysed. This resulted in a number of applicable solution spaces. A notable solution was the Fish-as-a-Service concept, which resolves several issues that currently hinder the development of multi-purpose OWFs. In this solution, a company would fulfil the role of managing the fisheries in OWFs without the need for wind farm clients to actively partake in the fishing industry. Five target species were selected that could be harvested from an artificial reef system within an OWF. These species were European lobster, Brown crab, Atlantic cod, European seabass and Cuttlefish. The selection of these species was made based on economic interest, ecological interest, the potential for non-intrusive fishing methods and previous successes in other studies and/or projects. These species formed the basis of further ecological and financial examinations. Based on the biological and technical criteria following from the stakeholder and biological analysis, the most suitable wind farm site where an artificially enhanced fishing area could be implemented was selected. It was concluded that the Borssele Wind Farm Zones 1 and 2 would be the most suitable sites. The bathymetry, soil conditions, seabed dynamics and metocean data were further analysed in order to create a design for the artificial reef. A range of possible reef concepts were developed, including loose rock revetment, placed block revetment, layer cakes, biohuts, block reefs, layered pipes, shipwrecks and decommissioned oil or gas platforms. These concepts were verified for their operability and whether they met the requirements for bio-enhanced fisheries. Three preliminary designs for an artificial reef system in the Borssele OWF were made based on these reef concepts and the circumstances at the site. Of these designs, the most desirable one includes block reefs, natural stones, layer cakes, decommissioned oil or gas platforms and shipwrecks in order to promote biodiversity and yield as much biomass as possible. An Ecopath with Ecosim model was designed using available literature studies. This model was used to predict the amount of biomass produced in an OWF with and without hard substrate. An immense biomass increase in the target species European lobster (2.157.265%) and Brown crab (857.281%) was predicted with the addition of hard substrate. additionally, target species Atlantic cod and cuttlefish showed an increase of 1897% and 175% respectively. Surprisingly, European seabass was predicted to decrease with 93%. The estimated biomass was included in a study in the strengths and weaknesses of the business opportunities based on the Fish-as-a-Service concept. Costs and revenues throughout the lifetime of the sustainable fishery were taken into account, resulting in a final investment advice. The PERTH method was used to account for the uncertainty of estimating the costs of such a project. A detailed cash flow analysis was carried out in order to present a clear view on the different financial scenarios. The cash flow analysis showed a final Net Present Value (NPV) at year 25 of values between 3000 and 6000 mln EUR. This shows the profitability of the proposed design, with an Internal Rate of Return after tax of 69,90%.","Sustainable fishery; fish-as-a-service; OWF; Widn Farm; Multi-purpose; Aquaculture and Marine Resource Management","en","student report","","","","","","End report of our multi disciplinary project ""Healthy Fish""","","","","","","","MDP305: Healthy Fish",""
"uuid:d0c5ccdc-6d02-491a-ae69-87adfef2fa35","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d0c5ccdc-6d02-491a-ae69-87adfef2fa35","Rainfall Analysis through GPS SNR data in Uganda and The Netherlands: Additional Thesis","Roosenbrand, Esther (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van de Giesen, Nick (mentor); Verhagen, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","Gathering accurate and reliable precipitation data is essential in developing countries, since it applied to a wide range of applications, from improving short term weather models to global climate change research. The most common way of acquiring rainfall measurements is the rain gauge. However, this traditional measurement equipment requires frequent visits from researchers, due to the clogging risks as well as the risk of being easily tampered with by unauthorized people. This makes it impractical and expensive to create a extensive network of these rain gauges, whilst the demand for the precipitating data remains high. A measurement equipment type which is more suitable for this remote and independent requirement for precipitation measurement in developing countries is GPS, since an aspect of GPS measurements is the possibility to use the equipment in relatively remote conditions, with little human interference necessary. In addition to this, due to the nature of GPS measurements, rain is expected to be an important component in GPS data, as a disruptive to the signal, a variable found in the Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR). Considering the above, GPS seems like a good alternative to the traditional rain gauge for precipitationmeasurements. During this additional thesis, the question whether GPS can be used reliably for precipitation data, will be answered. During a measuring campaign in Uganda from September to November in 2018, GPS data was gathered near precipitation measurement locations from TWIGA’s School-2-School initiative. For the processing, graphs of the SNR and precipitation of the same days and locations were created and were visually inspected to see if a relationship or correlation was present. From these graphs this relationship between SNR and precipitation was not immediately clear. The nature of the SNR can be caused by a multitude of reasons and variables and unless the correlation is very strong between variables, this correlation will not be very clear from just a visual inspection of these SNR and precipitation graphs. To untangle these variables, correlationmatrices were used, where the variables can be looked at in pairs and instead of as quadruplets (or more). From the correlation matrix of the Ugandan data is is clear that correlation between precipitation and SNR is not significant, as it is similar to the correlation with a randomly generated variable. A slight correlation is present, however, with the GPS elevation angle. During processing, data from Cabauw (the Netherlands) was used as an extra data set to compensate for the small amount of rain in the Ugandan data. This processing followed the same procedure as was applied with the Ugandan data; visual inspection of the SNR and precipitation graphs and generating a correlationmatrix. In the Dutch data the relationship between the SNR and the precipitation was still small, however, larger than in the Ugandan data. Nonetheless, the correlation between the SNR and the elevation was very strong. In conclusion, from both the Ugandan and Dutch data, the correlation between precipitation and SNR is not strong enough, or in other words, using GPS data to approximate rainfall, is not achievable using the methods applied and resources used during this additional thesis.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:1dcb4e17-bc41-4529-8303-414deb07f330","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1dcb4e17-bc41-4529-8303-414deb07f330","Deployment of Indoor Point Clouds for Firefighting Strategy","Morlighem, Camille (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); CHATZIDIAKOS, Charalampos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Feenstra, Jos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Schendel, Max (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hurkmans, Robin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Verbree, E. (mentor); Voûte, R.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","The Deployment of Indoor Point Clouds for Firefighting Strategy project was realised as a Synthesis Project of the Geomatics Master Programme of the Built Environment Faculty at the Technical University of Delft. This project was executed by a team of five Master students in collaboration with the Dutch response team collective Veiligheidsregio Rotterdam-Rijnmond. The objective of this project is to develop an information system that makes use of indoor data to support tactical decision-making during fire emergency responses. The main challenge that response teams are facing when they develop deployment plans is the lack of appropriate information about indoor spaces. As a result, response teams may end up relying on inaccurate assumptions which can lead to dangerous situations. New technologies such as SLAM devices and augmented reality displays, combined with processing techniques, can be used to supply them with the information needed to make the right choices. The result of this project is a prototypical information system containing an interactive, 3D environment that can receive updates, merge data from different data sources, and accommodate mixed reality information sharing in real-time.","Augmented Reality; Emergency Response; Fire Safety","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2020",""
"uuid:10df33c4-6512-4e4f-b1fb-0a7e4353a39a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:10df33c4-6512-4e4f-b1fb-0a7e4353a39a","Mengeste","Paoletti, Antonio (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Pasveer, Casper (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wallace, Gavin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Mota, Nelson (mentor); van Andel, F.M. (mentor); Mooij, H.A.F. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2020","This graphic novel is the result of a micro-ethnographic research to Kechene, a district of Addis Ababa. Using graphic techniques borrowed from the architecture discipline, this graphic novel aims at bringing together representations of everyday life in the Kechene sefer (neighbourhood), that show how human life shapes its environment and vice versa. This graphic novel not only represents the architectural qualities and spatial relationships, but also reveals the hidden narratives of ordinary stories.
The graphic novel is complemented with a research booklet, which includes some of the key research findings that support the narrative used in the graphic novel. The research booklet is structured as a series of commented images reporting the research methods and the analysis that lead to the elaboration of the graphic novel
For the computations daily-mean values of the surface currents are used, retrieved from the Mercator global ocean model. 2D particles trajectories are simulated for a year, with a 3rd party Python toolbox for Lagrangian simulation of particles: OceanParcels. Particles released from any location in the North Sea eventually get trapped in the Norwegian Coastal Current (NCC). From here they are being further advected to the North, at different moments in time for the particles released at different locations. The coastal processes in the NCC are mainly linked to wind and stratification, hence variations in ow patterns near the coast are linked to the seasons. When these ow pattern include large scale eddies, the particles follow a meandering and erratic path. Floating plastic particles released in the North Sea will flow northwards along the coast of Norway. Eventually those particles will end up in the Arctic region or get
trapped in the Norwegian fjords, independently of the location of release. However, the time scale of the northward advection depends both on where the particle has been released and the environmental conditions.
The classification presented in this paper provides a different perspective on the
subject. It is structured like a toolbox, containing a clear classification of the technical working principles that plants use to generate motion. With the working principles abstracted, it is no longer necessary to dive deep into the inner workings of plants.
The Scopus and Web of Science databases have been systematically searched for
compliant plant movements. Plants mainly move by reallocating water, either actively via osmosis or passively via hygroscopic tissue. In compliant plant mechanisms, these basic movement initiators bring about deformations of plant parts. These movements are classified according to their goal: does the plant move quasi-static or dynamic? And does the plant only use a mechanism or does it rely on the gradual storage and fast release of elastic energy as well? Quasi-static movements are often only mechanical and reversible, while dynamic movements rely on energy storage and are often irreversible due to their failure-based release. A bilayer structure in one form or another is present in almost all mechanisms, proving its large adaptability to various circumstances. This
adaptability is achieved by the various configurations of the two layers, including
fibre-orientation and cellular set-up.
Existing bio-inspired devices are classified according to the same system. This
enables identification of plant mechanisms that are already suited for implementation and exposes plant movements that are not yet used in the human world. Additionally, a lot could be gained from copying mechanisms on a cellular level rather than on a macroscopic level. Most importantly, a change in mindset needs to happen in order to fully benefit the intricate mechanisms that the plant world has to offer.
The goal of this report is to answer the following question: to what extend is the power plant protected during extreme weather conditions and what improvements are needed to ensure that the power plant can remain operational during these extreme weather conditions?
To determine what the hydrodynamic and meteorological effects are of a extreme weather event such as a tropical cyclone, a synthetic tropical cyclone is created. This synthetic hurricane must generate large significant waves in combination with a big storm surge, to have severe impact on the CTE. It must also have a significant probability of occurrence. To determine this normative synthetic hurricane, multiple synthetic hurricanes are simulated in Delft3D and XBeach and their corresponding return period is determined. As Irma significantly damaged the CTE, this hurricane is taken as the basis for all synthetic hurricane combinations. The hurricanes each vary from Irma in maximum wind velocities, forward speeds and their tracks.
To simulate the physics of hurricane Irma, a spiderweb grid is created at the locations of the hourly best track of Irma. This is then used in the Delft3D model as input for the pressure and wind fields of the hurricane. The output of the Delft3D model is validated with recorded data of observations stations in the Gulf of Mexico. Recorded water levels and wind speeds of buoys near Key West are used for validation. XBeach is used to simulate the nearshore physical processes. XBeach can more accurately predict wave propagation and includes higher order processes in its simulation. As input for the XBeach model, the output of the Delft3D model is used.
After running all the synthetic hurricanes in Delft3D, the five resulting normative hurricanes are run in XBeach. The synthetic hurricane that creates the largest significant wave heights at the project area is taken as a basis for the final design. This normative hurricane gives a maximum significant wave height of 8.8 m with a corresponding storm surge of 1.61 m at the location of the CTE.
With these values a research on the current defense wall is done. Ultimately for a part of the sea defense an adjustment on the existing defense wall is proposed. A second but lower vertical wall with a bigger bullnose is placed in front of the existing one. This creates a triangular shaped stilling basin, from which the water can flow out at the seaside of the wall. For the other part of the sea defense no adjustments on the wall are proposed but an improvement of the existing drainage capacity is proposed. The existing drainage channel, which lies behind this section, is widened and deepened. Additionally, a drainage wall is built around the powerplant, which diverts the overland flow caused by intense rainfall into the drainage channel.
Three miniature CPTs are designed with diameters of 4, 7.5 and 9.5 millimeters. Each design has certain applications and can be used in specific scenarios. All three designs include modular load cells and sub-parts that can be replaced and altered. Each proposed device consists of a modular load cell designed based on required material properties to experience a minimum amount of 500 micro-strain without buckling. The first design, with a cone diameter of 4 millimeters, can be used in any container with a minimum width of 12 centimeters and for soil samples with a maximum average grain size of 200 micrometers. The second design, with a cone diameter of 7.5 millimeters, can be used in containers with a minimum width of 22.5 centimeters and is applicable to soil samples with a maximum average grain size of 270 micrometers. The final design, with a diameter of 9.5 millimeters, is meant to be used in sample containers of widths above 28.5 centimeters and for soil samples with a maximum average grain size of 340 micrometers. The designs are then evaluated with regards to manufacturing costs and feasibility. An estimation is made based on previously designed and patented devices and material catalogues provided by manufacturers. The cost of the first two designs are estimated to amount to 1580 to 2080 Euros, whereas the third design is estimated to cost 3080 to 3580 euros due to temperature compensated pore-pressure sensor that is included in the design. Upon further evaluation, the first design with a diameter of 4 millimeters is chosen as the most feasible and practical concept due to applicability and practicality of the design.","Cone Penetration Test; CPT; Centrifuge modelling; Design Proposal","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:27ce0846-0a5a-49e1-b169-10352d0830c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:27ce0846-0a5a-49e1-b169-10352d0830c6","Calibration of optical backscatter sensor for measurements of sediment transport through the Marsdiep inlet","Bertoncelj, Vesna (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Environmental Fluid Mechanics)","van der Molen, Johan (mentor); Katsman, Caroline (mentor); de Schipper, Matthieu (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In highly dynamic and vulnerable tidal systems such as the Wadden Sea, the importance of understanding natural processes and how they are hampered by anthropogenic pressure is highly demanding. Within these processes the sediment transport is one of the most challenging movements to be monitored. With this in mind, suspended particulate matter (SPM) transport in the Marsdiep inlet, the southeastern most tidal inlet in the Dutch Wadden Sea, is monitored with high frequency acoustic backscattering measurements obtained with acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) on Texels Eigen Stoomboot Onderneming (TESO) ferry. The calibration of ADCP measurements is practiced with another device - optical backscatter sensor (OBS). In order to obtain reliable suspended particulate matter concentration (SPMC) measurements, the first step is to calibrate OBS output with high precision. Based on the studies done in the past, the calibration needs to be done locally and regularly as the OBS is sensitive to the variability of SPM properties. The objective of the present study is to formulate an improved OBS calibration method with in situ water samples taken from the Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (NIOZ) jetty. This was achieved by applying pumping suction method to collect the water samples while measuring optical backscattering signal with Campbell Scientific OBS3+ device. Subsampling of the water samples was tested and the results revealed that subsampling leads to undesirable outcome. Procedural control filters that were applied to the laboratory procedure showed filter mass loss that needs to be taken into the account, and the analysis of salt retention showed 1.06 mg of salt remaining on the filters after filtration procedure. Moreover, loss on ignition (LOI) technique revealed the amount of organic content of SPMC which is linearly correlated to full SPMC. The analysis of spring-neap tidal cycle showed that during neap tide there was 0:5 mg l-1 more organic SPMC compared to the one during spring tide. Finally, the sources of uncertainties were identified and the guidance for further research was suggested.","Optical backscatter sensor; OBS; Marsdiep inlet; OBS calibration; Suspended Particulate Matter; SPM; Sediment transport; Wadden Sea; Loss on ignition","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","53.001775, 4.789047"
"uuid:85668e0e-d04a-418d-94a9-d5659dbaac86","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:85668e0e-d04a-418d-94a9-d5659dbaac86","Impact of Wrong Ambiguity Fixing on GNSS Positioning","Meng, Fancong (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Verhagen, S. (mentor); van der Wal, Wouter (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been developed in recent several decades, which provides a new technique for timing, positioning and navigation. And GNSS positioning is a basic service to us, both in daily life and scientific research. During high-precise positioning, ambiguity resolution is a key factor that has a huge influence on the accuracy of the result. And the wrong fixing is themain source of lose of accuracy, so many methods of test are proposed to validate the fixing result. We are interested in the performance of solutions that have been labeled as wrong fixing, and want to check if those wrong fixings should be excluded or accepted during estimation.
At firstwe introduce the basic model and challenges of ambiguity fixing, aswell as the widely usedmethod integer least squares and Z-transformation. Some previous research of distribution of fixed solution also enables us to compute the bounds of baseline residual. Then we focus on an example to do some pre-research, and find out the main research question - how to accept wrong fixing during estimation and the impact under different scenarios or estimation methods. We use a simulation-basedmethod to do the research but the
measurements are generated based on the real ephemeris in certain day.
After giving the double difference measurement model based on code and phase with respect to single or dual frequencies, in short baseline scenario, we define some parameters 1-norm, infinity-norm, weighted 2-norm, and good/bad performance of wrong fixings that might be useful for analysis. And some detailed information in chosen epochs are shown with multiple figures and we derive those which are helpful, such as infinity-normratio. Then we develop 4 validation methods, Infinity-normratio detection (RD),Weighted 2-norm detection (WD), 1-norm baseline residual detection (BD1) and Infinity-norm baseline residual detection (BDi), to check if we could recognize wrong fixings with good performance from all wrong fixings.
We also compute some statistics, such as the success rate of detection, the rate of misdiagnose, and the rate of participation to see whether our validation methods are effective or not. The histogram of wrong fixing or correct fixing corresponds the existed research of distribution well. And the time series analysis also proves the reliability of our validation methods, although there exist some errors due to the small sample size of simulations.
We also apply the multi-epoch least squares and Kalman filter to see the influence of fixing success rate, standard deviation of horizontal residuals, residual bounds and performance of wrong fixings. We find that there are obvious improvements on all of them. An extra experiment is designed to see the impact of atmospheric delays and the results show that it is really different from short baseline scenarios and we need to find more proper threshold to make sure our validation methods work.
Finally, we could draw a conclusion that it is possible to find out wrong fixings that could be accepted, but the threshold for each validation method should be adaptive for different scenarios and Kalman filter is very reliable, with which the wrong fixing is always likely to be excluded during the estimation.","GNSS DD positioning; ambiguity fixing; wrong fixing; validation method; Kalman filter; ime series analysis","en","student report","","","","","","Additional Thesis AES4011-10","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:b3b6341a-d9d3-4ebc-af11-b035ae2f66e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3b6341a-d9d3-4ebc-af11-b035ae2f66e4","Feasibility study of flushing To Lich River with Red River water through West Lake","Holland, Bram (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Abrahamse, Noor (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van den Brekel, Evelien (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Voort Maarschalk, Joost (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Keunen, Oscar (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Janssen, Pauline (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bogaard, T.A. (mentor); Gebert, J. (mentor); Mosselman, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The goal of this study is to examine the feasibility of this solution, from a water quality and hydraulic point of view. Firstly, the current state of the three water bodies was investigated and a stakeholder analysis was conducted to look into the social and political context. Secondly, the effect of the solution on the water quality in the WL and TLR was researched. The most important water quality parameters were qualitatively discussed and after that, the quantitatively changes in the WL were modelled. A convection-diffusion model was set up for different parameter concentrations in R. The initial parameter concentrations were gathered by field measurements and extensive online research. The water quality assessment shows that the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), turbidity and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) concentrations in the RR have a better value than in the WL. The model itself shows for every parameter that after 100 days of mixing the water is not completely mixed in the WL. The water in the TLR is flushed with WL water and its quality is therefore more or less equal to WL water. It is concluded that the proposed solution improves the water quality in the WL and the TLR. However, long and frequent mixing is necessary for the WL water to reach the RR water quality level. Thirdly, a hydraulic analysis was carried out by investigating the hydrological and geometrical characteristics of the three water bodies. Thereafter, the hydraulic impact was examined by comparing six different flushing scenarios.The flow, water depth and sediment transport rates for different time intervals were modelled in R over the distance of the TLR. A Multi Criteria Analysis was done to interpret the results on the consequences in the TLR. The outcome of the optimum scenario is when the gate has an opening height of 5%. The total transported sediment volume is significantly larger in this scenario, which is beneficial. From a hydraulic perspective the proposed solution is feasible for all water bodies. However, more extensive research on for example the impact on the hydraulics in the TLR is needed to get more conclusive results. As a spin-off, our project (co-)developed educational tools that can be used within the HUNRE curriculum and as awareness raising activities in Hanoi with citizens, schools and the like. Fieldwork with Vietnamese students was conducted to start with building a data base on water quality of the water bodies in Hanoi. The tools that are created are manuals, instruction videos and an introduction lecture. Furthermore, the database, that is built, can be extended with more fieldwork in the future. The extent to which the educational tools and the database integrate in the study program of HUNRE remains unsure, however the awareness among Vietnamese students on the importance of water quality has increased. Furthermore, the OKP project strives to realize the integration of the educational tools in the future. Therefore, this research objective is expected to be achieved.","Water management; Hydraulic Engineering; Education; Vietnam","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:d03db8a6-7cbb-4ac4-884c-142429fd85f2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d03db8a6-7cbb-4ac4-884c-142429fd85f2","Influence of 3D City Layout on Air Quality","Lánský, Imke (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ceccarelli, Giulia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Mastorakis, Konstantinos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Jongh, Wessel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Li, Jinglan (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Garcia Sanchez, C. (mentor); Stoter, J.E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In 2021, noise pollution monitoring will be mandatory in the Netherlands, which requires data on traffic that can be re-used for air quality estimation models. One of the important input parameters for the latter is the street type, which is required by the dilution parametrisation used within the air quality model.
The goal of this project is to show whether automatic street classification for air quality estimation is feasible and reliable, considering the geo-spatial data currently available in The Netherlands. The motivation for this project originates from the common data used in noise and air quality monitoring tools by the Dutch National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, (RIVM).
Currently, street classification is performed manually by many municipalities. The larger municipalities are legally obliged to monitor air quality levels, which makes use of the street types. Automating the process by using existing datasets can save a lot of time, costs, and resources, while providing standardised results in comparison to manual classification. In addition, our method is extendable to the whole of the Netherlands. Consequently, our method can have a large societal impact, since it allows the provision of air quality estimations for all municipalities; even those that are not yet required to do so. To our knowledge, no similar work has been conducted in this field, which made it even a bigger challenge.
The implementation of the automatic classification algorithm, which is thoroughly explained in this re- port, shows very promising results. We first tested the approaches in a small area, the Weesperstraat in Amsterdam, where we have success rates from 76.7% to 83.3% for the different classification methods when compared to the NSL classification. After evaluating the performance of each of the methods, the optimal approach has been tested on larger areas where visual inspection shows a priori promising results as well.
In addition to the automatic classification algorithm, air quality measurements with new Flow sensors from Plume Labs were performed in the city of Amsterdam. The goal was to investigate whether different street types can be identified through the use of small air quality sensors. The limited measurements did not provide distinct patterns for the different street types, and therefore identification based on pollutant concentrations was not possible within the project.
We hope that the results of this project will motivate public bodies and agencies in the Netherlands to invest in automated workflows using currently available and high accuracy geo-spatial data. This can potentially improve their efficiency, while creating a more standardised and scalable framework.","synthesis; 3d geodata; air pollution","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2019",""
"uuid:52460e77-d63e-4233-8d5b-aa7840423273","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:52460e77-d63e-4233-8d5b-aa7840423273","Seperation of coseismic and postseismic signals of Sumatra Andaman earthquake and Indian Ocean earthquake","Vummidi, Narayanee (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Riva, Riccardo (mentor); Broerse, Taco (mentor); van der Wal, Wouter (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The gravity field changes associated with the earthquake are analysed using the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) data. GRACE data can track the temporal variations in the gravity field and therefore information on mass redistribution can be achieved. There have been many studies already carried out using the GRACE data to analyse the coseismic and postseismic effects of the earthquakes. The previous studies mainly concentrated on the separation of the earthquake signals from various other signals and noises to understand the internal mass redistribution. In this work two recent past earthquakes have been considered. Sumatra-Andaman earthquake that occurred on 26th December 2004 with a magnitude of Mw 9.1. The other major earthquake that has been taken into account is the off coast Northern Sumatra earthquake (also called as Indian Ocean earthquake) which occurred on 11th April 2012 with a magnitude of Mw 8.6. A new initiative has been taken to separate the long term postseismic term (2004 earthquake) from the coseismic term and the effects of the 2012 earthquake (both the postseismic and coseismic effect). This decoupling process was done using the GRACE monthly solutions of spherical harmonics. Gravity disturbances were calculated from GRACE monthly solutions to understand the internal mass redistribution.
Four main recommendations were made to help improve farmer welfare with respect to the scope specified. It was recommended to: limit promotion and to be more selective and positive with the message; focus on localized water storage interventions to increase farmers' access to water; regulate cotton prices through government intervention or contracts with clothing companies to decrease vulnerability to price changes; and improve access to loans from the government and reduce the role of money lenders who often are the ones charging the greatest interest rates.","India; Water management; Maharashtra; Cotton; Smallholders; Intervention Design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Project Cotton Water","20.7, 78.6"
"uuid:c43ae5b1-1856-408f-ae2b-fc4cfb0109d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c43ae5b1-1856-408f-ae2b-fc4cfb0109d3","Nuevo Ferroviario Rio Biobío: Hydraulic and structural study for the new railway bridge to investigate the influence of river morphodynamics and tsunami impact on the structural stability of the bridge pier","Wellen, Fleur (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Winkel, Sander (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Vrinds, Thijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Voort, Tjalie (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Zitman, T.J. (mentor); Pasterkamp, S. (mentor); van Nederveen, G.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In Chile, the Biobío river separates the cities of Concepción and San Pedro de la Paz. Bridges crossing the Biobío river ensure a fast and dependable connection, which contributes to the transport options in the region. With the Biobío region being the second largest contributor to the country's GDP, an unreliable transport network is highly undesirable. However, this is exactly what happened since 2016. Some of the bridges crossing the river collapsed, excessive local pier scour near the foundation and negative effects of morphological dynamics were deemed to be one of the causes. Furthermore, Chile is prone to earthquakes and the resulting tsunamis, which can also damage the structural integrity of the bridge. The Chilean Railroad Agency (EFE) wants to realise a new railroad bridge crossing the Biobío river in Concepción, replacing the existing century old railway bridge. To prevent the failure of the new railway bridge, which can result in unnecessary economic damages, the morphological influence and damages due to scour, earthquakes and tsunamis, must be thoroughly understood and modelled. This process of modelling the current and future situations of the Biobío river is part of this project, using Delft3D-FLOW and NeoWave as modelling agents. With the outcomes the programme of requirements and the preliminary design for the bridge are updated and presented.","River; Bridge; Morphodynamics; Tsunami; Delft3D; NeoWave; ArcGIS; Earthquake; Modelling; Floodwave; Sedimentation; Rio Biobío","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project","-36.828767, -73.078578"
"uuid:137bcd31-1af7-4c91-ad91-bfcafc7865ae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:137bcd31-1af7-4c91-ad91-bfcafc7865ae","A realistic simulation of Leipzig Wind Profile","Dai, Yi (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Basu, Sukanta (mentor); Garcia Sanchez, Clara (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Over the years, the Leipzig Wind Profile observed under near neutral condition has been considered as an essential benchmark for idealized friction layer models. However, the general weather condition for the Leipzig Wind Profile still remains a mystery after nearly 90 years. In order to simulate this event and try to recreate the weather conditions at that time, the WRF model driven by two types of reanalysis data setting up with two domains is launched. The model captures the wind physics well, except for a small deviation around 800 meters. Additionally, the simulated surface friction velocity and surface heat flux at Leipzig are close to the validation value. The simulated temperature slope at Lindenberg has some deviation compared to the documented value, which may be caused by the vertical coarse resolution and sensitive temperature fluctuations over the height. Moreover, there may have been rain or drizzle when the observation took place and this may have contributed to the near neutral condition feature. A finer resolution simulation could be run to investigate this further","Leipzig; WRF; Friction layer","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:e90049b4-d975-423e-a7be-9851dd436fc6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e90049b4-d975-423e-a7be-9851dd436fc6","How to explain sustainability: the future of urban planning researched through health","Kortman, Anne Sophie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wagenaar, C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The attempts made in history to design livable sustainable neighborhoods, have created dependency instead on motorized transportation and have increased the pressure of the city, leading to unsustainable environments and causing global climate change. To accomplish sustainability we introduce a new vision to explain what sustainability means in the built environment and how we can identify ourselves more with the term sustainability. In this thesis we explore therefore policies and strategies where the urban environment and public health meet each other. We believe that by increasing public health, a sustainable environment will be the result. To translate this into urban design, we suggest to design from the neighborhood, the building block of the city. By transforming neighborhoods into a network of healthy places we research how we can increase the quality (livability) of neighborhoods to increase public health, wellbeing and sustainability in the built environment.","urban planning; Sustainabilty; public health; neighborhood; design; Sustainable Development Goals; placemaking; Network design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:70b0b406-b247-4212-8e66-02534935b815","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:70b0b406-b247-4212-8e66-02534935b815","Random Forest Classification of three different species of trees in Delft, based on AHN point clouds: Additional Thesis","van Dongen, Kirsten (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lindenbergh, Roderik (mentor); Nan, Liangliang (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Trees are an important aspect of the world around us, and play a sufficient role in our daily lives. They contribute to human health and well-being in various ways. Tree inventory and monitoring are of great interest for biomass estimations and changes in the purifying effect on the air. It is a very time consuming and cost inefficient way to check every tree in and around a city or town, therefore there is further research required in the use of AHN data. Together with the “tree information data set” formthemunicipality ofDelft, the location and the corresponding point cloud of tree different species of trees are selected. For the species of interest, Aesculus Hippocastanum, Acer Saccharinum and Platanus x Hispanica, different characteristics are determined. In this research six different characteristics are estimated; Height, Trunk Height, Normalized Trunk Height, Canopy Projected Area, Normalized Canopy Projected Area, Ratio of Diameters, Normalized Ratio of Diameter, Centre of Gravity and at least the Normalized Centre of Gravity. These characteristics are used as features for the Random Forest Classification, Consequently the Confusion Matrix is used as performance measurement. The results of a test of 30 pointclouds, per species of interest, show that the Random Forest Classification is able to classify individual trees. However, these three different species cannot by sufficiently classified using clustering.","AHN; tree classification; laser point data","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:6edb3603-31e3-4c21-8fed-774bc4ea54d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6edb3603-31e3-4c21-8fed-774bc4ea54d4","Port of Rotterdam Intertidal wetland: Final Report","Bushell, Terry (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Jin, Yueyuan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Huang, Haoxi","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The Port of Rotterdam has many old harbours located close to the Rotterdam city center that are no longer suitable to be used for industrial purposes. Meanwhile due to expansion and population growth of the city, more recreational spaces are needed. The idea is to use the abundant dredged material from the Port of Rotterdam to fill in and construct intertidal wetland parks in some of these old harbours. They will serve as natural habitats for different types of flora and fauna such as migratory birds. These intertidal parks are also ideal recreational spaces for residents. This multidisciplinary project aims to provide a conceptual design of a tidal wetland in the Maashaven harbour. In this report, a general design is presented, and special attention is paid to technical issues that may occur in the construction process.","dredged sediment consolidation; wetland construction; conceptual design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MDP291",""
"uuid:3259e6dd-8bf5-43f8-a6ed-d56d85f5eb29","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3259e6dd-8bf5-43f8-a6ed-d56d85f5eb29","Finite Element Modeling of Hardwood Fracture Energy","Boerenveen, Jair (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Ravenshorst, Geert (mentor); Esposito, Rita (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The fracture energy for hardwood was modeled using finite element modeling (FEM) software DIANA. The results of the model was compared to the fracture energy experimental research performed by Boerenveen (2019). The fracture energy results obtained by the model are similar to the results obtained from the experimental research. An model fracture energy over tested fracture energy ratio of 1.02 was found.","Fracture; Energy; Timber","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:752f180e-1db7-4dcc-ada5-dffabf505125","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:752f180e-1db7-4dcc-ada5-dffabf505125","Identification of the Hierarchy in Public Transport Networks based on Passenger Flow Patterns","Wang, Ziyulong (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Cats, Oded (mentor); Verma, Trivik (graduation committee); Luo, Ding (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In this study, a data-driven, generic and transfer-based methodology for separation and ranking the PTNs has been put forward. With the hierarchy of a network, this is beneficiary for the management and operation of operators for focusing on the higher level network layer and in turn provide better service for passengers. The study introduces three steps to rank the hierarchy of a PTN: (1) using the passenger journey and ride data to derive transfer flow matrix; (2) applying C-space network representation with community detection method to separate and visualize the PTN layer; (3) performing ranking method, regarding inner- and intra- transfer flow. To this end, the hierarchy of a PTN could be presented with temporal attributes. Different day of week and various time period of a day could potentially yield different hierarchy. The proposed unsupervised learning algorithm is based on passenger transfer flow data, independent from geographic location and the mode of transportation. The study shows that the level is changing based on the selected time slot and can be a mixture of different modes, which is dissimilar from the hierarchy purely based on qualitative method.","Hierarchy; Public Transport; Data-Driven","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:9cabca9d-d56b-463c-9ee1-80670dc386d7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9cabca9d-d56b-463c-9ee1-80670dc386d7","Inspecting crossing geometry: Tool development for manual inspections of crossing geometry","Wegdam, Jeroen (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Markine, V.L. (mentor); Liu, X. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Turnouts allow trains to change from one track to another. Therefore, they are an essential part of infrastructure to create and operate a railway network. This project focuses on the (common) crossing; the part of the turnout where the inner rails cross through one another. Because of the shape of the wheels, it is necessary to create a discontinuity in the rail at this location. As a consequence, wheels experience a disturbed support which causes wear, deformation and fatigue on the crossing. In the Netherlands, this problem has a high priority. This is because the Dutch railway network is unique in two ways; it is very dense and it has a high utilisation. Per km2 of land area, the Netherlands has the second highest amount of track length (right after Switzerland). Per km of track, the Netherlands has the second highest amount of passenger kilometres (right after Japan). The consequence is a set of 7000 that are relatively heavy loaded.
In order to extend the lifetime of these crossings, they have to be monitored and maintained. In present practise, some deformations have to be cut off and cracks have to be ground away. This ensures safe wheel passages and prevents fatigue related failures. Such practises are described well, within the current norms.
A less clear topic however, is the maintenance of geometry. Geometry is defined as the cross-sectional shape of the rail. As soon as the geometry of a crossing changes due to deformation and wear, the vehicle behaviour is influenced. Unfavourable geometry can lead to a big amplification of dynamic forces from passing wheelsets. For this reason, maintainers seek for favourable ways to assess and control the shape of worn/deformed crossings.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","Additional thesis project",""
"uuid:bdb1e704-edf7-4be5-acba-704ac7fc536d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bdb1e704-edf7-4be5-acba-704ac7fc536d","Experience on the preparation of HPMC viscous fluid for physical modeling in the geocentrifuge","Quinten, Tristan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Askarinejad, Amin (mentor); Gavin, Kenneth (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Investigating soil response before, during and following large scale, dynamic events like slope failure or impact hammering of monopiles, is challenging. Full scale research into these processes is often conducted in the field, as laboratories don’t offer the required space to conduct these experiments. Apart fromthe monumental costs related to full scale experiments, it is often impossible or impractical to define or portray all boundary conditions, which increases uncertainty. As an alternative to full scale field tests, centrifuge tests on a scaled model are often carried out. When conducting research in the centrifuge, the decrease in geometry is compensated by through the acceleration of the model to N times gravity g. In this way, full scale stress conditions are imposed on the sample. Consequently, the model offers an accurate representation of full scale soil behavior. However, artificial ’gravity’ enhancement impacts a broad range of physical quantities. Scaling laws dictate how physical quantities are affected by conditions in the centrifuge and require careful observation. Yet, the use of scaling laws introduces a discrepancy between the timescale related to dynamic events and diffusive processes. The latter is of particular importance to build-up and dissipation of deviatoric pore fluid pressures. Decreasing the permeability of the soil is generally the best option to eliminate the aforementioned discrepancy. Consequently, instead of water, viscous fluid is used for the centrifuge tests, where the viscosity is increased N times with respect to water. Over the years, various fluids have been developed and utilized in centrifuge experiments. A widely used fluid, consists of aqueous solutions (Hydroxypropyl) Methylcellulose or (HP)MC in short. HPMC molecules form polymeric chains which increase viscosity while largely maintaining the density of the solvent, water. These favorable properties make it a highly sought-after substitute for water in centrifuge experiments. Experience with the fabrication and use of (HP)MC solutions is limited at the centrifuge facility of Delft University of Technology. As part of an initiative to develop in-house knowledge relating to the aforementioned points for physical modeling purposes, this research presents a robust fabrication methodology and maps the viscous properties of HPMC solutions, fabricated usingMethocel® F4M, at various concentrations. Results indicate that advocated preparation methodology enables the fabrication of viscous fluids in the range of 10 to 100 mPa ¢ s of consistent quality. However, overall, the viscosities of the fluids created along the lines of the presented methodology are consistently more viscous than anticipated. Several hypotheses aimed explaining the discrepancy are drafted. However, the nature of the underlying cause remains a topic of debate. Furthermore, it is observed that the HPMC fluids express a substantial degree of shear thinning at high shear rates. The relative decrease in viscosity increases with concentration, causing the viscosities of fluids of different concentration to gradually converge at high shear rates. The latter stresses the importance of quantifying expected shear rates beforehand to prevent behavioral inconsistencies between model and prototype. However, under some circumstances, it is doubtful whether the use of viscous fluids created from Methocel® F4M is suitable to study prototype behavior. In an attempt to facilitate drafting of appropriate recipes for the fabrication of viscous fluid, a general expression is presented to calculate the required concentration, provided the desired viscosity and anticipated shear rate. This generic expression provides adequately describes the experimental data, but requires further tuning in order to fully fulfill its intended purpose. Nonetheless, it provides a valuable indication of the required concentration to obtain a fluid with sought-after properties; thereby shortening the time spent on drafting the ideal fluid recipe.","HPMC; Methylcellulose; Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose; Viscous fluid; Methocel; Shear thinning; Physical modelling; Centrifuge modelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geo-Engineering","",""
"uuid:5b545322-7405-4d80-b498-3ff06651fdb2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5b545322-7405-4d80-b498-3ff06651fdb2","AMA diffused: Reorganising the built environment in an emerging knowledge economy","den Ouden, Floor (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); VIRVIDAKI, IOANNA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kalyan, Kavya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Zarzoso Hueck, Lucas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Wandl, Alex (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (AMA) is characterized by its strong performing economy and its high liveability standards, making the region an attractive place to live and work in. However, the AMA’s spatial structure and social geography have come under increased pressure. Unprecedented population growth as well as economic activity is concentrated within the AMA’s epicentre, and dichotomies in the social fabric are becoming more evident. Simultaneously, the region’s natural landscape is under threat due to fragmentation of green space, and an increase of the built-up environment, especially in Amsterdam. In order to relieve pressure from the AMA’s epicentre while preserving the original landscape, flows of working and living environments need to be redistributed, and new ways of arranging the local economy and the built environment need to be uncovered. To achieve this, this report suggests a more polycentric structure for the AMA, while also drawing upon the knowledge economy as an economic system that is more inclusive and may facilitate the dispersion of population and economic pressure on the region’s epicentre. In order to accommodate the AMA’s growing population, this report suggests the implementation of the ‘built environment as a service’, a more circular approach of utilizing (existing) space. Additionally, an in-depth analysis of Almere is presented in which location-specific strategies are articulated to make the region more economically competitive, resource-efficient, and liveable.","Polycentricity; Knowledge economy; Liveability; Built environment; Circular Economy; Spatial Justice","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis","52.3667, 4.8945"
"uuid:1ae057a7-8974-4b60-88b5-b00d164619c4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1ae057a7-8974-4b60-88b5-b00d164619c4","Indoor localisation based on point clouds of the ceiling: Syntheses Project 2019","FRATZESKOU, CHRISTINA (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Garg, Chirag (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Staring, Karin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Deng, Mutian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jansen, Celine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Verbree, Edward (TU Delft GIS Technologie); Meijers, Martijn (TU Delft GIS Technologie)","Verbree, Edward (mentor); Meijers, B.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Indoor localisation is a highly relevant topic. It can be used for many applications,
such as indoor navigation. Current indoor localisation approaches all have certain
downsides. In this report, the results of a completely new indoor localisation approach are described. The aim of this approach is to perform indoor localisation on room level based on a fingerprint solution using point clouds of the ceilings. The ceiling is used, because the ceiling does generally not change much and therefore it is easier to keep an up-to-date database. This research considers both the use of Dense Image Matching (DIM) input from pictures or videos made with a mobile phone and Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) input.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:4f610e66-01b5-409a-aaf9-9f03d96c7889","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4f610e66-01b5-409a-aaf9-9f03d96c7889","Direct Analysis on Point Clouds: Geomatics Syntesis Project 2019","Kaniouras, Pantelis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); MOSCHOLAKI, Maria (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Liempt, Jordi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Jarocki, Konrad (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Zhang, Liyao (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Verbree, Edward (TU Delft GIS Technologie); Meijers, Martijn (TU Delft GIS Technologie)","Verbree, Edward (mentor); Meijers, Martijn (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","With the rapid growth in point cloud acquisition technologies the recent years we have the ability to measure large quantities of 3D points of significantly detailed and geometrically composite scenes such as urban environments. This advantage can be exploited and used for direct analysis on point clouds. A direct point cloud analysis has several advantages over for example 3D surface reconstruction, such as the end result having more details and the computation being less expensive. In order to make a point cloud representation a suitable alternative for other types of 3D city models, they need to be semantically enriched, resulting in a rich point cloud. One element of this enrichment is the detection of objects, such as windows. Extracting these from facades is specifically what this research revolves around, which can be done by taking advantage of the fact that they show up as holes, since lasers of the point cloud scanner do not properly reflect on them. Two different general approaches are taken to detect windows in a by mobile laser scanner obtained point cloud of Noordereiland, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:a9d9aa34-a6c7-4398-978c-46fb6b0f86ae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a9d9aa34-a6c7-4398-978c-46fb6b0f86ae","CFD modelling: The interaction between extreme waves and a lighthouse upon a shoal","Ansorena Ruiz, Ruben (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Antonini, A. (mentor); Tissier, M.F.S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Lighthouses are structures subjected to extreme weather conditions which have to resist strong surge. Therefore to ensure their survival over time, it is necessary to determine the loads that these structures will face during its lifetime. However, load prediction on lighthouses is troublesome due to the multiple factors that affect the loading. First, the geometries of lighthouses vary considerably from one to another, not usually representing the classic cylindrical shape by which they are modelled in laboratories. Second, climate change transforms the statistical properties of the sea states and will bring more extreme events in the near future. As so as sea level rise. Lastly, the bathymetry around a lighthouse is considerably different to the ones used to model lighthouses in labs, which can affect wave propagation and breaking. Therefore loading is affected. As the traditional physical methods are both expensive and time consuming, researchers have developed computational tools to accurately represent reality. In this report, waves2Foam (a toolbox within OpenFOAM) will be used to reproduce some tests performed on a physical wave flume. The goal is to represent the conditions of the lab in the computational model so that this model can then be used to represent different geometries and wave loads over lighthouses in an easy and cheap way. Additionally, the most of the current tests were performed with waves directly hitting the lighthouse structure. However in this study, the waves break over a shoal and then the mass of water reaches the structure. This causes a smaller maximum load but the load is applied during a longer time that when a wave breaks directly on the lighthouse. In this study the physical model performed by Piermodesto Caputo (year 2017/2018) and supervised by Professor Renata Archetti and Dr. Alessandro Antonini (co-supervisor) will be modeled using waves2Foam (OpenFOAM). The physical model was performed in Plymouth University laboratory ""COAST"". The goal of the model was to determine the loads that the Dubh Artach lighthouse will face in the future taking into account sea level rise and extreme weather conditions due to climate change.","OpenFOAM; wave flume; lighthouse","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","",""
"uuid:bf331eab-40c8-401e-98db-06521891a78d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf331eab-40c8-401e-98db-06521891a78d","Estimation of horizontal deformation rates based on tachymetric measurements: Processing measurements collected yearly in the geothermal area Bjarnarflag in North-East Iceland from 2015 to 2018","Tollenaar, Veronica (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van Leijen, F.J. (mentor); Verhagen, S. (mentor); Smal, I.V. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Measurements of a tachymetric network in the geothermal area of Bjarnarflag in North-East Iceland are performed during four consecutive years (2015-2018). For the yearly adjustment of the measurements an alternative iteration scheme to Baarda’s ’B-method of testing’ is proposed, because the level of significance of the F-test performed in the detection step is too large due to the large redundancy of the measurements. The proposed alternative method detects outliers and verifies the stochastic model simultaneously, resulting in 3
to 4% rejected measurements per year. From the yearly solutions absolute and relative horizontal velocities are estimated. The relative velocities are significant, but have large uncertainties. Adding three years of data reduces the mean standard deviation of the estimated velocities from 2.4 mm in east-direction to 0.9 mm and 1.8 mm in north-direction to 0.8 mm. The improvement of precision can be accelerated by reevaluating the stochastic input parameters, adding more GNSS measurements and reconsidering the network design.
Improved horizontal relative velocities can be used to understand the horizontal deformation patterns in the area of study due to extraction of water or steam by the geothermal powerplant, due to the instability of the benchmaks or due to natural processes.","Tachymetry; Geothermal powerplant; Bjarnarflag; Horizontal deformation; Deformation rates; Total station; Fieldwork","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","Additional Thesis",""
"uuid:91b55ee5-9ed9-4770-a48b-faca72cfdada","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91b55ee5-9ed9-4770-a48b-faca72cfdada","Humanizing Houston: Construction & Water Resilient Design of Downtown Houston","Li, Yiran (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Dik, Kris (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Unnik, Eline (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","AR0086 AR0093 | Infrastructure and Environmental Design",""
"uuid:83f55e9d-738b-49ef-8a88-b8475fc6e88a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:83f55e9d-738b-49ef-8a88-b8475fc6e88a","Building with Nature: Creating awareness on Building with Nature in Chile","van Batenburg, Kimberley (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Heijningen, Boudewijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hoogendoorn, Hugo (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Klarenbeek, Lara (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Ridderinkhof, Geert (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Overeem, J. (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (mentor); Reyes Gallardo, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Growth of world population, sea level rise, land subsidence and climate change gives new challenges for the present and the future. A new innovative approach of engineers is needed to reach socio-economic development with care for the environment. In the Netherlands, an EcoShape consortium is initiated where multiple experts came together from the Dutch private and public sector. In this consortium governmental organisations, knowledge institutes and business companies are involved to search for adaptable and sustainable engineering solutions to exploit and promote the ‘Building with Nature’ program. The main goal is to move from building in nature towards building with nature, using the natural forces present in the system.
Chile has shown interested in the Dutch Building with Nature program and the question raised whether a similar concept could be introduced in the country. Therefore, the organisational structure of the Chilean water sector related to coastal engineering is investigated in this research, as well as several case studies are used to illustrate the potential of Building with Nature in Chilean projects. These projects are the coastal erosion in Pichilemu, a port expansion in San Antonio and coastal erosion in Los Vilos.
The Chilean coast shows in different aspects a very dynamic behavior. For the design of a coastal structure it is important to understand this dynamic behavior and the possible consequences. In addition, the study concluded that Chile is a very privatized country which is important to consider when applying Building with Nature into coastal projects. The privatization has the consequence that a substantial amount of stakeholders need to be involved in the projects also funding can be a challenge.
In general, the conclusion can be drawn that there is lack of information on the coastal characteristics in Chile. More data needs to be conducted to implement trustworthy Building with Nature designs. Additionally, one could state that there is a communication gap between the governmental parties as the Dirección de Obras Portuarias and Ministerio de Obras Públicas and the local parties involved in coastal projects. This is important to solve, as these parties needs to be involved in all coastal projects. Another outcome of the case studies is the absence of an environmental vision for most of the initiated coastal projects investigated and the absence of a long term vision of coastal management.
Meeting with various engineering consultancy firms showed the presence of a strong incentive to enlarge the consciousness on the environmental and societal aspects in Chile, and the ambition for a more co-creative and multidisciplinary design approach. Arcadis Chile has shown interest to establish a platform to introduce the Building with Nature approach in Chile. Together with the Universidad de Valparaíso, Arcadis Chile can be the initiator for the implementation of the philosophy and the increase of awareness among other important actors in the water sector.
Amsterdam on their suitability for catering services, based on the compliance of their chimneys to minimum height restrictions.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2019",""
"uuid:01601d1b-0688-426e-b205-dc6b05a8e1db","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:01601d1b-0688-426e-b205-dc6b05a8e1db","Dismantle Boundaries-Create Synergies: Rethinking Houstons Infrastructure","Höller, Lukas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van de Wiel, Thijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Rikkert, S.J.H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This report is not only the final result of the design made for the Infrastructure and Environment Design course (Q4 - Urbanism) but considerably more a representation of the entire learning process and the path towards the goal itself. The aim of this course was to investigate water related urban- and engineering designs in delta metropoles. The international context of the Bayou City of Houston (Texas, USA), its long flooding history, but also the contemporary state of the city made it a very interesting but also challenging task.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR0086 AR0093 | Infrastructure and Environmental Design",""
"uuid:9fb3d0a1-ec0e-408f-804b-4805c2aa67f1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9fb3d0a1-ec0e-408f-804b-4805c2aa67f1","Interweaving fragments: Activating green-blue infrastructure in Pearl river delta, China","Bhatt, Jahnavi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Boudouaya, Oumkaltoum (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Koskeridou, Eleni Maria (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Mohamed Rani, Marina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Landscape Architecture); Ravichandrakumar, Dhushyanth (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Tai, Y. (mentor); Bracken, G. (mentor); Read, S.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The Greater Bay Area, known as the GBA, ultimately incorporates 11 main cities (consisting of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR), the Macao Special Administrative Region (Macao SAR) as well as the municipalities of Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhuhai, Foshan, Huizhou, Dongguan, Zhongshan, Jiangmen, and Zhaoqing) into an urbanised population of over 70 million people. It represents a significant opportunity to shape the future of the Pearl River Delta region.
In the last decades, this region has experienced an unprecedented rise of urbanisation and a rapid economic growth positioning itself as the future centre of global economy. However, the uneven development has been the reason behind several environmental and socio-spatial challenges that threaten the future of this mega region. The research intends to comprehend these issues under the fragmentation perspective, by classifying and analysing the challenges within three main themes (Society, Economy and Environment) in three different scales. Furthermore, the research proposes that the integration of bio-physical infrastructures (Green and blue network) respecting the natural ecosystem and the delta conditions throughout the whole process of development and urbanisation, will help redefine the future of globalisation in the GBA. In order to achieve that, an explorative method using the ‘strips game’ was used as a method to produce a vision and urban scenarios on multiple scales providing functional and spatial distributions. This method was conducted in Hong Kong to give access to the feeling and environment in question.","Urbanisation; Globalisation; The Greater Bay area; Hong-Kong; Green and Blue infrastructure; Integration; Fragmentation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","","22.3193, 114.1694"
"uuid:afa67f23-e6fa-4c7d-bbbb-894bfbbba9dd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:afa67f23-e6fa-4c7d-bbbb-894bfbbba9dd","Plastic Discharge in Bali’s Rivers","Brooijmans, Sophie (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Franken, Mathijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); de Iongh, Zilver (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); de Jong, Ward (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Marsbergen, Annemiek (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Aarninkhof, S.G.J. (mentor); Taneja, P. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Indonesia is one of the largest ocean pollutants in the world in terms of plastic emissions. The country has many tourist areas, including the island of Bali, which is the main tourist hub. The plastic problem is large around and on Bali, which has negative consequences for both the environment and the tourism sector. NGOs and the government are trying to tackle the plastic problem, with an increasing effort in the last few years. This research project has been set up to determine which regions and rivers in Bali discharge the most plastic and therefore pollute the ocean the most, and to design a river structure to mitigate plastic emissions to the ocean.
For this study, 31 rivers in eight different regions were measured and analysed. All rivers were measured by visual observation, a trawl or a combination of the two. The flow velocity and the width were measured for each river. By means of the average weight of one piece of plastic, the plastic flux could be obtained. The river embankments were systematically assessed for each river. In addition, the wind speed was also measured for each river.
The three most polluting rivers of the island are all in different regions. These three rivers will be the most effective to tackle in order to reduce the plastic discharge to the ocean. The study shows that when a river flows through a densely populated area, the river is more polluted, as is the case with the three most polluted rivers.
Through a MCA, two effective waste catchment structures were eventually found for the two types of rivers on the island, which are rivers with and without navigation. The structures will remove the plastic from the rivers. The structure for the river that can be closed is the Trash Trap, and for the river that cannot be closed is the Sea Defence Structure.
In the recent years, several cases of flash floods have been reported in the Municipality of Tirana, causing important material damage in the region. One of the most devastating events occurred in December 2017, which flooded the City Park area (West of the Municipality of Tirana). This area is strategical because it includes relevant centers of economic development, such as commercial and industrial areas, that are located nearby a main road connection between the Port of Durres, the Tirana International Airport and Tirana itself. To mitigate the flood risk at this location, several hydraulic engineering concepts have been developed. However, the suitability of the concepts is limited by two main constraints: budget constraints and spatial constraints. With the aim to develop a flood protection system that is financially and spatially feasible, a system that combines dikes and flood walls is proposed. The industrial and commercial areas of the City Park are very close to the river. Hence, due to the spatial constraint, flood walls are used to protect these areas. Dikes are implemented in the river boundaries were agricultural and green land uses are found. Grass covers are implemented on the dike slopes to compensate the impact provoked by the water retaining structures in the local environment. The grass enhances the local visual amenity. Furthermore, bike paths are implemented on the dike crests and contiguous to the flood walls to improve the livability of the area. In order to adapt further to the budget, the dimensions of the structures to be built are reduced by dredging the river beds, what increases the section of the river to convey water. A granular filter is placed on the river bed in order to reduce the soil erosion. Moreover, in order to reduce the financial and visual impact of the dikes, temporary structures of one meter height will be placed on the crest of the dikes in case a 100-year flood event occurs. A Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of the proposed solution has been carried out to evaluate the feasibility of the alternative. The resultant BC ratio of the solution is 0.84, which is close to what is considered feasible (BC > 1). However, this ratio is sensitive to the discount rate. According to the falling tendency of this rate in Albania in the recent years, as shown by the information published by the Central Bank of Albania, the rate is expected to fall from 1.25% to 1% in the close future. This drop would make the project feasible (BC = 1.05 > 1). ","Flash floods; Flood Risk; Design methodology; Albania","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","","41.369223, 19.687103"
"uuid:edefcb85-0cf5-4f9f-9d79-0fb7c6e489ef","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:edefcb85-0cf5-4f9f-9d79-0fb7c6e489ef","Slowing Down in an Impulse-Permeated World: What we can learn from people diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder regarding the design of (semi-public) spaces","Tegelberg, Tess (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sohn, H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","There are more diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder and the world is more and more demanding of our directed attention. This can lead to Directed Attention Fatigue which leads to heightened arousal. Per the Yerkes-Dodson Law, heightened arousal lowers performance in simple and especially in complex tasks. People who are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder might view a social task (often needed in a semi-public space) as a complex one which a neuro-typical person would view as simple. The objective is therefore to lower arousal. The environment also has a very large impact on a person. It is therefore wise to see how that could be used in lowering arousal. The main question in this thesis is therefore: what design elements could be improved with help from autism spectrum disorder to improve the experience and perception of semi-public spaces? The difference between people diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and neuro-typical people lies in individual differences, situational factors, social conditions, cultural factors and how they are able to cope. The design elements that therefore be valued more are privacy, spatial crowding, illumination, general stimuli and nature.","autism; Semi-Public Spaces; environmental psychology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:eb179168-87fe-4e2b-820f-e897989a891a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:eb179168-87fe-4e2b-820f-e897989a891a","Analysis and Advice for Haag Wonen: The building densification and sustainability objective at Robijnhorst, Mariahoeve.","Wiersma, Jolt (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Trabucco, Isabella (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Varghese, Paul (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Park, Cheonghyeon (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Jongejan, R.J.W. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","An analysis into the building densification and sustainability objectives for Haag Wonen in Robijnhorst, Mariahoeven","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:867da2cc-932b-4f87-a24b-15ca567afa37","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:867da2cc-932b-4f87-a24b-15ca567afa37","Impact of organic flux enhancer on pilot anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR)","Garcia Solano, Magnolia (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lindeboom, R.E.F. (mentor); Abraham, E. (mentor); Odriozola, Magela (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In this work, the effects of the addition of a cationic polymer ADIFLOC KD 451 (ADIPAP, France) in the performance of a decentralized Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor (AnMBR) pilot plant treating 1.5 m3 blackwater per day was studied. To this end, on-line sludge filterability characterizations were performed following the Delft Filtration Characterization (DFC) method. Likewise, a Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system was used to measure and record the variations in transmembrane pressure (TMP). Polymer addition resulted in the modification of the biomass properties such as increased particle size measured as d50 from 19.49µm to 32.85µm and lower colloidal particles concentration. The combined effect of these changes influenced the fouling cake layer development rate. The preceding resulted in lower TMP in the pilot plant which indicates that higher operational fluxes can be achieved due to flux enhancer addition.","Anaerobic membrane bioreactor; Flux enhancer; Fouling; Delft Filtration Characterization Method; Blackwater","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","Additional thesis","42.133917, -8.801056"
"uuid:08d0717d-452f-49b6-8214-3b78dd394970","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:08d0717d-452f-49b6-8214-3b78dd394970","Ciclo Sampa: A generalised bicycle network design applied to Sao Paulo","van der Esch, Anton (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Kienhuis, Ramon (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Ligthart, Chiara (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Termote, Judith (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Wang, Zili (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Vaart, Robin (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Houben, L.J.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Nowadays the city of São Paulo has to deal with a lot of traffic jams. Extending the road network is no option and the public transport network cannot keep up with the capacity either. A solution must be found in another type of transport: cycling. The current bicycle infrastructure is not sufficient in terms of connectivity. In this research, a standardised bicycle network is developed for a part of the city, which can be used during future bicycle expansion projects in São Paulo. The development of the bicycle infrastructure concerns the whole city of São Paulo, resulting in a lot of interests being affected. The people behind these interests, the stakeholders, can have an influence over the project decisions, but do usually have conflicting interests. Therefore, these stakeholders are identified and analysed, through literature review and semi-structured interviews. In this case however, most stakeholders did not seem to experience any conflicts. The biggest problem in the development of the bicycle network, is that the stakeholders all work towards the same goal, but do now cooperate towards that goal. Cooperation between multiple stakeholders would result in more power, meaning they could makemore of an impact together. Most of the stakeholder‘s expectations could be met in this case, resulting in a satisfying design for most people. As a result of literature review and the performed interviews, a list of requirements is developed as a basis for the rest of the design of the bicycle network. The conclusion was made that not only a sufficient network needed to be designed, but that incentives for use were also needed. Therefore, the list of requirements is divided into three categories: infrastructure network, incentives for use and long-term guidelines and recommendations. The rest of the standardised design is based on the list of requirements. According to the requirement list, the new cycling network has been designed by greedy algorithm. The new plan can achieve 99.51%inhabitants with 320 metres of the walking distance. And it requires a new bridge for only cyclists and pedestrians’ use to cross Pinheiros River. Due to the demand of a bridge, a structural design is required. A literature review was performed, investigating the existing situation regarding the infrastructure. In the literature study, the different bridge types with their pro’s and con’s are described. Based on the existing situation and the literature study, a sound bicycle and pedestrian bridge design is designed. In this situation, for the standardised bridge, an arch bridge is the best choice. The standardised design allows for an efficient and fast design and execution process. This design process is obtained by using a parametric design in Rhinoceros and Grasshopper, so the design of the bridge can be used for multiple spans.","Sao Paulo; Bicycle Infrastructure; Traffic Jams; Stakeholders; Bridges","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MDP281","-23.5505, -46.6333"
"uuid:36c4841c-e594-499d-8221-97ae5e47a133","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:36c4841c-e594-499d-8221-97ae5e47a133","A comparison of physics-based model computed and GNSS observed vertical land displacement of Greenland","Bemelmans, Mark (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Ditmar, P.G. (mentor); Verhagen, S. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","By combining the RACMO2.3 RCM output with GRACE non-tidal ocean and atmospheric pressure anomaly as well as geo-center motion corrections from 2003 to 2017, a physics-based model to estimate the vertical displacement of the Greenland surface bedrock is created. This model is able to convert the mass and pressure anomalies into vertical displacement in the spherical harmonic domain with the use of load deformation coefficients based on the PREM earth model. The computed vertical displacement has a weak correlation with the observed displacement as measured by the GNET GNSS station network. Both the computed and observed vertical movement show seasonal signals, however the computed signal has both a lower amplitude and different phase to the observed displacement. This could possibly be explained by the selection of the GNET stations used in the analysis or possibly the implementation of the non-tidal ocean and atmospheric pressure anomaly. Questions regarding the optimization of the processing within the model are discussed but remain open. Recommendations for further research into the complexity of the system and shortcomings of the model are discussed in detail.","Greenland ice sheet; RACMO2.3; modelling; GNSS; seasonal storage; melt water","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:45d29eed-47b1-419e-b39a-1a7701e3231d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:45d29eed-47b1-419e-b39a-1a7701e3231d","General formulation of equivalent moment factor for elastic lateral torsional buckling of slender rectangular sections and I-sections","Bresser, Djonno (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Ravenshorst, Geert (mentor); Hoogenboom, Pierre (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In the past decades, great progress has been made in analyzing lateral torsional buckling of slender beams. The phenomena has been accurately described by differential equations, closed form solutions are available for specific cases and the solution for any load and any boundary condition can be obtained by finite element analysis. Timber and steel design standards provide a procedure based on equivalent moment factors. With this procedure, beams can be designed straightforwardly. However, modern designers continue to push the envelope and more irregular load patterns are found, on which the design standards do not provide solutions. Consequently, designers are forced to determine the equivalent moment factors based on case-specific literature and/or conservative assumptions. Unfortunately, this makes many challenging modern designs uneconomical. Furthermore, significant inconsistencies between the different design procedures are found. For that purpose, this paper proposes a solution in the form of a general formulation to determine equivalent moment factors for any loading on a single-span beam for both free and restrained lateral bending and/or warping at the supports, for both I-sections and rectangular slender sections loaded in the shear center. It is shown that the obtained moment factors are accurate and in good agreement with design standards and literature, and a wide range of irregular load patterns is considered.","Elastic laterial torsional buckling; moment equivalent factor; moment gradient factor; steel beams; timber beams; analytic energy approach","en","student report","","","","","","","","2020-06-01","","","","","",""
"uuid:5ad3ec97-4fb9-40d0-a9b2-7fbc5eaccc55","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5ad3ec97-4fb9-40d0-a9b2-7fbc5eaccc55","Interdisciplinary resilient spatial planning based on the reconstruction of Otsuchi, Japan","Flores Herrera, Emma (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Gori, Antoine (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Ozcan, Aylin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Panayi, Zoe (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Prida Guillén, Álvaro (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Nimmi Sreekumar, Nimmi (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Unnik, Eline (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Broere, S. (mentor); Askarinejad, A. (mentor); Bricker, J.D. (mentor); Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Pel, A.J. (mentor); van de Ven, F.H.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake had a devastating impact on the town of Otsuchi in Iwate Prefecture, resulting in 1,234 immediate deaths and 59.6% of residential houses being fully damaged amongst other severe consequences. The post-disaster Reconstruction Plan (2011-2018) of this town focused on rebuilding the previously existing town with large-scale engineered interventions, resulting in a fragmented set of spatial interventions which solve problems in a single faceted way. The management of a post-tsunami reconstruction process should represent a resilient design for the future. This paper demonstrates that a modified land use design, developed and achieved through an interdisciplinary approach, represents a holistic solution to the drawbacks of the reconstruction plan. Through an iterative framework, site-specific strategies are developed at the urban and the building scale that combine safety and livability by finding synergies among disciplinary fields in an integrated manner. The result of this paper is a quantified evaluation of the reduction in flood risk achieved with a new design, making spatially evident the areas in which a refinement is required to mitigate flood damage.
Subject: tsunami; interdisciplinary; resilience; spatial planning; strategy
This paper shifts a thinking about architecture and violence to embodied, and accumulated, slow violences that are inflicted upon bodies and social relations within an environment, over long stretches of time. A shift from moment to duration, this paper investigates what the logics embedded and inherited from specific spatial arrangements does to the inhabitant. An argument is made that violence is enacted through the built environment, through the (re) production of the maintenance of a particular system of order, that is not un- connected to singular moments of ‘violence’ but contains these moments, along with the seemingly banal, within a processual unfolding.
This is done by illustrating a case study of the creation of the urban district of the Oude Noorden in Rotterdam, as it transformed into poldered parcel plots and then to housing blocks in the late 19th century, on the periphery of a rap- idly expanding colonial port city.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","AR2A011",""
"uuid:8bd45c64-12d9-45d5-9aad-cc2db2bcd1f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8bd45c64-12d9-45d5-9aad-cc2db2bcd1f0","Duna & Água: Inhambane, Mozambique","Versteeg, Pim (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Tjia, Jacintha (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Demetriades, Valerie (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Caspers, Jochem (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Rietveld, L.C. (mentor); van Breukelen, B.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","","Mozambique; Water Quality; Geohydrology; Water Management; Sanitary Engineering","en","student report","","","","","","","","2020-05-01","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:26103ea1-8e92-4f04-8206-e1c131fe75c4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26103ea1-8e92-4f04-8206-e1c131fe75c4","Effectiviteit van vegetatie op voorlanden: Een studie naar de golfdempende werking van het voorland 'Noarderleech' - Stagerapport","van der Reijden, Ineke (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Buring, Paul (mentor); Zijlema, Marcel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Een groot deel van het dijktraject tussen Koehool-Lauwersmeer (KL) aan de Waddenzee voldoet nog niet aan de normering. Zo ook de zogenaamde ‘groene dijk’, welke volledig uit grasbekleding bestaat. Dit dijktraject voldoet niet voor het faalmechanisme Gras Erosie Buitentalud (GEBU), mede door een te hoge hydraulische belasting. Momenteel is Wetterskip Fryslân in de verkenningsfase voor dijkversterking van het traject KL, met een totale lengte van ongeveer 50 km. Door de grote omvang van het project geeft dit een uitdagende opgave voor Wetterskip Fryslân. Voor de groene dijk en omliggende dijkvakken is het voorland ‘Noarderleech’ aanwezig, waarvan in de huidige methodes enkel de verhoogde ligging wordt meegenomen. Uit onderzoek uitgevoerd in de ‘POV Waddenzeedijken: Effectiviteit voorlanden’ is gebleken dat ook de aanwezige vegetatie op voorlanden significante golfdempende werking kan hebben. In dit onderzoek is de opgedane kennis in de POV toegepast voor het voorland Noarderleech. Doordat de hydraulische belasting op de achterliggende dijk wordt gereduceerd, bestaat de kans dat dijkversterking op bepaalde delen kan worden versimpeld of zelfs onnodig blijkt. Dit leidt tot de volgende onderzoeksvraag: “Wat is het effect van de vegetatie op voorlanden op de golfcondities?”. Hierbij wordt specifiek naar het voorland Noarderleech gekeken, met de aanwezige vegetatie tijdens de wintermaanden. Voor het bepalen van het effect van vegetatie is gebruik gemaakt van SWAN versie 41.20AB, waarin een 1D model is opgesteld voor verschillende doorsnedes. Hierbij is de bodemruwheid gevarieerd om de vegetatie te simuleren. Initieel is gekeken naar de gevoeligheid van het model voor de ruwheid. Vervolgens is voor verschillende doorsnedes het profiel opgedeeld in verschillende oppervlaktetypes, waarvoor een representatieve bodemruwheid is bepaald. Hieruit volgt de grootte van de golfhoogte-reductie. Tot slot is met de gereduceerde golfhoogte de benodigde dijkhoogte bepaald voor één locatie en voor de totale groene dijk de klei-erosie voor het faalmechanisme GEBU. Uit de gevoeligheidsanalyse volgt dat het golfdempende effect afvlakt voor hoge ruwheden. Daarnaast zijn de golven over het algemeen diepte-gelimiteerd, waardoor de golfhoogte wordt bepaald door de waterdiepte. De lengte van het voorland is een belangrijke parameter, doordat het bepaald hoelang de golf wordt blootgesteld aan de hogere bodemruwheid. Daarnaast zijn de verlopen voor een kort en lang voorland nagenoeg identiek, waardoor met één profiel een goede inschatting voor de omliggende profielen gemaakt kan worden op basis van de lengte. Voor de groene dijk geldt dat de golfhoogtereductie door vegetatie in de orde van 8% ±2% valt. Een reductie van 8% leidt tot 10 cm minder kleilaagerosie. Ondanks dit voldoet de dijk met de huidige methodiek nog niet aan de normering voor GEBU. Tot slot is ook de op het voorland aanwezige zomerkade in beschouwing genomen. Uit de analyse blijkt dat de golfhoogte bij de achterliggende dijkteen niet meer dan 2% reduceert ten gevolge van de kade. Door de extreme windcondities en een strijklengte van 500-600 m is de golfgroei dusdanig dat het effect van de zomerkade teniet wordt gedaan ter hoogte van de achterliggende dijkteen. Voor een effectieve golfreductie is het dus van belang dat de afstand tot de dijkteen klein is en de kruinhoogte zo groot mogelijk. Volgend uit dit onderzoek wordt aanbevolen om de invloed van vegetatie op voorlanden, in de vorm van bodemruwheid, mee te nemen in de beoordeling in het geval de primaire kering initieel niet voldoet. Voor het toepassen in de ontwerpfase zijn de mogelijkheden en beperkingen vanuit omgeving en beheer essentieel, waarvoor verder onderzoek wordt aangeraden. Daarnaast wordt onderzoek naar het effect van bodemruwheid op de spectrale periode aanbevolen.","Noarderleech; Waddenzee; Voorland; SWAN; Waterveiligheid","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","",""
"uuid:71e10059-2d65-4af3-ac7c-48ad47ac098b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71e10059-2d65-4af3-ac7c-48ad47ac098b","DaisyRiot: Building a global illumination renderer based on radiosity","Hoveling, Vera (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Roelvink, Marijn (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Eisemann, E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This report documents the DaisyRiot global illumination renderer. The renderer applies the radiosity method and uses spectral rendering in order to simulate fluorescent materials: materials can reflect energy of a given frequency at another frequency. Rendering is accelerated by NVIDIA OptiX and CUDA parallelization. In this document you will find details of the design of the renderer, its architecture, a discussion of its results and performance and a reflection on its future. All source code is released online: github.com/asylunatic/DaisyRiot.","Radiosity; Global Illumination; Spectral rendering; Fluorescence","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Honours programme 2019",""
"uuid:fc358920-468a-45b3-ad85-8a77018d17f4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fc358920-468a-45b3-ad85-8a77018d17f4","Optimization of flood safety levels: Case study for unembanked areas in the Port of Rotterdam","Veenman, Tjerk (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Jonkman, Sebastiaan N. (mentor); van Berchum, Erik (mentor); Lansen, Joost (mentor); Bos, Mathijs (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Additional master thesis","Flood risk; cost-benefit analysis; Port of Rotterdam; Royal HaskoningDHV; flood defence; Flood management; dike; Climate change; sea level rise","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","51.884405, 4.429312"
"uuid:0e1850a4-5b19-4405-a051-9ce8ed5ec9bf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0e1850a4-5b19-4405-a051-9ce8ed5ec9bf","Ultrasound Disinfection in Domestic Drinking Water System","Floriana Ayumurti Kukuh, Ayu (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Rietveld, L.C. (mentor); Liu, G. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The quality of treated drinking water in the distribution network might deteriorate even though the quality of water leaving the treatment plant has been set to be at the highest level. Regrowth of microorganisms or known as microbiological instability is found to be one of the responsible causes for the change of the water quality. This instability might also occur in household connections due to the higher temperature, longer residence time, and the possibility of mixing with contaminated water from the household. However, chlorination is not desired to be applied in the treatment process, especially in the Netherlands. Moreover, the Dutch future heating system will be replaced with a heat pump system where the temperature of the water will be estimated at around 40°C, as it is a comfortable temperature for showering. Whilst, the hot water supply system in current situation heats the water until around 60°C and then is combined with cold water until it reaches the comfortable temperature. The future heating system will enhance the risk of microbial contamination since the temperature is within the range where Legionella can survive. Ultrasound disinfection emerges as a solution as it offers a physical disinfection method, which does not change the quality of the water chemically. According to this opportunity and the risk of bacterial regrowth in the household connection, an investigation on the efficacy of ultrasound disinfection in microbial growth control in the household is desired. At the end of this research, an experimental set-up and research plan are established to investigate the efficacy of ultrasound disinfection for microbial growth control in household water system provide water of 40°C.","Ultrasound disinfection; Domestic drinking water system; Microbial regrowth","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CIE5050-09",""
"uuid:4e35e928-da0a-4d72-9cb2-5ec89fd87552","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4e35e928-da0a-4d72-9cb2-5ec89fd87552","Chatbot - Embedded Systems","Posner, Noah (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Runhaar, Yohan (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Fantazia, Qusay (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Khattat, Mostafa (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Tariq, Sameer (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science); Wernet, Victor (TU Delft Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science)","Brinkman, Willem-Paul (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The most crucial choices a student will make is about which college and major they decide to join. Accord- ing to a statistical analysis performed by Koenig (2018) in the U.S. News World Report, majors such as Computer and information science, Engineering and Engineering technology yield the highest employment rates and salaries compared to other majors. In an article they wrote about the factors that influence youths career choices, Akosah-Twumasi (2018) argued that the knowledge of issues related to ’job security’ and ’salaries’ may pressure youth to choose a career path based on the benefits associated with a particular profession. This causes an influence in the decision making of a student who will not necessarily apply for a major they would enjoy doing, but instead their choice is going to shift to a more reliable major. Thus, many students will apply for studies such as Computer Science even though it might not be well-suited for them. Our team has been asked by the Delft University of Technology’s communication department to develop a Chatbot in order to help students with their decision making, and specifically students interested in the master program Embedded Systems. The communication department gave our team a set of requirements that needed to be fulfilled. The final product needed to be a chatbot with which it is possible to have a conversation on the Embedded Systems study program. It should coach the student into making a decision as well as be able to answer frequently asked questions. The chatbot needed to be accompanied by a content management system which should allow the communication department to modify some of the content of the chatbot as well as provide them with useful statistics about the interactions with the chatbot. Our team was also required to use the Rasa (2019) open source machine learning tool for conversational artificial intelligence as back-end of our chatbot system in order to provide feedback about this framework which might be used in future projects at TU Delft.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:3cdbab7c-4ff7-4ff2-808e-d929c5dfb3b0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3cdbab7c-4ff7-4ff2-808e-d929c5dfb3b0","Modelling Iron Floc Filtration Through Porous Media Filters","den Dekker, Pieter (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Halem, D. (mentor); van Breukelen, B.M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Additional master thesis","Iron Floc; Filtration; Modelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","Additional thesis",""
"uuid:2117bed7-8dc3-4f01-91a5-9929987e4e8d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2117bed7-8dc3-4f01-91a5-9929987e4e8d","Tasikoki Coastal Protection: A researched based advice into the mitigation of shoreline recession of the beach of the Tasikoki Wildlife Rescue and Education Centre","de Jong, Sander (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Knoester, Ferdi (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Alferink, Christian (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Quast, Arnout (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Smits, Misiu (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (mentor); van Overeem, J. (mentor); Hoving, J.S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The beach adjacent to the Tasikoki Wildlife Rescue and Education Centre is one of the many beaches worldwide suffering from coastline recession. This loss of coast has a negative impact on the environment, local society and ecology. In general, shoreline retreat is caused by sea level rise (SLR) and erosion. The main objective of this research is to determine which factors are causing recession at Tasikoki beach and consequently which solution would be best in terms of mitigating coastline recession and protecting the hinterland from flooding. A Building with Nature (BwN) design philosophy has been considered to utilise natural processes instead of traditional ones, creating benefits for society and nature. Additionally, a model will be created in Unibest to substantiate and test the final solution.
The research first aimed to describe the coastal characteristics, ecosystem and societal system of the Tasikoki coast. This mainly consisted of a desk-study which was based on literature, but also of examining the surroundings and talking to locals. This study revealed amongst others the significant contribution of climate change on the shoreline retreat at Tasikoki beach.. Among the stakeholders, a major blocking power is absent. Nevertheless, an engagement plan is written to explain the local fishermen how they will benefit from the potential solution in order to prevent resistance. After gathering this general information to form a first impression, more location specific data was required to draw conclusions and setup the Unibest model. Every part of the required data has their own measurement method or source, using handmade measuring equipment, sonar GPS, sediment sieves and data retrieved from wind and wave models.
After a thorough analysis on the wave and wind climate and the surroundings of the Tasikoki coast, it could be concluded that the dominant wave direction is coming from a direction of 164˚ north. This determines the dominant sediment direction, which is thus propagating northward along the shore. Next, the direct coastal retreat due to SLR was calculated by using the Bruun-rule. Based on calculations and aerial image analyses, it was concluded that the two tidal inlets present at the Tasikoki coast play an important role in the erosion patternThe four main nearshore (CST) processes impacting the Tasikoki coast are wave impact, long waves, turbulence and avalanching/sliding. During the research, multiple possible solutions have been investigated which could mitigate the coastline recession. Based on a multi-criteria analysis, it was decided that a Biorock-based solution would suit the Tasikoki case best. This is a permeable submerged breakwater with a low current running through a steel frame to dampen waves and enhance nature at the same time.. A submerged breakwater was modelled in Unibest at Tasikoki beach. The result was positive. The structure traps sediment and causes more accretion along the coast than the length of the structure itself; functioning like a ‘sand engine’. At last a detailed implementation and monitoring plan was written, multiple scenarios are considered to make the solution more future-proof.","coastal; protection; erosion; Building with Nature; Sulawesi; Tasikoki","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Multidisciplinary Project","1.233190, 125.060712"
"uuid:9aa461f7-0caf-462d-8531-2c13bd39f10a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9aa461f7-0caf-462d-8531-2c13bd39f10a","Het afstappen van gas in huishoudens: De attitude tegenover de overstap van gas naar een alternatieve energiebron","Varghese, Paul (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Romein, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Deze onderzoekspaper richt zich op de attitude van de Nederlandse bevolking tegenover het afstappen van gas op een alternatieve energiebron. Om dit te doen is een steekproef genomen van de Nederlandse bevolking om te bepalen of er een relatie is tussen bepaalde sociaal-demograische factoren en het maken/willen maken van de overstap. Deze sociaal-demograische factoren zijn: Leeftijd, Inkomen, Woonsituatie en Opleidingsniveau. Daarnaast is gekeken welke andere factoren een mogelijke rol spelen in de attitude tegenover de overstap. Deze factoren zijn: Rendement, Impact op het klimaat, Aanscha kosten, Kennis over de overstap, Aanpassing aan de woning en de manier van leven en Sociale druk. Het grootste deel van de respondenten staat positief tegenover de overstap, een bijna even groot deel weet het nog niet. Slechts een klein deel staat negatief tegenover de overstap. Er zijn geen correlaties gevonden tussen van het gas af willen/zijn en de sociaal-demograische factoren. Er zijn wel correlaties gevonden tussen de factoren rendement en samenstelling huishouden, rendement en woonomgeving, klimaat en samenstelling huishouden. De verwachting was dat voor de groep die negatief tegenover de overstap staat de kosten de meest bepalende factor zijn. Deze aanname komt overeen met de resultaten.","Gas; Woningen; Huishoudens; Alternatieve Energie; Duurzaamheid; Attitude","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:859adf2d-f096-4687-884b-dbab0cde78e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:859adf2d-f096-4687-884b-dbab0cde78e7","PDAM Tirtawening: Investigating flow problems in the supply pipeline of PDAM Tirtawening.","Pleij, markus (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Rietveld, Luuk (mentor); Heijman, Bas (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The drinking water company PDAM Tirtawening has two pipelines that supply raw water to the treatment plant. The pipelines stretch out for 31 kilometers from Chikalong(small nearby town) to the treatment plant in Badaksinga in Bandung. For one of those pipelines the current flow to the treatment plant is well below the design flow. The original design flow of the pipeline is 850 liters per second, currently the pipeline transports roughly 580-650 liters per second. This is not a critical problem at the moment because the treatment plant does not have the capacity to treat and distribute more water, but in the nearby future PDAM Tirtawening wants to increase its capacity and supply more water to the people of Bandung. This means that the supply of raw water to the treatment plant also needs to be increased. From the study it can be concluded that the flow drop was caused by human decisions to throttle the flow, based on the fact that there was severe burst (“explosion”) of the pipeline somewhere in the year 2005. The burst was caused by a water hammer incident, occurring during maintenance. During this maintenance period the water flow was stopped and a water body was standing stagnant in the lower end of the pipeline. When the operators opened valve again at the intake point, to start up the flow in the pipeline, the water mass accelerated downwards towards the stagnant water body below. The air trapped between these two water bodies could not escape in time thereby being compressed causing peak pressures. These pressures where of a much higher magnitude than the pressure which the pipeline was designed for, causing the “explosion” of the pipe. The reason why the trapped air could not escape through the air valves is because they are sealed to reduce the chance of locals stealing water. To avoid air entrapment and thereby reducing the risk on water hammer the following three throttling locations along the pipeline where investigated. • keep regulating the inflow at the intake point at Chikalong. • regulate inflow at the first intersection (OVS1) 3 kilometres downstream of Chikalong. • regulate inflow downstream at Badaksinga at the outflow point of the pipeline. From these three options throttling at OVS1 is preferred. The peak pressures along the pipeline stay well below the design pressure. However, throttling at preset at Chikalong has gone ’sufficient’ looking at PDAM’s standards for more than 25 years already. Regulating at Badaksinga (throttling and closing) is not feasible. Very high pressures and problems with cavitation of the intake valve will increase the chance on pipe bursts and damage to the valve. Also, it is recommended to PDAM to slowly open the valve at the intake point after maintenance in order to slowly increase the volume of the flow. This action will insure that the pipeline will slowly fill up with water thereby giving the trapped air the chance to escape, this will decrease the chance on peak pressures and “explosions” in the future.","Watermanagement; Hydraulic Engineering; Sanitary Engineering","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","-6.890602, 107.610766"
"uuid:190d4d20-d27f-48c9-9349-136a2d6deac9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:190d4d20-d27f-48c9-9349-136a2d6deac9","Towards a prediction of the intensity of a harmattan season","van Binsbergen, Priska (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","Steele-Dunne, Susan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The harmattan is a seasonal phenomena in West Africa. It is a dry and warm wind which is able to transport large dust plumes. This study aims to get insight in possible triggers that may have influence on the harmattan season itself.To find a seasonal predictor which can predict the intensity of the next harmattan season, historical data is analyzed. Changes in de Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone seem to have a significant influence on the harmattan season.","Harmattan; Prediction; Dust; West Africa","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:955e2a0f-158b-4bfc-b68e-680a2934a3ba","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:955e2a0f-158b-4bfc-b68e-680a2934a3ba","A predictive view on Durbans flood safety: The Golden Mile protected in style","van Marrewijk, Chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Goeijenbier, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hoogerwaard, Geert (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hahury, Milco (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Gerritsen, Wouter (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Vledder, Gerbrant (mentor); Pasterkamp, Sander (graduation committee); Braam, Rene (graduation committee); Hopkins, Julia (graduation committee); Stretch, D. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); University of KwaZulu-Natal (degree granting institution)","2019","Durban is the third largest city of South-Africa, located in the province of KwaZulu-Natal. The city suffers from severe floods from time to time, finding its cause in both the Indian ocean as well as the Umgeni river. The eThekwini municipality wishes a better insight in the occurrence of these floods and searches for a structural solution to protect the coastline. The eThekwini municipality has models in operation to predict the hydraulic characteristics in the ocean and the river. However, the existing models don’t represent the reality sufficiently, since the interaction between the Indian ocean and the Umgeni river is not modelled properly yet. An analysis on the area of interest has been executed. The conclusion was drawn that the Umgeni river delta was (partly) tide-dominant, meaning that the Indian ocean imposes the downstream water level. Furthermore, the wave climate was observed, as well as a look into present coastal protections. The link between the Indian ocean and the Umgeni river has been modelled using Delft3D. Since the Indian ocean imposes a downstream boundary condition (in terms of a water level) for the Umgeni river, a backwater curve might occur. First, the link is made by extending the Delft3D-model which was present for the Indian ocean only. The model has been extended all the way up to the Inanda dam. The part of the river included in the new model is approximately 32 푘푚 long. When comparing the models output at the river mouth, at the same location as a measurement point, similar behaviour can be observed. The same phase (lag) is observed, contrary to the tidal range. The tidal range in the model differs from reality, but this is due to a lack of calibration in the amplitudes of the different tidal constituents taken into account. Hence, the renewed model seems to work, but more validation still has to be done. This was not possible yet, as there is a lack of measurement stations along the river. Next to an extension of the Delft3D model, a script has been written in Python. This script is based on the empirical fit of Bresse and shows an elegant function. The results from the function in Python and the model in Delft3D are similar in a qualitative and a quantitative way. Both the models show an influence of the Indian Ocean, reaching easily to about 12 푘푚 upstream of the river mouth. This can be explained by the mild bed slope in this part. A structural solution for the flooding on the promenade at the height of North Beach was found in the form of a seawall. The most important design demand is to protect against a high water level of a 200 year return period combined with a 50 year return period wave height. These storm conditions are input for the ocean-river model, which delivers wave characteristics at the beach front, linking the structural design to the ocean-river model. After a pre-selection on design options, a Multi Criteria Analysis is carried out for the remaining eight design options. Grading is done based on criteria, representing the viewpoints of the many stakeholders involved and leading to a highest grading of a seawall in combination with an emergency barrier. Following, the water-retaining height for a vertical wall is determined. Given the the ground level height of the promenade to be 푀푆퐿 + 2.2 푚 and a total water-retaining height of 푀푆퐿 + 2.944 푚 this leads a practical construction height of 0.80 푚. Due to the limited height a reinforced concrete seawall is designed with emergency barriers for the beach entrances. The emergency barriers are designed of pinewood. Additionally, in order the fit properly in the surroundings, an integrated design is added with features like benches, thatch umbrellas and plants to disguise the construction and protect the Golden Mile in style.","coastal defense; Delft 3D; Structural analysis; seawall; emergency barrier","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","MDP266",""
"uuid:ec5de683-b72d-451d-945e-9d59b3ef0bce","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec5de683-b72d-451d-945e-9d59b3ef0bce","Manyame Catchment: A Risk Assessment","van Dijk, Ruben (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Streefkerk, Ileen (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Schuurman, Ludo (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van 't Klooster, Floris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Mc Gregor, Julia (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Luxemburg, W.M.J. (mentor); van Lier, J.B. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This study investigates the many dynamics of the Manyame Catchment and comes up with recommendations on how to adapt or become more resilient to the risks at hand. The bad politics and forthcoming economic situation of Zimbabwe has led to instability and dramatic inflation over the last decade. This has resulted in a terrible investment climate, limited aid received from foreign countries and an outflow of educated population. Exploitation of water resources by industries, mines and urban centres located close to the rivers resulted in a decline in the quality and quantity of the environment. Especially the Manyame River Catchment, that supplies the capital Harare and flows north into the Zambezi, has been greatly affected. The catchment suffers from several pollution sources such as agriculture, mining, industrial dumps and wastewater inflow. Poor management and the deterioration of the drinking water supply and sanitation infrastructure has led to the recent outbreak of cholera. Although the Manyame Catchment has enough water, another main issue is the spatial distribution of its water resources. In some areas there are dams, but no farmers to utilize the water. In other areas farmers are desperate for water, but don’t receive any. The increasing dry spells due to climatic changes, has had disastrous effects for the non-irrigating smallholder farmers dependent on their maize production for survival, while floods created by the backwater curve from the Cahora Bassa Dam in the Lower Manyame sub-catchment have washed away the livestock, crops and infrastructure on the fertile areas in the flood plains. The situation stresses for better awareness, monitoring and guardance of the water resources. This will provide information for improvements in the planning, policy and management of water resources. Although the history of Zimbabwean governance would suggest it is purely acting on crisis management, proactive planning would be preferable to the alternative; to wait for the aquifers to dry up only for people to realize the real value of water.","Zimbabwe; Water Resources Management; Manyame Catchment; flooding; drought; Water quality; groundwater; GIS; dam management","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","",""
"uuid:cc43b5da-8c29-4cd0-a0af-0b50d397d11f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cc43b5da-8c29-4cd0-a0af-0b50d397d11f","Polder system Can Tho City: Impact of the urban polder on Can Tho City","Frouws, Eveline (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Frölke, Reinier (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Maarse, Nadieh (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van den Heuvel, Oscar (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Meijer, Berend (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Nes, R. (graduation committee); Zitman, T.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Vietnam is one of the five countries that is severely affected by the consequences of climate change. The extreme weather conditions and the increase of the sea level results in floods in the Mekong Delta, located in the South of Vietnam. Can Tho city, found in the heart of the Mekong Delta, is one of the cities that copes with water related issues on a regular basis. To be prepared for the future, the environmental and infrastructural issues need to be tackled. The resiliency of Can Tho got included of the World Bank program. The objective of this project of the World Bank is to reduce the flood risk in the urban core area and to improve connectivity between the city centre and the low risk urban growth areas. The structural solutions of the polder will be sluice gates, tidal sluice gates, the construction of river embankment, rehabilitation of the drainage system and constructing two regulation and water retention lakes. Additionally, building dykes with new roads and expanding or building new bridges will increase the connectivity of the city. All these measures will contribute on the resiliency of the city. The aim of this report is to identify the impact of the polder on the city, considering the infrastructural and the hydraulic aspects. To measure the impact, the current situation is simulated into two models, an infrastructure model and a hydraulic model. The results of hydraulic model show whether and when locations are flooded, whereas the aim of the infrastructure model is to identify flows on the network, the connectivity of the city and the flow changes after implementation of the new roads.","polder; floods; resiliency; urbanisation; Vietnam","en","student report","","","","","","","","2019-02-26","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project","10.027254, 105.769806"
"uuid:4b55bd88-3139-4a43-80ac-aef0b4e578d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b55bd88-3139-4a43-80ac-aef0b4e578d3","Cliff Erosion at Point Grey UBC: A feasibility study of preliminary concepts to deal with erosion","Cantoni, Irene (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Gaido, Camila (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Jonker, Tessa (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Gijzen, Laurie (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Erosion of the cliffs at the Point Grey Peninsula threatens important infrastructure and buildings at UBC. In order to tackle this problem, UBC launched a comprehensive project called Living Breakwaters. This project is part of Living Breakwaters and aims to act as a transversal element among different expertise, integrating these specializations into a holistic framework. It analyses the problem from a technical, environmental, economic, legislative and social perspective. Four concepts are proposed to tackle the erosion and their key feasibility issues are identified. Accordingly, the main goal of this report is to present a clear and holistic framework of the erosion problem at the Point Grey cliffs, both gathering and integrating existing information and contributing with innovative ideas that might open new approaches for dealing with erosion. In conclusion, the Point Grey cliff erosion is a problem that has to be tackled to prevent severe damage to the adjacent lands. It is advised to combine both marine and subaerial measures. An integrated approach combining technical, environmental, legislative and social expertise is recommended in order to achieve a truly sustainable design.","marine cliff erosion; subaerial cliff erosion; bioengineering; protection measures; holistic approach; Master project report","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","Multidisciplinary Project; MP280","49.25, -123.12"
"uuid:61113ab3-725a-4935-8dda-407efb7038bc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:61113ab3-725a-4935-8dda-407efb7038bc","San Vicente Port: Development plan for a multipurpose terminal","Gribnau, Koen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Hemel, Mart-Jan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Koevoets, Igor (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Onrust, Menno (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","van Koningsveld, M. (mentor); Braam, C.R. (graduation committee); Aranguiz, Rafael (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","","Port; Master plan","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project","-36.724800, -73.117000"
"uuid:48f63e87-2d94-4abd-9e87-e37060662095","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48f63e87-2d94-4abd-9e87-e37060662095","Marinas in Argentina: A feasability study for a network of marinas in the Buenos Aires Province coast","Dijsselbloem, Stijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Adrichem, Wouter (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Baas, Daniël (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Bartczak, Konrad (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Zeeuw van der Laan, chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Koningsveld, Mark (mentor); Norman, Cecilia (mentor); Ngan-Tillard, Dominique (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, Marian (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","According to themselves, Argentinians are living with their backs towards the sea. In order to turn this around, a feasability study has been done to find out how a network of marinas along the coast of the province would look like, based on a MCDA including all urban areas along the coast and a fleet analysis. A final network has been proposed and a conceptual design of such a marina has been made.","marina; Argentina; network; design; MCDA; Buenos Aires","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:bc771c9c-893f-4b2c-bb97-242108ad22ac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc771c9c-893f-4b2c-bb97-242108ad22ac","Modelling Phenol Degradation Under Saline Conditions by AnMBR Biomass","Nair, Revathy (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Garcia Rea, Victor Servando (mentor); Spanjers, H. (graduation committee); Lindeboom, Ralph (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This study is part of a project titled: “Phenolic compounds degradation in AnMBR under mesophilic and thermophilic operation: BioXtreme-following up”.
Phenol is a toxic contaminant found widely in industrial effluents. It is toxic to humans and animals even at very low concentrations. Anaerobic digestion uses phenol as a carbon source and then to degrade it to non-toxic products for lower costs. Industrial effluents are also likely to have high concentrations of salinity which causes inhibition at high concentrations. Anaerobic membrane bioreactors are an attractive method as it enables biomass retention for biomass. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of Na+ concentration in a batch phenol degradation by phenol adapted mesophilic AnMBR biomass. NaCl concentration ranging from 0-90 g/L were tested on adapted AnMBR biomass. COD, phenol degradation, particle size distribution and methane production of adapted AnMBR biomass were analysed. The results from the batch test were used to model kinetic parameters. The biomass was acclimatized to 30 g/L of NaCl in AnMBR. Phenol removal of 98% was observed at 30 g/LNaCl and it decreased further with elevated salinity. Similarly, biogas production was also highest for 30g/L NaCl and decreased further with higher NaCl concentration. The highest value for SMA of 0.10 ± 0 gCOD-CH4.gVSS-1 d -1 was observed for 30g/L. However, the data did not indicate a specific trend with increasing salinity and showed high variability. The data showed poor fit to both Haldane and Monod growth model as these models were used for substrate inhibition. Modelling with modified Gompertz equation also failed to yield any conclusive results.","Modelling; AnMBR biomass; High salinity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Bioxtreme",""
"uuid:9d8f8a77-c69c-4bfd-8f51-e63e7d809df4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9d8f8a77-c69c-4bfd-8f51-e63e7d809df4","Time varying climate derived root zone storage capacity: A method to explain the rainfall-runoff anomalies of the Meuse catchment?","Savazzi, Alessandro (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Fenicia, Fabrizio (mentor); Hrachowitz, Markus (mentor); Coenders, Miriam (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","The Meuse river basin covers an area of 33,000 km2, touches five countries and is a major communication route in Europe. It is one of the catchments with longest streamflow records, with daily measures of discharge dating back to the beginning of the previous century. Attempts to model streamflow with standard hydrological models revealed that average streamflow was consistently overestimated by the model in the period 1933-1968. Different attempts to explain such anomaly can be found in the literature. In this work we hypothesise that this anomaly could be resolved by considering a time varying root zone storage capacity, represented by a model parameter (Su,max), which has affected the partitioning between precipitation and streamflow. Vegetation is in fact believed to adjust root zone storage capacity to overcome droughts with a return period of about 20 years. To test our hypothesis, a semi-distributed conceptual model, based on the FLEX modelling approach, was used. A time varying Su,max was obtained with two approaches: by calibration of the model parameters in a moving time window, and by derivation of Su,max directly from climate variables. The results show that adding time dependency to Su,max improves the mean flow simulation, however not to a degree that it fully explains the observed anomaly. Deriving Su,max directly from climate variables delivered a better fit to the average streamflow than calibration, which confirms the feasibility of a climate derived root zone storage capacity in hydrological modelling.","Hydrological modeling; Meuse; Root-zone","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:bbe040ae-44f2-44d2-a4e4-867b6c7c2d4c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bbe040ae-44f2-44d2-a4e4-867b6c7c2d4c","Extensive application of a methodology to evaluate a tsunami-resilient transportation system","YASAKU, Toshiya (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Pel, A.J. (mentor); Bricker, J.D. (graduation committee); Hooimeijer, F.L. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","A methodology for an assessment of resiliency of a transportation system threatened by a disaster has been evaluated as to whether it is applicable in small coastal communities at risk of tsunamis. A case study was carried out in Otsuchi town in Japan. The result shows that, although the methodology is well-designed to apply in different cities in terms of the data collection, there are challenges in capturing the resiliency of the transportation system in the unique geography of the town and against the tsunami-specific impacts. Besides, it was found that the methodology fails to take disaster-counter measures into account, e.g. a higher dike and a land elevation for the future tsunamis, which also could enhance the resiliency of a transportation system. Nevertheless, it was discussed using Wegener's circle that the methodology captures well a transportation system threatened by a disaster from both demand and supply perspective. A conclusion was drawn by some recommendations to make the methodology more tsunami-resilience focused.","tsunami resiliency; transport systems; methodological research","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Transport and Planning","The Interdisciplinary-International RESEARCH TSUNAMI RECONSTRUCTION-project",""
"uuid:0749ed5c-7aeb-4275-abee-0f904a08ea4d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0749ed5c-7aeb-4275-abee-0f904a08ea4d","Recycling of composite materials","van Oudheusden, Alma (TU Delft Industrial Design Engineering)","Joustra, Jelle (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In this report, an overview of the most common recycling methods for composite materials is created. It describes the process and recyclate characteristics, as well as the (dis)advantages of each method and the environmental and technological development. To draw conclusions on the current feasibility of composite recycling, the gathered data is analysed on the subject of application, quality, economy and sustainability. The report ends with a future outlook, and what implications this might have.","Composite; Recycling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:fd3f3e3f-4e58-4020-999a-55259b4849f9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fd3f3e3f-4e58-4020-999a-55259b4849f9","Analysing confidence intervals with a strict method: The difference between the classic and a conditional testing-estimation","van Tol, Pepijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Tiberius, Christiaan (mentor); Schleiss, Marc (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","","Confidence intervals; Parameter estimation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:62257d6b-ae41-43b3-9501-1a4de609d6cd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62257d6b-ae41-43b3-9501-1a4de609d6cd","Application of Atmospheric Pressure Atomic Layer Deposition on Long Tubular Ceramic Membranes","Roy, Mrinal (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Heijman, Bas (mentor); Shang, Ran (mentor); Lindeboom, Ralph (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Recently, the use of atomic layer deposition (ALD) technique for depositing thin films of metal oxides on membrane substrates has proved to be an effective way to fabricate commercially available UF or NF membranes to get tight UF/NF ceramic membranes. The main advantage of this technique is controlled deposition of a monolayer of metal oxides. This project was done to study the effect of ALD on 0.5 m long tubular membranes. TiO2 was deposited on the membranes by means of atmospheric pressure atomic layer deposition (APALD). This is different from most of the reported studies that use vacuum-based ALD. TiCl4 and H2O were used as the main precursors for depositing TiO2 through 2, 3 or 4 cycles of APALD. The growth rate of the deposited layer per cycle under different experimental conditions was measured indirectly using silicon wafers through ellipsometry. The effect of ALD was determined by measuring the membrane permeability and molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) values of the membranes before and after coating. The results obtained showed a variation in growth rate per cycle (GPC) of the deposited layers for different experimental conditions. APALD was performed on 6 membranes and the GPC rate was acceptable for only 2 membranes (0.14 nm/cycle and 0.03 nm/cycle), whereas the GPC for the other membranes was very high (more than 1 nm/cycle). After deposition, the 2 membranes with acceptable GPC rate showed a decrease in MWCO value by 627 Da and 405 Da respectively. These results demonstrated that APALD could be used to fabricate ceramic membranes, but only at proper experimental conditions for TiO2 deposition. An improved Carman-Kozeny model was also developed based on the MWCO value and on the GPC value, in order to predict the porosity and the permeability of the membranes. The results of the model and the measured permeability were compared; for some membranes, the model predicted correctly the permeability after coating.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:5511e022-92b4-465e-984d-db63250d6406","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5511e022-92b4-465e-984d-db63250d6406","2D urban flood modelling using a numerical model of Delft3D flexible mesh: A case study in downtown of Shanghai city, China","Sutter, V.B.","Jonkman, S.N. (mentor); Bricker, J. (mentor); Ke, Q. (mentor); Van de Ven, F. (mentor)","2019","In this additional thesis a 2D urban flood model in the downtown area of Shanghai was investigated. Therefore a numerical model of Delft3D flexible mesh (DFM) was used. Since the model was investigated from scratch, a lot of data analysis and pre-processing was required to have reasonable input data. As input data a surface elevation map, a map with roughness coefficients, the drainage capacity and the infiltration capacity was required. Furthermore data of two typhoon events was available, one event on September 13, 2013 and the other on August 8, 2012 which also was used as input data. For the model in DFM a rectangular grid with a resolution of 50 m was used. The same resolution was used for the input data. A simulation for both rainfall events was done and it was found that the locations with the most intense rainfall and the locations with the highest inundation depths agreed with each other. Furthermore it was found that the highest inundation depths occurred at the same time when the highest rainfall intensities occurred. For most locations the resulted inundation depths were smaller than 0.1 m but there were also several locations with higher inundation depths. Furthermore a sensitivity analysis for all input data was done. It was found that the roughness values had only very few influence on the inundation depths and it depends on the location if the depths increase or decrease with changed roughness values. A higher infiltration leaded to slightly smaller inundation depths, but most of the differences were smaller than 5 cm The highest influence on the inundation depths was found when the drainage capacity was changed. When no drainage system was available, the inundation depths almost doubled. Hence, inundation depths up to 1 m occurred. This can be explained by the fact, that the drainage of rainwater is one of the main functions of a sewer system which was completely neglected in this case. For Jingan district a more detailed unstructured grid was established. Therefore curvilinear grids for the roads and triangular grids between the roads were combined. It was found that this grid leaded to better results because of the more accurate flow directions.","Shanghai; Delft3D flexible mesh; numerical model; urban flood modelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Additional thesis","",""
"uuid:34594c25-4da2-4d19-a192-6c54e2cb248a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:34594c25-4da2-4d19-a192-6c54e2cb248a","Bridging the gap between technology and policy: An assessment on how to report progress in efficient water use in agriculture by means of remote sensing data","Tantawy, Iman (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Mostert, Erik (mentor); Onencan, Abby (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Water use has increased with double the rate of population growth in the twentieth century. Combined with changing diets due to increased global economic wealth, almost 50 per cent more food needs to be produced to meet demand, implying that fresh water availability will face even greater stress. At the same time, climate change is predicted to have a massive impact on water availability by drastically altering hydrological regimes across the globe. The development of a tool to monitor water productivity is part of the first objective of the Dutch government to increase water use efficiency in agriculture with 25% in the Dutch partner countries. Water Productivity is an indicator that links agricultural yield with the amount of water that had been consumed for its production (kg/m3). The FAO WaPOR (Water Productivity Open-access Portal) project, implemented by the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations (FAO), has been funded by Dutch Ministry of Foreign affairs and uses remote sensing data to monitor agricultural land- and water productivity throughout Africa and the Middle East. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs aims to have the FAO WaPOR data portal used as a tool to assist and provide policymakers with information needed to make policy decisions in a way that benefits and contributes to SDG 6. Furthermore, the data is supposed to be used for yearly reports in which progress of the projects that are funded with the Dutch developing aid budget are presented to the Dutch parliament. However, implementation of the FAO WaPOR data for monitoring has been a challenge due, among others, to the fact that both the use of satellite technology as well as the concept of water productivity are relatively new and still need time to embed in the current policymaking sector. In addition, it is not yet clear what information policymakers, such as the Dutch government and parliament, actually need to make good policy decisions with respect to SDG 6 and 2. In this additional thesis, the definition of Crop Water Productivity will be limited to the crop yield per unit of water evaporated that was used for its production in (kg/m3). The evaporated water is subsequently defined and limited to the amount of water that was brought in for irrigation purposes, the so-called blue water evaporation. A draft methodological note is proposed that includes guidelines on how to use and present the available information on FAO WaPOR data portal for results reporting and are complementary to the international frameworks and standards of SDG 6.4. A distinction was proposed between a so-called active and passive results. Passive results involve the investments made to enable policy and decision-makers with supporting tools (such as data provision) and capacity (building) to improve water use efficiency in agriculture. Active results directly contribute to improved water use in agriculture on the field level and can be quantified in terms of an increased percentage in water productivity. A final recommendation is given to invest in the partner countries that suffer from physical water scarcity, considering that the incentive to improve water productivity in those countries are much higher. Countries with physical water scarcity and are so-called partner countries of the Netherlands include, Egypt, Jordan, the Palestinian Territories, Yemen and Sudan.","Water Productivity; Policy framework; Remote Sensing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:3c23dc34-2124-40fa-a1f5-31963a762551","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3c23dc34-2124-40fa-a1f5-31963a762551","Automatic generation of floor plans for indoor navigation using point cloud","Rajvanshi, Ullas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Verhagen, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This paper describes a methodology for an automated floor plan generation using point cloud captured via Mobile Laser Scanner(MLS) for indoor navigation purposes. The method takes as input a 3D point cloud and using geometrical features, a
ground plane histogram is computed representing the points density using projection. Finally using edge extraction and Hough Transform the polylines are extracted out in a very robust and efficient manner. This methodology works for any cluttered environment due to the projection and obtaining a volumetric slice where the extra noise is then removed using cluttering techniques. The
methodology tested on a hallway of academic building gives promising results.","Indoor Positioning; Point cloud; Laser scanning; indoor reconstruction","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","",""
"uuid:9ce1fc16-4cc5-4dfe-aa6d-613104ba0570","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9ce1fc16-4cc5-4dfe-aa6d-613104ba0570","Comparison of Cloud Droplet Number Concentrations derived from Remote Sensing Observations and Köhler Theory based Activation Parameterizations","Schmidt-Ott, Fabian (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Russchenberg, H.W.J. (mentor); Biskos, G. (mentor); Riva, R.E.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In the present research, the activation parameterization method introduced by Nenes and Seinfeld (2003) was compared and evaluated to a remote sensing-based method by Rusli, Donovan & Russchenberg (2017) for determining the cloud drop number concentration. Both methods have fundamentally different approaches for indirectly determining the cloud droplet number concentration. The parameterization method is based on the Köhler Theory, in which the activation process of particles contained in a rising parcel is modelled for predicting the number concentrations of cloud droplets. The remote sensing method, on the other hand, applies theories about particle-light interactions. Since the remote sensing method determines the cloud droplet concentrations in a more direct manner than the parameterization method, it is regarded here as the reference. An agreement was found between the two models, with a relative error of cloud droplet number concentrations between 41.1% and 78.0%, which lead to errors of the cloud’s scattering intensity in the range of 13% and 26%. Despite some discrepancies between the obtained droplet concentrations, the parameterization model shows similar trends to the remote sensing observations. It was found that the updraft velocity that is needed as input variable for the parameterization model has the largest influence on the model’s prediction of droplets concentrations, and that it is likely to be an important cause for the seen discrepancies. Furthermore, the present research shows how assumptions were made on the size distribution input variable used in the parameterization model, which were not available from observations.","Kohler Theory; Cloud; Modeling; Cloud Condensation Nuclei; Remote Sensing; Aerosol; Particle Activation; Droplet Growth","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Additional Master Thesis",""
"uuid:47a7501c-2d6f-4fcb-ba92-fb75996777fd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:47a7501c-2d6f-4fcb-ba92-fb75996777fd","Puerto de Talcahuano: Port expansion design proposal for the port of Talcahuano, situated in the bay of Concepción","Bottemanne, Job (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); van Gils, Martijn (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Taks, Thomas (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Martens, Roland (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Teeling, Jelle (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Hendrikse, H. (mentor); van der Hout, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (degree granting institution)","2019","The port authority of the Port of Talcahuano has the desire to expand the port. The goal of the expansion is to increase the berth space and attract more vessels, thus increasing their throughput. This report is an advise to the port authority on the possibilities of expanding. Four preliminary port designs aremadewith the requirement of the ability to berth two 180mvessels. AMulti-Criteria Analysis has been used to determine the most suitable scenario. The detailed design for this scenario is composed of a quay design, a dredging plan, an earthquake and tsunami impact analysis, market prospect analysis and a financial analysis. A technical design for port expansion, as well as a market strategy has been advised to the port authority.","Talcahuano; Design proposal; Department of Ports","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP251","-36.724800, -73.117000"
"uuid:4954aaaf-4fe8-4720-91da-d86d1bce3641","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4954aaaf-4fe8-4720-91da-d86d1bce3641","Exploring Demand Patterns of a Ride-Sourcing Service using Spatial and Temporal Clustering","Liu, Theo (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Krishnakumari, P.K. (mentor); Cats, O. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","On-demand transit has become a common mode of transport with ride-sourcing companies like Uber, Lyft, Didi transforming the way we move. With the increase in popularity for such services, the supply needs to adapt according to the demand. For this, the demand needs to analyzed to examine if there are recurrent patterns in them; making it predictable and easily manageable. The identified demand patterns can then be used for optimized fleet management. In this paper, we propose three steps for extracting such demand patterns from travel requests (1) constructing the origin-destination zones by spatial clustering (2) calculating the hourly origin-destination matrix for each day, and (3) temporal clustering to extract the dynamic demand patterns. We demonstrate the three step approach on the open-source Didi taxi data. The data is composed of 1 month (November 2016) of travel requests data from a small area in Chengdu, China with approximately 200 000 rides for a single day on average. It can provide insight into the day-to-day regularity and within-day regularity of the demand patterns in Chengdu.","ride-sourcing; spatial clustering; temporal clustering; demand patterns","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","CriticalMaaS","30.7, 104.1"
"uuid:6033646f-fa95-4cf1-9584-d1ff46bd4113","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6033646f-fa95-4cf1-9584-d1ff46bd4113","Erosion on Isle of Palms due to shoal bypassing","Boersma, Floris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Janmaat, Rens (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van de Ven, Daan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Veenman, Tjerk (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Rhede van der Kloot, Godert (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","de Schipper, M.A. (mentor); Pearson, S.G. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","At Isle of Palms there is a lot of erosion due to shoal bypassing events. Five TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering students went to the island under supervision of Coastal Science and Engineering. The main scope of the report is to create a thorough understanding of the processes that form, transform and propagate the shoals that cause catastrophic erosion and finding ways to deal with this erosion. The movement of the shoals, but also the entire ebb tidal delta has been analysed for the last 10 years in this report. It is tried to form conclusions from this dataset although some conclusions are still highly uncertain. It is seen that there is not only a episodic erosional trend with a period of around a decade, but also one with a longer period. For both of these types of erosion designs are proposed to mitigate the negative effects of these erosions. It is found that the current practice of 10 yearly nourishments is the most effective way to cope with the erosion. However some notes have to be made that further research can improve the current nourishment strategies.","Shoal bypassing; Isle of Palms; South Carolina; Episodical; Erosion","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP273","32.819412, -79.734383"
"uuid:d2010729-2b87-40ac-895a-65b2b7379a4c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d2010729-2b87-40ac-895a-65b2b7379a4c","Evaluating the Sample Size for LIBS characterisation in Mining Operations","Elpenhof, Chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Buxton, Mike (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","In the mining industry, sampling is an essential feature for the characterization of the material when all available material cannot be examined and only a small fraction of the total is evaluated. This study addresses how the minimum number of samples required to obtain a statistically accurate answer. This is important since less sample measurement save time and money. The sample size is related to the homo- and heterogeneity of a rock sample, where the sample size of a homogeneous material is smaller than a heterogeneous material. Many types of research is carried out on the sampling theory, but it is hard to create a formula to determine the sample size beforehand based on a rate of heterogeneity. The homogeneity percentage is not linked to the sample size, but with a spatial elemental distribution, this can be possible. However, further research is needed in order to answer the question more exact for a situation that is more complex. This study first mentions several definitions of homogeneity, second their origin within geology is evaluated. Last this is calculated with theoretical models to explore the minimum sample size required. The project evaluates how the sample size changes when homogeneity, heterogeneity and spatial distribution of the grade varies within a rock image. It is done with the help of an image analysis tool which creates a homogeneity curve, the mean and standard deviations for an increasing sample size. The standard deviations are used to generate answer within different levels of confidence for certain margins of error.
Also, the variogram is used to determine the spatial correlation of the sample and interpolation is made using a general kriging method. Multiple images are evaluated with different rates of homogeneity, the number of elements and their spatial distribution. This study proofs generating more samples increases the accuracy of the characterization. With a lower target grade, the sample size will increase and also with an increasing image or grid size the number of samples will decrease. The variogram gives a first impression of the homogeneity since a smaller range and sill indicates more homogeneous material.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:95f9e5b9-1ab2-4b7d-bb0e-727d4573f432","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:95f9e5b9-1ab2-4b7d-bb0e-727d4573f432","Punctuation in Teusaquillo: Chair of Methods and Analysis Studio Positions in Practice","Borczyńska, Ksymena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Çakir, Ege (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Gołębiewska, Emilia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van der Heide, Iris (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Huang, Danlei (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kao, Hsuanya (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Lam, Hiu Ching Debby (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Leone, Silvia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Leung, Cherk Ga (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Logotheti, Ilianna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Lopes Cardozo, Rebecca (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Panasiuk, Agnieszka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Peluffo Navarro, Miguel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Petrounine, Alexander (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rossoni, Elena (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Słopnicka, Julia (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Stubbs, Robby (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Ulbrich, Isabel (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Havik, K.M. (mentor); Mejia Hernandez, J.A. (mentor); Altes Arlandis, A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Methods and Analysis | Positions in Practice","",""
"uuid:e52c2c63-29ea-41ac-b729-3f1e0756eea8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e52c2c63-29ea-41ac-b729-3f1e0756eea8","Midtown: Right in the MIDst of a climate resilient and vibrant HousTOWN","van den Berg, Nadine (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hendriks, Onno (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Boertje, Laurens (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","Houston, TX is known for being flood prone. Recent disasters such as Hurricane Harvey (2017) severly damaged this city. Houston’s flooding problem is caused by urban sprawl, the flatness of the city and the lack of policy. The urban sprawl increases the amount of concrete and limits the city’s natural drainage, the flatness of the city means the water has nowhere to go, and the lack of policy causes a lack of stricter building regulations and zoning laws in regards to allowing developers to pave over crucial acres of land that could otherwise absorb rainwater.
Recently the green light is given for the reroute project of the I–45 highway. The
part of the I–45 between the districts of Midtown and Downtown will disappear. A new plan for this inbetween area is needed. In this report we will use an integrated approach to work from the biggest scale level of down towards the smallest scale level, combining the disciplines of urbanism, water mangement and infrastructure for the Midtown neighborhood of Houston.
The research question for this project is: “How can we make Midtown a flood and climate resilient, vibrant part of Houston?” Which will lead to our wider I–45 area vision.
We suggest to replace the I–45 with a lower level beach. The beach will function as a recreational public space and as a detention area for water in case of heavy rainfall. Around the beach there are mid rise buildings, and the beach will be connected to ditches that will be placed all over Midtown. Different measures of the 3 disciplines will be applied on 4 scales through passports containing guidelines based on the American grid system to realize a flood and climate resilient, vibrant Midtown. These sets of passports have great potential because they are also applicable in other neighborhood with the American grid system.","Flood risk; Houston; Texas; Hurricane Harvey; Pluvial flooding; Flood resilience; Climate resilience; Urban beach; Bayou","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","AR0086 AR0093 | Infrastructure and Environmental Design",""
"uuid:11ec6ce8-c20a-4fb8-a49c-605c8b145e60","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:11ec6ce8-c20a-4fb8-a49c-605c8b145e60","Effect of aeration by micro - bubbles on methane production in anaerobic digestion","Guleria, Tavishi (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lindeboom, Ralph (mentor); Weissbrodt, David (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This study aims to look at the effect of introducing controlled amounts of oxygen on biogas quantity and quality during anaerobic digestion. The anaerobic digestion process is studied, specifically, it’s biochemical processes, to understand the effect of addition of oxygen. Anaerobic sludge is aerated to mimic DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) conditions, where tap water is pressurized (at 3 and 5 bar) and then depressurized in contact with the anaerobic sludge in a column reactor. During the course of this process, air micro-bubbles which were dissolved under high pressure are released due to contact with atmospheric conditions. To estimate and compare the methane production of the originally collected non-aerated sludge (anaerobic sludge not aerated in the column reactor, therefore, considered as 0 bar) and aerated sludge (anaerobic sludge subjected to high-pressure micro-air bubbles in the column reactor at 3 and 5 bar) a BMP test is conducted. Methane production was found to be lower in the aerated sludge with the BMP value for the 0 bar sludge being 296.17 +/- 45.15 NLCH4kg 1 and the value for 5 bar aerated sludge being 252.26 +/- 16.8 NLCH4 kg 1. Biogas composition of the aerated sludge was also examined with a Gas Chromatography (GC) machine and the percentage of methane, carbon dioxide and oxygen were measured for the 3 and 5 bar aerated sludge. For the 5 bar
aerated sludge, the overall percentages are averaged at 30%, 70%, and 1% respectively and for the 3 bar aerated sludge the average values are 20%, 80%, and 1% respectively. Furthermore, particle size distribution (PSD) analysis was done to compare variations for particle sizes between the aerated (5 bar) and non-aerated (0 bar) sludge. Very low variation was observed between these samples with the average size of the aerated samples being marginally smaller than the non-aerated sludge, indicating poor separation efficiency for the separation method adopted.","Bio methane potential; dissolved air flotation; micro-bubbles; aeration; anaerobic digestion","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:d494c932-fc39-4c16-8d3b-883942e6cac4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d494c932-fc39-4c16-8d3b-883942e6cac4","Safety trends in EU Member States: is there a learning pattern across nations?","Borsos, Attila (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hagenzieker, M.P. (mentor); Farah, H. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","It is generally accepted that the road safety trend of a country is influenced by many factors related to the infrastructure, vehicles, health care etc. Nevertheless, road safety improvement is also a result of a learning process, which can come at an individual and a societal level, according to the current available literature. The former is due to the relationship between exposure (number of events an individual experiences) and risk of road accidents, and the latter is due to the learning process in the society.
The authors argue that the long-term improvement in safety does not only happen through individual and societal (i.e., within society) learning, but also through a third dimension which is the learning process across nations (i.e., in between societies). In this paper we attempt to capture this phenomenon in two ways using data for the EU Member States.
We first analyze countries’ progress in safety improvement in relation to their motorization level. Then we use panel regression to investigate whether the Human Development Index (HDI) as a measure of knowledge is a better predictor of safety instead of exposure measures (like car ownership level). The results show that for many countries lagging behind both in motorization and safety it took less time to converge in terms of safety than in motorization level. We also found that the HDI is overall a better predictor. While a few countries are already getting close to the saturation point in their motorization, an alternative knowledge-based predictor is needed for these countries to better describe trends in mortality rate.","road safety trends; learning pattern; knowledge transfer; motorization; EU","en","student report","","","","","","","","2021-03-06","","","","","",""
"uuid:b397cbc2-fbdf-4204-8f5c-e74d5f683e01","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b397cbc2-fbdf-4204-8f5c-e74d5f683e01","Impact of Soil Moisture and Vegetation Water Content on Backscatter Simulated by WCM at Different Radar Parameters in Maize Field","Gao, Ge (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Steele-Dunne, Susan (mentor); Khabbazan, Saeed (graduation committee); Verhagen, Sandra (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","This paper analysis the effects of soil moisture and vegetation water content (VWC) on total backscattering (σ_tot^0) simulated by water cloud model (WCM) throughout a growth cycle of maize at different frequencies, polarization modes, and incidence angles. Firstly, the bare soil backscatter (σ_soil^0) was simulated by Integral Equation Method (IEM) surface scattering model [1] or Dubois empirical backscattering approach [2]. Then, to analysis the effect of vegetation cover, a standard and a double layer WCM based on parameter sets of three published studies [3]-[5] are applied in this study area to simulate the two components of σ_tot^0, direct backscatter from vegetated surface (σ_veg^0) and attenuated soil backscatter (〖γ^2 σ〗_soil^0). The input parameters of IEM, Dubois and WCM are supported by a series of ground measurements performed in Florida during the entire growth season, which includes soil moisture, surface roughness and vegetation biomass measurement. According to the analysis at different frequency and incident angle, the increase of bulk VWC can lead to either an increase or decrease in σ_(tot ). The different impact is determined by either σ_veg^0 or 〖γ^2 σ〗_soil^0 is the main contributor to σ_tot^0. At higher frequencies and larger incident angles, where the dominant part is from σ_veg^0, σ_tot^0 will increase with increasing bulk VWC. While, when 〖γ^2 σ〗_soil^0 becomes the main contributor to σ_tot^0, increasing bulk VWC leads to a denser canopy and thus more incoming microwave is attenuated. Therefore, increasing bulk VWC results in a decrease in σ_tot^0. Besides, according to the results obtained at C-band, different incident angle, HH-polarized microwaves are more sensitive to changes in bulk VWC, especially at larger incident angle. VV-polarization is less affected by vegetation cover, σ_tot^0is sensitive to soil moisture even at peak biomass and large incidence angles, which is attributed to scattering along the soil-vegetation pathway.","Water-cloud model; radar backscatter coefficient; vegetation water content","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:af4a3f56-0cba-461b-b95b-cc16a6d942cd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:af4a3f56-0cba-461b-b95b-cc16a6d942cd","Greenland Ice Sheet Memory for Cloud Radiation determines its impact on the Surface Mass Balance","Izeboud, Maaike (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","Lhermitte, Stef (mentor); de Roode, Stephan (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2019","As of yet, there is no consensus on the role of the cloud radiative effect (CRE) on the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS). This study focuses on the seasonal and temporal variability of the CRE, to better understand the response of the firn. To do so, we combine satellite observations, climate-model output, and a snow model. We separate short-term and long-term impacts.
The results show a positive CRE for all seasons, with an annual short-term CRE of 24.7 $Wm^{-2}$, which is largest in fall. The long-term response of the GrIS to the CRE is positive and dominant in summer ablation areas, decreasing the albedo and enhancing melt-water runoff.
This long-term effect stresses the influence of the firn conditions on its response to CRE, and highlights the need to include a snow model to study GrIS cloud radiation. The (lack off) long-term component of the CRE explains the conflict in previous studies.
Tourism along the Hicacos peninsula has been on the rise and will continue to do so. The Oasis beach hotel is capitalizing on this trend by building a larger new hotel. However, no characteristic flat white coral beach is present in front of it. Tourist demand is greatly driven by the presence of such a beach. Year-round erosion was verified to be partly caused by a blocking of longshore sediment transport.
The local harbour groyne at the eastern beach section was found to be responsible for this but may not be adapted, as it is a necessity for the harbour entrance. Demolition of existing hydraulic structures, construction of a groyne at the westward boundary and sand nourishing are proposed as a zero-solution to ensure sufficient beach width (40 metres) at the 800-metre coastal segment.
Durability is not achieved through this zero-solution as the average lifetime between maintenance nourishments is smaller than one year.
This result shows that successful development of the Oasis beach sector can only be achieved by considering cross-shore erosion processes as well. An important aspect of the cross-shore transport was expected to be the effect of tropical storms on Oasis beach. To ensure the safety of tourists in storm conditions, an assessment of the infrastructure was required.
A multidisciplinary path was chosen to ensure safety of inhabitants, tourists and capital, especially during hurricanes. Flood safety, coastal engineering, transport and infrastructure form the core pillars of the research. Two distinct events were simulated to determine the morphodynamical response of the Oasis beach, namely hurricanes Wilma (2005) and Irma (2017). Both affected the northern coast of Cuba greatly, but passed Varadero from opposite directions. A general hurricane scenario was tested in evacuation assessments of the entire peninsula, which has just one exit road. Furthermore, the capacity of the current evacuation scheme was projected on the expected population and tourists visiting the peninsula in 2048.
Proposed coastal solutions were the construction of a submerged breakwater along the entire length of the beach, an artificial reef or a combination of the two. Normal, cold front and hurricane conditions were imposed upon these structures using XBeach software to test their performance. The subsequent infrastructural safety of the hinterlands was modelled using Simio software.
Results yielded good performance of the artificial reef against structural erosion from both the normal north-eastern wave climate and the northern cold front waves. The submerged breakwater performed better in hurricane conditions though extension of both groynes was found necessary to keep sediments within the Oasis beach system.
A multi criteria analysis was used to determine the best coastal intervention given the project requirements. Initially, no financial motives were used to determine the optimal solution. The results of this analysis stated a preference for the installation of an artificial reef. Its added recreational value was not quantified and thus not discounted from the initial investment. In detailed design, cost estimations of all viable design alternatives showed that the rtificial reef was also a relatively affordable option.
The final recommended design that ensures beach durability thus consists of: demolition of weathered hydraulic structures, western groyne placement, initial nourishment, artificial reef deployment and maintenance nourishment for a 30-year lifetime. A modelling of the definitive design with, also including the vegetation of the dunes indicated the Oasis beach section to be flood safe.
The total cost of this intervention amounts to approximately $900,000 and takes 28 months to complete. If monitored well, the artificial reef will increase its coastal defence capacities and functionality is expected to exceed the 30-year lifetime.
Recommendations regarding storm safety also include the evacuation process of tourists during the extreme hurricane conditions, on which the coastal design was based. Various projections of the growth of the number of tourists on the Hicacos peninsula have been simulated in a Simio evacuation transport model. The model indicated that even for the largest projected growth of tourism in Varadero, the infrastructure suffices and using a 50:50 ratio between evacuees being transported in buses and cars, it is possible to evacuate the peninsula in twenty-four hours.
To be able to evacuate using this optimal ratio, an increase in car ownership in Cuba is required before 2048, as a shortage exists in the current situation. Therefore, the peninsula is still considered storm-safe, but monitoring of the actual increase in tourists is advised.
than the eastern part, as river discharge plays a larger role in the western part of the lagoon. Secchi depth, temperature, dissolved oxygen, sediments and salinity are all different here compared to the eastern part of the lagoon. Salinity and river discharge, as well as air and water temperatures, show to be highly correlated. A tidal watershed divides the lagoon in two approximately equal areas, following the mentioned separation of east and west. Residual currents flow along the boundaries of the lagoon from east to west. A circular
residual current in the lagoon is observed near the Puerto Real inlet in created temperature and Secchi depth maps. Nortes season shows highest salinity and lowest Secchi depths, where dry season shows lowest salinity. Both inlets are expected to sedimentate and sediments outside the lagoon move westward. Climatological influences are uncertain, though likely effects are increased water temperature, salinity, flushing time and a decrease in residual current. Mentioned effects are likely most noticeable in the eastern part of the lagoon.
Further research is necessary to achieve ecological goals in the region.","Terminos Lagoon; Multidisciplinary project; Tropical lagoon; Eustuary system; Hydrological processes; hydrodynamical processes; spatial distribution; water parameters; Secchi depth","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Terminos Lagoon","18.5, -91.5"
"uuid:e7fd69d8-118b-413e-9317-68d99bdb3f00","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7fd69d8-118b-413e-9317-68d99bdb3f00","Making value assessment communicable","Beemster, Sjoerd (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:e7bd969e-2c83-49c2-b66e-323a162c8417","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7bd969e-2c83-49c2-b66e-323a162c8417","PoDeA, Port development Argentina","Deckers, Daan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Dijk, Mathijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Grund, Mitchel (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Hendrickx, Gijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); de Koning, René (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Smit, Niels (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Vellinga, Tiedo (mentor); Arecco, P.H.E. (mentor); de Gijt, Jarit (mentor); Voorendt, Mark (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","This report contains the conceptual lay-out for two possible expansions of the port of Bahía Blanca. To determine the best conceptual lay-outs, emphasis is drawn to understand the physical system to determine the effect of the expansion of the port on the natural system. The port of Bahía Blanca is situated at the end of a ria, or tidal basin. For the designs, different conceptual lay-outs are developed and simulated in a hydrodynamic model called MOHID. This is a 2D depth-averaged model (2DH), which uses a rough bathymetry grid of the ria to determine the effect of the port development. There are three mutations of the different port expansions on the environment, which are investigated using the MOHID-model: (1) the East expansion, containing reclamation of tidal flats and closure of a side channel; (2) the South expansion, containing a widening and elongation of the channel and reclamation of tidal flats; and (3) the deepening of the entire navigation channel to various minimum depths. From the results of the MOHID-model on the East expansion conclusions on the mutations of the different port expansions are drawn. For the East expansion, only small changes are predicted; only local erosion in the navigation channel near the expansion may occur. For the South expansion, the flow velocities reduce in the entire stretch and there seems to be sedimentation at the eastern part of the expansion.
As a conclusion the best and most feasible designs are chosen. The best design is the lay-out that obtained the highest score in the MultiCriteria- Analysis (MCA). The most feasible design is the design having the highest cost/benefit ratio determined by a Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA). The east bank is located close to the current port, Ingeniero White, on tidal flats which are inundated at high-water and dry at low-water. For the East expansion, different port lay-outs are developed mainly differing in amount of reclaimed land, length of viaducts and the presence of a mooring basin. The best design on the east is characterised as being very compact and having small viaducts between the dry bulk and agribulk terminals and jetties. The main advantage of this design is the small expected increase of siltation, good safety and sufficient future expansion possibilities. The most feasible design, however, is characterised by long viaducts reducing the costs of the design. The other appointed location for the port expansion is the south bank, opposite of the current port development. This location, however, is characterised by one main disadvantage; It is far from any form of connection with the hinterland. Nevertheless, in 2013, the port authority (CGPBB) initiated the start of small reclamation works. The best and most feasible design fully utilises this reclaimed portion of land. Moreover, the best design has a small expected increase of siltation in the port area. For a final designs, all previous designs are combined to create a design in which all the advantages of each of the designs are fully incorporated. Therefore, this design has little reclamation as well as viaducts with only intermediate lengths.","Argentina; Bahia Blanca; Conceptual lay-out; Conceptual Port Design; Terminals; MOHID; estuary","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP271",""
"uuid:5348d7e2-24ce-4010-a882-f02108c1a0a1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5348d7e2-24ce-4010-a882-f02108c1a0a1","An Overview of wood in rivers","van den Berg, Mario (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Wood can be used to rehabilitate degraded water bodies (lakes and rivers). However wood has historically been removed from river systems to improve flood protection, inland navigation and drink water quality. These actions reduced and degraded the aquatic habitat of the effected river systems. Rijkswaterstaat is interested in reintroducing wood to rehabilitate the aquatic (and terrestrial) habitat of river systems.
In order to successfully reintroduce wood in river systems it is necessary to identify where the wood comes from? How is it transported? How does it accumulate? And what are the effects on stream ecology and geomorphology? This knowledge can be used to determine if already naturally occurring wood in river systems can be managed to achieve the goal of river rehabilitation. If no or too little wood is present in the river system, an engineered solution can be used. This engineered solution is known as Engineered Log Jam (ELJ). These structures use wood as construction material to rehabilitate rivers. The stability, design and implementation of ELJs in rivers is a complex process.
This report provides an overview on the identification, classification, importance and management of wood in river systems. Secondly the gives an overview of studies done on the stability of wood in rivers, the design (process) of ELJs and the geomorphological impact of ELJs on river systems.
From the studies reviewed in this report it is clear that wood plays an important role in river systems. Wood directly effect river ecology and geomorphology by forming log jams. Proper management of wood is therefore required if one wishes to retain a healthy river system. Where one wishes to (re)introduce wood in a river system using ELJ structures the design process is vital. The first step is to identify the characteristics and properties of the river section. The second step is designing the correct ELJs for the desired goals. The last step is constructing and monitoring the ELJs. Evaluation is important to obtain points of improvement.","Wood; Rivers; LWD; ELJ","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:3ef7a56e-4062-4139-af98-5b8b60357416","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3ef7a56e-4062-4139-af98-5b8b60357416","An intervention study to gain insight on sustainable water supply strategies in El Progreso, Panama: a Multidisciplinary Project in the Colon Province","Kleijn, Sarah (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Visser, Swaen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Vollaers, Vita (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Wiggins, Joris (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Wijngaarden, Jeroen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Ertsen, M.W. (mentor); Leijten, M. (mentor); Luxemburg, W.M.J. (mentor); de Krijger, K. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The main focus of this project is to gain insight into feasible strategies for sustainable water supply in a community inhabited by indigenous people. This was done by an intervention study in a small village called El Progreso in the province of Colon, on the Caribbean coast of Panama. The project aims to provide safe drinking water to the 80 members of the Embera tribe, living in El Progreso. This is done by constructing rainwater harvesting tanks where rainwater will be collected from roofs of houses and school buildings and stored within the tanks. We want to investigate the impact of this system, which supplies safe drinking water on a daily basis, on the community. The construction of the storage tanks (ferrocement) will stimulate and create local entrepreneurship. In these ways we will take our first step towards a sustainable local enterprise and sustainable employment. This can ultimately result in a long-term development in the El Progreso area. The project consists of 3 study topics: the physical construction of the rainwater harvesting tanks and the project control and quality that comes with this, evaluating the quality and quantity of available water sources in the area of rainwater and rainwater and the possible changes in the community due to this project (both the influence of the newly constructed tanks on daily life as well as the presence of aid in the community and social impacts that comes along with this). The project resulted in the construction of 11 tanks, improved job opportunities for several community members, improved trust in aid organizations as well as connecting the community to a national aid network for future projects.","Intervention study; Rainwater harvesting; Panama; Indigenous community","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MDP261",""
"uuid:957c87ec-f858-424b-b64d-fb4bc2deb105","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:957c87ec-f858-424b-b64d-fb4bc2deb105","Floodproof Galveston: A multidisciplinary project on flood risk and exploration of effective mitigation measures for the City of Galveston","Rooze, Daan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van Hugten, Max (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Huijsman, Nino (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Kok, Nils (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Kothuis, B.L.M. (mentor); van de Ven, F.H.M. (mentor); van Berchum, E.C. (mentor); van Nederveen, G.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","In the past, Galveston Island has suffered from several tropical storms and hurricanes. Some of them have had a tremendous impact on the City of Galveston and its inhabitants. Two recent hurricanes, Ike (2008) and Harvey (2017), caused significant damage and struck the city in different manners. While Hurricane Ike brought about high wind speeds and surge, Hurricane Harvey deposited extreme amounts of precipitation over the island.
There is a high probability that the City of Galveston will be struck again by a major hurricane. Hence, research is needed on mitigation measures that reduce the flood vulnerability of Galveston. More specifically, the simultaneous occurrence of surge and extreme precipitation is worth investigating, as currently little is known about the synergy between these aspects.
This report elaborates on how the risk of flooding in the City of Galveston can be mitigated, considering the influences of extreme pluvial, coastal and compound flooding.
In order to provide adequate mitigation measures, a vulnerability analysis is performed on the City of Galveston using hydraulic modelling software. Furthermore, a stakeholder and system analysis is done for all relevant stakeholders. Their respective interests, influence and interactions are mapped in a power-interest diagram and tube model. In addition, three residential stakeholder focus sessions were organized which provided valuable validation of the model and evaluation criteria for designs.
The flood vulnerability of the City of Galveston is not merely limited to a single area. Vulnerability maps and an inventory of critical infrastructure show that Galveston has various bottlenecks scattered around the city. A crucial result of the analysis was that flood risk issues in Galveston can be divided into two aspects: nuisance flooding by regularly occurring precipitation and flooding due to hurricanes. This distinction is reflected in the proposed mitigation measures, as they require a fundamentally different approach. While damage caused by nuisance flooding can be fully prevented with the proposed measures, damage resulting from hurricanes can at best be mitigated.
A comprehensive plan containing preliminary measures for both flooding scenarios is proposed for the City of Galveston. As part of this integrated plan, thirteen projects are defined which are elaborated in this report. Proposed measures to prevent damage originating from nuisance flooding include retention and infiltration of stormwater, discharge by pumps and raising frontier roads. Measures that mitigate damage due to hurricanes include breakwaters, retractable barriers and shelters for vertical evacuation.
The authors recommend that more stakeholders are actively involved in interactive design sessions to make the plan more inclusive. Furthermore, for more accurate designs a probabilistic approach is preferred to the deterministic approach used in this report. In addition, more work is needed to elaborate on the design proposals as presented in this report.
The guiding resilient design principles of the Sponge City are further described and explained in Chapter 5 and applied in the opportunistic design process in Chapter 6, bridging the research with the designs. Here the designs of the MengQiao Bridge and the Water Road are presented along with their proposed effects on the urban flooding. Chapter 7 serves to assess the designs through the criteria of the integrated sponge city to improve flood resilience. The following chapter serves to share our conclusions on the challenges for implementing a functioning of the SCP that includes the concept of resilience. It also touches upon the difficulty of implementing the value-based design in a profit-based context. The final chapter is composed of five parts, all of which is our recommendations. It starts with our recommendations to improve the Sponge City criteria to make them more effective in reaching the goals of the programme. Then we give our recommendations for the selection process of LID followed by what we have learned of this interdisciplinary approach. That includes what we consider to be crucial to achieving a genuinely interdisciplinary process resulting in an integrated design. The final part of the chapter is dedicated to what we believe should be researched further. We believe a more in-depth assessment of the designs with the Sponge City criteria and input of the stakeholders is required for a final design. Further, the working definitions and approach of the Wuhan city government need to be considered, and an approach that assesses the necessary maintenance protocols is necessary.
The model has been run in Delft3D and as result large wind-setup driven circulations were obtained. These circulations caused a drop of waterlevel during Irma and an increase under Maria. The saline and fresh waters discharged during the hurricanes were mostly kept onshore and is distributed over the two basins.
This paper proposes a deep seawater intake for the cooling water system of Sohar Industrial Port, Oman. In the region’s summers, surface water temperatures tend to rise to very high levels. Among other things, this results in inefficient cooling of the processes associated with the steel manufacturers, petrochemical plants, refineries and power plants present in the port. The proposed inlet subtracts water 4 km offshore at an average temperature of 24.9 ±C. Using this colderwater, the demand is expected to go downwith approx. 2% in the winter and 16% in the summer, saving system capacity and pumping costs. The 2,148 MW generated power at Sohar port is expected to increase efficiency by 0.72%. Furthermore, the coastal waters are vulnerable to algal blooms. These toxic algae can not be filtered out efficiently and lead to temporary closure of the desalination plants (mainly Reverse Osmosis) causing a threat to the drinking water supply in the entire north of Oman. This paper concludes however that there is not an (economically) feasible inlet location that is unaffected by the algal blooms. Other water characteristics such as turbidity and organic content are also expected not to show significant improvement at the proposed inlet location but more elaborate measurements should validate this.
A technical feasibility study was conducted to find the optimal system design. Multiple alternative materials being metals, alloys, HDPE and concrete have been investigated to serve as water conveyors to transport the water from the inlet to the shore. A possible design for the off-shore water inlet structure was made as well as a recommended design for the connection of the pipelines with the current facilities. Site selection, material selection, friction head loss calculations, pipeline sizing, concrete ballast weights, seabed pipeline stability and planning have been discussed in this report. Finally, a financial feasibility study has been conducted. A model was built and costs have been quantitatively estimated based on the technical design. Benefits have been quantified where possible and if not, were qualitatively described. It is concluded that it is not financially feasible to build a deep seawater intake for the entire port. Building a limited-scale variant, only providing RO and power plants, is a better solution but still unfeasible. Recommendation is done to scrutinise the processes within power plants and RO-plants further as their potential benefits are considerable.","Feasibility study off-shore seawater intake","en","student report","","","","","","Master Project Report","","2020-10-30","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","MDP269","24.3, 56.7"
"uuid:1a29e9df-2010-4452-a996-9660a615eb6d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1a29e9df-2010-4452-a996-9660a615eb6d","Flood defenses Washington D.C.","van der Linde, Lisa (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Leclercq, Vincent (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Wopereis, Ligaya (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Bricker, J.D. (mentor); Zijlema, M. (mentor); Jommi, C. (mentor); Ferreira, C (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The United States of America have a safety standard for flood protection of 1/100 year. However the flood protections in the Washington D.C. do not comply with this requirement. During this study the levees in Washington D.C. area were analysed and it was found, that in order to comply with the 1/100 safety standard the levees in the NationalMall needs to be heighten by 0.5mand those near the Anacostia river by 1.5m. The safety standard of 1/100 imposed in the United States of America is not based on exact calculation, therefore another design method was applied, which uses an optimal safety level based on the damage cost of floods and investment cost of flood protections.
The calculation of the optimal return period was based on the ’Standaardmethode 2017’ and it was found that the optimal return period at the NationalMall levee is 1/263 years. At the southern bank of the Anacostia river this optimal return period is 1/373 year. With these return periods new levees were designed in order to ensure the safety of the area of Washington D.C. There were two new levees needed around the National mall. The first was situated north of the Lincolnmemory along the Potomac river and the second replaces the temporary flood defence by the 2nd street SW and had an L-shape facing the Potomac river. The Anacostia levee was stretched on the East side in order to comply with the new 1/373 year safety standard. The old and new National mall levees needed a height of 3.5 m and those by the Anacostia needed a height of 8.5 m. It is important to take cautionwith these new levees as some houses needed to be removed. An attempt was made at modelling the above mentioned floods in ADCIRC to improve the accuracy of the design water levels and to verify the final design. However, the model showed instabilities, preventing the results from being used.
Explanations for these instabilities are the incoming water not being properly ramped up, the large vertical gradients in shallow areas and the upstream and downstream boundaries being too close to each other.
As the physical model studies have already been carried out, this study will only focus on replicating the experimental results in the numerical model. A validation procedure will study the effect of grid size (using grid convergence
study) and type of simulation (2-Dimensional/3-Dimensional) used to model the experiment numerically. The final goal of the study is to understand the relationship between the overflowing discharge and the additional force generated due to the non-aeration of the over-flow jet. The entrainment of air from the cavity under the over-flow jet is also of prime interest in this study.
Overall, the numerical results indicate that non-aeration could provide about 17.85% additional force leading to failure by sliding/overturning. It was observed that the forcing on the caisson is not constant but cyclic. This is
a key result from this study affecting the design of the caisson breakwater. Additionally, the aeration mechanism and overflow jet breakup during the flow were also investigated. A mechanism for aeration of the cavity has been proposed as observed in the numerical model results. However, due to the limited scope of the study and time constraints, further investigations with respect to the overflow discharges was not possible.","Breakwater Overtopping; OpenFOAM; CFD modelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering","","39.27581, 141.88569"
"uuid:3510a2a0-9586-44d3-b810-abdcf1b1f535","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3510a2a0-9586-44d3-b810-abdcf1b1f535","Project Bangla, safe water for Bangladesh","Benito Lazaro, Irene (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); van Oorschot, Fransje (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Sobhan, Rubayat (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Veenings, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering); Wegman, Tiemen (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Sanitary Engineering)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","In Bangladesh, groundwater from shallow aquifers is used for communal drinking water supply on a large scale. This water is often polluted by naturally occurring arsenic, causing the largest scale poisoning through drinking water in the world (D. v. Halem, S. Bakker, G. Amy, & J. Van Dijk, 2009). In this report, a highly arsenic affected area in Bangladesh has been investigated. The main objective of this research is to obtain more insight in the three aspects of the DELTAP project: geology, water quality monitoring and safe water supply. It is aimed to analyse the relation between arsenic contamination and the local geology, to monitor the drinking water quality using mobile applications and to design and construct a water treatment unit. An important aspect of this research is to develop a monitoring and maintenance protocol in order to ensure safe water supply in the future. In the study area, 150 households have been selected and the water quality has been tested. The water quality has been assessed by measuring four chemical parameters and five physical parameters, using simple strip tests and mobile water quality applications. The results of the strip tests have been compared to the results of ICP-MS analysis in order to check the performance of the tests and the mobile apps. The arsenic and iron strip tests showed good performance. However, the manganese and mmonium strip tests did not perform well. Furthermore, no relations between the presence of arsenic and other chemicals have been found. It can be concluded that simple strip tests in combination with mobile applications are a promising tool for water quality monitoring, applying the Mobile Crowd Participation strategy. Since arsenic in groundwater has a geological origin, the relation between arsenic concentration in the groundwater and geology should be understood distinctly. In order to get a better understanding of this relationship, multiple tools and theories have been investigated and tested. Firstly, a geo information system has been used to map arsenic concentrations that have been obtained from the performed water quality tests. Based on the spatial analysis of the arsenic concentrations, three drillings have been performed: one drilling in a high, medium and low arsenic contaminated area. By use of the SASMIT tool, a link between sediment colour and arsenic contamination has been observed. Furthermore, geomorphological data and satellite images have been used to identify geological features in landscape which could also be linked to arsenic levels. The sediment colour found in drillings is in good accordance with the arsenic levels found in groundwater and thus, proves to be a useful tool to predict arsenic concentrations in the fieldwork area. However, the geological features in the research area are hard to identify and link to the measured arsenic concentrations. A water treatment unit has been designed and constructed in order to provide safe water to 5 to 10 households. Based on the iron and arsenic concentrations from the ICP-MS results and on practical considerations, a suitable location for the water treatment unit has been selected. The ratio of these parameters is important to remove arsenic from the groundwater efficiently. The water treatment unit is based on oxidation of arsenic along with iron and subsequent filtration with a rapid sand filter. Both chemical and biotic oxidation of arsenic and iron are ensured by setting up a biofilm carrier column before the rapid sand and anthracite filter unit. Finally, a parallel resin column has been installed to remove the residual arsenic. The water quality throughout the system varied substantially during the timeline of the project. The produced safe water at the end of the fieldwork did not meet the drinking water standards set by the WHO. Nevertheless, several recommendations have been provided and, in the future, more intensive backwash of the water treatment unit might be the key to produce and distribute safe water. Overall, a deeper knowledge on arsenic contamination and their effects have been achieved, and the improvement of the Bangladeshis live quality has been attempted.","Arsenic; Multidisciplinary project; Bangladesh; Deltap; biocarrier","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP262","24.4, 88.7"
"uuid:06775315-1268-4338-9c4c-781efb190e7e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:06775315-1268-4338-9c4c-781efb190e7e","Flood Defence Nagoya: Multidisciplinary Project","Dorgelo, Gerjan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van der Reijden, Ineke (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Spannenburg, Trevor (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Delft, Vincent (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Tsubaki, R. (graduation committee); Hoogenboom, P.C.J. (mentor); Peters, D.J. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","At the Shonai River around Nagoya, Japan, several flood related problems occur. These problems occur at different locations, each with its own problems or limitations. The desired safety level as requested by the government is that the river should be able to have a discharge which has a probability of failure of once in 200 years. At many locations, the current probability of failure is lower than once in 50 years. This has led to the following research question:
How can the discharge capacity of the Shonai River be improved to modern standards?
The report has been divided in four phases. The first phase is used to formulate the final research question. This phase focuses on which part of the Nagoya urban area is most prone to flooding. Three kinds of flooding were examined: by peak river discharge, impact by tsunamis and impact by storm surge. The area is already well protected against tsunamis due to the natural shape of the bay Nagoya is situated to. The coastline is well protected against storm surges in the second half of the 20th century. At the river banks however, flood safety is still below the desired level. In the area, risks are relatively high along the Shonai River. Therefore, it has been decided to focus on the threats around the Shonai River. As already described above, there are several locations along the river with safety risks.
In phase 2, several locations and solutions are described to increase the capacity of the river. One major problem is the bottleneck around the Biwajima bridges, where four bridges are narrowing the river. At this location, the desired safety level of a flood discharge occurring once in 200 years is still far away. After discussion with officials of the Shonai River office, it was found that this problem was most urgent. Therefore, it had been chosen to elaborate further on this option in phase 3 and 4.
In phase 3, several options are described to remove the bottleneck. The first option is to replace the bridges with more clearance and larger spans. The second option is to remove the bridges and replace them for tunnels. The third and last option is to construct a bypass along the river, with flow through a tunnel. The Shonai River office is already working on a plan to raise the bridges, thus the first option has been dropped. The second option required large amounts of space for the tunnels. Therefore, it had been decided to work out the third option of creating a bypass. To minimise the impact of such a bypass and its construction on the surrounding area, the decision is made to construct a bored tunnel.
In the fourth and final phase the solution is verified. This is done concerning structural, hydraulic and construction method aspects. All the aspects are found to be possible. In hydraulic aspect, it is found that the required discharge capacity to reach a once in 200 year safety level equals 4250 m3/s. The current discharge capacity is found to be 2850 m3/s. Therefore, the bypass should have a minimal discharge capacity of 1400 m3/s. When using a bored tunnel, it is found that two tunnels with the maximal internal diameter of 16 m should be applied. On top of that, because the concrete surface is to rough in the best circumstances, it was decided to apply an epoxy layer on the surface. Using such a layer, it is found that the total discharge capacity becomes 1490m3/s.
The construction of the tunnel would take 137 weeks to complete. The total costs are estimated to be in the order of ¥60,000,000,000, or 60 billion yen, equivalent to 463 million euro. In comparison, the plan of the river office to replace the bridges would cost ¥68,400,000,000. It can be concluded that this option is a reasonable alternative for the current plan.","Flood; Defence; Nagoya; Shonai; River; Japan","en","student report","","","","","","","","2018-09-01","","","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinary Project","35.1814, 136.9064"
"uuid:40c8f22d-2691-4e29-88ca-121492deab95","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:40c8f22d-2691-4e29-88ca-121492deab95","Evaluation of Crop Water Requirements estimated from Sentinel 2 MSI and Landsat 8 OLI Earth Observation data in MOSES DSS","Vlachos, Kostas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Alfieri, Silvia (mentor); Steele-Dunne, Susan (graduation committee); Menenti, Massimo (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","MOSES DSS web-platform aims to assist stakeholders such as governments and farmers in order to manage water irrigation distribution in a higher efficiency and sustainability. The constructed algorithms are focused on forecast using weather models, data, as well as satellite multispectral observations in such a way that a 7-day ahead crop water requirement estimation is generated. The current drawback of the system in using the available and free satellite products such as Landsat 8 and Sentinel 2, is that it assumes that the crops are under standard conditions, e.g. there is no water stress, diseases etc.. The current work investigates how possible errors due to this assumption can be potentially tackled in the future by comparing Crop Water Requirement (CWR) with S2REP VI and/or with water stress index and see the discriminative power of the latter. Furthermore, a comparison between several discrepancies between S2 and L8 (e.g. AC and co-registration) are studied since it is a crucial issue especially in temporal applications such as MOSES. On the one hand, the results showed that a harmonization of the two products is certainly needed. On the other hand, it seems that S2REP is capable of revealing crop stress information based on the methodologies of this work, thus it could potentially give more information compared to NDVI which is not sensitive to crop stress.","MOSES DSS; Landsat 8; Sentinel 2; Crop Water Requirement; S2REP; crop stress","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MOSES project","44.311924, 12.082855"
"uuid:ce2f89da-4e82-4c77-ae3f-98138037cf93","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ce2f89da-4e82-4c77-ae3f-98138037cf93","From history to future, form a sustainable and dynamic cityscape","Lu, Yao (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","van Loon, F.D. (mentor); Harteveld, Maurice (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:b87b632c-1359-45e1-8167-de9dfee84bfa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b87b632c-1359-45e1-8167-de9dfee84bfa","Effects of a Freshening Boundary Currenton on Deep Convection and Eddy Activity in the Labrador Sea","van Dam, Tim (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Katsman, C.A. (mentor); de Roode, S.R. (mentor); Georgiou, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","A freshening of the boundary current (Labrador current and West Greenland Current) supresses deep convection in the Labrador Sea. Furthermore, the fresher water contributes to the ``strength'' of Irminger Rings and increases their life time. This leads to a larger spread of high EKE into the interior of the Labrador Sea and confines the deep convection region more towards the west.","convection; Labrador; sea; MLD; EKE; GSA; Irminger; IR","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","VIDI",""
"uuid:c8890e24-2650-4927-8473-fac949391de8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c8890e24-2650-4927-8473-fac949391de8","An analysis of compressive strength development in CSEB and optimizing testing methods","Worp, Janna (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Tijdgat, Jim (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Nijman, Rens (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Backx, Stephan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","After the earthquake in 2015 that struck Nepal, students of the Delft University of Technology commenced the multidisciplinary project program “Shock Safe Nepal”. This report describes the effort of the sixth group of students who travelled to Nepal. Following conclusions and specific recommendations of Team 5, the present research has one main goal. This research focuses on improving the overall quality of CSEB and making sure that the final strength of the bricks is constant. This is done by predicting the final strength of CSEB during the early curing stage and using this knowledge to develop a testing method, so the Nepali can monitor the CSEB quality easily and accurately on site in an early production stage. The secondary goal was to perform a dynamic seismic analysis of the pilot house in Ratankot and to get a better understanding of earthquake engineering in Nepal.
To predict the final strength of CSEB, a research into the existence of a drying/hardening curve was performed. Different regions in Nepal ask for different CSEB mixtures because of differences in humidity, temperature, altitude and soil consistency. The biggest influence of the change in hardening process is presumably the cement percentage and therefore also the water/cement ratio. In the Nepali practice this percentage is between 5 and 15 percent, depending on local soil type. Therefore, in this research all soil parameters were kept constant except cement percentages, they range from 5 till 15 percent. To develop a hardening curve, bricks were tested after 5, 8, 14, 21 and 28 days. This was done using a (calibrated) compression machine. Results of these tests showed wide spread. The tested bricks were still moist and it was decided to test the CSEB after 38 days as well. This resulted in an even bigger gain in strength such that the bricks after 38 days were twice the strength of the bricks after 28 days.
General conclusion can be drawn that the time period between the curing and testing of the brick makes a significant difference in the results, so this has to be monitored accurately. Furthermore continued curing does not necessarily contribute to the strength of the bricks or might even have a negative effect.
Results from the compression test showed that the general quality, and thus compression strength, of the bricks was lacking. Only bricks with 15% cement surpass the minimum strength of 3.50 MPa after 38 days. This showed that production site was not working properly, therefor Build Up Nepal was informed. This lack of strength is probably caused by a change in variables. The weather in the winter is very different than in summer, but the curing process wasn’t modified. Also the soil composition differs every time new soil is brought to the site, which can change the strength drastically.
While researching the hardening curves for CSEB, an alternative testing method was developed. Multiple ideas have been tested, such as a torque wrench with vice, a drop test and finally a lever arm test. The first two methods were deemed unusable as they broke down or were not able to produce reliable results. The lever arm test was most promising as this method produced constant results. Against expectations, the strength of the bricks tested by the lever arm tested was much higher than the strength of the bricks tested with the compression tester. This indicated that not exactly the same properties were measured. The results cannot be directly compared to each other. Before the method can be implemented there is more research necessary about which property is tested with the lever arm and the converting factor.
In this report an acquisition protocol and an automatic method for processing the images is developed. Students only need to collect images of their outcrop (following the given acquisition method) and upload them to the server. Some test cases are tested in this report and these results are given. The written workflow works on most test cases, except test cases made with a drone. The problems which arose were the right scale of the 3D models and sparse data at the boundaries of the outcrops. Although the workflow works in most cases, there are several adjustments to do in the future, like to make it more robust, find a method to create the right scales and to display all 3D models in one map.
Alternative preliminary designs were presented to increase the resilience of the local sea dike and to recommend solutions for improving the ferry connection between Holwerd and the island of Ameland due to current dredging operations considered as excessive and which caused ferry delays. Careful consideration was given to designs due to the Wadden Sea being a UNESCO World Heritage Site and therefore protected under environmental legislation. Therefore, minimal negative environmental and ecological impacts were strived for in design of both the alternative dike designs and ferry connection alternatives. The impact that these alternatives may have on the socio-economy of Holwerd was also assessed where applicable.
Some alternatives were initially eliminated due to fatal flaws and the remaining options were evaluated by means of a multi-criteria analysis. The main criteria considered were the environmental impact, practical implementation, socio-economic impact, safety risk and reliability. Costs were evaluated through a subsequent cost-value assessment. The Wide Green Dike concept was the selected preferred solution as a reinforcement design to withstand extreme wave heights and water levels with a 1000-year return period, including sea level rise projections for the next century. This was achieved by performing an extreme water level analysis and wave transformation using the software Delft3D Wave. The Wide Green Dike concept would therefore ensure that the Holwerd sea dike still sufficiently meets the Dutch flood safety standards in the future. In relation to the navigability of the ferry, channel bend cuts are considered the feasible short-term solution to reduce the sailing time by 10 minutes. The long-term solution, adjusting vessel fleet sizes, potentially decreases the current maintenance dredging volume by 20%. The beneficial use of the dredged material for dike reinforcement and salt marsh development are suggested as integrated Building with Nature solutions to provide additional ecosystem services. Environmental Impact Assessments were conducted to identify potential risks related to each of the preferred alternatives and provide mitigation measures to ensure appropriate project implementation.","flood risk; ferry navigation; climate change; Coastal Engineering; dredging; dike assessment; coastal defense; Environmental Impact Assessment; Building with Nature; Multi Criteria Analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Coastal and Marine Engineering and Management (CoMEM)","","53.380195, 5.891690"
"uuid:7140327a-17e8-4218-b7ad-a63193044d4e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7140327a-17e8-4218-b7ad-a63193044d4e","Robust Flood Defence in response to Climate Change: Westkapelle Case","Niazi, Muhammad Hassan Khan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Sigalas, Nikos (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Scott, Fred (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Grossmann, Florian (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Damdam, Khaled (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","van Damme, M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","In the Netherlands flood protection is immensely important for the safety of the nation. The shocking outcome of the 1953 flooding proves this point. In modern days, the development of socioeconomic and climate change factors casts doubt on the effectiveness of conventional approaches to flood risk management. Consequently, this project explored new approaches to flood risk management.
An analysis of climate change effects led to estimation of future loading conditions. Subsequently, a detailed hydrodynamic analysis was conducted. It highlighted the significant levels of uncertainty that climate change introduces into loading conditions. Also, it confirmed the team’s perception, that the Westkapelle case region requires additional safety measures to guarantee an acceptable level of safety in the future. But how to guarantee the acceptable level of safety in the most efficient way? The team adopted the concept of robustness to find an answer. In a keynote publication Mens (2015) describes robustness in the following way: ""Robust flood risk systems have some degree of resistance and some degree of resilience: the system can withstand some floods (no response), and for other (larger) floods impacts are limited and the system can recover quickly from the flood impact (response and recovery)."" The team set out to include robustness as an integral part of the design process to handle uncertainties. The project shall be seen as an explorative study how this can be done, revolving around Westkapelle as a case study that proves the methodology’s feasibility. Robustness and uncertainty were included on multiple levels throughout the design process. Firstly, the range of uncertainties was quantified. Secondly, the effect, that single parameters have on the magnitude of uncertainties, was assessed. Thirdly, the system’s capacity was analysed to find the required overtopping reduction for guaranteeing sufficient safety. Fourthly, constructive measures were assessed on their robustness potential and satisfaction of stakeholder needs via a Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA). The MCA was then employed to select the type of constructive and non constructive measures to achieve the required levels of overtopping and safety. With the information on uncertainties, the measures were combined to form a robust design, consisting of living breakwater, dike heightening, surface protection and two policy measures. Probabilistic analysis was also done to see the sensitivity of the failure probability to sea level rise in different loading and design scenarios. A thorough comparison between the conventional design, that has been applied to the project location, and the robust design followed. The robust design came out on top. Robustness was found to be an effective tool in countering uncertainties. Where conventional design methodologies are lacking flexibility and precision, the robust design methodology makes use of the system and its resilience to find an optimal solution. Its applicability may not be limited to flood risk management only but stretch out to other civil engineering disciplines.","Robust flood defence; Flood Risk; Climate Change; Design method; Hydrodynamics; Probabilisitic analysis; Multi Criteria Decision-Making; Overtopping; Uncertainities","en","student report","","","","","","All authors are equally contributing and credited authors.","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Hydraulic Structures and Flood Risk","","51.5293, 3.4406"
"uuid:38020c1b-4227-453b-b9ca-d0010307494b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:38020c1b-4227-453b-b9ca-d0010307494b","Analysis of two coastal lagoons in Ghana","Simons, Ascha (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Wauben, Chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Pije, Lars (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures); van Leeuwen, Niels (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Kothuis, Baukje (mentor); Slinger, Jill (mentor); Appeaning Addo, K. (mentor); Mahu, E. (mentor); Abspoel, Roland (mentor); Boogaard, T. (mentor); Labeur, Robert Jan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Two polluted Ghanaian lagoons are investigated and possible engineering solutions are suggested and researched.
The first lagoon is the Sakumo lagoon, located between Accra and Tema. This lagoon is connected to the sea through a small culvert, which enables a limited amount of water exchange. Since a few years, fishermen have been unable to catch fish in this lagoon, because of invasive plants restraining them from entering the basin. The siltation rate is high due to increasing friction because of these plants and limited sediment outflow through the small culvert. Furthermore, the water quality in the lagoon is poor. An overland flow model and a mixing model are used to evaluate the effects of a change in layout of the lagoon mouth. From this, it follows that a larger connection to the sea is beneficial to the water quality while still maintaining flood safety. However, decisions on the redesign of this lagoon mouth should be made with close regard to stakeholder interests.
The second lagoon is the Klottey lagoon, located in the city centre of Accra. The surroundings of this lagoon are planned to become an area of tourism. Neighbouring the lagoon, a new fishing harbour is planned. The water quality in this lagoon is poor and its water flows along the shore of Accra. The water quality in and near the lagoon is investigated with the development plans of the area in mind. Furthermore, the shoreline response as a result of these interventions is assessed.
The resulting proposal is for a single-storey house, occupying the smallest footprint possible in order to minimise any impact on the surrounding landscape, which design pays special attention to the orientation of the layout in order to exploit the sun energy to its fullest. Also, the main material chosen for construction is timber (both for structure and cladding), an environmentally friendly material which is able to give a ‘natural look’ to the construction.
Usually a solar house utilises the sun energy through the mean of thermal mass. However the use of brick or concrete construction would result very chunky and would have a much bigger impact on the surroundings and on the embodied energy needed. In fact both brick and concrete have an higher embodied energy than timber, and this doesn’t have to do only with the manufacturing of the material but also with transportation and on-site construction, as heavier materials are more difficult to transport and to assemble. In order to avoid the problem of thick walls due to the use of thermal mass, the use of Phase Changing Materials is proposed. The considered embedding of this material in internal and external walls allows for the dwelling to maintain a constant temperature of around 23 degrees without the need of a central heating system most of the time, as PCM have a melting point temperature which is close to the thermal comfort needed by people.
These materials are also embedded within a south facing glazed facade, which changes its aesthetics over time together with the changing state of the material. In fact, during the day when the PCM is melted the glazed facade allows views through to the exterior, while at night when the PCM freezes it creates a layer in between interior and exterior, obstructing the view. These ‘rituals of transformation supply syntax by rhythmically connecting our experiences to special places and activities in a dwelling.’2
However, designing with nature is a difficult task; ‘buildings are subject to the same natural forces that have cause differentiation in nature, but they rarely acknowledge these forces in built form’3, which is what happened to this project. The dwelling in fact responds well to orientation issues in the layout of the different spaces, but it doesn’t in terms of shape and architectural representation, stuck in the archetypal form of the house, a rectangular shape with a pitched roof. On the contrary, ‘the concept of a building as an ecological form, differentiated in response to natural forces, points to a new aesthetics’.4
1 Ralph L. Knowles, Solar Aesthetics
2 Ibid.
3 Ibid.
4 Ibid.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:daa5de2a-71dd-414c-9186-3dc1e94571a7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:daa5de2a-71dd-414c-9186-3dc1e94571a7","Aesthetics of Sustainable Architecture: The home through life","Klein Horsman, Maud (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lee, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The contemporary architecture is often based on our usual methods of energy-focused sustainable buildings. These seem to strive toward excessive insulation and mechanical ventilation to create a sustainable building. It is driven by adding technical measures later in the project rather than creating sustainable architecture. In this report I designed a home which goes beyond the usual methods. The design is based on the Japanase architecture. It is a building that reduces the demand of energy in a less superficial way than most of the contemporary architecture.","Sustainability; Japanese architecture; Minimalism; modular architecture","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:c3c7fbfd-ddb3-43c1-9704-d8c02265c54e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c3c7fbfd-ddb3-43c1-9704-d8c02265c54e","Site-specific investigation and anchor mooring design for a floating OTEC system offshore of Barranquilla, Colombia","van der Graaf, Onne (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Hillen, Huub (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); van der Does de Willebois, Jeroen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Franken, Kris (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","van 't Veer, A.P. (mentor); Bricker, J.D. (mentor); Acevedo, Diego (mentor); Kleute, B.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The main goal of this project is to determine the optimal location for an OTEC installation with a minimum lifespan of 30 years off the coast of Barranquilla and to make an anchor mooring design for the floater on which this installation is located. Bluerise has identified an area near the coast of Barranquilla for which OTEC can be applied. This area is situated within Colombia’s territorial waters (within 12 nautical miles, or 22.2 kilometres), where two locations have been identified by Bluerise: Location 1: 11.2028 latitude, -75.0003 longitude, Location 2: 11.2772 latitude, -74.9208 longitude.
Environmental conditions -
The daily wind direction is NE-ENE. There is no clear extreme wind direction. The daily waves have a dominant Northeast direction while the extreme waves have a dominant Northern direction. The extreme waves are generated far north of Barranquilla by very high wind speeds which explains the relatively high extreme significant wave heights in the area and the relatively low extreme wind speeds. The yearly average (nautical) surface current direction at the two possible floater locations is predominantly south or southeast. The top 20 strongest current speeds in the past few decades have come from the west or southwest however and therefore these are the normative current directions. The environmental conditions are equal for both possible floater locations. A temperature difference of 20_C is reached at warm water intake and cold
water intake depths of 30 and 763 meters, respectively. The depths at which a temperature
difference of 22_C is reached are 36 and 1023 meters (with temperatures of 27 and 5 degrees, respectively). The influence of the Magdalena river and upwelling is concluded to be negligible.
Marine traffic - The two locations with safety zones are located in a traffic-dense area. The area is getting more traffic intense in the upcoming years. However, it will not pose an immediate threat to the operation. As location 2 has slightly less traffic, it would be preferable from a safety point of view.
Seawater intake- and return pipes - Assuming a cold seawater intake temperature of 5C and a warm seawater intake temperature of 27C, the intake pipe lengths become 1023 and 36 meters, respectively. Based on the equation
of state, the mixed water return flow pipe length becomes 130 m. At this depth, the effects of a difference in density between the surrounding seawater and the mixed returned water are minimized. Also, the depth is outside of the euphotic zone which minimizes algae growth. If the intake water is higher than 27 degrees, the discharge temperature will have a higher temperature. Calculations with the Equation of State reveal that the warmer the discharge temperature,
the lower the density of the discharge water is. Whenever the discharge temperature is higher than the output temperatures, less depth is needed in order for the discharge water to be naturally buoyant. As the intake temperature fluctuates throughout the year, it is therefore advised to design the length of the discharge pipe at 120 meters.
Anchor mooring design - The proposed anchor mooring design consists of a spread-moored 4x3 taut mooring system. The lines are composed of three parts: a 50 meter chain connected to the ship, a 1290 meter fibre line part and another 150 meter chain at the end that is connected to the anchor. The floater is positioned in a 58,05 angle with respect to the north in a northeast direction. This ensures comfortable operation during daily conditions and will reduce fatigue build up. The hurricane conditions were found to be governing. The design complies with the basis of design stated in section 5.3 and with the DNV-OS-E301 code and the API Recommended Practice 2SK.
To present mangrove rehabilitation methods, it was necessary to gain insight regarding the WnZ stakeholders’ involvement when it comes to coastal management. Fourteen key stakeholders were identified and analyzed. To gain even more insight into the views, perceptions and wishes of the WnZ region’s inhabitants, a survey was also conducted. Knowing the success factors and design requirements resulted in the analysis of which mangrove rehabilitation designs are applicable and supported by the region’s stakeholders. The first step was conducting a Multi-Criteria Analysis (MCA) in which five alternatives are weighed. From this analysis the top three variants were chosen as preliminary designs: 1) Adapted STU, 2) STU with Nourishment and 3) STU with chenier. Finally, support by stakeholders for the mangrove rehabilitation designs can only be gained if they are engaged. This was tackled by composing a stakeholder engagement plan. In this plan, the following three strategies were formulated: 1) Setting up a bamboo farm, 2) Setting up a Mangrove Vacation Resort and 3) Growing salt-tolerant plants. These strategies can contribute to the economic development of the region if implemented, which could then also benefit the various stakeholders.
The literature study showed, a variety of coastal management techniques exist. However, none of those solutions are capable of attenuating waves and enhancing marine life in an effective way. Ranking criteria are given and the following concept groups are generated: boulders, gabions, marine blocks, big (open) blocks and 'lego' (interlocking) blocks. The Multi-Criteria Analysis shows that the big (open) blocks are the most viable and two concepts are designed within this concept group: a triangular and a hexagonal block structure.
In the hydrodynamic and wave models (Delft3D), a study is performed to find the relation between breakwater dimensions and wave attenuation. Also, three different conditions are modelled: daily conditions, hurricane conditions, and one-year storm conditions at the Hip-Strip in Montego Bay. Using the results from the hurricane model, the flow- and wave forces are calculated using the Morison equations for lift and drag. Three lay-outs for submerged breakwaters are tested in the model. This led to the final lay-out which is a combination of the three tested breakwaters.
Following the Delft3D models, a structural analysis is done with the flow- and wave forces from the Morison equation. The structural analysis focuses on the sliding and uplift of the submerged breakwater. The hexagonal structure shows a better stability than the triangular blocks in hurricane conditions and therefore chosen as the final concept. A sensitivity analysis is performed with regard to the friction coefficient, the force-time profile and the placement errors. The placement errors turn out to be crucial and a connection between the top block and the base is needed to retain stability.
The final dimensions (l x w x h) of the hexagonal blocks are 3 x 0.75 x 0.93 meter. The blocks can be made from a low strength class concrete and reinforcement is needed to provide strength during lifting. To enhance the marine life enhancement properties, fish condos of 4"" and 6"" are provided, the surface is made more permeable and the pH of the concrete is altered by curing.
The structure shows great future potential and can be built soon. It is a state of the art structure, the stability is high, it enhances the marine life, the final dimensions will precisely agree with the drawings and there is no need for a nearby quarry. However, to all this benefits, there is also a drawback; the cost. The cost is a multiple of the conventional armour stones. Recommendations are given to bring expenses down. Placement in shallow water is preferred and replacing steel reinforcement by fibre reinforcement is worth investigating. Those recommendations will decrease the cost and will increase the viability of the Honeycomb block concept.","Beach erosion; Concrete; Breakwater; Marine life enhancement; Wave Attenuation; Modular system; Modelling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","18.4762, -77.8939"
"uuid:3c8c3a6b-e79e-4ec7-a1a3-a083b3cb587f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3c8c3a6b-e79e-4ec7-a1a3-a083b3cb587f","I am de-n-city: Reallocation of space: transforming urban environment into a circular system","Kortman, Anne Sophie (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Boraei, Sara (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Dillon Peynado, Thomas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Peters, Boaz (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Song, Yue (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Qu, L. (mentor); Hackauf, U.D. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The Amsterdam Metropolitan area, and especially Amsterdam city, attracts large amounts of people due to the diverse economy opportunities, cultural and recreational activities, and the strong connection of the region by public transport and road network. The need for space, resources, and mobility are increasing and will keep increasing due to the growth of population and, thus, the rise of demand. This unbalanced distribution requires full use of spaces and resources.
The main focus of the project is to identify what causes this unbalanced distribution by researching the different densities of the region, in order to make the region more stable and move it towards the circular economy. At the same time, the project focuses on the spatial conditions of the different neighbourhoods and tries to increase the livability levels in order for the general quality of life of the citizens will be improved. The main tool that we used during our research, but also later on the vision and strategy plan, is density. Firstly, we analyze the region by understating what the different densities that can be found in it are, and how they work. Afterwards, the focus shifts to the analysis of the different neighborhoods, trying to determinate and understand the different densities that can be found in the small scale. Finally, we try to find what opportunities and potential do these densities create for the different neighborhoods.
By analyzing the different densities and typologies in the region, we highlight the importance of sharing spaces in terms of facilities, transportation, and waste management for the inhabitants, in order to help AMA move towards a more sustainable and balanced future direction.
The innovations that we make depend on the existing situation, the density, and the character of the city. Taking into account these aspects and the regional analysis, we decide what needs to be densified in terms of facilities. These new density developments either make the existing identities of the city stronger, or, in the cases of lack of identity, we propose new ones to be adopted.
This interpretations will release the pressure on Amsterdam city, balance the region, create more livable spaces, and move the AMA towards circularity.","density; Circulair economy; public transport; Amsterdam Metropolitan Area; waste management; use of space; livability; Diversity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","AR2U086 R&D Studio – Spatial Strategies for the Global Metropolis",""
"uuid:57192922-7ec7-4592-88d6-fd7506fb327a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:57192922-7ec7-4592-88d6-fd7506fb327a","Comparing WWII aerial photographs to Sentinel-2 data","Sassen, Tom (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Lindenbergh, R.C. (mentor); Lannini, Lorenzo (graduation committee); Kreuger, Bas (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","During World War II West Papua was the scene of war between the Axis and the Allies. In this case, it was the Japanese on one side Australian and US forces on the other. After the war a lot of equipment was left in the jungle and because of the low population density on the island some material can still be found to this day. Planes and vehicles that were abandoned far enough from villages were able to withstand the test of time and are still hidden under the trees. In November 2018 an expedition force is heading to the island to find some of these planes. This assignment was meant as a preparation for that expedition and it was my job to find places that could be interesting to investigate closer in the field. The research question that had to be answered was as follows: is it possible to classify and link historical data to modern data. To do this I looked at old aerial photographs of the airports, and at modern Sentinel-2 and Landsat multispectral images of the area. The aerial photographs are stitched into a panorama and geolocated so that the coordinates were known. Next features like the average and gradient of surrounding pixels are computed so the image could be classified. Classifications were then performed on the panoramas and on the Landsat 8 dataset in order to create a map of the region of interest and possibly point out potential war equipment locations. The Landsat data was also used to create a heatmap to show the warmest spots in the region. These spots could potentially point to material that is warmer than its surroundings, e.g. a metal car in a grass field that has been standing in the sun for some time. The classification of the panoramas proved to be a difficult task and the final result leaves much to be desired. The classification of the Landsat 8 dataset went better and the results show a useable map. However the most interesting class in this case was the war equipment class, which cannot be validated. The heatmap could mostly be used to highlight the roads, but there are certain spots that light up and cannot be explained without field data. These spots might be interesting to check out during the expedition.","Remote Sensing; New Guinea; landsat 8; aerial photograph; Plane wrecks","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:80554ccf-45ae-4782-860a-6b4ae54518b1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:80554ccf-45ae-4782-860a-6b4ae54518b1","Flood Prevention Guayaquil: A feasibility study on local stormwater storage and the effect of sea branch closure to prevent pluvial and coastal flooding","Molenaar, Floor (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Pak, Tom (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); de Pous, Hanna (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van der Werff, Bart-Jan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Mosselman, E. (mentor); Gebert, J. (mentor); ten Veldhuis, M.C. (mentor); Arias Hidalgo, M.E. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The city of Guayaquil suffers from regular floods. During the wet season, typically from late December until late April or early May, multiple floods per week can occur. Mainly the excessive rainfall in combination with high tide penetrating into the city results in a high flood risk, but some flood-prone areas can also flood in case of spring tide only.
The main objective of this research is to investigate the possibility of reducing pluvial and coastal flooding in urban areas by constructing a (semi-permanent) barrier in a sea branch, which retains the incoming tide and creates storage for excessive rainfall. In addition, local storage areas spread over the city are considered to delay stormwater runoff into the sea branches. Based on a system analysis and by numerical modelling, several closure locations and their effects are assessed.
Temporary storage of stormwater behind a barrier in a sea branch is a suitable solution to prevent both coastal and pluvial flooding. Based on the results of this research and possible locations of the barriers, a combination of three selected barriers is most opportune, because all catchment areas adjacent to a sea branch can drain their stormwater in a closed-off part behind one of these barriers. In order for these barriers to be effective, they must be closed during low tide prior to heavy rainfall. All three barriers are able to withhold the stormwater volume from their corresponding catchment areas during a 10-year design rainfall event. Even in the event of the highest possible water level during low tide, being neap tide in combination with the storm surge of El Niño, the storage capacities are sufficiently large. Besides the large-scale and small-scale solutions that are currently considered by the local authorities, they are advised to also consider the intermediate-scale solution presented in this study.
Local stormwater storage in the form of water squares in parks and playgrounds is a small-scale solution to reduce pluvial flooding. The storage capacity of these areas is much smaller than the storage capacity behind a barrier, but it is a solution for low-lying urban areas that are not adjacent to a sea branch or river. When the storage capacity of parks and playgrounds in some catchment areas is not sufficient, underground storage basins can also be considered as local storage areas.
The local authorities are advised to set up regulations on return periods for designing flood risk-reducing structures and to assess the economic losses of floods in urban areas, in order to be able to estimate the acceptable cost of these structures.
The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the fracture energy and the energy of AE signals at structural level. This serves as a basis for the quantification and localization of cracking activities at structural level.
This study is based on the AE and crack propagation measurement of a series of large scale RC specimen tests. To avoid the influence of existing cracks, the first part of study focuses on the development of the first flexural crack. It was assumed that the amount of energy required for unit length of crack opening is linearly proportional to the energy of the AE signals that are generated upon the opening of this segment of the crack. These signals can only be monitored AE sensors at given locations. By then, they have travelled through the bulk concrete and possibly already existing cracks, thus their energy has attenuated due to the geometric spreading and the damping property of the material. When these effects are taken into account, the total energy of the AE signals that were obtained by the AE sensors at given location (defined as cumulative signal strength CSS) has a potential of reflecting the fracture energy of the corresponding crack. In the part of the study, this process is theoretically studied first. The theoretical result was further validated by the AE measurement obtained from experiments.
Theoretical investigation is carried out based on a simplified model considering only length of the crack and the horizontal distance between crack and AE sensor. Theoretical result shows that both crack length and horizontal distance would affect CSS. However, when the horizontal distance is big enough, crack length is no longer the dominant factor, and CSS drops significantly with the increase of horizontal distance. The CSS of different sensors in a row in the experiments are used to validate this attenuation phenomenon. Exponential curve fitting is carried out to describe the attenuation of experimental results in different tests. Finally, a comparison of attenuation in percentage terms between curve fitting results and theoretical results is carried out. In the uncracked specimens, the results fit each other well.
Furthermore, the effect of the existing cracks to the attenuation of the CSS is studied as well. In that case, a dramatic drop of CSS is observed compared to the uncracked structures.
The study shows CSS detected by AE sensors could partly indicate the cracking behavior of RC structures. The attenuation tendency gives a guidance for sensor installation in future tests.
The main goal of this report is to present flood mitigation measures to reduce the impact of flooding in the urban areas of the Clarence Valley, based on the Duthc flood mitigation strategy called 'Room for the River'. Consequently the following research question was formulated:
How can the impact of flooding on the urban areas in the Clarence Valley be reduced by increasing the storage capacity of floodplains?
In order to answer the research question, the following project approach is applied. Six areas were identified, based on a fieldvisit and an extensive preliminary study, to implement flood mitigation measures and assess existing flood defences. Part of these flood defences are the Swan Creek Floodgate and the reinforced concrete levee wall of Maclean, which will be investigated on their performance. A fully calibrated numerical floodmodel provides input for the hydrological analysis. The model represents the current situation in the Valley. Scenarios are created by applying topographic adjustments. The new scenarios are implemented into the numerical model and the effectiveness on flood mitigation in urban areas is assessed by comparing the results of a 5, 20 and 50 year Average Reccurance Interval flood event to the current situation during one of these flood events.
By making use of the proposed floodplains and improving the performance of existing flood defences, the flood defence system of the Clarence Valley can be extended. It can be concluded that it is possible to reduce the impact of flooding in the urban areas of the Clarence Valley by increasing the storage capacity of floodplains around Grafton. Therefore, the usage of a ’Room for the River’ strategy can be a solution to the problems the Clarence Valley is facing, and possibly might be applicable to more flooding-vulnerable areas in Australia.","Flood Risk; Flood Mitigation; TUFLOW; Modelling; Floodgate","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","-29.697735, 152.938615"
"uuid:ee0185dd-92c3-4175-8efc-51c21da33b07","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ee0185dd-92c3-4175-8efc-51c21da33b07","Agronomic Renaissance: Towards a socially fairer and circular agrifood system in the Amsterdam Metropolitan Area","Reinink, Sebastien (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Waldherr, Gabriela (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Liu, Chang (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Mujumdar, Gayatri (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Meng, Wanting (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Sepulveda Carmona, D.A. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","The AMA region wants to make the transition towards a circular economy. To make the circular economy happen, social, environmental and economic challenges have to be integrated in the transition. This report will identify these challenges and propose a vision, a development strategy and projects/policies to propose a new system in the sector where most of these challenges come together: the agrifood sector. The agrifood sector being one of the most polluting sectors in the world plays a key role in a circular economy. The project uses the circular economy as a tool to establish normative change in the case of the imbalanced agrifood sector. The development strategy of the project provides a framework for a future circular economy in a fairer agrifood sector. The framework encompasses localising the food network and creating a local circularity in the flows of energy, water, heat, fodder, CO2 circulation and organic material. This localisation aims to create jobs for the low to middle educated people that are struck by socio-spatial polarization. It also suggests new ways of protein production and of the usage of peatlands. The conclusion is that, while already a big portion of the circular economy can be realised, more research is needed to be able to make the circular economy happen in the agrifood sector. To balance the sector, it has to be deconcentrated and localised. This localisation is essentially a modern form of the traditional sector from the 18th and 19th century. Therefore it’s called an agronomic renaissance. Due to the traditional nature of the sector, institutional change has to happen, which can only be achieved by a long term strategy, strong policy and a periodical review. Giving the sector guidance and a perspective is important to instigate the change needed for a circular agrifood system that also accounts for the social, environmental and economic challenges mentioned. This project gives a possible direction for this long term perspective.","Circular Economy; Amsterdam metropolitan area; agrifood sector; localised agrifood networks; deconcentrating; new farmer; Food hub; spatial planning; regional development; localized","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","REPAiR",""
"uuid:96966266-d7ce-41bf-9521-c7a7a5046e35","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:96966266-d7ce-41bf-9521-c7a7a5046e35","Food Island: Creating a Resilient Food System for the AMA","Leung, Ranee (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Zhou, Yixiao (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); Rodríguez Salcedo, Cristian (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); von Meijenfeldt, Charlotte (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism); van Marrewijk, Franka (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment; TU Delft Urbanism)","Balz, Verena Elisabeth (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Governments and private and non-profit organisations from international to local levels have acknowledged the idea that more sustainable systems are required to reduce our ecological footprint (WWF, 2016, Jonkhoff, 2012). The food system is a very important aspect within our lives, socially as well as economically but it is also one of the most important causes of unsustainability. The Amsterdam Metropolitan Area (AMA), a key player within the global food sector, is also working to a more sustainable system with their focus on a circular economy. This research outlines the fact that in order to reach a more sustainable economy, there should also be an emphasis on resilience. In analyzing the region, there were several dependencies highlighted within the food system. Within the aspects of production, retail and end of life, each are dependent on a handful of controlling and dominating stakeholders as well as unsustainable and uncircular practices. Thus, there is a heavy emphasis on the food system needing to adapt and change to growing demands and trends.
This led to our research question of, How can the food system become more resilient in the AMA to promote a sustainable circular economy? In our research, scenario planning and weather mapping were used to showcase and locate feasible opportunities for our goals and strategies within the AMA. The primary strategies to create resiliency within the food system were to decentralize, diversify and connect aspects related to various urban and agri-food trends. This project envisions a decentralized system that contains a dense network of diverse and independent stakeholders with localized sustainable projects. There is also an emphasis on creating smaller and shorter connections within the chain.This includes incorporating and empowering various smaller stakeholders and actors with positive incentives but also restricting dominating stakeholders with policies and regulations. In addition, through the creation of more transparency through integrated and multiscaled design solutions, this will increase awareness and promote healthy and sustainable practices within the system. Food island encourages a thriving circular economy that is resilient and thus more sustainable.
Based on a revision of the roof shape, the hip roof turned out to be the best shape in a typhoon prone area. During the design, the geometry of the housing unit was slightly changed into a double symmetrical geometry, increasing constructability and simplicity of the house. The design of the roof structure and its connections, consisting of four identical prefabricated frames, is presented. After prefabrication, the frames will be connected on-site, after which the newly designed foldable balconies will be placed in the frames. The material used in the design is corrugated steel roof sheeting.
The final roof shape is used to calculate the rainwater collection. The floating house requires a self-sustaining system that fulfils the needs of drinking water and wastewater treatment. This
system consists of three separate systems: (1) rainwater harvesting, consisting of a drainage system, first flush barrel system and sand filter. (2) Storage of water, capable of storing sufficient water for one-third of the total usage over 80% of the year. (3) Wastewater, based on natural treatment before discharge into the surface water, containing a septic tank and wetland filter.
The water management system within the foundation, the wind load on the house, waves and currents influence the motions of the floating structure and the forces on the mooring system. An analysis of the options for mooring systems leads to the decision of using mooring piles. The total stiffness of the piles influences the horizontal motion and rotation of the platform. The vertical motion is a free behaviour; it is not influenced by the mooring piles. It is needed to choose a specific combination of pile length and bending stiffness, after which the strength of the pile is checked.
The design is used for the project construction plan, focussing on the time, risk and change management of the pilot project. The resources and construction activities and their duration were identified to develop a schedule for controlling the construction phase. Preparations and construction of the pilot will take 13 weeks, but includes several risks. Response strategies for these risks are proposed, to use for a risk mitigation plan. Finally, advice is given on how to manage possible design changes regarding new research, development of design and up-scaling changes after a successful pilot project.
With the use of this report and more detailed research and design, the pilot project will be an optimal test of the floating house in the Philippines.
In order to gain more insight into the processes which affect the sediment transport in the first 38 km of the Magdalena river a morphological model is developed using Delft3D software. However, to understand and capture the essence of the issue also the socio-political context is researched. This is done by analysing both the stakeholders and the previous unsuccessful Magdalena recovery project. The combination of both the physical and more organisational aspects formed the input to come up with multiple intervention ideas to solve navigability issues. To evaluate these interventions a multi-criteria analysis (MCA) is conducted witFh both technical and managerial criteria. Finally, also an engagement plan is constructed as a guideline to have successful stakeholder management in a future river project.
From the exploration of the physical part of the issue it can be concluded that there are both natural and anthropogenic aspects which influence the river system, hence the sedimentation issue. With regard to the natural aspects, high discharge variability, stratification and wave action are selected to be further investigated with the Delft3D model. Model results show that sedimentation and erosion rates increase in the access channel above a discharge of around 5000 m3/s. For discharges below this value, the salt intrusion length increases faster than for higher discharges. This salt intrusion leads to a low flow velocity at the bottom that is directed upstream, making the reach over which salt intrudes susceptible to sedimentation. Waves mainly influence bar formation in the river mouth and are not important further upstream.
The analysis of the non-physical aspects leads to a few important conclusions as well. First of all it is concluded that the stakeholder network, in which this problem exists, is a fairly complex one. Therefore stakeholder and process management are key elements in making a future river project successful. Furthermore hypotheses on the success factors of setting up a public private partnership (PPP) in Colombia are formed based on research by Koppenjan (2003), cultural differences between the Netherlands and Colombia and interviews with important stakeholders. These hypotheses are that corruption, political stability and openness for change are also important factors in setting up a successful PPP in Colombia.
Possible interventions to mitigate the sedimentation issues in the first 38 km of the Magdalena river have been assessed separately for three different sections. For the first section (reaching from 0 km to 8 km), the most promising intervention resulting from the MCA is water injection dredging. This would efficiently improve the navigation conditions, capital investments are relatively low and it is also an adaptable solution. For the next section (from 8 km to 22 km), a fixed bottom layer is considered a promising intervention since it will lead to erosion of the relatively shallow inner bend and therefore increase the navigable width. As for the last section (from 22 km to 30 km) it can be concluded from the MCA that none of the assessed training works score better than the current situation.
The results indicate that digital image correlation is an adequate technique to obtain the refined crack kinematics since it permits to continuously track the evaluation of the crack even an instant before failure. This allows identifying the beginning of the opening of the critical inclined crack and the critical shear displacement value. A critical load representing the initiation of the irreversible damage is found and a crack width is linked to be applied in a proof load test.
Three possible solutions (null-solution, groynes and guide bunds) have been weighed using Multi-Criteria Analysis. Based on this analysis the guide bunds appeared to be the most suitable solution. The structure was implemented in the Delft3D-model and some additional simulations proved that the effect of this structure on the hydro and morphodynamic conditions in the river is twofold. First, the guide bunds improve the distribution of the flow over the cross section of the river. More flow is forced through the right side and indeed the flow velocities turn out to be higher at that location. Moreover, the flow velocities on the left side decrease, as expected. However, the structure has an opposing effect on the cumulative erosion and sedimentation. More sedimentation takes place at the right side of the channel, whereas the left side of the channel gets deeper. It can be concluded that the best way to improve the situation in Barrancabermeja, is the construction of a guide bund structure in the vicinity of the Yondó Bridge. However, more detailed (physical) model tests should be performed to gain better insight in the effect of the guide bunds.
A project funded by the local government was conducted by CEAZA, a research institute based in the cities of La Serena and Coquimbo. The aim of the project was to evaluate the effectiveness of snow fences in the Andes mountains. The hypothesis was that these fences would increase the snow volume, which would result in a longer period of water supply from melt water. Different methods to analyse the available data were used. The results were compared to evaluate what the most optimal method was.
Two different sites (Tascadero and Llano de las Liebres) were evaluated and compared. On both sides, wooden snow fences were installed. Around these fences, a grid of bamboo snow stakes was placed. Every day at noon, photos were taken using a digital camera mounted on a mast in a fixed position.
Three different ways to analyse the photos were evaluated. The most optimal method that was tested was based on measuring the length of the snow stakes before the first snow fall and again throughout the season. From the ratio between the two lengths, the snow depth could be derived. This proved to be a relatively fast and simple method.
From the results it could be derived that the snow fences do have a positive influence on the snow depth. This was especially clear for Llano de las Liebres, where data was available for the full winter season.
To develop a new breakwater orientation and design, wave data is analysed. Waves coming from the south to south-west are most common, but not guiding due to the sheltering factor of IslandMocha, positioned in front of the coast. The guiding wave, which is coming from the north-west, is implemented in models of Delft3D to see what the new orientation of the breakwater should be. Based on the wave analysis, sediment transport analysis and modelling results, a new breakwater orientation is determined, that fulfills all requirements prescribed by the DoP. After defining this new orientation, the influence of the breakwater on sediment and waves is analysed. Due to the new orientation, a new design of the breakwater is made.
The fishing harbour should offer the possibility for the fisherman to unload their goods and berth safely. The DoP proposed the construction of a mooring facility along the south-west shoreline of Quidico Bay. Two types of quay walls for the mooring facilities are proposed, a sheet pile wall and a concrete mass wall. For both types a preliminary design is developed, by making use of the 2D finite element software PLAXIS and hand calculations. The preferred mooring facility design mainly depends on the soil conditions at the specific location. From the boundary conditions it is concluded the bedrock is found at a depth of 60m, the soil above mainly consists of sand. Therefore the construction a sheet pile wall to serve as mooring facility, is recommended.
In the initial design of the Department of Ports, six separate masonry buildings are proposed to accommodate the desired supporting facilities. These buildings cover a large area of the bay and will require a large paved supporting platform. To reduce this paved area, the DoP is interested in a more compact design, that includes all supporting facilities in one multi-storey building. In consultation with the DoP two different designs are developed; a three-storey steel building and a two-storey concrete building. A structural design is developed within the boundaries set by the functional design requirements. Next, a structural analysis is performed by making use of finite element software (ETABS) and a final design is obtained for both buildings. The concrete building is concluded to be the most suitable option for the DoP.
Quick offloading of the boats and smooth transshipment of goods is hindered due to the lack of a good support area and access road. The DoP proposed a design for both pavements in the their preliminary study, but it was requested to evaluate different alternatives. Three different pavement technologies are proposed for the access road: surface treatment, asphalt and concrete slabs. For the pavement in the support area concrete slabs are the preferred solution. To achieve an optimal pavement design that fulfills all structural and serviceability requirements throughout the full design life, slab pavements with different dimensions and thicknesses are evaluated. In conclusion, short concrete slabs are the preferred pavement for both areas. Short slab pavement is an upcoming technology that has great advantages in terms of structural performance and costs.
During AD process, WAGS demonstrated a lower hydrolysis rate than AS over the first 6 days and reached a comparable overall methane production potential afterwards, suggesting the necessity of pre-treatment of WAGS to enhance sludge hydrolysis. The isolated SEP was slowly degraded over the AD process with a biodegradability of 31% for WAGS and 39% for WAS and this degradation of EPS mainly contributed from the PS and PN it contained. This EPS degradation led to the loss of gel-like properties for both sludge after AD process. Although the results from fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) spectra exhibited the similar typical brands within the range of 1000~3000 cm-1 in all samples, the second-derivative spectra manifested the occurrence of polysaccharides degradation, especially for homopolymannuronic acid blocks (MM) and homopolyguluronic acid blocks during sludge digestion. Meanwhile, the dewaterability of both sludge was observed to deteriorate with AD ongoing due to the internal transmission from the compact TB-EPS to porous LB-EPS as well as the increase in PN/PS ratio in EPS. Moreover, the mechanical property variation of different sludge was examined by the crosslink of EPS solution with ion to form hydro-bead. Reduction on mechanical strength of EPS formed hydro-beads was seen for both WAGS and WAS but mechanical structure loss of WAGS was less than that of WAS after digestion which can be attributed to higher EPS residues in WAGS. However, no matter for WAGS or WAS, only a limited amount of EPS was degraded during AD process and this provided a possibility of recovery EPS as a coating material from digested sludge.
interaction between public and private parties in the interventions as a response to floods.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:786cf433-400e-4757-adbc-586ac988b12d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:786cf433-400e-4757-adbc-586ac988b12d","An analysis of hydrological and geotechnical parameters of rotational landslides in pegmatite lithology in North Western Rwanda","Walraven, Bas (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bogaard, Thom (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Worldwide landslides cause a great amount of damage, as is also the case in Rwanda. Here more and more slopes fail as anthropogenic activities such as building, farming, or deforestation, are moved to marginal lands such as hillslopes. To investigate the hydrological response of typical hillslopes in North Western Rwanda five landslides are chosen from a previously set up landslide inventory of the region. These five landslides form the basis of a regional assessment for which geotechnical parameters like soil texture, cohesion, and angle of internal friction, are analysed. For one of the five also hydrological data is gathered. This data consists of soil moisture content, groundwater level, hydraulic conductivity, and infiltration for both the moved and the stable parts of the slope. With all this data a back analysis is performed to gather why the slope failed.
The soil texture results show that most of the soil layers investigated are sandy soil, with a slight fraction of clay. This is supported by the values for hydraulic conductivity and infiltration, and by the results of the back analysis, which is coherent with literature values. The direct shear results, however, yield quite high cohesion values, typical for clay, and high angle of internal friction values (even too high for sand sometimes). Thus, the soils can be classified as sand, but the influence of the fines is significant. The slope failure can be a result of a very thin weak soil layer, or anomaly in the soil skeleton, but this is difficult to represent in the tests carried out, with such small samples. Another reason for slope failure does not have to be internal but can be external, such as anthropogenic activities, or toe erosion by a river. It is therefore important to analyse the surroundings of the failed slope carefully.
It is wishful to extend hydrological measurements to more landslides and also wait longer to be able to gain more insight into the relation between precipitation, infiltration and groundwater levels, and the hillslope’s hydrological response.
A solution to these challenges can be found in the oceans temperature difference. The top layer of the ocean is heated by the sun, while the deeper layer remains cold. This causes around the equator a temperature difference of more than 20 degrees over the ocean’s depth. This offers a lot of opportunities. It can be used as a vast source for electricity production (OTEC), large scale drinking water production (ROTEC) and for cooling (SWAC). Indonesia is one of the best locations worldwide, due to the easy access of cold deep sea water and the abundant presence of hot surface water. North-Sulawesi has a unique access to these sources. Due to the steep slope of the seabed the cold deep seawater can easily be reached.
Team ROTEC conducted a research in Manado for two months and came up with several solutions that can contribute to a more sustainable and beneficial future of North Sulawesi. There was mainly focussed on performing a need assessment for the capital Manado and the touristic Bunaken Island. This pointed out that Manado can reduce their electricity usage during peak loads by implementing a new way of cooling of malls and hotels along the boulevard. Bunaken needs electricity and drinking water in a way that is more easy to maintain and operate. Data analysis and measurements showed that both Bunaken and Manado have a high theoretical potential, since cold deep seawater is close to shore and found at relative shallow depths.
For Manado a new seawater district cooling system is proposed. This system uses cold deep seawater to cool the large buildings along the boulevard, instead of conventional chiller-cooling-tower units. The solution reduces their electricity usage for cooling by 96% and more electricity is left for the grid of Manado. The yearly costs for the operation of the cooling is 92% cheaper and the investment for the installation is earned back within 6 years after construction. Peak loads in the grid are decreased and emissions reduced; equivalent to 19,000 tons CO2 per year.
For Bunaken an integrated drinking water and electricity solution is found. By just using the temperature difference in the ocean, to produce clean and constant electricity and drinking water from seawater. The proposed installation provides the base load (80kW) for Bunaken for the same price as current solar PV and diesel generators together. Clean drinking water for the villagers is 12 times cheaper than Aqua Danone and 1.4 times cheaper than the not drinkable water from fresh water wells on the island. Such a kind of installation can produce 24/7, is stable and that without the need of fuels.","Manado; drinking water; rotec; energy; ocean energy; district cooling; OTEC; Reverse Osmosis; Direct Contact Dehumidifier; Indonesia; North Sulawesi; Sulawesi; SWAC; renewable; TU Delft; Unsrat; Universitas Sam Ratulangi; Delft University of Technology; Multidisciplinary; large diameter; Heat exchanger; chiller; pipe; offshore; Hydraulic; Watermanagement; future","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Project ROTEC","1.458938, 124.827711"
"uuid:fb494040-862b-4040-a36f-a10594a42feb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb494040-862b-4040-a36f-a10594a42feb","Data analysis, processing and interpretation from different sources: satellites, ground sensor, citizens measurements and municipalities, to fight against building subsidence","Dimopoulos, Giorgos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Garcia Gonzalez, Gabo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Marx, Danny (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Micha, Ioanna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Xu, Yixin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Lemmens, M.J.P.M. (mentor); Voûte, R.L. (mentor); Boelhouwer, P.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Every day, terabytes of information is generated, filling storage devices around the world. However,the human brain have limited capacities to read and understand raw data from a computer screen.That is why data specialists need to ingeniously create better ways to display, process and analyzemassive amounts of data.Our research project is not about avoiding subsidence, not even about cracks on buildings; it ispurely data analysis and interpretation. This study will help professionals understand and fightagainst building subsidence. Our task was to create, manipulate and make sense of charts like theone below (a real line graph from InSAR data), then translate them into useful information forstakeholders in the local, national and global community.The aim of the project was to understand if ground sensor technologies are comparable to othersources of information. In our analysis different strategies to analyze building subsidence wereimplemented, e.g. homogeneous subsidence, heterogeneous subsidence and for water levels,interpolation and cross correlation methods. In addition, other techniques like sensor fusing wereimplemented to compare data from different sources.As a result from all these strategies, we can say that the water level sensors placed in our researchbuilding, have a high similarity with citizens and municipality data. In contrast, InSAR data is notcomparable with the subsidence sensors placed in the building because they have differentreferences and the period of study was too short to get accurate results from satellite data. Finally,an idea for future implementation strategies was proposed. On this idea, measurements of levelscan be carried out taking as a reference the NAP level and comparing the subsidence between ahealthy-foundations building and another one with wooden-piles foundation.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2018",""
"uuid:b80c338e-5de8-4eb8-a4f1-15af96cbdec0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b80c338e-5de8-4eb8-a4f1-15af96cbdec0","Application of Atomic Layer Deposition on Ceramic Nanofiltration Membrane","Feng, Liying (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Shang, Ran (mentor); Heijman, Bas (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Pressure driven membranes have become increasingly popular in removal of natural organic matter (NOM). With the purpose to tailor pore size of membrane to remove NOM effectively, atomic layer deposition (ALD) was applied on the ceramic nanofiltration (NF) membrane with a pore size of 1.3 nm. Ceramic membranes were chosen as the substrate membrane due to their high physical strength and high chemical resistance. TiO2 was deposited on the membrane by using TiCl4 and H2O as precursors. After deposition with 3 cycles, MWCO of the ceramic membranes was reduced by ~ 250 Da. The pore size of the ceramic membranes was correspondingly narrowed down by ~ 0.16 nm. The growth per cycle of TiO2 on the pore walls was ~ 0.272 nm/cycle. An improved Carman-Kozeny model was used to estimate water permeability. With the help of two scenarios, the model results are close to the results from water permeability experiments that the water permeability decreased from ~ 24 퐿 h%& m%( bar%& to ~ 6 퐿 h%& m%( bar%&. The application of the fabricated membrane in water treatment could be investigated in the further study.","Ceramic Nanofiltration Membrane; atomic layer deposition","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:103f2d94-cc84-4582-a25f-a0fc11461f18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:103f2d94-cc84-4582-a25f-a0fc11461f18","Digitizing Real-World Scenes from Images","Arapakis, Takis (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Heerden, Natasja (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Rodriguez-Mon Barrera, Guillermo (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wang, Qu (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wang, Xin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Nan, L. (mentor); Peters, R.Y. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","3D computer models are starting to play a more and more important role in our society. Realworldsituations are often too complex to explain in a 2D map and also the interest in virtualreality, serious gaming and other technologies that can be based on 3D computer models, isgrowing.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2018",""
"uuid:4cf4717c-29a0-4ade-bdc7-92e8634586a6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4cf4717c-29a0-4ade-bdc7-92e8634586a6","Performance of mineralwool as filter medium for the treatment of contaminated drain water in the urban context of Delhi, India","Merola, Chiara (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","de Kreuk, Merle (mentor); Lindeboom, Ralph (mentor); Bogaard, Thom (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Delhi is facing a very rapid urbanization, making it difficult to keep up with the construction of sewerage and water treatment infrastructure. The LOTUSHR project was created to research alternative solutions to treat mixed water streams and prevent pollution flows from urban drains into the environment.
Biofiltration was identified as a suitable on-site sanitation alternative to provide adequate water quality and hygienic conditions. In particular, this work is intended as a first step in the future design of the biofilter, by investigating the potential of hydrophilic mineralwool as a filtering medium for the Barapullah drain contaminated water. Mineralwool performance was tested, focusing on nutrients and heavy metals removal. The effect of different HRT’s on biofilm formation was evaluated and the minimum length for optimal filter performance was researched. The fieldwork was conducted in Delhi between the 4th January and 9th February 2018. Four mineralwool filters were monitored, running with different operational parameters under the same environmental conditions.
Biological activity was identified as a key factor in increasing the removals of COD and NH3-N. Bare mineralwool achieved PO4-P reduction, independently from the presence of a biofilm. Moreover, a shorter HRT determined a selection pressure for attached biomass growth, leading to a more swift biofilm formation. Unfortunately, part of the obtained results showed a high error margin. Possible reasons for these error margins are discussed.
Hydrophilic mineralwool is an emerging material and not much research is yet available on its water filtering properties. This thesis suggests that mineralwool can be used as a pre-treatment step in the sanitation of polluted drains in rapidly urbanizing megacities.
The python executable consists of six functional blocks, namely: reading the input data from users, generating meshes with multiple parameters, splitting the interface nodes, refining the mesh files, running the simulations, and collecting the generic output parameter. Generating meshes allows users to create 2D triangle mesh with two parameters for a given geometry. Splitting the interface nodes uses a generic manner to split interfaces for an arbitrary structure. Once splitting interface is done, the executable is able to seek the new nodes on the interface and compile them in a prescribed fashion before simulation. Coming into the last part, the executable makes use of a set of external programs to run Jem-Jive carrying out the relative outcome. A simple case will go through every step how this script works, after which a more complicated model will be illustrated.
Generally, though taking the advantage of symmetry of trench makes the parametric study easier and straightforward to handle with, which only the half of trench is considered, an asymmetric trench model is more probable and realistic. An example is provided afterwards with five pillars which not only their length may vary, but imperfection is introduced here: pillars can be slightly inclined as well until they touch each other. An important property worth noticing is the top and bottom of the trench stay smoothie although inclination occurs and the neutral layer of pillar still remains the same length. The example gives a detailed universal geometric derivation and formulas with respect to heights and inclined angles, which are regarded as two relative variables implemented by the python executable mentioned above.
The MSc3/MSc4 Graduation Studio “Positions in Practice” of the Department of Architecture TU Delft (fall, 2017) focused on the urban and architectural context of Valparaíso, as a laboratory for the definition of disciplinary positions and the performance of these positions in practice.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Methods and Analysis | Positions in Practice","",""
"uuid:508519f9-cb38-4846-b8ec-fec94344f588","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:508519f9-cb38-4846-b8ec-fec94344f588","Float to Circularity: Connecting human needs with the material flow in the AMA","Moya Ortiz, Diego (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Durand López, Leyden (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Klimczak, Anna (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Stuyt, Mae-Ling (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hu, Qiyao (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Hackauf, U.D. (mentor); Qu, L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","br/>The Metropolitan Region of Amsterdam (AMA) has proposed a transition from its current linear economic model to a circular one (Sustainable Amsterdam, 2015). However, the proposed strategy is based mainly on the participation of actors from the world of business and industry, relegating social actors to a peripheral level of its implementation. Additionally, the region is experiencing an important process of floating population in which we can identify different groups: students, expats, tourists and commuters. This process is influencing trends of gentrification, ethnic segregation, and suburbanization and is expected going to increase in the future. The project that we propose seeks to connect communities and material chains from an integrated approach, social and economical. The project is based on the incorporation of the students through the region as a pioneer group for sustainable, economic and social development. Students represent a social capital that is necessary for the development of the region. However, at the same time they are a group that currently is experiencing vulnerability and lack of integration. In this way, through a multi-scale study and an urban acupuncture strategy, the location of this group is projected into strategic areas in order to encourage social sustainability and inclusive economic development.","Amsterdam Metropolitan Area; Circular Economy; Social sustainability; Social participation; Floating population","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Urbanism","",""
"uuid:002304af-bbeb-44a9-ac91-cafe63a784c4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:002304af-bbeb-44a9-ac91-cafe63a784c4","Urban Horizon: A Technical Report on the Development of a Web Application for Sky View Factor Calculation","Bouzas, Vasileios (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); de Groot, Rob (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Sajadianjaghargh, Melika (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Tzounakos, Nikos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Wu, Teng (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Wandl, Alex (mentor); Commandeur, T.J.F. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","In this report, we briefly summarize the methodology behind the development of a web application for the municipality of the Hague. This application was developed by a group of students during the Synthesis Project (academic period 2017-2018) of the MSc Geomatics programme of TU Delft University, the Netherlands. The main purpose of this application is the estimation of Sky View Factor (SVF), a necessary element for modern urban planning. To calculate SVF, the methodology used is based on 3D point clouds in order to incorporate the urban environment in its entirety (including vegetation). Development of the webpage, along with use for different location across the Hague, have shown that this approach provides a fast and at the same time, quite accurate calculation for SVF.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","Synthesis Project 2018",""
"uuid:e1beefe5-d403-4500-a461-fd373a599a8c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e1beefe5-d403-4500-a461-fd373a599a8c","The Application of Bayesian Network Model: Quantifying Riverine Flood Hazard in the Java Island","Stephen Sanjaya, Stephen (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Morales Napoles, O. (mentor); Hrachowitz, M. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","","Bayesian Network; Flood Hazard; Java Island; Indonesia","en","student report","","","","","","Additional Graduation Work - CE05050-09","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:6579ad40-1339-44b6-b9d4-6cae90190819","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6579ad40-1339-44b6-b9d4-6cae90190819","Application of Bayesian Networks to Estimate River Discharges in Ecuador","Torres Alves, Gina (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Morales Napoles, Oswaldo (mentor); Hrachowitz, Markus (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2018","Ecuadorian cities that are located near banks of rivers or near the sea and that have low elevation respect to sea level are more exposed to floods (MIDUVI, 2015). This research will focus on the study of the Guayas river basin, which encloses the city of Guayaquil, the most populated city of the country with 2’578.201 inhabitants where 993.123 inhabitants live in flood-prone areas (INEC, 2010) that can be translated as the 46.2% of the population of the city. This research aims to apply the Bayesian Network model proposed by Paprotny & Morales-Nápoles (2017) in the Guayas river basin, and to observe how this model performs in catchments like the ones in Ecuador by comparing it to the previous application in Europe. Other applications of the model (with their corresponding adjustments) were performed in the US and in Colombia, therefore this study can be used as a first step in order to develop a model for Ecuador.","bayesian networks; Flood Risk","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:d92862f4-d7e1-4b49-9be3-d37be9a4ff15","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d92862f4-d7e1-4b49-9be3-d37be9a4ff15","Colciencias","van der Bilt, Vibeke (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Olthoff, Tymen (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Horst, Tim (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Roelvink, Floortje (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Komen, Rutger (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Tempel, Auke (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Colombia’s economy has been growing steady in the past decades, partly because of the increase in tourism. However, this tourism also has a downside. Hotels and restaurants are constructed one after another, preferably along the coast. This, combined with factors such as climate change and land subsidence and the fact that people tend to prefer living close to the coast, leads to a vulnerable and erosive coast, especially in the departments of La Guajira and Magdalena. Therefore, Project Colciencias was initiated by three local universities and two companies, a large scale study to improve and implement coastal projects in this area. Focus is on areas that experience critical erosion; erosion that puts local economy, environment and national heritage at risk (Oceanus, 2013). Ten objectives are formulated by the five different parties, e.g. characterization of the coast, development of pilot projects and socialisation of coastal projects.
The goal of this multidisciplinary research conducted by TU Delft students in cooperation with Oceanus International is to improve the Colciencias project by combining Dutch and Colombian expertise, technology, efficiency and theory. After analysing the political, cultural, social, hydraulic and environmental situation, and after consulting various stakeholders three research objectives were stated and elaborated.
The first goal is to create a framework to ensure a consistent and efficient implementation of the intended pilot projects. Not only does it cover the hydraulic aspects of a project, it also takes into account the socio-economic, environmental and legal factors. To support the part of the framework that comprehends the hydraulic analysis and the development of alternatives for coastal protection, a detailed document on numerical models is written. This is objective number two. Next to information on numerical models in general, the three main types of coastal models are discussed; coastline, regional - and local morphodynamic models. Eight specific models are then further highlighted, resulting in a decision tree that helps in choosing the best model for your specific engineering application. To test the framework, a case study was executed in one of the critical erosion zones, the village of Ciénaga. The framework was followed concisely to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency. Among other things, a field trip was organised to carry out experiments and execute a survey to explore the socio-economic values of the region. Next to that, interviews were carried out with officials and local parties to obtain information on past projects and the local legal framework. From the case study it was concluded that the framework functions, but that it should be noted that the case study is only a test of the framework, and that much further research needs to be conducted for the actual design and implementation of the coastal plan for Ciénaga.
Lastly, our goal was to start a dialogue about the impact of integrated coastal zone management and coastal erosion problems. In practice this resulted in many interviews, a survey, attendance of local community meetings, presentations at the Universidad del Norte for stakeholders of the project and an informal gathering of students at the Universidad de Cartagena. Furthermore, the framework shall be distributed to possible stakeholders as well as an informative presentation along with an introductory movie.
Part of the coastal dynamic system is the intrawave sediment transport. To improve understanding of this phenomenon, research is done on the wave conditions in a tidal inlet of the Wadden Sea. In the accompanying field campaign use is made of unanchored WaveDroids, used as wave resolving drifter. This is the first time unanchored use of WaveDroids is carried out. The use of a moving measurement device gives rise to differences in measurement results compared to the known approach with fixed measurement devices.
This research shows the difficulties that must be overcome to process raw measurement data in such a way that the data becomes suitable for analysis and interpretation. The data is filtered on frequency and on wave height to give a useful representation of the wave field. The processed data is assessed on the energy density spectrum, the wave height distributions and the time series of wave heights and surface elevation. Subsequently, in the interpretation of the selected data, insight is given in the measured wave field.
From this research is concluded that the use of WRD’s is suitable to measure the vertical component of wave displacement. The effect of a Doppler shift, originating from the use of different frames of reference, is not significant is common sea states. The measurement of the horizontal component of wave displacement requires more research on correcting processing steps.","Wave Droid; wave resolving drifter; WRD; tidal inlet; wave-current interaction; spectral analysis; wave-by-wave analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","SEAWAD: research into a sand engine for the Wadden Islands",""
"uuid:0940a469-0f4d-40fd-92a2-ffad9ac0aa7e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0940a469-0f4d-40fd-92a2-ffad9ac0aa7e","Structure-soil interaction for horizontally polarised shear waves: Formulating SH-waves in a homogeneous elastic continuum with generalised boundary conditions","Jolink, Chris (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Structural Engineering)","van Dalen, Karel (mentor); Tsouvalas, Apostolos (graduation committee); Zhao, Mingjuan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","When modelling a structure-soil system, interaction stresses at the interface of the structure and the surface of soil layer influence the dynamic behaviour of the system. These interaction stresses are not accounted for in many simplified models that evaluate the behaviour of the soil layer and the structure separately. Modelling a fully coupled system requires extensive computation that changes with every alteration to the model. Having a general framework of equations that can be easily adapted to each specific case can therefor be of great value.
In this thesis, we model the soil layer as a homogeneous, elastic continuum with two boundary conditions. One boundary condition is a kinematic excitation at the bottom of the soil layer, which is formulated in terms of a Fourier series with prescribed coefficients. The boundary condition at the top of the soil layer is a stress function, formulated as a Fourier series with unknown coefficients. The general solution of the equation of motion is then solved in terms of these known and unknown coefficients. The structure is modelled as an inextensible mass or as a mass-spring system, which is excited by an external force at the interface with the soil layer, formulated in the same Fourier terms and unknown coefficients as for the soil layer. The unknown coefficients are solved by means of an interface condition between the soil layer and the structure.
This computational method provides an equation of motion for the soil layer that depends on the applied structure model. When the structure model is altered, for example by a mass-spring system instead of a single mass, only the interface condition has to be reevaluated to find a solution for the equation of motion of the soil layer and the structure. This thesis shows that this computational model, where we write the specific solution to the equation of motion in terms of unknown Fourier series coefficients, does indeed work.
By analysing the stress distribution at the interface between the soil layer and the structure for different frequencies, results show that the stress is resonant at the natural frequencies of the system. The stress distribution is nearly uniform for most frequencies, but the stresses increase at the sides of the interface at the natural frequencies. It can also be shown that the interaction stresses increase with the frequency.
When analysing various transfer functions, the influence of the stress interaction between the soil layer and the structure is most visible. Computing a fully coupled system shows that the natural frequencies of the system are affected by the structure on the top of the soil layer. First, the natural frequencies are partially shifted to lower frequencies. Secondly, not all natural frequencies lead to infinite resonance: the transfer functions show an alternating pattern of finite and infinite responses to the excitation at the natural frequencies.
The transfer functions of added mass-spring systems, for example, used to model multi story buildings, also shows the influence of the interaction stress compared to the isolated model of the structure. The coupled system shows again that the natural frequencies are partially shifted and not all natural frequencies lead to infinite resonance.
It can be concluded that the interaction stress in a fully coupled system has a significant impact on the system and should be taken into account when modelling a structure-soil system. The tested computational method is good way to do so.","Soil Dynamics; SH-waves; Soil-Structure Interaction; Structural Dynamic; Shear waves","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:43c59c3b-f41e-4beb-b724-a1a7f8d61c1f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:43c59c3b-f41e-4beb-b724-a1a7f8d61c1f","Hoogfrequente treinoperatie in de randstad: Onderzoeksopdracht","de Kok, Frans (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Veeke, Hans (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:91af6868-9df9-4c3b-9ec1-7125c88dc298","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91af6868-9df9-4c3b-9ec1-7125c88dc298","Water productivity assessment of rice paddies in Indonesia","Hoogmoet, Gijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Klop, stijn (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Mulder, Esmée (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Nederlof, Ilse (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Vleugels, Jef (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); van der Vliet, Nils (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Cai, X. (mentor); Bastiaanssen, W.G.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","IHE-Delft in cooperation with the Asian Development Bank (ADB) conducts a pilot project on assessing Crop Water Productivity in Asia, aiming to contribute to sustainable development in Asia’s irrigation sector, and create more value from scarce water resources. Indonesia is one of the 6 pilot countries where advanced technologies to measure Water Productivity (WP) from satellite data were introduced. Indonesia is the third largest rice producer of the world. Given the challenges such as growing population, degrading land and increasing water scarcity in upcoming decades, the Indonesian government aims to rehabilitate its irrigation systems. More insights in the spatial distribution of irrigation water and water productivity of rice paddies could contribute to decision-making in future rehabilitation investments.
This report describes the assessment of Water Productivity (WP) of paddy rice in Indonesia using the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL). SEBAL is a tool that translates raw satellite measurements into maps of actual evapotranspiration and crop production, among others. The actual crop water consumption (i.e. actual evapotranspiration) and crop yield can now be estimated for every 30 m x 30 m, even if data on irrigation water application is not available. With this information, rice production per unit of land (kg/ha) as well as per unit of water consumed (kg/m3) can be computed.
Focus of this study are sites in Bali, West Java and Lombok. Fieldwork is conducted in Bali and West Java to support the maps with ‘ground truth’ data. Data is collected from local governmental institutes and farmers to verify the remote sensing outputs.
This research shows promising results linking SEBAL outputs with the ground truth even though the amount of fieldwork was limited. The inclusion of the new HANTS algorithm will create the technical opportunity to make daily WP reports for all rice fields in Indonesia, also under cloudy conditions. This could be a big information boost to support irrigation managers with their daily services of bringing water to farmers. Whereas some key explanatory reasons were detected (i.e. distance to canal, salt water intrusion, water quality, erosion), it is recommended to further explore relations between WP and influencing factors in the local context together with local irrigation officers. Even though the research revealed some limitations causing uncertainties, this new remote sensing technologies can support an efficient and effective investment purposes on modernization of irrigation. It is recommended that the Directorate of Irrigation and Lowlands recognize WP as a new policy instrument and implement it both at central level and irrigation district level.
highly energy intensive and has high CO2 emission. Therefore, development of the geopolymer concrete, based on use of industrial byproducts,
can provide an environmentally friendly and low-carbon alternative to OPC concrete. Geopolymer concrete characterized with
low permeability, mechanical properties and excellent heat resistance, has been receiving increasing attention in building industry
nowadays.
However, there are some challenges regarding the structural application, such as adjusting the fast setting time, tailoring the workability,
and controlling the shrinkage of blast furnace slag based geopolymer concrete.
The main aim of this study is to design and optimize geopolymer concrete mixture for manufacturing a reinforced cantilever bench. This is
accomplished by testing rheological and mechanical properties, and the drying shrinkage of geopolymer concrete.
The geopolymer binder consisted of fly ash (FA), blast furnace slag (BFS) and activator. The activator was made by mixing sodium
hydroxide and waterglass solutions. The prolonged setting time of the studied mixture was achieved by using proper type and amount of
chemical admixture in order to achieve enough time for casting but not to affect mechanical properties of the hardened concrete. The
compressive strength, elastic modulus, flexural strength, drying shrinkage and the effects of curing duration were evaluated.
The application of the optimized geopolymer mixture in the complex structural element such as cantilever bench has shown promising
results. Such small scale application and low risk project was suitable to gain the experience and confidence with this innovative type of
material for which no international codes or regulations are available. Furthermore, this project has proven to be encouraging for further
upscaling of geopolymer concrete for larger scale structural applications, like bridges and/or other structural elements in the building
industry.","alkali-activated concrete; geopolymer concrete; setting time; workability; elastic modulus; drying shrinkage; Structural application","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Structural Engineering","Additional thesis project",""
"uuid:7285b0a3-ace8-4568-b35d-2a6dc8180f6b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7285b0a3-ace8-4568-b35d-2a6dc8180f6b","Addicks and Barker Dams: An optimization to minimize damage due to flooding","Brussee, Anneroos (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van der Doef, Laura (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Jansen, Lise (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Oostrum, Natasja (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Jonkman, Sebastiaan N. (mentor); Kothuis, B.L.M. (mentor); Sebastian, Antonia (mentor); van Berchum, E.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The Addicks and Barker Reservoirs, built in the forties, are located in Houston and collect precipitation and run-off from upstream areas to reduce flood risks along Buffalo Bayou to protect downtown Houston. During Hurricane Harvey (August 25 - August 30, 2017), the precipitation reached a new record of 910 mm [36.2 inches] in a 4 day period in Houston. The gates of Addicks and Barker Reservoirs were opened during the night of 27-28 August which led to major damages due to downstream flooding. Besides, non-government owned land upstream was flooded due to high water levels in the reservoirs.
In this report, new design water levels for Addicks and Barker Reservoir are calculated based on inflowing discharge into the reservoirs and precipitation directly onto the reservoirs, including data of Hurricane Harvey. These calculated design water levels are compared with the critical water levels calculated based on the failure mechanisms of the dams. This study shows that the original design water level of the dams, based on the Probable Maximum Flood, are 2.83 m and 1.01 m higher than the critical water level for which failure of the dams can occur due to piping for Addicks and Barker Reservoir. However, the maximum allowed water level which is currently maintained by the United State Army Corps of Engineers, is 2.19 m and 2.46 m below the calculated critical water level. During Hurricane Harvey, these maximum allowed water levels were exceeded with 3.46 m and 1.93 m.
The damage of residential properties upstream and downstream of the reservoirs are minimized based on the distribution of excess volume from the inflow of creeks and precipitation onto the reservoirs. The ratio of the amount of volume which should remain upstream of the dams and the volume discharged into the Buffalo Bayou is calculated for every considered event with its duration and return period. The ratio of Addicks Reservoir is the dominant ratio, which should be used for both reservoirs. Run-off alone already produces damage, especially for the 12h and 24h precipitation, so the Addicks and Barker Reservoirs should not release discharge into the Buffalo Bayou for small durations. For events with a longer duration, it would cause less damage to open the outlets of the reservoirs than to keep them closed. However, if the water level in the reservoir exceeds the critical water level for piping, it is advised to discharge more to the downstream area to prevent breaching of the dams. Since the critical water level is reached for approximately 25% of the events at Addicks Reservoir, mitigations against piping should be taken to improve the minimization of damage. For Barker Reservoir, the critical water level is not reached in the optimization. During big events, people living upstream will be more affected by the flooding than people living downstream since this optimization is based on the damage minimization of residential properties.
The aim of this thesis is to visualise flow patterns around and the permeability of a selected dam in the field to be able to get a better understanding of the hydrodynamics of the area. As the coastal area of Demak is quite remote, low-tech drifters will be used for this purpose, made only of locally available, inexpensive materials. They will be released at different locations at different moments in the tidal cycle. Data acquisition will take place by visual observation and by a camera attached to a drone. An algorithm will be developed to process the data digitally. It will automatically detect the drifters in the images taken by the drone. Using several Ground Control Points, of which the GPS-coordinates are known, the images can be rectified, so that the relation between the pixels in every image and their location in the real world is known. Using this information and the pixel-coordinates of the detected drifters, the paths of the drifters can be extracted from the images in real-world coordinates. From these paths, flow velocites can be deduced. The permeability of the dam will be assessed by releasing milk into the flow in several configurations during which data will be acquired by means of a GoPro camera mounted above the semi-permeable dam.
The results show, that tide is the main driving force behind the flow patterns around the dam focused
on in this research. During falling tide, a circulation pattern can be seen, which is caused by a combination of the local bathymetry and a wind driven mass transport over the plot. The flow patterns however do not resemble the patterns found in earlier model runs of the area. The cause of this is
thought to be the combination of simplifications in the model and the permeability of the dams, which is not taken into account by the model, but is shown to be influential by the permeability tests. These
tests show that there is definitely mass transport through the dam considered, but also that this may not be universally applicable to all semi-permeable dams in the area, depended on their location. The drifter paths found by the developed algorithm resemble the visual observations convincingly. The found velocities are difficult to interpret, because of the large scatter on the found drifter paths. The scatter is believed to be a result of errors in the rectification process, which should be improved in the future if this technique is to be used more frequently. Also the design of the drifters and the flight plan of the drone should be revisited to increase the detected amount of drifters in the images. All in all, the technique does show great promise to acquire more data in this remote area, but needs further refinement before it can be used for scientific purposes.","Building with Nature; drifters; drone; image rectification; mangroves; mud coast; erosion; hybrid dam; permeable dam; current pattern; visualisation; BioManCO","en","student report","","","","","","Additional thesis.","","","","","","","BioManCO","-6.901509, 110.503917"
"uuid:680b095c-e607-4da9-90c1-1012b5e88b2c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:680b095c-e607-4da9-90c1-1012b5e88b2c","Investigation of the evolution of the irrigation system in ancient Mesopotamia using a hydraulic model","Chiou, Eleftheria (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Ertsen, Maurits (mentor); Kwakkel, Jan (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","In this study a simplified model of the rivers Tigris and Euphrates during the Uruk period (3500-3100 B.C.) was created in order to define the hydraulic behaviour of the rivers in ancient Mesopotamia. The model was used to test the effect of a number of factors on the water-level of the river system. Especially, the role of the development of settlements in the Mesopotamian valley and the way the irrigation system was operated was examined. Also, physical processes such as the avulsion of the secondary branches of the two rivers was taken into account.
According to the results of the simulation Euphrates is much more sensitive to an increase in water demand than Tigris. However, when two branches in the upper part of the river are closed the problem of low water level in Euphrates is solved. Furthermore, the development of settlements and irrigation nodes in ancient Mesopotamia, at the lower part of the valley, has as a result a lack of sufficient water even at the early stages of societal development. On the other hand, Euphrates does not seem to be so sensitive to an increase in water demand in the upper part of the valley.","ancient Mesopotamia; irrigation system; hydraulic model","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:096821f5-010e-4cdd-83f1-4c6834ad8364","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:096821f5-010e-4cdd-83f1-4c6834ad8364","Project Point Pedro: A multidisciplinary design study of the Point Pedro fishery harbour","Hoogsteder, Fiona (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Engelhart, Eric (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Vlaming, Annemieke (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); van den Berg, Nick (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Blom, Tijmen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Verlaan, J.G. (mentor); Ngan-Tillard, D.J.M. (mentor); Fernando, Channa (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","In Sri Lanka, the government and the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam waged a civil war between 1983 and 2009. During this period the social and economic development in the north and east of the country was disrupted. Due to this disruption a development opportunity for this region is the expansion of the fishery industry. In 2016, the Sri Lankan government proposed the Northern Province Sustainable Fisheries Development Project, in which the construction of a harbour at Point Pedro in the Jaffna District is included. This harbour should become the second largest fishery harbour in Sri Lanka.
This report covers the design study of the Point Pedro harbour project, the goal of this study is to design a safe, economically efficient and socially accepted harbour at Point Pedro. To achieve this goal, the following research question “How can safety, economic efficiency and environmental impact be combined optimally in a harbour design for Point Pedro in the Jaffna District?” is answered.
In figure XX, the final design of the harbour can be seen. This design is focused on the optimal combination between safety, economic efficiency and environmental impact. Because these criteria are conflicting, they are prioritized as follows: (1) safety, (2) economic efficiency and (3) environmental impact. Safety is provided by constructing breakwaters around the harbour, providing sheltered water conditions in the harbour basin. Also, the harbour entrance is constructed in a way that monsoon waves cannot directly intrude into the basin. Economic efficiency is accounted for by constructing the quay wall close to the central located fish processing facilities. This optimizes the supply chain, resulting in a smaller loss in the fish production (compared to the current situation). The costs are optimized by reusing all dredged material inside the breakwater or for land reclamation. Additionally, the location of the harbour entrance is minimizing the sailing routes as much as possible, without creating safety issues due to wave intrusion. Finally, the negative effects of social impact are limited by involving local fishermen and residents during the entire development process. Because these stakeholders are potential blockers of the project, it is important to include their opinions in the design. This can also be done by broadening the scope, in which touristic facilities and accommodations can be included in the project. Other negative impacts of the harbour can be either mitigated or minimized. However, because the environmental impact is determined as the least important criteria, it is not able to solve every issue.
This design is considered to be the most optimal combination for the harbour design of Point Pedro, regarding the criteria of safety, economic efficiency and environmental impact. It is recommended to EML Consultants that three characteristics of the proposed design should be implemented in their final design for Point Pedro: (1) apply building on the reef for land reclamation inside the harbour, (2) cluster the fish processing facilities near the unloading quay walls, because it optimizes the fish supply chain and reduces fish loss, and (3) construct the jetties for large boats (in the east of the harbour) as proposed, because it optimizes manoeuverability inside the harbour using minimal space. The final recommendation is to perform additional research to make a more accurate design, as the main limitation of the report is the limited amount of available data. Additional research should be done in the fields of; wave data, ground conditions over the entire harbour basin, cost estimation and sedimentation.
For simulating the morphological effects in bends there are two different major factors involved that have been described by several scientists: bed slope effects and spiral flow. For modelling morphological development of a river bend several tests have been done on two different cases that have been researched in a laboratory flume (Delft Hydraulics Laboratory (DHL) and Laboratory of Fluid Mechanics (LFM)) in the 80s. In this research the effects of the major characteristics on the bed development of the bend are examined. This has been done by varying the different input parameters that have influence on the secondary flow and the bed slope effects. Subsequently the varied input files are used to model the same bend with Delft3D 4 Suite, D-Flow FM with an unstructured grid and D-Flow FM with a structured grid. In this way the differences are shown between the different kinds of modelling of the same input parameters.
The parameters that have been tuned are Ash, Bsh and Csh for the bedload transport factor that is influencing the bed slope effect. The other parameter is Espir that influence the amount of spiral flow in a bend. The last is αcal that is a multiplication factor in the sediment transport formula from Engelund-Hansen in Delft3D 4 Suite. After optimising these parameters it was not possible to reproduce the flume experiments. Reason for this is probably a simplification in the numerical calculation because with similar parameters of Struiksmas modulation [6] in 1985, which reproduce the flume well, it was still not possible.
To improve the reliability of the model it is recommended to study the following aspects:
• Improvement of the inflow boundary conditions, to improve the way in which water and sediment flows into the system.
• Improvement of the numerical modelling, to create a model that can simulate the characteristics of the river bed in a better way.
• Look for test cases which are close to reality to see if the updates in the model are truly simulating the reality.
By improving these points, the morphological changes might be predicted in a better way than it is in the current situation. Also it will be possible to have less crashes during the run of simulations.","Delft3D; Delft3D-FM; river bend morphology","en","student report","","","","","","Additional master thesis","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:e97d5fe0-d668-40fe-9f99-89a681e7c99f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e97d5fe0-d668-40fe-9f99-89a681e7c99f","Shock Safe Nepal: Validation of the model house and a long-term plan for sustainable upscaling of earthquake resistant housing in rural areas in Nepal","Schepers, Micky (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); Widjaja, Alexandra (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Vons, Focco (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Sijbesma, Floris (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences); Rossi, Emanuele (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences)","Schipper, H.R. (mentor); Verlaan, J.G. (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (mentor); Mosselman, E. (mentor); de Jong, W.M. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Shock Safe Nepal was founded as a response to the 2015 Nepal earthquakes to function as a platform to contribute to the development of knowledge on earthquake safe housing. The goal of the report of team 5 is to validate and optimise the design of the pilot house that was created based on the work of previous teams, and the development on implementation plans for a validated and optimised house. Literature study, field work and interviews have been performed resulting in main findings of this report.
Primarily, the used materials were analysed in the report, including bamboo, CSEB bricks and concrete. They were analysed consulting literature, conducting laboratory tests in cooperation with the University of Tribhuvan. Bamboo was mainly analysed consulting literature sources, since laboratory tests were not feasible. It was found that its material properties are immensely difficult to determine and can vary from one column to another. However, it remains a strong and cheap building material. CSEB bricks were used due to its availability, strength and price. The material properties were derived from tests done by Build Up Nepal and from literature sources. Its mechanical performance is like that of concrete. It’s an easy material to build with and incorporate steel rebar’s. However, its durability and consistency is something which was not thoroughly investigated and remains debatable. The concrete used, was thoroughly tested, conducting slump cone, compression and Schmidt Hammer tests. It was found that the concrete used in the pilot house is of acceptable quality, but there is room for improvement by following clear guidelines and technical assistance. Subsequently, static calculations were executed, regarding the roof, the load bearing structure and the foundation. It was found that these different components, perform safely under static conditions, with the applied loads, separately and combined. The load bearing structure has turned out to be a wall-bearing structure. This was not assumed at first. Furthermore, after calculations, it was found that the roof and foundation were largely over dimensioned. This is, however, determined considering many assumptions, such as the soil properties.
Regarding an earthquake situation, the walls and bearing capacity were researched and calculated following quasi-static conditions. The earthquake conditions were derived from the Peak Ground Acceleration. Primarily the walls were researched. Two scenarios were considered, a 3-point collapse failure mechanism and punctual overturning collapse failure mechanism. Both mechanisms were tested for different wall compartments. These calculations give a small insight in the actual situation, because dynamic loads are applied statically, non-linear or dynamic calculations should be conducted as well as FEM modelling, for more thorough understanding. It must be said that the rebar and resonance effects were not considered. Regarding the bearing capacity, a PGA of 0.6 was used and from calculations, partly considering the soil and superstructure inertial effects, the bearing capacity would not fail. However, superstructure resonance was not considered. Larger PGA’s were not investigated, which means that it is not determined under which conditions failure would occur. From these analyses the Structural optimisations are made to the design. This includes improving the joints between different elements of the house. Regarding the materials used the optimisations include 5 protecting the CSEB bricks from weather as they are load-bearing. Guidelines are given on the placement of the house regarding the foundation and the slope. According to the calculations the foundation is over- dimensioned.
For the stakeholder analysis, extensive research was done through interviews which was combined with literary information available. This was then used to create a power interest grid and a network analysis, which shows the links between different categories of stakeholders and different specific stakeholders. This analysis also gave insight in the sheer number of stakeholders involved in rebuilding Nepal and the importance of defining the role of SSN further. The external factors that are important in working in Nepal were analysed, this was done regarding social, technical, economic, environmental, political, legal and ethical aspects and based on literature research, field research and interviews. Implementation methods of different types of organisations in Nepal were analysed. These findings were concluded in a SWOT analysis of the organisations. Defining the strengths, weaknesses, Opportunities and threats of other organisation help to define the direction that SSN should move in and those aspects of building in Nepal that can also be defined as strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to SSN or make SSN different to other organisations. The risks of building in Nepal must be considered to create a realistic and feasible long-term plan and need to be mitigated a risk analysis is done. The findings in the risk assessment are found in external risks, design risks and construction risks. A plan is then set up to mitigate external risks and construction risks are the. The findings of the long-term plan are organised into a strategy for SSN, an engagement plan and an implementation pathway. The strategy is concluded in a SWOT analysis which is then used to create a TOWS analysis. This TOWS analysis combined the internal and external strengths and weaknesses to bring new creative ways of maximising strengths and opportunities and minimising the weaknesses and threats. The Implementation pathway contains long- term goals for SSN, that are structured into regulatory, implementation, technical and organisational goals and that can be added onto by future teams.
This research is to be a logical step in a series of research projects which will contribute to the reconstruction of an earthquake safe environment in Nepal. It can be used as consultation advice, guideline or as a base for in-depth follow up research on one of the included topics.","Earthquake; Resistant; Housing; Ratankot; Nepal; Rural Area","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Shock Safe Nepal","27.700769, 85.300140"
"uuid:0b5810e9-3164-478f-a76f-fb247411425a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0b5810e9-3164-478f-a76f-fb247411425a","Sustainable Dala: Showcase of a sustainable water infrastructure","Bandinu, Giacomo (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Barendsen, Lot (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Delfos, Jeroen (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Janse, Arnout (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering; TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); Overtoom, Irene (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Pel, A.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The goal of this project is to develop a design for Dala’s water system that deals with challenges of the township in a sustainable way. Dala is a township of Yangon, Myanmar’s economic centre. It is located directly South of the central business district (CBD), across the Yangon river. The area is now largely underdeveloped, but in 2021 it will be directly connected to Yangon’s CBD by a bridge, after which rapid urbanization and growth is expected. Current water infrastructure is already lacking heavily, making the need for a full new system even more imminent for the future. In an 8 week field research period, a full design cycle was conducted with input from several local experts and stakeholders. The final advice is to implement a new system focused on rainwater harvesting, large-scale storage in reservoirs and a dual reticulation system for water supply to the consumer. Other water infrastructure, such as drainage, sewage and treatment is designed to fit these focal points. This system is more sustainable than commonly used methods, as the resource is not impacted and energy is saved on treatment and transport. Furthermore, it caters for all expected water needs in 2040, making Dala fully self sufficient in closing the water circle.","Sustainable; water infrastructure; drinking water; water harvesting; water supply","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP239","16.758, 96.158"
"uuid:205fa6b1-2234-4ba9-bb4d-a5939142f57f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:205fa6b1-2234-4ba9-bb4d-a5939142f57f","The implications of the mandatory character of the Dutch drinking water benchmark","Elshof, Andrea (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","van der Hoek, J.P. (graduation committee); Mostert, E. (graduation committee); de Goede, J.A.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The Dutch drinking water benchmark has been carried out every three years since 1997. In 2011, the benchmark was incorporated into the Drinking Water Act. As a result the benchmark switched from a voluntarily benchmark executed by the Association of Dutch water companies to a mandatory benchmark executed by the Human Environment and Transport Inspectorate. In addition, the drinking water companies have to hand in an improvement plan 6 months after the benchmark publication. Based on interviews with benchmark coordinators of drinking water companies the influence of the inclusion of the benchmark into the Drinking Water Act on the improvement driven part of the benchmark is studied. For this purpose, the following four issues are discussed: changes experienced as a consequence of the shifting from a voluntarily to a mandatory benchmark, influence of mandatory character of the benchmark on the drivers, identified by de Goede et al. (2016), the role of the improvement plans and a new instrument to stimulate improvement.
The differences between the voluntarily and mandatory benchmark are identified: the benchmark switched from being only an improvement driven instrument to an instrument for accountability as well and the drinking water organizations lost control over the development of the benchmark. The influence of the mandatory character on the drivers for performance improvement have been determined: only the driver 'enhanced transparency' is (positively) influenced. In order for the improvement plans to be able to have a positive effect on the stimulation of improvement, a feedback system should be implemented and the publications of the benchmark and improvement plans have to be faster. The benchmark is still thought to be useful, although an adaptive benchmark could stimulate improvement again.","benchmarking; Dutch drinking water sector","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Additional thesis",""
"uuid:bbfdfa7f-f6f4-487e-af29-578189c66350","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bbfdfa7f-f6f4-487e-af29-578189c66350","Mapping irrigated areas and water consumption in Crete","Ioannidou, Eleni (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Bastiaanssen, Wim (mentor); Alfieri, Silvia (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","","irrigation; Crete; water consumption","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:82c804f2-834d-4367-bad0-9c1b60279f34","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:82c804f2-834d-4367-bad0-9c1b60279f34","A Study of the Application of Safety Formats in Non-linear Finite Element Analysis of Reinforced Concrete Tunnel Segment","Zhou, Yanxin (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Hendriks, Max (mentor); Yang, Yuguang (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The application of non-linear finite element analysis is important nowadays to simulate the real behavior of structure. A sort of non-linear finite element analysis with and without safety formats referring to Model Code 2010 is applied in this thesis, to study the FEM simulation of the shear capacity of reinforced concrete structure. A case study is based on a tunnel segment experiment. Comparative analysis is performed to study how valid safety formats are in practice. In addition, the influence of fracture energy to shear capacity is also discussed applying different calculation methods stated in Model Code 1990 and Model Code 2010 respectively.","Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis; Reinforced concrete; safety assessment","en","student report","","","","","","Additional thesis.","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:62d50dff-16cc-456b-8232-7a47b49cdca3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62d50dff-16cc-456b-8232-7a47b49cdca3","Redesigning Makro Colombia’s Supply Chain Infrastructure","van Berckel, Joost (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); van Gent, Carlijn (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering); Scherpbier, Edzard (TU Delft Technology, Policy and Management); de Wit, Sietze (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","br","Supply Chain; Communication; Infrastructure; Redevelopment; Cash-and- Carry","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","MP246","4.6, -74.1"
"uuid:6fdc63f7-df09-411d-8131-8b804d921b55","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6fdc63f7-df09-411d-8131-8b804d921b55","The Future of Water Research: Supporting the implementation of citizen science data collection by investigating the current water quality and quantity situation in the main water sources of the Kathmandu Valley","van Doorn, Sylvia (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Haitsma Mulier, Margot (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Koliolios, Nikiforos (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); van Lohuizen, Ingo (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Schakel, Jasper (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences); Verschuren, Lisa (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Bogaard, Thom (mentor); Davids, Jeff (mentor); Rutten, Martine (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Kathmandu is a prime example of a city exhibiting both rapid metropolitan region expansion and a population boom. This growth leads to a water stress and pollution of the surface and groundwater. The lack of proper waste management and sanitation results in the ongoing deterioration of the water quality in the Kathmandu Valley. The situation is worsened by the lack of a complete and safe drinking water network leading citizens to pivot on conventional water sources like stone spouts and bore wells. Consequently, groundwater extraction, from the aquifer under the Kathmandu Valley, is expected to keep increasing and the groundwater table to drop as the recharge is less than the extraction rate. This research aims to address the influences of land-use on the quantity and quality of water sources in the Kathmandu Valley and how the necessary data can be collected by citizen science in the future. The fieldwork took place in August 2017 when groundwater level, water quality and land-use data were collected from seven watersheds within the Kathmandu Valley in Nepal. At the same time, existing citizen science precipitation data were processed and juxtaposed with respective satellite data, namely IMERG GPM. On the one hand, the results confirm our initial assumption that the quality of the river water dramatically deteriorates (except for nitrite, nitrate and phosphate) while flowing through the agricultural and urban areas. Another observation is that spout water quality (except E. coli, turbidity and iron) is also negatively influenced by human activities. On the other hand, there is no clear link between land-use and wells’ water quality. A strange finding is that spouts and wells water quality do not behave similarly showcasing that they do not originate from the same aquifer. A health risk analysis was conducted with the results indicating that some water quality parameters have values exceeding the WHO standards. Regarding the option of implementing satellite data to facilitate citizen science, the contingency analysis shows that satellite products can detect the general temporal precipitation pattern although they perform poorly when it comes to estimating the correct amounts of rainfall. An extended network of rain gauges within the Kathmandu Valley is vital to establish a strong linear relationship between ground and satellite data which is, in turn, essential to enable GPM to enhance the temporal resolution of the citizen science measurements. Furthermore, the implementation of land-use and water quality measurements into citizen science shows increasing potential especially when taking into account the contribution of ODK. The accuracy of the citizen science ground truthing was found to be 33% when compared to the experts. Proper training of the citizen scientists is essential to improve performance. During research temperature, EC and turbidity were labelled as indication parameters. Those parameters are used to indicate the range of other water quality parameters which cannot be measured easily. The indication parameters, however, can be measured with affordable equipment and together with water quality strips prove to be powerful tools in the hands of citizen science. Finally, the groundwater recharge for the monsoon period was determined, but it is expected to be drastically reduced the rest of the year. A solid conclusion about the relation between recharge and land-use can’t be made unless a more substantial number of wells is regularly sampled.
In this research a physics-based rating curve is developed and evaluated that is more reliable and easy to update. By the use of a photogrammetry techtnique 3D surface maps of river banks are generated by pictures obtained from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The topography of the main channel is determined by using an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) or it is approximated by the making use of expert judgement and the method developed by Lane (relates the water depth of the channel to the width and natural angle of repose). By knowing the geometric profile of a river reach, only the roughness coefficient and water surface slope are the unknown parameters to derive the rating curve, where the Manning’s formula acts as the basis of the rating curve. In this way, the rating curves can be made physically substantiated and the calibration parameter is the combination of roughness and water surface slope.
Instead of using the power law function as a approximate function of the rating curve, it is used as approximation of the conveyance-water level relationship. Therefore, the exponents in the power law function are physical substantiated and reduce uncertainties in the extrapolation zone of the traditional method, because the profile during high flow conditions is also known. Further more, the local invariabilities that are specific to single cross-section analyses are minimized by analysing river reaches. It is demonstrated that local invariabilities arises easily in natural rivers that are causing non-uniform flows, which make in general the the open-channel flow analysis much more complex. However, the average conveyance of a reach may led to the a valid assumption of a uniform flow (which is part of the assumption in the Manning’s formula), depending on how the local variabilities behave. The calibration of rating curves are much easier compared with the traditional way. Instead of collecting new discharge
measurements during dispersed flows, you just have to visit the area ones with a drone and surveying equipment. During this visit, the new new geometric profile can be captured and the rating curve can be updated, assuming that the roughness and water surface slope remains constant.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Additional thesis",""
"uuid:39b60a34-bfe3-4852-a193-ec16c2f94506","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:39b60a34-bfe3-4852-a193-ec16c2f94506","Estimation of InSAR Tropospheric Delay Using ERA-Interim Global Atmospheric Reanalysis","Ku, Ou (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","Hanssen, Ramon (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Tropospheric delays are considered to be one of the main performance limitations for Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar technology when applied to ground deformation monitoring. In this study, we evaluate the performance of ERA-Interim global atmospheric reanalysis on estimating the tropospheric delay on Sentinel-1 InSAR observations. The results are validated by four D-InSAR interferograms with small temporal/perpendicular baselines computed from Sentinel-1 observations. Based on the study, we concluded that the ERA-Interim global atmospheric reanalysis has relatively better performance in the regions with significant topography and stable atmospheric conditions.","InSAR; tropospheric delay; water vapor mapping; atmosphere correction; ERA-Interim atmospheric reanalysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:0e1a518b-2e08-4ab9-aa02-c0b34831f112","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0e1a518b-2e08-4ab9-aa02-c0b34831f112","Measuring coastal erosion with the help of the local population in Myanmar","van den Berg, Jelle Jacobus (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Rutten, M.M. (mentor); de Vries, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Coastal erosion in Myanmar causes the coastline to retreat, which increases the flood risk for those who live near the coast. Lack of data about the coastline retreat makes it difficult to design proper flood protection measurements (UNFCC 2007). Since Myanmar is a relative poor country traditional measuring techniques, such as laser mapping, are not applicable. Therefore, the rate of erosion was measured with the help of citizen science. A new method was tested, in which measurements were performed with the help from the camera in a smartphone. Pictures were taken from a point of reference on the beach. With the help of triangular symmetry the distance from the participant to the reference was determined. With the help of CTD divers and Xtides, the effect of the tides was included in the measurements as well. This resulted in beach width measurements over time. A decreasing trend in beach measurements indicated erosion of the beach, as expected. The method has proven to be useful for measuring erosion for less developed countries, such as Myanmar. When the method is compared to the existing project Sandwatch (Cambers,2009), the advantage is that it easier to participate, since no additional tools are needed and the measurements can be performed at any time.","Coastal erosion; Myanmar; Crowdsourcing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Additional thesis","18.4671,94.3411"
"uuid:fad400e4-a345-4a8a-8b63-e20c98d84c69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fad400e4-a345-4a8a-8b63-e20c98d84c69","Ports in Transition","Neisingh, Wouter (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Vellinga, Tiedo (mentor); Verlaan, Jules (mentor); Taneja, Poonam (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Ports worldwide are confronted with a changing environment in terms of global economy and a rising awareness of the necessity of balancing economic, social and environmental interests. Therefore, in recent years, a lot of research has been directed towards studying sustainable port development. However, the focus has been on greenfield ports, while little has been said about ports in transition. This paper presents a framework for sustainable development of ports in transition and applies it to the re-development of bay of Havana in Cuba.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","23.133112, -82.342631"
"uuid:4b71f013-7052-4c28-a257-0e08cf7daed7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b71f013-7052-4c28-a257-0e08cf7daed7","Estimating the Groundwater Recharge of the Chindwin and Irrawaddy Basin in Myanmar Using Remote Sensing Based Water Accounting (WA+)","Bremer, Karin (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Bastiaanssen, Wim (mentor); Rutten, Martine (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Sustainable land and water management in Myanmar are desired since the country is rapidly changing. An analysis of the discharge data and an estimation on the groundwater recharge are desired to obtain this. In this paper, the discharge data of seven gauge stations in the Irrawaddy river are analyzed. Also, a method is described to estimate the groundwater recharge based on the Water Accounting + framework (WA+). This is done for the Irrawaddy basin in Myanmar upstream Pyay, and the Chindwin basin, which is part of the Irrawaddy basin. The groundwater recharge estimation is made with the use of remote sensing data, no ground measurements were needed for this. The method is based on the water balance and uses precipitation data (CHIRPS), actual evaporation data (ETensv1.0.) and output from the PCRaster Global Water Balance model. On a yearly basis, it is assumed that the change in storage is zero. Therefore, the annual discharge for the Chindwin basin and at Pyay could be used to validate the remote sensing precipitation minus evaporation. For the period 2005-2010 the 6-year average groundwater recharge is estimated to be 430-500 mm/year (20-23% of the rainfall) in the Chindwin basin and 340-400 mm/year (19-22% of the rainfall) for the Irrawaddy basin upstream Pyay. Most groundwater recharge takes place in the Northern part of Myanmar, as expected considering the high rainfall there. Some simplifications were made in the groundwater recharge estimation and the calculations were made on a cell basis. This is taken into account when determining the range. The method provided in this paper can be applied everywhere with remote sensing data. However, ground truth is recommended to validate the results.","groundwater recharge; Water accounting; Irrawaddy Basin; Remote Sensing; Discharge analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:e684f420-9183-439e-857b-60a6a52fdc84","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e684f420-9183-439e-857b-60a6a52fdc84","A hybrid solution for the Galveston Seawall: A study on the reduction of the hydraulic loads by a sand cover at the Galveston Seawall with the use of XBeach","Muller, Jos (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Figlus, Jens (mentor); de Vries, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The City of Galveston is protected from extreme storm impact by a 17-km concrete seawall facing the Gulf of Mexico. Recent investigations have shown that the seawall may not be sufficient any more to protect against a 1 in 100 year design storm. Since raising the seawall disconnects the city from the beach and may be very costly, a hybrid approach is being discussed in which the existing hard structure is covered by a dune. This numerical model study investigates the hydro- and morphodynamic effects of adding a sand cover to the Galveston Seawall under extreme storm conditions.","Galveston; Houston; Texas; hybrid; coastal; defence; seawall; XBeach; Ike; hurricane; dike; dune","en","student report","","","","","","Additional thesis","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Hydraulic Engineering | Coastal Engineering","","29.284696,-94.795859"
"uuid:5aa80d47-048b-4f35-93bd-e9c56207f149","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5aa80d47-048b-4f35-93bd-e9c56207f149","Flood Management Campeche","de Kruijf, Tessa (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures); Frederik, Kevin (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures); Janmaat, Ivar (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Transport and Planning); Woerlee, Sebastiaan (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Rivera Arriaga, E. (mentor); Posada Vanegas, G. (mentor); Mendoza Baldwin, E. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Braam, C.R. (mentor); Annema, J.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The focus of this research is to provide solutions to the city of Campeche to decrease the
inundation risks generated by a hurricane with an occurrence of once in
fifty years. Campeche
is a city located at the Gulf of Mexico on the Yucatan Peninsula. The rapid growth of the
city is one of the reasons it is having troubles with the water and flood management of several
areas throughout the city. Although the municipality has already executed some improvements
to the drainage system during the last years, it is still lacking to cope with heavy rainfall and
storm surges due to hurricanes at several areas in the city.
In order to gain a better understanding of the location and the way it works in Campeche a
location, stakeholder and political analysis have been performed. Boundary conditions, program
requirements and preferences have been formulated based on this analysis. By examining
hurricanes over the last decades, a hurricane has been simulated with an occurrence of once in
the
fifty years. In the situation characterisation the city has been divided into several catchment
areas to determine their vulnerability (expressed in total amount of water accumulation), taking
into account the capacity of the current drainage system in the event of such a hurricane.
Four solutions have been chosen to elaborate. In this elaboration, calculations have been performed on the design and construction. For the implementation of the options suitable locations
have been determined and the possibilities and risks have been defi
ned.
In order to test the elaborated solutions on socioeconomic factors in combination with ecology,
safety and politics, a multi-criteria analysis has been performed. It can be concluded that all
options differ a lot from each other. Every option tackles another side of the problem and
therefore they score on totally different aspects. In the discussion, it is further elaborated what
the supplementary advantages and disadvantages of the proposed solutions are. Using this, the
integral system of water management measures is considered.
A few
fields can be found on which could be made an improvement in the future. Firstly,
the political system requires short term measures to count on enough support. Besides, citizens
should be kept informed and have to be made aware of the flooding problem. Drainage expansion
needs to take place in order to relief the most crucial parts in the city from their excess of water
during extreme weather conditions. Lastly, when expanding the city, the amount of green space
and inundation risks of the concerning area should be always kept in mind.
The Chronocity-team strives to create an online interactive tool which gives the user the ability to view, explore and analyze massive point cloud datasets on-the-fly. Since the limited timespan in which the project should take place this would not yield a fully optimized application, but at least the general principles are defined and evaluated on for a more defined future in the development of the OPCM. A large portion of the efforts will go into making the data and analyses available to the public - in an interactive and user-friendly way; because without this availability, the underlying principles are not brought to the public also. Regarding these underlying principles the most important one is change detection. During the project a suitable algorithm is designed and evaluated for detecting new, removed and changed geometric points.
Recent developments in technology made it possible to fabricate small, efficient, and reliable sensors boards which are the base of these sensors platforms and making them efficient and reliable. Sensor boards like Arduino, Raspberry Pi, and LoPy are some examples of these small sensor boards. In this project, the LoPy is used which is a sensor board that is equipped with Bluetooth Low Energy, Wifi and a LoRa radio. This last one is a communication technology that makes longer communication distances possible.
The sensor network measures four different environmental indicators that will be distributed to the public: temperature, humidity, noise and air quality. The network then communicates via LoRa this data to one centralized server where the data is stored, processed and sent back to the citizens. This data is made publicly accessible to academia, citizens and the stakeholders alike. The network is also made interactive, people who pass by can interact with the sensors and request specific environmental data in real time.
The sensor network has been build and deployed in the city. During the uptime of the network it succeeded to provide the data to the citizens via the feedback mechanisms: a website with a dashboard and an automated twitter account. Local differences have been measured with temperature and humidity sensors. With regard to the noise sensor and air quality sensors no definitive conclusions could be drawn.
communication is researched. To achieve such a dynamic system, a self-developed sensor platform was constructed, based on the microcontroller LoPy. Sensors attached to it include a hygrometer, thermometer and microphone.
The emphasis of the research was on localisation of the sensors, to put the gathered sensor data into geographical context. A WiFi fingerprinting radiomap was constructed based on available MAC-addresses, their signal strengths, and GPS coordinates. The GPS module was only used for composing the radiomap. When the radiomap is completed, the module can be switched off, only to be switched on for periodical updates of the radiomap. The quality of the radiomap methodology was evaluated by constructing it of measurements gathered in four days, and testing it for the remaining three days. This test gave a correctness of 50% while another 38% of measurements were localised in a neighbouring cell. The correctness can be improved by having a longer training period.
The quality of the collected sensor data turned out to be dependent on the weather conditions and the placement location on the carrier vehicle. Vehicle requirements were specified as driving through the city centre and having a schedule and route producing as little noise, heat and air pollution as possible. Another topic of research was LoRa communication, which was deemed as very limited for dynamic implementations, as the sending of location-related data takes up a large part of the already limited message size. To decrypt the sent message and store it in a meaningful database, Node-RED was used. Despite visualisation of measurements showed promising results, there is margin for improvement as far as data capturing is concerned.","geomatics synthesis project; Internet of Things (IoT); sensor city delft; sensoring the city; sensor network; WiFi; LoRa; LoPy; PyCom; Air quality sensing; Noise sensing; Temperature sensing","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:dc8d2de3-edda-4a64-af5a-cdcdec318854","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dc8d2de3-edda-4a64-af5a-cdcdec318854","Design of a commercial port in Nador West, Morocco","Mann, Mathijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van der Hoek, Alexander (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Laan, Stendert (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Shi, Jing (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Gong, Yichuan (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Roubos, Jochem (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Design of a port in Morocco, as part of the design workshop 2017 in Caen, France.
This report includes a design from the new Nador West Med Port near Nador, Morocco. Given requirements are an entrance to the northeast and minimal dredging works to be conducted. A layout of the harbour is made for wave directions during storm from the northeast and northwest. A maximum downtime of the harbour of less than 1% of the year is allowed. The harbour will accommodate smaller vessels, such as ro-ro, general cargo, and container feeders up to larger vessels for bulk transport, crude oil and product tankers, and container mother ships. Structural designs are made for two cross-sections of breakwaters, a rubble mound and a vertical caisson, a mooring structure for tankers with mooring and breasting dolphins, and a typical cross-section of a quay wall.
studenten. Studenten hebben vaak stress, waardoor hun productiviteit negatief beïnvloed kan worden. Daarnaast zijn er ook verbeteringen denkbaar in reductie van aanwezige fijnstof en CO2 reductie en een betere ambiance en akoestiek in en rondom een schoolgebouw. Door verschillende onderzoeken te vergelijken wordt een antwoordt gezocht op wat ‘groen en natuur’ kan verbeteren voor het welzijn van studenten. Vervolgens is gekeken hoe deze planten eigenschappen in verschillende omgevingen toegepast kunnen worden. Uit literatuuronderzoek blijkt dat er verschillende toepassingen mogelijk zijn om de toegevoegde waarde van planten in te zetten om de studieomgeving, welzijn en productiviteit van studenten te verbeteren.","welzijn; studenten; planten; fysiologisch; psychisch; schoolomgeving; BK2AC1","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences","",""
"uuid:67bf409d-78c1-4852-a17f-f17e9904356a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:67bf409d-78c1-4852-a17f-f17e9904356a","A conceptual model describing Microbially Influenced Corrosion of sheet piles","Vermeijden, Loys (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Engineering)","Heimovaara, Timo (mentor); Jonkers, H.M. (mentor); Gebert, Julia (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Additional master thesis","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:b9320dbb-2ca7-46bc-9a00-6ce336867c89","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b9320dbb-2ca7-46bc-9a00-6ce336867c89","Energy Hub in the North Sea","Monclus Abadal, Albert (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Dornhelm, Esther (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Mohamed Khaled Aly Mohamed Elakel, Mohamed (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Feys, Charles (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); Naderi, Nader (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","van Berchum, E.C. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","The climate goals for 2020, that multiple countries in the world signed, are coming closer. Like many other countries, the Netherlands has difficulties reaching their climate goal. A solution came from the Paris agreement in 2015, which sets new goals for 2030, and eventually for the long term in 2050. This time the Netherlands is eager to reach their goal and amongst many other initiatives, a proposition came from TenneT, the country’s national energy operator, to construct an island in the North Sea, functioning as a central “wind connector hub” to connect multiple offshore wind farms and distributing the energy more efficiently over the neighbouring countries. The goal of the project is to propose and analyse a preliminary design for the construction of that artificial island in the North Sea, capable of acting as a central energy hub. An analysis for optimum location for the island was performed based on maximum wind generation, shallow water depths, centrality to the North Sea countries, and environmental restrictions. Of various types of island considered, the reclamation type was chosen for preliminary design because it is the most cost effective for the location’s water depths and the most commonly constructed island type. Following the scope definition, correspondence with TenneT and consultancy with subject experts at TU Delft was made to refine preliminary design outcomes. The preliminary design covers the analysis of available environmental and geotechnical data, safety approach, island shape, zones, elevations, analysis of alternative sea defence structures, building with nature measures, port and terminal design, and preliminary construction plan. The conclusions of this investigation cover practical issues, project risks and uncertainties, and opportunities to reduce costs are discussed.","Artificial island; Building with Nature; Doggersbank; Sea defence; Sea level rise; Wave analysis; Wind farm","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Coastal and Marine Engineering and Management (CoMEM)","",""
"uuid:6876c2af-052b-4661-9653-5db4bab03299","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6876c2af-052b-4661-9653-5db4bab03299","Physical Scaling of Tocardo’s Eastern Scheldt Turbines: Additional Graduation Work","van de Zande, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Uijttewaal, Wim (mentor); Labeur, Robert Jan (mentor); Verbeek, Merel (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Additional thesis - The largest structure of the Dutch Delta Works, that protect the Netherlands against high water levels at sea, is the Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier. The Eastern Scheldt barrier is constructed as an
open structure that can separate the Eastern Scheldt estuary from the North Sea. In case that water
levels of +3.00 m NAP are expected, the steel gates of the barrier close and the hinterland is protected
against floods. Besides the protective function of the barrier, the location also shows potential for tidal
energy extraction.","Tidal energy; Eastern Scheldt storm surge barrier; scale model","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","","51.6079694, 3.683066"
"uuid:5a195642-6aa2-4013-9ed7-9202e04d8c29","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5a195642-6aa2-4013-9ed7-9202e04d8c29","The effect of the imperviousness on the hydrological response time of sewer districts in Rotterdam: Study based on new monitoring system by municipality of Rotterdam","Mulder, M.G.J.","ten Veldhuis, J.A.E. (mentor); Coenders, A.M.J. (mentor)","2017","Additional thesis - Due to an expected increase in rainfall intensity in the future because of climate change for the area of Rotterdam, the amount of storm water runoff will increase as well, resulting in higher stress on the sewer system. But until now we don’t fully understand the behavior of a sewer system. This additional thesis should help in a better understanding of the system, as it investigates the hydrological response time of the urban drainage system of Rotterdam and focuses on the effect of imperviousness. This research is based on data which are collected during the first seven months of operation of the monitoring system at 21 combined sewer overflow (CSO) weirs which was implemented in June 2016. As the hydrological response time gives information about the behavior of a sewage system, it’s an important parameter to investigate and the question is how it’s being influenced by parameters such as the imperviousness and to what extent the behavior of the sewer districts in Rotterdam is different from what we would expect from theory. From the results, we see that there is no single hydrological response time for both Time-to-Peak and Peak-to-Peak responses. The response times are highly variable with large standard deviations. There seems to be no clear linear relationship with the imperviousness or the connected surface area for the sewer system of Rotterdam. Furthermore, no significant relationship was found for several rainfall characteristics like intensity, rain event duration and cumulative rain volumes in the previous period with the hydrological response time. Finally, it was shown that the large variability in response times is mainly associated with assumptions on starting time of a rain event, which can produce large Time-to-Peak responses. However, Peak-to-Peak responses found in the research are also significantly larger than the responses found in theory. All in all, the results have shown that the response times are larger than we expected from theory and that variability cannot be explained by variability in rainfall characteristics nor by relations with catchment size or imperviousness for the urban drainage system of Rotterdam. For future research, it is recommended to have a further look into the system responses by doing a signal analysis for individual events in order to understand the high variability in responses. Furthermore, the rain radar, which will be implemented in Rotterdam in the summer of 2017, might help in a better understanding of the influence of local rainfall variability on the response time.","Hydrological Response Time; Urban Drainage System; Time-to-Peak; Peak-to-Peak; Imperviousness","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:516fca6a-687e-47c6-a364-034f5781d52c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:516fca6a-687e-47c6-a364-034f5781d52c","Literature review on the biological and logistical aspects of the transport of perishable roses: Literature Assignment","de Kok, Frans (TU Delft Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering)","Lin, Xiao (mentor); Negenborn, Rudy (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:4a199d12-ed32-42a8-9b35-6cdca2ccc058","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4a199d12-ed32-42a8-9b35-6cdca2ccc058","Literature review on the biological and logistical aspects of the transport of perishable roses","de Kok, F.","Negenborn, R.R. (mentor); Lin, X. (mentor)","2017","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering","Marine and Transport Technology","","Transport Engineering and Logistics (TEL)","",""
"uuid:7e99b38e-b324-4e23-b1e5-0df0da2c8f6e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e99b38e-b324-4e23-b1e5-0df0da2c8f6e","Setting up a numerical flume using a hybrid particle-mesh method","Toe, C.Y.","Labeur, R.J. (mentor)","2017","A literature survey which concerns a variety of wave generation and absorption methods was accomplished. The survey deals with the methods used for the experiment wave tank and numerical wave tank. Their implementations are also described very briefly. The numerical wave tank (NWT) was set up using the hybrid particle-mesh method with the emphasis on the wave generation of solitary wave and linear progressive wave, and passive absorption at the far side of the wave tank. The Discontinuous Galerkin method was applied to solve the Navier-Stokes equations on the background mesh while the particles are used for solving the non-linear advection term. The waves are generated by using a piston-type wavemaker with the use of first-order linear wavemaker theory. For the absorption of reflected waves at the termination end, the sponge layer approach was implemented making use of viscous damping or internal friction among water particles. The hyperbolic tangent function is found to be applicable for smoothly increasing viscosity in the damping zone, which is also be able to prevent the formation of rigid body at the transition point. The drawbacks of the passive absorption technique are not only the extra cost of computational power and domain size, but also the rising slope of average water surface elevation induced by the accumulation of water particles near the end of the wave tank. The solitary waves of small amplitude could be simulated with reliable accuracy and also did the linear progressive waves in the intermediate water. The short waves and the long waves need to paid more attention for the wave generation boundary condition. Regarding the passive absorption for both of solitary waves and progressive waves, the same hyperbolic tangent function was used for viscosity functions which increases spatially. The solitary wave can be damped out using this function while the latter one cannot be damped, leading to the instability of the computation induced by the loss of the particles in the mesh system.","hybrid particle-mesh; numerical wave tank; wave absorption; sponge layer approach","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:14af7c9f-b1c0-4af5-9a91-20b261493b15","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14af7c9f-b1c0-4af5-9a91-20b261493b15","Using a transfer matrix based on 10 CMIP5 models for ENSO prediction","Jongedijk, C.E.","Katsman, C. (mentor); Sévellec, F. (mentor); de Vries, S. (mentor); Drijfhout, S. (mentor)","2017","Additional Thesis work performed as part of the master Hydraulic Engineering at Delft University of Technology in collaboration with University of Southampton, Ocean and Earth Sciences, Physical Oceanography - In this research the outcome of several realisations of 10 different models from the CMIP5 program is used to predict the El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO).With her extreme phases ’El Niño’ and ’La Niña’, ENSO is probably the most infamous oceanographic and climate phenomenon in the physical climate system with a great influence on the world’s climate and weather systems. Despite the fame amongst public and the high importance in research programmes throughout the last decades, the potential causes, cyclicity patterns and the possible forcing of ENSO are still not fully understood. Even with state of the art models its predictability (up to 12 months ahead) remains quite low compared to the time scale of the phenomenon (2-5 years). In this study a statistical model is developed to predict ENSO with a transfer operator framework based on model output from 10 models. This method is based on a recent study by Sévellec [19] and transforms a deterministic single time series evolution of sea surface temperature in the Tropical Pacific, extracted from existing coupled atmosphere-ocean model data, into a probabilistic method to determine the evolution of an observational initial condition in time. The main goal of this research is to explore and define by means of hindcasting (predicting the past) the predictive skills and reliability of this statistical method. The results show that the reliability is similar to previous studies. Where the most computational extensive coupled ocean-atmosphere models show a good prediction skill up to 9 months, with this quick model a similar skill is sustained up to a prediction window of 5 months. Since this is the first time this method applied on ENSO, recommendations are done for further development of the model as well as for the application on ENSO. Suggestions for potential other systems this model could be applied to are made.","physical oceanography; numerical modeling; climate variability; ENSO","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Environmental Fluid Mechanics","",""
"uuid:8fad63f2-1994-4877-9627-4446eae21913","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8fad63f2-1994-4877-9627-4446eae21913","Long Term Process-Based Morphological Modelling of Pocket Beaches","Van Bemmelen, C.W.T.","Aarninkhof, S.G.J. (mentor); De Schipper, M. (mentor); Jansen, M. (mentor); Bodde, W. (mentor)","2017","The applicability of the open source model XBeach was tested for pocket beaches in this paper. First, schematized model setups have been used to assess the performance of XBeach qualitatively. It was found that adjustments of the initial bed were required to obtain the expected hydrodynamic conditions. The default sediment advection calibration factors had to be increased to obtain the expected morphological response of the pockets (stationair: 0.15, surfbeat: 0.30). The results have shown that the surfbeat mode outperforms the stationary mode based on a qualitative assessment. It was furthermore found that wave-current interaction produced unreliable results and should be avoided when modelling pocket beaches using XBeach. Non-hydrostatic simulations produced significantly more sedimentation behind the headlands due to the inclusion of diffraction. This mode was found to produce unexpected erosion at the upper shoreface however, indicating the inapplicability of the sediment transport formulas in non-hydrostatic simulations. Expansion of the classic pocket beach into two adjacent pocket beaches showed that these systems have to be treated as a complete system if interactions between these pockets are expected (separated by a salient). It was found that an individual assessment is adequate if a tombolo separates the pockets. Second, the morphological developments between the year 2000 and 2015 at Tanjong Beach (Singapore) were modelled using XBeach. For the modelled bed level changes, which were compared to bathymetric measurements, a ‘Good’ Mean-Squared Error Skill Score of 0.31 was found. In the prepared model, the obtained sediment advection calibration factors from the first part were used and model calibration was not performed. Based on the schematizations and the case study performed in this study, XBeach was found to be applicable for long term process-based modelling of pocket beaches.","Pocket Beaches; Embayed Beaches; Nearshore Currents; Morphology; XBeach","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:015d3f6d-32b8-4cbb-9ba4-7dfd6ec94fde","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:015d3f6d-32b8-4cbb-9ba4-7dfd6ec94fde","An experiment on low-cost RTK GNSS with short baseline performance","Pang, Menglin (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Geoscience and Remote Sensing)","de Bakker, Peter (mentor); Tiberius, Christiaan (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","This report first elaborates on an experiment to evaluate the performance of single frequency base station performance along with baseline. The system is deployed on a single frequency base station, and low-cost antenna in both and base and rover setup. The experiment is based on taking measurements on six control points, which are selected by varying simple topographic information and baseline length difference, by connecting to the single frequency base station. To have better evaluation of the performance of six control points, three sets of data, fix, float and all the measurements are divided and a simplified outlier detection model is employed to process the position estimates per control point. Finally, combine the results extracted from each control points to see the baseline length influence.
The experiment is conducted on basis that the precise position of base station is known. While users may construct their base station with unknown location. The document also includes several methods on how to determine an unknown base station position by using NETPOS product, and compare advantages and disadvantages internally, by which user can choose the method accordingly. In the last part of the document, a detail instruction on implementation of low-cost base station and rover setup in the previous experiment, including the needed hardware setup and software configurations, is provided for the potential users.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Additional thesis",""
"uuid:a17c6ee4-dcab-4463-893f-a367470c6bcb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a17c6ee4-dcab-4463-893f-a367470c6bcb","Analysis of Effective Factors on Driving Behavior in Control Transitions","Lee, Sang Ho","Varotto, S.F. (mentor); Farah, H. (mentor); Van Arem, B. (mentor)","2017","Additional Graduation Work","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Transport & Planning","","","",""
"uuid:de26036a-da32-4754-8e9f-6ac1208b3e24","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de26036a-da32-4754-8e9f-6ac1208b3e24","The influence of upstream discharge and hydraulic roughness on high water occurrence in Ems","Chen, X.","Wang, Z.B. (mentor); Winterwerp, J.C. (mentor)","2017","Additional thesis - Historical engineering works such as weirs, land reclamation and large scale deepening modified not only the local morphology and hydrodynamics but also tidal characteristics and sediment transport patterns in the tidal river Ems. The loss of intertidal area and ongoing deepening contribute to the flood dominance while decreasing the river’s flushing capacity and enhance tidal amplification. The increased tidal asymmetry continuously pumping and accumulating fine sediment upstream into the Ems River system. This river is renowned for its high suspended fine sediment concentration and such high concentration work together with an increasing water depth for a reduction of the river hydraulic roughness. In order to investigate the key factor that contributes to the time lag of high water occurrence along the river, a depth-averaged 2DH hydrodynamic Delft3D model is applied. The results of the numerical studies indicate both the increasing of upstream discharge and the reduction of hydraulic roughness contribute to a smaller time lag of high water between Papenburg and Emden. However, if the tidal weir at Herbrum is removed or the Manning coefficient for the bottom roughness is increased, the discharge almost has no impact on the time lag of high water occurrence at Emden and Papenburg.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:e21cd95a-0f2d-4fa7-95bf-e7c8a5850c04","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e21cd95a-0f2d-4fa7-95bf-e7c8a5850c04","Hybrid solution for the response of a rod with varying foundation stiffness subjected to a uniformly moving constant load","Faragau, A.B.","van Dalen, K.N. (mentor)","2017","Additional Thesis","Moving load dynamics; transition radiation; non-reflective boundaries; initial state","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering","","Structural Mechanics","",""
"uuid:f94e7e98-982a-453f-8173-9bb46b5acd47","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f94e7e98-982a-453f-8173-9bb46b5acd47","Growing the Dutch mountains: From an economic concentration, towards a strong & diverse economic region","Arlianda, R.; Nimax, V.; Oosterom, M.; Wang, W.","Sepulveda Camona, D. (mentor); Calabrese, L.M. (mentor); de Carvalho Filho, L.M. (mentor)","2017","Performing extremely well on the Randstad scale, the polycentric model is lacking functional links and complementarity on the AMA scale. In the following pages, we will explain the conclusions that we have drawn from our detailed analysis, reveal the aspects of the AMA that we identified as key issues and explain our method to tackle these particular challenges. Vision: A well performing functionally polycentric model; revealing the qualities and potentials of the midsized city, giving identity and creating a complementary system In this whole process, the theoretical framework played a decisive role. In our opinion, the most relevant theories for our project are: the midsized city, the polycentric model, sustainability and circular economy. After studying existing theories, we defined our proper understanding of each of the topics and how the urbanist is involved in it. Furthermore, a large volume of relevantdata has been collected and used in the different evaluation systems (calculation of qualities, calculation of potentials) in order to make sure that our project is based on real, precise and reliable data. All these aspects supported the process and ensured a clear and strong storyline that is transparent and is based on real data and important theories.","midsized; complementary; functionally polycentric; identity; potential","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","","",""
"uuid:3422e66e-c73e-4ec5-bf89-47c3b713a3fd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3422e66e-c73e-4ec5-bf89-47c3b713a3fd","Impact Proof Preliminary Design for the Marine Biology Station in Dichato","van den Boom, Y.; Jimmink, J.; Lamens, P.; van Rhijn, T.; Wegman, R.","Ngan-Tillard, D.J.M. (mentor); Houben, L.J.M. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor)","2017","To the North of the city of Concepción in the South-West of Chile, lies the town of Dichato. It is situated on the south-eastern side of Coliumo Bay. The Universidad de Concepción (UdeC) owns a marine concession in this bay, which includes a section of beach and sea for a Marine Biology Station (EBMD), belonging to the Faculty of Natural and Oceanographic Sciences. The objective of the EBMD is to provide research and educational support in the field of marine sciences. The EBMD concession consists of several onshore buildings with research and educational facilities, some of which are unfinished or damaged due to the Maule 2010 earthquake of magnitude Mw 8.8. Furthermore, there are remains of an old jetty for the docking of a Marine Biology vessel, which was also destroyed in 2010. Thus, UdeC is interested in redeveloping the EMBD, as there is no location for mooring of the vessel and transhipment of goods, as well as incomplete construction or use of several onshore facilities. To solve this problem, as well as to stimulate local authority interest in funding of the redevelopment of the EMBD, a design proposal is made. First the required functions, with as primary function mooring, and the in-situ conditions are investigated, leading to a Program of Requirements. Five design alternatives are established and weighed in a Multi- Criteria and Cost-Benefit Analysis, which leads to the conclusion that the Traditional option is most suitable, due to vast Chilean experience with the type of design and limited costs. From the Program of Requirements it is decided to focus on the offshore aspects of the design solution, in this case the jetty and the breakwater. The design of the jetty is carried out according to the Chilean design codes, and using the structural analysis and design program ETABS, which can incorporate seismic loading. The final design of the jetty includes a concrete deck on a steel frame, with steel piles embedded in the rock in a Marco Duplas (inclined) configuration to resist lateral loading. All elements are tested for structural soundness. The breakwater, on the other hand, is designed through a combination of wave modelling using statistical methods and DELFT3D; and a crest height and stone dimension analysis using BREAKWAT3.0. The upgrade of an existing unfinished building and the pavement are treated in lesser detail. For all elements of the EBMD upgrade, resilience is taken into account as a primary factor in extreme impact design, focussing on allowing structures to have a quick recover capacity, since it is not feasible to design coastal structures to resist impacts like large-scale earthquakes and tsunamis. The damage to the designed elements in the case of a repeat of the Maule 2010 earthquake and tsunami is analysed in an Extreme Impact Evaluation. A range of hazards, including several modes of structural failure of the jetty and breakwater, as well as relevant geohazards for the site, are classified according to level of risk. Mitigation measures are suggested as well. Finally, following a more detailed cost breakdown and a construction timeline, it is concluded that the proposed design solution is feasible within a construction time of 35 weeks and estimated costs of 450 mil CLP. The construction of the jetty and breakwater allows the EBMD to carry out its scientific and academic research safely and more efficiently, whilst also limiting damage and incorporating resilience in the event of large-scale earthquakes and tsunamis.","Chile; Concepcion; earthquake; tsunami; jetty; breakwater; ETABS; DELFT3D","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering / Structural Engineering","","Geo-Engineering","","-36.540455,-72.93272"
"uuid:379aa37d-0e79-4c3e-bbe1-f2d7446abb5b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:379aa37d-0e79-4c3e-bbe1-f2d7446abb5b","Cartagena, it's now or never: A study on reducing flood risk in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia","Brakel, L.; Keyzer, L.; Hasper, Y.; Legêne, M.; Willemse, J.; van der Stap, E.","Hofland, B. (mentor)","2017","This report is the result of a study which aims to understand both the source and severity of flood risk in Cartagena de Indias, Bolívar, Colombia. Solutions to the problem are proposed accordingly. The flood risk is found to be severe and urgent enough to demand action. Currently annual damage and negative impact of inundations are severe enough to justify intervention. The problem is considered urgent due to the threat of an extreme event such as a hurricane or La Niña rainfall in combination with a predicted growth in future flood risk due to sea level rise and heavy rainfalls due to climate change, subsidence and increased urbanization. The current proposed solutions do not offer protection against all the causes of the floods and are not effective in the face of climate change. Therefore, a new flood protection plan must be proposed. An integral solution is proposed for Cartagena at the conceptual level. The solution protects the city from both coastal and pluvial floods in an integral, elegant and efficient manner. The solution provides many opportunities to improve the general well-being of the city.","Flood risk; Cartagena; Colombia; coastal floods; pluvial floods; integral solution","en","student report","","","","","","","","2018-04-11","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","CIE4061-09","Multidisciplinary project - MSc Civil Engineering","10.390868, -75.490599"
"uuid:93a6254b-0f06-4e3e-b635-2e472ea16337","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:93a6254b-0f06-4e3e-b635-2e472ea16337","Growing carbon-scapes in growing AMA: From emissions to circularity","Georgali, E.; Cardoso Pera Eboli, C.; Song, J.; Liu, X.","Qu, L. (mentor); Khosravi Al-Hosseini, H. (mentor); Dabrowski, M.M. (mentor); Rocco de Campos Pereira, R.C. (mentor)","2017","In 2016, 54.5% of the world population was living in urban areas, whereas cities occupied only 2% of the total land. (United Nations: Department of Economic and Social Affairs, 2015). Climate change, inequality, peace and security issues are just some of the factors affecting urban areas and at the same time posing new challenges for urban planners. However, one approach that rises in popularity in order to provide cities with solution on the basis of these complex issues is the idea of establishing a circular economy in the built environment. In this framework and having as a starting point the high ecological footprint of the Netherlands, the present report attempts to propose an alternative spatial strategy for one of the most competitive metropolitan regions, Amsterdam Metropolitan Region, for 2040. In other words, our approach focuses on how we can realize a regional strategy that aims at lowering the ecological footprint by proposing a concept that has in its core the idea of “carbon-scapes”. Namely, we propose a set of policies, projects and actions that can shape a hybrid sustainable landscape where reduction and reuse of CO2 are our main principles for circularity and urban development. One of the key elements to support this vision for the region is the construction of a regional CO2 pipeline network that connects CO2 consumer with CO2 producer. Nevertheless, the project addresses a versatility of urban challenges, such as the symbiosis of cultural, natural and urban landscape, the reuse of vacancy, the regeneration of public spaces, the productivity and efficiency of land, as well as the importance of landmarks (museums) as a catalyst for urban growth. Considering that the ecological footprint is expected to reach higher levels, if we do not find a way to establish a new agenda of spatial design and policies that would include circularity, this research addresses a widely known waste material (CO2) as an asset to implement it. In general, it can be seen as an additional layer and an example for combining ecological footprint issues and circularity so as to achieve a more sustainable future also in other regions, beyond the AMA.","co2 emissions; circular economy; Amsterdam metropolutan area; carbonscapes; ecological footprint; urban growth; co2 pipeline","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","","",""
"uuid:6e6b174b-aa1c-43dc-9919-bc5e574ae0e8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6e6b174b-aa1c-43dc-9919-bc5e574ae0e8","Salt intrusion in the Pungue estuary, Mozambique: A case study on modelling the salinity distribution in the Pungue estuary","Abas, I.; Hagedooren, H.","Savenije, H.H.G. (mentor); Heijman, S.G.J. (mentor); Luxemburg, W.M.J. (mentor)","2017","Additional thesis - The Pungue river originates in Zimbabwe and drains into the Indian Ocean creating a large alluvial estuary. The river discharge generated in the Eastern Highlands of Zimbabwe is an important source of fresh water for water consumers in Mozambique. In Mozambique the fresh water is used for drinking water production for the city of Beira and for irrigation and process purposes of the sugarcane estate of Mafambisse. The Mafambisse sugarcane estate strongly depends on the fresh water supply of the Pungue river. In the dry season when a low discharge is combined with a high tidal range salt intrusion can lead to high salinity values at the water intake of the estate. If the salinity exceeds the threshold of 0.16 kg/m3 the water cannot be taken in, without seriously affecting the yield or the operation of the sugarcane factory. The objective of this research is to obtain a thorough insight in the characteristics of the salt intrusion in the Pungue estuary in order to give preliminary solutions to the sugarcane estate. To get insight in the characteristics of salt intrusion data is collected during November and December of 2016. In order to describe the parameters in the steady and unsteady state salt intrusion models the estuary geometry is determined, the river discharge has been measured and salinity measurements have been conducted. The steady state salt intrusion model is calibrated on salinity measurements carried out with the moving-boat method. The salinity measurements show a sudden increase in salinity values around 60 kilometres from the estuary mouth. From the calibration it becomes clear that the steady state model is not able to represent these irregularities in the salinity distribution. This research shows that it is likely that an additional source of salt is causing the increase in salinity values and that the unsteady state salt intrusion is able to represent this. To see the effect of extreme situations of the tide and river discharge on the salinity distribution in the Pungue estuary four scenarios have been developed and compared with a reference scenario. The following scenarios are chosen: expansion of FIPAG (drinking water company), an increased extraction rate of Mafambisse, a drought and a bend cutoff. From the scenarios it can be concluded that with exception of the expansion of FIPAG all scenarios exceed the salinity threshold at the intake causing serious water shortages. The most extreme situation is reached in case of a drought. The salinity value modelled at the intake becomes 2.63 kg/m3 and the salt intrudes up to 84.5 km. In this situation no extractions are possible and Mafambisse will suffer from severe water shortages. To provide the sugarcane estate with preliminary solutions in preventing salinity incidents at the intake this research elaborates on three concrete recommendations. A straightforward solution to reduce salt incidents at the intake would be the relocation of the pumping station. This research suggests relocating the pumping station to 90 km or further from the estuary mouth. Another solution offered would be an alternated pumping scheme. This research shows that alternated pumping can be beneficial under certain conditions; a high salt intrusion length combined with a relatively high extraction rate. Under these conditions an alternated pumping scheme can lead to a larger extraction volume compared to the situation where the pumps are in constant operation and suddenly needs to be turned off. This is the case because the advective transport of salt by the river is much faster than the process of effective dispersion. The last recommendation is to monitor the additional salt sources, which causes irregularities in salinity distribution. Once these sources are located it is possible to control the flushing of saline water into the river by making use of small structures (e.g. sluices).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:2b3e4713-491a-4044-b738-3846dedda026","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2b3e4713-491a-4044-b738-3846dedda026","Coastal protection of the Bạc Liêu province by rehabilitation of the mangrove forest","Enschedé, M.; Van Looij, Z.; Van der Meer, R.; Van Oorschot, H.; Oudshoorn, R.; Stevens, T.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Van Nederveen, S. (mentor); De Vries, P. (mentor)","2017","In the southern part of Vietnam, where the lower Mekong Delta is located, coastal erosion problems occur. In the Bạc Liêu province, one of the twelve provinces in the Mekong Delta, the width of the mangrove belt between the sea dyke and the sea is reduced by 100 m in the last four years. By rehabilitation of the mangrove forest, the hinterland can be protected against flooding. Mangrove rehabilitation is the action of improving the health of the forest to a previous condition. The primary goal of this project is to design a coastal protection system, including mangrove rehabilitation, to provide the Bạc Liêu province with a sufficient safety level against flooding till at least the year 2050. For this project a Systems Engineering (SE) approach is used. Currently, the coastal area of the Bạc Liêu Province consists of a sea dyke and an integrated-shrimp system, which means that there are mangrove plants inside and in front of the shrimp ponds. The current characteristics of the mangrove ecosystem is described by a four spheres approach, the hydrosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and the atmosphere. Several laws have been adopted on the management of mangrove forest. The obligation to assure a 500 m width of mangrove belt in front of the sea dyke and the rule of 60% mangrove coverage in the shrimp ponds are the most important requirements for this project. In the ideal situation, the coast is protected by a healthy mangrove ecosystem which has a variety of flora and fauna (Stieglitz, Ridd, & Müller, 2000). Older trees have more salinity resistance and can handle wave disturbances better. Therefore, a zonation is highly recommended for the ideal situation to create good living conditions for every species. Mangrove ecosystems need sediment to sustain the elevation of the trees in the tidal range and to counteract erosion. In Bạc Liêu a mangrove belt width of at least 500 m is required for flood protection. At the moment, the ideal situation and current situation deviate. A wider mangrove forest creates better conditions for a zonation with a better distribution of different mangrove species. Sea level rise causes a backward movement of species within the mangrove forest. This backward movement is hindered by the integrated shrimp ponds and the existing sea dyke. If the mangrove forest cannot expand backwards, it is likely that mangrove trees will drown and erode at the seaside, whereby the width of the mangrove forest will decrease further. When erosion occurs, the erosion pattern will likely create a concave-up mud flat profile which leads to stronger wave attack enhancing even more erosion. The government has great power to prevent this, since they influence the land use by means of policies. After the stakeholder analysis, two dilemmas were identified. First, at locations where the width of the mangrove belt is less than 500 metre it might be more convenient to restrict the land use and make space to plant mangrove at the landside instead of taking expensive measures to improve the conditions for mangrove plants to grow at the seaside. Second, the 60% mangrove coverage rule for the shrimp farms does not guaranty 500 m of mangrove belt everywhere. The system requirement specification, which is an overview of all the requirements for this coastal protection system, is partly based on the customer requirements, and partly on a function analysis based on the Function Analysis System Technique (FAST) method. However, the specification process is an iterative process, which is developed further during the research of different alternatives and the final design. After the FAST method, different alternatives like groynes, soft measures and breakwaters are investigated. There are two scenarios’ possible to guarantee a 500 metre mangrove belt for the flood protection system. The first scenario (scenario 1) is focussed on optimised land use behind the mangrove belt. By rearranging the shrimp ponds, a significantly smaller area of mangrove forest has to be rehabilitated in the seaward side. In the second scenario (scenario 2), the shrimp ponds will not be adjusted and mangrove rehabilitation fully takes place in front of the ponds, which results in a large area that needs to be elevated and protected for mangrove planting. A multi criteria analysis (MCA) is executed to evaluate which alternative is considered to be most suitable for this project location. The top results from the MCA are permeable fences, Geohooks, floating breakwaters, permeable groynes and longshore sandbars (cheniers). The final design for scenario 1 is chosen to be permeable bamboo T-fences. Calculations on the strength of the structure are made together with a mangrove-zonation, a cost estimation, a risk analysis and an implementation plan. For the second scenario, the choice is made to combine the permeable fences with a chenier, which provides a higher safety level and a faster accretion for the larger area that has to be elevated in the second scenario. Again, the structure is tested for the wave loads and risks are analysed, an implementation plan and cost estimation are made. These analyses are done for comparison with scenario 1. Thereafter, the uncertainties, limitations of calculations and assumptions are discussed and recommendations on further research are given. The biggest limitation during this project was the limited available data, most values are based on data from other locations. Lastly, the conclusion about the best way to protect the hinterland of Bạc Liêu against flooding is given.","Mangrove(s); rehabilitation; Vietnam; Coastal protection; Shrimp farms; Building with nature; coastal erosion","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","Multidisciplinair project","9.192422, 105.716350"
"uuid:2c3d3319-b498-477f-b953-32d9410f7b75","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2c3d3319-b498-477f-b953-32d9410f7b75","Ionospheric monitoring using GNSS data from LEO satellites for space weather applications: (additional thesis)","Van Tiggelen, M.","Verhagen, A.A. (mentor); Siebesma, A.P. (mentor)","2017","In this report, a least-squares approach is described for retrieving the 3D structure of the electron concentration in the Earth’s upper ionosphere and plasmasphere, using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data-sets from Low-Earth-Orbiting (LEO) satellites. Due to the lack of horizontal radio wave geometries, the method uses assumptions on the vertical electron concentration for the retrieval of the 3D electron concentration. The first results show that this method is capable of finding small patterns of electron concentration in the horizontal direction that are not resolved in the widely used IRI model. Furthermore, the consistency of this method was proved by using several independent data sources. Finally some challenges are presented and some suggestions are made for improved retrieval of global 3D electron concentrations in future research, which can be then be used to increase the quality of space weather assimilation and GNSS ionospheric delay corrections.","earth; Ionosphere; plasmasphere; 3D; IRI; mapping; imaging; tomography; GNSS; GPS; LEO; satellites; space; weather; electrons; retrieval; navigation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","","","",""
"uuid:445c06fe-586b-4a48-98e2-524e90e45a24","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:445c06fe-586b-4a48-98e2-524e90e45a24","Velocity measurements in and around a permeable breakwater","Diplarakos, N.","Memos, C. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor)","2017","Laboratory measurements in the long wave flume of the Waterlab of TU Delft to capture and obtain simultaneous laboratory measurements of the main hydrodynamic parameters generated by the response of small model scale submerged permeable rubble mound trapezoidal breakwaters (SPBs) under wave action, focusing on the turbulent wave flow characteristics in their interior, in order to investigate their eco-hydraulic properties (i.e. artificial habitat function efficiency in conjunction to shoreline protection level under the attack of wind waves). Measurements were performed using laser-doppler equipment and acoustic-doppler velocimeters, both inside and outside the breakwater. Regular and irregular waves were applied.","Orbital movement; Breakwater; Ecological Quality; Permeability; Rubble mound; Flow velocity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:da5a7677-4c2e-494d-befc-6d47814a9a39","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da5a7677-4c2e-494d-befc-6d47814a9a39","Adapting urban areas in developing countries: Additional criteria for the Adaptation Support Tool","Hollander, J.S.","Van de Ven, F.H.M. (mentor); Langeveld, J.G. (mentor); Brolsma, J. (mentor)","2017","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:a2c949c1-e70a-4ff8-a2ed-55f4c86bb612","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a2c949c1-e70a-4ff8-a2ed-55f4c86bb612","Coastal erosion management in Cha-am & Hua Hin, Thailand: Evaluation of the current situation & recommendations for the future","van den Broek, H.; Lu, L.C.; Boot, D.; van Lieshout, S.; Koetsier, O.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, M.G.C. (mentor); van Nederveen, G.A. (mentor)","2017","Multidisciplinary project report - This report is a documentation of the analyses and conclusions on the erosion problem along a coastal stretch in the ChaWam and Hua Hin area.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering / Hydraulic Engineering","","Sustainable Shores","MP200","13.649779, 100.493316"
"uuid:979f8139-54e5-467b-b8a7-d6615efd653a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:979f8139-54e5-467b-b8a7-d6615efd653a","Assessing the influence of measured variabilities in the intertidal zone on predicted aeolian processes","Keulers, B.","de Vries, S. (mentor)","2017","Additional thesis - The exchange and transport of sediment between intertidal zone and backshore are subject of ongoing research in order to assess the dynamic behaviour of sandy coastal systems. How the sediment moves in the coastal system is relevant knowledge for e.g. the Dutch coastal nourishment programme. It is a scientific challenge to describe and predict the transport of sediment. There is recent progress in describing the aeolian transport. De Vries et al (2014a) gives a new model approach for describing aeolian sediment transport in supply limited situations. The state of the art AeoLiS model covers the aeolian domain only and is not capable of describing the exchange between the shore face and the intertidal zone (de Vries, personal communication 2016). The aim of this additional graduation work is to assess the effect of variability in topography and grain size distribution on aeolian processes in the intertidal zone. It is hypothesised that there is a measurable daily variability of the topography and grain size distribution along the cross shore profile and that these factors have a significant effect on aeolian transport. Detailed measurements of the intertidal zone are needed to describe the topographic change of the intertidal zone and the variability in grain size distribution. From 11 till 15 October 2016 fieldwork was done at the intertidal zone near Kijkduin. With use of a laser scanner the daily topographical changes were monitored. Sediment samples were taken along the beach profile to assess the variability in grain size distribution. The gathered laser scan data was processed and a variability in topography was measured. The sediment samples were sieved in the lab to find the mean grain size, d50 per sample. A variability in d50 was measured along the profile. The influence of the variability in topography and grain size distribution on the aeolian sediment transport on a daily scale, is assessed using the AeoLiS model. The results of the simulations show that the measured variability in topography does not has a significant influence on the predicted aeolian transport. The influence of the variability in grain size distribution is illustrated with 3 sediment samples (with increasing d50 values). The sample with the smallest d50 gave surprising low results for the predicted aeolian transport. It appeared that this sample had a significantly higher fraction of coarse sediment (small pebbles/shell fractions) compared to the other samples. This was considered an outlier. After removing the outlier from the sample, the aeolian transport increased. Now, the results show that the predicted aeolian transport decreases with increasing grain sizes. The removing of the outlier shows the potential of armouring; a small fraction of coarser material in the bed can have a significant effect on the aeolian transport.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:b1f89c77-6891-4e33-9308-6dd63969a888","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b1f89c77-6891-4e33-9308-6dd63969a888","Aerosol Optical Properties over the Northwestern European Seas","Floutsi, A.A.","Biskos, G. (mentor); Riva, R.E.M. (mentor)","2017","Atmospheric particulate matter (aerosols), originating from both natural and anthropogenic sources, is affecting the regional and global climate through direct, indirect, and semi-direct effects on the radiative energy budget of the Earth-atmosphere system. In order to quantify these effects it is necessary to determine the load of aerosol particles in the atmosphere. An effective way to do this is by measuring the aerosol optical depth (AOD). The higher the AOD values the greater the aerosol load. Along with AOD, the Fine mode Fraction (contribution of particles smaller than 1 μm to the total AOD, FF) is an effective parameter for the characterization of the aerosol, providing a rough proxy for the size of the particle present in a region at a particular time. In this study, I investigate the spatiotemporal variability of the AOD, FF, fine and coarse mode AOD over the Northwestern European Seas (that extend from 43° N to 67° N and from 10° W to 31° E), where the presence of both natural and anthropogenic particles is significant. Anthropogenic particles (both primary and secondary aerosols, mostly fine mode) originate from ship activity, or from urban-industrial and fossil fuel and biomass burning processes. The natural, coarse mode particles are primarily originated either from the oceans (sea salt particles) or from the desserts (dessert dust particles). In the present study I use mean daily aerosol data (Collection 006 Level-3) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument that is on board Aqua satellite. These data are available in 1° × 1° resolution (ca. 100 km × 100 km). The study period extends from 2002 until 2014. A significant spatial variability of the aerosol load is observed over the study region. On annual level, the highest AOD values (up to 0.32) are observed over the English Channel and the coasts of the Netherlands and Germany. The highest FF values (values up to 0.77) are observed over the same regions, indicating that a large contribution of the aerosol load is from anthropogenic particles. Offshore (at remote regions), both AOD and FF are lower compared to coastal regions, thus indicating the predominance of maritime aerosols (sea salt particles). The data also show a clear seasonal cycle, with larger aerosol load observed during spring and summer period (AOD up to 0.60), and lower during autumn and winter period (AOD up to 0.30). A similar pattern is observed only for the FF, implying a larger contribution of anthropogenic particles during spring and summer period compared to autumn and winter period. The highest FF values (up to 0.80- 0.85) are observed during summer over the Baltic Sea, while year-round the lowest values are observed in remote maritime areas, mostly in the northern part of the study region, accentuating the predominance of maritime/sea salt particles. The AOD experiences an overall decreasing trend over most of the study region (slope range between -0.18 to 0.05 per decade). Over the northwestern ocean parts of the study region positive values are observed (sea salt particles are dominating), while over most of the rest study region parts the slope is of the order of -0.02 to -0.05 per decade. These decreasing AOD trends are associated with a reduction of mostly the fine mode AOD. Therefore it can be assumed that the decrease of the aerosol load over the study region is mainly due to the reduction of the anthropogenic emissions.","AOD; AOT; Fine mode AOD; Coarse mode AOD; Fine Fraction; Aerosol optical properties; Northwestern European Seas; aerosol load","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","","Master Applied Earth Sciences","",""
"uuid:6a67e606-b66f-41b9-b4c3-a9e08e47eab8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6a67e606-b66f-41b9-b4c3-a9e08e47eab8","MODIS snow cover data for calibration and evaluation of hydrological models in contrasting environments","Jiang, K.","Hrachowitz, M. (mentor); Steele-Dunne, S. (mentor)","2017","This research studies different hydrological models in the catchments with various climates in the USA, and MODIS snow cover maps are introduced to assess and improve the models. In this research, assessment of the value of MODIS snow cover data in the hydrological modeling process is the main objective. Nine MOPEX catchments in the continental US are studied in this research and for each catchment three types of models are used: (1) a basic, lumped 3-box version of the HBV model, (2) a lumped version with snow reservoir, and (3) a semi-distributed formulation of HBV with snow reservoir. MODIS snow cover maps are used for assessing and improving the model snow component. In the models with snow reservoir, snow water storage is reduced to its binary information content: snow/no snow (i.e. 1 or 0), which is then directly linked with spatial pattern in MODIS snow cover data without the need for further assumptions, such as snow densities; the coincidence of snow water storage in the model and observed MODIS snow cover is used as additional calibration/evaluation metric to condition and test the realism of the respective models. In this research, daily meteorological and hydrological data (precipitation, evaporation, discharge, temperature) and maximum eight-day MODIS snow cover maps for the study catchments are used. In calibration, in each time step, the modelled maximum binary 8-day snow reservoir value is compared with MODIS snow cover data for the respective model or its sub-units (in the semi-distributed formulation). Model 03 is semi-distributed, by discretizing each study catchment into individual 200m elevation bands. The results show a large difference of model performance in the catchments with various climates. It is shown that MODIS snow cover data can be valuable to assess the degree to which spatial snow accumulation and ablation dynamics are represented in models, thereby increasing model realism, while not necessarily improving the calibrated performance of models.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","CIE5050-09",""
"uuid:2e5927c3-0584-4c66-a4d1-b2674558272f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2e5927c3-0584-4c66-a4d1-b2674558272f","The tidal bore in the Sittaung River: A sensitivity analyse of the propagation","de Ridder, M.P.","Wang, Z.B. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (mentor)","2017","A 2Dnumericalmodel is set-up for the tidal bore in the Sittaung River. This model is used to analyse the effect of the bottom friction, bathymetry, tidal range and river discharge on the propagation of the tidal bore. To obtain information about the tidal bore the Sittaung River is visited two times. During the second visit, depth measurements were carried out. It became clear that the tidal bore occurs only a few days after full and new moon at the village Kyaik Ka Thar. The tidal bore is also observed near Kyaik Ka Thar as an undular bore with a height of ± 0.3 m. Downstream in the estuary the tidal bore is larger and occurs 5 till 7 days after full and new moon. A numerical model is set-up for the region from Madauk till the Gulf of Marteban. The bathymetry is based on various datasets. Only a few cross-sectional profiles were available for the upper part of the model. The SRTMmap was used to determine the bottom slope of the river, whereas the cross-sections were used to determine the cross-sectional profile. From the depth measurements the initial depth for the bottom slope was obtained. The Navioncs webapp is used for the lower part of the domain (Gulf of Martaban). Both parts of the bathymetry were connected by using linear interpolation. From the Landat pictures the locations of the intertidal areas were obtained. As an upstream boundary a river discharge is set. A tidal signal is used as the downstream boundary. This downstream signal consists of two components: a daily double high water signal (D2) and a daily quarter high water signal (D4). The calibration is based on the propagation of the tidal bore. When the water level changes are larger than 0.2 m within 2.5 minute it is assumed that the tidal bore has propagate through a grid cell. On this way, the model results could be calibrated with data obtained from the field. For verification the relation between the cross-sectional area and the tidal prism was checked. For the sensitivity analyse the bottom friction, tidal range, bathymetry and river discharge were varied in various simulations. From these results can be concluded that the river discharge has no influence on the tidal bore, whereas the other parameters has a significant effect on the tidal bore. This implies that damming the Sittaung River, resulting in a change of the discharge, will not affect the tidal bore. Thus, changes of the propagation are only caused by the geometry and bathymetry of the estuary. Secondly the variety of the tidal bore is only caused by the tidal range, because this is the only parameter which change throughout the year. At least the effect of the tidal bore on the erosion is checked, but it is very difficult to relate the tidal bore to the erosion due to the lack of data. Upstream in the estuary the tidal bore is a small undular bore, which will not cause must erosion. Downstream of the estuary the tidal bore is larger and could have much more effect on the erosion.","Delft3D; Myanmar; Tidal bore","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","17.116011,96.972761"
"uuid:76d65690-a278-494b-b157-be1f76622927","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:76d65690-a278-494b-b157-be1f76622927","Connection of future Arctic sea ice retreat with regional climate change and increased melting over Greenland","Michailidou, E.","Vizcaino, M. (mentor)","2017","Today’s climate warming is unequivocal. Evidence from observations and satellite records show that Arctic Ocean is losing its summer sea ice cover with a rapid pace and is dominated by young and thinner ice. The ice loss has already caused heating of the overlying atmosphere. At the same time, the Greenland ice sheet (GIS) surface mass balance decreases, due to increased surface melt and runoff. These changes have an impact on global climate and sea levels. This study investigates the role of Arctic sea ice changes on GIS surface energy and mass balance, with a global climate model the Community Earth System Model (CESM). The model includes component models with 1° horizontal resolution, for the atmosphere the Community Atmospheric Model (CAM4), for the land the Community Land Model (CLM4), for the sea ice the Los Alamos Sea Ice Model (CICE4) and for the ocean the Parallel Ocean Programme (POP2). A number of simulations that have contributed to the phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) is available to the public. The analysis in this study is mainly based on the first of the five ensemble members from the twenty-first-century simulations for the representative concentration pathway 8.5 (RCP8.5) and the twentieth-century all forcing simulations, by which the summer anomalies of sea ice, climate of Greenland and Arctic Ocean and GIS mass balance in the period 2080-2099 with respect to the 1980-1999 reference period are analysed. All five simulations project a nearly ice-free Arctic ocean in September around 2060 (mean value). The simulated 2080-2099 annual and summer mean near-surface air temperature over the Arctic increase by 7.7 K and 4.5 K respectively, with respect to 1980-1999 and summer warming is strongest in the areas of reduced sea ice. The decline in sea ice area causes open water formation with lower albedo and higher solar radiation absorption that enhances melting and heating. In addition, summer cloud cover and water vapour increase and together with the temperature increase lead to an increase in longwave downwelling radiation and a decrease in shortwave downwelling radiation. Over GIS the summer mean of the first increases by 20 W/m² and the second decreases by 14 W/m² in 2080-2099 with respect to 1980-1999. For the same period the net radiation increases by 5 W/m², snowfall by 7%, precipitation by 29% and mean summer snow melt by 31%. Although a direct local or temporal connection of sea ice retreat and GIS regional climate change and surface melt was not found, sea ice changes influence Arctic climate and consequently GIS.","sea ice retreat; Greenland Ice Sheet; Arctic sea ice; climate change; melting","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geosciences and Remote Sensing","","","",""
"uuid:05c87122-00a5-4b3b-937a-10bc76078a9a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:05c87122-00a5-4b3b-937a-10bc76078a9a","Precipitable water vapour estimation using GPS in Uganda: Measuring and modelling the precipitable water vapour using single and dual frequency GPS receivers","Stierman, E.M.J.","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor); Verhagen, A.A. (mentor)","2017","Additional thesis - Precipitation and especially rainfall are very important for the world’s population. It has its positive and negative side like providing water and contrary causing floods. Therefore it is of utmost importance to make clear and accurate weather predictions. The revolution of GPS in the last few decades gave a new opportunity in doing atmospheric science. Many researches have been focused on atmospheric science using GPS in Europe and North America. This research gives a better insight in the precipitable water vapour in the atmosphere above Uganda. Besides weather prediction the results of this report could be used for climate studies in Africa. Together with the research of A.M. Koning 2016 the accuracy of the to be determined zenith tropospheric delay and the precipitable water vapour in Uganda’s atmosphere was determined. This study was done during the months September and October of year 2016 in the surroundings of Kampala. To obtain the precipitable water vapour, 3 measurement rounds were done. All three networks were spanned by 3 dual frequency GPS receivers densified with at least 5 single frequency GPS receivers. The ionospheric delays measured with the dual frequency receivers were interpolated to the single frequency GPS receivers so these were transformed into dual frequency receivers as well. Thereafter, the RINEX files were uploaded on the PPP NRCan application where the zenith tropospheric delay was determined. Using the constant of proportionality found by Bevis 1994 together with Saastamoinen’s model to determine the zenith hydrostatic delay, the precipitable water vapour was found.","Preciptable water vapour estimation; Uganda; GPS; Single frequency; Dual frequency; TAHMO","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","","TAHMO","","1.0779357,30.9878067"
"uuid:ec036b6b-b914-4b53-95f8-63638a0faa10","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec036b6b-b914-4b53-95f8-63638a0faa10","Precipitable water vapour estimation using GPS in Uganda: A study on obtaining the Zenith Wet Delay","Koning, A.M.","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor); Verhagen, A.A. (mentor); D'ujanga, F. (mentor)","2017","Additional thesis - To improve weather monitoring, local near-real time weather forecasts and climate monitoring, a dense network of sensors should be set up. As shown already in the 1990s, GPS is a promising measurement device to form a dense network for meteorology observation. Because of economic reasons, a network of dual frequency GPS receivers is densified using low-cost single frequency GPS receivers. In this thesis and the complementary thesis written by E.M.J. Stierman (2016), respectively, the quality of the Tropospheric Zenith delay and the Precipiatble Water Vapour recordings that are estimated using the single frequency receivers in the network are investigated. To do this, two networks of small (<10km) spacing and large (30-90 km) spacing have been set-up. After this, a L2- and C2-measurement is generated for the single frequency receivers, using epoch-differenced ionospheric delay for L2 and regular ionospheric delay for the C2 measurement together with the L1 and C1 observations of the single frequencyreceiver. This is done to be able to use web-based PPP processing software of NRCan, that estimates the ZTD for dual frequency data. The single frequency GPS show a ZTD that is much more variable in time than the ZTD found by dual frequency measurements. Secondly, the standard deviation to which the single frequency measurements converge is about 5 cm. It takes about half a day to obtain this precision. For comparison; the dual frequency receivers obtain a standard deviation well below 1 cm in less than 2.5 hours. The results show this processing method for single frequency receivers is not good enough to obtain an accurate and precise measurement of the ZTD. Further research could be done on taking the correlation between the made observation and generated observations into account, using other processing methods, for instance double differences, or improving this processing method.","precipitable water vapour; GPS; single frequency receiver","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geoscience and Remote Sensing","","","","0.3138386,32.5290842"
"uuid:267caf81-5af3-4f0c-9c6a-e4f01571019b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:267caf81-5af3-4f0c-9c6a-e4f01571019b","Flood Risk Guayaquil: A critical analysis on inundations","Stenfert, J.G.; Rubaij Bouman, R.M.; Tutein Nolthenius, R.C.; Joosten, S.","Mosselman, E. (mentor); Arias Hidalgo, M. (mentor); van Overeem, J. (mentor)","2017","Despite several researches about the hydrological and hydrodynamic system of the Guayas region, elementary insight of the total system was lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to create a general overview regarding floods. Besides, basic solutions are proposed for preparing Guayaquil against floods which might be present in the future. From August till November the project team researched this topic by starting with a thorough analysis of the hydrological and hydrodynamic system and thereby interviewing many stakeholders within Guayaquil. Afterwards, several solutions concerning different major problems within the system have been conceived and relative effects have been modelled in Delft3D-FM and ArcGIS. Several possible measures are proposed to challenge the rising sea level and more severe weather conditions which might be present in the future. Relative changes concerning implementing measures are modelled and discussed. Idem, existing articles on the estuary system are reviewed. It can be concluded that an integral solution is required on measures against current flood problems. To protect the entire city against floods, governmental institutions must share knowledge and ideas. In addition, only a combination of a solution for better drainage and improved flood defences will prepare Guayaquil for more extreme weather events.","low lying area; inundations; flood; risk; risk assessment; risk overview; Guayaquil; Ecuador; urban flooding","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","Multidisciplinary project CIE4061-09",""
"uuid:0c4ae0b8-e7ea-4be1-894e-e56d10e01369","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0c4ae0b8-e7ea-4be1-894e-e56d10e01369","How to protect East Jakarta against flooding: Which interventions are required to cope with the different scenarios of land subsidence","van der Hoek, Alexander (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); de Heer, Danny (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van Olst, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van Leeuwen, Pauline (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering); van den Kerkhoff, Roy-Matthieu (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Jakarta is heavily subjected to land subsidence. Due to this subsidence, the city is sinking further to under sea level. This has influence on the flood safety, both from an extreme sea event as an extreme rainfall event. The major cause of the subsidence is assumed to be the groundwater extraction, which takes place due to a lack of piped water. To reduce subsidence, the groundwater extraction must stop. It is concluded that this would not be feasible in the short term and scenarios are made on how subsidence will continue in the next years.
To ensure flood safety, measurements have to be taken. Research has already been carried out for West Jakarta, but this report focuses on solutions for East Jakarta. Four different solutions are developed to ensure flood safety. The first is to heighten the coastal dike and the flood defences along the river with the same level as the relative subsidence. To accomplish this, high flood defences should be constructed in the densely populated areas along the rivers. A spatial analysis is performed to come to a cost estimation model for the necessary land acquisition for three types of flood defences. These designs are combined to come to a cost efficient design. Another way to ensure flood safety is to close off the rivers and to pump the water into sea. In this case heightening of the flood defences along the rivers is not necessary. To reduce the peak discharges and thus the needed pumping capacity, a retention lake should be built. This can be done inland, but it is concluded that this will not be a cost efficient solution. A more cost efficient solution is to construct an offshore retention lake. This can be done by building an outer sea dike. In this case, the rivers will flow into the retention lake, which is maintained at a given water level. The pumping capacity needed to ensure flood safety depends on the size of the lake. An optimum has to be found to come to the most cost efficient design. In this study it was concluded that the most cost efficient solution is to not make a retention lake at all, but install pumps with sufficient capacity instead to handle the peak discharge. To reduce the pumping capacity, tidal gates can be constructed at the river mouths. A great advantage of this solution is that an amount of pumps can be constructed to deal with mild subsidence rates and more pumps can be built when concluded that subsidence rates turn out to be larger. In this way an adaptive solution is created.
An integrated design approach, covering multiple scales and disciplines, aims at tackling the issues by emphasizing the value of water. The Pinheiros should function as a bridge to improve social accessibility, environmental quality, and the connection between people and water.
In a natural environment nothing is straight, everything is connected and balanced in an organic form. In Sao Paulo, as the city has expanded, the urban form has become linear and rigid. The city has modified the natural shape of the river. Blue arches envisions a resemblance of the original meandering shape of the Pinheiros. By connecting blue-green infrastructure on both sides with a green bridge for commuting and leisure, allowing for the meandering shape of the ecological places to cross the river.","Water Management; Urbanism; Brazil; Mobility","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Infrastructure and Environment Design","-23.528779,-46.749296."
"uuid:e1c648c7-a28f-4a9f-be20-22cc6c2c80eb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e1c648c7-a28f-4a9f-be20-22cc6c2c80eb","Genetic Programming in Hydrology: Using genetic programming in conceptual modelling","van Ramshorst, Justus (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management)","Savenije, Hubert (mentor); Schoups, G.H.W. (mentor); Babovic, V (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution); National University of Singapore (degree granting institution)","2017","This report introduces the use of Genetic Programming (GP) into hydrology by describing the results of GP using conceptual hydrological models as physical representation. First the possibilities of GP are tested on synthetic data, which results in a shortlist of good working objective functions and insight in the most important GP settings. The test on real data in the Belgium Ardennes showed that GP using the objective functions KG10, MM and Shafii performed better. Nevertheless all three models performed not well on simulating the low flows and high peaks. Furthermore GP using KG10 and MM both results in simple serial models which perform well overall, but bad on quick response runoff. Shafii resulted in parallel models which show quick response flow, however GP it is not able to capture the fast responses correctly (yet). GP has the potential to improve the understanding in the behaviour of catchments, however it still needs the human mind to observe, compare and analyse the modelling results. The main consideration with GP is to look for a balance between: model search space, objective function, randomness and (computational) time. The challenge is how to lead GP in an efficient way without removing the possibility of finding unknown patterns.","Genetic programming; Conceptual modelling; Hydrology","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Water Management","Additional thesis",""
"uuid:6bf69443-2b8c-457c-89d3-4e7c2fc76e69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6bf69443-2b8c-457c-89d3-4e7c2fc76e69","Faalkosten en budgetoverschrijdingen","Joemmanbaks, Shaïf (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van Beek, Hidde (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hartmann, Nicole (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Baghuis, Hannah (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van der Lingen, Annick (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Buz, Anil (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Janz, Robin (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Goossens, Marnix (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Dubbeling, D.J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Dit boekje is de neerslag van het thema ‘Faalkosten en budgetoverschrijdingen’,
onderdeel van het BSc-vak ‘Bouwkunde als wetenschappelijke discipline’:
Literatuuronderzoek (BK2AC1).","Faalkosten; budgetoverschrijdingen","nl","student report","","","","","","ISBN 978-90-818111-7-0","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:ff383419-6800-4f06-9812-6da9499a3bc0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ff383419-6800-4f06-9812-6da9499a3bc0","Reliability Analysis And Safety Assessments of Structural Wall with Nonlinear Finite Element Analyses","Bhattarai, Suman (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures)","Hendriks, M.A.N. (mentor); Yang, Y. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","Inclusion of safety formats method in nonlinear finite element analysis of a structure is beneficial to realize
the safe and real behavior of structures. In addition, reliability analysis in combination with NLFEA results
and safety assessments provide an insight into consistency of the safety assessments recommendations related
to targeted safety. However, various complications arise regarding the appropriate constitutive model
to be used in analysis, estimation and inclusion of modelling uncertainty in results from nonlinear finite element
analysis, unavailability of a suitable function that defines the response of a structure when subjected to
a certain load etc.
In this additional thesis, a case study is performed to study the combination of structural safety assessment
and reliability analysis using nonlinear finite element analysis. A wall specimen experimented by Lefas
et. al is selected for the study [1]. Solution strategy is adopted based on the recommendations ofDutch guidelines
with some deviations [2]. The nonlinear finite element analyses are performed inDIANA 10.1. Since only
one solution strategy was used during the analysis of a single wall specimen, the modelling uncertainty parameters
were estimated using results from previous studies[3]. The modelling uncertainty parameters were
estimated to be, µm Æ 1.21 and Vµ Æ 6.88%. These parameters infer that the results obained from different
solution strategies were close to each other but still had a considerable bias with respect to the structural
capacity obtained from the experimental values. The NLFEA underestimated the capacity as compared to
experimental results. Only 79.3 % of the experimental capacity was realized from NLFEA.
Three different safety format methods suggested in [2] and a new safety format method by Schlune et al.
[4] are used in NLFEA to estimate the design load capacity. The effect of inclusion of estimated model uncertainty
parameters on design load capacity is observed too. The results of safety assessments indicated that
the design load estimated by using ECOV and Schlune et al. safety format are comparatively higher than using
Partial Safety Factor and Global Resistance Factor, but still conservative with respect to the experimental
results.
The reliability of the design load estimated by using different safety assessment methods is checked using
response surface method and first order reliability methods. A response surface method together with FORM
is used to obtain a quadratic limit state function that closely represents the response of the structural wall
subjected to the design load value. The limit state function thus obtained is then used for FORM analysis,
Importance sampling and/or Monte Carlo simulations to observe if the intended safety level is achieved.
The study of acheived reliability index indicated that the design load values estimated by using three safety
formats recommended in [2] are conservative, whereas the one estimated by using Schlune et al. format was
found to be non-conservative.
The additional thesis was carried out with various approximations and limitations. All limitations and approximations
are explained in detail and justified where necessary and possible. The results and discussions
of this additional thesis are dependent only on a single solution strategy adopted in a single wall specimen
and in a single failure mode. Therefore, the results should instead be interpreted as an indication of need of
further and extensive research and studies required in the field of reliability analysis and safety assessment
using nonlinear finite element analysis.","reliability analysis; safety assessments; nonlinear finite element analysis; modelling uncertainty","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","Reliability Analysis And Safety Assessments of Structural Wall with Nonlinear Finite Element Analyses",""
"uuid:0b3766ab-6a5e-41dc-9f1f-f47f1c8ed971","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0b3766ab-6a5e-41dc-9f1f-f47f1c8ed971","Activating the public realm in Zuidplein, Rotterdam","Asarpota, Karishma (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Dijkstra, Reints (mentor); Hooimeijer, F.L. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2017","This research and design studio combines infrastructural sub-structure design with urban realm design. Set within the framework of Sustainable Urban Engineering of Territory (SUET), a case for activating the public realm of Zuidplein, Rotterdam is explored in this studio.","Public realm design; SUET; Rotterdam Zuid","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:a4f0d045-f6ea-4790-846a-417487d04dc0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a4f0d045-f6ea-4790-846a-417487d04dc0","Research into RCM using the case of Hidrovía: Practical use in the Aid to Navigation sector","Cornel, L.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Schoenmaker, R. (mentor)","2016","Additional thesis - This thesis looks into the use of the Reliability Centred Maintenance in practice, by applying the methodology in a real life case, analysing the maintenance department of the organisation Hidrovía S.A.. Nowadays Hidrovía S.A. is maintaining the aid to navigation of the main river in Argentina, a concession given by the national government of maintaining and dredging more than 1500 km of waterway. The aid to navigation can be divided in roughly three types: buoy, beacon and spar, which they mainly hold up by using corrective maintenance. This could positively be changed by adapting some maintenance strategies. Using a Fault Tree Analysis and Failure Mode Effect Analysis during the RCM process, a few things were noticed; the three types of Aid to Navigation (AtoN) have a lot different sub components in common, the buoy has the highest failure rate and within the buoy there are six critical sub components: the top mark, lantern, battery (case), solar panel, floating system and chain. These six critical sub components could gain more reliability by adapting the maintenance policy: scheduled maintenance of the lantern, battery case and solar panel, redesign of the floating system and a combined strategy (preventive and scheduled maintenance) for the chain. In order to give a real maintenance policy adaptation, unfortunately more information is needed. More research should be done in the possibility of combining the scheduled replacement with the preventive maintenance and the redesigned buoys replacement. Also, the feasibility of the redesignitself should be looked into.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Construction Management and Engineering","",""
"uuid:5f48d70a-0c0a-4afa-9c98-92b022d0b65a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5f48d70a-0c0a-4afa-9c98-92b022d0b65a","Verifying the BR-DTS method with hand measurements executed with the PT-100 and the Eddy Covariance method","van Iersel, T.A.","Coenders, A.M.J. (mentor); Schilperoort, B. (mentor)","2016","Within hydrology evaporation is one of the most important terms in the water- and land surface energy balance. However evaporation is difficult to estimate accurately. Conventional techniques to measure actual evaporation have their drawbacks. One of the main drawbacks is that multiple sensors need to be used, with all their own bias. One of these techniques, the Eddy Covariance (EC) system has the drawback that it is dependent on weather conditions and is known for its problems with closure of the energy balance (Foken, 2008). A new method called the Bowen Ratio- Distributed Temperature Sensing (BR-DTS) method is introduced by Euser et al. (2014). This method determines the Bowen ratio which is the ratio between the sensible heat flux and the latent heat flux. The BR-DTS method measures temperature using a fiber optic cable. This cable is placed vertically along a tower, the cable going up is dry and the cable going down is wrapped in cotton and kept wet. With the dry and wet temperature of the DTS-cable the air temperature and vapour pressure can be determined. By having a large amount of measurements over the height and measuring it with a single sensor the BR-DTS method does not have the problem of varying biases of sensors (Euser et al. 2014). The aim of this study is at first to verify if the temperature data of the dry and wet cable are correct and second to compare the outcome with the EC data. The temperature of the dry and wet cable measured with the BR-DTS method are really close to the temperatures measured with the relative humidity sensors with a maximum R2 of 0.998 at 4 and 16 meter height for the dry cable and a maximum R2 of 0.988 at 16 meter height for the wet cable. The energy gap found is relatively small, see figure 11, and the latent heat flux measured with the BR-DTS setup is just as in the results from B. Schilperoort (2015) greater than the latent heat flux measured with the EC setup. On the other hand the sensible heat flux measured with the BR-DTS setup is smaller than the sensible heat flux measured with the EC setup which is in contradiction with the results from B. Schilperoort (2015).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:b522c4f0-004c-436a-a3db-0b2d1f051cff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b522c4f0-004c-436a-a3db-0b2d1f051cff","Internship at Rijkswaterstaat Technical Report","Seleridis, Georgios (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Engineering Structures; Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment; TNO)","Erkens, S. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2016","This internship was part of a programme that has been going on since 2012, and is called ‘NL-LAB’, standing for National Living Lab. This program deals with a very large database from asphalt tests and measurements, both in labs and in the field, provided by the contractors that cooperate with RWS. The questions set at the initiation of the project were:
1. How (well) do the functional characteristics relate to field performance?
2. Is testing on laboratory mixed and compacted the correct choice?
3. Are the current tests able to distinguish “good” from “bad” mixtures?
4. How accurate and reliable can the prediction of a mixture’s performance be, based on its volumetric properties?
Relating to this program, this technical report tries to answer the following: 1) To obtain a predictive formula (via a Regression analysis) that outputs the asphalt’s performance regarding Rutting and Water Sensitivity, and 2) Compare the field to the lab properties and locate inconsistencies or trends in their relation.
expanding cities and fast paced developments are becoming the norm in our cities today. The ability of architecture and urbanity to be able to adapt to unforeseeable changes is currently one of the most significant issues in the built environment today. The true realization of our civilization’s urban consciousness is the capability of individual units to be able adapt to different uses and different users over time and allow for innovation within the complex city system. Even though it is timeless, this issue is gaining importance as things are moving faster than ever in the current urban fabric. The essay focuses on the issue of the effects of climate change in our cities today. The link between the theoretical ideas of city structure and the adaptability of spatial form is explored. The viability and diversity of corridors in the city structure is recognized. Corridors form the backbone of the urban structure that connects other spatial elements in the overarching urban environment. The conclusion highlights design guidelines for the spatial framework of corridors in a city to be able to adapt to vivaciously changing urban environments today. The geographical context of the analysis and consequent conclusion lies within Tilburg, Netherlands. It
should be noted that the theoretical background and the suggested design guidelines can break out of the geographical barrier and be migrated to cities that are of a similar size and climatic conditions.","Climate Change; Tilburg; Hierarchy of corridors; designing adaptive frameworks","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:b960fbbc-46c4-4d78-8fcd-4bc66be9efa6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b960fbbc-46c4-4d78-8fcd-4bc66be9efa6","The El Palmar Area: A study on hydrodynamic and sedimentation characteristics","van Kempen, O.M.; Kasteel, E.Q.; Hillenius, S.M.; van der Helm, J.F.H.","de Schipper, M.A. (mentor); Miedema, S.A. (mentor)","2016","The purpose of this study is to identify the hydrodynamic effects of the dredging works and stationary making of the El Palmar island in 2015. The most critical parameters include wet/drys season, sediment characteristics and tides. This study makes use of a model constructed in DELFT3D. The model is used to show both the hydrodynamic and sedimentation characteristics for several scenario’s. The results from this study can be used as information source for future dredging works and flooding prevention in the area of Guayaquil.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","Multidisciplinary Project (CIE4061-09)",""
"uuid:94bb5820-3d3f-420b-9e71-97c4f98176a1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94bb5820-3d3f-420b-9e71-97c4f98176a1","Tilburg. Movement in time: Corridors as an adaptive framework","Asarpota, Karishma (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Muñoz Sanz, Victor (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2016","The intersection of effects of climate change, urbanism and communal action provides an opportunity for architects and planners to reinforce the complex system of cities by challenging current norms and empowering residents with tools to influence spatial form that they interact with. Going forward solutions that demand a conservative use of current resources while pushing consumers to change their habits are needed for our civilization to sustain. Urbanism is a pivotal point in this journey as it represents both a conservation strategy as well as a lifestyle change. Through urban form analysis, the project explores designing for resilience and diversity in our cities so that we are better equipped to deal unforeseeable changes in the future. An interpretation of corridors as an adaptive framework in cities is explored within the context of Tilburg, Netherlands.","Tilburg; Climate change; designing adaptive frameworks","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","","",""
"uuid:3e67667d-9ecc-41fd-a85a-3abf39b090d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3e67667d-9ecc-41fd-a85a-3abf39b090d3","Remote sensing waves in data-scarce countries: An analyis of the wave climate along the myanmar coast","Kwant, M.D.","De Vries, S. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (mentor)","2016","The objective of this thesis was analyzing and evaluating different sources of wave data. Wave data from two hindcasts, satellite altimetry and wave buoys were compared with each other in order to validate different data sets. These datasets provided to be useful tools in determining the wave climate along the coast of Myanmar.","remote sensing; Myanmar; wave climate; wave buoy; measurements; satellite altimetry; wavewatch; rads; wave spectrum","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Coastal Engineering","","16.59000, 94.25000"
"uuid:f132330b-9c07-4d67-aabd-5eb9ad2d3785","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f132330b-9c07-4d67-aabd-5eb9ad2d3785","Spatiotemporal aeolian sediment transport variabilities at Oysterville (WA) beach","Verheijen, A.H.","de Vries, S. (mentor); Lindenbergh, R.C. (mentor); Vos, S.E. (mentor)","2016","Changes in spatiotemporal variability of aeolian sediment transport as result of bar welding are studied in this paper, within the scope of SEDEX².","coastal area; intertidal zone; sediment mobilization; sediment transport; tide","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering / Coastal Engineering","","Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resource Management (HEWRM)","C73B23","46.56401,-124.06252"
"uuid:4cf0c858-92e0-4a33-8037-9d4f2c8284ff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4cf0c858-92e0-4a33-8037-9d4f2c8284ff","A Sensor Data Fusion Algorithm for Human Motion Estimation","Raghavan, V.S.","Jonker, P.P. (mentor); Vallery, H. (mentor)","2016","In the elderly population, falls are one of the major causes of injuries. Fall detection algorithms for wearable devices in the literature were found to focus on differentiating Activities of Daily Living (ADL) from falls, rather than on early fall detection and prevention before impact. This thesis work was aimed at providing accurate estimates of human motion parameters like translational velocities of the center of mass, so as to aid early fall detection algorithms in the future. An algorithm which fuses visual and inertial data obtained from a sensor setup consisting of a pair of cameras and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) was developed. An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) framework was used for sensor data fusion. A neural network was trained to map motions of interesting points or features obtained from image processing, to actual motion of the sensor setup attached to the hip of a person. This neural network provided the correction term to the EKF in the form of 3 dimensional(3D) translational velocities which is an important motion parameter for the detection of falls. First, this algorithm was trained and tested for hand-held sensor setup motions. Acceptable velocity tracking was observed for slow motions. Then the algorithm was trained and tested on motions of a test subject. The accuracy of estimation of 3D translation velocities and in particular the vertical component of the 3D velocity was studied for two distinct sets of activities or motions namely the walking motion and the sitting down/standing up motion. It is shown that the combination of the EKF and the neural network is capable of reacting and tracking the velocities for the sitting down/standing up motion.","Human Motion Estimation; Visual Inertial Sensor Data Fusion; Extended Kalman Filter; Neural Networks","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering","Delft Center for Systems and Control","","","",""
"uuid:bf039b4a-0493-4ac4-b294-dc19d45944c2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf039b4a-0493-4ac4-b294-dc19d45944c2","Blau Arenal Hotel Project","Bom, S.; Koot, P.J.P.; van Rinsum, G.P.; Vorderegger, R.F.; Wendt, E.A.F.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","Multidisciplinary project",""
"uuid:cc5a23cb-3e4c-4a59-a19f-5b1b37a86f56","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cc5a23cb-3e4c-4a59-a19f-5b1b37a86f56","Flood Proof Myanmar","Blom, J.; Caminada, I.; Colina Alonso, A.; Nientker, G.; Rijper, H.; Stoop, N.","Stive, M.J.F. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (mentor); Pel, A.J. (mentor)","2016","The objective of this research is to make a general framework, that when run through one can find a suitable measure to make a particular area in Myanmar flood proof. Myanmar suffers from yearly floods that have a huge impact on the population. Making an area flood proof is therefore one of the objectives of the civilian government. In this report ‘flood proof’ is defined as a status that shows that an area is prepared to control the effects of a flood. To achieve this goal a general framework has been created. This general framework guides the reader through multiple analyses, a development of alternatives, an assessment and an implementation. It has the objective to be transparent, reproducible, elementary, based on existing methods and based on data. To test this general framework on these criteria two cases with different research areas are chosen namely, case I: Nyaungdon and case II: Dala. The report is therefore developed as an incremental and iterative process. In this report a range of alternatives has been taken into account, that includes more than only the hydraulic measures. To implement the Dutch method of treating a (potential) flood a multi-layer safety approach has been used. This approach consist of three layers namely, prevention, spatial solutions and crisis management. All the alternatives of this report can be classified into one of these layers. The analysis phase of the general framework has been focussed on four specific analyses. The four specific analyses are a flood risk analysis, an actor analysis, an evacuation analysis, and a future scenario analysis. These analyses combined with the general analyses lead to the development of alternatives. The method that has been used to determine the relatively best alternative is the multi-criteria analysis. Most of the time it is preferred to combine several alternatives in packages to generate the best possible solutions. After these solution packages have been created for every research area an implementation has been done including an adaptive strategy. The data that has been used in this project is gathered by interviewing experts, conducting surveys and reading reports and researches. Due to a lack of data, a lot of assumptions have been made. An overview of the lacking data is given that is necessary to complete further research.","Myanmar; flood proof; flood protection framework; flood risk; Ayeyarwady delta","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Transport, Infrastructure & Logistics","Multidisciplinary Project CIE4061-09",""
"uuid:7c42594d-d9ce-4aec-84d5-ef7634ea7d49","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7c42594d-d9ce-4aec-84d5-ef7634ea7d49","BOSS Study Trip Research 2016: London, Vancouver & San Francisco","Trip, H.; van Walsum, L.; Kuijpers, L.; Disseldorp, W.; Nientker, T.","de Jong, P. (mentor); Heurkens, E.W.T.M. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Management in the Built Environment","","","",""
"uuid:2328e6e3-6869-4a12-8220-9e9f3f3aed94","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2328e6e3-6869-4a12-8220-9e9f3f3aed94","Marine litter in port areas - developing a propagation model","Lammerts, M.W.","Duinkerken, M.B. (mentor)","2016","This research focuses on the marine litter propagation in port environments, where several aspects influence the marine litter movements. Many studies in literature confirm that the biggest part of solid litter on a global scale is transported via rivers, and originated from land bases sources. The items vary in many materials but plastics certainly account for the vast majority. Drifting towards the ocean, the marine litter flows through port areas, which are the main link with the inland waterways. As seaports are generally designed like tree structures with many branches, the marine litter gets divided when entering a port area. A part of the litter accumulates at the ends of these branches, and a part passes through the port area towards the open sea. Port authorities consider the implementation of both static and dynamic cleaning solutions that have recently be invented. When placing the static cleaning solutions at certain positions, it would be most efficient when the marine litter accumulation locations are known. Therefor, this research proposes a propagationmodel in order to simulate the marine litter movements inside port areas. Given the complexity of the port environment and the the dynamic movements of marine litter, the propagation model incorporates a hydrodynamic model. A hydrodynamic model can be used to describe, define and simulate water movements in environments such as port areas, in order to achieve the most realistic results. A specific case study is performed in order to verify the application of the generic model, and hereby a hydrodynamic model of the case study environment is developed. The model is developed using the Delft3D hydrodynamic modeling software of Deltares, and it is imposed to boundary conditions in order to accurately describe the water flow. The main boundary conditions are the variable river flow rate and water levels, which are fluctuating due to the impact of changing tides. The developed model has been validated by comparing simulation results with real life measurements. The model output was hereby compared to data regarding the water level, obtained from Rijkswaterstaat, and measurements of both the water level and the flow velocity, obtained from the case study port authorities. From these comparisons it is concluded that the developed hydrodynamic model accurately describes the water flow in the port area. A particle tracking tool is used to discharge separate particles and to track their path in time, in order to simulate the marine litter propagation within the port area. During the time of this research very few quantitative data regarding marine litter inside port areas was available. Therefor, a number of scenarios have been proposed in order to determine how the litter items behave under the influences of the different aspects. By distinguishing between litter items floating at- and drifting below the surface, and imposing several wind conditions, the impacts of these and other aspects are investigated. Overestimated discharge input values are chosen such that the discharged particles accumulate at several locations. From analyzing the simulation results of the different scenarios, it is concluded that the port structure affects the movements of marine litter, and that tidal ranges affect the marine litter inside port areas on a relatively short term. Furthermore the impact of wind conditions is a dominant factor for the movements of marine litter floating at the surface, and the river flow is dominant for litter items drifting below the surface level. A number of accumulation sites are found, but naturally they vary per scenario since the different aspects influence the marine litter. This report displays the knowledge that has been acquired during a literature study, from which decisions for the modeling approach are made. It demonstrates the potential of hydrodynamic modeling and explains the process of developing a propagation model. Since researches regarding marine litter propagation in port environments are relatively young and few quantitative data is available to date, much potential in this topic exists. Therefor, the findings of this report can be taken further in the strive for creating a cleaner environment.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering","Transport Engineering and Logistics","","","",""
"uuid:cf377499-536c-4250-9c0f-96e567512c81","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf377499-536c-4250-9c0f-96e567512c81","Analysis of solutions for problems caused by beach erosion and dune encroachment","Breedijk, J.; Dik, I.; van Montfoort, M.; Smit, L.","Klein, A.H.F. (mentor); Annema, J.A. (mentor); Houben, L.J.M. (mentor); Luxemburg, W.M.J. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","Multidisciplinairy project CIE4061-09",""
"uuid:9b25940c-8177-4fe1-bd3f-80e4378baac1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b25940c-8177-4fe1-bd3f-80e4378baac1","Erosion during a sand closure: A literature study","Huppes, N.","Labeur, R.J. (mentor)","2016","Closure dams are structures that are used to close off basins, usually from the sea. A sand closure is the construction of a closure dam made out of sand. During the last stage of a sand closure, there is a closure gap through which the tide forces a current with flow velocities up to five metres per second. The flow pattern that occurs during a sand closure is three-dimensional. Furthermore, the sediment transport does not reach an equilibrium due to the constantly changing flow conditions and gap geometry. During sand closures, large amounts of erosion occur. Because the main costs of a sand closure lie in the transportation of sand to the building site, it is important to know how much sand is needed for the sand closure and how much sand is loss during the closing process. The quantification of the sand loss still requires attention. The currently used models require calibration factors, which are not known beforehand, to give a reasonable prediction of the sand loss. A model that can be applied to any sand closure and does not require calibration factors is desirable. To achieve this, the different processes that occur during sand closures should be parameterized and need to be quantifiable by a model. In this study the important processes of a sand closure are identified. With the results of this study, the sand loss prediction can be improved by considering the processes that are expected to have the largest contributions to the sand loss. It was found that the amount of turbulence in the flow has a large impact on the erosion. There are two mechanisms that appear to have the largest impact on the erosion during a sand closure. The first mechanism is that during a sand closure, mixing layers originate from the heads of the dams. These have higher turbulence intensities than the main current, which causes strong vertical mixing, so the sediment particles are brought up higher into the water column. It was found that possibly, these higher turbulence intensities also lead to pick-up rates orders of magnitude larger than the ones predicted by the current pick-up equations, although it is not known if extrapolating the formula of the TKE method, designed for river flow, to higher turbulence intensities is justified. Because the magnitude of the turbulence intensities seems to have a large influence on the predicted erosion velocity, it may be important for the total erosion at the closure gap. The second mechanism is that the flow is contracted downstream of the closure gap. This increases the flow velocities of the main current. Unfortunately, it is unknown what the impact of these higher flow velocities is on the turbulence at the origin of the mixing layers. It is desirable to be able to model the important mechanisms that occur during sand closures in a numerical model. The contraction of the flow behind the closure gap is already modelled by most two-dimensional and three-dimensional numerical models. It is advised to look further into the pick-up rates of sediment at higher turbulence intensities. Since there is no satisfactory formulation for the pick-up of sediment that can be implemented into a numerical model directly and the erosion at the origin of mixing layers is found to be most influential, it is recommended to carry out a physical scale model to quantify the pick-up of sediments at the origin of a mixing layer. This will be the subject of a forthcoming MSc thesis.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:4776e217-d7b7-4122-8e36-61ab7ed8c672","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4776e217-d7b7-4122-8e36-61ab7ed8c672","Loss of preload in pretensioned bolts","Nijgh, M.P.","Veljkovic, M.V. (mentor); de Vries, P.A. (mentor); Yang, Y. (mentor)","2016","Minor thesis --- Preload loss in pretensioned bolts is an inevitable phenomenon. This thesis focuses on the different causes for bolt relaxation and their relation to joint design. Investigating bolt relaxation is relevant because there is a direct relation between the bolt preload and the resistance of the connection. In order to assess the loss of preload in pretensioned bolts, test results of extended creep tests (cf. EN 1090-2) have been used. It was found that bolt relaxation is mainly a function of coating thickness of the joint members. The larger the coating thickness, the more bolt relaxation occurs. The influence of bolt relaxation due to flattening of surface roughness could not be quantified due to the governing influence of coating thickness, but the surface roughness is of large importance for the slip resistance. External static loading has an influence on short-term bolt relaxation which can be modelled using an equation derived in this thesis. Proper joint design is key to achieving a high strength friction grip connection with a high preload level and thus a high slip resistance over the entire service lifetime. Higher ratios of clamping length over bolt diameter lead to less bolt relaxation. The results of this thesis can be used to gain insight in the behaviour of preloaded connections, as well as to have an indication on how to achieve a preloaded connection with relatively small preload losses.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:c871a0b0-a0d5-4b6e-afab-bc29c9a9797b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c871a0b0-a0d5-4b6e-afab-bc29c9a9797b","Determination whether a large scale Tesla valve could be applicable as a fish passage","Keizer, K.","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor)","2016","Additional Thesis - All around the world many species are dying out locally or entirely due to interferences in their habitats. One of the big problems for marine life is the creation of migration barriers which preclude migrating species to complete their life cycle.Fish passages are a way for migrating species to get around obstructions in a water way. The goal of this research is to determine whether a large scale Tesla valve could be applicable as a fish passage. In a series of three experiments is investigated whether a large scale Tesla valve can meet the requirements as a fish passage. The three experiments have different scales and in each experiment focuses on another part of the requirements. Taking into account all the points from both the ecological and technical perspective it is determined that a large scale Tesla valve could indeed be applicable as a fish passage. However in its original design the valve will only be applicable as fish passage in cases of (very) small gradients and in cases of high gradients only in combination with large discharges. Further research has to be done on shape optimisation, the critical flow velocity and constructional & economic feasibility before the general feasibility of a large scale Tesla valve as fish passage can be determined.","Tesla valve; fish passage; ecology; migration barriers; migrating species; fish ladder; vistrap; fishway","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","Water Resources","",""
"uuid:fc617b76-951f-4108-8813-61ea11e9c909","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fc617b76-951f-4108-8813-61ea11e9c909","Project Koh Tao: Tackling water shortage","Beutick, E.; Breure, W.","Heijman, S.G.J. (mentor); Luxemburg, W.M.J. (mentor)","2016","Additional Master Thesis - This report serves to inform the local government of Koh Tao on the status of their current water system and advises on an alternative in order to make sure that future tap water demand can be met in a sustainable and reliable manner.","Koh Tao; Thailand; Water; Water shortage; Rainwater; Groundwater; Reverse Osmosis; Island; Tourism; Water demand","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","","10.73667, 99.42383"
"uuid:77aefcbd-65c8-41bb-9d77-5b0da41c304d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:77aefcbd-65c8-41bb-9d77-5b0da41c304d","Global Precipitation Measurement data compared to ground based disdrometer measurements: A case study in the Netherlands and Myanmar","Honingh, D.F.","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor); Rutten, M.M. (mentor)","2016","Additional thesis - Rapid advancements in satellite observation technologies have resulted in an unprecedented availability of remotely sensed rainfall characteristics. These freely available precipitation measurements could be of great value for improving current weather prediction, particularly in developing countries where other data is scarce. A key parameter to derive rainfall intensities is the drop size distribution (DSD). Data of the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission provides amongst others the DSD and rainfall intensity, but it is unknown how well the device can convert the DSD to rain intensity. Therefore the main goal of this study is validating the GPM measurement results, by using ground based disdrometers. The disdrometers were located in De Bilt (The Netherlands), Yangon and Bago (Myanmar). In the Netherlands an industrial standard Thies LPM was used, whereas in Myanmar innovative Delft-disdrometers were tested. DSD’s obtained from the Thies LPM showed a decreasing peak for increasing rainfall intensities, which corresponds to DSD theory. In most cases the DSD’s of the Thies LPM and GPM were comparable with an average R2 of 0.9. On the other hand, the rainfall intensities for these two datasets were not comparable with a relative error varying between 49 and 3314 %. The very limited joint occurrence of satellite flyover and rain events caused insufficient data for validation in Myanmar. The data obtained from the Delft-disdrometer in Yangon showed that, despite the limitations of this innovative device, it is possible to produce representative DSD.","Rainfall; Drop size distribution; Satallite remote sensing; Delft-disdrometer; Thies LPM","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:14c432e0-4eba-49b1-be50-8e4577ae1058","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14c432e0-4eba-49b1-be50-8e4577ae1058","Methodology Urban Flood Risk Assessment","Marinetti, C.; Martens, E.; Modderman, N.; Ratering Arntz, L.","van de Giesen, N.C. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","","5.53333,0.20000"
"uuid:c89a4457-6b4e-4830-ab19-f3a2d0290b7b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c89a4457-6b4e-4830-ab19-f3a2d0290b7b","Low-Budget Earthquake Resistant Housing Design in Rural Nepal","Van Zeben, J.; Sonneveld, J.; Luken, L.; Klaver, S.; Van Hoogdalem, C.","Schipper, R. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","CIE4061-09 - Multidisciplinary Project",""
"uuid:1dd8082f-f4a5-4df6-88bb-e297ed483b54","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1dd8082f-f4a5-4df6-88bb-e297ed483b54","Techno-Economic and Environmental Analysis of Oil Crop and Forestry Residues based Biorefineries for Biojet Fuel production in Brazil","Cornelio da Silva, Constança","van der Wielen, L.A.M. (mentor); Posada, J.A. (mentor); Mussatto, S.I. (mentor)","2016","The well-known volatility of petroleum price and, subsequently, of its derived products has long time urged the attention for the discovery of alternatives to fossil oil. More recently, the dichotomy food-fuel, has redirected the research towards second generation feedstocks, in which biomass residues are included. In line with this, a consortium of Dutch and Brazilian companies and Universities – HIP – joined forces to evaluate the potential of biojet fuel production in the Brazilian supply chain for which this study contributes. This project aims to identify the most promising combinations of location/feedstock/technology/ by-products for a biojet fuel biorefinery in the Brazilian context. For this, different feedstock that are significantly available in Brazil are considered, namely wood residues (Eucalyptus, Pine), agro residues (Coffee and Rice) and oil crops (Macauba). Then, 208.5 kton of biojet per year is taken as base capacity which supplies in 10% the project demand for 2020 of both São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro airports. Furthermore, this value also corresponds to a “drop-in” fuel at 50/50 blend of biojet and conventional jet. To achieve the established goal, around 120 scenarios were generated focusing on the comparison of lignocellulosic and/or lignin valorisation processes, the latter coupled with sugar production to be used in fermentation. Therefore, three pre-treatment processes are considered (steam explosion, dilute acid and organosolv), followed by enzymatic hydrolysis; and two possible thermo-chemical processes are included for lignin upgrade to biojet fuel (fast pyrolysis and gasification Fischer-Tropsch). Regarding lignocellulosic material, its valorisation is also achieved by thermo-chemical processes; being fast pyrolysis, gasification Fischer-Tropsch and hydrothermal liquefaction the alternatives studied. Additionally, the conversion of the extracted oils into biojet is obtained via hydro-processing of esters and fatty acids which step is common to all oil crop scenarios. In general, literature data was used to support most technology related decisions. Then, the number of scenarios is refined according to feedstock availability, gross profit estimation and minimum sales price, for which a price of 605 US$/ton is assumed for the biojet produced. After this preliminary analysis, the six most promising scenarios are simulated: fast pyrolysis and hydrothermal liquefaction for Pinus, Eucalyptus and Macauba, while aiming for the introduction of more detail in the techno-economic evaluation of these scenarios. Consequently, the biojet minimum sales price for the simulated scenarios ranged from 834-1188 US$/ton, being a biorefinery in Rio Grande do Sul for the conversion of Pinus via hydrothermal liquefaction the best performing scenario. Furthermore, it is also confirmed that overall these scenarios have a lower climate change impact, 1-19 kg CO2/GJ biojet, and require less primary energy, 16-395 MJ/GJ biojet, for biojet production in comparison to its homologous from crude oil, 87.5 kg CO2/GJ jet and 1210 MJ/GJ jet, respectively.","Lignocellulosic feedstock; Biojet fuel; oil-crops; minimum selling price; GHG emissions; Brazil","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Biotechnology","","BioProcess Engineering Design","",""
"uuid:12394dce-a714-4282-8930-93e09e932793","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:12394dce-a714-4282-8930-93e09e932793","Modelling and design of a flat plate fixed film photoreactor for phenol degradation","Galnares de la Garza, F.O.","van Ommen, J.R. (mentor)","2016","This paper presents the mathematical modelling and design of a flat plate photoreactor with a fixed film photocatalyst to degrade phenol. Phenol was used as target pollutant as it is one of the most studied contaminants in photocatalysis and it is present in many of the wastewater streams containing pesticides, drugs, and dyes which cannot be treated with conventional wastewater technologies. To model the photoreactor, first a Zero Reflectance Model assuming no energy absorption or scattering by the fluid phase was used to compute the rate of photon absorption. Interest was also placed on determining the effect of the photocatalytic film thickness on both the internal diffusion and the rate of photon absorption. Afterward, the material balance of the pollutant was computed considering convection, diffusion, and a Langmuir Hinshelwood type of kinetics to describe the degradation of phenol. As the reaction just takes place at the bottom of the reactor, external mass transfer limited the overall phenol degradation. Therefore, several reactor heights were investigated to diminish external mass transfer limitations and determine the optimal photoreactor dimensions. For instance, for a throughput of 50 liters per day and assuming 10 hours of sunlight, to reach 95% phenol conversion the photoreactor height should be below 0.45cm, which corresponds to a photoreactor length of approximately 25 meters. In contrast, when the reactor height was diminished to 0.1cm, the required reactor length to reach 95% conversion decreased to 10 meters.","advanced oxidation technologies; heterogeneous catalysis; photocatalysis; titanium dioxide; mineralization; fixed film; flat plate photoreactor; phenol; photocatalyst thickness; Langmuir-Hinshelwood; diffusion; diffusion limitation; local rate of photon absorption; conversion; residence time","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","ChemE/Chemical Engineering","","Sustainable Energy Technology","",""
"uuid:90bf9f9d-195b-4529-824c-009d888cf865","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:90bf9f9d-195b-4529-824c-009d888cf865","There and back again: A tale of normopathy: Or: How to reinvent the wheel","Paicu, I.L.","Radman, A. (mentor)","2016","As a species of habit, we are constantly preoccupied with building our habitat. In the course of our history, the more we evolved, the more we started to be dependent on the creation of different networks within which different agents engendered different components of our habitat. These agents do not act impulsively as we would observe in nature, but are bound by prescribed ethics, what we could also characterise as morality. Due to the fact that their actions are a priori coded within a normopathic behaviour the resulting habitat is contradictory to the passing of time, prone to a stagnation instead of an evolution. The stagnation that I am referring to is one in which the being‐individual is valued above the being‐relational. A way in which we could combat this individuation of the frame of possibilities is to try to defamiliarize the actual to the point where its ontology is open to a new interpretation, one free of habit, ethics or prechunked/precoded prejudices. The present paper investigates the possibility of achieving defamiliarization through the use of visual saturation.","Human Habitat; Individual; Relational; Defamiliarisation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","Architectural Theory","",""
"uuid:e5bfe317-8bcc-416a-bfc0-dc674df77c84","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e5bfe317-8bcc-416a-bfc0-dc674df77c84","Karisma site development","Koopmans, H.; Keizer, H.; Westland, C.; Brouwer, M.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Bosch-Rekveldt, M. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","2018-06-29","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Construction Management and Engineering","MP-181","18.007029, -76.775071"
"uuid:ecc57621-2422-48df-8eeb-a687041819fb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ecc57621-2422-48df-8eeb-a687041819fb","Improving the logistical situation of Costa Rica: researching strategies to gain additional economic advantages","Dekker, M.J.; De Loof, E.J.; Roelofsen, D.S.; Van Roekel, W.S.","Tavasszy, L.A. (mentor)","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","Engineering, Systems and Services","","Transport & Logistics","","9.93333, -84.08333"
"uuid:ca90fece-0b0d-41c3-b4a2-9fa34246f1bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ca90fece-0b0d-41c3-b4a2-9fa34246f1bd","To be or not to be. What? Is the question!: Research Methods TU Delft 2015-2016","Paicu, I.L.","Mejia Hernandez, J.A. (mentor)","2016","Master Research Paper","Decay; Unfinished; Nietzsche; Uncertainty","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","Architectural Theory","",""
"uuid:bd426086-5ccb-4e3e-9472-b6f4af6a9956","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bd426086-5ccb-4e3e-9472-b6f4af6a9956","Identifying movement patterns from large scale Wifi-based location data: A case study of the TU Delft Campus","Bon, M.P.; den Duijn, X.A.; Dukai, B.; Griffioen, S.J.; Kang, Y.; Vermeer, M.","Verbree, E. (mentor); van der Spek, S.C. (mentor)","2016","Location is a key element of many processes and activities, and the understanding of human movement behaviour is becoming increasingly important. Knowledge of people’s locations and related mobility patterns are important for numerous activities, such as urban planning, transport planning and facility management. How to efficiently use the available space, is a common problem in many fields. In the educational sector, universities are struggling to meet the higher expectations of facilities for education and research by students and academic staff. Managing the campus of a university has become a complex and challenging task, including the involvement ofmany stakeholders. Campus managers are in need for evidence-based information to support their decision making (Heijer den 2012). This includes better location data to detect activities, occupancy and usage of the infrastructure. To understand the human motion behaviour many studies are conducted based on data collection of GPS receivers. The Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is commonly used to track people in large scale environments. Spek 2008 studied the movement of pedestrians in city centres, where potential participants were asked to carry a GPS receiver. However, the distribution of GPS devices to participants limits the possibilities to collect location data at a large scale. Furthermore, due to poor quality of received signals from satellites in indoor environments, GPS receivers are not suitable in these conditions. Technological developments in the acquisition of location data by smart phones and the use of Wi-Fi networks, enables new opportunities to track users. Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) are widely used for indoor positioning of mobile devices within this network. The use of theWi-Fi network to estimate the location of people is an attractive approach, sinceWi- Fi access points (AP) are often available in indoor environments. Furthermore, smart phones are becoming essential in daily life, making it convincing to track mobile devices. This provides a platform to track people by using WLAN as a sensor network, and study the mobility of users inside buildings or groups of buildings. At Delft University of Technology (TU Delft) a large scale Wi-Fi network is deployed across all facilities covering the indoor space of the campus. The network is known as an international roaming service for users in educational environments and is called the eduroam network. It allows students and staff members from the university to use the infrastructure throughout the campus for free. This enables the possibility to collectWi- Fi logs, including individual scans of mobile devices, at a large scale. A continuous collection of re-locations of devices to access points for a long duration will return detailed records of people’s movement. This ubiquitous and individual georeferenced data derived from smart phones will present valuable knowledge about the movement on the campus. Several work has been made for studying human mobility patterns in a University’s campus. Meneses and Moreira 2012 used the eduroam network to study connectivity between two places, by computing the number ofmovements between two places within a given observation time period. Previous work has also been made at TU Delft (Kalogianni et al. 2015), where several Wi-Fi monitors were placed to detect occupation and movement between different faculties. In this paper, we attempt to identify people’s movement patterns from the eduroam network of TU Delft. Other than previous studies, this research-driven project analysed data from more than 30.000 users, and tries to detect movement patterns between buildings, and between large indoor regions. The project is carried out in request of the university’s department of Facility Management and Real Estate (FMRE). With this project, we try to illustrate to what extend movement patterns in and between buildings can be identified from anonymised Wi-Fi logs. Firstly, individual states are extracted from the Wi-Fi logs, where users stay for a longer time period. Secondly, movements are detected between a sequence of states. Thirdly, movement patterns can be identified by counting the amount of movement from, to or between certain locations at different time intervals. The aim of this paper is not to improve a Wi-Fi based positioning technique, but to use the location data to conduct a mobility analysis producing knowledge about the University’s campus. Based on the three steps mentioned above, the aim of this project is to provide a method to detect movement patterns from anonymised Wi-Fi logs. This includes the separation of mobile devices (i.e. smart phones) and static devices (e.g. laptops) from the Wi-Fi logs, and detecting movement to and from beyond the spatial extent of the eduroam network by introducing the concept of a ‘world’ state. Hereby, this paper attempts to contribute with a method to automatically mine people’s movement patterns at two spatial levels. First, movement at building level is analysed. Subsequently, indoor movement at building-part level is studied, by constructing a network graph of the underlying building floorplan. The structure of this paper is as follows. Section 2.1.1, describes the case study of TU Delft, the tracking technique and the acquired data that is used in the study. In section 2.2 we present our methodology. Section 2.3 discusses the obtained results. Finally, in section 2.4, we present our concluding remarks and recommendations.","Wi-Fi networks; TU Delft campus","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geo-information Technology","","Geomatics for the Built Environment","",""
"uuid:1dcf6c6b-67c4-4f80-bec9-eeba9c26b939","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1dcf6c6b-67c4-4f80-bec9-eeba9c26b939","Smart City Dordrecht: Identification of Pedestrian Movement Patterns with Wi-Fi Tracking Sensors","Duynstee, C.A.N.L.; Haayen, M.J.; Kyritsis, D.; Ortega-Cordova, L.M.; Samat, S.N.N.","Verbree, E. (mentor); van der Spek, S.C. (mentor)","2016","Wi-Fi tracking technology has entered an age of advancement and is in demand for identifying places of usage demand, discover movement patterns, reconstruct flows and identify parabolic patterns flow and density. For this project, passive Wi-Fi tracking was used to track visitors of the City of Dordrecht and gain insight and perspective of their movement patterns as requesed by the Municipality of Dordrecht for their „Smart City Dordrecht‟ initiative. The focus area of our research is the City of Dordrecht which includeds the streets Sarisgang, Kolfstraat, Voorstraat, and Visstraat. These streets are all commercial and mostly pedestrain only streets. The research question that was addressed is„What pedestrian movement patterns could be recognized by the use of Wi-Fi tracking sensors in the city centre of Dordrecht?‟ In addition to the sensor data, camera data was provided through the Municipality of Dordrecht with two weeks of data collection of people counts. Another data used to answer the sub research questions is our questionnaire done twice during the research period. After filtering the static devices, the above mentioned datasets where analysed individually and then confronted with each other providing validation and insights. As result of the analysis various movement patterns were identified, as well as: „hot‟ periods, different patterns between days, and in relation to the opening hours of shops. Charts and appropriate maps and animated visualisations are provided in order to show these results.","Dordrecht; Wi-Fi tracking","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geo-information Technology","","Geomatics","GEO1101",""
"uuid:94b13408-0918-4140-8c7b-2dba6b2420c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:94b13408-0918-4140-8c7b-2dba6b2420c5","Determine activity based on the classified identity of users by using Wi-Fi monitoring","Groeneveld, IJ.D.G.; Sulzer, R.; Theocharous, E.; Tryfona, M.S.; Willems, O.T.; Xu, Y.","Quak, W. (mentor); van der Spek, S.C. (mentor); Valks, B. (mentor)","2016","The Wi-Fi technologies are used in everyday life on numerous applications that detect the crowd information for commercial, security and other reasons. The Wi-Fi monitoring can be used for tracking people when they are moving along different access points. The results from the Wi-Fi monitoring can provide the location of the users in an area and therefore, useful information can be extracted. The goal of this project is to recognize the activity of different users for different sessions of a Wi-Fi network. The Wi- Fi dataset that is used, is acquired from the Wi-Fi network of the Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). Initially, the estimation of the users’ occupation is determined with the use of a Markov model with the information that is derived from the Wi-Fi dataset. Their possible identity is used, in order to estimate the activity that a user is probably doing at a specific location of the research area. The results on the use of the research area, are calculated and visualised in different spatial levels, campus, building and floor level. The use of the building complex of the TU Delft Campus, is examined during irregular hours, to allow efficient real estate management and provide security solutions.","Localisation; Markov model; Activity; Real Estate Management; TU Delft campus; Wi-Fi monitoring","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geo-information Technology","","Geomatics for the Built Environment","TRACK-id",""
"uuid:4db0aee4-40dc-4bfa-bae9-7be0916e4859","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4db0aee4-40dc-4bfa-bae9-7be0916e4859","Rehabilitation of Holwerd","Moreno, A.J.; Kar, A.; De Queiroz, B.; Rada Mora, M.B.; Disanayaka Mudiyanselage, S.S.J.; Arefin, S.S.","Hofland, B. (mentor)","2016","Holwerd is a village located at the coast of the Wadden Sea. Decisions made in the past have affected the town in a negative manner leading to an impoverishment of the region. Therefore, we were tasked with rehabilitating the city of Holwerd by establishing the connection with the sea and making the goal (Holwerd aan Zee) of the inhabitants come into a reality. In order to prioritize the different actions required to achieve the objective, a survey was conducted. Hence, a clearer view of what people are attracted to when choosing a destination is obtained. It was found that the most attractive option is the one that includes recreational elements (proximity to the sea restaurants and bars, hotels...), natural elements (parks, open spaces...) as well as cultural elements (museums, architecture…). Due to the high cost of this alternative, the project is divided into phases. In addition, an environmental impact assessment was conducted to ensure a well-balanced project implementation. In this multidisciplinary project, the focus is mainly on the construction of the navigational channel through the dike connecting to a buffer lake. Together with the channel, the implementation of a sluice in the opening of the dike is also analysed. Through a multi-criteria evaluation each alternative of channel alignment and gates is assessed. These multi-criteria analyses determined that the optimal solution is to connect the navigational channel to a fresh water source where a canal and a small marina were already present. Regarding the type of gate, it resulted that the folding gate made of timber was the most suitable to be installed both in the dike side and in the inner side blocking the salt water flowing further into the fresh water. The design of the channel was developed in such a way that an ebb-dominance tendency is present. The exporting of sediment was checked by using a one-dimensional model with a sinusoidal symmetric tide. The gate prototype was also modelled to ensure the structure can resist the different water levels. Regarding the dredged material of the channel, two proposals are evaluated in order to find a beneficial use of the remaining volume. A nourishment and development of salt marshes in Visbuurt (adjacent town of Holwerd) as well as the creation of the silt islands and development of salt marshes in Holwerd are studied. The dredging operation is also described. Finally, additional research and data collection are recommended prior to further action.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","Masterproject CiTG CEG 4061 - 09","53.38111, 5.89500"
"uuid:80c24458-1b68-428c-a39e-670bc5e3bbea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:80c24458-1b68-428c-a39e-670bc5e3bbea","Scheveningen Harbour Project","Marinov, K.; Arrieta, X.; Hewageegana, H.; De Almeida, E.; Da Silva, R.","Van Berchum, E.C. (mentor)","2016","The Hague Municipality, which is responsible for Scheveningen Harbour, is seeking solutions for two problems it is currently facing: reorganization/expansion of Scheveningen Harbour considering the shortage of marina places and the future demands; and connection of the north and south sides of the harbour, namely, bridging De Pijp. CoMEM TU Delft students were retained to provide a solution to these problems, as part of the Multidisciplinary project (CT4061-09) course. This final report covers the full description of the problem and the solutions proposed – a reorganization of Scheveningen Harbour, focused mainly in the Yacht Harbour; the construction of a new marina harbour in De Kom, hereafter called as Scheveningen Fourth Harbour, that includes a new breakwater; and a taxi boat to fulfil the connection demand for the north and south sides of the harbour.","Schevingen; Den Haag; De Pijp; port planning; expansion/optimization; marina; taxi boat; connection","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","CoMEM","","52.0975, 4.266944"
"uuid:ed092993-7ae7-46bf-aff5-91a5d3401cba","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed092993-7ae7-46bf-aff5-91a5d3401cba","Local buckling of sand-filled steel tubes for combined walls","Kostis, N.","Bijlaard, F.S.K. (mentor); Van Es, S.H.J. (mentor); Gresnigt, A.M. (mentor); Vardon, P.J. (mentor); Peters, D.J. (mentor)","2016","Bending behaviour of steel tubes has been examined in many research projects through the years, especially for empty ones. Also the infill and pressure effect in the tubes has been elaborately investigated but not much has been done on the effect that the sand infill has on the bending of the tubes. Combi-wall tubes are filled with sand during their installation on site not on purpose, since the sand enters through the lower open edge of the tube. The presence of the sand helps in achieving better post-yielding behaviour and local buckling capacity (failure at higher curvature), and also smaller ovalization of the steel tube cross-section. One of the advantages of the sand infill of combi-wall tubes is that it is free of costs and present at the application site. In order to have a better view of this favourable effect, the SBRCURnet organization performed an investigation programme, which included 4-point bending tests on empty and sand-filled tubes. In the current thesis, a numerical model of the experiments is designed which is verified and compared to the experimental test results and to analytical formulas. The numerical model is built with the ABAQUS software and consists of two approaches (models) on the issue. The first consists of a “slice” of the cross-section and it produces the moment-curvature and ovalization-curvature diagrams but it cannot predict the local buckling of the tube. The second is created in order to simulate experiment setting. It is a full scale model and it represents the mid-section of the set-up which has a constant bending moment. From this, the moment-curvature and the ovalization-curvature diagrams and the local buckling failure can be derived. The numerical curves and results are compared to curves derived from analytical formulas taken from literature research and to the results taken from the experimental tests. Additionally, the slice model is used to perform a parametrical study of the sand properties. By this, the influence of each sand property on the moment and ovalization can be examined. Generally, the final conclusion is that the numerical moment-curvature curves are a very good fit to the ones derived from the analytical formulas and they also have a good fit to the results of the experiment except for a very few of them. Furthermore, it can be clearly seen that the favourable effect of the sand is depicted in the numerical results as well as in the experimental ones. The sand infill contributes mainly to the post-yielding behaviour and the local buckling capacity since the buckle occurs in a later curvature value compared to the empty tubes. Also, the buckling shape of a sand-filled tube differs for the buckling shape of an empty tube due to the presence of the sand, which averts the inward local buckling and allows only an outward buckle to form.Additionally, by preventing the excessive ovalization of an empty steel tube, it can contribute to the bending moment capacity especially for the higher curvature values. In the curvature values close after the yielding of the tube, the contribution in the moment capacity is significantly smaller but nevertheless obvious. To sum up, filling the combi-wall steel tubes is an easy and very cheap manner in order to enhance their local buckling capacity.","steel tubes; sand-filled; local buckling","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:115c94f1-a572-4c9d-b400-2eaf09102a2e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:115c94f1-a572-4c9d-b400-2eaf09102a2e","A Dynamically Reconfigurable VLIW Processor and Cache Design with Precise Trap and Debug Support","Van Straten, J.","Wong, S. (mentor)","2016","This thesis describes the design and implementation of a VLIW processor and associated caches based on the ρ-VEX concept. An ρ-VEX processor must be dynamically (runtime) reconfigurable to behave as a single large processor, two medium-sized processors, or four small processors. This allows a scheduler to optimize for energy and/or performance based on runtime information. The key challenge lies in translating this concept into actual working hardware. Note that reconfiguration must happen quickly for the increase in performance to outweigh the reconfiguration overhead. To accomplish this goal, a new processor and corresponding cache organization had to be developed, verified, and debugged. The dynamic reconfiguration concept used in the ρ-VEX processor is unique and, therefore, the following key components had to be designed: (1) a dynamic instruction cache that can service a single processor or multiple processors depending on the core configuration, (2) a dynamic data cache with coherency since we are dealing with multiple cores, (3) a reconfiguration control unit that synchronizes running threads before reallocating the computational and cache resources, and (4) a mechanism that allows state restoration after handling a trap. State restoration must be possible even if the configuration changed while the trap was being handled. This is an issue, because it is possible for a trap to interrupt a thread in intermediate states that would not normally occur in wider configurations. Reconfiguration takes only six clock cycles if there are no stalls from the memory subsystem, so overhead should be negligible. On top of the base design of the dynamic ρ-VEX processor, the following features were implemented: (1) variable-length instruction support to decrease instruction cache pressure, (2) a debugging peripheral and accompanying tools, and (3) a trace unit for offline debugging and cache performance logging. Furthermore, many parameters of the processor can be selected at design-time using generics, such as the issue width, the degree of reconfigurability, and the layout and availability of the computational resources. Additionally, the pipeline configuration, instruction set encoding, and control register functionality can be configured using a VHDL code generator. This work is intended to enable future research and development in dynamic processor design. It has already proven its value, as three MSc projects used the current design as a starting point, and four conference papers were published with results generated based on the current design. Finally, the processor will also serve as the basis for an ASIC design that is intended to be used in robotics and space applications.","r-VEX; dynamic reconfiguration; reconfigurable VLIW processor; reconfigurable cache; cache coherence; bus snooping; precise trap; precise interrupt; precise exception; external debug; self-hosted debug; variable-length instructions","en","student report","","","","","","","","2018-05-18","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Computer Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:086fc121-5e50-48cd-9dd0-af4da7fa96c2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:086fc121-5e50-48cd-9dd0-af4da7fa96c2","From the Wasp Ovipositor to a 3D Steerable Needle for Solid-Tissue Interventions: A Design and Experimental Approach","Pusch, T.P.","Breedveld, P. (mentor); Dodou, D. (mentor)","2016","In many percutaneous interventions, such as biopsies and brachytherapy, accuracy in reaching a specific target inside the human body is necessary for the success of the procedure. Maneuvering to the target site is challenging, particularly if sensitive structures such as blood vessels have to be avoided. For maneuvering along a curved trajectory, flexible steerable needles have been introduced. However, since needles generally require a push force to be advanced into the tissue, the flexible nature of steerable needles makes them prone to buckling. Moreover, many steerable needles require rotation for maneuvering in a 3D space, causing needle twisting which makes accurate control of the needle challenging. In this study, a novel approach for the design of a flexible needle inspired by the egg-laying channel (‘ovipositor’) of parasitic wasps is proposed which addresses the aforementioned steering and buckling challenges while being small enough to be used in biopsy and brachytherapy procedures. This approach has led to the development of a six-segmented needle prototype designed to be both steerable in 3D without the need for rotation and devoid of the need for an axial push force for insertion into tissue thereby eliminating the risk of needle buckling. Experimental validation of our Ø 1.2 mm needle prototype in porcine gelatin specimen showed promising results, with steering curvatures of 0.018 1/cm achievable; yet further refinement of the design and experimental setup is necessary for a conclusive experimental assessment of the needle prototype.","steerable needles; medical needles; solid-tissue; biologically inspired design","en","student report","","","","","","","","2021-05-19","Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering","Biomechanical Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:2ffccbbc-df53-4edd-8075-830faeaed79e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2ffccbbc-df53-4edd-8075-830faeaed79e","Modelling of the bedrock channels of the Mekong River","Ligthart, D.","Sloff, C.J. (mentor)","2016","Additional master thesis - To mitigate the effects of the hydropower dam development on the Mekong river system, research must be done on the effects of sediment catchment of these dams. With unknown amounts of sediment, stored in the banks and in local bars, all spread over this long bedrock channel, local sediment transports are hard to predict. Especially, in the case of implementation of a dam, the reduction in available sediment and so the sediment transport is difficult to determine. In this research different Delft3D input is tested to model the reduction in sediment transport. The various options were the local change of roughness, change of threshold for sediment reduction for sediment close to non-erodible layers, increasing the density (locally) of sediment, controlling the maximum erosion as percentage of the water depth and the local change of available sediment at the bed. This was all done using two different sediment transport formulations of Wilcock, both for sand-gravel mixtures. The best solution turned out to be the change of the threshold for sediment reduction for sediment close to non-erodible layers. However, disadvantage here, was the inability to change this parameter locally, to be able to determine where sediment buffers in the model are located.","Mekong River; bedrock channel; sand-gravel mixtures; sediment storage; Delft3D","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:8a59cc7b-cafb-4690-b4d3-fabdb7d3ebc6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8a59cc7b-cafb-4690-b4d3-fabdb7d3ebc6","The Biorefinery expo","Van der Salm, N.M.W.","Van Gemert, M. (mentor); Groenwold, S. (mentor)","2016","The Biorefinery combines water treatment, organic waste treatment in one building together with public functions like a swimming pool, botanical gardens, community gardens, visitors routes and research labs. Organic waste and sewage sludge from the water-treatment system are used to produce bio-gas by anaerobic digestion for generating heat and power for both the building and the surrounding neighborhood.","waste-to-energy; biorefinery; Chicago; masterplan; building design; water treatment; circular economy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architecture","","Complex Projects","",""
"uuid:76544059-e37c-45d6-a1de-53d7ee9b69e4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:76544059-e37c-45d6-a1de-53d7ee9b69e4","Shock Safe Nepal Team Two: Implementation of earthquake safe techniques in rural Nepal","Loenis, B.J.C.; Spiegeler, J.; Zarmpis, M.; van Damme, R.E.X.; Wiesman, R.L.A.","Verlaan, J.G. (mentor)","2016","In April and May 2015 two earthquakes devastated Nepal. Thousands died and a manifold of these were left homeless. In order to aid the reconstruction of Nepal, Delft University of Technology initiated a research project called Shock Safe Nepal, in which multiple teams build on each other’s topics in order to help rebuild Nepal in an earthquake safe manner. A first team performed a reconnaissance mission and made a broad problem assessment of the current situation of Nepal. Building upon this work, our team investigated the current situation (February and March 2016) in rural Nepal. What solutions can be integrated in rural Nepal in order to make it earthquake safe? And how can these solutions be made both durable and permanent? In order to leave a lasting impression, not only has the feasibility of the solutions been taken into account, but also the needs and wishes of the local population. To dissipate the solutions into society, a profound understanding of the social and educational network in rural Nepal is highly necessary. Our team has examined the rural area in the development region of Central Nepal with a focus on the Sindhulpalchok, Rasuwa, Kavrepalanchok, Lalitpur, Makwanpur and Dolakha districts. An initial case study has been performed in the village of Ratankot (Sindhupalchok). The technical investigation concentrated on the few buildings that were still standing, the techniques they employed and the damages they sustained. The social investigation included meetings with a number of key people in the village, as well as a survey among the local population and an up-close observation of the rebuilding process. Our findings of this case study have been validated in various other rural villages. The output of our research can be divided in four end-products: A technical damage evaluation, a social and educational representation of Nepal, a future-oriented approach to urban planning in these rural areas, and finally a strategic action-plan on how to integrate shock-safe solutions. The technical damage evaluation expands on the destruction that has directly been done by the earthquake, on what repairs are possible for the buildings and on the essentials a building should include in order to augment the safety of the houses regarding earthquakes. The social and educational representation elaborates on the working and interaction with local communities in rural Nepal. It discusses the best way to approach the local population in order to leave a lasting impression. The urban planning approach describes a long-term view of developing the rural settlements throughout Nepal. The team’s field experience in rural Nepal led to observations on internal strengths and weaknesses which are inherent to rural Nepal. The strategic action plan discusses a short-term, a mid-term, and a long-term strategy, recommended for implementing an earthquake safe environment in rural Nepal. The purpose of this research is to be a logical step in a series of research projects which will contribute to the reconstruction of an earthquake safe environment in Nepal. It can be used as consultation advice, guideline or as a base for in-depth follow up research on one of the included topics.","Social Assessment; Nepal; Earthquake; Damage Assessment","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering / Construction, Management & Engineering","","Shock Safe Nepal, Multidisciplinary project","MP193","27.704700,85.823559"
"uuid:bd78caf7-917a-4cf4-9268-ff22a98c1aae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bd78caf7-917a-4cf4-9268-ff22a98c1aae","Fiber to the deep ocean","","","2016","This research project is set up together with Bluerise B.V. and the Technical University of Delft. The project is initiated as a pre-research for a future Ecopark, located next to the international airport of Curacao. The Ecopark is an innovative design thought of by Curacao Airport Holding (CAH). The Ecopark will consist of an ocean thermal energy conversion plant (OTEC) and a sea water air-conditioning plant (SWAC). Because of the high costs of air-conditioning and energy on the island, cheap green energy solutions are very welcome. To make sure that the OTEC and SWAC plant perform as expected, a detailed temperature profile over the whole water depth is essential. If the water is too cold at the top layers of the ocean and/or too warm at the seabed, the plant will not reach its full potential. The purpose of the research project is to deliver a design and installation method of an appropriate Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) system. This measurement system provides near-real time and high resolution temperature data. The data is obtained by installing a fiber optic cable 7 km offshore at the north coast of Curacao at a depth of 1 km. A focus has been put on the technical, economic and political aspects of installing a DTS system in deep water and on land. With the help of a geographical-, cultural-, stakeholder- and system analysis important background data and information will be considered and processed. The optimal configuration is the configuration with a subsurface buoy, where the computer is located on shore. This configuration has some technical challenges, which are analysed. Several alternatives of the different components are developed. A preliminary design is chosen through a multi criteria analysis. There is chosen for a mooring line in which the fiber optic cable is integrated, this combination of two cables will be called the DTS cable. The DTS cable is suspended in a vertical line spanning over 950m water, with the use of a submerged buoy and dead weight anchor combination. An Ultima-L DTS computer will send a signal from the shore through 7km of the cable to the anchor location and then upward for 950m to the submerged buoy. Along the whole length of the cable the signal will be reflected, which will be analysed by the DTS computer. The data will be saved in an online shared file, enabling the data to be read in the Netherlands. The wind- and wave loads can be considered as rough at the north side of the island. These two components and the current profile are of major importance for the design of the DTS system. The technical challenges of the project depend on the choice of equipment used in the design, the installation procedures and the type of shore landing of the DTS cable. The DTS cable has a limited tensile strength and in combination with the extreme water depth narrow margins have to be implemented to realize the design. This limitation determines the size of the anchor and of the buoy, which will have a profound impact on the quality of the data generated by the DTS system. For the installation procedures a research vessel named the Chapman, a smaller RIB and divers are necessary. The Chapman will install the buoy, the anchor and the DTS cable. With this procedure, the biggest risk in the project arises. The risk during the installation method described in this report is the entanglement of the different cables, which still needs further research. The success of the project depends on the cooperation with the stakeholders. The permit approval of Maritime Authority Curacao (MAC) and the approval of CAH to build on their ground are the most important aspects of the stakeholder analysis. Economic aspects of the design are closely linked to the technical solutions, to the technical challenges, and to the measurement accuracy required by the client Bluerise B.V.. A comparison has been made between the accuracy of the DTS system measurements and the costs. These trade-off result in the definitive design that consists of a subsurface buoy, a dead weight anchor and a computer on land. The result is presented to the client Bluerise B.V.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Offshore Engineering, Hydraulic Engineering, Construction Management and Engineering","MP 188","12.102222, -68.931111"
"uuid:38c96bc4-1401-4fce-8358-88b8f87b3609","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:38c96bc4-1401-4fce-8358-88b8f87b3609","Improving the logistical situation of Costa Rica: Researching strategies to gain additional economic advantages","Dekker, M.J.; De Looff, E.J.; Roelofsen, D.S.; Van Roekel, W.S.","","2016","","","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Technology, Policy and Management","Engineering, Systems and Services","","","Improving the logistical situation of Costa Rica","9.927665, -84.085880"
"uuid:3ef19a2f-a82f-436b-abb7-a182c522cb13","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3ef19a2f-a82f-436b-abb7-a182c522cb13","Exploring the relation between water scarcity and virtual water trade","de Vos, L.","Pande, S. (mentor)","2016","Additional thesis report - In this research, a theoretical model is proposed to obtain a better understanding of how hydro-climatic change affects societies, and specifically how an increase in water scarcity can affect societies. The way this is done is not to look solely at the direct effects of water scarcity on a society, but also on the indirect effects it may have through changes in technological development and virtual water trade. Starting point of the research is a model of a society suffering from an increase in water scarcity. Pande et al. (2014) presented such a model that was able to replicate patterns of technological, population, production and consumption per capita changes. The model introduced in this paper represents a closed economy with only one good being produced. The aim of this research is to include the trade of water intensive goods, also known as virtual water trade. In previous studies it has been shown that global trade patterns can be influenced by water scarcity and vice-versa. General agreement about the extent to which this relationship holds is still lacking. One of the reasons for this is that there are many areas suffering from water scarcity actually exporting water-intensive goods. This is not very surprising when it’s considered that trade relations are dependent on many things other than water availability. By including the technological development of a society, and the production of more than one good, an attempt is made to design a model where trade can emerge from inherent dynamics. While the objective of the research is to construct such a model for two societies, the scope of this report is confined to the development of a model of one society that produces two goods. One of the goods is more water intensive, while the other good requires more labour. The model looks for the equilibrium situation, where the price of the goods is such that the supply is equal to the demand. This situation is called market equilibrium. Even though this equilibrium is almost never reached in reality, it can be used to display information about the driving dynamics that occur in reality.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:cfcb260b-ccac-40e9-b273-2a472b221195","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cfcb260b-ccac-40e9-b273-2a472b221195","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering 2015","Alkusa, M.A.; Bruijn, W.E.L.; Disberg, C.; Drouen, N.A.T.; Van Duijn, D.F.; Fragkopoulos, T.; Hábetler, Z.; Haug, D.C.; Julianus, E.J.B.; Kibarov, V.; Kostadinova, D.; Leenders, S.; Lyubimova, T.V.; Naumov, D.; Rajabalinejad, R.; Peters, J.H.J.; Pronker, J.S.; Voycheva, N.; Van der Wiel, R.J.; Van Zelst, V.T.M.","","2016","Since 2003 there is a cooperation between the Hydraulic Engineering department of Delft University of Technology and Bulgarian universities. The cooperation focusses on exchange of knowledge and the development of the coast in the area of Varna. Dutch and Bulgarian students get the possibility to gain experience in data collecting, processing and interpreting. Repeating this fieldwork every year in the same area will provide an overview of the coastal development in the Varna area. The students will act as consultants for local hotel owners at the Varna coast. Their work consists of measuring hydraulic aspects in the project area and making a rehabilitation plan for the St. Elias Marina. Data collection consist of inventory material near site, beach measurements, wave measurements, profile measurements, quarry analysis and a bathymetric survey. The rehabilitation plan contains the development of sub-areas in the St. Elias Marina like the peninsula, north beach, south beach and the breakwater.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria; coastal engineering","en","student report","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:d798ecbd-9432-4e22-b0d5-03b3bdb89fac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d798ecbd-9432-4e22-b0d5-03b3bdb89fac","Preliminary Study of PDAM Tirtawening Water Treatment Plant, Bandung, Indonesia for Sustainable Production Capacity","Fausta, N.; Okumura, N.; Salgado Ismodes, V.; Speksnijder, R.","Heijman, S.G.J. (mentor); Garsadi, R. (mentor)","2016","In this study, the raw water intake, transmission pipeline and the PDAM Badaksinga Treatment Plant in the city of Bandung in West Java, Indonesia was researched in order to evaluate the increase of capacity of Treatment Plant in order to satisfy the water demand of the citizens of Bandung. For this purpose water quality and flow measurements from the raw water intake, flow measurements along the transportation to the treatment plant and the water quality at the treatment plant were done to obtain an integral view of the current situation. The raw water intake from Cikalong area in the south of Bandung was observed in this project. It comes mainly from the outlet discharge of PLTA Cikalong, the hydropower plant (3000L/s – 8000L/s with better water quality), and alternatively from Cisangkuy River (500L/s). The contribution of these two sources, along with their water quality and the efficiency of presedimentation tanks, were investigated through field measurements and historical data observation. This study gives the indication that the quantity of water is generally sufficient but it needs some mechanisms to have a daily constant flow. A seasonal cycle storage mechanism and presedimentation tanks behaviour are recommended as an alternative solution and a consideration. The new transmission pipeline, Pipa Baru, was focused for research in this project. This pipeline had three main problems which included the occurrence of bursts, never functioning at full capacity, and lacking accurate flow measurements. These problems were tackled through field measurements and simulations. For the first two problems, the results showed that air stagnation may be the cause of the problem. The accuracy of flow measurements can be overcome by more training and calibration of the SCADA, the online measurement device of the plant. Concerning the water quality, even when most of the times the effluent of PDAM Badaksinga Treatment Plant meet the environment and legal standards, the system is not robust and vulnerable to any change in the influent due to the lack of monitoring, therefore the frequency of monitoring should be increased, moreover online devices should be installed. Furthermore, the removal of certain parameters should be studied in the future and special attention should be given to the PAC dose to know the exact amount of aluminum that is dose in order to enhance the performance of the following units (sedimentation and filtration) and consequently to produce a better and safer water quality. It should be noted that the expertise of the operators is an advantage, so that training should be given to the operators in order to update the knowledge. Furthermore, in relation to the operation and equipment more improvements, investments and preventive maintenance need to be done to enhance the performance of the complete water supply system of PDAM.","Bandung drinking water treatment plant; PDAM Badaksinga; raw water intake; transmission pipeline; water quality","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","Result 2 - RVO/FDW Bandung Water Supply Upgrading Project","Multidisciplinary project","-6.890831, 107.611367"
"uuid:539242c6-94e7-428e-b778-ecdbadadf44c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:539242c6-94e7-428e-b778-ecdbadadf44c","Project Sudarsus","Agnindhira, G.P.; Duijndam, L.; Groen, C.; Kok, D.","","2016","Climate variability in temperature and precipitation has the potential to exacerbate the water scarcity problems already present in many parts of Sub-Saharan Sudan. A socio-hydrological study was carried out to determine the extent to which sorghum, the dominant rain-fed crop in Sudan, is susceptible to this climate variability and how this susceptibility is spatially distributed over the region. A simple 1D soil moisture balance model was developed to generate approximations of the reduction on the relative yield of rain-fed sorghum. After the model was developed, farmers were interviewed in order to identify their perception of crop yields over the same specific period of time. The main outcome of the farmers’ interviews was crop yield ratings. Together these two variables show that the severity of climate variability on rain-fed sorghum yields varies latitudinally across the country, and diagonally (NW-SE) along Al Khartoum, Al Jazirah, and Al Qadarif states. The interview results show a clear distinction between the villages with regards to how farmers rated their crop yields over the years, which coincides well with the biophysical products from the model. An observed difference in distribution concerning the intermediate susceptibility values of the two data sources can be explained with the capital indicator being influential on farmers’ crop yields. It is thus capital that enables farmers to cope with climate variabilities. The model outcome shows different biophysical susceptibilities for each 5 km2 and reveals that the northern states will generally remain more susceptible to crop failure than the southern villages given the lack of precipitation that reaches these areas. Even though the study did produce some conclusions, there is still room for improvement. Socio-economic indicators can be further investigated considering their influence on crop yields. Together with an improved model these indicators have the potential to form a very powerful tool in predicting food security issues before they arise. Keywords:","Sudan; Climate Variability; Rain-fed Agriculture; Socio-economic Indicators; Root-zone Soil Moisture; Multidisciplinary Project","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Water Management","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","","14.4011800, 33.5198900"
"uuid:fb8f1c90-91d1-4d08-a161-395cd29cc26c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb8f1c90-91d1-4d08-a161-395cd29cc26c","Project Yogya: Recommendations for the continued pursuit of a safe, durable and sustainable Tanjung Adikarto Port","Burger, R.E.A.; Horst, J.M.; Lanters, M.J.C.; Leunge, L.K.; Werkhoven, J.J.","","2016","Tanjung Adikarto is a fishing port in Kulon Progo, a coastal region in the Special Province of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Project Yogya was commissioned by Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai Serayu Opak with the objective to assess the issues that impede completion of the Tanjung Adikarto Port (Part I) and devise an adequate and comprehensive counter strategy (Part II). In 2012, the construction of two protective breakwaters known as the Glagah Jetty Project was halted for reasons disputed by the stakeholders involved and the economic impulse prospected to outweigh large investment costs was questioned. This two-legged report presents an analysis of the progress-impeding issues (Part I) and follows up with a recommended design proposal accompanied by an effective implementation policy (Part II).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering; Water Management","","","CIE4061-09 Multidisciplinair Project",""
"uuid:82633f3e-91a3-4438-a744-149df16effb4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:82633f3e-91a3-4438-a744-149df16effb4","Project Ruta Nacional 90","Frölke, G.; De Jong, S.; Mink, J.; Van der Sijde, J.; De Vilder, L.","","2016","The highway Ruta Nacional 90 (between Barranquilla and Santa Marta) is heavily endangered by progressive coastal erosion. Principally, this has a natural cause since the shifting mouth of the Magdalena River led to an insufficient supply of sediment. However, this threat has been foreseen for decades without it leading to adequate planning or countermeasures. The measures of the last couple of years have led to mostly ineffective and costly hard protection structures. The location of the road, through national park Via Parque Isla de Salamanca and the proximity of national park Ciénaga Grande de Santa Marta, increases the complexity and requires an integrated approach. The multidisciplinarity of the project team, consisting of master students of Hydraulic Engineering, Building Engineering and Construction Management & Engineering, facilitated this integrated approach. It is researched how the transport function between Barranquilla and Santa Marta can be safeguarded for the next 50 years in a sustainable way. Three long term strategies are researched: maintain the current coastline, retreat behind a future coastline or adapt by improving the infrastructure on the current trajectory. Short term strategies are researched in order to bridge the implementation time of a long term strategy. The report gives an indicative overview of the different strategies based on relatively rough data. The retreat option is deemed to be the most sustainable and cost-effective solution in the long term.","coastal erosion; Colombia; multidisciplinary; Barranquilla; Santa Marta","en","student report","TU Delft","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering; Structural Engineering","","","","11.012443, -74.612302"
"uuid:d7e9a5c7-bfbc-406f-aaee-b7f1bc71b3d2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d7e9a5c7-bfbc-406f-aaee-b7f1bc71b3d2","Coastal erosion along Cua Dai beach in Hoi An, Vietnam.","Fila, J.; Kampen, M.; Knulst, K.; Marijnissen, R.; Van Noort, R.","","2016","","Hoi An; Vietnam; Coastal; Erosion; Cua Dai","en","student report","TU Delft, section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","15.8900, 108.3792"
"uuid:4f460c53-44e4-4abc-88fd-202e4bfd2e46","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4f460c53-44e4-4abc-88fd-202e4bfd2e46","Flood Management: A technical solution for the flooding problems encountered in the Lower Moshi area","Eitjes, W.T.A.M.; Elshof, A.A.; Guijt, K.; Van Loon, O.D.M.; Mureau, M.D.A.","","2016","This report focuses on the flooding problems in the Lower Moshi area, Tanzania. These floods are the result of the extremely large catchment of the Kilimanjaro region in combination with large peaks in precipitation during the short and the long rainy seasons. The river bordering the area of interest cannot handle these quantities of water which results in the flooding of large plains. The local self-sustaining communities cannot harvest their crops during these seasons complicating their living conditions. Furthermore, essential facilities such as schools and medical care become unreachable during the floods and they lead to diseases being spread and an overall reduction of sanitation. Apart from their negative effects they also have positive outcomes however. The floods decrease the salinity of the soil of the agricultural land by flushing it, thus making it more fertile Last year a group of students from TU Delft came to the Lower Moshi area to investigate the cause of the flooding and come up with solutions. The report from the previous group is referred to as the prefeasibility study. This year the client, FT Kilimanjaro, made the request to work out their solutions in more detail and come up with a cost estimate. The goal of this project is to improve the welfare in the Lower Moshi area by developing a technical solution that prevents the short rain flooding and regulates the long rain flooding which is socially acceptable, feasible, and durable.","","en","student report","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering, Construction Management and Engineering, Watermanagement","","","","-3.60431178, 37.3349762"
"uuid:20a83ebc-1da6-4b91-819b-7cb3446d7cf0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:20a83ebc-1da6-4b91-819b-7cb3446d7cf0","The Design of Inflatable Hydraulic Structures","Horsten, B.P.M.","","2016","Additional thesis with a size of 10 European Credits. A Finite Element Method model is established for an inflatable barrier. The inflatable storm barrier of Ramspol in the Netherlands is taken as reference project. The FEM program that is used is called EASY and is specialized in highly deformable structures. With the model, an optimal design for the abutments of the barrier is found.","FEM-model; Inflatable hydraulic structures; Ramspol; EASY","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","52.610556, 5.845"
"uuid:76c4d8ce-1690-43ac-adca-d50f8aadf1be","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:76c4d8ce-1690-43ac-adca-d50f8aadf1be","Transplantation of healthcare financing policy from the United Kingdom to India","Shinde, R.; Arga, B.; Rataj, M.","","2016","The staggering statistics in health conditions of India demand quick actions, and thus it is advised to come up with a solution which takes less time as compared to a complete design of a new system. This paper starts with background study of UK, Netherlands and Indian health care financing models, followed by an analysis ofeasibility of transplantation of financing policies from the UK to India. It is proved from literature survey that UK and Netherlands has one of the best financing models. Though Netherlands' model is also considered; but due toeconomic incompatibility of model in India, and UK's similar legislation background with India, UK's health care system is chosen to be analyzed further as a donor country in this case. A thorough study through Hofstede's cultural dimensions (Hofstede, Hofstede, and Minkov, 2010),family of nations, and actors pulling-in and goodness of fit perspectives study end with strategies of implementation to provide some recommendations for successful transplantation. The results of transplantation can be interpreted as ""great example"" (Rose, 1993) if the strategies of implementation are clearly kept in mind.","Healthcare Financing; Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions; Family of Nations; Perspectives of Policy Transplantations; UK; India","en","student report","Sri Guru Gobind Singh College of Commerce","","","","","","","","Technology, Policy and Management","","","","",""
"uuid:fb975164-c603-4de3-aa64-278bfc6635c0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fb975164-c603-4de3-aa64-278bfc6635c0","Concrete matter - A manual on innovative concrete construction","Andrejevic, A.; Van den Broek, E.; De Leur, M.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability. This is a manual for architects, building engineers and students with an affinity for innovations in building technology. We wrote this manual in order to narrow the gap in knowledge regarding the use, and possibilities of use, of concrete. The reason for us writing this manual is that we feel that concrete is a highly misunderstood material with huge potential which is taken for granted by many.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:781b4c46-2f41-43a8-bb9c-d3ac9f4a08ff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:781b4c46-2f41-43a8-bb9c-d3ac9f4a08ff","The Dikkowita Marina Project","Broekman, E.G.; Buckers, M.D.; Rest, M.H.; Ligthart, D.","","2016","The large fishery harbour of Dikkowita faces some problems with respect to revenues and conflicts between the users. To create a higher revenue and to avoid these conflicts, a marina will be implemented. This report discusses the different aspects implementing a marina in the harbour of Dikkowita.","Sri Lanka; Marina; Dikkowita; Multidisciplinary project","en","student report","TU Delft, sections Hydraulic Engineering and Transport & Planning","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","","7.011900, 79.866893"
"uuid:bb51fbdb-9905-467e-817a-a5a942dc141b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bb51fbdb-9905-467e-817a-a5a942dc141b","Shock Safe Nepal: Team one","Oosterhof, A.J.; Düzgün, B.C.; Spelt, C.J.; De Stoppelaar, A.O.; Van Wijnbergen, E.C.M.","","2016","As a response to the 2015 Nepal earthquakes Shock Safe Nepal was founded to function as platform intended to contribute to the development of knowledge on earthquake safe housing. The project started on initiative of the Consul General of Nepal to The Netherlands Cas de Stoppelaar and the faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences (CiTG) of Delft University of Technology. Five students went to Nepal; our purpose was twofold what resulted in two reports. The goal of report one is to serve as a base that can be used and expanded by future Shock Safe Nepal groups. Literature study, field work and interviews have been performed resulting in main findings serving as an exploratory introduction on the context of Nepal, and potential future research topics. In the second report we explored one of these research topics ourselves; construction on slopes in ribbon developments. To perform our tasks we spend 8 weeks in Nepal; 7 weeks in Kathmandu and surroundings for interviews and fieldwork, and 1 week trekking through the epicentre of the second major earthquake.","Nepal; earthquake; damage assessment","en","student report","TU Delft, Integral Design and Management","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering","","","","27.700769, 85.300140"
"uuid:54e4793d-f2b2-46ed-9a35-90e2ca668a82","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:54e4793d-f2b2-46ed-9a35-90e2ca668a82","Smart comfort - A study of adaptive comfort in the Netherlands through smart facades","Bokzini, S.; Everts, M.; Van de Wetering, J.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual is designed for architects and engineers that want to know more about indoor comfort and how this can be achieved through smart facades.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:42598ebc-4c80-4eb7-8c65-1e04e1fd42c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:42598ebc-4c80-4eb7-8c65-1e04e1fd42c6","Fibre reinforced polymers - architect's guide to frp building components","Loannidou-Kati, A.; Ahmed, A.; Blankenspoor, A.; Stolk, R.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability The manual contains an overview of the material properties, the ways of manufacturing and general advantages regarding the use of FRP in the construction sector, like durability, energy efficiency and safety. Later on these aspects are further analyzed in conjunction with already built projects along with a glimpse on innovative concepts or ongoing research. In this way the architect will earn a general idea of the possibilities of FRP for the design of facades, roofs, walls, floors and window frames. The case studies provide information on the ways of manufacturing, the design and construction obstacles and how they were overcome, but most importantly the advantages of using FRP compared with other materials.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:91957f95-6b53-47a9-928c-e2fdd7086886","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:91957f95-6b53-47a9-928c-e2fdd7086886","How to they do it? - What architects can learn form animals","Mees, N.; Khazoum, A.; Ernst., M.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability The purpose of this manual is to show sustainable techniques that animals use for different functions and to show how this can be translated into applications for buildings. This manual is intended for architect, architectural students and engineers to create incentives to use animals as an inspiration for sustainable solutions in buildings.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:0ce16008-a97b-4e20-a3f8-3fc8eca27531","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0ce16008-a97b-4e20-a3f8-3fc8eca27531","Green wise - improving the indoor environment by introducing green","Ten Caat, N.; Evertzen, M.; Kalmenaki, V.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability In this manual we challenge office employees, HR-managers, building’s exploiters and all others who are interested to think about the benefits of adding green to your office buildings. The first part introduces you to commonly encountered problems and issues that can be found in typical office buildings. You’ll be surprised how much room for improvement there is! In the second part of this book an enumeration of the botanical possibilities is presented which could be applicable in your office setting. You will be briefly informed about the system, its effects, the advantages & limitations and the greenery that’s most suitable to be used in the systems.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:7baa97f3-7b9c-42b3-b9fc-6e74349dfb75","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7baa97f3-7b9c-42b3-b9fc-6e74349dfb75","Efficient thinking for architects & building engineers - a guide of the ETAB method with different processes and new approaches based on the automotive industry, marine industry and aerospace engineering","Van Ellen, L.; Huitema, A.; Verlaan, B.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability We have come with a new thinking and design method (the ETAB method) which is based on design methods used by the car industry, marine industry and aerospace engineering. With this method, easy and innovative solutions are simple to find. It helps efficiency and innovation to finally find its way through architecture the same way as it does in other industries. This manual has a special emphasis on sustainabilty as it is today’s goal, as responsable citizen and responsible architect, to achieve a sustainable life and, in this particular case, sustainable buildings.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:18026d4c-c4a1-4931-a228-35292e9f782a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:18026d4c-c4a1-4931-a228-35292e9f782a","New materials Mr. Constructor - A comparison of: Glass,FRP and Mycelium with concrete","Debets, N.; Gkioka, M.; Postel, M.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual aims to inform about common and new materials, used for structural purposes. Th ree building materials are discussed. Th rough a comparison with the popular building material, concrete, their properties and potential use are illustrated. Structural glass has been chosen as an elegant and prestigious alternative to concrete. FRP is all about the shapes and lightweight structures, off ering an effi cient solution to complex geometries! Nonetheless, these aren’t strangers to the engineer. Th is manual wouldn’t be complete without a representation of the future. For that reason, mycelium, a fungus whose building potential was recently discovered, is also presented.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:4b31a027-ad79-4450-ac0a-84affeae514e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b31a027-ad79-4450-ac0a-84affeae514e","Comfortable with sunlight design - passive design strategies to improve comfort and health through natural lighting","Marsman, B.; Ortiz, M.; Holterman, A.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual suggests a non-conprehensive vision to design, renovate, or remodel healthy homes or other spaces for living in order to support their occupants in terms of their general comfort, health, as well as their biorythms and their sleep-wake cycles. Because health is determined by several factors it was decided to focus on an important aspect lacking in current homes: adequate natural light.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:8dc96490-e32d-42ae-beaf-6e78d694882f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8dc96490-e32d-42ae-beaf-6e78d694882f","Get smart! automate your house!","Van Amstel, P.; Gorter, N.; De Rouw, J.","","2016","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual will help you in reducing both energy usage and costs by automating your home. It gives an introduction to a number of home automation systems that every homeowner can install.","AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:18bc26ad-1c05-4f9b-87b6-689e7c025211","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:18bc26ad-1c05-4f9b-87b6-689e7c025211","Feasibility of Velocity Measurements by a Drifter in the Yangon River","Janssen, M.P.J.; Koning, R.J.","","2016","Myanmar is dealing with a large data deficit, which is in contrast with the substantial need for it. The implementation of measuring techniques to obtain hydro- and morphodynamic data is an upcoming process. Measuring velocities can be valuable for calibrating models or giving estimates of sedimentation and erosion. An example of a measuring method is the use of a drifter, which is common for nearshore applications, but less for rivers. Therefore the feasibility of a drifter is tested in the Yangon River. The design includes amongst others drogues, which try to follow the governing velocity, and a GPS-tracker. This design was calibrated, where the number of drogues is adjusted to five. During the measurement campaign a flow meter was used to find the best fit for which depth the drifter measures its velocities, according to the weighted least squares error method. With this results, the values are scaled to a line of best fit. Subsequently the results are compared with a simulation, in which the already scaled results are adjusted to their respective direction. The average difference between simulation and measurements appeared to be 20%.","Myanmar; Yangon; River; Drifter; Measurement; Velocity","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:96917480-dc97-421e-b55e-6c560ce44264","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:96917480-dc97-421e-b55e-6c560ce44264","Delft3D-FLOW Model of the Yangon Port Area","De Koning, R.J.; Janssen, M.P.J.","","2016","Large sedimentation is observed in the Yangon port area in Myanmar and this sediment is blocking the entrance channel into the port. The entrance channel is dredged intensively to keep it navigable but insight into the sedimentation processes is limited. The sedimented area rises above the water level in dry season and is known as the Inner Bar. In this research the Delft3D modelling suite is used to reproduce the erosion and sedimentation patterns around the Inner Bar with a 2D depth averaged hydrodynamic model. Calibration of the model with measured water levels shows an underestimation of low water levels in the dry season. The model shows small sensitivity to the river discharge values and relatively large sensitivity to bed roughness. The model results do not clearly show a sedimentation pattern in the area according to bed shear stress results. This hydrodynamic model provides however a starting point for further numerical study into sedimentation in the Yangon area.","Myanmar; Yangon; Delft3D; Model; Sedimentation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:cc2cb420-d531-47b7-a790-fb7afbc5b3e1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cc2cb420-d531-47b7-a790-fb7afbc5b3e1","DWIP - Durban Water Improvement Project","Van Duffelen, L.; Van Eeden, B.; Hofland, F.; Rietmeijer, A.; Verhey, P.","Bosch-Rekveldt, M. (contributor); Verhagen, H.J. (contributor)","2016","The water quality at the beachfront of Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, is currently insufficient to meet the Blue Flag standard, leading to health issues for the beach users. Since Durban can be recognised by its busy port and attractive beachfront, it is a major centre for tourism. This means that research on the source of this poor water quality and the distribution of the pollution along the beachfront is of major importance for Durban to remain an attractive destination. It is very important to emphasize that to tackle the water quality problem at source technical, social and management aspect need to be considered simultaneously. It is inevitable to have a positive outcome for this project without finding a properly working combination between a technical design, the organizational structure, waste management and social issues for example since implementing a first world solution in a third world country is unrealistic at the moment. The scope area of this project consists of some catchment areas with their outfalls (of the storm water drainage system through which rainfall flows) at the beachfront of Durban between the uMgeni River and the port of Durban. Hence, an investigation of these areas onshore and a data study on the rainfall and the principle of the first flush has been performed. The first flush plays a big role in this project, since it is expexted that the first flush contains 80% of the total pollution load that enters the storm water system and hence the beachfront. The critical zones, those areas that are in urgent need of water quality improvement, are indicated by a technical analysis. Besides that a social and management analysis was carried out to identify the organisational structure of the eThekwini Municipality and present all social issues that help deteriorate the water quality and which can be disturbing when generating the final solution. Eventually, one critical zone, Addington Beach, has been elaborated on. A diversion chamber has been designed on a conceptual level that diverts almost all pollutants to the sewage system instead of the beachfront. Hence, it is expected that the sewage system and the waste water treatment plant are both capable of handling the additional volume of water due the implementation of this chamber. To increase the feasibility of this project a phasing plan has been written containing a responsibility chart and a Gantt chart. This plan has been based on both a project and process management approach.","Durban; Stormwater; KwaZulu-Natal; Blue Flag; Pollution; Beachfront; Rainfall","en","student report","TU Delft & eThekwini Municiplaity","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering & Construction, Management and Engineering","","","","-29.52, 31.1"
"uuid:8e64799e-dff6-4a1b-a3a3-4afe40d454d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8e64799e-dff6-4a1b-a3a3-4afe40d454d4","Positions in Practice, Bogotá","Apostolidis, Konstantinos (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Alberini, Eva (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Mcghee, Ben (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Blay, Dore (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Benčić, Valentina (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Yordanova, Yoana (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Kulviciute, Milda (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hocheng, Eve (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Hoş, Dilara (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); van den Toorn, Jesper (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Barth, Hannah (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Amsing, Laura (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Apurva Singh, Apurva (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment); Schram, Lucas (TU Delft Architecture and the Built Environment)","Havik, K.M. (mentor); Mejia Hernandez, J.A. (mentor); Avermaete, T.L.P. (mentor); Andrade Castro, Oscar (mentor); Gosseye, J. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2016","Positions in Practice Graduation Studio (MSc 3 | MSc 4), Bogotá, Colombia, Fall 2015 - Spring 2016","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Methods and Analysis | Positions in Practice","",""
"uuid:1fc33fc3-a466-4109-96b0-9e91df06aceb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1fc33fc3-a466-4109-96b0-9e91df06aceb","Foresea: An installation about sea level rise at Oerol 2016","Appleton, J.; Boas, J.; Chen, L.; Coskun, F.; Droge, J.P.; Hartman, N.; Jansen, S.; Kuijpers, P.; Le, J.; Scheltema, A.; Tran, L.; Wolters, E.","van Loon, F.D. (mentor); Pouderoijen, M.T. (mentor)","2016","Foresea is the result of course 'AR0148 - landscape architecture ON site' 2016, initiated by the section Landscape Architecture at the faculty of Architecture. Central aim of this course is to express the given site in a project at the interface between landscape architecture and landscape art, which will be performed during the Oerol festival in June on the island of Terschelling. Experiences of the place and the results of research and analysis form the base of the project.","Oerol; Terschelling; landscape architecture; landscape art; climate change; sea level rise; project report","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","Landscape Architecture","AR0148 - landscape architecture ON site",""
"uuid:24e94086-2c0e-4dbe-9002-446de188159b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:24e94086-2c0e-4dbe-9002-446de188159b","Using Existing Wi-Fi networks to Provide Information on Occupancy and Exploitation of Educational Facilities using at Delft University of Technology","Bot, F.J.; Braaksma, H.H.; Braggaar, R.C.; Ligtvoet, B.R.; Staats, B.R.","Meijers, B.M. (mentor); van der Spek, S.C. (mentor); Verbree, E. (mentor)","2016","This executive summary provides an overview of the work done by project in_sight for the TU Delft MSc Geomatics for the Built Environment. The research subject is the usage of WiFi monitoring data to calculate the occupation of the TU Delft campus in order to determine the exploitation of the educational facilities.","TU Delft campus; Wi-Fi monitoring","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geo-information Technology","","Geomatics for the Built Environment","in_sight",""
"uuid:b59ff02c-ab63-49c7-80b1-6478809f6889","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b59ff02c-ab63-49c7-80b1-6478809f6889","Performance of RANS turbulence models for the numerical simulation of the flow affected by micro vortex generators","Meijers, P.C.","Uijttewaal, W.S.J. (contributor); Van Zuijlen, A.H. (contributor); Florentie, L. (contributor)","2015","Additional thesis with a size of 10 European Credits. The increasing demand for wind energy has led to the development of more efficient wind turbines. A common way to increase the performance of wind turbines is the use of vortex generators. Vortex generators are small devices that are mounted on the turbine blade and they create a stream wise vortex. The vortex transports high momentum fluid towards the surface of the blade, delaying the flow separation. Although vortex generators improve the efficiency of the blade by preventing flow separation, they also create additional drag. This drag can be reduced by using micro vortex generators, which have a height that is smaller than the boundary layer thickness. The positive effect of these micro vortex generators is more local, due to the weaker vortex they create. This means that their effects on the flow should be predicted with more precision to place them in the correct location upstream of the separation. The flow affected by a micro vortex generator can be computed by means of a RANS simulation. A three-dimensional RANS simulation has been performed on a micro vortex pair, using different RANS turbulence models: the standard k-epsilon model, the k-omega-SST model, the Launder Gibson (LG) Reynolds Stress Transport Model and the Speziale Sarkar Gatski (SSG) Reynolds Stress Transport Model. The first two models are eddy viscosity models, which are computationally less expensive than the Reynolds Stress Transport Models (RSTM). The results from the numerical simulations are compared to available experimental data, which include the mean velocity components and the Reynolds stresses. In terms of computational time simulation with the k-omega-SST model was the fastest, whereas the two Reynolds Stress Transport Model simulations were 40% slower. The mean flow field and the decay of the vortex as predicted by the k-omega-SST model and the two Reynolds Stress Transport Models were in agreement with the experimental data. The standard k-epsilon model predicts the wrong shape for the vortex. When the turbulent kinetic energy is compared to the experimental data, all models fail to predict the correct profiles close to the leading edge of the vortex generators. Further downstream the prediction for the turbulent kinetic energy made by the RSTM correspond better with the experimental data than the eddy viscosity models. The degree of Reynolds stress anisotropy is also considered, by looking at the two invariants of the Reynolds stress anisotropy tensor. The eddy viscosity models underpredict the Reynolds stress anisotropy, whereas the RSTM slightly overpredict it, compared to the experimental results. The distribution of Reynolds stress in the flow domain is predicted best by the RSTM. It is concluded that when the mean flow features are of interest the best choice is the k-omega-SST model, because the computation time of this model is less than the RSTM, but the mean flow is predicted with almost the same accuracy. The RSTM predicts the Reynolds stresses the most precise, but there are still some differences with the experimental results that could be improved. The use of the k-epsilon model is not advised.","RANS; micro vortex generators; SSG; Launder Gibson; Reynolds stress anisotropy; k-omega-SST","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:58b0b8a5-f03b-4fcb-99de-03b0971bfb7b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:58b0b8a5-f03b-4fcb-99de-03b0971bfb7b","Improving navigation and preventing erosion near San Pablo, Bolivar","Van der Horst, T.; Van Wijngaarden, M.J.P.; Wetser, A.; Daniels, J.A.; Knoop, C.J.T.; Rijnen, K.M.F.","","2015","In this report a study is carried out on the Magdalena River near the village of San Pablo, Colombia. The Magdalena River near San Pablo experiences two major issues which are related to navigation and erosion. The major problem for inland navigation is the sharp bend of the Magdalena River at San Pablo, which has too small a radius, causing problems for navigation. Furthermore, there are some parts in the considered river reach where the water depth is insufficient according to the requirements for navigability. Regarding the erosion problem near San Pablo, the main driving force is assumed to be high flow velocities and large near-bank water depths due to spiral flow in the outer bend. The main flow passing by the river bank of San Pablo gradually takes soil particles away, resulting in a continuous erosion process. In addition, the developed steep slope and height of the river bank results in mass failure mechanisms, increasing the erosion problems even further in the future. Several possiblemeasures have been analysed to solve this navigational problem, such as river training works consisting of groynes, longitudinal dams and a spit, where the latter one consists of a land tongue and a longitudinal dam connected to it. Measures with an even bigger impact are also considered, such as a bend cut-off and a river bypass. There are several possible measures to solve the erosion problem, such as a revetment, groynes and geogrids. Both the navigability and erosion problem can be solved in an integral way by a combination of different measures. In this study five alternatives are proposed, which are groynes, a spit, longitudinal dams, a bend cut-off and a river bypass. With the help of a multi-criteria analysis the most promising alternatives have been selected, which showed the spit to be the best in terms of reducing erosion and increasing navigation possibilities. With the help of the Delft3D model the general up- and downstream consequences have been explored of the most promising alternatives. The large river training structures, such as longitudinal dams and a bend cut-off, do not result in the desired behaviour of the river reach. Therefore, it is not advised to completely restrict the river in its flow conditions since this in general leads to more difficulties as the restriction does not allow the river to get to its equilibrium within a short period of time. However, both the groynes and the spit pose fewer restrictions to the river flow and show large improvements of the current situation in terms of navigability and erosion. The groynes are especially successful in reducing erosion problems at the river bank of San Pablo. However, the spit is more effective in driving the main part of the flow through the current navigation channel, which results in a deeper and wider channel. Therefore, it is recommended to combine the spit and the groynes to obtain an integrated solution for both erosion and navigation problems. However, for both river training works, erosion problems are encountered downstream of San Pablo. This should be a major part of future research since problems should be solved instead of shifted up- or downstream.","Magdalena; River; Rio; San Pablo; Cormagdalena; Cirmag; Navigation; Erosion; Delft3D; river training","en","student report","TU Delft, sections Hydraulic Engineering and Water Management","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management, Hydraulic Engineering","","","","7.476951, -73.922348"
"uuid:fbbc321b-12c5-46df-9bf8-e3a491bb32ea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fbbc321b-12c5-46df-9bf8-e3a491bb32ea","Semantically Enriching Point Clouds: The case of street levels","Rovers, A.; De Vreede, I.; Rook, M.; Psomadaki, S.; Nagelkerke, T.; Quak, W.; Van der Spek, S.C.; Beers, B.; Voute, R.; Verbree, E.","","2015","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:aa3dc60b-ad8a-4842-8101-5f94010c6627","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa3dc60b-ad8a-4842-8101-5f94010c6627","Project Imbituba","Kemper, A.; Van Ekdom, K.; Beulink, L.; Hendriks, M.","","2015","The Port of Imbituba, located in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, is a privately operated port in Brazil. In the past, the port has been upgraded in order to meet the future growth in the size and number of vessels. The main breakwater and the quay were elongated and the waterway was deepened. In the first six months of 2014, a large dredging operation took place in the port. Since the extension of the main breakwater, the port is facing difficulties regarding sedimentation. The port authority of Imbituba is eager to find a proper long-term solution that prevents the area of enormous amounts of sand accretion","Brazil; sedimentation; breakwater","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-28.1424, -48.4013"
"uuid:c9e55f6a-c874-4aee-9ceb-6bbcf34d9dc7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c9e55f6a-c874-4aee-9ceb-6bbcf34d9dc7","Project Pointless: Identifying, visualising and pathfinding through empty space in interior point clouds using an octree approach","Broersen, T.; Fichtner, F.; Heeres, E.J.; De LIefde, I.; Rodenberg, O.B.P.M.; Meijers, B.M.; Verbree, E.; Van der Spek, S.C.; Ten Napel, D.","","2015","The direct use of explorative point cloud data for calculations, observations and classifications.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geomatics","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:8b0b0ee7-117b-4fa5-8aec-2f4b03921b5f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8b0b0ee7-117b-4fa5-8aec-2f4b03921b5f","New south exit channel in Río de la Plata: A preliminary design study","Brandt, J.; Minnee, K.; Kramer, V.; Gerrits, S.; Winter, R.","","2015","The authorities of Argentina wish to improve the accessibility of the ports located in the Río de la Plata and upstream to the Paraná River. The water depth in the Río de la Plata is very shallow and did not suffice for vessels to navigate. Therefore navigation channels have been dredged. Ship drafts have increased in time and nowadays there is a need to be able to accommodate vessels with higher drafts. This report provides possible solutions to increase the accessibility by researching the influence of the expansion of these channels.","Río de la Plata; dredging; approach channel; PIANC","en","student report","TU Delft, Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering; Transport and Planning","","","","-34.603333, -58.381667"
"uuid:914f5daf-48e5-4300-a442-15fe39008e76","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:914f5daf-48e5-4300-a442-15fe39008e76","Coastal protection Malecón seawall: A study to develop a sea defence solution that prevents unacceptable flooding and damage to the 'Malecón Tradicional' in Havana, Cuba","La Gasse, L.C.; Van Rooij, M.I.S.; Smits, B.P.; Ton, A.M.; Velhorst, R.L.C.","","2015","This report presents a study of the Malecón Tradicional in front of ‘Centro de Havana’ and ‘Havana Vieja’ in the city Havana, Cuba. The objective is to develop a sea defence solution that prevents unacceptable flooding of the hinterland and damage of the Malecón seawall. Implementing the recommended solutions reduces the overtopping sufficiently. Along the entire study area, it is recommended to raise the seawall and to construct a revetment. It was concluded that a curved wall is only useful in combination with a revetment for a small part of the seawall. Both the top part and the seaside face of the Malecón seawall need a structural fortification in order to withstand the design conditions. It is recommended to partly remove the top of the current wall and replace it with a new wall, which is extended in seaward direction. Both for the design storm and for the ultimate limit state, the proposed solution satisfies the strength requirements.","seawall; wave overtopping; flooding; revetment; breakwater; recurve wall; structural damage","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a210fc5f-a2e2-43f0-b754-b41e8740d487","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a210fc5f-a2e2-43f0-b754-b41e8740d487","Predicting currents at the ""Gemini"" wind farm: Analysis of Triaxys ADCP-data","Roest, Bart (TU Delft Civil Engineering & Geosciences; TU Delft Hydraulic Engineering)","de Boer, G.J. (mentor); de Schipper, M.A. (mentor); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2015","Van Oord is currently building the Gemini Wind farm in the North Sea. It is located 80km North of Schiermonnikoog. Before execution started some wave and current analysing buoys have been deployed to investigate the currents on the location of the wind farm for workability and insurance purposes. In this report the ADCP-current data will be analysed.
The major finding is that maximum tidal currents do not occur in winter but in summer, since the tidal currents are influenced more by stratification than by wind influences.
This report has been written as part of my internship at Van Oord DMC, in Rotterdam.","Tidal currents; Tidal analysis; ADCP; Gemini; Density driven currents; North Sea","en","student report","","","","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering | Environmental Engineering","","54.0403, 5.8850"
"uuid:36df7d75-8a83-4db6-8bd5-08f728e6089f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:36df7d75-8a83-4db6-8bd5-08f728e6089f","Multi-criteria approach to the infrastructural problems of San Pedro de la Paz - From an urbanistic and hydraulic perspective","Crielaard, R.; Keulers, B.; Koudstaal, K.; Kox, S.; Veerman, M.; Vila Santamaria, R.","","2015","Part I concerns the analysis of the infrastructural problems at hand in San Pedro de la Paz. To get insight into the problems first an analysis of the location is made. This analysis involves the geographical characteristics of the city, historical development, land use, infrastructure etc. Based on this analysis a problem description is made. The major problem is the congestion of Ruta 160. This problem has different causes: the inter-communal traffic flows, trucks, public transport deficiency, connectivity of the secondary roads and organisational problems. To solve the congestion on Ruta 160 several solutions have been proposed by different parties. These proposed solutions are elaborated upon with figures of the road profiles and tables containing the road characteristics. To improve the congestion on Ruta 160 these solutions are combined into variants by the research team. The most promising variants are filtered using a set of constraints and demands. Finally in Part 1 the criteria that are used in the Multi-criteria analysis (MCA) of Part 4 are introduced and explained. These criteria are: time, costs, environmental impact, social impact, safety, comfort and co-benefits. Part II considers the Biobío River and the Los Batros wetlands north of the Ruta 160 Bridge. The influence of the infrastructure variants Costanera Sur, Puente Industrial and Ruta Humedal on this inland water system is analysed. For this analysis two existing 1D HEC-RAS models of the Biobío River and Los Batros are modified to meet the current and proposed situations. The design conditions that are used for both models are discharges with a return period of 100 years. Also other discharges are used in order to evaluate the effects of the infrastructure for different situations. The results show that the water level in the Biobío River increases with a maximum of 10 centimetres due to the presence of Puente Industrial and Costanera Sur. The water level in (Estero) Los Batros experiences a negligible increase due to the presence of Ruta Humedal. The resulting water levels and LiDAR topography data are also used to create an inundation map for San Pedro de la Paz and the Biobío River. It can be concluded that in the present situation no mentionable floods occur along the southern bank of the Biobío River. This is also the case for the Costanera Sur situation since the riverbanks are heightened. For the design condition flooding occurs for parts of Los Batros. Ruta Humedal does not increase the flooded area in Los Batros but protects a part of the farmland located in that area from flooding. Several roads are also analysed on the tsunami impact with the NEOWAVE model. These roads consist of Ruta Costa (elevated coastal highway), Costanera Sur (elevated road along the riverbank) and Ruta Humedal (through the wetlands). They are combined into three different combinations: (I) Costanera Sur and Ruta Humedal, (II) Costanera Sur and Ruta Costa and (III) Costanera Sur, Ruta Humedal and Ruta Costa.To assess these combinations properly, first the generation of a tsunami by an earthquake is explained. Then an earthquake scenario has to be devised in order to come up with a worst case tsunami scenario. This scenario is derived from multiple major earthquakes that generated tsunamis that affected the coastal area around San Pedro de la Paz over the last centuries.This has led to a scenario MW 8.9 and MW 9.0, which both show inundation of the coastal area of San Pedro de la Paz but in different amounts. Since the amount of inundation of MW 8.9 is not significant enough for a detailed analysis, only the results of MW 9.0 are used. This scenario overtops the dunes and inundates the coastal neighbourhoods. In the case combination (II) and (III) this coastal inundation is completely prevented, only Los Batros has a small amount of inundation. Combination (I) does not prevent coastal inundation and seems to increase the amount of inundation in Los Batros. However, this increase of inundation in Los Batros could be due to deviations in the model itself and needs more research. Part IV starts with the analysis of the different solutions based on the criteria as defined in Part 1. The analysis is followed by the MCA. The MCA consists of three different steps. The first step is the weighting of the criteria. In this step the relative importance of the criteria is determined. This is done using pairwise combination of criteria. The pairwise combination of the criteria is presented in a survey to the research team and students of the UCSC. The weights of the different criteria as determined by both the students and the research team are used in the MCA. The results show major difference in what the students think are important criteria and what the research team thinks are in important criteria. The students view safety, time and costs as most important criteria. But the members of the research prioritize safety, environmental impact and social impact. Step 2 concerns the scoring of the different proposed solutions and the variants. The solutions are given a score for every criterion as defined in Part 1. This scoring is done by the research team and based on the analysis as done in Part 4. The absolutes scores from Part 2 show significant difference on solution level. The two proposed solutions with the highest scores are Ruta Costa and Ruta 160. The improvement of Pedro Aguirre Cerda scores relatively low. On variant level the differences are much smaller. The variants that have the highest scores are variant 1A and 1B. Step 3 of the MCA takes into account the info from the previous both steps by multiplying the absolute scores of step 2 with the weight of the criteria as determined in step 1. This multiplication results in the so-called relative weighted score. By taking into account the relative weights of the criteria the ranking of the variants changes significantly. When using the weights as defined by the students, variant 1A scores the highest. When taking into account the weights of the criteria as defined by the research variant 1B comes out on top.","Chile; Concepción; Biobio; Flood risk; HEC-RAS; Tsunami; NEoWave; MCA; Traffic; Road network","en","student report","TU Delft, section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-36.84, -73.12"
"uuid:fe2b3362-3eeb-44bb-a117-fa2899f521aa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fe2b3362-3eeb-44bb-a117-fa2899f521aa","The Arsenic Project: A multidisciplinary Project in Nicaragua","Admiraal, M.; Couasnon, A.; Huijzenveld, T.; Hutten, R.; Schölvinck, O.; Van Veen, N.","","2015","In Nicaragua, active research for arsenic started in 1996, after the first case of arsenic poisoning was reported in a rural community. Arsenic concentrations present in drinking water cause chronic poisoning, which depending on the exposure, lead to several life-threatening long term effects. It is however unknown to what extent this contamination is spread over the country, since many water sources have not been tested for arsenic. Different arsenic mitigation techniques have been implemented, like the Kanchan filter, but long-term field performance of such techniques are unknown and little follow up research has been done. The overarching goal of The Arsenic Project (TAP) is to contribute to the ongoing research in arsenic contamination by developing social and technical guidelines for rural households to mitigate arsenic exposure risk in selected areas of Nicaragua. This is declined in this report under the following three research components: risk, technical and social, with the end objectives to measure the arsenic concentration in wells, to calculate the related exposure risk, to map high risk areas (hotspots) and to assess the performance of Kanchan filters or more generally water treatment technologies encountered both from a technical and a social perspective. Arsenic concentrations were measured using the Arsenator®, along with several water quality parameters (pH, temperature, conductivity, etc.) using a multimeter. Arsenic speciation between As(III) and As(V) was done using the Clifford method. Short interviews were conducted to know more about the well’s characteristics (age, number of user, etc), water-related habits, and characteristics of household technology solutions, when applicable. In the latter case, assessment of the filter performance (flow rate, arsenic removal rate, etc.), and an inquiry of maintenance was done. Semi-structured interviews, focus group and in-depth interviews were used to qualitatively assess the perception of water-treatment technologies, the awareness about (arsenic) contamination and the willingness to invest in freshwater supply. TAP investigated in 5 municipalities, with at least 3 communities within each of these municipalities, cumulating more than 4000 km. 128 wells have been sampled, from which 38% contained arsenic. In 7% of all the wells, As(III) was found. Arsenic concentrations, excluding zeros, ranged from 3 to 267 ?g/L (upper bound measured in the municipality of Telica). From all the sampled areas, most contaminated wells were found in Larreynaga, Telica and Muy Muy. In general, highest arsenic concentrations were found in wells with high temperature and high conductivity. The main arsenic mobilization mechanism is most likely geothermal influence, but possibly also reductive dissolution. In total, six Kanchan filters were found. Only one Kanchan filter has a sufficient removal efficiency and the others remove nothing, have a poor removal capacity (9%) or increase the arsenic concentration during filtration. The one removing arsenic also has the lowest filtration rate. Fragility of components (tap, clay-pot), lack of pre- and post-support were recurrent in filter’s limitations. Social acceptance of the filter is generally high and users have faith in its removal capacity. In general, arsenic is seen as a threat, but arsenic awareness differs a lot depending on the community history (previous campaigns) or personal contacts with the municipality or NGOs. Other arsenic mitigation strategies are also researched and implementation of relatively complex mitigation strategy was observed to be performing successfully. General guidelines and recommendations for arsenic mitigation strategies are formulated in the report. In particular, the development of an integrated mitigation solution is community-specific and time dependent (short term vs. long term). If filters are selected a viable solution, it is important to make sure that the removal efficiencies are sufficient and for a long duration, users are confident about the filter efficiency, and that a good support program before, during and after implementation exists.","arsenic; nicaragua; Kanchan; filter; drinking water; drinking water risk; hotspot","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","","12.132778, -86.250278"
"uuid:a23f4bcc-fcf8-47d0-8a25-0794d6372cdd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a23f4bcc-fcf8-47d0-8a25-0794d6372cdd","Exploring Photogrammetric Point Clouds","Koopman, M.J.; Soffers, P.; Kastelijns, M.; Ntarladima, A.M.; Ten Kate, J.; Tijssen, T.P.M.; Verbree, E.; Van der Spek, S.C.","","2015","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:db0bac6c-870c-47fc-94d1-ca87a65a5511","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:db0bac6c-870c-47fc-94d1-ca87a65a5511","Project Cartagena: ""A flood free city""","Van Miltenburg, M.; De Way, M.; Cornelissen, D.; Van Osselen, K.; Ziel, R.; Van de Ven, M.","","2015","Cartagena is a city located at the Caribbean coast of Colombia, founded in 1533 by the Spanish. Its population consists over one million inhabitants, making it the fifth largest city in Colombia. Due to its strategic location, the port of Cartagena has grown into the largest port of the Caribbean coast, making it very important for the Colombian economy. The city is famous for its colonial centre ’Centro Historico’, that is a UNESCO world heritage site since 1984. Together with Centro, the peninsula of Bocagrande, Castillogrande and El Laguito, attract a lot of tourists thanks to its wide stretching beaches. The areas are however prone to flooding. The focus of this project is to provide a well-structured analysis of the flood problems in the neighbourhoods Centro, Bocagrande, Castillogrande and El Laguito, because of their major importance to the touristic, economic and cultural values of Cartagena. From this analysis an integrated conceptual solution is performed to improve the drainage and coastal protection system to ensure the future development of the city in a political and social desirable way. In the current situation the studied areas suffer from frequent flooding. The coastal protection and drainage system are insufficient. The surface level gradient is too small and the outlet drains are constructed as holes through the coastal protection, allowing the seawater to intrude during high water levels at sea. Flooding already occurs at mild conditions, such as spring tide or a single heavy rainfall event. These floods cause a lot of damage to properties and the infrastructure. The salt water intrusion causes damage to cars and buildings. Also hinder to all kind of commercial activities due to significant congestion, or even inaccessibility, results in a huge loss of revenue. Prognosis is that the frequency and intensity of these problems will increase in the future, due to the expected sea level rise and land subsidence. In recent years, various studies have already been performed on these problems, but the municipality has never given priority to implement these proposals. The decision makers do not see the urgency of the problem. Since most political functions have a maximum term of four years, this hampers decision making with a long-term vision. Also there is only a very small budget available for disaster prevention, leading to a limited investment budget. Another issue is the large amount of public and private organizations that operate without good collaboration, causing a haziness of their responsibilities. A program of requirements was established after analysing the problem, to which the design levels were equipped. For feasibility of the design, it is necessary to obtain additional investors next to the municipality. Therefore an extensive stakeholder analysis was performed to indicate all potential public and private interested parties. The studied areas were divided in smaller areas and global solutions were developed on element level, where the coastal protection and drainage were distinguished. A multi criteria analysis (MCA) was performed on these global solutions to indicate the best elements for the final solution. In order to let the solution succeed, the stakeholders that have authority to start a project should sense the urgency of the problem. These stakeholders are the mayor of Cartagena, the Bolívar department and the Ministry of ADS. Since the water levels at sea are expected to increase considerably in the upcoming years, the future development of Cartagena is at stake. In order to let all parties collaborate to implement a solution, the final design is constructable within four years and will be performed in phases, where the most flood prone areas have gotten the highest priority. From the MCA, the best elements were combined to create a final solution. The final solution includes elements that bring additional value to the peninsula by constructing a marina and a promenade to attract private investors. The safety is guaranteed by upgrading the current coastal protection system and will be implemented by a strongly revised drainage system. The surface gradient will be increased by heightening two roads, the outlet drains will be equipped with check valves and a comprehensive pumping system will be installed.","Cartagena; flood; coastal protection","en","student report","TU Delft section Coastal Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","10.393304, -75.549085"
"uuid:013c82dd-0a70-4a0a-84a4-e70a462f0c0f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:013c82dd-0a70-4a0a-84a4-e70a462f0c0f","Socialising the pixel: The use of citizen science in land use classification and its potential uncertainties","Visser, T.","","2015","When making an land use map of an area with the use of remote sensing data, additional data from the ground is needed for this area, the so called ‘ground truth’. By combining the datasets a a land use classification can be done, relating a pixel with the actual situation on the ground. The collection of the ground data is labour intensive since enough data is needed in order to make a correct classification. This data collection could also be done by citizen science (volunteers that collect data for scientific research), which would allow to collect more data on a larger geographic and temporal scale (Cohn 2008). This paper looks at the possible factors that can cause error in the collection of ground truth data for land use. If one knows these factors it might be possible to minimise the error and have an idea on the accuracy of the data collected by citizens. With this in mind the different elements are described with the help of the available literature. This was followed by an experiment to study more in detail the relation between the error and the heterogeneity of the site, the training of the data collectors, and the specific land use class of the site. The experiment consisted of a photo experiment and a field experiment done with the help of Hanoi University of Natural Resources (HUNRE) in the Day River basin in Vietnam. This indicated that heterogeneity certainly made the classification more difficult. The difficulty of the classes was heavily influenced by the list with predefined classes given to the participants. To find the sites it might be easier to use smart phones with GPS applications to help the classification. It is recommended for certain experiments to be repeated in order to gain a deeper insight in these relations.","ground truth; citizen science; land use classification","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:b91c930a-df3c-4fb0-aa29-c1598063ca3c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b91c930a-df3c-4fb0-aa29-c1598063ca3c","Multi-disciplinary project PDAM Tirtawening, Dago Pakar - Bandung","Deckers, R.W.J.; Wang, H.; Rangel, V.; Chrisovergi, A.","","2015","In 2014 the Netherlands Enterprise Agency and PDAM Tirtawening Kota Bandung reached an agreement, to fund the project “Towards pro-poor private investments in water supply, Bandung”, about the improvement of the municipal water treatment plants of Bandung. This agreement establishes the financial support of the Dutch government towards the PDAM Tirtawening depending on the compliance of the enlargement of 25% of the water treatment plant capacity. This report is the result of an eight week multi-disciplinary project at the local water treatment plant (PDAM Cikapundung) in Bandung, which contributes to the project mentioned above. This project was performed by four TU Delft students majoring in Water-management. The problems were approached from two different specializations, sanitary engineering and water resource management.","Bandung; Indonesia; water treatment","en","student report","TU Delft, section Water Management","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","","-6.861433, 107.62813"
"uuid:445a954f-d952-4aca-84a6-38d4e8fa4453","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:445a954f-d952-4aca-84a6-38d4e8fa4453","Ferries in the Caribbean","Ceulemans, B.; Van der Togt, A.C.; Wiesman, R.L.A.; Timmerman, T.","Miedema, S. (contributor); Mooij, S.C. (contributor)","2015","In the summer of 2015 a multidisciplinary team of four TU Delft master students was sent to the Caribbean by Damen Shipyards to perform a market research study into the ferry market of the entire Caribbean Sea. We have executed this research as the fifth collaboration between Damen Shipyards and International Research Projects Delft, an organization of master students of the Delft University of Technology. The research scope was twofold; on the one hand to identify the most viable sales leads for Damen and on the other hand to hear what could be reconsidered in a future ferry design to make products more suited for the Caribbean region. This is the reduced report of the research.","ferry; Caribbean; Damen Shipyards; IRPdelft","en","student report","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:fdef1d52-52de-435c-a875-e8461e1cd973","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fdef1d52-52de-435c-a875-e8461e1cd973","Sedawgyi Water Resources/Irrigation system simulations","Quirijns, S.","Kerssens, P. (contributor)","2015","","Mandalay; RIBASIM; Water magement; Myanmar Internship","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:8aae8131-bb83-42a5-ad2b-2781f70c1d36","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8aae8131-bb83-42a5-ad2b-2781f70c1d36","Bali Beach Project - an evaluation of the coastal structures in Bali, Indonesia","Arntz, B.J.M.; Kusters, J.F.; Knoppe, K.I.; Huisman, R.R.; Ringoir, V.H.","","2015","","Erosion; Bali; Beach; Candidasa; Indonesia","en","student report","TU Delft, sections Construction Management & Engineering, Offshore and Dredging Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Structural Engineering","","","","-8.409518, 115.188919"
"uuid:5f80a2cb-67c4-4706-ab14-eb952612128a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5f80a2cb-67c4-4706-ab14-eb952612128a","Setting up a freight transportation model for Java in Indonesia","De Baat, M.J.; Den Hertog, V.; De Jong, S.; De Regt, K.; Wijgergangs, K.","","2015","The project consisted of the development of a freight transportation model for the island Java in Indonesia. A literature study concerning freight modelling has been performed to formulate an appropriate framework of such a model for the given situation. Different data sources have been identified, analyzed and combined to be used as input for the model. The framewook has been demonstrated by a 'proof of concept' model that has been build in OmniTRANS. Two applications of the model have been demonstrated. The contributions of this study are the feasibility study for a freight transportation model for Java and recommendations how to improve the 'proof of concept' model in a full working model.","freight modelling; Java; OmniTRANS","en","student report","TU Delft, section Transport & Planning, Faculty Civil Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Transport & Planning","","","","-6.174923, 106.830986"
"uuid:fa8d32c4-1766-4cd9-867a-6a36978ead5e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fa8d32c4-1766-4cd9-867a-6a36978ead5e","De groene ingenieur - Handleiding om bestaande constructies te berekenen voor het ontwerpen van groene daken","Leising, R.; Mosch, J.; Sturkenboom, J.","","2015","Deze “designers’ manual” is gemaakt tijdens het TIDO-vak AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability Deze handleiding is geschreven om de groendak ingenieur en ontwerper zelfstandiger te maken en meer inzicht te geven in constructies. De handleiding bevat onder meer de basisregels voor constructies en een rekentool. Hiermee kunnen de gebruikers zelf een eerste analyse maken van bestaande daken en met behulp van de rekentool inschatten hoeveel gewicht een dakconstructie aankan.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","nl","student report","Delft University of Technology","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:996f2f24-f5fe-43d2-815c-c0edb5d058b3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:996f2f24-f5fe-43d2-815c-c0edb5d058b3","Building on extreme height - what you need to know before designing on Mount Everest","Baron, B.; Roelvink, K.; Silveira, R.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual contains general information on the environment of Mt Everest, culture, health, climate, resources, transportation options, building materials and building constructions.","","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:0ac95e5a-29fc-4103-8560-7dfe84066813","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0ac95e5a-29fc-4103-8560-7dfe84066813","Discover the fantasyworld of Shape memory materials","Anastasiou, C.; Stavrou, I.; Barou, L.; Aloupi, M.N.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability Shape memory materials (SMM) are considered a class of the most promising smart materials. The reason why these materials are so unique is their property to recover their initial shape from a significant and seemingly plastic deformation when a particular stimulus is applied. This feature is called shape memory effect.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:fdc113d2-f734-4218-a326-c638766c8dc4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fdc113d2-f734-4218-a326-c638766c8dc4","The home factory - A guide for developers, architects and contractors to understand industrialized homes","Lopez, L.; Heemskerk, S.; Lima, R.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual explains the whole lifecycle of an industrialized home. In a graphical way the processes are shown that make industrialized homes differ from the ones that are built on-site. Three main stakeholders, the developer, the architect and the contractor, will be addressed to stress why industrialized homes are interesting for them in particular. It is not necessary to read this manual from cover to cover, since the chapters can also be read individually.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:f7937a5c-1704-447b-9148-6843f7b5b82a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f7937a5c-1704-447b-9148-6843f7b5b82a","How to design with FRP - An architectural handbook","Ottens, R.; Uytenhout, K.; Keetels, S.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This Architectural Handbook is dedicated to the building material FRP, or ‘fibre-reinforced polymers’. It provides an overview of applications in façade and structural designs, focussing on design aspects of FRP and how to deal with an adaption of FRP in the building industry as a ‘conventional’ building material. Its purpose is to provide a common understanding of issues and good practice requirements, helping to bridge knowledge gaps between the architects and experts that already work their whole life in FRP, yet in other industries. But this manual gives the architect also some encouragement to work with this relatively new material in Architecture and how to deal with all stakeholders that are involved in this conservative business.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:801d9ffa-1c30-4d6e-90cd-f2f1cd0854ae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:801d9ffa-1c30-4d6e-90cd-f2f1cd0854ae","Aquaponics DIY in your backyard","Huang, W.Y.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual is intended for students who want to create their own aquaponics system. The manual first explains the basics of aquaponics. Followed by a step-by-step construction guide on how to build one yourself.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:46e92ef1-ef49-4066-86d7-e17468e860df","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:46e92ef1-ef49-4066-86d7-e17468e860df","Invisible photovoltaics - PV basics + 25 design examples","Meekma, L.T.; Valdes Cano, N.A.; Zhindon Andrade, P.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual is intended for architects and designers. Its main objective is to address PV technology as a building material alternative for the architect to incorporate in his design repertoire.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:46945b04-eb5c-4ebe-af48-a4536f53fa1e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:46945b04-eb5c-4ebe-af48-a4536f53fa1e","Smog kills","Luitse, S.; Okkinga, N.; Voorhorst, M.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability In front of you, you see a manual about outside air quality. More specific, a manual about improving outdoor air quality. Nowadays the standards for air quality (by name: NO2, ozone and particulate matter) are not being met. This manual will help you to do something about it and help you in a design stage. This manual is a tool for designers in the fields of architecture, urbanism and infrastructure. You are the ones that can improve the air quality by taking into account outdoor air quality!","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:1b0db648-dfa6-457b-91df-358a42c43dbc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1b0db648-dfa6-457b-91df-358a42c43dbc","Less material, more design - Optimized concrete structures with fabric formwork","Prayudhi, B.; Borg Costanzi, C.; Van Baalen, S.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual explains one of the many methods of design and fabrication of biomimicry design in structural element. Rethinking the way we design a column, by using topology optimization method to generate a material-efficient structure with a new innovative Ultra High Performance Concrete as a material and using an unconventional fabrication method with fabric form-work for concrete casting.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:7de7ab59-0f6a-43df-a578-d161df98d84f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7de7ab59-0f6a-43df-a578-d161df98d84f","Smart Windows - Switchable glazing technology for solar control","Kartsiou, A.; Krousti, A.; Kalatha, A.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability The main focus of this manual is to provide an accurate and detailed overview of available options on switchable glazing, and to evaluate each one separately as well as in comparison to the others.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:a98b8fdd-f714-493f-8e7a-5b5a48c9699f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a98b8fdd-f714-493f-8e7a-5b5a48c9699f","Take it apart - Smart ways of connecting components","Michael, C.; Kanli, E.; Koenen, W.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability So why should you be interested in taking stuff apart? The greatest reason you should opt for this mentality is that the building industry is currently the biggest polluter in the world. It is one of the sectors with the highest energy consumption and it also produces massive amounts of waste on yearly basis. So what could be done to deal with this problem in order to leave a better world behind for future generations? Or at least not make it a worse place than it already is.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:24cd2f2a-0c6e-4a41-bbf0-fdf61f54cdc0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:24cd2f2a-0c6e-4a41-bbf0-fdf61f54cdc0","Regen? vang het op! - Opvangen van regenwater voor huishoudelijk gebruik","Van der Linden, D.; Goldbach, J.; Wisse, R.","","2015","Deze “designers’ manual” is gemaakt tijdens het TIDO-vak AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability Deze handleiding beschrijft verschillende systemen om regenwater op te vangen en te gebruiken.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","nl","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:ece16bcf-9bce-43bb-90e5-bb157cd12e59","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ece16bcf-9bce-43bb-90e5-bb157cd12e59","Aquaponics - how to build your own food producing, small scale, aquaponics system","Ros, J.M.","","2015","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Innovation and Sustainability This manual is made for people that want to create a small-scale sustainable way of retrieving food. At first it will be presented on how the system works and what it can benefit to your residence.","ar0531 Innovation and Sustainability","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Architectural Engineering and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:14c5971b-d9cb-40a7-9f6f-d96e595d6685","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14c5971b-d9cb-40a7-9f6f-d96e595d6685","Use of Compartment Dikes as a Flood Management Strategy in Schouwen-Duiveland","Pearson, S.; Alhaddad, S.; Amarachaharam, T.; Darnall, J.; Samardzija, I.; Serrano, A.M.","","2015","CIE4061 Multidisciplinary Project: We were tasked with determining the feasibility of dike compartments to mitigate flood risk in Schouwen-Duiveland, The Netherlands. The primary dike protecting the polder of Bruinisse is vulnerable to piping failure, leading to a high probability of flooding. In the event of a flood, the small but deep polder would fill quickly and pose disastrous consequences, both in terms of human casualties and economic loss. Compartment dikes seek to reduce the effects of flooding by strategically retaining water or protecting areas of high value. The first phase of our study aimed to find the optimal compartment dike layout for Bruinisse polder. We began with a thorough investigation into the existing site conditions and best practices for flood protection, with a particular focus on piping failures. We modelled the effect of dike breaching to determine the consequences of flooding. The results were used to calculate the tangible economic damage and potential fatalities for several different dike compartment strategies. Ultimately, we determined that reinforcing and extending an existing former sea dike near the weak primary dike section was the optimal layout. The second phase of our study sought to determine whether compartment dikes were a viable solution for flood prevention when compared to other strategies such as repairing the primary dike. Several alternative solutions were explored, including berms, cut-off walls, relief wells, temporary barriers, raising land elevations, and improving evacuation. A probabilistic approach was used to quantify uncertainty in both the strength of the dike and environmental loads acting on it. A design and cost estimate was then prepared for each alternative solution, ensuring that they complied with safety requirements for the site. We then conducted an environmental impact assessment and stakeholder analysis to ensure a balanced evaluation. Our multi-criteria analysis determined that reinforcing the weak primary dike using a berm was the optimal solution for mitigating flood risk in Bruinisse. We recommend that additional data collection and analysis take place prior to further action.","dike; compartment; Schouwen-Duiveland; Bruinisse; piping; flood","en","student report","TU Delft, sections","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","51.636323, 4.075479"
"uuid:020cbd18-8131-4980-8a00-6606631fa121","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:020cbd18-8131-4980-8a00-6606631fa121","Flood Risk Reduction in Voorne-Putten","Gijon, A.; Kala, Y.; Monteban, D.; Sasikumar, A.; Songy, G.","","2015","Voorne-Putten is an island located in the delta region of the Netherlands. The island is surrounded by a dike ring which consists of dikes, dunes, and hydraulic structures. The flood risk in Voorne-Putten was assessed to be unacceptable according to the measure of local individual risk. The maximum allowable local individual risk in the Netherlands is 10-5/year. Most of East Voorne and Putten were assessed to be unacceptable according to this measure. Several sections in the dike ring were identified to be below the safety standard (failure probability) of 1/4000 per year. This project was conducted to explore solutions to reducing the flood risk using inland dike solutions or reinforcements to the outer dikes.","flood risk; inland dike; VNK; MSc Project; Voorne; Putten","en","student report","TUDelft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","51.820994, 4.141776"
"uuid:c1a3b020-6706-462e-bc39-138efe7755e0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c1a3b020-6706-462e-bc39-138efe7755e0","The Durban Dig-Out Port, Project Durban","Steeneken, S.; De Haan, F.; De Koning, R.; Gijsman, R.; Le, T.","","2015","The Port of Durban is South Africa's premier port and hub of the region, especially for the Johannesburg (Gauteng Province) area. The current port will eventually not be sufficient to handle the capacity demand. The focus is on the development of a new port in the direct surroundings of Durban. A suitable new location is found at the old international airport. The Durban Dig-out Port is designed to cover a yearly container throughput of 10,000,000 TEU, a yearly liquid bulk throughput of 5,000,000 kL and 300,000 vehicles throughput per year. The governing vessel for the design is a 22,000 TEU container vessel with a length of 430 m, a width of 43.4 m and a draft of 16.3 m. The choice for the 22,000 TEU design vessel is reviewed. Based on global developments in ship manufacturing and a brief look at the developments in South Africa's container trade it is concluded that the 22,000 TEU vessel is recommended for the design of the port. In the proposed port layout the entrance channel is aligned such that it gives possibilities to bring the Isipingo estuary and its protected mangroves back to life. New land becomes available for an extension of the mangrove area and a new natural equilibrium between fresh and salt water inflow can be developed. The direction of the entrance channel also results in the central location of the turning circle and therefore the basins are relatively short. This makes manoeuvring for the vessels in the port convenient. A slight bend in the entrance channel is proposed to mitigate the wave action in the port. A straight entrance channel would lead to large downtime and has a direct impact on the port efficiency. The southern swell waves cannot enter the port due to the breakwaters and the eastern wind waves are either absorbed at the inside of the southern breakwater or at the safety beach at the end of the turning circle. The proposed sand bypass system makes sure that the coastal evolution is sustainable. In the proposed layout two configurations for the breakwaters are distinguished in terms of orientation and length. The proposed breakwaters are based on either a relatively high (10 kn) or low (6 kn) maximum vessel entrance speed. From research with a simplified wave model it is concluded that the shorter breakwaters cause downtime for the liquid bulk terminal during storm conditions from the south. During normal conditions it is however found that the liquid bulk terminal can be operational for more than 99% of the time. Next to that, it is found from the design of the breakwaters' cross sections that the breakwater dimensions become significantly larger at greater depths. However both breakwaters are found stable with numerical stability analysis and in combination with the result of the wave model it is concluded that the shorter configuration is preferred. This leads to significantly lower construction costs and the downtime of the liquid bulk terminal is limited.","","en","student report","TU Delft, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","","-29.985278, 30.961023"
"uuid:c9a9a9b5-b6bf-4385-b54c-9ab29fe3e7cb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c9a9a9b5-b6bf-4385-b54c-9ab29fe3e7cb","Decentral solar energy database","Aarsen, R.; Ramkisoen, M.; Janssen, M.; Verbree, E.; Quak, W.; Biljecki, F.; Voûte, R.; Van Doorn, L.","","2015","Geomatics Synthesis Research project is commissioned by external partners. The research was carried out under the flag of the CERISE Topsector Switch2SmartGrids research program (www.cerise-project.nl).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Urbanism","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:d86b2744-28cb-4e6d-a09b-4333fce83343","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d86b2744-28cb-4e6d-a09b-4333fce83343","Report on Accidents due to Anchor Operations","Bhatt, K.","Koornneef, F. (contributor)","2015","Report written for the course of Project Safety Science under the supervision of Dr.ir. F. Koornneef.","anchor; ship; accident; safety; risk; HFACS-Coll","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Technology, Policy and Management","Safety and Security Science","","","",""
"uuid:4ad24134-b473-4f76-a6cc-8a5b9bc7045c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4ad24134-b473-4f76-a6cc-8a5b9bc7045c","Flood Management Lower Moshi","Borghans, J.W.; Luijben, W.J.M.; Van Zaal, C.J.; Van Zanten, S.C.; Van Eijk, T.F.A.; Van der Zee, W.","","2015","In 2014, NGO FT Kilimanjaro (FTK) focussed on southern Lower Moshi in order to avoid poverty and despair in this place. This southern Lower Moshi area is situated south of TPC; a large sugarcane plantation in the North of Tanzania, south of Mt. Kilimanjaro. After the exploratory interviews with the villagers, conducted by FTK, it appeared that their biggest troubles are the result of the yearly floods. In order to solve their main troubles, the cause of the problem had to be further investigated. This is the main reason why this research has been conducted and this report has been written. The goal of this study is to understand the flooding problem and to come up with practical solutions for this problem. In this report an extensive research is described and an intergral solution is presented.","","en","student report","TU Delft","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","","","","","-3.534417, 37.336778"
"uuid:78bd29c1-1c13-4d2e-a5c6-44ed107c19b3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:78bd29c1-1c13-4d2e-a5c6-44ed107c19b3","Project Hue: Report and field study on the water related problems and solutions in and around the Cau Hai lagoon and the Tu Hien inlet, Vietnam","Peters, T.; Jongerius, Y.R.; Franken, J.T.; Ponsioen, L.A.; Tieleman, O.C.","","2015","The Tam Giang-Cau Hai lagoon system, lying in the Thua Thien-Hue province in central Vietnam, is affected by a tropical monsoon climate. This among others is the reason the Cau Hai Lagoon area has a long history of floods and other water related problems. Inhabitants are very dependent on the lagoon, as the main sources of income of people living in the region are fishing, agri- and aquaculture. The project goal has been formulated as follows: Finding an economic as well as technical feasible solution to reduce the water related problems, specifically navigability, salt intrusion and floods, in and around the Cau Hai Lagoon and the Tu Hien inlet and thereby improving the economic development of the region. Concerning flood risk, navigability and salt intrusion the inlet stability and size are important aspects. Using an echo sounder the bathymetry of the inlet has been measured. The measured size of the inlet was one of the input parameters for the hydraulic model that has been set up. This basic model of the Cau Hai basin system was made to test some alternative solutions for the Tu Hien inlet. The different solutions were simulated for five different scenarios. These scenarios include average dry season conditions, average wet season conditions and multiple extreme events. The output of the model for the different alternatives was used to rate the alternatives for a couple of criteria in a Multi Criteria Analysis. Other criteria of the MCA are qualitatively rated. The most promising alternative proved to be the one including a jetty at the northern side of the Tu Hien inlet in combination with a bank protection at the other side. In this way a large part of the littoral drift is blocked, enlarging the equilibrium cross-section of the inlet. This in turn results in a better flood evacuation capacity, navigability and water quality in the lagoon. For both mentioned elements a preliminary technical design is made, resulting in the stone class needed for the armour layers, dimensions of the toe and characteristics of the filter.","Vietnam; Hue; Thua Thien-Hue; inlet stability; flood risk; salt intrusion; water pollution; erosion","en","student report","TU Delft - Faculty of civil engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","16.3201395, 107.8637695"
"uuid:85834742-05dc-4e53-88e2-f298a5be3900","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:85834742-05dc-4e53-88e2-f298a5be3900","Assessment and mitigation proposal in case of major tsunami impact","Jager, T.; Smoor, A.C.; Tiehatten, B.M.H.; Wester, F.E.","","2015","Iquique is an important city in the northern of Chile. For the coast of Iquique a seismic gap with a return period of 111 ± 33 years is present. Since the last big event in 1877 only 20 % of the accumulated seismic slip is released. The configuration of Iquique is such that a large future earthquake and subsequent tsunami would generate a serious impact in terms of loss of life, economical andmaterial damage and post-event disruption of the society. In this research an answer is given to the question how to reduce the impact of a major tsunami. First the size of the impact is assessed with a high resolution numerical model, NEOWAVE. Various possible scenarios are analysed. Governing parameters are flow depth, flow velocity and the arrival time of the wave in city. The worst case tsunami scenario predicts significant inundation on three locations, the port, the commercial centre Zofri and the popular Cavancha region. The port is outside of the scope of this research. Detailed analysis of the Zofri and Cavancha areas give relevant information for future disaster mitigation. In Zofri, the natural barrier at the shore is overtopped, after which the hinterland, including the Zofri mall, is inundated. The topography of this area shows a hollow profile therefore a ’bathtub’ effect is present. After 60 minutes 50 % of the area is inundated with a maximum of flow depth 2,5 meters and a runup of 4.7 meters. The total inundated area is 760.000m2 In the Cavancha region the water enters 17 minutes after the earthquake event, mainly from the north side,inundating the hinterland. After 5 additional minutes, the Cavancha peninsula is cut off, creating an island. The numerical results give a maximum flow depth of 5mand flow velocities between the 3 and 5 m/s and the runup reaches 6.8meters. The total inundated area is 700.000m2. As the size of the impact is determined, the mitigation of the impact is assessed. A method of developing and assessing mitigation measures is put forward. Essential to this method is the framework, in which elements of existing calamity frameworks are captured. The used framework addresses the phase to which the disaster has evolved (strategies), techniques that can be applied with respect the the event (methods) and the concept of safety ensured on multiple levels. The use of the framework ensures the development of a multilateral complex solution. Sub-research questions corresponding to the stages of analysis, design and validation are introduced to guide the process of obtaining the answer to the main research question. In the analysis stage a short list of mitigation measures, specifically suited for the Iquique areas, is derived. In the subsequent design stage, the methods, derived in the framework, are used to compose three possible systems of mitigation. The first system focusses on retaining water at the coastline, preventing the hinterland from being inundated by the use of a Dyneema tsunami barrier. In order to secure safety, mitigation measures related to escaping the water are implemented. Since the system also has to reduce impact related to possible post-disaster disruption,also the method preparing for the aftermath is employed. The second system evolves around the concepts of delaying and diverting the incoming water. In order to do this, an submerged breakwater and flow channels integrated in existing infrastructure are introduced. Similar to the first system, this system makes use of measures related to escaping the water and preparing for the aftermath. The third system focusses completely on the concepts of escaping the water and preparing for the aftermath. A new evacuation protocol and the design of a public vertical evacuation building are proposed. The systems are validated on their effectiveness and their side effects are evaluated. At this point, the three complex solutions are evaluated on the impact criteria. All the systems can be implemented in Iquique and will reduce the impact of a future tsunami. When mitigation measures for Iquique are considered the systems proposed in this report are a guidance for the possibilities and scale of impact reduction","Chile; tsunami; flood risk","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering - Watermanagement -Geotechnical Engineering","","","","-20.217665, -70.152190"
"uuid:47a476bc-747b-422f-abd4-d5da455ad60a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:47a476bc-747b-422f-abd4-d5da455ad60a","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering 2014","De Boer, G.G.; Schlepers, M.H.; Aggarwal, A.; Willemsen, G.; Rip, J.; Jansma, J.; Jansen, L.J.M.; Rafiq, S.W.; Postma, M.G.; Palaiogianni, N.; Hanssen, J.L.J.; Loozen, M.M.; Van den Bosch, B.A.P.; Fotis, G.; De Louw, R.M.J.G.; Meijerink, E.","","2014","This report is the final part of the course CIE5318 Fieldwork Hydraulic Engineering at the TU Delft. In this course a group of international students from the TU Delft a and the Varna Free University visit the coast of the Black Sea. During their weeks visit they do field research in Varna, Bulgaria and visit the harbor of Constanta, Romania. Several beaches and coastal structures are visited to observe and measure. The aim of this fieldwork is to give this group of student’s insight into data collection, processing, the practical application of coastal structures and working together as a group where different nationalities and cultures are represented. The results of the measurements, analysis and the new design for the project area are given in this report.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a6d6c5ec-2c99-4e7c-aea8-a707f06fe617","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6d6c5ec-2c99-4e7c-aea8-a707f06fe617","Rhythm of the campus","Van der Ham, M.; Kalogianni, E.; Lam, M.; Sileryte, R.; Zhou, K.; Van der Spek, S.C.; Verbree, E.; Valks, B.","","2014","This Geomatics project was carried out in commission of the Municipality of Rotterdam, Geofort Herwijnen and Facility Management of TU Delft. The research project and this report deliver important fundamental information for scientific/academic paper on Wifi tracking","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geomatics","","Geomatics","",""
"uuid:681b2921-a5f5-4c38-a6ed-b6da4ca58b60","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:681b2921-a5f5-4c38-a6ed-b6da4ca58b60","The sewer system of urban Maputo","van Ramshorst, Justus (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences; TU Delft Water Management); van Esch, Thijs (TU Delft Civil Engineering and Geosciences)","Marques Arsénio, André (mentor); Rietveld, Luuk (mentor); Matsinhe, N.P. (graduation committee); Delft University of Technology (degree granting institution)","2014","During three months information about the sewer system of Maputo was gathered, mostly at DNA, DAS, CRA, AdeM, AIAS and at the Municipality of Maputo. The information, consisting of reports, papers, maps, presentations and websites, was used to estimate the potential amount of wastewater in the sewer system of Urban Maputo. This wastewater could be available for reuse in Maputo, at the WWTP, being this the main purpose of the project “Sustainable freshwater supply in urbanizing Maputo, Mozambique” led by TU Delft, UNESCO-IHE and the Mozambican University UEM.
The sewer network consists of system one and system two. System one was built by the Portuguese in the 40s as a drainage system, but nowadays it functions as a combined sewer and it discharges directly into the bay. System two, built by DHV, a Dutch consultancy firm, in the 80s consists of sewer lines, a WWTP and two pumping stations. These pumping stations are also supposed to pump a part of the water of system one to the WWTP. However, because of sand in the pipes the pumping stations are not being operated.
The billed amount of drinking water was used to calculate the flow in systems one and two. These data were obtained per neighbourhood and multiplied by 0.8, a guideline in Maputo for the amount of drinking water ending up in the sewers. For the water flowing in the sewer network, three cases are estimated, the actual status, system two completely working and the total volume of system one and two. The actual flow into the WWTP is 3957 m3/day with 20,665 m3/day being directly discharged into the bay. If the pumping stations of system two were operating, 10,266 m3/day would flow to the WWTP and 14,357 m3/day would be directed into the bay (Figure 1). By measuring the amount of influent at the WWTP, using the existing Venturi meter, the calculations were validated. The measurements show a flow arriving to the WWTP in the order of the magnitude of the calculations .This influent is generated by approximately 38,000 users that are connected to the sewer system.
The sewer network of Maputo has a few critical parts which should be repaired as soon as possible, and better maintained in the future. First of all the pumping station of system two should be turned on. Before this is possible the sand in the sewers in front pumping station two must be removed and the pipes should stay clean. Sand and plastic bags ends up in the sewer system through drains or open manholes. To overcome clogging, drains and manholes have to be better maintained.
Another recommendation is to collect the wastewater being discharged by system one and convey it to the existing WWTP or to a new one. The municipality has plans for this but lacks financing.
All the water which is collected by system two is conveyed to the WWTP, but the WWTP is not functioning well. There is white slime in the effluent and colourful tarnish, which is a sign of bacteria being present in the effluent. The effluent is either directly used for irrigation of crops, which poses a risk for human health, or directed to the estuary.
At the moment there are detailed plans to introduce a sanitation fee, which is necessary to improve, operate and maintain the system. CRA has been working on introducing the fee for several years already and they expect to introduce it within the coming years.
The psychrometric constant is used to determine the relative humidity of air with help of a psychrometer. Previous research indicated that the psychrometric constant is in fact not constant and widely accepted equations cannot be applied in low wind speed conditions. In this research the relation between the psychrometric constant's value and ambient wind speed is determined, so existing equations can be adapted to low wind speed conditions.","","nl","student report","","","","","","Onderzoek uitgevoerd voor CT3016 Onderzoeksproject Minor Water Research.","","","","","","Civil Engineering","",""
"uuid:7a8d35c0-bdf0-409e-98be-5ed22f161f0a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7a8d35c0-bdf0-409e-98be-5ed22f161f0a","Delft3D model of the Ayeyarwady delta Myanmar","Attema, Y.H.; Hendriks, H.C.M.","Van Prooijen, B.C. (mentor)","2014","In 2013 and 2014, a hydrodynamic model for the Ayeyarwady delta was developed. This delta is located in the Southwestern part of Myanmar. Because it is prone to flooding and is also affected by salt intrusion during periods of low river discharge, it was chosen to develop a hydrodynamic model to gain more insight into the aforementioned phenomena. Understanding these phenomena is important since floods affect the safety of the people and salt intrusion impacts the quality of irrigation and drinking water. The main objective of this project is to develop a Delft3D model that can serve as a starting point for modelling these processes. This report will present the development of a 2D tidal model and validation of this model with locally measured data. Also, some preliminary results will be presented for 3D salt intrusion computations. Report I focuses on the setup and calibration of the hydrodynamic model and Report II mainly discusses the validation of the hydrodynamic model with available data.","Delft3D; Myanmar; Ayeyarwady; delta; hydrodynamic; model","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:fdf6bfe5-4a87-4c55-81c0-9d8aa6d865b9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fdf6bfe5-4a87-4c55-81c0-9d8aa6d865b9","The Framework for Integrated Water Management in the Thua Thien-Hue Province","Van Berchum, E.C.; Van Corven, T.A.W.; Hessels, T.M.; Kuijk, D.; Van Oosten, J.; Zorgdrager, A.","","2014","The Thua Thien-Hue province is located in the centre of Vietnam. It is characterized by the short distance between the mountains in the west and the coast of the South China Sea in the east. Two large rivers flow through the province, fed by multiple smaller rivers from the mountains. The Bo River flows through the northern part of the province and ends up in the Cau Hai lagoon. The Huong River is the largest of the two and flows through Hue city ending in the Cau Hai lagoon. The coastal zone of the Thua Thien-Hue province knows a lot of water related problems, like salt intrusion and drought in the dry season and both pluvial and alluvial flooding in the rainy season. Tackling these problems requires an integrated approach that considers all problems, functions and stakeholders. This project will aim to apply a Framework for Integrated Water Management to the Thua Thien-Hue province to minimize the water related problems in the future. This framework assigns different return periods for flooding per area. An area with a high population density will suffer more damage during a flood than a rice paddy, and should have a smaller chance of flooding in order to make the water defence system economically justifiable. This way, a map is created that indicates the desired chance on flooding throughout the coastal, flood prone area of the Thua Thien-Hue province. Using a SOBEK 2D model, the flooding can be simulated. The results from this model show that the amount of water that enters the area is too large to apply traditional protection by raising dikes. Also, most houses are built near the riverbanks, making the implementation of dikes problematic. Two possible solutions were considered. The first, consisting of two bypasses, showed unrealistic as the capacity of the second bypass was insufficient. The second scenario, called “Lake Hue”, uses a reservoir as a retention area during extreme events. A dam regulates the discharge towards Hue City while a spillway towards an area with a lower population density takes care of excess water. An initial cost benefit analysis, using the results from the SOBEK model, indicates a payback time of fifteen years. After the design lifetime of 50 years, the initial investment is returned twofold.","Vietnam; Hue; flood; river flood; SOBEK; watermanagement; Thua Thien-Hue; flood protection; Huong River; Central Vietnam","en","student report","TU Delft, department of Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:bb744c36-ffda-468a-837b-245ef650774c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bb744c36-ffda-468a-837b-245ef650774c","A first calibration of the one-dimensional model of the Nhat Le River basin","Rijkenberg, L.","Kerssens, P. (contributor); Verhagen, H.J. (contributor); Stive, M.J.F. (contributor); Tran, T.T. (contributor)","2013","This thesis provides a first draft of a one-dimensional model of the Nhat Le River Basin. The model is almost ready for use due to the short period of time. The model requires at least an adequate calibration before using. With this thesis a first start has been made. Eventually, with the model, the probability of water levels in the Nhat Le River (Quang Binh Province, Vietnam) can be estimated, which are needed for calculation of the embankments height along the Nhat Le River. In the beginning of the project this thesis had another research question. But at the start of the assignment the provided documents did not suffice due to missing and/or wrong drawings, wrong calculations and lack on key input. Some information should be bought and the newly presented documents never came or came too late. Although it didn’t work out as planned, a lot about the Vietnamese culture and organizational structure has been learned. The new research question was originated around the calculations of the newly proposed embankments along the Nhat Le River. The provided documents calculated the levels of the embankments with the old regulations. These calculations were based on the old Vietnamese regulations, which are not sufficient anymore. The new regulations require a one-dimensional model to estimate the highest water level in the river with different frequency floods. Due to the short period of time, the model is not yet ready for implementation. However some recommendations for optimization and further use of the model are given. The one-dimensional model is made with the computer software HEC-RAS. The Water Resources University Hanoi provided the required data, including boundary conditions and cross-sections. Data in Vietnam is not easy to obtain. It took a long time to get the proper information and support from different parties. Although, this assignment is a good first start of modelling the one-dimensional model. In order to establish the final one-dimensional model the following steps should be conducted: - More cross-sections along the Dia Giang and Kien Giang river branches in order to determine the correct slopes of the river branches; - Development of the Dia Giang and Kien Giang river branches with wider cross-sections, including floodplains and storage areas; - Calibration of the Dia Giang river branch; - Calibration of the whole Nhat Le river Branch; - Implementation of the My Trung sluice in the Kien Giang river branch; - Data of different frequency floods in the Dia Giang and Kien Giang river branch to estimate the different high water levels in the main of Nhat Le river in different scenarios; - Clearness about the positions of the newly constructed embankments.","Nhat Le River; Vietnam; one-dimensional model; Asian Development Bank; Dong Hoi; River Engineering","en","student report","","","","","","","","2013-12-20","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Hydraulic Engineering","",""
"uuid:cdcb71d8-c84e-4827-8fd6-4c8d674a60d5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cdcb71d8-c84e-4827-8fd6-4c8d674a60d5","Afsluitdijk upgrading, non typical Dutch solutions","Arecco, P.; Li, Y.; Miranda Eguez, C.; Ruiz Fuentes, M.J.","","2013","The Afsluitdijk (Enclosure Dam) is a major causeway in the Netherlands, which was constructed between 1927 and 1933, running from Den Oever on Wieringen in North Holland province, to the village of Zurich in Friesland province. The dam is 32 kilometers long and 90 m wide, with an initial height of 7.25 m above sea-level and a slope of 1:4 (original slope, now 1:3.6) on each side (Rijkswaterstaat, 2009). After 80 years of successful performance, expected changes in boundary conditions and an increase of safety requirements make necessary to think of an adaptation of the structure, so it can perform its function in the future. Rijkswaterstaat has decided to adopt an overtopping resistant solution which provides the required protection until the year 2050. This project is aiming to define and propose a new non-typical Dutch dike configuration which needs to comply with Employer’s Requirements. As a starting point, an existing cross section from the Afsluitdijk is used. Mean Waddenzee bottom elevation at the Afsluitdijk is between -4.0m to -5.0m, NAP referred. For every possible new configuration, -5.0m is adopted trying to perform a representative design. In the intermediate design, several non-typical Dutch solutions have been defined trying to cover a wide range of options. Twelve feasible alternatives have been evaluated during the Intermediate Design. Then, a comparison among them is done by means of a multi-criteria analysis, together with cost estimations. As a result, the two more favourable alternatives, design 4 and design 10, were selected. In the final stage, further studies were done for both selected alternatives, which were contrasted with Rijkswaterstaat adopted solution (OverTopping resistant solution). Design 10 is the most advantageous of the proposed solutions. However, current politics dominant way of thinking is directly influencing Rijkswaterstaat standards and procedures. Consequently, possible solutions should be the less expensive ones. As a major conclusion, this report is proposing Rijkswaterstaat to think over the whole life cycle of the structures. This could lead to introduce more flexibility and adaptability into the designs (robust designs including future planned adaptation). Finally, is up to the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment to decide whether providing advantages to future generations is worth a larger investment.","Afsluitdijk; revetment","en","student report","TU Delft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:da5e8895-b950-46b0-b33f-0293d7cfa57c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da5e8895-b950-46b0-b33f-0293d7cfa57c","DaRen: A multi-purpose 3D indoor navigation application","Van Winden, K.B.A.; Onrust, B.; Van der Laan, E.; Kruminaite, M.; Makri, A.; Xu, W.; Liu, H.","","2013","This is the final report of the 2013 Synthesis Project of MSc Geomatics. The research is about the possibilities of creating the DaRen application: ""A multi-purpose 3D indoor navigation application"".","3D; indoor; navigation; application; geomatics; final; report","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","Geomatics","","","",""
"uuid:efcd0494-2ee4-4d3d-8ae3-494daa7ea357","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:efcd0494-2ee4-4d3d-8ae3-494daa7ea357","Fieldwork coastal engineering: Varna, Bulgaria","Arecco, P.; Van Leeuwen, Y.; Brouwer, M.; Miranda, C.; Curto, V.; Piccoli, C.; Dobochinski, J.; Van Steijn, P.; Friedman, J.; Weeda, T.; Fuentes, M.; Winde, E.; Groenenberg, X.; Wit, M.; Kolijn, D.; Tiseh, I.; Angelov, D.; Nacheva, D.; Marinov, K.; Petkov, S.","","2013","One of these resort areas lies in the town of St. Konstantine I Elelna, where Hotel Sirius and hotel Azalea are built very close to the waterline. These hotels are dependent on their neighbouring beaches for the attraction of tourism and for the structural safety of their buildings. Therefore, they want an estimation of the erosion of the beaches in the area. To accomplish this, the waterline and cross sections at the beaches around the hotels are measured, wave data is measured and the breakwater south of the area is analysed. The second area of interest is Asparuhovo beach, where similar research is done as in Saint Konstantine and Elelna. For the client, Asparuhovo council, the waterline and cross sections at the beach are measured, sand samples are analysed and the breakwater north of the beach is analysed. The final subject is the construction of artificial islands at the southern bank of Varna Lake. These islands should form a natural area and should compensate for constructions at the northern bank of the lake. In order to determine the feasibility of the plan, the bathymetry of the area is measured and the availability of proper sized rocks in a local quarry is investigated.","Fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria; Constanta","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a45c8087-40f1-48ae-b462-dc51830aa9bb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a45c8087-40f1-48ae-b462-dc51830aa9bb","Jamaica’s new transshipment port","Van den Akker, P.; Brands, M.; Buijs, W.; Hamilton, L.","","2013","When the new locks of the Panama Canal are finished in 2015 Post Panamax vessels are able to sail through the Panama Canal. This will increase the container traffic intensity through the Caribbean. China Harbour Engineering Company (CHEC) wants to anticipate on this expansion of the Panama Canal by investing in a US$1.5 billion transshipment port in the Caribbean. Jamaica is an interesting location to realize this port, because of its ideal central position in the Caribbean and its location lies in the doorway of the Panama Canal. CHEC aims for the Goat Islands in Jamaica as their location for the new port. Normally the Jamaican government welcomes foreign investments of CHEC with open arms, but the Goat Islands are an environmentally protected area. Recently, this led to many complains by environmentalists. The new port can only be successful if it has a good competitive position with respect to other ports. The new port in Jamaica is a location with high potency to accommodate the container vessels which have ports at the East Coast of North America as destination. To attract shipping companies to the new transshipment port in Jamaica the price and efficiency of the new port must be competitive with other ports. As the new port of Jamaica doesn’t have a large hinterland and focusses mainly on transshipment, shipping companies are not bounded to Jamaica and can switch easily to other ports. The most competitive ports are Mariel (Cuba) and Freeport (the Bahamas). This report proposes designs and alternative locations for the new port. To find the ideal location for a new port in Jamaica different potential areas are selected and studied. The first steps resulted in sixteen possible locations for the port. Two Multi Criteria Analyses (MCA’s) resulted in a selection of four locations. Those possible locations for the new port are: the Goat Islands, Jackson Bay, Maccary Bay, and Little Bay. The best location is not found, because all the four locations are well-matched for their designed level of detail. Therefore the recommendation is made that all the four locations should be designed in a higher level of detail, so the decision makers can make well informed choices for the people of Jamaica. Because the media attention, the Jamaican government, and CHEC are more focusing on the Goat Islands than on the other locations, the location Goat Islands is designed further into detail. For designing the port the total surface of the port of 12 km2 is divided into port area for transshipment (4 km2) and area for the use of industry (8 km2). The transshipment area has a quay length of 3 kilometer, which provides enough berthing space to handle seven Post Panamax ships and one Panamax ship simultaneously. The maximum expected throughput of 7 million TEU per year is found. The transshipment area is also designed into further detail. Super Post Panamax ship-to-shore cranes, multi trailer systems and rail mounted gantry cranes are most suitable for the port. The hinterland connection is also designed. A road connection is needed and a railway connection is designed as an option. The industrial surface can be used for many different facilities. These facilities are the assembling of gantry cranes for the Americas and creating cement and steel for export purposes. These activities need quay length which is included in the design of the total layout. Also space is reserved for a manufacturing facility, a logistics center, a LNG power plant, and a major IT facility. The extreme wave conditions for the new port are investigated to come up with the design loads. Extreme waves with a return period of 1/200 years give a surge level of 2.0 meter and wave heights of 4.0 meters at the port entrance. Behind the port is found a higher surge level of 2.5 meters. Next to the extreme conditions the downtime of the port due to waves is established. Tropical storms are not strong enough to cause downtime, because of the sheltered area of Portland Bight. Only during hurricanes the port is not operational. The economical, social, and environmental impacts of the new port are described. For the new port the most favorable port model and a finance scheme are found. A private service port model with full concession in combination with a Build, Operate, and Transfer contract (BOT) is advised. The land will still be owned by the Jamaican government, but CHEC will fulfill both the functions of port authority and port operator. An environmental impact assessment has to be performed, because there are more issues besides the destruction of Little Goat Island, harming the fish sanctuary, and the impact on the total Portland Bight. Also these three issues should be investigated in detail. A SWOT analysis is carried out to find the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The main opportunity and threat is the change in expected throughput. To deal with this uncertainty an adaptive port planning is designed.","Jamaica; port planning; container port; master project report","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering - Transport and Planning","","","",""
"uuid:be4eb303-0e7f-4891-b7ec-42fb0f9aaf74","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:be4eb303-0e7f-4891-b7ec-42fb0f9aaf74","Water quality modelling of a mangrove system in Singapore","Hekstra, M.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Bayen, S. (mentor)","2013","Modelling contaminants in the Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve using Delft3D-WAQ results in useful data on residence times. Since measurements in the field are often not possible due to either safety hazards or ecological implications, the water quality model provides comprehensive data to analyse the behaviour of flow and contaminants and with that the residence time of these contaminants. The goal of this research was to define a workable definition of the residence time for contaminants in Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve and to use Delft3D to identify several situations in which concentration would become dangerously high or remain high for an extended period of time, to start with a simple conservative substance. The residence time is the time it takes for 95% of the mass input to leave the control region without returning at a later phase of the tide. The control region is defined as the Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve, covering the wetland areas and channels and leaving out the sea. In order to identify critical situations, several scenarios were set up and assessed for their influence on the flow of the contaminants. A conservative contaminant was modelled. The scenarios comprised several possible important tidal factors – release during high or lower water, spring or neap tide – and the importance of the entrance location of the contamination. In addition, the model representation of the vegetation was changed from the use of a higher Manning roughness value to the use of a directional point model. The results show that in general, the residence time of contaminants is lower when the discharge happens with high water and during spring tide, while a discharge of contamination with low water and during neap tide increases the residence time. The use of the directional point model instead of an adapted Manning’s roughness representation generally decreases the residence times. Although only a conservative tracer was modelled, it is possible to say something about other tracers by superposition of properties; interest in detailed behaviour of specific substances could demand further exploration of these substances though. The water quality model used in this research can be used for that.","magroves; water quality","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:c334b017-4c4c-4a70-b28c-dceca6e04131","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c334b017-4c4c-4a70-b28c-dceca6e04131","Hydrodynamic modelling of a mangrove system in Singapore","Broekema, Y.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Bayen, S. (mentor)","2013","Modelling tidal dynamics in mangrove systems is of great use in studying effects of vegetation on flow and may prove to be a useful tool to support the management of mangrove areas. Since there are lots of limitations on obtaining field data inside mangrove forests, numerical models are indispensable to analyse the effects of changes in mangrove forest parameters on hydrodynamics and vice versa.This research is performed to gain insight in the performance of different vegetation model representations and to apply them in a model of a real mangrove area, Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve. Vegetation imposes an extra source term of friction in the momentum equation in the form of a drag force. Different model representations to include the extra friction induced by vegetation on the flow are tested in this research. The first approach is the ‘classical’ way of specifying vegetation: the influence of the increased friction is simply taken into account by increasing the bed friction. The second approach of specifying vegetation is by using the directional point model. This approach models vegetation as a set of rigid cylinders in the flow, where the density and diameter of these cylinders may vary over the depth. Both different model representations have first been tested in highly simplified test-cases to get a first feel on the performance of these model representations and to get familiar with using them. Before including vegetation in the model of Sungei Buloh, first some adaptations to the existing model were made. The existing model inhibited some instabilities in the velocity field, that where caused by some errors in the grid and in the bathymetry. Therefore the grid and bathymetry were adapted to overcome these instabilities, with good results. The vegetation is added in this adapted model in the two different ways described above, and both 2D and 3D modeling is tested for these vegetation inclusions. The added mangrove vegetation results in a significant decrease in horizontal depth averaged flow velocity in the northern part of the model domain, whereas the southern part is barely influenced by the vegetation. An explanation for this is found by looking at the order of magnitude of the different terms in the momentum equation. It turns out that in the northern part of Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve the order of magnitude of the drag force imposed by vegetation is of the same order as the other dominant terms in the momentum equation, while in the southern part of Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve the order of magnitude of the drag force is smaller than the other dominant terms. It is also observed that vegetation does not only alter the depth averaged velocity, but also changes the vertical structure of the horizontal velocity. When looking at the performance of different vegetation representations, the use of increased bed roughness and the use of the directional point model deliver completely different results. Part of that can be assigned to calibration of the Manning’s coefficient (which is done simultaneously while running the 3D model due to time limitations), but that does not cover the whole explanation. Bed roughness and drag force (induced by vegetation) are taken separately in the momentum equation, and it turns out that when the influence of drag is relatively low increasing the bed roughness delivers completely different predictions of the flow velocity than the directional point model. If the influence of the bed roughness is not negligible in the momentum equation, then increasing the bed roughness will influence the flow strongly, as opposed to the directional point model that only exerts a (relatively small) drag force on the water column due to vegetation. From the results also the difference between 2D depth averaged modelling and 3D modelling becomes clear. It is more accurate to run the model in 3D instead of 2D, because in 3D also the effect of vegetation on the turbulence is taken into account, as opposed to only the extra drag force that is taken into account in 2D depth averaged modelling. Furthermore, 2D depth averaged modelling introduces large errors when considering fully submerged vegetation. Therefore, to accurately model the influence of vegetation in a mangrove system, it is recommended to use a three dimensional model with vegetation specified by the directional point model.","mangrove; vegetation","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a59d5b16-6120-4fcb-90db-ba23f11f216d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a59d5b16-6120-4fcb-90db-ba23f11f216d","Manado: A Developing Coast","Tenthof van Noorden, C.; Vermeij, D.; Van Zuijlen, J.; Zeelenberg, W.","","2013","Manado, the capital city of North Sulawesi in Indonesia, is rapidly developing. The last years Manado has been extending into the sea, which changed the hydraulics and morphology of Manado Bay. This had negative effects on the currents, inducing erosion along the coast. Also Manado has problems with the presence of garbage in the rivers and river flooding. Now the municipality is planning to build a new reclamation, which might even increase these problems. Based on the requests of our client Mr. Assa, head of the Planning Department of the City Manado, the following project goal has been formulated. eThe goal of the project is to give a research]based advice on the erosive and littering influences on Manadofs surrounding nature, induced by hydraulic and morphological changes caused by the planned land reclamation, and to describe measures to mitigate the detrimental effects to support Manado's vision of becoming a model city of ecotourism. The to be constructed land reclamation is expected to have the following effects on its environment: 1) Sedimentation and garbage settlement at the mouth of Tondano River are likely to happen. This will lead to an increase of flood risk upstream. Which can be prevented by dredging the river mouth; 2) Both sedimentation and erosion are expected near the Tumumpa Dua coastline. By implementing a beach in the reclamation design the sedimentation can be used beneficial and also the erosion will be stopped; 3) Increased erosion and mangrove retreat due to the construction of the new land reclamation is not expected. But a cure for the existing erosion and mangrove retreat is proposed and designed; 4) The proposed canal between the existing coastline and the new land reclamation is expected to be silted within a few years. Placing the canal above sea level can prevent this. A new reclamation will have large influences on the environment of Manado Bay. Sedimentation and garbage settlement at several spots around the reclamation are likely, coral reefs will be affected during its construction and higher water levels on Tondano are also expected. All the researched negative effects of the planned land reclamation can be prevented or mitigated separately by above mentioned measures. But failure to implement one of these preventing or mitigating measures will result in a large threat for the people or the environment of Manado. This risk might only be justified if a demand for further city expansion has been proven and if all other development options for unused land within Manado city and less preferably the mountainous hinterland have been excluded.","Manado; Sulawesi; Indonesia; land reclamation; domestic waste handling; master project report","en","student report","TU Delft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:524577a1-cce6-4fe3-ab84-00298b420559","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:524577a1-cce6-4fe3-ab84-00298b420559","Development of case studies in the Hue area to be used in the English language course at WRU Hanoi","Van der Neut, E.M.; Van Zuylen, J.A.; Verduijn, M.; Nederhoff, C.M.; Van der Zwaag, J.","","2013","The Thua Thien-Hue province, and especially the area around the city of Hue, is characterized by a small distance between mountains in the west and a flat coast with a coastal barrier in the east. The largest river in the area, the Huong river, flows through the city of Hue and is used for fishery, tourism, sand mining, sewage system and trashcan. The city of Hue is a touristic city and holds an old Imperial City, a quite old sewage system and a lot of agricultural activity in the surroundings, especially the rice paddies around and the fishery in the Cau Hai lagoon. Due to the short distance between mountains and coast, in combination with a distinct wet and dry season and high average precipitation rates, a lot of challenges concerning water related problems can be identified in the Hue area. For the Water Resources University in Hanoi 22 of those problems (cases) are indicated, to provide future students a topic for their graduation work and presented in the Cases Report by this project group. The selection of cases is performed by talking to different experts in the fields of Disaster Management, Coastal Engineering and Water Management; talking to students of the university and by visiting the actual project area. In this field visit most of the case locations are visited to get a better view on the current state of the problem. All observations are stated in the Field Work Report of this project group. Although the cases are presented as individual problems, a lot of relations between the problems exist e.g. salt intrusion is influenced by reservoir regulation, while the stability of the inlets is related to the sediment balance of the area. These relations are used to emphasize the need for an integral and multidisciplinary approach towards the individual cases: every proposed solution needs to take into account the impact on other processes in the area. The cases 'Reservoirs and Dams' and 'Stability of the Thuan An inlet' are elaborated to function as a reference for future students, by applying the steps of the Engineering Process. There are four major dams in the area around the city of Hue, each with their own regulation scheme. Another dam, the Ta Trach dam, is currently being constructed. The Binh Dien dam, which is already in operation since 2009, and the Ta Trach dam have a major influence on the upstream discharge of the Huong river and require complex regulation schemes. This is enhanced due to the parallel positon of the dams: they are located in two different branches of the Huong river. The problems are complex due to conflicting interests from several stakeholders: most reservoirs are used for waterpower generation, which conflicts with for example flood control and water supply purposes. In 2009 this conflicting interests led to a severe flooding in Hue, when the Binh Dien reservoir needed emergency discharges to reassure the safety of the dam itself. In this research four main functions have been assigned to the Binh Dien and Ta Trach dams; hydropower generation, flood control, water supply and regulation of salt intrusion in the Huong river mouth. From these functions several requirements regarding the reservoir discharge over time have been obtained from a literature study. The requirements have been applied to both dams in different scenarios, after which some general conclusions could be stated. It appeared that the Binh Dien cannot fulfil the requirements on its own, but that with the future Ta Trach dam in operation enough capacity will be available for the water supply and salt intrusion requirements. With the combined reservoirs even more hydropower could be generated than currently without the Ta Trach dam. However, the flood control requirement appears to have major conflicts with respect to other main function requirements, and will be difficult to properly implement in reality without making concessions in the other functions. In history, the Thuan An inlet has always been a morphologically active inlet, with several openings and closures. The coast surrounding the inlet is a wave dominated coast; and while the inlet is accreting during dry season, it 'flushes' during the wet season. In 2012 several breakwaters and jetties have been built to stabilize the inlet, with limited success due to bad placement of the structures as a whole and failing armour units. For this case the stabilizing criteria are based on the guarantee that a CEMT III class vessel can navigate through the inlet for the coming 30 years. Three solutions are proposed: dredging, extending the current south breakwater and a combination of the previous two. To assess the solutions use is made of the process based model Delft3D. The grid of the model is provided by Lam (2007), and by applying wave- and wind conditions, sediment concentrations and discharge characteristics, a prediction towards the future behaviour could be made. To reduce the time to run the model to one overnight computation, input reduction and morphological factors are applied. From the scenarios dredging seems to be the most appropriate solution, in which the maximum dredging interval (before the inlet becomes unnavigable) is 3 years. Beside the fact that dredging does not need new construction works, it is also the most flexible towards extreme accretion due to extreme weather events. This last reason lead to an advised dredging interval of one year, although the total amount of dredged material in 30 years is larger than dredging every 3 years (17.7 Mm3 versus 13.8 Mm3), it provides the highest flexibility. However, before implementing the solution further research should be performed by improving the quality and accuracy of the model. This is possible by reducing the input reduction, apply a lower morphological factor and by doing longer computations in order to oversee the full effects. Finally, the applied model used a too coarse grid near the shoreline to analyse the precise effects on the coastal area, therefore the grid size near the shore should be reduced.","Hue; coastal zone management; water management; disaster management; intgrated water resources management; reservoirs; coastal erosion","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:9aa06388-b468-423b-a240-51d3c227ceb8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9aa06388-b468-423b-a240-51d3c227ceb8","A Multidisciplinary approach to Tsunami Risk Management: A proposal for a framework based on a case study of Iquique","Van Blokland, J.; De Groot, P.; Rot, M.; Wieringa, S.; Wijnands, R.","","2013","In this multidisciplinary project a proposal for a framework for tsunami risk management in Chile, has been developed. This was done using Iquique in the north of Chile as a case study. Solutions for improvement of current practice have been searched within specific activity areas of hazard management: prediction, mitigation and response. Prediction concerns the available intelligence on the chance of occurrence and the related force of the tsunami event. For this, earthquake (and resulting tsunami) scenarios have been defined and modeled with NeoWave in order to establish probable boundary conditions for the rest of the research. A scenario based on the conditions described by [Chlieh et al., 2011b], with a Mw. 8.8, turned out to have the worst results (runup of 12m max, inundation of almost 10m max, and arrival time less than 12 min). Based on these results estimations have been made of the number of people at risk and economic damage. The number of people at risk was derived from zonal data from [SINTIA, 2010] and resulted in at least 12,500 people living in inundated areas. Direct economic damage was derived using fragility curves [Mas et al., 2012b] and building value estimations [Blong, 2001], and resulted in 14:90M damage in an Iquique downtown area and 142M damage in the Zofri shopping mall area. For mitigation of tsunami effects, prevention of the tsunami event (e.g. by means of breakwaters) has not been taken into account. Focus has been on city evacuation, possible slope failures of infrastructure, and possibilities of vertical evacuation. For city evacuation remarkable differences between inundation maps from SHOA, ONEMI, the Municipality of Iquique, and our model results were indicated, from which the cause is not clear. An optimistic calculation on evacuation possibilities of the Zofri shopping mall has shown that only 6,000 people (from 10,000 people present during peak hour) could escape. A slope failure analysis of the main exit from the Zofri area and the highway A16 has indicated that both slopes are instable. Additional geo analyses pointed out that safety zones in higher grounds are stable, that there's a lack of knowledge on liquefaction of quaywalls (which could be troublesome for port evacuation routes), and that scouring of sidewalks is likely (however it will not occur during evacuation). An initial analysis on high buildings in Iquique resulted in 56 buildings that have been examined for vertical evacuation and two areas that lack any possibilities for vertical evacuation (Zofri and the port). An hydraulic load analysis has been done, based on both NeoWave model results and analytical approach. After a comparative stability analysis with available criteria for seismic loads, 21 buildings in Iquique were marked as suitable for vertical evacuation.","Tsunami; earthquake; mitigation","en","student report","TU Delft, Departments Hydraulic Engineering - Geoscience & Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geoscience & Engineering - Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-20.216875, -70.152341"
"uuid:ca18c275-8b8b-4251-9add-094bba8eb230","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ca18c275-8b8b-4251-9add-094bba8eb230","Kribi port project in Cameroon (Caen Workshop Maritime & Port Engineering)","Kolijn, D.","Verhagen, H.J. (contributor); Carpentier, G. (contributor)","2013","The workshop is based around the development of a brand new port facility in Cameroon (West Africa) south of the Mboro cape at Kribi. The client supplied a large collection of data in order to perform a complete assessment of the area including a full metocean study, geotechnical investigation, breakwater and port facility design, vessel fleet analysis, construction feasibility exercise, port layout of both dry and wet infrastructure, and a physical modelling campaign to test and observe the selected breakwater configuration. In addition, a large variety of software and computational tools were provided, inducing TOMAWAC, Refonde, ROBOT and TALRIN. These programs were taught by visiting guest lectures and support staff at ESITC Caen. The nature and use of these programs in the project will be discussed in the following report. Besides the extensive technical support during the workshop and involvement in the project work, a series of technical visits were also arranged. The report describes the technical visits and lessons learnt in detail. The locations that were visited were the Port of Le Havre, a perforated breakwater at Granville, dredging works at Mont-Saint Michelle, the inland port of Blainville, a Ro-Ro terminal and breakwater at Ouistreham, and finally the transhipment port of Honfleur. These visits built a physical understanding of many of the elements discussed in the workshop. In addition to absorbing many technical details at each of these locations, the visits were also meant to promote French society, and working culture. Various tours with architects, historians and civil engineering experts were arranged.","port design; breakwater; model studies","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:773f064e-f98b-407e-ae69-a8f0fc0fed88","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:773f064e-f98b-407e-ae69-a8f0fc0fed88","Design of the Muong Chuoi Barrier","Van Vliegen, K.; Van Oorschot, N.; Meinen, N.; Van Dijk, S.; Reimert, Z.","","2013","Ho Chi Minh City has to deal with severe flooding in the rainy season. To prevent the city from this flooding, MARD set up plan 1547. The main idea of the plan is to build a ring dike around HCMC in combination with several movable tidal barriers. One of these barriers is the Muong Chuoi Barrier. In this report a conceptual design of the Muong Chuoi Barrier is made. The structure consists of a movable tidal barrier and a navigation lock, both able to bear the water in both directions. The navigation lock provides a possibility of vessels passing when the barrier is closed. In the preliminary research information is gained about the location properties, the soil conditions, the hydraulic conditions and the shipping class, which results in a basis of design. An analysis of diffrent gate and foundation types give a number of possible alternatives. Vietnamese unit prices are investigated and used to make a proper cost estimation of the different alternatives. The most important requirements from the basis of design are: the normative high water level, the water discharge of the Muong Chuoi river, the shipping class, the number of vessels passing every day and minimum life span of the structure. After a selection between all the possible solutions, that follow from the preliminary research, four alternatives are worked out, which are a combination between two gate types, a lifting gate and a radial gate, and two foundation types, a caisson foundation and foundation with combi wall and underwater concrete. By means of structural calculations, the quantities of the materials used are determined. Based on these results and the unit prices from the preliminary research, a cost estimation of every alternative is made. In the multi criteria analysis for the barrier, the most important factor are the costs, its weighing factor is 50%. Other criteria are: maintenance, constructability, usability and environmental impact. After the multi criteria analysis, the best alternative is alternative D, the radial gate in combination the combi wall foundation. The study of alternatives for the navigation lock focuses only on the lock head. Again a selection is made between the possible solutions that follow from the preliminary research. Four types are selected for the multi criteria analysis: mitre gates, single leaf gates, lifting gates and rolling or sliding gates. One of the most important criteria for the navigation lock are cost (35%). Also the usability (35%) is considered to be important, in particular the locking cycle and reliability. After the multi criteria analysis, the best alternative is the single leave gate. A conceptual design for the lock is created. The inner dimensions of the lock chamber are determined, the structural elements are designed and an structural calculation of the single leave gate is made.","Vietnam; Ho Chi Minh City; tidal barrier; codes","en","student report","TU Delft, department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering and Structural Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:0989d94e-38de-4426-90aa-3edd859784dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0989d94e-38de-4426-90aa-3edd859784dc","The future of Bocagrande","Wanders, G.; Van Velzen, B.; Scholtes, O.; Van Leeuwen, Y.; Henry, E.","","2013","Most hotels in the touristic city of Cartagena, Colombia are in Bocagrande. Bocagrande is coping with several issues which affect the social economic value of the peninsula. Flooding, coastal erosion, overtopping waves and lack of accessibility are the general issues mentioned by the stakeholders. They all seem to be interrelated and therefore all these issues are taken into account in this project. In order to capture the overall problem that will be investigated in this study the following research question is formulated: What is the best integral solution for Bocagrande, concerning the problems of coastal erosion, flooding, overtopping waves and lack of accessibility, in order to secure the social and economic value that the peninsula has for the city of Cartagena? One of the major issues is the poor accessibility of Bocagrande. Since the increase of hotels and apartment buildings, nothing as been done to the infrastructure. There is one road that connects the peninsula to the city, of which the capacity is too low for the amount of traffic, resulting in congestion. This gets even worse when the streets are flooded. There are two types of floods, small scale and large scale. Small scale flooding happens every month on a part of Bocagrande, the bayside, due to high tide. This small scale flooding decreases the velocity and the capacity of the roads. There is no protection and no drainage system so the sea water can only be discharged with low tide. The sea water also causes damage to cars and property, since the basements of the hotels and apartments get flooded. Heavy precipitation also causes small scale flooding and decreases the road capacity and velocity. When high tide and heavy precipitation coincide with storm conditions, large scale flooding occur, which means that the whole of Bocagrande is flooded. The peninsula is then completely cut off from the city and nobody can leave or enter the peninsula without a boat. This integral solution consists of the following parts: 1) Construction of a berm and a raise of the seawall near Punta Santo Domingo to reduce overtopping. This will reduce damage to the road and increase accessibility by making both of the two lanes available. 2) A wall with vegetated dunes along the seaside coast of Bocagrande will reduce future erosion and prevent flooding. The resulting availability of a beach during the tourist season will add value for the hotels, restaurants and the small vendors. 3) Construction of T groynes and nourishment near El Laguito create a beach, preventing flooding and reducing erosion. The beach restores the old situation where restaurants are located. lt also protects the buildings from damage due to erosion. 4) Filling the lake on El Laguito economically solves the degrading water quality problem and adds valuable land to Bocagrande. 5) A wall along the bayside of Bocagrande prevents flooding which reduces the amount of damage to property behind the wall and increases the road capacity. 6) The accessibility of Bocagrande increases by the previous solutions. However constructing a tunnel from Bocagrande to Manga increases the accessibility even more. The increase of accessibility of Bocagrande, decreases the total travel time. The integral solution covers all the problem areas indicated by the system analyses and secures the social and economic value of Bocagrande by limiting the effects and adding value where possible.","Cartagena; traffic; flooding; tourism","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering, Construction Management and Engineering, Transport and Planning","","","",""
"uuid:b0a55121-78fc-4fed-aad7-47dc1d378477","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b0a55121-78fc-4fed-aad7-47dc1d378477","HELP! How do I Use BREEAM","Boonstra, D.","","2013","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The BRE Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM)can be used to measure and certify the buildings environmental performance. This book aims to provide readers with a basic understanding of BREEAM, by answering several questions, like what is the background of sustainability? How does BREEAM work? What are sustainability issues described in BREEAM? And how is BREEAM implemented in practice? This book is written for anyone interested in understanding how BREEAM works, and is specically aimed at first-time BREEAM users. Users of this book can be architects, ‘non-sustainability’ building professionals (for example structural engineers) and students. However, this book can also be used by project developers, clients and project managers. This guide is focused on the Norwegian BREEAM but is useful for all BREEAM-versions.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:4c457b14-d36e-48a6-8b85-4bc714adbae8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4c457b14-d36e-48a6-8b85-4bc714adbae8","An architect's guide to sustainable energy generation","Wijtsma, D.","","2013","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. A short and concise overview of the different types of systems that provide a renewable source of energy for a building seems to be missing. This guide attempts to fill the gap and to provide answers to such questions. A comparison of the energy generating systems makes it easy to select a ""best"" option. Key information like expected investment return time is provided together with salient advantages and disadvantages.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:7bb1a01c-4e35-4ac0-9c5a-9b03cf093541","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7bb1a01c-4e35-4ac0-9c5a-9b03cf093541","Tourist Port Havana","Van der Biezen, T.F.; Kuhlman, W.; Schoen, J.J.; Stam, G.N.; Witteman, D.","","2013","To achieve economic growth, the intentions of Cuba are to focus on tourism. The current facilities of the Port of Havana are however in a state of heavy decay and the city is not able to receive tourists travelling by yacht or ferry. For this reason the master plan Tourist Port Havana has been created. The objective is to find a feasible solution in the Havana Bay to receive large numbers of tourists that will visit the city by yacht or ferry. This has resulted in the design of Marina La Coubre, which holds enough berths for 276 yachts of varying sizes, and the design of Havana International Ferry Terminal. With its four berths, the ferry terminal can process ferry lines connecting Havana and for instance Key West, Miami, Tampa, the Bahamas or Cancún. The Ensenada de Atarés in the west of the Bay of Havana is a prime location for both components. The location is close to the historic city centre of Havana, and sufficient area is available on land as well as on water. From a hydrodynamic point of view, the Atarés bay is suitable due to the absence of currents that can be of hindrance to yachts. Locally generated wind waves are however of concern and to ensure the quality of Marina La Coubre a floating breakwater is required. The roads around the port are adapted so the extra generated traffic can be distributed without blocking the through flow. Marina La Coubre is connected to a new roundabout, with a layout that increases the traffic safety. Traffic towards the Havana International Ferry Terminal is rerouted to increase the capacity of the network. Marina La Coubre and Havana International Ferry Terminal are two great assets to the city of Havana and fit neatly in the master plan Tourist Port Havana. The designed components ensure that the port will be able to receive large numbers of tourists visiting the city by yacht or ferry. When evaluating the project, there are however some challenges that arise. The nautical analysis has shown that due to an increase in nautical traffic in the bay, the entrance channel becomes a bottleneck. If the Port of Havana decides to focus on tourism, the attractiveness of the port as a destination for cargo vessels decreases significantly. A decision should be made whether the future of the Port of Havana is as a tourist port or a cargo port. This report makes clear that a combination of both will lead to conflict. The financial and economic evaluations of the project show that without incorporating indirect effects to the local economy, the project has limited viability. Financial support by the government is however justified, as the project generates extra value to the society.","Cuba; Ferry terminal; Marina","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering, Section Transport and Planning","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering; Transport and Planning","","","",""
"uuid:257b946d-1adc-43e6-97f4-5404ab48d6db","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:257b946d-1adc-43e6-97f4-5404ab48d6db","Green Athina: A guide for applying greenery on existing apartment buildings in Athens","Kaskareli, M.","","2013","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The 'polikatikia' building type makes up for 80% of the built environment in Athens; a concrete structure multi-storey apartment building type. The aim of this manual is to provide clear information on how greenery can be applied optimally on existing 'polikatikia' buildings.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:6a319315-4301-486c-9002-d3f2ef6efa9f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6a319315-4301-486c-9002-d3f2ef6efa9f","Green values: Facts and figures for your design with green","Haagen, H.C.J.","","2013","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Green does not only have an aesthetic value in building design, there are also problems present in the urban environment that can be contested by the integration of green in buildings. This manual is written for those who are interested in integrating green in the built environment: architects or users. It focuses on facts and effects: facts, values and figures show what each kind of green can do in the built environment.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:e2d0811f-3861-45aa-96bd-034ae906cc2f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e2d0811f-3861-45aa-96bd-034ae906cc2f","Sustainable design in hot-humid climate: A case study in Karatu, Tanzania","Rota, M.","","2013","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The contrast between regionalism and globalism continues to dominate the debate in architecture. Building design has to reflect the regional character, while often architects are more concerned with fashionable forms rather than find solutions inherent to the climate. For this reason the purpose of this manual is to provide information about climate, building technology and especially the available materials taking as an example Karatu, north Tanzania.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:81bce9c4-caa5-4c01-b3e2-981eb4411610","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:81bce9c4-caa5-4c01-b3e2-981eb4411610","Biogas: Energy is not a waste of time","Polit, D.J.","","2013","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The use of biogas has gained importance in recent years, since it is compatible to the environment, and cheap or free raw materials are available. It can also be a good substitute energy source for the more expensive petroleum products for everyday activities. Biodigesters provide a relatively simple alternative for waste management. This document can be used as a starting guide in the use of biogas: basic information for implementation, architectural criteria examples are provided.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:4ee589bf-4550-474d-a6e0-efcf656f19d6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4ee589bf-4550-474d-a6e0-efcf656f19d6","Mfolozi floodplain flood management","Van Loon, P.; Olij, D.; Osmanoglou, D.; Stuij, S.; Tuinhof, T.; Veraart, S.","","2013","The Mfolozi Floodplain is situated in the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa and is part of Africa’s largest estuarine system: the St Lucia system. This estuarine system forms the main part of the iSimangaliso Wetland, which is a World Heritage Site of UNESCO. Since the beginning of the twentieth century the Mfolozi Floodplain is under intensive sugarcane cultivation. This sugarcane cultivation has led to different management strategies of the Mfolozi River and mouth. The mouth of the Mfolozi River has been separated from the St Lucia Mouth for a long period, which led to hyper saline conditions in the St Lucia Lake in times of drought. To guarantee fresh water supply to the St Lucia system the estuary is recently (July 2012) connected to the Mfolozi Mouth via a Beach Channel, resulting in a system with a single shared mouth. If this mouth is closed water backs up on the Mfolozi Floodplain. The main goal of this project can be defined as: “Investigation and development of a flood management system for the Mfolozi Floodplain, considering the fresh water supply to the St Lucia Lake in times of drought.” An important issue for the development of this flood management system is the presence of two groups of stakeholders with conflicting interests. The first group is the ‘green’ group that consists of the iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority, Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife and the GEF project. The management part of the park is done by the iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority and the executive part by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife. In 2008 the iSimangaliso Wetland Park Authority was granted a trust fund by the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) to investigate and improve the management strategy for the St Lucia system. The second group is the ‘blue’ group that consists of the UCOSP, USM and the local farmers. The UCOSP provide tramline transport of sugarcane from the farms to the sugar mill (USM) and manages the flood protection infrastructure on the Mfolozi Floodplain. The main problem is that the ‘blue’ group wants to breach the mouth at a certain level to prevent the farmland of flooding, where the ‘green’ group wants to leave the opening and closing process of the mouth to nature to guarantee a natural estuarine functioning of the St Lucia system.","floodplain; flood risk; backwater; river mouth","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:2cead882-ab02-4966-95b3-2a4e1525fc1c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2cead882-ab02-4966-95b3-2a4e1525fc1c","SimBethel: Designing a serious game on flood risk management and housing/urban development for the most urbanized islands of the California delta","Hasman, R.; Klerk, W.J.; Schoemaker, M.A.; Smits, E.","","2013","Master project report. A serious game on flood risk management and housing/urban development for the most urbanised island of the California coast. In the California Delta the flood protection for most islands is not up to the required standards. This is also the case for Bethel Island, one of the most urbanized islands in this region. The Bethel Island Improvement District (BIMID), the local agency concerned with maintaining and upgrading levees is seriously hampered by money shortage and a lack of support by both higher government and residents of the island. The failure probability for the levees on Bethel Island, caused by seismic events and high water levels, is estimated at 8% per year although no major floods have happened for about a century. Statewide environmental issues such as increasing salinization and pressure on wildlife habitat play an important role in flood risk management for Bethel Island, several reports suggest that failures caused by seismic events which are likely to happen in the near future could paralyze the freshwater supply for the Central Valley and urban areas in the Bay area and Southern California. Currently Bethel Island has around 2,600 residents and especially in summer time many tourists are visiting the island. The island has several marinas and most houses are built on or close to the levee. The levees are to be upgraded to the PL84-99 standard according to the Five Year plan (2011 - 2016), however this was already initiated 15 years ago and the improvements are not on schedule. The levees are not at the required standard to be eligible for emergency aid by FEMA in case of a flood, so there is a problem with weak levees and if they fail there will be no emergency aid to help recover from the disaster. Serious gaming is a tool to give insight in decision processes of investing in levee maintenance and upgrades over a long time period and raising awareness amongst people involved such as residents and potential project developers. Therefore, it would be an excellent tool to take a look at some possible future strategies of Bethel Island, and facilitate a discussion with people involved about these strategies to initiate some movement in the current deadlock situation. Hence: SimBethel, a serious game about flood protection and risk management on Bethel Island. The SimBethel game is based on the Multi Layered Safety-game by Matti Janssen, which simulates development in a Dutch polder. This game is adapted and several aspects such as the factors time, money, levee strength and seismic events have been added. The game consists of a board game supported by a flood risk model and an economic model; certain specific problems on Bethel Island are discussed by the use of chance cards. The game is played by 3 players, each representing a stakeholder on Bethel Island: BIMID, project developers and the residents. The flood risk model is based on the Dutch VNK2-method, a state-of-the-art method for assessing flood risks in the Netherlands. However due to a lack of detailed information, especially on the levee conditions this method could not be fully implemented. In the game BIMID can execute levee projects to decrease the risk, however costs money which they can achieve by subsidy or taxes. The economic model simulates the money flow between the different players and other stakeholders. The framework of a board game supported by two models was tested on whether the project goals could be achieved with this game. It was concluded that the model had so many variables that the game was not suitable for raising awareness amongst residents. Therefore a simplified version of the game was made called 'SimBethel Educational'. This game is based on Monopoly and players are each in control of a levee reach. The game is won by the player who has raised his levee reach to the highest level first. Players can fund this with tax money collected from house owners and subsidy. To create more tax revenue players can build more houses, thus creating more income. The consequence is however that the risk is increased and in case of a flooding, players encounter more damage. This version of the game is also tested and was received with enthusiasm by both testers and Bethel Island residents. It was also observed that the game indeed raised awareness and created a better understanding on the principles of flood protection, risk and economic development amongst the residents who played the game. In conclusion, the SimBethel game has shown to be a tool to give a good overview of the different problems on Bethel Island for professionals. However the game is fairly complicated for first time players. This version of the game has been altered to become a better understandable version, but has not been properly tested yet. The SimBethel Educational game has shown first signs of being a very useful tool in raising awareness amongst Bethel Island residents. This game needs to be fine-tuned and tested more extensively but after that, developing the game for a larger audience such as other islands or polders specifically or schools in general could be a serious option.","serious game; flood risk; flood protection; California","en","student report","TU Delft, section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:cf4129b2-c598-49e3-9994-78d089a60432","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf4129b2-c598-49e3-9994-78d089a60432","Afsluitdijk project ""The Monument"" location","Liu, S.; Huang, J.; Rayo, S.; Lim, T.Y.","","2012","The Afsluitdijk (Enclosure Dam) is a main dam that forms the fundamental part of the larger Zuiderzee Works that separates the Zuiderzee, a salt water inlet of the North Sea, and turning it into the fresh water lake of the IJsselmeer. It protects the central Netherlands from the effects of the North Sea. It was constructed between 1927 and 1933, and runs from Den Oever on Wieringen to the village of Zurich in Friesland. It is 32 km long and 90 meters wide, rising to 7.25 meters above sea-level, with an incline of 25% on each side. At the location along the Afsluitdijk where the final water passage was closed (‘De Vlieter’), a lookout tower known as ‘The Monument’ was built in 1933. It was presented by the Zuiderzee Works Construction Company and designed by architect W.M. Dudok. The site has a statue of a “Steenzetter”, and also marks the inscription ‘A living nation builds for its future’. A statue of Cornelis Lely has also been erected near Den Oever on the Barrier Dam itself. The Afsluitdijk with The Monument are currently managed by the Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment (“The client”). There is a restaurant at The Monument where the client has sublet it for private operator to manage it. With the anticipation of increase storm intensity and sea level rise in the future, the client had previously engaged a consultant to analyze the existing design of Afsluitdijk for a design storm of 1:10,000 years. According to the client, the result of the study concluded that the standard cross-section of Afsluitdijk is not sufficient to withstand the design storm of 1:10,000 years, hence, modifications of it are required. The study also found that during the design storm, there is a significant overtopping over the dike. The client is concerned about the significant overtopping found from the previous study may have adverse impact on the non-standard cross-section of the dike where The Monument is located. Therefore, the client has requested our design team to look into the dike section at The Monument location.","afsluitdijk; overtopping; sea defence","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:00907f1a-fae0-4209-99eb-6d910feaf312","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:00907f1a-fae0-4209-99eb-6d910feaf312","Salt crystallization at the surface of consolidated porous media as determined by micro-CT imaging","Janmahomed, F.R.","Zitha, P.L.J. (mentor); Van Hemert, P. (mentor)","2012","The crystallization of salt is a major issue in many fields of engineering. Recently, Veran-Tissoires et al. presented new research in the study of the precipitation of salt at the surface of an unconsolidated porous medium (known as efflorescence), as a consequence of evaporation of brine from within this porous medium. It is observed that the distribution of the efflorescence is not homogenous. The preferential locations for precipitation have a stronger velocity field within the porous medium, as a result of evaporation flux, heterogeneity in the porous medium and the pumping effect of the efflorescence structures. This study expands on the research of Veran-Tissoires et al. by examining the efflorescence patterns on consolidated porous media. The efflorescence behavior is found to be similar as that of unconsolidated porous media, except that the efflorescence structure of a natural sandstone is more compact. In addition, a method for tracking the efflorescence in three dimensions using microCT imaging is introduced.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Geoscience & Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:7032767d-9e82-4b87-8e76-3224732001c6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7032767d-9e82-4b87-8e76-3224732001c6","Fieldwork coastal engineering: Artificial islands Asparuhovo, Bulgaria","Cats, G.; Disselkoen, M.; Galema, A.; De Greef, J.; Habets, C.; Van Loon, P.; Olij, D.; Oujamaa, I.; Rijsburger, S.; Stuij, S.; Treffers, J.; Tuinhof, T.; Veraart, S.; Versteegt, G.; Vos, G.J.; Vrolijk, E.; Chernaev, H.; Nikolova, S.; Moinova, D.; Karakolev, P.","","2012","Sirius Beach and Azalea Beach are beaches situated north of Varna in Bulgaria. The beaches have names of hotels situated at the beach. The hotel owners describe large scale erosion at the beaches over the years. Throughout the years groups of students from Delft have measured the waterline (by GPS) and the cross sections. The beaches are strongly influenced by the waves, because there is insignificant tidal motion. This wave domination is variable over the seasons (winter versus summer). For Azalea Beach only the waterlines were measured and the waterline was comparable to 2010. So, the erosion mentioned in 2010 is not monitored anymore. The waterline of Sirius beach shows erosion patterns in the north which has stabilized over the years. And the accretion in the south (mentioned in 2010 and 2011) has stopped. The cross section measurements show the same trends as the waterline measurements. Though it is hard to draw conclusions from the data. The seasonal variablility and the lacking accuracy of the measurements are the biggest problems. What is more, at Sirius Beach the test measurements of the wave pressure meter took place. This meter is used for the first time in de Bulgaria fieldwork series. The test close to the water line show breaking of waves, which is obvious in the coastal zone. At the end, the meter would be used in the water in front of Asparuhovo Beach. Asparuhovo Beach is a beach South of the city centre of Varna. It is a populair place in the summer as it is close to the city. At the Asparhovo Beach the interest goes to the development of the beach and the possible erosion. The measurements for this beach include the waterline measurements with GPS, the cross section measerements and the wave measurements. Except for the lateral measurement, the measurements of this year have been compared to the measurements of the previous two years. From these comparisons the conlusion can be drawn that the North side of the Asparuhovo Beach is hardly changed in the last three years. The South side of the beach does show significant change in the bathymetry and the waterline. Due to the large change in the waterline it is unclear if these changes are due to season variabiblity. In the coming years it would be recommended to take extra measurements in this area.","Fieldwork; Varna; Asparuhovo; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:38f6d21c-aeb1-4309-9cec-efe82d7d4994","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:38f6d21c-aeb1-4309-9cec-efe82d7d4994","A Flood Defence Strategy for the Greater Concepción, Chile: Analysing, modeling and finding engineering solutions for the Biobio floods","Van Verseveld, H.C.W.; Weller, A.H.C.; Van Heemst, C.; Willems, J.A.","Caamano, D. (contributor); Zitman, T.J. (contributor)","2012","Multidisciplinary Master Project In 2006, the Greater Concepción (Chile) experienced major flooding of the River Biobio with millions of dollars worth of damage as a consequence. This event was previously seen as a 1 in a 100 year event by the authorities. These conditions, however, are calculated to have a return period of about 20 years instead, which increases the urgency of this project. Meanwhile no precautions are taken whatsoever. The objective of this research is to provide an adequate strategy, to avoid floods as previously happened in 2006. An extensive data analysis on discharge volumes is carried out. With this analysis and bathymetrical data of the river bed, a model is built in HEC-RAS in order to study the behaviour of the river and its reaction on different measures. Increasing the levee height for different locations of the area, which is indicated by the local authorities as undesired, appears inevitable. Use of the hydropower dam reservoirs upstream of Concepción as a buffer for flood waves and lowering of the roughness of the floodplains by cutting vegetation may reduce the design height of the levees. These measures are economically favourable and technically realizable; a significant risk reduction can be accomplished with their implementation.","flood; defense; Chile; Concepción; Concepcion; biobio; river; strategy","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-36.7845117, -73.0755753"
"uuid:d9a2fea5-5b1d-4c52-822a-a7429da5000b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d9a2fea5-5b1d-4c52-822a-a7429da5000b","Tiaozini Land reclamation: Preliminary port area design","Beemsterboer, D.; Christophe, J.; Scheepjens, R.; Veldman, M.; Van der Wielen, V.","","2012","In 2009 the Chinese State Council approved the developing plan for Jiangsu coastal zone that was part of the national developing strategy. The plan set goals to reclaim 21 areas in the Jiangsu coastal zone with main objective to achieve an economical impulse for the Jiangsu province. The Tiaozini reclamation acted as a pilot project and was assigned a priority area due to its size and strategic position between Lianyungang and Shanghai. The proposed occupation guidelines for Tiaozini hardly met the objective of giving an economical impulse and revision of the area was required. The northern part of Tiaozini was still under construction and was further assessed in this study. The Dutch layer approach was explicitly used as an analyzing tool to make a top-down preliminary design for the Tiaozini port area using Dutch norms and standards. This tool allowed the study to be divided in three conditioning layers; occupation, network and base layer allowed for a multidisciplinary and iterative process. The most suitable occupation was determined using macroeconomic, industry-specific and port analysis. Due to the favorable investment climate ensuring future potential, lack of competitors and presence of partners, an efficiently organized public-private petrochemical port area was determined as preliminary occupation for the northern part of Tiaozini. The supporting transport network should take the following criteria into account: modal split, flexibility, sustainability and capacity. These criteria were determined by the characteristics of the petrochemical industry. The connection between the network and base layer was made by the use of the main enabling road connection. The embankment settlement for the required six-lane highway was calculated using D-Settlement numerical program in combination with NEN-Bjerrum calculation method and checked using analytical NEN-Koppejan method. A 4.5m high surcharge preload in combination with vertical drains was required for six months in order to fulfill the residual settlement requirements. PLAXIS was used to evaluate the stability of the newly designed dike with a design return period of 1.000 years, allowing safety for the petrochemical port area. With a safety factor of 1.8 leading to multiple simultaneous slip surfaces, the new dike design is capable of ensuring safety for the petrochemical port area. All results support the presumption the Tiazoni area is suitable for petrochemical industry.","Jiansu; port reclamation; petrochemical port; dike stability; vertical drains","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a00df7b6-b896-446c-8ada-4f347ae956bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a00df7b6-b896-446c-8ada-4f347ae956bd","Outdoor Climate and Urban Geometry: How to design with wind in mind","Greco, A.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Wind climate is an important part of urban design. A basic knowledge of wind behaviour is required for this; however, this is not easy to get. Aerodynamicists study, explain and write about wind physics using a mathematical language, hardly being understood by non-instructed readers like designers. The first challenge of this manual is to translate this knowledge in a not complicated language. The objective is to connect physical principles to design good practices, providing tools for an optimal consideration of wind as a design parameter.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:8427d7c6-6fd0-4fdf-bc36-4aadba56784f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8427d7c6-6fd0-4fdf-bc36-4aadba56784f","Smart Depths: Geothermal Heat Pumps Design Manual","Troian, S.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. One of the possible ways for smart and sustainable designs is the use of geothermal energy for space heating. This manual explains the possible use in designs, the functioning and treats different systems.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:b941334e-538a-4106-b9b1-f29913d8db6f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b941334e-538a-4106-b9b1-f29913d8db6f","CO2 Neutral Active Houses","Bazzu, M.J.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Since buildings are one of the main sources of energy consumption, a global adoption of a highly efficient solution would significantly lower energy consumption and environmental impact. The concept of the Passive House was developed, requiring still a bit of energy. Now a new vision is emerging, from a holistic approach. Energy is not the only factor to be taken into consideration: two other prime concerns are the environment and indoor climate. An active house is designed taking into account these factors, and by interacting with the surrounding environment it produces more energy than it consumes.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:42b02c6e-12b2-4749-bf85-ec44d6dd6650","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:42b02c6e-12b2-4749-bf85-ec44d6dd6650","Designing for Change: Guide to Adaptive Buildings","De Ridder, E.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The reinterpretation of the word 'building' as primarily a verb, and by so a continuous process, can lead to new dynamic designs, not having the problem of waste or demolition. This manual aims to emphasize the importance of adaptability and offers background theory and tools regarding design solutions for adaptive design.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:a957e358-0d7d-4f6b-92ea-dccf8d89babc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a957e358-0d7d-4f6b-92ea-dccf8d89babc","The effect of 3D geometry complexity on simulating radiative, conductive and convective fluxes in an urban canyon","Boeters, R.; Donkers, S.; Lee, D.J.; Liem, V.; Montazeri, S.; van Oostveen, J.; Pietrzyk, P.","Menenti, M. (mentor); Gorte, B.H.G. (mentor); Verbree, E. (mentor)","2012","The Geomatics Synthesis Project (GSP) was an eight-week culminating group project by seven second-year MSc. Geomatics students. The objective was to undertake group and fieldwork through a real-world project with an external organization. In association with Laboratoire des Sciences de L'Image Informatique et Teledetection (LSIIT) at the University of Strasbourg, the 2012 GSP explored the impact of 3D geometry complexity on the accuracy of simulating radiative, convective and conductive fluxes in an urban canyon. The research involved the collection of meteorological data near the urban canyon in Strasbourg, France, for input into a model called LAtent, SEnsible, Radiation Fluxes (LASER/F), which simulates the aforementioned fluxes. The preparation of seven geometry scenarios with different complexities was completed and test run in LASER/F. The results were validated with thermal images of two facades collected during the field campaign in Strasbourg. The results show that LASER/F systematically underestimates facade surface temperatures due to various model assumptions. One of those is the oversimplified 1D parametrization of the wind and was demonstrated by comparing it with a vertical wind profile extracted from a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. Nevertheless, it was concluded that the most complex 3D geometry does not necessarily improve simulation accuracy, especially during warming periods of the day. The inclusion of balconies on the facades is influential and should be used for future simulation experiments when it is a signifcant feature of the facade. Further research is required to better understand canyon geometry effects such as canyon orientation, aspect ratio and the volumetric influence on internal heat storage in buildings.","3D Geometry; Urban heat island; Level of detail; thermal imaging; Geomatics Synthesis Project","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Architecture and The Built Environment","OTB Research Institute for the Built Environment","","Geomatics for the Built Environment","",""
"uuid:2c45589c-00ef-4711-ab8f-96dbbecc49dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2c45589c-00ef-4711-ab8f-96dbbecc49dc","Nieuwe kansen voor het PURO-concept: Verkenning inzet PURO-concept ter vergroting leveringszekerheid Oasen-Noord","Hogendoorn, A.A.","Van der Meer, W.G.J. (contributor); Timmer, H. (contributor); Vreeburg, J.H.G. (contributor)","2012","Oasen is een drinkwaterbedrijf gevestigd in Zuid-Holland. Rond 1990 zijn verschillende winningen in het noordelijke leveringsgebied gesloten omdat het grondwater te zout werd. Nu wordt vanuit het zuiden water naar het noorden getransporteerd. Als de winningen in het zuiden grotendeels uitvallen of de transportleiding breekt, wordt nauwelijks voldaan aan de wettelijk vereiste minimum leveringszekerheid. Productiecapaciteitsvergroting in het noordelijk leveringsgebied is dus gewenst. Met membraanfiltratie is ontzouting inmiddels financieel haalbaar. Oasen is gestart met een onderzoeksproject waarbij de membraanfiltratie plaatsvindt in de winput zelf, wat de naam ‘PUt met RO’ (PURO) draagt. Om de productiecapaciteit in het noordelijke gebied te vergroten is een haalbaarheidsstudie uitgevoerd voor heropening van de voormalige winningen, waar het PURO-concept wordt toegepast. In deze studie is zowel geïnventariseerd wat schaalvoordelen (productie van 1.5 M m3/a of 3 M m3/a) betekenen als wat de combinatie met conventionele zuivering oplevert. Daarnaast is onderzocht of Oasen een industriële klant van industriewater kan voorzien, waarbij industriewater wordt geproduceerd m.b.v. het PURO-concept. De verschillende scenario’s zijn zuiveringstechnisch en financieel ontworpen/doorgerekend. Daarnaast zijn de vergunningvoorwaarden geïnventariseerd en is onderzocht of de huidige locaties nog geschikt zijn voor winning en productie. Voor de diverse manieren van drinkwater productie zijn de volgende zuiveringsschema’s gehanteerd. Na onttrekking is voor het PURO permeaat nog dolomietfiltratie, beluchting en zandfiltratie vereist. Als de productie wordt gecombineerd met conventionele zuivering, is alleen permeaat beluchting voldoende. De conventionele zuivering bestaat uit torenbeluchting, droogfiltratie, pellet-ontharding, Carry-over-filtratie, aktief koolfiltratie en UV desinfectie. Industriewaterproductie is ook mogelijk met implementatie van het PURO-concept. Als nabehandeling is alleen beluchting en zandfiltratie voldoende. De productieprijs voor industriewater bedraagt 0,75/m3, drinkwaterproductie is mogelijk voor 0,56/m3 tot 0,87/m3. Laatstgenoemde prijs geldt als membraanfiltratie wordt gecombineerd met conventionele zuivering op kleine schaal. Een grootschalige productiefaciliteit heeft de voorkeur voor vergunningverlening, omdat zo de hoeveelheid waterwingebieden beperkt blijft. Daarnaast moet de strategische zoetgrondwatervoorraad gehandhaafd blijven. Een nadeel van conventionele zuivering is dat veel grondoppervlak voor de zuivering vereist is.Op basis van de resultaten in deze scriptie is het advies om een heropening van de zuiveringen in Oasen noord te heroverwegen. De opgedane praktijkervaring met de PURO pilot op Ridderkerk dient hiervoor ingezet te worden. Een heropening betreft dan een winning met een productiecapaciteit van omstreeks 3 M m3/a, waarbij zowel alleen PURO winputten als de combinatie met conventionele zuiveringverder uitgewerkt moet worden. De industriewaterproductie is financieel gezien het meest aantrekkelijk, maar is ook het meest risicovol. Een gelijkblijvende afname gedurende 17 jaar is vereist voor dekking van de investeringskosten.","omgekeerde osmose; PURO; Oasen; drinkwater","en","student report","","","","","","","","2013-08-03","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","Sanitary Engineering","",""
"uuid:0191907f-6c58-4fc0-aafd-309847e1f6e2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0191907f-6c58-4fc0-aafd-309847e1f6e2","Transshipment port in the Rio de la Plata","Lemmens, D.; Smaling, H.; De Jong, J.; De Kloet, M.","","2012","The predictions for the future foretell an increase of the amount of exported grain over the Rio Paraná/Rio de la Plata system of 63% in 2030. Besides this, the new Panama locks will be finished in 2015. Seeing as the current shipping standard is largely determined by the Panama locks, the general expectation is that the vessel dimensions will increase to a standard size that complies with the new locks. It is evident that the increase in maximum draft of these vessels makes the depth restrictions in the Rio de la Plata cut into their efficiency even harder. It is a reasonable assumption that something has to be done in order to keep the Rio Paraná system from collapsing. There are numerous types of solutions that could be applied for this problem. The chosen solution in this case is the construction of a new port somewhere in the Rio de la Plata. This port would serve as a transhipment station where inland vessels deliver the cargo from ports along Rio Paraná and where it gets transhipped into ocean going vessels with a New Panamax size, which have a maximum draft of 54 feet, for shipment across the ocean. This solution means that the ocean going vessels can fully utilise their maximum draft for the entire duration of their trip. Furthermore it means that, as far as the grain industry is concerned, the requirement for maintaining an artificial depth of 34 feet in the Rio de la Plata past the port is no longer required. The final design of the previously described port consists of an artificial island on Banco Chico off the coast of Magdalena in the Rio de la Plata. This location has been chosen due to political, environmental and cost related motivations and is located right next to the already existing shipping channel, making the required access channel for the port’s ocean basin shorter. The port is designed to be capable of receiving anything up to fully loaded New Panamax sized vessels and partially loaded Capesize vessels. On the river side of the port the system is designed to make use of tug/barge combinations with a loading capacity of 5600 tons and a draft of 14 feet. This draft means they can freely sail on most of the Rio de la Plata and do not necessarily require the maintained channels. The island itself gives room for (temporary) storage of commodities in between unloading and loading to ensure a constant supply of grain to load the ocean vessels and thus reduces the service time. All in all the construction of a transhipment port on an artificial island in the Rio de la Plata is a preliminarily feasible solution to the described problem. This does, however, mean that all the assumptions that have been made in the design phase will either have to be true, or false in a non-critical fashion. On top of that there are still numerous risks that could harm the operational feasibility of the port and make sure it will never exist. As long as sufficient research is done into the more critical aspects of these risks and assumptions, a lot of economic benefit could be gained from embarking on a new system.","Rio de la Plata; port planning; artificial island; Argentina; Uruguay; bulk terminal; grain termminal","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:7e453d89-6d20-4d19-83b9-a20dde17b545","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e453d89-6d20-4d19-83b9-a20dde17b545","Project Walvis Bay: Iintegrated approach for the long-term development of the Port of Walvis Bay","De Vries, P.; Brouwer, M.; Bresser, G.; Lavies, H.; Moen, J.","","2012","The objective of the project is to ‘develop a financially- and technically feasible development strategy for the Port of Walvis Bay, taking account of the uncertainties of future events’. As there is a high degree of uncertainty in the future demands for services, the attention is focussed on designing a development strategy that maximizes the flexibility of the port.NamPort announced plans for expanding the port back in 2008, after which construction of the first phase should have commenced in 2011. However, due to reluctance of investors, the project’s Engineering, Procurement and Construction (EPC) phase has been cancelled indefinitely by the port authority. NamPort is now accepting new tenderers to both build and finance the expansion. They are confident that the construction phase will begin in early 2013, targeting full operation in 2016. The expansion will accommodate a container terminal, eventually quadrupling the port’s handling capacity up to one million TEU’s annually. According to container throughput forecasts, the demand for services may however reach the increased handling capacity as soon as 2019/2020. The objective of this project is to recommend a strategy on how to develop the port on the long-term, scoping at a design lifetime of half a century.","Namibia; Port Planning; Walvisbaai; container port","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:6a540856-e1f4-471d-87fd-930f46a2fd1a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6a540856-e1f4-471d-87fd-930f46a2fd1a","Greenfield Port Bhavanapadu: Opportunities and challenges along the east coast of India","Bij de Leij, A.W.; Smulders, J.; Dagniaux, M.F.; Lamboo, M.C.T.; Van den Hoogen, M.G.M.; Van Leeuwen, M.C.","","2012","Master project report. The objective of the report is to find a suitable greenfield port location at the east coast of India, to develop a technical feasible master plan for this location and to determine the financial viability of this master plan. With respect to the objective conclusions are drawn. The northern part, i.e. the states of West Bengal, Orissa and Andhra Pradesh, have the most potential to develop a port. Though, because of environmental and political issues the states of West Bengal and Orissa are not preferable. Andhra Pradesh is eager to develop a greenfield port. In the north of Andhra Pradesh the designated greenfield port location of Bhavanapadu has the best potential for the development of a greenfield port. This location is further elaborated. The following boundary conditions are considered in this report. Environment The project area is in a pristine environment of wetlands with a rich biodiversity. It is close to the ecologically fragile Naupada swamp which houses migratory birds. The construction and operation of the port will have a large impact on the environment. The siltation, sediment transport and ecosystems will be influenced. Current area occupation: Several villages are located in the vicinity of the greenfield location. The inhabitants depend on the local salt fields and the fishing harbour. The government has tried to develop the fishing harbour but the project failed due to sedimentation problems in the mouth of the creek. Marine and geotechnical conditions: The monsoon on the east coast of India results in a yearly seasonal reversal. This influences the wind and wave climate and the current direction. The project location is in a cyclone hazard zone which results in harsh design conditions. The water depth at the project location is between 0 and 10 m. The main soil material is sand. In the area severe sedimentation occurs. The direction of the sediment transport depends on the monsoon. Stakeholders: Private investors in combination with the state of Andhra Pradesh will develop the Bhavanapadu port on Public Private Partnership (PPP) basis. Market study: A market study is conducted in which the distribution of the traffic forecast is determined for the years 2025, 2035 and 2045. Vessel size: The governing vessel size is a fourth generation Panamax vessel. Master plan: The following elements are the most important subjects covered by the technical feasibility. Phasing: To meet the growing traffic the construction of the port is divided in three phases: Phase I: 2020 – 2030, capacity of the port based on the throughput of 2025. Phase II: 2030 – 2040, capacity of the port based on the throughput of 2035. Phase III: 2040 – 2045, capacity of the port based on the throughput of 2045. Preliminary design conditions: The port is designed for a lifetime of 50 years. The preliminary layout is designed for Phase I and Phase II, while taking Phase III into consideration. The three commodities dry bulk, break bulk and containers are subdivided into a dry bulk terminal, general cargo terminal and container terminal. An overview of all the elements through the different phases is shown Figure 3. Wet infrastructure: The wet infrastructure of the port includes the following: an inner approach and an outer approach channel. A turning basin inside the port basin and an emergency turning basin half way the outer approach channel. There are berthing areas available for all terminals. Breakwaters: The port is protected by two rubble mount breakwaters. The northern breakwater is protected by quarry armour as armour layer. The southern breakwater is protected by concrete accropode blocks as armour layer. Port utilities: he port includes all the important elements like: infrastructure, navigation, security and safety utilities and offices. The power is supplied by the neighboring power plant. For the water supply a solution has to be found. For the processing of fertilizer a packing factory is constructed. Hinterland connections: Future hinterland connections will connect the port to the main road NH5 and the main railway. Port layout: The layout of the port is based on the navigability, draught and required areas for the different terminals. The port utilities are placed on strategic locations. Quay walls: The dry bulk quay wall is constructed as a jetty. The general cargo quay wall and the container quay wall are constructed with sheet piling.","greenfield port; Andhra Pradesh; general cargo port; India","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:8b2ca918-bc7b-4995-bc63-40dc14bee2ff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8b2ca918-bc7b-4995-bc63-40dc14bee2ff","Sedimentation and Flood assessment for the expansion of Kingston Harbour, Jamaica","Kerssens, P.; Verreijken, K.; Vermerris, P.; Wijs, J.","","2012","Student project report, in cooperation with Smith-Warner International Ltd. (SWIL), Kingston, Jamaica. At this moment the shipping channels in Kingston Harbour, Jamaica, slowly accrete. When the harbour is expanded, the local and global sediment transport is likely to change. During this project it is investigated whether these changes are significant and if they will have a negative influence on the Kingston Harbour area. Also the increase of flood risk for the area surrounding Hunts Bay is investigated. This investigation is done by modeling the hydrodynamics of the Kingston Harbour area with MIKE21 and Delft3D, where after both modeling programs are compared to each other. For the input data for the models, research has been done concerning the boundary conditions. This data is gathered from several projects done in the past about other areas in the harbour and fieldwork in Hunts Bay. During the year, most of the wind comes from the east and south-east direction. There are also two mayor streams which debouch into Hunts Bay, namely the Sandy Gully and the Rio Cobre. Since there is only discharge known about the Rio Cobre (daily values from 1985 to 2010), only the Rio Cobre is taken into account. The maximum measured value was 563 m3/s (during hurricane IVAN) and the average value is about 12 m3/s. For the sediment input data some fieldwork is done in Hunts Bay to gather information about the type of soil. From this it is concluded that it is silt, which is confirmed after a lab research of the sediment. However these accurate soil properties couldn’t be implemented into the models due to the lack of time. During the fieldwork also a bathymetric survey was done, which showed that Hunts Bay is sedimented compared to the previously used bathymetric data, gathered from admiralty charts in 2000. Calibration of both models is done by comparing it with the measured water level and flow velocities underneath the Causeway Bridge. Since this is the only point where data was available for, the calibration kept global, and should be improved in the future. The modeling showed that most of the sediment transport into the shipping channel is caused by the high discharge of the Rio Cobre. Ivan showed the most extreme sedimentation and the biggest change due to the expansion. In the present situation the shipping channel is gradually silting, with two areas where the siltation is concentrated. With the first phase expansion these ‘mountainous’ areas will be much more concentrated. However it can be concluded that the changes in the sediment transport due to the first phase expansion are not significant and will not lead to more problems than there are without this expansion. For this problem a sediment trap is proposed. At first it was placed just eastward of the Causeway Bridge, but this didn’t solve the problem and it would be in the way for the phase two expansion. Therefore a sand trap is designed in Hunts Bay, just westward of the Causeway Bridge. This location is really effective, since it stores the sediment from the rivers. This solution prevents the shipping channel to silt. Again, since the lack of reference data, on the size of the pit nothing can be said.","Jamaica; sedimentation; fine sediment; Hurricane","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:6faa4ebe-f83b-4920-b33c-cf476784f6ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6faa4ebe-f83b-4920-b33c-cf476784f6ec","Master Project Mozambique","Biesheuvel, C.; Van Rijn, R.; Geerling, R.; Kampshof, G.J.; Van der Heuvel, H.P.; Van Es, J.","","2012","Novos Horizontes started seven years ago in Mozambique and is part of Communities of Fusion. The Communities of Fusion, in this report, includes: Novos Horizontes, Eggs for Africa, Rapale International School, Ebenezer College and Arcapula. All these organizations are located in one area (farm) and work together. The main activity of Novos Horizontes is a vertical integrated poultry operation. The core of the business is to get the local community involved in the complete production process by providing them chicks and feed on credit, so they can grow the chickens until they are ready for slaughter. Novos Horizontes is currently planning to expand their activities. This expansion will stress the already critical state of the water availability even more. This Master Project Mozambique is aimed at finding a solution for the water problem of Novos Horizontes. The main objective of the project is stated below: ‘Contribute to a structural improvement of the water system for the companies and organizations that are part of Communities of Fusion’","water supply; drinking water; Mozambique; reservoirs","en","student report","TU Delft, Detpartment Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Water Management","","","",""
"uuid:d88573f4-9c70-4c58-bcd8-f573d96f2785","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d88573f4-9c70-4c58-bcd8-f573d96f2785","A Study on Geometric and Material Properties of the Mangrove Root System in Singapore","Bo, J.","Cheong, H.F. (mentor); Chua, V. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor)","2012","Although the effect of wave attenuation by mangrove has been widely observed and studied, the problem pertaining to how to accurately describe the geometrical properties is still remaining unresolved. Also, the material properties of mangrove root have not been comprehensively studied before. This is study is dedicated for the survey on geometric and material properties of mangrove in Singapore for future modeling work. In this study, two types of mangrove are surveyed, as Sonneratia alba and Rhizophora, for the two survey types of mangroves are mostly abundant in Singapore and Johor River region. Photogrammetry technique has been extensively practiced for capturing the geometrical properties of the mangrove root. Lab testing has been carried out to obtain the material properties of mangrove root. The geometrical properties studied are mainly root density, root distribution and root height. The material properties studied are the mass density, moisture content and modulus of elasticity of the mangrove roots.","mangrove; resistance; root system; flow","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","TUD-NUS","",""
"uuid:66c6359c-1be6-46bb-a94c-1e637a28632c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:66c6359c-1be6-46bb-a94c-1e637a28632c","Designing with plants","Smits, R.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Rainforests are the lungs of the earth and plants can be the lungs of a buildings. Every plant uses CO2, water and light to produce sugars and oxygen; furthermore plants provide shade, take pollutants from the air and provide evaporative cooling. This design manual shows the possibilities of plants and how to integrate them in buildings to get the most possible benefits from them.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:c1e26a25-dd0d-4b8a-85b9-cb0b2ae4ce94","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c1e26a25-dd0d-4b8a-85b9-cb0b2ae4ce94","Learning from biomimicry: Towards a new architecture","Roelofs, S.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Nature has solved a lot of different problems we have created long before humans roamed the earth, and adapted to specific circumstances. This manual will discuss the deeper levels of biology on how certain organisms or techniques work. It explains the concept of biomimicry in the context of smart design, teaches designers how to use biomimicry and and give scientific backgrounds.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:1d0fb703-1c15-4bdf-b81b-cfdc53c1d37f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1d0fb703-1c15-4bdf-b81b-cfdc53c1d37f","Smart glazing in architecture: A paper on innovative glazing systems","Bolarakis, A.","","2012","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. In recent time, smart materials, materials with changeable properties, are developed, also in the glazing industry. Still, many of the technologies are still unattractive for large-scale projects and mass production. There are a lot of promising developments in smart glazing, and hopefully in near future it will be as common as conventional glazing is now.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:ae29db80-bbf0-41d3-9370-cc79b47622cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ae29db80-bbf0-41d3-9370-cc79b47622cf","Cohabitation: Humans & Agriculture","Woodington, W.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Cohabitation of humans and agriculture can be used to improve building climate, human health and the state of the world. It affects building design and requires new building components. This manual explains why it is important to make integrated designs for cohabitation of humans and agriculture, and it explains how this can be achieved.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:edae4fc5-eada-40ea-ac9d-a1473b78ddbc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:edae4fc5-eada-40ea-ac9d-a1473b78ddbc","Urban Agriculture: Feeding New York in New York","Anholts, T.","","2012","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. For the design of a new environmental council to be added to the five existing councils in the United Nations Headquarters in New York, it is important to offer a place to experiment and to show opportunities. It is good to use use this urban environment for agricultural activities, using the existing context where possible.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:63212ab1-9fde-47d2-b2fe-13475cea2553","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:63212ab1-9fde-47d2-b2fe-13475cea2553","Smart heat guide: Designing efficiently with ambient thermal energy","Fremouw, M.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. There are a few issues in our current energy use. We do not know how long the finite primary sources will last. The process of energy conversion makes very inefficient use of the primary energy sources. There are other ways to fulfill the need for comfort, and there is a long history of people making use of them. This guide shows the many ways to cut a wide swath in primary energy requirements for buildings, by designing intelligently and making use of the ambient heat available, starting from the comfort demand.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:acafc283-df85-4d6b-abc4-18bde2535ad4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acafc283-df85-4d6b-abc4-18bde2535ad4","Designing for animals","Bouwhuis, T.","","2012","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Providing living space for animals in cities is an underexposed subject in the practice of urban designers. We encounter the results of conflicting situations between humans and animals almost every day, and often the animal getting the worst of it. Designers of the urban environment are not teached to give attention to the needs of animals, while it is prohibited by law to act in such a way that plants or animals are damaged, hurt, disturbed, killed or harmed regarding their natural living environment. This manual will raise the awareness for this problem and offers a selection of possible solutions.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:e7ef8d1e-6f9a-437f-82a0-581c935055c1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7ef8d1e-6f9a-437f-82a0-581c935055c1","Damage on rock slopes under wave attack","Papadopoulos, D.","Verhagen, H.J. (contributor); Van den Bos, J.P. (contributor)","2012","The aim of this study is the particularisation of the accuracy margins for the determination of the damage level in the experimental plan proposed by Remon Kik at his thesis for the study of Notional Permeability of breakwaters “The experimental research of the permeability factor P”. The evaluation of the proposed technique took place by means of comparisons between different test cases in order to specify the existence of similarities in the statistical behaviour of original tests and their repetitions. Therefore, statistical tests are used to examine the behaviour of the individual tests not only individually, but also in combination with the rest of the test components. For the selected statistical and computational approaches the optimum measurement space step had to be specified. Therefore, a comparison took place between measurements every 5cm and every 10cm. The length of the confidence intervals was used to quantify the difference in accuracy and the two fundamental non parametric tests of Mann-Whitney U/ Wilcoxon W and Kolmogorov-Smirnov (theoretical explanation Appendix B) were applied in order to qualitatively investigate the magnitude of the behavioral change of the distribution due to the addition of the in-between measurements (profile measurements every 5cm). The analysis showed that although the smaller measuring step increased the accuracy at about 10 -30% the differences in absolute damage values were trivial. Furtherupon, differences among tests that occur in the plunging and in the surging area were examined and tendencies were recorded. The outcome showed that an imperceptible difference occurs. The deviation was steadily bigger for the case of tests located in the plunging area (28% in contrast to 21.5% of the surging area), but this difference is considered to be trivial. Finally, the accent was paid in the limitations of the available means and equipment. The observed higher damage values at the sides were investigated. The 13 cross sections of the structure were divided into two groups of side and middle cross sections and comparisons between them were accomplished. Then the influence of the boundary measurements was quantified in order to interpret any existing tendencies of higher damage values and local irregularities that may affect the output of the computations. In fact, the data analysis showed that the variation of damage values at the side cross sections was for all the cases larger than the middle ones. In half of the cases the difference was significant while for the other half, difference occurred, but with a lower magnitude.","breakwater; permeability; model tests","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:70277a41-5591-4c98-9633-06542a0a2ac1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:70277a41-5591-4c98-9633-06542a0a2ac1","Recife: Coastal protection plan","Kibrit, B.; Imambaks, R.; Anijs, M.; Tarigheh, A.S.; Mungar, S.","","2011","Over the past decades the north-eastern coast of Brazil has been degrading due to erosion. This degradation has both natural- and men-made causes. Brazil has no specific laws and acts which relate to coastal protection and management up to this date. Beaches in the metropolitan area of Recife show variety in beach width according to the seasons. However the local factors play such a significant role in this, that it is not possible to establish a direct link between the seasons and beach width. Since the beginning of the 20th century, men has built structures all along this coast without proper guidelines. Wrong implementation of the structures has ,most probable, made matters worse. Another aspect is that men built structures (1970) on the backshore creating less back buffer which resulted in relative erosion. This paper entails the study of the coast of metropolitan Recife which is 45 km long. The goal of this study is to assess the area: to create solutions for their problems. The paper consist of two parts, part A and part B. Part A consists of a study of the entire coast of metropolitan Recife. Part B focuses on Boa Viagem, an area of 2.78 km within the metropolitan area of Recife. In order to assess the entire area more suffiecient, the area has been split up into 7 parts, from north to south: Janga, Casa Caiada, Bairro Novo, Fortim, Boa Viagem, Piedade and Candeias. All these areas have been studied in order to find the cause of erosion, and possible solution. This has been done by preliminary assessment, where the current structures are observed; a problem assessment, this study emphasizes each area’s problem and probable causes; and finally a solution assessment where possible solutions are represented. The total area of the coast of metropolitan Recife consists of men-made hard structures such as groynes, breakwaters and revetment. But has also natural breakwaters such as reefs. The presence of the latter makes study of this coast highly complex. The area has one major and one minor source of sediment. The major is the sediment that is transported in the littoral drift. The minor source is sediment being discharged by the rivers in the area. The sediment is fine to medium size sand. The current level of “protection” is highly ineffective and has made matters worse in many cases such as Casa Caiada. The level of protection can be classified as poor. Initially, the area was thought be a flood risk, however, closer inspection has revealed that coastal flooding is a non-issue in the metropolitan area of Recife. The amount of erosion cannot be limited but only displaced if hard measures are deployed. If sediment is trapped in one area, another area will be adversely affected. The only solution to sediment deficiency is introducing additional sediment in the area. Part B focusses on Boa Viagem, an area of 2.78 km long with probably the most economic value. The coast of Boa Viagem has healthy beaches but also shows signs of erosion. The area consist mostly of reefs, but also has revetments and a harbor. Different solutions for Boa Viagem have been presented, via a Multi Criteria Analysis one has concluded that a solution of only nourishment will be applied. The nourishment will be dredged by a hopper, 10 km off the coast. The hopper transports the sand with the aid of a pumping system through a 2.5 km piping system to the beach. The nourishment will be spread by a bulldozer and a scraper. In order to maintain the beach, re-nourishment will be done every 5 years. The total amount of initial nourishment is 1.2 million m³ sand. And for re-nourishment 0.5 million m³ sand has been calculated. The whole operation cost R$ 143 mln ( 60 mln ) during a period of 50 years, this includes: initial nourishment, re-nourishments and interest etc.","Brazil; coastal protection; Recife; beach nourishment","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:88365933-c5b3-43f6-9658-b76803a050c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:88365933-c5b3-43f6-9658-b76803a050c5","Marina Martín Garcia","De Blaeij, T.; Van Manen, T.R.W.; Van Mechelen, J.; Pijpers, R.; Pleijter, G.; Rubke, T.","","2011","Isla Martín Garcia is founded on a rock outcrop in the Río de la Plata which is a natural protected area between Argentina and Uruguay. Due to the extension of the runway at the local airport, wetlands between Isla Timoteo Domínguez and Isla Martín Garcia developed during the last decades. The bay, where the old port was located, was loaded with sediment. After the waters between the two islands sedimented, Isla Hércules is formed and a channel is created. For the location of the marina, three possible options are selected: at the pier, south of Isla Hércules and in the sedimented bay north of Isla Martín Garcia. By using a multi criteria analysis, a marina at the pier is chosen as the best option because of its small dredging area and minor environmental impact. In consultation with the consultative authorities, a marina at the bay is chosen as the elaborated alternative. The recovery of the old situation in which the marina is located in the bay is the main reason for this choice.Implementation of the marina at Isla Martín Garcia involves cooperation between two parties: the government and a second investor. The government is responsible for the island, and a certain amount of liquidity is required to boost tourism on the island. A second party, like a private investor, is introduced for the maintenance and exploration of the project. This cooperation needs to invest 22.9 million dollars; this includes the 16.4 million dollars for the government and 6.5 million dollars for the second party. Without involving an external investor the internal rate of return (IRR) is 1.77% which is very low. When involving a private investor the IRR increases, the external investor receives an IRR of 7.71 % over the entire lifetime of the marina.","Marina; Argentina; Uruguay; Rio de la Plata","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:eb2c1f17-9d41-4606-be3c-7f831527ee69","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:eb2c1f17-9d41-4606-be3c-7f831527ee69","Modelling nourishments through the Durban piers: Research of sediment transport and surf conditions","Bronsvoort, K.; Radermacher, M.; Van der Spek, B.J.; Spruit, R.; Van Tongeren, B.","Vella, G. (contributor)","2011","The Durban bight has a very dynamic and variable coastline which is constantly under attack by the Indian Ocean. To protect the Durban harbour from this energetic ocean, already in 1855 breakwaters have been constructed to protect the harbour and prevent sedimentation inside. The construction of these breakwaters and eventually extending these breakwaters towards the sea has influenced the sediment flow in front of the Durban beaches enormously. The natural sediment flow along the coast from South to North has been interrupted and this has changed the surroundings. The beaches of Durban are constantly eroding and nourishments are necessary every year to restore the beaches and preserve the safety of the citizens of Durban. The Durban Harbour has agreed to dredge all the available sand that is trapped by the breakwaters and deliver the sand back into the beach system. The Municipality of Durban has responded to this development by constructing a sand distribution system at the beaches, to nourish the sand in an optimal way. New nourishment pipelines have been constructed through three piers at the central part of the Durban coast to supply the sand directly in the surf zone. Although the rough sea is responsible for the erosion at the beaches, the sea also provides nice surf conditions. If the bathymetry has the right shape, perfect surf waves can appear. A combination of nourishments done by the Durban Harbour and the construction of the new nourishment pipelines can lead to the necessary change in bathymetry, resulting in the perfect surf waves. To investigate the consequences of the nourishments on the surf conditions and the movement of the sediment, a Delft3D computer model has been set up. Different nourishment scenarios have been investigated, as well as the available recorded data regarding the tide, the wave and the wind conditions. The total input data have been reduced in size towards representative parameters and converted to corresponding Delft3D input files. After running the constructed model with different scenarios for a simulation period of 15 days, the results have been checked on two different aspects. First of all the effect of the nourishments through the piers on the bathymetry is analysed. An overview of the most important model outcomes is bundled in the additional document ‘Modelling nourishments through the Durban piers, Figures’. The nourishments tend to move onshore and therefore into the coastal cells between the piers. Offshore transport doesn’t seem to be an issue for the dominant wave conditions, but during north-easterly and north-north-easterly waves it is advised not to carry out nourishments. The just nourished sediment might be transported offshore in that situation. The added sediment is partly used to fill up scour holes just north of each pier, but it also leads to the creation of a shallow area north of the tip of each pier. When every year a volume of 250,000 m3 of sand is supplied to the Durban bight, the coastal cells remain more or less in equilibrium, given that 40% of the total amount is nourished through the piers. The second part concerns the effects on the surf conditions. When analysing the physical wave parameters, no major changes can be noticed. However, the model is only run for 15 days, during which one nourishment is simulated. The results do show some subtle trends, which could lead to a bigger influence when successive nourishments are carried out. Waves start to break at the newly created shallow areas during low tide. This has a positive effect on the surf conditions, since the waves will break in a more favourable way. In case of multiple nourishments, the shallow areas will probably become shallower, so then the positive effect can be noticed during high tide as well. Furthermore, the orientation of the coastline between the piers will obtain a slight obliqueness with respect to the dominant wave direction. This causes the waves not to break at once along the whole wave crest, but more gradually from one side to the other, so that surfers can ride a wave uninterruptedly for a longer period of time. Finally a number of recommendations is given, which result from the whole process that the project has gone through. A few adjustments to the model might lead to a major improvement of the performance. Two of the most important recommendations concern a more detailed way of modelling the piers in the model and the inclusion of wind.","South Africa; surf reef; swell; artificial beach nourishment","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:4ec9915e-4141-4fe6-a7ad-b05ba01c67f8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4ec9915e-4141-4fe6-a7ad-b05ba01c67f8","Smart living for smart students","Van Stam, B.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Most students do not live very sustainable. They mostly rent their residence, leading to responsibility issues. Measures with a larger payback time are not taken because of the temporarily living situation and the relatively poor status of students. Still, a lot of measures can be taken to improve the living situation of students. This manual encourages students to take up these issues by providing possibilities for quick, cheap and easy improvement.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:247f01c5-790c-46ca-a134-312fefb0d893","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:247f01c5-790c-46ca-a134-312fefb0d893","BioClimatic Architecture without Architects: Green Design Tips by Insects, Animals and Vernacular Buildings","Christodoulou, A.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. In our struggle towards a smarter building approach we can get our inspiration from natural and vernacular buildings, which survived for thousands of years and integrated well with nature, without the technological miracles of the present day. This manual offers a natural and vernacular 'portfolio' for low-energy consumption solutions. The recurring themes in the considered subjects provide guidelines for new building design.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:f35ff586-9e2b-417c-84af-3abea9debd68","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f35ff586-9e2b-417c-84af-3abea9debd68","Passive evaporative cooling","Tzoulis, A.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Passive techniques for cooling are a great way to cope with the energy problem of the present day. This manual introduces passive cooling by evaporation. These methods have been used for many years in traditional architecture, and can be analyzed to get a better understanding of the principles and implementation in different projects.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:328a5961-ae8e-4483-921d-b0667d807f76","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:328a5961-ae8e-4483-921d-b0667d807f76","Put your daylight where the sun doesn't shine: Methods for bringing daylight deeper into buildings","Velner, R.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. For the sake of both energy conservation and visual comfort, daylight is preferable to artificial light. There are several methods of bringing daylight to spaces in buildings where usually only artificial light would be. In this manual some of these methods are presented and explained, and examples of implementations given.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:46d81126-f38c-4c62-a97b-8a3ac272983f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:46d81126-f38c-4c62-a97b-8a3ac272983f","Reflective cool cities","Heidegger, V.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Our globe is heating, and cities are heating up much more. At the same time, cities are growing and green spaces are substituted by buildings and streets. These man-made surfaces are dark and tend to heat up easily, contributing to the urban heat island effect. This manual gives an overview of the new approach to make these surfaces more reflective, reducing the heat gain.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:84e0fb19-5d33-4e35-bafd-26cc8c620452","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:84e0fb19-5d33-4e35-bafd-26cc8c620452","Embodied Energy in Sustainable Buildings","Kokkos, A.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. A direct contribution to getting a more sustainable world is to reduce the energy consumption. Much is done in the operational energy of buildings. The embodied energy, used during the construction of a building, is often overlooked, but has a key role. This manual gives an easy-to-use guide for estimating the embodied energy of a building, and basic information on the most common materials in the building industry.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:41e7d97b-259e-48ad-812f-2f854b1e1da6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:41e7d97b-259e-48ad-812f-2f854b1e1da6","Natural ventilation: Principles and elements","Glias, A.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The aim of sustainable design is to create comfortable buildings for the users with the reduction of the use of mechanical systems for cooling and heating, and the maximization of the thermal attributes of the shell and the climate. Natural ventilation can be used as an alternative way of cooling. This manual is for architects and engineers who want to integrate a natural ventilation system in the design of a building.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:4c012157-42fa-4830-bb20-edeaa21a427b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4c012157-42fa-4830-bb20-edeaa21a427b","Earth: As building material, as regulation of indoor envorinment, usable in maritime climate","Klamer, G.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. In nearly all hot-arid and temperate climates, earth has always been the most prevalent building material; not only in produced materials like clay brick, but also as raw earth, mud, sod and the principle of rammed earth. This manual focuses on the latter: unprocessed earth. There will be looked for the possibilities to use earth in maritime climates, focusing on the indoor environment.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:408f698f-2fc3-435c-9ac7-40e5a48444a0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:408f698f-2fc3-435c-9ac7-40e5a48444a0","The Potentials of Rain Water Harvesting in Relation to the Climatic Design of Buildings","Lariviere, M.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. The potentials for using harvested rainwater in the climatic design of a building are best realized through integration, when the architectural concept and the climatic concept is combined. In this paper is searched for possibilities for rain water harvesting in the UN Headquarters building in New York City, based on case study examples.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:407132d9-efb0-4772-acd8-622382374ee6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:407132d9-efb0-4772-acd8-622382374ee6","Energy Refurbishment","Sumbul, Y.C.","","2011","Student working paper for the course AR0531/AR0532. Improvements in the building sector have a great potential of change in energy efficiency, instead of demolition of the worst performing building stock in terms of emissions. Refurbished buildings could accomplish the same levels of reduction and refurbishment has the benefits of less landfill disposal, reuse of materials and infrastructure.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:6729dc91-46c8-4697-9420-7cbb2c8ed4f2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6729dc91-46c8-4697-9420-7cbb2c8ed4f2","Solar ventilation: The use of solar chimneys for natural ventilation of buildings","Macquoy, B.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. A very old principle is the system of the solar chimney for ventilation, which in recent years has regained interests. This essay will explore the potentials of solar chimneys in a modern application.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:f206faec-6cb5-4de2-9840-eebad29d78a7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f206faec-6cb5-4de2-9840-eebad29d78a7","Smart Water Use Strategies: A contextual research for energy reduction and production for UN Headquarters in New York City","Korkmaz, C.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. This paper comprises an introduction and explanation of two promising contextual water use strategies for the United Nations Headquarters. This building brings along many possibilities of sustainable water use, thanks to its position over a former bay draining into major tidal strait. The chosen strategies are primarily related to energy use and production. Both the use of roof ponds for evaporative cooling and the energy potential from tidal currents are analyzed for feasibility.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:b2dcbd61-da42-47cd-b4f4-4acf33c1949c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b2dcbd61-da42-47cd-b4f4-4acf33c1949c","Greening the high-rises: An essay on the different possibilities of using green in high-rise buildings in China","Schut, E.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. In this paper are discussed the specific characteristics of the climate in Chengdu, the effects of green on the quality of life in the built environment en the possibilities for integrating green in high-rise buildings.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:a9469967-451f-49e9-ad1f-66458950a639","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a9469967-451f-49e9-ad1f-66458950a639","Controlling the elements: A search for smart sustainability","De Koning, J.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. In this paper is searched for a good redesign of the NAi, Rotterdam, to get rid of overheating problems and energy consumption for cooling without reconstructing the building, but by adding smart sun shading devices to the building.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:98cbdba1-faf1-4267-9917-33b9621455dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98cbdba1-faf1-4267-9917-33b9621455dc","Sustainable design by embodied energy and demountability","Bosch, M.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. The construction industry uses vast quantities of materials, resulting in the consumption of energy resources and the release of pollutant emissions to the biosphere. Resource management becomes a key issue in the development of sustainable technology. This supports the urge to think of embodied energy and responsible material and fuel use, as well as waste production and reusable products. These are the focus topics in in this paper.","","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:54325e97-bc09-4dce-b6b4-1479fa23e797","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:54325e97-bc09-4dce-b6b4-1479fa23e797","Enhanced natural ventilation method for atrium space","An, H.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. Energy saving is a relevant issue nowadays. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) occupies the largest portion both in residential and non-residential field. This consumption goes with the demand for thermal comfort of occupants. It is a prevalent way of sustainable design to substitute the mechanical HVAC system with a passive system. In this paper, natural ventilation principles and strategies to enhance the natural ventilation for glass facade atrium spaces are researched.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:a54f2734-fa0e-499c-b3e1-e77f84ceff09","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a54f2734-fa0e-499c-b3e1-e77f84ceff09","Wave energy: Research about the potential for a small habitable island in The Netherlands","Van Rooijen, B.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. Wave energy is a relatively unknown source of sustainable energy with great potential. This paper will give an overview of the possibilities of wave energy for the built environment.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:abce8fb3-a65e-4310-b3f3-8b5650d4e3b2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:abce8fb3-a65e-4310-b3f3-8b5650d4e3b2","Adaptive facade systems: Climate regulation utilizing kinetics and smart materials","Doulkari, K.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. The paper focuses on climate responsive facades, using kinetics and smart materials. Principles are studied and cases are analyzed, taking the thermal comfort for the occupants into account.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:0fff4884-0d3d-4d3a-9aac-592409d3d9f1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0fff4884-0d3d-4d3a-9aac-592409d3d9f1","Material selection in design: An environmental effects-based approach","De Vries, S.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. This paper is a reflection on the way how to minimize the environmental impact of building materials. Both the aspects to be taken into account are discussed and a method of selecting materials are presented. This method is applied to a design situation.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:3f015574-e474-43a8-a708-f441bc8ddc86","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3f015574-e474-43a8-a708-f441bc8ddc86","Phase Change Materials in the building industry","De Haan, H.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. In this paper is focused on the application of 'phase changing materials' (PCMs) in buildings as a design strategy that deploys local characteristics intelligently into the sustainable design of buildings. This material is applied in buildings to absorb excess heat and cold and so reduce heating and cooling peak loads, and at the same time increase thermal comfort. The main working principles of PCMs, their critical material properties and the various ways in which they can be integrated into buildings are discussed, as well as the history and current developments of PCMs in the building industry. Also the types of application are evaluated and fit into an actual design.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:3d1ef14e-174f-4a0e-b8b3-ffbda051346c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3d1ef14e-174f-4a0e-b8b3-ffbda051346c","Fieldwork coastal engineering, Varna, Bulgaria","Wolters, H.J.; Melllink, B.; Van Velzen, G.; Verbruggen, W.; Van de Sande, S.; Simoons, E.; Krom, J.K.; El Hamdi, A.; Kalf, P.; Lin, C.H.; Willems, J.; Jelia, J.","","2011","On the first day research is done at a beach north of Varna, which is called Sirius Beach. This research is presented in chapter 2. In the research the waterline and cross sections are compared with the previous years. The following is concluded: there is a strong seasonal variation which influenced the measured data, there is a decreasing trend of erosion at the north side and increasing at the south side of Sirius beach and finally the beach is heading towards an equilibrium. In chapter 3 a research to the breakwater next to Sirius Beach is done. Conclusion of the research is that the breakwater shows a lot of damage. This damage is caused by wave attacks during storms. The stones were to small and could be lifted by waves. Also research is done to the breakwater in front of the Grand Hotel Varna. Conclusions are that there is no good cost-benefit analysis done before constructing the breakwater, the breakwater is never finished which brings with it that the parts of the breakwater are still in stock and the freeboard is too low. So overtopping happens a lot. And finally the entrance is at the wrong position, so in the summer (the period the breakwater is used) the waves enter the harbor. The second day of the fieldtrip the group went to Asparuhovo Beach. This beach at the south side of Varna is described in chapter 4. Two cross sections are made and depth measurements are done by an echo-sounder. The most important conclusion is that a sand bank in front of the coast is observed in this year, which wasn’t at this location in 2010. This might be a result of the weather, because in 2011 the weather was much better than the year before. Future measurements should confirm of reject this hypothesis. An analysis of the breakwater at Asparuhovo Beach gave us the result that in the construction of the breakwater some mistakes are made. A pipe in the breakwater is a weak point, the combination of the tetrapots with the stones is a bad filter and the concrete slab at the top of the breakwater isn’t flexible. Chapter 5 will give an overview of the Sieve Analysis done by the samples taken from Asparuhovo Beach. The most important conclusions are that the calcium percentage in the sand is lower than 10%. So it does not affect the sieve curves. The beach is rather uniform in long shore direction, the finer sand is found off shore and the coarser sand can be found at the waterline and off shore the sand is more well-graded than at the beach. At day four of the trip, two quarries in the neighbourhood of Varna are visited, the Marciana quarry and the Sini Vir quarry. In the Marciana quarry the weight, elongation and blockiness of several stones are determined. Along with these parameters, the determined dn50 and density are presented in chapter 6. Furthermore, based on the estimated significant wave height at Sirius beach (see chapter 3), the required dimensions of the armourstones from both quarries are determined, based on the formula of Van der Meer. The final conclusions are that the available rock in the Marciana quarry isn’t suitable for the repair works of the St. Konstantin groin. The rock in Sini Vir has a higher density which makes it more suitable.","Fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a62b246b-dad7-419e-b54c-27994cecf936","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a62b246b-dad7-419e-b54c-27994cecf936","Future fuel production","Jacobs, E.","","2011","This paper is written for the TIDO-course AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory. The objective of this paper is to see where the possibilities are in future fuel production in a sustainable way, and the integration of it in the built environment. Technologies are compared and evaluated, and the best technologies are put in a practical environment.","AR0532 Smart & Bioclimatic Design Theory","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:db19baa7-3050-470d-a85c-57cc07b41b06","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:db19baa7-3050-470d-a85c-57cc07b41b06","Waterproof Manado: Life must be safe and secure, not only today but also in the future!","Slijk, R.V.; Schadee, L.W.; Knook, P.P.; Van der Salm, G.L.S.; Notenboom, P.D.","Assa, P.K.B. (contributor)","2011","Manado City is growing, its population is increasing. This demands the city to grow outside its borders and even into the sea by using land reclamation. Introducing new challenges or making challenges bigger, which are already present. Not only growth is present in the city, going forward and becoming better and better is an on-going fight for cities. The city came up with a vision “Manado, Model City of Eco Tourism” and a mission “Make Manado a City of Happiness” for their future. Introducing a study on this subject and to anticipate on the city’s goals, the research question is stated as; What are the options to supplement Manado’s vision and mission, making the city more safe and attractive for tourists and citizens? Within this research, two other challenges regarding Manado city will be investigated as well. In the year of 2003 a major flood occurred in the city, causing great damage to the city with many casualties. Nowadays, the risk of flooding is still present. Secondly, a challenge arises at the border of the city . The coastline of Manado suffers from erosion at specific locations, possibly caused by development of the reclaimed land in the past. Narrowing the research, an analysis will be made upon selected subjects. Analysing the coastal protection, river floods and the city’s Vision and Mission gives a clear view of the current state and what could be expected from the future. The goal is to come to a sound idea of the needs and possibilities related to coastal protection, Kota Manado and its Vision and Mission. Working towards advices, different time paths and desires are noticed. Besides recommendations, which can be adopted at any time, found solutions are divided in short, mid and long term time spans. On short term the rivers and garbage have to be handled and nuisance of either one increases day by day. At many places the river is blocked. Removing these blockages is a good start. In addition, the embankments and beds can be ‘smoothened’, to improve the river’s flow. Besides the river attention on the short term, garbage clogs up the city. Waste Management Control is already improving. Clean ups have to be supported by the government, giving a good example to its citizens. By these measures a start is made to work towards real solutions, coming to an Improved Garbage Service. As mentioned before, improving the Waste Management Control is a continuing process. Besides the short term, this solution has a mid-term basis too. By adaption of the 3R-principle, garbage will be even less. This principle represents the Reduction, Reuse and Recycle of materials. The amount of waste will reduce and the city will be cleaner, although it will take a while to adopt. Measurements need to be coordinated and monitored. Making so-called Pre-Project-Planning gives benefits to make them successful. This should not only be used in this case, but also for regular Civil Engineering projects. Erosion is another problem Manado City is facing nowadays. However, its effects evolve more slowly and are thereby less noticeable. The coastline of Manado can be divided in three sections. Section one consists of the Southern part of the coastline and the municipality is already undertaking action to stop the erosion. The adopted measures are well designed and thought through. Even on places where there’s little area to construct a protection, the chosen measure could also be used.Section two is located near the boulevard area. Large land reclamations are constructed along the shore. The reclaimed areas are well protected by big stones and do not suffer from any erosion. These large land reclamations, however, do have side effects. One of them is the change in the current, leading to a flow towards the ’Bunaken’ coral reef area. This flow transports a lot of sediment, dust and garbage and killing a lot of fish and coral. So, for future land reclamations, an investigation into these effects must be done if the city really cares about its environment and wants to prevent it from destroying. Section three is situated in the North of Manado. The protection of the northern coastline consists of vegetation and Mangroves. Due to certain changes in the past, among others construction of reclaimed areas, part of the northern shoreline started to erode. The continuing process of erosion can be resolved on a mid-term base. With solutions like, for instance Mangroves, it can stop the erosion and improve the environmental value of the coastline as well, leading to an eco-friendly solution. A sustainable future for the city of Manado is obtained by their vision “Manado Model City for Ecotourism” and mission “To Make Manado City a city of Happiness”. The government cannot do this on its own. Involving and, most important, convincing the local community of the vision and mission will speed up the progression. This combines the short and long term philosophy. On short notice the local community has to be convinced and at the same time, the long term vision and mission can be fulfilled too. Manado City has a great amount of opportunities to fulfil their mission and are they are well available. Even small improvements can make a change. A good example to use the opportunities and to anticipate on the mission and vision of the city is to construct several parks or a beach in the centre of town. A park or a beach can be created to attract not only tourists but also local citizens. For tourists, including divers, it will be a welcoming relaxing spot to comfort their stay in Manado. So in this way it will give the mission and vision of Manado a tremendous boost.","Indonesia; Sulawesi; flood protection; eco tourism; coastal erosion; erosion protection","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:cdbf56a1-a46c-47ab-8df0-62cda8fbd4e9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cdbf56a1-a46c-47ab-8df0-62cda8fbd4e9","Vung Tau - Co Gong dam, Vietnam","Dekens, B.; Meerdink, L.; Meijer, G.J.; Sirks, E.; Van Vliet, R.","","2011","The area around Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) faces flooding and salt intrusion problems. Flooding problems are caused by intensive rainfall in the city, high river discharges and high tides on sea. Dr. Hoc, the vice-minister of MARD (Vietnamese Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development) proposed to construct a hydraulic structure downstream of HCMC. This will solve both the flooding and siltation problem. A possibility is to construct a dam between Vung Tau and Go Cong. This solution has been worked out into a preliminary design, which includes a design for the cross section and an investigation into the closure method. The hydraulic system where the project will be constructed consists of the Saigon - Dong Nai river system and the East Sea, and can be classified as an estuary with a (mainly semi-diurnal) mixed tide. Waves are moderate in the area. A dam will be constructed between Go Cong and the Dong Nai navigation channel. Over the Dong-Nai navigation channel to Vung Tau a bridge is planned, to minimise navigation delays and changes in tidal and salinity range in the Can Gio mangrove forest. To make a closed basin, Can Thanh will be connected with the dam near the Dong Nai navigation channel. Ship locks and discharge sluices will be constructed at the sides of the existing navigation channel in the Soi Rap. The final closure of the dam will take place in the Soi Rap navigation channel. A road on the dam will connect Vung Tau with Go Cong. Because there is no subsoil information available at the location of the dam, the soil layering and parameters are estimated based on information from locations in the vicinity of the dam. Three different soil profiles were drawn up. Measures have to be taken to increase the bearing capacity of the subsoil and decrease settlements during the lifetime of the dam. If thick layers of weak subsoil is present, drainage in combination with pre-loading will be the best solution. In case of a stronger subsoil partial replacement with sand is favourable. To build the dam, the use of local material is a cheap and easy solution. Near Vung Tau a number of areas are present where sand can be obtained. Rock can be found in mountains in the neighbourhood of Vung Tau. Since there is already a stone quarry in this area, it is assumed that the rock is of good quality. By means of a Multi Criteria Analysis it was found that a building a dam with a sand core is the best solution in this project. Degradation or even failure of (elements of) the structure may occur as a result of loadings during the operational phase or in accidental situations. The principal failure mechanisms for the VT-GC dam are checked. Slope, crest and toe protections were designed to prevent failure. Two designs were made for the cross section of the dam: one with an outer slope revetment made of asphalt and one for an outer slope revetment made of rock. The biggest differences in these designs can be found in the crest height and layer thicknesses. The construction of the dam should start with the construction of the bridge and work islands. Next, the discharge sluices and navigation locks will be made in building pits. Then the dam will be constructed. This starts with the foundation and scour protection which will be constructed using barges. Waterborne equipment is preferred because of the easier logistics and larger capacities. The core material, filter layers, underlayer, toe and armour layer will be constructed layer by layer to be able to raise the relatively steep slopes. Where water depths are too low, cranes operating from pontoons or rolling equipment can be used. After completion of the core and revetment, the crest is constructed and the dam can be finished with the construction of the road. The closure of the final gap is a very important aspect within the construction of the dam. A storage area approach is used to determine the system behaviour during closure. High velocities in the final gap make it impossible to close the gap with sand. A bottom protection is necessary in the final gap to prevent a scour hole, caused by high velocities, from developing too close to the dam. The gap is closed with coarser material than sand. A combination of vertical and horizontal closure will be used. First barges dump stones to a level of MSL -5 m. When the water is too shallow, dumping will continue from the sides of the closure gap. The final dam profile in the closure gap will be similar to the regular dam sections. A general estimation of the cost for the total project, based on costs in reference projects, is 3.1 billion US dollar. The Dong Thap Muoi region is a very important agricultural area for the production of rice. Due to the low river discharges and the large influence of the tide, the salt concentrations in the Vam Co rivers are high, causing problems for the farmers. An estimation of the salt intrusion length was made using a predictive steady-state salt intrusion model, according to Savenije. Unfortunately it was not possible to perform salinity measurements in the Vam Co River, so data from three fixed measurement stations was used. With this data, it was possible to fit the model roughly but more data is needed to make the model more accurate. Student report for a Master Project.","","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a6551ef8-bec9-4e72-98ba-d862814f0f6b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6551ef8-bec9-4e72-98ba-d862814f0f6b","iSiLucia: Back channel and weir design","Van Alphen, S.; Reijmerink, B.; Stoeten, K.; Tuin, H.; Vinke, D.J.","","2011","This report describes the process of the design of the “Waterdraer”, a new connection between the Mfolozi and the St Lucia estuary. The different process steps of Systems Engineering have been used as a guideline during the design. In short, the main goal of the Waterdraer is to transport fresh water into St Lucia without a long extensive back up of water in the Mfolozi. In the beginning of the report the following research question was defined: · What is the most optimal solution for restoring and enhancing some of the features of the original ecologic St Lucia estuary system, in relation to the short term possibilities? The St Lucia estuary and surroundings are part of the GEF project in the iSimangaliso Wetland Park. The GEF project involves many different stakeholders and complex problems. Even in the short term there are a lot of interests at stake. First, there is the need for fresh water into the St Lucia estuary, the Narrows, and lakes. Secondly, there are the sugarcane farmlands that should be “protected” against flooding. Thirdly, there is a need for biologic and ecologic exchange between the sea and iSimangaliso Wetland Park. Finally there is a need for an open St Lucia mouth connection for local fishery. The difficulty of these problems is that they are all interdependent. However, the four problems are also conflicting with one another. The current situation shows that the old Back Channel is not sufficient enough to provide enough water inflow without backing up water in the Mfolozi floodplain. Even when the Mfolozi berm height is sustained the discharge of the “natural” weir in the old Back Channel is too low. As a result the water levels could rise too fast and would lead to an artificially or even a natural breach. Even a small flood could not be sustained to prevent a (artificially) breach of the berm. An open Mfolozi berm results in the malfunctioning of the old Back Channel. In the past years a lot of knowledge about the problems and systems has been gained. Mismanagement during the past 50 years becomes gradually accepted and the iSimangaliso Wetland Park authority has changed the management strategy of the iSimangaliso Wetland Park. One of the preferred long term options is bringing back the combined mouth dynamics. Currently, this is not an option because management conflicts and uncertainties about such impact are unsolved. The improved Back Channel (the Waterdraer) anticipates to the customer needs by providing an easy implementable short term solution. The Waterdraer its main goal is to bring enough fresh and sediment free water into St Lucia to counteract the hypersalinity during droughts. In addition, it should limit the effects of flooding on the lower floodplains. The Waterdraer variant consists of the widening of the recently excavated new Back Channel. The bottom level is decreased towards 0m GMSL, which is assumed to be the current height of the “main” channel of the Back Channel. The threshold of (artificially) breaching the Mfolozi berm is set at +1.8m above GMSL. The proposed threshold level is depended on two factors. Firstly the amount of flooding allowed on the floodplains and secondly the largest flood wave that has to be retained. A new weir inside the new Back Channel is designed as the control notch of the system. The weir creates a “controllable” situation and minimizes the effects of sediment transport. The crest height and width of the overflow determine the size of the flow into St Lucia. The width of the weir is based on the maximum flow velocity at which erosion occurs in mangrove forests, and on the minimum flow required to fulfill the requirements. A stilling basin of soft materials (logs) is designed to dissipate the energy of the water that flows over the weir. Modelling in SOBEK shows that the improved Back Channel could have provided a flow of approximately 64Mm3 considering the discharge of the last 4. months. The latter is based on the condition that the maximum water level behind the Mfolozi berm would be increased to +1.8m GMSL. An interesting remark is that the water level has not exceeded +1.5m GMSL during this period. In addition, the artificial breach of the Mfolozi berm in July 2011 has been kept out the model in order to simulate the natural situation of the Mfolozi mouth. Lawrie and Stretch (2011) mention that hypersaline conditions in the St Lucia lakes can be prevented if the Back Channel provides a water inflow of at least 5Mm3/month, which is 60Mm3/year. The SOBEK model and a simple water balance model suggest that even small floods (single peak flood waves with a peak height . 75m3/s) are retained behind the berm. Finally, the Waterdraer could drop water levels in the Mfolozi from +1.8m GMSL back to + 1.5m GMSL in five days if such a flood occurs. Floods above 75m3/s result in a natural breach which means long flooding periods on the floodplains are no longer present. In short, the Waterdraer offers an easy implementable short term solution that counteracts hypersalinity in the St Lucia lakes. Furthermore, it minimizes the effects of flooding on the floodplains that lie above +1.5m GMSL. Due to the retention basin behind the Mfolozi berm sediment inflow into the Narrows is reduced to acceptable levels. The effect on marine distribution is considered to be minimal. In comparison with a combined mouth the new Back Channel does not provide enough inflow to breach the St Lucia mouth by itself.","St. Lucia; salt intrusion; hypersalinity; iSimangaliso; Mfolozi","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:9ec5078c-c02a-43db-99b9-00bde8871b58","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9ec5078c-c02a-43db-99b9-00bde8871b58","Wind farm energy: Design Synthesis Exercise Spring 2011; Group S12: Final report","Boonman, D.; Broich, C.; Deerenberg, R.; Groot, K.; Hamraz, A.; Kalthof, R.; Nieuwint, G.; Schneiders, J.; Tang, Y.; Wiegerink, J.","Bierbooms, W. (mentor); Groves, R. (mentor); De Visser, C. (mentor)","2011","This technical report was written as a part of the Design Synthesis Exercise (DSE), part of the third year Aerospace Engineering Bachelor curriculum of the Delft University of Technology. Ten students, together forming DSE group S12, have worked together for eleven weeks to come to this result. The report describes the design of an innovative system to increase wind farm efficiency. After reading this report, the reader should understand the design process and the design itself. When reading this report, some prior knowledge of the working principles of wind farms, economics, aerodynamics and structures is helpful to fully understand the content and derivations. However, without this prior knowledge the general outline should be understandable for most readers.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","Aerodynamics, Wind Energy & Propulsion","","","",""
"uuid:ed78fb13-3356-404c-980c-4103890cef17","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ed78fb13-3356-404c-980c-4103890cef17","Turbulence in shallow jet flows","Bergsma, E.W.J.; Bogaard, T.","Uijttewaal, W.S.J. (contributor)","2011","The general flow pattern of an open channel flow, downstream of a width restriction by two artificial dams, is analysed. A physical Froude-scaled model, under hydraulic rough conditions, with a significant large Reynolds number is used to ensure turbulent flow. Upstream of the dams the flow is uniform in transverse direction, in between and downstream of the narrow part a jet is formed. On both sides of the jet large eddies are formed bounded by the wall, the jet and the dams. Due to the large velocity gradient in transverse direction a mixing layer develops at both sides of the jet. The width of the mixing layer, as expected, grows with the downstream distance and exceeds the water depth. 2D structures are clearly visible by injecting dye. In the mixing layer besides the macro time and spatial scales, the small Taylor and Kolmogorov scales are present. Whereas the macro scales are well represented in the measured data, the small scales are impossible to mark due to limitations of the Doppler device. When there is initial no net momentum in transverse direction present the jet is expected to appear symmetrical. However the jet is aligned to one of the sides every time the model starts to run. The preference for one or the other side seems to be random and cannot be related to momentum in transverse direction in between the dams. During measurements the position of the jet is stationary. The fixed position of the jet during measurements can be related to the Coand? effect. When the flow is disturbed and transverse momentum is added to the upstream flow, the jet can be deflected. The position of the jet and the evolving mixing layers can be related very well to the measured velocities upstream. Due to the limitations of the used momentum balance equation and use of the mean velocity in the bottom friction calculation the measured head loss is large compared to the calculated dissipative terms (bottom friction and Carnot loss).","turbulence; jet; shallow water; mixing layer","en","student report","","","","","","","","2011-07-13","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Environmental Fluid Mechanics","","Additional Thesis","",""
"uuid:2b72e109-a639-4b96-9acc-b35c7d52ef89","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2b72e109-a639-4b96-9acc-b35c7d52ef89","Surgidero de Batabanó Harbor, Cuba","Hopmans, R.; Van Kessel, L.; Lendering, K.; Oud, M.; Tromp, R.","Córdova López, L. (contributor)","2011","The harbor of Surgidero de Batabano is a harbor that lies in the Gulf of Batabano in the South-Western part of Cuba. It serves as a connection between the main land of Cuba and the islands 'Isla de la Juventud' and Cayo Largo. The Batabano harbor suffers from sediment accretion. The accretion of sediment is harmful to port operations, since the depth of the quays and approach channel decreases gradually and ships are no longer able to enter the harbor. Since 1959 maintenance dredging is required every 4 years inside the manoeuvre area of the harbor, along the quay and inside the approach channel, in order to keep the harbor available for shipment. This is a costly operation. The Cuban harbor authority, APN (Autoridad Portuaria Nacional), want this problem to be solved. When considering the problems described above, the goal of this project is defined by the following: 'To reduce the frequency of dredging of accreted sediment in the harbor of Surgidero de Batabano, while keeping in mind costs, future plans, impact on the environment as well as local facilities'. Furthermore it is very important to calculate the amount of sediment accreting in the harbor and its origins. This information is useful when considering the solutions for the problems. During the analysis of the project, the project site has been investigated by literature and a site visit. The boundary conditions have been determined and the technical demand have been specified. The desires of the APN have been taken into account as well. Using all information obtained in the project analysis, the sediment transport processes inducing the accretion of sediment in the harbor have been analysed. Using theory, calculations and computer simulations, it was discovered that a combination of alongshore and cross-shore sediment transport governing the accretion in the harbor: - Alongshore transport of sediment along the coast, mainly from East to West, generated by normal wave conditions from an East/South-East direction. Sediment transported by this alongshore current, will be deposited in between the breakwaters; - Cross-shore transport of sediment perpendicular to the coast, where both sediment from deeper waters as well as accreted alongshore sediment in front of the harbor is transported by normal and extreme conditions. With the source of sediment known, several preliminary designs were created. Using a Multi Criteria Analyses, cost estimation and risk evaluation 4 preliminary designs were selected to be designed in further detail; extension of the existing Eastern breakwater, extension of the Western breakwater, a combination of these two and the current solution (remain dredging every 4 years). The main reasons for selecting these designs are: efficiency against accretion one the one hand and the wishes of the APN on the other hand. In order to obtain an optimal solution, the above mentioned designs were varied in layout. From these 9 layout options the 4 best options were selected as final designs to be further elaborated. These were a Western breakwater (attached and detached), an Eastern breakwater and a combination of a Western- and an Eastern breakwater. Using theory, calculations and computer simulations, the effectiveness against accretion in the harbor was estimated. Every design was evaluated using an Multi Criteria Analyses (MCA). The costs of each design has been determined. Using both costs and the MCA the best design was selected. The design to be recommended, is the combination of an extension of the existing Eastern breakwater and the expansion of the Western breakwater. Though this is not the cheapest option nor the most effective against accretion of sediment, the combination of these factors give the best overall results for a life span of 50 years. Another great advantage of this design, is the fact it can be built in two phases: first the Eastern and last the Western breakwater. In this was APN will be able to spread the costs of the construction of the design over a longer time.","Cuba; sedimentation; coastal morphology; sediment transport","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:7632f375-8fa0-4680-a00a-3a01b7be0386","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7632f375-8fa0-4680-a00a-3a01b7be0386","Smart Reuse of Glass Bottles","Balraj, M.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. In the present day's context, consumerism has rapidly increased and it creates an enormous amount of packaging waste. Furthermore, the building industry consumes 40% of the total raw materials produced in the world. These two observations make it interesting to think about reusing packaging waste in the building industry. This manual shows the possibilities for reuse of glass bottles in the building industry. It provides information on the current manufacturing and recycling process of glass bottles, technical specifications of the material, case studies and practical tips.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:894ecbfd-68d6-4a76-b646-9e067573fd44","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:894ecbfd-68d6-4a76-b646-9e067573fd44","Stilt Houses: Principals of smart design","Muris, V.L.C.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. Climate change causes the sea level to rise and affects the rain intensity. Together with the presence of dehydratation and salinization in the dry seasons, this increases the importance of water storage areas. Combined use can be made of these areas by applying stilt houses. This manual is meant to give the designer insight to the structural aspects of the construction underneath the pile dwelling. In order to enthuse the reader to create a more sustainable structure, new sustainable principals in stilt house design are mentioned.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:c0408f29-a8ab-450e-b30f-65c55b9fd22a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c0408f29-a8ab-450e-b30f-65c55b9fd22a","Go with the Flow: Principles and examples of natural ventilation","Van Agtmaal, B.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. With an increasing need for more sustainable buildings, natural ventilation presents us with a low-energy and low-cost solution. This manual inspires designers to apply natural ventilation, by offering practical examples on how to integrate natural ventilation in the building design. Both wind driven and thermal driven ventilation are treated.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:d842dd5f-a191-430d-b5df-78c96abc3279","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d842dd5f-a191-430d-b5df-78c96abc3279","Urban Agriculture: Using Buildings to Feed Cities","Kim, L.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. By the year 2050, it is projected that the world's population will exceed 9 billion people, with over 70 percent of humans living in cities. The current agricultural practices in rural landscapes lead to several pollution and land use problems. This leads to the importance of growing food in cities to curtail the emissions associated with the transport of food and ansure natural, fresh production while also supporting local economies. The core subject matter of this manual is how to integrate agriculture with buildings within the city.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:b2f457dd-24cd-4c65-9273-531590076b25","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b2f457dd-24cd-4c65-9273-531590076b25","Circle of Wood: The Life Cycle of Timber Structural Elements","Divendal, N.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. The demand for wood is on such a level that people are cutting away too many trees and thus shrink the forests. Furthermore, in the world of today there is too much wooden waste. When using wood for structural elements, it is important to take into account the entire life cycle of the material; to look past the use phase of timber structures. This manual will challenge the designer in making good use of the material, by explaining the four important phases in the life cycle of wood.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:3c38ef23-b89c-423b-8086-50a7fa2989bc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3c38ef23-b89c-423b-8086-50a7fa2989bc","Sustainable Home Renovation for Canadians","McKellar, G.","","2011","This ""designers' manual"" is made during the TIDO-course AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design. There is a staggering amount of existing buildings in Canada which were not built to e efficient, sustainable homes. This manual gives openings for renovating your home efficiently by providing practical information on sustainable living, materials, climate systems and power generation. The Canadian climatic circumstances are used as a starting point.","AR0531 Smart & Bioclimatic Design","en","student report","","","","","","","Campus only","","Architecture","Architectural Engineering & Technology","","","",""
"uuid:54e74a55-7e86-4593-8614-55fcb3250b03","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:54e74a55-7e86-4593-8614-55fcb3250b03","Rivierkundige gevolgen van de 'Nieuwe Lek' bij extreme rivierafvoeren","Smits, T.C.","Sloff, C.J. (contributor)","2011","","deltacommissie; Nieuwe Lek; extreme rivierafvoer","nl","student report","","","","","","","","2011-03-02","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","River Engineering","",""
"uuid:37a2b1c3-43d2-4446-8a61-0c4cf56da4f3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:37a2b1c3-43d2-4446-8a61-0c4cf56da4f3","Erosion of river banks along the Paraná de las Palmas River, Argentina","Den Bieman, J.; Van den Koppel, M.; Van Velzen, G.; Verbruggen, W.","","2010","One of the branches of the Paraná delta is the Paraná de las Palmas River. This branch doesn’t have the biggest discharge but has the most navigation. The situation in the Paraná de las Palmas isn’t without problems though; the river banks show erosion over the whole length of the branch. This erosion has been investigated by the following research questions: - What are the contributions of the different erosion agents to the total erosion rate of the river banks along the Paraná de las Palmas River? - What kind of measures can be taken to decrease the erosion rate, and what are the effects of the different measures? Although the bank erosion occurs in the whole river branch, in answering the research questions, a smaller study area is defined between km 81 and km 90 of the river branch (measured from Buenos Aires), close to the city of Campana. This study area contains one bend and one straight river section.","Parana; river bend erosion; river morphology; revetment; shore protection","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:a58d1e48-ad6d-41ab-be9a-1b79ca04f8a7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a58d1e48-ad6d-41ab-be9a-1b79ca04f8a7","Fieldwork coastal engineering: Varna, Bulgaria","Bakker, M.; Van Bentum, K.; Blaak, N.; Van Doorn, R.; Joppe, C.; Kalpias, A.; Kik, R.; Papadopoulos, D.; Ruijs, M.; Schlooz, G.; Sirks, E.; Tromp, R.; Van der Ven, M.; Vroom, J.","","2010","One week the students stay in the Bulgarian village St. Konstantin, near Varna, at the Black Sea. The main goal of the fieldwork is learn how to deal with problems occurring at data collection and the elaboration and interpretation of the collected data. Several coastal measurements are executed at a couple of beaches and their accompanying structures. Cross-shore profiles are measured, sand samples are taken, waterline positions are obtained and the existing structures are investigated. Also a visit is made to the quarries of Devnya and Tsonevo. During this fieldwork several measurements were done: - Measurements at Sirius beach (cross-section-, waterline- and wave measurements); - Measurements at Azalea beach (cross-section and waterline measurements); - Measurements at Asparuchovo beach (cross-sections, waterline-, vegetation line-, bathymetry- breakwater- and sediment sampling measurements); - Measurements at Lake Varna (bathymetry measurements); - Measurements in the quarry of Devnya.","Fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:ac612904-dbd4-46a2-ae90-129a8c475f19","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac612904-dbd4-46a2-ae90-129a8c475f19","Jakarta dams and walls","Dijkshoorn, G.W.; Dupuits, E.J.C.; Nieuwboer, B.J.; Zwanenburg, S.A.A.","","2010","After giving a short general introduction on the area and the general problems in that area, this report starts with an extensive list of relevant boundary conditions for the Jabodetabek area in chapter 2. The most notable parts of this chapter are the large subsidence for Jakarta and the river discharges in the Jabodetabek area. While still operating on a macro level, bottleneck maps for the situ-situ and sea defense were made in chapter 3. These were inventoried using fieldwork and previous studies. The results of this inventory are three bottleneck maps for the situ-situ with the location of the situ-situ together with a value of damage potential, failure potential or risk of the dam. This approach was not taken for the sea defense due to an utter lack of data. A part of the missing information is gathered by field trips, but not enough to make similar quantifications as for the situ-situ. Instead, a bottleneck map for the sea defense was made based on the visual inspection itself. These bottleneck maps are not meant to give a list of all bottlenecks in the entire Jabodetabek area; merely a list of bottlenecks with a high risk. Locations with a high risk are the most promising locations that could qualify for monitoring and emergency solutions. Before the applicability of monitoring and emergency solutions in the Jabodetabek area can be assessed, an overview of relevant failure mechanisms is given in chapter 4 for both the situ-situ and the sea defense. Likewise, an overview of available monitoring sensors and emergency measures is given in chapter 5 and 6 respectively. This information all comes together in chapter 7. A selection of monitoring sensors is made for selected bottlenecks (from chapter 3) based on the conditions in Jakarta (chapter 2). These conditions and bottlenecks define which failure mechanisms (chapter 4) are dominant for the selected bottlenecks, and which monitoring sensors (chapter 5) are applicable. The dominant failure mechanisms together with the local conditions also determine which emergency measure should be used. There is a strong coupling between monitoring sensor, failure mechanism and emergency measure. The dominant failure mechanism determines which monitoring sensor should be used, and the failure mechanism together with the monitoring sensor determine the warning time. The warning time and dominant failure mechanism determine which emergency measure could be used. Finally, a pre-feasibility of the emergency measures and monitoring sensors is given, compared to conventional, completely new designs. The recommended monitoring sensors and emergency measures are put to the test in chapter 8 and 9 for respectively a situ dam design and a sea defense design. Both these chapters contain an application of monitoring sensors and emergency measures for an existing and a fictional, new design.","Jakarta; flood risk; urban flooding; flood drains","en","student report","TU Delft","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:c50e29e5-625e-4f12-b6bf-14308673ce7e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c50e29e5-625e-4f12-b6bf-14308673ce7e","Sustainability in Inland Shipping: The use of LNG as Marine Fuel","Consuegra, S.C.; Paalvast, M.S.M.","Dubois, A. (contributor); Fallais, D.J.M. (contributor); Habing, R. (contributor); Rotteveel, E. (contributor)","2010","LNG has the potential to reduce echaust gas emissions from vessels. The report explains the basics of LNG: what is it, what are the technical challenges of using LNG as marine fuel, which infrastructure is needed to bunker it and what is the impact on the costs. The report concludes with some measures to assure the succesful adoption of LNG as a marine fuel.","LNG; Maritime","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering","","","","",""
"uuid:7b07fd3c-af6a-46fc-93df-46351ca03c31","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7b07fd3c-af6a-46fc-93df-46351ca03c31","A Systematic Approach of Greek Coastal Zone Management","Lioutas, A.; Tsimopoulou, V.","Stive, M.J.F. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Van Hijum, E. (mentor)","2010","Additional MSc thesis Greece owns the most extensive coastline of all European countries. Greek economy relies on the protection and the development of the coast, where major economic activities take place and where about 60% of the population lives. Despite the crucial role of the coastal zone in Greece, there is no organized integrated act with regard to coastal zone management. This project introduces the development and application of a database of all the Greek coasts. The main objective of this project is to take a first step towards an integrated coastal zone management, by developing a tool for primarily identifying any piece of Greek coast, and secondarily accomplishing a coastal classification with regard to physical characteristics and social-economic activities. In order to decide about the content of the database and to come up with a proper structure, it was first necessary to define the main issues related to the Greek coasts, such as touristic development or environmental protection of a wetland, as well as to identify the possible users of the database and the kind of information that they would demand. The range of possible users has proved to be very wide, and therefore the range of information included in the database is wide too. The main data fields are the following: Type of coast: beach / rocky coast / wetland / port etc Geographical aspects: coordinates / province / prefecture Physical aspects: geological features/ beach length, width/ sediment grain size Hydraulic aspects: wind speed and direction / significant wave height Other general aspects: existence of fisheries / industry / urbanized areas etc. The database has been developed with web-based software and is accessible via the internet in the address www.greekcoasts.info.","Greece; Coastal Zone Management; database development; data analysis","en","student report","","","","","","","","2014-04-26","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:6c8a065a-e7f9-4641-a4c6-c33da9530f0a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6c8a065a-e7f9-4641-a4c6-c33da9530f0a","Design of a pilot dike on Cat Hai Island","Bel, N.; Disco, M.; Kalf, P.; Kluwen, J.; Lin, C.H.; Van de Sande, S.","","2010","Master project report. On behalf of, and in cooperation with the TU Delft and the MARD-CWRCT two dike designs are made for a pilot project on Cat Hai Island. Two different types of revetments are used, namely the Dutch block type revetment Basalton and the classic rip-rap revetment. The designs are based on the available boundary conditions, the new Vietnamese guidelines and the Dutch knowledge. The focus points of the technical design are the geometry, the revetment, toe construction and the settlement. Compared to the current Vietnamese dikes, the design is revolutionary due to the presence of an outer berm. Besides the technical part of the design, the logistics and finance for the pilot project is explored. The different possibilities of producing, placing and transporting together with a time and cost estimations are given. In addition a proposal is given for the maintenance schedule and how to monitor the dike. Eventually two optimal dikes are further investigated, this height is based on zero overtopping and the most economical feasible. The crest heights of the old Vietnamese dikes on Cat Hai Island are around 4,80 m and it has a dike footprint width of 40,20 m. The crest height of the Basalton dike will be one meter higher than that of the rip-rap dike and the rip-rap will be one meter higher than then old dike. Because Baslaton has a larger wave runup than a rip-rap dike. Therefor the footprints of both the new Basalton and rip-rap dike are almost twice as large as the old footprint. The reason for this is because of the use of a berm in the outerslope for the Basalton dike. An estimation of the cost of this project is for a riprap dike, roughly 24 billion VND and for the Basalton dike more or less 21 billion VND.","Vietnam; block revetment","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:405c20e4-b09c-40d8-9c50-221dd9dea3e3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:405c20e4-b09c-40d8-9c50-221dd9dea3e3","Extraction Force Xbloc: Model Tests","De Lange, M.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Reedijk, J.S. (mentor); Muttray, M. (mentor)","2010","This report describes the influence of the slope angle of a breakwater slope, the density of the concrete of the Xbloc armour unit, the vertical position of the Xbloc on the breakwater slope and the roughness of the under layer of the breakwater on the extraction force of an Xbloc armour unit. By testing the extraction force, indirectly the influence of all parameters above on the Xbloc unit interlocking capacity can be described. This research has been done by doing model tests with small scale Xbloc units.","Xbloc; extraction force; breakwater; golfbreker; armour unit; interlocking","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Coastal Engineering","",""
"uuid:0042a20a-3a84-44d8-be8d-f109fdb595fa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0042a20a-3a84-44d8-be8d-f109fdb595fa","Hydrodynamic analysis of the Johor river estuary","Simoons, E.","Stelling, G.S. (contributor); Cheong, H.F. (contributor); Van Maren, D.S. (contributor); Winterwerp, J.C. (contributor); Hasan, G.M.J. (contributor)","2010","Singapore’s coastal waters are characterised by relatively complex tidal behaviour due to it’s location between two large oceans with different tidal regimes. This complex tidal behaviour results in poor understanding of the hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics. The hydrodynamics of the Johor River estuary, including part of the Singapore Strait and the Johor Strait, are investigated with a computational model in order to enhance the understanding of the sediment dynamics. The computational model used for this study is the Singapore Regional Model Refined and Aligned (SRMRA), which was developed applying the Delft3D modelling system. The domain of this validated model covers part of the Andaman Sea, South China Sea and Java Sea. An intra-tidal analysis over a period of 25 hours reveals that the tide propagates throughout the entire study domain up to the northernmost part of the Johor River. During the ebb phase in the estuary, the flow in the Singapore Strait is in the eastern direction. In contrast to many other shallow estuaries, the water levels are observed to be ebb dominant the further upstream. The transport patterns in the Johor River estuary on a larger timescale are described by means of the residual flow. The depth averaged residual flow is stronger and more multi-directional near the mouth of the Johor River estuary than in the upstream part. An ebb dominant and flood dominant channel can be observed. The residual flow in the surface layer is directed in the ebb direction and the residual flow in the third layer from the bed is directed in the flood direction. Moreover, the residual flow in the surface layer is stronger than the residual flow in the lower layer. The model predicts roughly a larger bed shear stress in the southern part of the Johor River estuary than in the northern part. In the area around Pulau Tekong the bed shear stress consequently was found to exceed most of the time 0.1 N/m2, which is considered a reasonable value for the critical bed shear stress for erosion of fine sediments. In the northernmost part of the Johor River the predicted bed shear stress is small enough for a sediment trap to be developed. Analysis of the particle paths shows that during the period of flood tide, flow from the Johor Strait may travel into the Johor River. Once a particle flows out of the estuary into the Singapore Strait during ebb, it is not likely to flow back into the estuary during flooding.These findings contribute to a larger understanding of the hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics of the Johor River estuary.","estuary; tidal channels; tidal computations; singapore","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","Singapore-Delft Water Alliance","",""
"uuid:31cabd8d-6219-4ac6-a72e-0bd6cc283fe9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:31cabd8d-6219-4ac6-a72e-0bd6cc283fe9","A comparison of overtopping behaviour over a permeable and impermeable crest: An insight into overtopping discharges and intensities","Afridi, Z.N.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor)","2010","The purpose of this report is to investigate the differences in overtopping characteristics over the crest of a rubble mound breakwater when the crest is made either impermeable or permeable. Among numerous characteristics that are effected by a modification in the permeability of the crest, this report looks specifically into three separate aspects: the design level changes that are caused by modifications in the permeability of the crest, a comparison of the total and sector-wise overtopping discharges and finally the differences in spatial overtopping intensities between the two. By looking into two well-known overtopping design guidelines for overtopping, namely, Owen and Eurotop, this report aims to look at the differences it would make in designing a breakwater with either an impermeable or a permeable crest. This is done by building a breakwater model in a wave flume and comparing it with the existing guidelines and assessing the changes that best represent the modified model. It is also important to observe how this physical modification of the crest affects the overtopping discharges and spatial overtopping intensities behind the crest of the breakwater. This will be relevant for designers or contractors tasked to make changes to an existing breakwater that results in its crest becoming impermeable. An insight into the overtopping discharges and intensities will be extremely useful to be able to predict the overall changes and cater for them.","overtopping; breakwater; permeability; porosity; waves","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:fff8a2f6-1928-4a99-b71d-815c29ee7b88","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fff8a2f6-1928-4a99-b71d-815c29ee7b88","Evaluation of the Volume-Exchange Model using Van der Meer Laboratory Tests Results","Vilaplana Domingo, A.M.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Stive, M.J.F. (mentor)","2010","This study extends the theoretical approach developed by JUMELET [2010] to acquire a physical description of the notional permeability coefficient applied in the VAN DER MEER stability formulae [1988]. Van der Meer introduced this coefficient to ensure that the permeability of the structure is taken into account, however due to the empirical character of Van der Meer equations and because prior to Jumelet's research there was not an available physical description of the notional permeability factor, the determination of this factor was rather vague. Because of the fact that the stability relationship includes the P-coefficient, it has to be estimated somehow and, therefore, the research carried out by JUMELET [2010] is, to some extent, the starting point to achieve the required physical description of the notional permeability coefficient. To obtain this physical description, the volume-exchange model is introduced, in which the external and internal processes that take place within a breakwater are coupled. The external process is described by a wave run-up model while the internal process is described by the Forchheimer? equation for the water flow through a porous medium. According to JUMELET [2010], the notional permeability parameter P is highly related to the run-up reduction coefficient from the volume-exchange model, and thus Jumelet defines an expression for this coefficient by means of coupling the notional permeability factor with the volume-exchange model. Because of the simplicity of the notional permeability coefficient formula developed by JUMELET [2010], further research is required to analyze the actual correlation between the notional permeability factor and the so-called run-up reduction coefficient (obtained from the volume-exchange model). This study focuses on developing a general formula for the notional permeability coefficient based on JUMELET [2010] and analyzing the real influence of the hydraulic parameters and structural properties on the P-factor. As stated by JUMELET [2010], the permeability of the structure depends not only on the structural properties but also on the hydraulic parameters. In this way, a physical description of the notional permeability coefficient is given and can be applied in Van der Meer stability equations to design breakwaters. Moreover, a damage level analysis has been performed to compare the observed damage by VAN DER MEER [1988] with the estimated damage through the combined method of Jumelet's model, the generalized formula for the notional permeability coefficient and Van der Meer stability equations, which leads to introducing the combined method as a tool to determine the maintenance policies in breakwaters by taking into account the damage that waves causes on them.","Breakwater; Stability relations; Notional permeability coefficient; Damage; Porosity; Volume-exchange model; Run-up reduction coefficient","en","student report","","","","","","","","2010-06-21","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","CoMEM - Coastal and Marine Engineering and Management","",""
"uuid:cbca6ec8-bc9c-4071-be2e-f2f2225879a2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cbca6ec8-bc9c-4071-be2e-f2f2225879a2","Prefeasibility study for the Port of Itajai","Devillé, S.B.; Hooning, E.M.; De Jong, M.S.; Sturm, O.L.M.; Verhage, M.J.","","2010","In southern Brazil, in the province of Santa Catarina, the port of Itajai is situated. The port is located at the mouth of the river Itajai-Acu, about 3 km inland. The Port of Itajai is very important for both the local and national economy because of its role in foreign trade, and due to this prominent role in the community many stakeholders are involved. To allow larger vessels into the harbour of Itajai there has been a constant process of deepening the approach channel and the harbour basin. In order to compete sedimentation process in the harbour basin will change. From a commercial point of view it is very interesting to search for other solutions to keep the river at the required depth besides dredging. There are four main principal solutions to reduce the sedimentation of the harbour basin: reduce the sediment production, reduce the transport capacity of the river, increase the flow velocity and redirect the sediment. All these possibilities have a positive effect on the sedimentation in the harbour. Reducing the transport capacity of the river with the use of a sand trap is expected to have the most effect. with surrounding harbours it is important to allow safe navigation of larger vessels as this results in greater cargo handling at lower cost. Due to recent developments the Port of Itajai is investigating the possibility to receive vessels with a length of 300 m overall, 45 m beam and 14 m draught. The Port of Itajai is facing two different kinds of problems, one concerning the alignment and the other concerning sedimentation. In order to deal with the problems the current situation was mapped. The river, sea and harbour characteristics are given; river discharges, flood events, harbour development, harbour lay out, tide, wind and wave direction. At this moment the approach channel of the harbour deals with some imperfections, which makes it difficult, sometimes even impossible, for the design vessel to sail through the channel. Also the current turning circle is a problem as turning of the new design vessel will be extremely difficult and the safety is questionable. With a cost benefit analysis the best possible location for a larger turning basin is determined and a number of changes for the alignment are given. Without human interventions the estuarine system would be in a dynamic equilibrium. The bathymetry would adjust to varying conditions and oscillate around this dynamic equilibrium depth. This is the depth for which the average annual sedimentation is zero. When the natural dynamic equilibrium is disturbed as a result of deepening the estuary, the system will try to restore itself. This causes sedimentation and maintenance dredging is required to maintain the newly dredged areas. The volume of the required maintenance dredging depends on the extent of the disturbance in relation to the equilibrium situation. A larger deepening will lead to smaller flow velocities and therefore to higher sedimentation rates. The sedimentation that occurs in the Itajai Acu estuary is a complex ensemble of processes, which is influenced by processes at the boundary conditions. The two most important processes are the tidal fluctuations and river discharge. To gain insight in the wet system, hand calculations and a 1D-computer model were made. The effect of a number of human interventions on the Itajai-Acu river are determined with hand calculations. With the 1D-modelling software, SOBEK, the effects of the planned dredging are determined.","port development; river model; scour; quay wall","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:aa15d399-af0d-436f-80ec-295738491c8d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa15d399-af0d-436f-80ec-295738491c8d","Preliminary study of river- and beach processes in the Matina region of Costa Rica","Den Boer, V.J.E.; Joosten, D.A.W.; Melman, F.C.R.; Post, S.","","2009","The starting point for this project are the severe erosion problems at the Pacuare Nature Reserve, situated on the Caribbean coast of Costa Rica. The Reserve’s installations are situated next to a lagoon which is separated from the open sea by a barrier beach. The lagoon is connected on the landward side to local river? and channel system. During periods of high rainfall, the lagoon is susceptible to break through to the open sea. After such breaches, high flow velocities and waves have caused significant land?loss and subsequently endangered the continued existence of the buildings at the Reserve. Since 1989, recorded breaches occurred in 1994, 2005 and 2009. It is believed that erosion of land is mainly caused by breaching events rather than continued coastal erosion by waves or currents. The breaching events may be caused by the increasing channelisation of river and drainage stretches and increasing water discharges by cultivated areas in former natural flood?plains. These interventions may be beneficial for some populated areas who are protected by channelised section and for the economy in certain regions as formerly unused land becomes productive (enabling banana plantations). However, the interventions increase the volume of water to be discharged in a confined space which reduces the capacity to discharge water safely towards open sea. The objective is to present recommendations for safely discharging water during extreme events towards the open sea, in which the ‘small scale’ breakthrough problem forms the criterion for damage for the reserve. The project consists of two areas of interest: river? and beach processes. The river processes were analysed and solutions were sought to safely discharge water using a computer model which models the real life processes. These solutions focus on the macro scale problem, and interfere in the water system as a whole. Analyzing the beach processes involved identifying the key processes in the stretch of coast between the Río Matina and Río Pacuare and modelling these processes in a computer model. Possible small scale solutions were then tested in the computer models and assessed on their effectiveness. These small scale solutions have to be interpreted as interventions the Reserve staff can implement themselves to help prevent the continued erosion during extreme events.","Costa Rica; turtles; beach erosion; river mouth stability","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","10.167783, -83.233984"
"uuid:4dfcd2a2-deed-4ea6-a5c2-47486cd9c5c9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4dfcd2a2-deed-4ea6-a5c2-47486cd9c5c9","Fieldwork coastal engineering: Preliminary design of a floating marina, Varna, Bulgaria","Moerman, E.; Drieman, R.; Mous, B.; Li, L.; Kluwen, J.; Van der Linde, P.; Ritsema, A.; Lioutas, A.; Monden, M.; Tsimopoulou, V.; Jumelet, D.; Bos, M.; Van der Zee, R.; Hoss, F.; Ros, R.","","2009","The beach in front of the hotel Sirius is suffering from a retreating coastline. Bathymetry and beach profiles were measured. With the data from previous years the long term evolution of the coast was analyzed. The main conclusions were that the beach in front of the Sirius hotel is still suffering from erosion and if this erosion trend continues it will damage the hotel itself in just a few years. More to the south the beach was actually a little bit accreting. The reason why only the beach in front of the hotel is eroding is probably because the beach there is at the leeside of the breakwater, which causes a gradient in the longshore sediment transport The hotel owner of Azalia, located at the Azalia beach north of Sirius beach, observed a retreating coastline during some months in the year. Therefore also here the bathymetry and beach profiles were measured. Unfortunately there were no previous measurements to compare the data with. From the beach profile we can conclude that there is probably a seasonal variation in the coastline. During winter the coastline is retreating due to the more severe wave climate. Yet in summer the beach is accreting. It can be possible that sometimes the beach has not accreted enough at the moment the touristic season starts. This can be a problem for the hotel owner because the beach is not wide enough then. A solution then can be found by some minor dredging operations in the form of beach nourishments. The sand can be recovered from deeper water or from shoals at the same beach. It can be assumed that the nourishment is not necessary at the moment but might be a good idea in the next years. Furthermore the owner of hotel Azalia wants to build a new marina a few kilometers to the south of St Constantine. Due to difficulties in obtaining a building permit it will be a floating marina which can be removed in winter, which must be protected by a breakwater. By a Multi Criteria Analysis a floating breakwater that will be removed during winter proved to be the best solution in this case. This breakwater can be designed with the milder wave conditions during summer which is a serious advantage.","Fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria; Floating Breakwater","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:816d1faf-2c68-4c6f-ba3a-d189960cad71","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:816d1faf-2c68-4c6f-ba3a-d189960cad71","Jetty design at Rio Araranguá","Van der Woerdt, W.; Van den Bosch, I.; Heerema, R.; Ruijs, M.","","2009","Master project report. The hydraulic efficiency of the river Araranguá will be increased by the construction of jetties at the mouth of the river. The river tends to migrate from south to north which decreases the hydraulic efficiency and causes flooding upstream during events of high discharge. To stop the migration the construction of jetties at the mouth of river Araranguá is proposed. A design for a jetty system is available (INHP, 1993), but should be updated. Due to the construction of a jetty system longshore sediment transport will be interrupted and this will cause morphological changes. At Araranguá river a large and highly varying longshore sediment transport is present with a high energy wave climate and micro tidal range. These conditions cause increased morphological changes when constructing a jetty system. The objective of this research is to design a jetty system that prevents flooding upstream and induces as less morphological changes as possible. The jetty should be designed at the specified location, using available datasets from previous research and according to modern design standards. Also navigation through the channel should be possible. The channel width and depth are determined by navigational and morphological purposes and are 120 m and 6 m respectively. A weir jetty, which has been implemented in the SW arm of the design, was considered the best sediment bypass system after a multi criteria analysis. Because of the placing of the deposition basin waves could penetrate much further in the jetty channel and lengthening the NE arm to 630 m and a depth of 6,6 m was necessary. The length of the SW arm of the jetty from the previous is kept at 650 meter to a depth of 7,2 meter. The final result of the structural design is a statically stable rubble mound breakwater with granite as construction material. Rock has been applied in the range of 0,4 m (170 kg) to 1,0 m (2,7 tons) in diameter, with a core of quarry run material. In sections where the required rock mass exceeded the threshold value for economical construction (2,7 t), tetrapods have been applied to stabilize the slope. Tetrapods have been applied of 6,6 and 9,7 tons. The total use of material is about 42.000 tons of tetrapods and 490.000 tons of granite rocks. Overtopping requirements determine the crest freeboard and 0,3 meter is added for post construction settlement. The crest width depends on construction considerations. All other dimensions are directly related to the stone size and weight, which are dependent on the design wave heights.","Brazil; tidal inlet; coastal morphology; sand bypass","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:fe20c5e2-051e-45fe-aaa5-aac0bb113e18","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fe20c5e2-051e-45fe-aaa5-aac0bb113e18","Flow velocity at rubble mound breakwaters","Nammuni-Krohn, J.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Uijttewaal, W. (mentor)","2009","Measurements of flow velocities due to wave action on top of shallow toe structures in front of a rubble mound breakwater. Laboratory tests in the Fluid Mechanics lab, TU Delft.","toe structure; rubble mound; breakwater; waves","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:bffa0091-11a1-456d-bf08-ab204ad786f1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bffa0091-11a1-456d-bf08-ab204ad786f1","The Islands, Barbados","Drieman, R.; Hinborch, M.; Monden, M.; Vendrik, E.A.J.","","2009","Master project report. In Barbados the problem arose of lack of space for development on the existing shoreline. Therefore the project ""The Islands"" has been conceptualized. In front of the west coast of Barbados, a group of artificial islands will be created. On the islands there will be space for luxurious villas and hotels. The location of the islands is in the west of Barbados in front of the coast of Brighton Beach and Brandons Beach north of the Barbados Port. For the project ""The Islands"" already some initial work has been performed on basis of which an architect made a design for ""The Islands"". The design consists of a group of islands and some beach extensions. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of the different coastal components of the masterplan and to identify potential impacts of the proposed plan on the coastal environment. For the different parts of the islands the stability in different wave and current conditions has been researched. The main tool for this research was the engineering software package MIKE 21, developed by DHI. With this program calculations have been made to determine the wave climate at the project location and to determine the stability of several components in the design. With wave-energy spectra from a database based on numerical hindcasting, the long term wave climate around Barbados has been determined. With this a more detailed model for the project location with and without the islands has been run to get detailed wave data. After this a stability analysis has been executed to determine the short term stability of the beaches and other components during a swell and a hurricane event. Also a long term beach stability analysis has been executed with LITDRIFT. With the results of the models some conclusions have been drawn and some design modifications have been suggested, such as a revetment, some groynes and maintenance dredging.","resort; longshore transport; Cariben; Barbados","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:9b068962-56a5-4004-ade1-0319065673bc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9b068962-56a5-4004-ade1-0319065673bc","Case study Piçarras Beach: Erosion and nourishment of a headland bay beach","Van den Heuvel, S.; Hoekstra, R.; De Zeeuw, R.; Zoon, A.","","2008","Master project report. Piçarras is one of the touristic beaches of Santa Catarina state in Brazil. Piçarras beach is a headland bay beach. In the bay irregular features like an island, rocky outcrops and shoals are present influencing wave propagation. In the south Piçarras is bounded by Piçarras river. The river mouth has been fixated in 1970, after which erosion started. The part just a few hundred meters north of the river jetty has the most severe erosion. The erosion gradually decreases towards the north, where even some accretion has been measured. When the situation became critical a nourishment was executed in 1999, which has disappeared totally on some places. The decrease in beach width causes a devaluation of the houses and a decrease in tourism which consequently leads to a decrease of employment. It is therefore necessary to investigate the causes and the amount of the erosion and to generate measures to counteract the negative impact of the erosion. Prosul, a Brazilian engineering company, has designed a nourishment of which execution started in July 2008. The main goal of this study is investigate erosion at Piçarras beach and to design a nourishment to counteract the effects of the current erosion. A model has been built to represent the situation at Piçarras beach. With the model the evolution of the nourishment and the evolution of the existing plan of Prosul could be evaluated. The bathymetry has been composed of recent profile measurements and old nautical maps. They have all been related to the reference level of IBGE. To investigate the erosion at Piçarras beach the wave climate has been schematised. The available wave data was given for four direction (NE, E, SE, S) in the form of wave heights and periods. To be able to compare what the results of the incoming wave energy from these four directions were on the erosion and accretion on the beach, a schematisation has been made. A representative average wave per direction has been determined, that supplied the same energy input from that direction as did all the different waves from that direction. Headland bay beaches are historically formed in such a way that the incoming waves and thereby the wave energy, arrive perpendicular at the beach, thus absorbing the incoming wave energy in the most efficient way. This theory formed the basis of this schematisation. The mean tidal variation is 0.6m, at spring tide this is 0.9m. Storm surges lead to a set-up in water level of approximately 1.0m. Currents and wind are not taken into account. The sediment present at the beach has a D50 of 0.285mm. The sand used in the nourishment of 1999 was coarser than the native sand, which had a D50 of 0.260mm. Erosion processes can take the sand either in cross-shore direction or in longshore direction. Without looking at the underlying process, just to get a realistic idea of the erosion and accretion patterns, the amount of eroded sediment has been calculated with shoreline changes and deduced erosion rates [2]. The erosion of the past nine years is calculated to be 395,000 m3. To find out where the sediment is transported to at Piçarras beach a model has been build. First the nearshore wave conditions have been modelled with Delft3D (D3D) for the four wave scenarios. These conditions serve as input for Unibest (UB). This program is applied to model the shoreline changes.","Brazil; headland; coastal morphology; artificial beach nourishment","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:338a4ca1-97d0-4b6d-9866-6919c157f577","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:338a4ca1-97d0-4b6d-9866-6919c157f577","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering, Redesigning Cape Sirius, Varna, Bulgaria","Bakker, S.A.; Ballendux, V.; Eslama Arab, S.; Geerlings, J.; Van de Heuvel, S.; Hoekstra, R.; Kemp, L.; Krohn, J.; Kroon, A.; Schoolderman, J.; Voukouvalas, E.; Wierda, C.; De Zeeuw, R.; Zimmerman, N.; Zoon, A.","","2008","This report is written for the course ‘Fieldwork Hydraulic Engineering’ held between the TU Delft and Sofia University. The course consisted of 19 participants who carried out measurements in and around the small village St Konstantin, near the Bulgarian city Varna, from the 29th of September till 6th of October. The report describes the results and analysis of the fieldwork undertaken in Bulgaria. During this fieldwork local data were collected and a preliminary design was make for a restyling of Cape Sirius and the ship restaurant.","Fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department of Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:5e1d2fed-dc22-4a75-95cb-e818ec41e920","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5e1d2fed-dc22-4a75-95cb-e818ec41e920","Novel techniques for coastal monitoring: A case study near Monster-Ter Heijde","Bitenc, M.; Bloemsma, M.R.; Duijnmayer, K.; Lin, K.; Piozziol, S.; Saleh, M.A.G.; Stam, J.; Widiastuti, E.; Yin, Y.","","2008","There are currently three active projects under development for the Delfland coast, all aiming at reinforcing the coast. The main issue is where to put the sand such that it arrives at the coast in the best place, without causing any damage to e.g. the new nature development. To answer this question, knowledge about sand transport is necessary, and for this purpose Boskalis is designing a measurement campaign within the framework of the so-called Building with Nature project. This synthesis project contributes to this plan by investigating the capabilities of different measurement techniques for usage in coastal monitoring. Using these techniques, the team has gathered information about the coastal topography, bathymetry and grain size distribution of the coast near Monster-Ter Heijde, from the sub-aqueous zone to the first dunes behind the beach. This area is considered a hot spot on the Dutch shore because of its relative vulnerability to a break of the coastal defence. Five acquisition methods have been used in this project: Photogrammetry Terrestrial laser scanning Single beam echo sounding Radioactivity probing GPS Photogrammetry has been used to measure the topography, using two types of platforms, kite aerial photogrammetry and close range photogrammetry. The captured images from the kite aerial photogrammetry have been processed using specific photogrammetric software, leading to two results, an orthophoto and a digital terrain model, both with a resolution of 30 by 30 cm. These first results of the kite aerial photogrammetry are promising, but the achieved accuracy is not high enough yet for precise monitoring. Therefore both the acquisition and the rocessing method should be improved. For the acquisition method, the stability of the platform should be improved and bigger ground control points should be used. For the processing, more professional software, such as Leica Photogrammetry Suite, should be used. Another use of the acquired photograph which has been demonstrated in this project is for land cover classification, by means of a simple classification based on the RGB value of each pixel. Although it has not been validated, this first result is promising and indicates future potential. Another method to measure the topography is terrestrial laser scanning, using two different types of laser scanner, namely the FARO LS880 laser scanner and the Leica ScanStation, which are a phase and pulse based scanner, respectively. The FARO laser scanner has been found to have some restrictions for the purpose of this project, since the dataset contained too much noise to easily extract topography. A night time test scan resulted in data with less noise, which indicates that sunlight could be a factor contributing to the noise. With the restricted time available, further processing of the Faro scanner data was not pursued. Instead, the results of the Leica ScanStation 2 showed to be useful and a digital terrain model of a part of the survey area has been produced. Having problems with the data acquisition, at this point it is not possible to have a fair validation of the results of terrestrial laser scanning, therefore further study is recommended. Next to the topography, it is also found useful to gather the grain size distribution information over the entire area, which has been done with the Medusa radioactivity probing method. The measurements have been done on both the onshore and offshore part of the area. Due to lack of correlation between the grain size and the radiation properties of the samples, it was decided to work with the K (potassium) concentration that has a 1 : 1 negative correlation with the grain size. As the result, K-concentration maps for the offshore and onshore survey area have been produced. The result of the offshore area shows that the sediment in general becomes finer with increasing distance from the coastline. In all cases, more local variations in the K-concentration were found as well, which should be further investigated. On the onshore part, the tidal area shows a relatively low K-concentration, the beach has a rather constant K-concentration, while behind the dunes the K-concentration is relatively high. The single beam echo sounding method has been used to measure the near shore bathymethry of the area, with a jet ski used as surveying platform. As a result, a bathymetric map has been produced. In this map, interesting features are visible, such as the groynes and their scour holes. The sounding measurements have been found to have a standard deviation of 14.5 cm. The opening angle of the SBES transducer and the platform attitude contribute significantly to the standard deviation, mainly due to the fact that the jet ski is not equipped with an attitude or orientation sensor. To relate the standard deviation of the SBES measurements to several parameters (e.g. sailing speed, sailing direction, etc.), a different dataset is needed, i.e. one in which the same area is sailed many times and where only one parameter is changed at a time. These results show that the jet ski single beam echo sounding method is nearly operational. That being said, some improvements in terms of platform and surveying is still needed to achieve a higher quality dataset. All of the aforementioned methods have used GPS for georeferencing purposes, either by measuring control points or by measuring positions of the moving platforms. Another use of GPS in this project is to measure cross-shore sections of the land area which remain wet during low tide and thus are inaccessible to the photogrammetry and terrestrial laser scanning methods. Next to the individual results, data merging has been done for the onshore and offshore datasets. For the onshore datasets, the results of terrestrial laser scanning and kite aerial photogrammetry have been merged into a single digital terrain model of the beach. The result shows that the photogrammetry datasets has distortions near the edges of the photoblock, but it also shows that the differences between the photogrammetry, terrestrial laser scanning and the GPS measurements are small enough. However for a statement on the actual accuracy, a validation with more GPS data is needed. From this result it can be recommended that when a large area of beach is to be measured, the area near the edges of the photogrammetry block can also be measured with terrestrial laser scanning to eliminate distortions. Further, a validation of both onshore datasets has been done by comparison with an existing airborne laser scanning dataset of the area. The comparison shows that the differences of both datasets with the airborne laser scanning dataset show the same deformation. It is important to note that there is no overlap between the onshore and offshore datasets. During the project it was found that the jet ski was unable take valid measurements past the low water line, which means there is no sounding data available for the intertidal area. Therefore, several other acquisition techniques has been recommended to measure the intertidal area, such as videogrammetry. On the offshore side, the K-concentration map has been overlaid with the bathymetric map, which gives a good visualisation of the spread of the K-concentration and shows the correlation between the water depth and the grain size. The general trend is that the grain size decreases with the water depth, however there is a sudden inverse relation visible between 6 m and 3 m water depth. One possible cause for this disturbance might be the sand bar present at this depth interval, which contains foreign sand as a result of earlier beach nourishment, that may have disturbed the natural gradient. The relation between grain size and topography has also been looked into, which showed a negative correlation. These hypotheses could be analyzed when a larger dataset is available in order to increase the certainty and make the correlation stronger. At the end of this synthesis project a strong basis has been initialized for monitoring plan of the coastal reinforcement projects. The suggested monitoring plan is presented for different zones and features of the coastal area where different changes of morphology are expected. The monitoring strategy takes into consideration the capabilities and specifications of the different acquisition techniques as investigated and recommended in this project. According to the parameters of each zone, the most suitable acquisition method is described, together with its spatial and temporal resolution, together with approaches for data analysis. While there is not a single optimum acquisition method to monitor the various events affecting the coastal morphology, it is possible to adapt different types of measurements plan to every event. Therefore the frequency and locations of measurements are relative to the different events taken into account, namely storm, (pre) beach nourishment, and annual changes.","costal monitoring; photogrammetry; terrestrial laser scanning; single beam echo sounding; radioactivity probing; GPS","en","student report","TU Delft","","","","","","","","Aerospace Engineering","Geomatics","","","",""
"uuid:f263f290-3c3a-4e6f-b4f9-ab705721f0e7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f263f290-3c3a-4e6f-b4f9-ab705721f0e7","Ingleses - Brazil: Solutions to urban problems due to coastal morphology","Bardoel, J.W.; Geerlings, J.; Hoonhout, B.; Van Sabben, A.; Zuidgeest, R.","","2008","Master project report. This report describes the research done by the authors to the erosion and dune migration problems in the town Ingleses. Ingleses is located in the north of Ilha Santa Catarina in Brazil. This report describes a follow-up research on the research in 2007 of project group CF71 from Delft University of Technology. The beach erosion in the embayed beach threatens the buildings at the southern stretch of the beach. Furthermore, a large dune field, Moçambique Dune, is migrating towards the north and encroaches houses in the southern part of Ingleses. The aim off this report is to give better insight in the problem and present a solution. Research has been done to investigate the migration speed of the dune and the erosion rate of the beach. This is done by a photo analysis. Aerial photographs from several years and a Geographical Information System are used for this purpose. The average migration speed since 1938 of Moçambique Dune is a little more than three meters per year. In the southern part of Ingleses, the beach erodes one to two meters per year since 1960. The zero-solution is also a part of this research. Using the migration speed of the dune, the damage is quantified in case no measures are taken. Also the damage at the coast is quantified with the use of the erosion rates. Especially the damage at the coast will be significant. This zero-solution is a reference situation for the solution presented in this report and gives insight in the scale of the problems. A maximum loss of 1,5 million euro’s per year is expected in case no actions are taken. The solution presented in this report is a beach nourishment. For the nourishment, sand will be used from Moçambique Dune. This way, two problems are solved at the same time. For the design fill a beach width of 38 meter will be constructed. Also an advanced fill is calculated for a design lifetime of 10 years. The design fill is calculated with the erosion rates calculated with the photo analysis. The fill sand from the dune is coarser then the sand from the native beach. For this reason the beach will be steeper after the nourishment. In the report the construction method for the nourishment is also considered. Two construction methods are elaborated, the use of trucks and the use of pumps and pipelines. For both methods an estimation is made for the construction time and the construction costs. Both construction methods are compared in a Multi Criteria Analysis (MCA). In this comparison the pipelines turned out to be the better method. However, this method is more expensive. The zero-solution and the nourishment are also compared in a MCA. In this comparison the nourishment turned out to be the better solution. The nourishment is also the cheaper solution. Another aim of this project is the improvement of the numerical model made in 2007. Some scenarios are modelled in this research. The first scenario is the situation from 1938 when the sand from Moçambique Dune was an input of the system. Other scenarios are investigated to analyze the bypass at the northern headland. Finally, the scenario with the designed nourishment is modelled. The numerical model appeared to still be extremely sensitive to several parameters that still are not well-known like the wave characteristics and sediment bypass. Further extensive research to these parameters is necessary in order to obtain a reliable model. During this research a lot of additional data about the coastal system around Ingleses is collected and analyzed. Assumptions are verified and a better insight in several important parameters is given. It is concluded that a nourishment is a suitable and feasible solution for the erosion problems. The sand from the Moçambique Dune can be used for this nourishment which is a suitable solution for the encroachment problems as well.","Brazil; Santa Catarina; coastal morphology; Artificial beach nourishment","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:eeda1d7d-4800-4cec-8f73-1b2dc243365c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:eeda1d7d-4800-4cec-8f73-1b2dc243365c","Theoretical Study on Angular Resolution Improvement in FMCW Radar for Automotive Application","Priandana, K.","Ligthart, L.P. (mentor)","2008","This study is about the utilization of Frequency Modulated Continous Wave radar system for automotive application to detect the distance between the moving vehicle (in this case. Super Bus) and target(s) in order to avoid collision. A high resolution is required to maximize the system performance, especially the angular resolution, which is important for the vehicle s control unit to make the decision for breaking or steering. In order to produce a higher angular resolution, a -quantity of data obtained from some number (N) of radar position (due to the vehicle movements) are further processed and observed. This report describes several methods of processing the data: constant phase term processing and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) concept processing. Two approaches of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR), Linear FMCW beamforming and Stepped Frequency FMCW beamforming, were investigated and compared by conducting several related simulations which are briefly described in this report. From the simulations, it was found that higher angular resolution can be obtained by increasing the number of measurements data, N. Another important finding is that the stepped frequency FMCW beamforming approach produces higher angular resolution compared to linear FMCW approach. However, the utilization of one radar sensor to detect one target results in ambiguity problems. The ambiguity problems found in the “one radar and one target” case can be reduced by utilizing two radar sensors (multistatic radar). To investigate the utifization and processing of multistatic radar, three possible beam processing (beam subtraction, beam addition, and beam multiplication) for two radar sensors were studied and compared by conducting several related simulations. From the simulations, it is found that beam addition and beam multiplication can solve the ambiguity problem in one plane, and that beam multiplication results in a better angular resolution. However, to solve the ambiguity problems in two plane (horizontal and vertical), three radar sensors will be required. The possibility to combine the phase processing method with the beam multiplication method to obtain a high angular resolution is also described in the report. From the study, it is concluded that the FMCW radar angular resolution can be significantly improved with several conditions and compromises.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","","","","",""
"uuid:68c96121-6a35-4fde-bf73-1659adb72435","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68c96121-6a35-4fde-bf73-1659adb72435","Erosion of the beach of Historic Varadero, Cuba","Kaput, N.; Koenis, M.P.T.; Nooij, R.; Sikkema, T.; Van der Waardt, T.P.","","2007","Master project report. This report handles the erosion problems on the main tourist resort of Cuba, Varadero, situated on the Peninsula de Hicacos. With a length of 22 km, a maximum width of 500 m, The Peninsula de Hicacos constitutes a natural barrier separating the shallow waters of Cardenas Bay from the Florida Strait (Figure 1-3). Measurements in the past decades have indicated a local coastal regression of 1.2 mjyear on this peninsula, endangering future tourist activity and structures on the beach. The main objectives of this research are to make an analysis of the erosion and to find a way to protect the Peninsula de Hicacos from future structural erosion. First, extensive research to the history and characteristics of the peninsula is done, provid ing information on i.e. former research, bathymetry and sand characteristics. After that, possible causes for the erosion problems on the whole peninsula are identified. Identified possible causes are longshore transport gradients, sediment transportation by wind, reduction of the input of sand by the Algae Halimeda, global sea level rise and sand mining in the past. To investigate the possible causes on its' significance, they are quantified . The longshore transport is quantified by using a software model called : UNIBEST, which was used after computations by hand with the formulas of BIJKER, CERC and QUEENS to verify the model and to get insight in the matter. The mean longshore sediment transport capacity found along the coast was about 100,OOOm3 per year (varying between 89,000 and 134,000 m3 per year along the coast). Wind causes about 175,000 m3 of sand of the peninsula to move landward per year (using CRESS), but as it is not clear how much sand is trapped in the dunes no estimation can be done about the amount of sediment that is lost by wind transport. The input of sediment by the Algae Halimeda is neglected in this research as no sensible estimation can be given, and neglecting is the most conservative approach. Global sea level rise causes a coastal regression of 0.132 m/year, resulting in a loss of sand of 11,500 m3 of the peninsula per year. Sand mining in the past could have influenced the erosion problems, but as it is almost 30 years ago, it does not cause extra erosion nowadays.","Cuba; artificial beach nourishment; coastal protection","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:49487a06-3b2c-4dc6-937d-eeee2bcd0878","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:49487a06-3b2c-4dc6-937d-eeee2bcd0878","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering: Preliminary design of an artificial island in the Black Sea, Varna, Bulgaria","Van Bemmel, M.; Bénit, M.; Croonen, K.; Mulders, P.; Hiemstra, B.; Hillen, M.; Hoyng, C.; Karamperidou, A.; Schoutens, P.; Sluijsmans, R.; Smits, M.; Valk, A.; Vanidis, G.; Verduin, F.; De Winter, R.; Vanlishout, V.","","2007","From Sunday September 30th until October 7th, a group of 16 Hydraulic engineering students and one teacher went to Bulgaria. Three Bulgarian students and two Bulgarian teachers from Sofia University of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Geology joined them at their arrival in Varna. The students were given an assignment concerning the construction of an artificial island in the Black Sea to facilitate a new hotel. All kinds of measurements were done to aid in the preliminary design. Some of the data analysis had to be done in Bulgaria, but most was done afterwards in Delft. Additionally some excursions were made to nearby quarries, breakwaters and other interesting sites. This report gives the outcomes of the measurements, an analysis of the results and conclusions on the assignments. It serves as a preliminary technical report about the assignment, which can be used to aid in the beginning of the design process.","Fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:7ef85927-c43b-4f72-abea-d1a3074dcec7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7ef85927-c43b-4f72-abea-d1a3074dcec7","Ingleses - Brazil: Urban problems due to coastal morphology","Boeyinga, J.; Dusseljee, D.; Pool, A.; Schoutens, P.; Verduin, F.; van Zwicht, B.","da F. Klein, A.H. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Stive, M.J.F. (mentor); Storms, J.E.A. (mentor)","2007","MSc Project Hydraulic Engineering - Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences, Section Hydraulic Engineering and Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Centro de Ciências Tecnológicas da Terra e do Mar. - The town of Ingleses on Santa Catarina Island, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, is threatened by nature at two different fronts. At the northern side of the town lies Ingleses Beach which appears to be subject to ongoing erosion. This forms a threat to the houses near the shore and diminishes the recreational value of the area. On the southern side, the town is threatened by a migrating dunefield, which is encroaching onto the houses and infrastructure. According to locals, dozens of houses have already been buried under the sand. The aim of this report is to give full insight in the situation and to find a number of possible solutions to the problems. There are, in fact, two dunefields in the area around Ingleses. The second dunefield does not pose a direct threat to the town, but passes the town on its eastern side. This dunefield is nevertheless very important, as it supplies a significant amount of sediment to Ingleses Beach. Research has been done to investigate how both dunefields migrate. An important result of this research is that the first dunefield (that is overwhelming the houses on the south side of the town) has never reached all the way to the beach. It had been previously assumed that the erosion of the beach was, wholly or partially, caused by the fact that sediment from the first dunefield could no longer reach the beach due to the urbanization between the dunefield and the beach. This assumption however has proven to be false. Another important result is the determination of the sediment influx rate from the second dunefield into the breaker zone of Ingleses Beach. This is an important factor in modelling the evolution of the beach. To be able to make predictions about the evolution of Ingleses Beach it is necessary to have nearshore wave data. Such data is not readily available and must, therefore, be obtained in another way. The available data consists of one year worth of measured wave data at a location about 35 kilometres offshore of Santa Catarina Island. To be able to translate this wave data to the nearshore of Ingleses Beach a thorough investigation of the bathymetry between the point where the wave data was measured and the beach has been carried out with the aid of the software package ArcGIS. With this bathymetry the available wave data can be translated to the nearshore of Ingleses Beach using the wave modelling program SWAN. The evolution of the beach has been modelled for two different scenarios using the computer program UNIBEST CL+. The first scenario represents a continuation of the present day situation. Simulation of this scenario has resulted in a trend prediction for the evolution of the beach. This prediction shows that, if no countermeasures are taken, some areas along the beach are indeed subject to erosion and houses in those areas will be severely threatened by the water. The second scenario represents a situation where the influx of sediment from the easterly dunefield is cut off from the sea. This may be due to ongoing urbanization between the dunefield and the sea, or fixation of the dunes by vegetation. If such a situation should occur the simulation shows that the erosion to be expected will be considerably more severe than in the first scenario. More houses will be threatened and a highly undesirable situation for people living near the shoreline, as well as economical damage due to loss of recreational areas, is the result. From the results of the dune study and the beach model simulation it is clear that action needs to be taken at both fronts. Several possible solutions to the problems have been produced based on the qualitative, and if possible quantitative, results of the research. It has been concluded that an extensive monitoring program and continued research are needed in order to quantify most of the suggested solutions. The monitoring can be done parallel to the excavation of the dunefield, which will give immediate results. While calculations and research are done on a suitable nourishment program, the sand of the Moçambique dunefield can be used for a small-scale nourishment. This will give extensive information about the way this sediment input will influence the morphology of Ingleses beach.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:0e3ccceb-f095-4e98-b651-586b0b050f24","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0e3ccceb-f095-4e98-b651-586b0b050f24","Erosion Negril Beach","Ten Ham, D.; Henrotte, J.; Kraaijeveld, R.; Milosevic, M.; Smit, P.","","2006","The ongoing erosion of the Negril Beach has become worse the past decade. In most places along the coast line, the beach will be gone in approximately 10 years. This will result in a major decrease of incomes that are made by the local tourist sector. To prevent the erosion this study has been performed to find a feasible and affordable solution. An important part of the study is the literature research since several other parties had investigated different aspects of the erosion problem recently. Before any solutions can be brought up different aspects have to be investigated. These are a clear view of the actual problem, a good knowledge of the environment, profiles of the coastline, current patterns and sea grass locations to avoid environmental damage as much as possible. Data was collected during two field trips to Negril in the end of 2006. After collecting this data an analysis was made using different computer models as LITPACK (sediment transport), SWAN (waves) and RMA (currents). The data analysis shows that the primary concern is the erosion at Long Bay since the erosion in Bloody Bay is not that severe. Possible solutions are generated and their validity has been checked. Five alternatives can be distinguished: zero-alternative, nourishment, series of near-shore breakwaters, off shore reef extension and a combination of all. Using a Multi Criteria Analyses (MCA), that ranks solutions by their desired effects (without including costs), objectively the 'best' solution is found. The solution that scores best at our criteria is beach nourishment along Long Bay. When costs are taken into account, this solution seems to be the most efficient. Costs are estimated US$7,000,000. The final recommendation is to execute beach nourishment only at Long Bay. This solution is relatively affordable and shows the highest score in the MCA. The implementation of this solution results in a minimum beach width of about 10 meters for 20 years, about 30 meters in the year of execution. According to local divers the required sand can be found 2km offshore at the beginning of the outer shell. Beside of that it is recommended to perform a separate investigation concerning the water quality to deal with the algae contamination.","Jamaica; Beach stability; coastal erosion; artificial beach nourishment","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:3f2fc12e-af4e-401d-9fe9-5b3b45e1ad71","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3f2fc12e-af4e-401d-9fe9-5b3b45e1ad71","Fieldwork coastal Engineering: Byala (Bulgaria)","Van Baaren, P.; Bonte, P.; Boon, M.; Bougdanou, M.; Burg, L.; Cui, H.; Damsma, T.; Van Eekelen, E.; Van Geer, P.; Gu, D.; Laksalanamai, J.; Van Oeveren, C.; Oosthoek, J.; Pool, A.; Schmedding, J.; Schoenmakers, N.; Van Steeg, P.; Sveinbjörnson, P.","","2006","This is the final report of the project 'Fieldwork Coastal Engineering', part of the Master studies Hydraulic Engineering of Delft University of Technology (TU Delft). It has been made by students of the TU Delft, in cooperation with students from the University of Architecture in Sophia. The fieldwork took place in Byala, Bulgaria, between 5th October and 12th October 2006. The aim of the fieldwork is to give the students insight in how to set up a measuring campaign, how such a campaign will be executed and how it should be reported. This year there is also a cooperation with a coastal development project, Marina Black Sea. This is a new tourist development along the Bulgarian coast. The data, collected during the measurements, have been used to make a preliminary design for a breakwater that can protect the future marina, which is being developed at the moment. This report is above all a technical report. The data collected with the measurements is presented, as well as the methods used for the measurements. Furthermore, the preliminary design of the normative cross-section of the breakwater has been included. The report can be used as a starting point by those who will make the final design for the breakwater.","Byala; Fieldwork; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:c71b365c-ea0e-49cf-91ee-4c9752b7a95c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c71b365c-ea0e-49cf-91ee-4c9752b7a95c","High-speed resistance mash seam welding of tinplate-packaging steels for three-piece can manufacture: A Literature Review","Blom, A.H.","Richardson, I.M. (mentor)","2006","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering","Materials Science and Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:3a704a55-139d-4d49-8a5e-1e9cbd051947","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3a704a55-139d-4d49-8a5e-1e9cbd051947","Coastal defence for Centro Habana: Integral coastal defence for section 4 of the Malecón and hurricane generated hydraulic boundary conditions","Baart, S.A.; Van Kruchten, Y.J.G.; McCall, R.T.; Van Nieuwkoop, J.C.C.","","2006","Master project report. Havana is protected from the sea’s severity by a seawall which is called the Malecón. The study area of this report is section 4 of the Malecón which more or less matches the coast of the district ‘Centro Habana’. Since the construction of the Malecón the hinterland has frequently been flooded due to storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and on the Atlantic Ocean. Recent inundations were caused by hurricanes Michelle (2001) and Wilma (2005). Among the damaged buildings was the Almejeiras hospital, one of Cuba’s most important. The inundations are mainly caused by waves overtopping the seawall. In the present situation the seawall is 4.3 m above MSL and during design conditions 274 litres of water will be discharged per metre over the seawall on time average. Other contributing mechanisms are rainfall and wave penetration into the drainage system, which are in the order of 10 l/s/m. Because the overtopping is the most important cause the main objective of the report is to find feasible alternatives to drastically decrease the overtopping. A solution has to be integrated with the drainage systems to prevent build up of the water mass in the hinterland. First research was done on the causes. With the findings a list of conditions and a list of demands for the solution was formed. Directly after, all sorts of solutions were considered and weighed in a Multi Criteria Analysis, resulting in a berm in front of the seawall and a submerged detached breakwater as the best alternatives. These have been investigated further. Both the berm and breakwater are considered feasible. The berm must be made of rubble with a nominal diameter for the armour layer of 1.0 m. At the crest (MSL + 2 m) the berm is 6 m wide and the bottom ends about 30 m seaward of the wall. Unfavourable aspects of the berm are that it is situated above MSL and that its height makes the permeability performance questionable. The breakwater should be a rubble mound breakwater. A monolithic breakwater proved unfavourable due to the required width and the high transmission. The rubble breakwater is about 90 m off shore. The armour layer consists of 1.5 m rocks, the crest, situated at MSL, is 10 m wide and the height is 7.3 m. The breakwater is more expensive because it requires more material. It matches the list of conditions and demands better and therefore its value is also much higher than the berm’s. The secondary objective of the report is finding hydraulic boundary conditions which are generated by hurricanes. To reach this objective first a literature study on hurricanes was done to gain knowledge of wind generation and wave spectrum generation by wind fields. For this analytical and empirical approaches were investigated. An analysis was done on hurricanes that have past Cuba in the past century. This resulted in parameters that affect the sea severity. The most important parameters are the fetch and the forward speed of the hurricane. From the study on the parameters two worst paths of hurricanes for the Havana coast have been derived.","Havanna; Hurricane; Cuba; breakwater","en","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:bad63a87-b85e-4c30-907c-c093adcf17ee","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bad63a87-b85e-4c30-907c-c093adcf17ee","Probabilistic Design Entrance Channel Port of Cape Town","Schoenmakers, N.W.A.; De Wit, A.B.F.","Moes, J. (mentor); Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Van Gelder, P.H.A.J.M. (mentor)","2006","This report covers description of a design method for determination of the depth of an entrance channel of a harbour. This method is applied to the Port of Cape Town.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-33.895433,18.443784"
"uuid:16be2b09-198b-4bcb-a8c6-9aadd3c702b6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16be2b09-198b-4bcb-a8c6-9aadd3c702b6","Coastal erosion project, Diani beach, Kenya","Ballot, J.; Hoyng, C.; Kateman, I.; Smits, M.; De Winter, R.","","2006","Master project report. Since the seventies, the establishment of hotels and other facilities has increased the pressure on the Kenyan coast. During the last decade, hotel managers and residents in Diani Beach have been experiencing problems with erosion. The only measures taken to address the problem are individually built seawalls to protect private properties. These seawalls are mostly not properly built and do not decrease the erosion rate. Erosion continues and beaches are still disappearing. In some places, coral rock is exposed or buildings collapse. The economy in Diani Beach is strongly depending on tourism. A white beach with a gentle slope and a flourishing ecosystem of lagoon and coral reef is desirable to attract tourists. The current situation in most parts of Diani Beach is far from desired. Diani Beach seems to be subject to structural erosion, due to several reasons. Initially, the narrowness of the African continental shelf leads to an easily loss of sediment into the deep ocean. Also the fact that there are no high mountain ranges along the Kenyan coast results in a low rate of sediment flowing into the ocean. A lack of sand combined with the relative stableness of the African crustal plate can be seen as causes for structural erosion. In Diani Beach the process is accelerated by a number of factors, both human and nature induced. Measures have to be taken to recover and maintain the desired situation. However, it is difficult to determine the optimal solution because of policy issues and lack of data. Several measures are proposed, which can be divided into three categories: management and policy measures, soft measures and hard measures. The first category implies e.g. determination of the setback line, altered approach to fishery and enforcement of legislations. Soft measures include planting of vegetation and beach nourishment. Breakwaters, groynes and improvement of seawalls are hard measures. A combination of measures can have effect on both short and long term, first recovering and subsequently maintaining the desired situation. However, more data have to be gathered to determine the best combination of measures, make a proper design and find the way to implement them.","Kenia; coastal erosion; beach grass","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:b5adbe55-6140-4d66-8b26-78bedb492280","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b5adbe55-6140-4d66-8b26-78bedb492280","Technische haalbaarheid van het hangende strand concept met geotextiele containers","De Rover, R.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Veldhoen, R. (mentor); Stive, M.J.F. (mentor)","2006","Als gevolg van erosie langs de kust van Nederland worden er periodiek zandsuppleties uitgevoerd om te voorkomen dat de basiskustlijn verder landinwaarts verplaatst. Bij zeer steile onderwateroevers kan erosiebestrijding met zandsuppleties problematisch zijn, de zuidwestkust van Wa1cheren is zo'n probleem 10catie. De vraag rijst dan ook of voor dit gebied de erosie bestreden kan worden met andere methoden. Voor een vervangende op10ssing van de zandsupp1eties kan aan een hangend strand gedacht worden. Een hangend strand bestaat uit een onder water gelegen golfbreker waarachter het strand opgehoogd is. Normaliter worden golfbrekers uit stortsteen of betonnen elementen geconstrueerd. De laatste jaren wordt er steeds vaker gekeken naar oplossingen, die goedkoper zijn dan het gebruik van stortsteen en betonnen elementen. Een alternatief kan het gebruik van geotextiele containers zijn, welke aanzienlijk lager zijn in kosten. Met betrekking tot het toepassen van geotextiele containers voor constructies in kustgebieden is echter niet veel ervaring. Het doel van dit onderzoek is dan ook als volgt: ""Het onderzoeken ofhet technisch haalbaar is om een hangend strand voor de zuidwestkust van Walcheren te realiseren met een onderwaterdam bestaande uit geotextiele containers"". Het accent van het onderzoek ligt hierbij voornamelijk op het onderzoeken of 1. het toepassen van het hangende strand principe in het onderzoekgebied voordelen biedt ten opzichte van de huidige zandsuppleties, en 2. het technisch haalbaar is om de onder water gelegen golfbreker te construeren met geotextiele containers. Het onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd voor het kustgedeelte van zuidwest Walcheren tussen Jarkus raaien 2484 - 2583 met een totale lengte van 1000m. Ad 1. Voor de bepaling van de erosie is uitgegaan van de waterstanden bij N.A.P., GHW en GHHWS. Aan de hand van de sediment transport formules van Rouse/ Einstein en Kalinske-Frijlink is bepaald dat de maatgevende erosie optreedt bij GHHWS (+2.24m N.A.P.) en een significante golfhoogte van 2.34m. Voor deze situatie is een zo optimaal moge1ijk voorontwerp van het dwarsprofiel van het hangende strand met onderwaterdam gemaakt, om zo de erosie te minimaliseren. Uit dit onderzoek is gebleken dat, in het geval van het optimale dwarsprofiel, de erosie per jaar 6700m3 voor het onderzoekgebied bedraagt, wat in vergelijking tot de huidige erosie van 30000m3 per jaar een factor 4.5 lager is. Deze uiteindelijke erosie vormt een ontgrondingkuil achter de dam met een breedte van 8.40m en een diepte van 1.33m, dit kan echter verholpen worden door bodembescherming of zandsuppleties achter de dam toe te passen. Het hangende strand heeft tevens een positief effect op de duinafslag bij stormvloed, hiervoor heeft Rijkswaterstaat de normfrequentie 1/4000 gesteld. Bij het optreden van de storm behorende bij deze normfrequentie zal het evenwichtsprofiel van het strand, 2.70m minder landinwaarts komen te liggen voor de situatie met hangend strand in vergelijking tot de huidige situatie. Evalueren we de verwaarloosde optredende fenomenen en gedane aannames en kijken we in welke mate deze effect hebben op de berekende erosie, dan blijkt dat, met het in rekening brengen van deze fenomenen en aannames, de uiteindelijke erosie 30% lager uitvalt dan de in eerste instantie berekende 6700m3 per jaar. Ad. 2. Voor het bepalen van de afmetingen van de geotextiele containers is de ontwerpstorm met een significante golfhoogte van 3.6m gebruikt. Deze storm is bepaald voor een economische levensduur van 50 jaar van de golfbreker en heeft een kans van optreden van 1/225 per jaar. AIs veiligheidfactor voor de afmetingen van de geotextiele container is 1.2 aangehouden. Voor de stabiliteit van de onderwaterdam bestaande uit geotextiele containers is naar de volgende faalmechanismen gekeken: stabiliteit stapeling geotextiele containers stabiliteit individuele geotextiele container onder golven kritieke stroomsnelheid boven de kruin van de constructie invloed verweking van de geotextiele container interne stabiliteit geotextiele container. Hieruit is gebleken dat, de stabiliteit van de individuele geotextiele container onder golven, maatgevend is voor de dikte van de geotextiele container. De afmetingen van de geotextiele containers, bepaald aan de hand van de faalmechanismen, zijn dan d = 2.3m en b = 5.0m bij een vullingsgraad van 0.80, voor de lengte is 25.0m aangenomen. Uit de berekeningen is tevens gebleken dat de wrijvingsfactor van de geotextiele containers onderling een grote variatie heeft, wat de nauwkeurigheid van de bepaling van de stabiliteit niet ten goede komt. Voor de plaatsing van de elementen wordt gebruik gemaakt van een geleid systeem® met een nauwkeurigheid van plaatsing van orde 0.25 - 0.50m, welk afhankelijk is van de omstandigheden waaronder gewerkt wordt. Aan de hand van de bepaalde geotextiele containers en het voorontwerp van het dwarsprofiel zijn 4 alternatieven voor het detailontwerp gegenereerd. Hierbij is gekeken naar de volgende aspecten: bodembescherming aan de voet van de onderwaterdam beschermende toplaag geotextiele containers dimensies onderwaterdam bestaande uit geotextiele containers bodembescherming onder de dam Uiteindelijk is gekozen voor het detailontwerp bestaande uit een stapeling van 2 lagen geotextiele containers met totaal 6 elementen, waarvan 2 op de kruin van de constructie. Dit ontwerp is gekozen met het oog op de kosten en de stabiliteit van de constructie. Onder de dam is gebruik gemaakt van zinkstukken om de stabiliteit van de constructie te vergroten. Voor het gehele onderzoekgebied zijn uiteindelijk in totaal 240 geotextiele containers en 20000 m2 aan zinkstuk nodig voor de constructie van de onder water gelegen golfbreker. Voor iedere container is 244m3 zand en 310m2 geotextiel doek nodig. Totaal geeft dit voor de gehele constructie 58560 m3 zand en 74400 m2 geotextiel doek, dat nodig is voor het construeren van de onderwaterdam. Vergelijken we de kosten van een onderwaterdam bestaande uit geotextiele containers met de kosten van een onderwaterdam bestaande uit breuksteen, dan zien we dat de onderwaterdam bestaande uit geotextiele containers meer dan 2.000.000,- goedkoper is dan een onderwaterdam bestaande uit breuksteen (dit bedrag geeft de orde grootte van het kostenverschil aan).","geocontainer; perched beach; coastal stabilization","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:9ebf340e-fe9c-4a7f-a339-89b7f38b3ae4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9ebf340e-fe9c-4a7f-a339-89b7f38b3ae4","Alternative designs for hurricane protection systems and building structures in New Orleans","Bijlsma, E.; Rolvink, A.; Veenendaal, D.; Van de Waal, R.J.","","2006","First the demands and the boundary conditions are set for the complete protection system; after that the protection system will be split in the three subsections (primary: peripheral levees, secondary: canal levees and watermanagement and tertiary: structural integrety housing). For each of these protection systems an analysis will be made; this analysis will be used to come up with possible alternatives for solving the problems. These alternatives are elaborated to some extent to be able to make a good comparison and afterwards a choice of which alternative is favorable. The chosen alternative will be worked on in more detail in the last stage of the project; the results will be presented in the final report. The set-up of this interim report is as follows: the second chapter contains a revised version of the plan of approach, which gives the background information and the goals of the project. Using these goals the program of requirements is formulated in chapter three. In chapter four a concept of how to deal with the primary and secondary protection is chosen; in the two following chapters (five and six) the primary and secondary alternatives are elaborated. Chapter seven deals with the solutions for the tertiary protection system. All is brought back together again in the final chapter, the conclusion. This conclusion will be the starting point for the next phase.","New Orleans; dike; levee; hurricane","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","30.027902, -90.092013"
"uuid:c2f2d1f9-69fd-4e86-bcfd-21789a4835b0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c2f2d1f9-69fd-4e86-bcfd-21789a4835b0","Port of Altamira, Mexico","Croonen, K.; Froeling, D.; Marbus, G.; Van Bemmel, M.","","2006","Master project report. The Port of Altamira is one of the fast growing ports in the world and is together with Veracruz and Coatzacoalcos one of the biggest ports of Mexico at the Gulf coast. It is an industrial Port with a lot of potential for expanding. However, the breakwaters of the Port extending into the sea caused severe erosion at the downdrift side of the Port (south side). This ongoing erosion is threatening a precious lagoon and some important land. The erosion can also cause a breakthrough of a dune row, which will result in a flooding of the hinterland. There has to be found a solution for this ongoing erosion. The definition of the problem and the goals of this project are identified in chapter 3. An analysis has been made in chapter 4 to get insight in the environment around the port, which eventually has a big influence on the erosion. Which coastal processes are causing the initial sedimentation transport and the quantification of the erosion is described in chapter 5. To determine which solution is the best for this problem, first the wanted situation has to be estimated. This is done by looking at storm condition and the actual situation at the beach in chapter 6. This way there is made an estimation of the requirements which the alternatives have to fulfill after they are constructed. The summary of the total of requirements is given in chapter 7.","port development; longshore transport; erosion","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:68609ae8-ca10-4fee-b33c-c9177f760575","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68609ae8-ca10-4fee-b33c-c9177f760575","Development west coast Taiwan: Redesign coastal area between Da’an River and Dajia River","Van den Berg, B.; Eelkema, M.; Smith, M.; Van To, P.","","2006","Master project report. In the year 2004 there was a flooding in an area between Da'an River and Dajia River in Taichung County, Taiwan. The flooding was caused by outlets which were clogged up, thus lacking the capacity to discharge the amount of rainwater that the typhoon caused into the sea. A survey conducted by the project group, showed that the coastal protection is deteriorating, aging and inconsistent. Therefore the safety of the coastal protection is doubtful when extremely high water tables occur. The survey also showed that most of the outlets did not function properly, either they were clogged up, or the outlets were forced open by local inhabitants, using stones or tree-trunks. The main purpose of this project is to design a new coastal protection and drainage system, which will suffice in their main purpose, but are also sound with the ecological, recreational and spatial requirements. The alternative solutions consist out of three elements. These elements are the possibility of land reclamation, the possible methods of coastal protection and methods of drainage. There exists a strong relation between the elements. After the feasibility of land reclamation was considered, four categories of solutions concerning the coastal protection were treated: ""do nothing"", improvement or replacement of the current dike, offshore constructions and soft solutions. Concerning the drainage system the following categories are treated: allowing flooding (do-noting alternative), decrease of the peak discharge or structural enhancement of the capacity. It was concluded that land reclamation is a feasible option and has to be further elaborated because of the favorable conditions of the foreshore and opportunities for land use. By using a multi-criteria analysis a choice has been made out of the generated alternatives. This analysis has shown that dike improvement and/or the application of soft solutions are preferred for coastal protection. The use of detention and the removal of bottlenecks are the solutions selected for improvement of the drainage of the area. These alternatives are elaborated further. For land reclamation an area of 500 meters width and 2 km's length is selected at the south of the project area. The coastal stretch has been divided in four coastal protection zones. For each of these zones a design of the coastal protection has been made. The dimensions of the coastal protection of each zone are shown in table 1. The first zone is the land reclamation zone; because the shoreline at this zone is moved seaward the designed dike for this zone is considerably larger than the other dikes. The second zone is a zone with considerable foreshore vegetation. At this zone an ecologically sound dike has been designed with less steep slopes than the current dike and a grass revetment. Development of foreshore in this zone should be aimed at conservation by restricted use and natural development, but recreational opportunities for extensive recreation are available here. The third zone is a recreational zone, here a promenade is designed which is protected by a vertical front seawall. The fourth zone is a zone without foreshore vegetation, the dike designed for this zone is similar to the dike for the zone with foreshore vegetation only the revetment consists partly of placed blocks because the wave attenuating effect of the foreshore vegetation is not present.","Taiwan; river flood; coastal protection","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:1fe871f7-2c6e-4d43-a6b8-0d5eaa87458e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1fe871f7-2c6e-4d43-a6b8-0d5eaa87458e","Modellering van extreme waterstanden veroorzaakt door opwaaiing toegepast op het Slotermeer: Een toetsing van het model voor overschrijdingswaterstanden in Friesland met een berekening van opwaaiing op het Slotermeer","Bosman, G.; Maaskant, B.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); De Vries, W.S. (mentor); Stive, M.J.F. (mentor)","2006","De provincie Friesland wil een meer gestructureerde aanpak voor de bepaling van de hoogtes van boezemkades. Om goed te kunnen dimensioneren is een gedetailleerd model nodig met maatgevende waterstanden. Het huidige model, gemaakt door het Wetterskip Fryslân, is gebaseerd op 37 meetpunten verspreid over Friesland. Met de metingen zijn voor de meetpunten de overschrijdingswaterstanden bepaald van eens in de 10, 30, 100 en 300 jaar. Vervolgens is er tussen deze bekende punten lineair geïnterpoleerd, waarbij gebruik is gemaakt van een raster over Friesland. Deze methode roept echter een aantal vragen op: voldoet een lineaire interpolatie wel? Zal door windopzet de waterstand in een boezemmeer niet sterk afwijken van de gemeten waterstand in een meetpunt dat gesitueerd is in een kanaal? Om deze lineaire methode te toetsen worden in dit rapport waterstandberekeningen op een boezemmeer uitgevoerd enkel en alleen als gevolg van windopzet en niet op basis van gemeten waterstanden, die in de lineaire methode gebruikt worden. Uitgangspunt van de berekeningen is het streefpeil van NAP -0,52m. Voor het berekenen van de windopzet moet er een maatgevende wind voor verschillende windrichtingen worden berekend. Per windrichting zullen de waterstanden op het meer worden bepaald en kunnen de resultaten van de berekening worden vergeleken met de gemeten waterstanden van het oorspronkelijk model. Gekozen is de berekening toe te passen op het Slotermeer omdat er over dit boezemmeer veel informatie beschikbaar is. Naast de beschikbaarheid van een zeer gedetailleerde bodemkaart, worden sinds 2000 door het Ministerie van Verkeer en Waterstaat ook golven en windsnelheden gemeten. Daarnaast heeft het Slotermeer een interessante geografische ligging, zo ligt de grootste strijklengte in het verlengde van de overheersende windrichting. Het oorspronkelijk model voor de overschrijdingswaterstanden blijkt een goede indicatie te geven van voorkomende waterstanden in Friesland. Problemen dienen zich echter aan bij boezemmeren met een grote strijklengte van zuidwestelijke naar noordoostelijke richting (de overheersende windrichting). Het is hierbij doorslaggevend waar het dichtstbijzijnde meetpunt is gelegen. Bij het Slotermeer bijvoorbeeld blijken bepaalde waterstanden hoger uit te vallen doordat het meetpunt zich in Woudsend bevindt. Wanneer bij een boezemmeer de waterstanden aan de noordoostelijke zijde zouden worden gemeten, kunnen wellicht lagere waterstanden worden verwacht aan de zuidwestelijke zijde dan het lineaire model zou aangeven. Dit kan men berekenen met het opwaaiing model. Om uiteindelijk tot een goed model voor maatgevende waterstanden in Friesland te komen is het aan te bevelen waterstanden van boezemmeren en vaarwegen met een grote strijklengte in de overheersende windrichting opnieuw te kwantificeren. Het opwaaiing model, dat in dit rapport wordt beschreven, kan hiervoor worden gebruikt. De uitkomsten van de berekening kunnen vervolgens gekalibreerd worden met de overschrijdingswaterstanden, berekend uit de bekende meetpunten. De meetpunten worden dan gebruikt als controle van het opwaaiing model. Met het combineren van beide modellen komt men tot een beter en gedetailleerder model voor de overschrijdingswaterstanden in Friesland. Op basis hiervan kunnen de boezemkades worden gedimensioneerd.","wind set-up; design water level; Friesland; Slotermeer; exceedance levels","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:868f4360-4ec3-41ce-b889-b43958f591da","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:868f4360-4ec3-41ce-b889-b43958f591da","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering: Varna (Bulgaria)","Bosman, G.; Dijkstra, O.; Gilding, C.; Van der Hoeven, T.; Langedijk, J.; Trung, L.H.; Louwersheimer, W.F.; Maaskant, B.; Van der Sande, M.; De Waal, R.J.; De Wit, A.; Zweers, S.","","2005","For the course CT5318 a trip is made to Varna, Bulgaria, where hydraulic measurement s on the beach and the coastal structures are executed by the students. This report describes the measured data, the used methods and the technical interpretation of the results. All the data was processed in Varna and analysed once returned in the Netherlands. This coastal engineering fieldwork is organised every year with a main goal to expose student to the problems, which concern all the aspects of a field survey. The group stayed the whole week in St . Constantine, where is a village situated at t he Black Sea coast just north of Varna in Bulgaria. St . Constantine is a booming tourist place and a lot of luxurious hotels were recently built in the surrounding of the beach. Some of t hem are act ually build on the beach. To protect the beautiful beaches and keep them as wide as possible for the tourists some hydraulic structures are built. There were beach measurements executed on the beach of St .Constantine and on a beach just North of Varna. The beach of St .Constantine was also investigated last year but the beach just North of Varna was investigated for the first t ime in a fieldwork. This was done because a Dutch contractor is interested in t e possibilities for sand nourishment at this beach.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria; CT5318","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:bb296b68-edb3-485d-9472-9c193a792ce7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bb296b68-edb3-485d-9472-9c193a792ce7","Experiments on flow over oblique weirs","Tuyen, N.B.","Uijttewaal, W.S.J. (mentor)","2005","This report is the conclusion of a series of experiments, which were performed on weirs placed obliquely in a shallow flow. Its purpose is to report on laboratory investigation on the flow over different types of oblique weirs, including behaviour and hydraulic characteristic of the flow, different phenomena in the neighbourhood of the weir, hydraulic parameters and physical laws that govern the process. To that end, many experiments were performed in a shallow flume under various flow conditions. Two different types of impermeable weirs are tested, including a rectangular sharp-crested weir and a rectangular broad-crested weir, both placed 450 obliquely to the flow direction. These weirs are schematically designed with vertical upstream and downstream walls, sharp edges, and two small end parts of each weir perpendicular to the flow. Flow velocities were measured using Particle Tracking Velocimetry technique, which helps gaining instantaneous whole field velocity maps. In conjunction with Matlab we can get almost necessary statistical information. By changing the flow discharge and the downstream water level, different flow behaviour and various phenomena like vortex, hydraulic jump, undulation, flow divergence, flow concentration, etc. can be observed. The data collected from measurements are used to investigate the hydraulic process and the phenomena of interest. This report also aims at a quantitative view on the energy loss and the discharge coefficient. It is shown that the flow tends to change its direction to perpendicular direction with the weir crest. This leads to the difference in water levels at two ends of the weir, the flow concentration at on one side of the flume behind weir, the variation in flow velocity distribution. In case of emerged flow condition, the flow behind weir becomes highly turbulent and very complex, which make it difficult to perform accurate measurements. This flow regime also accounts for the higher head loss and energy dissipation than in case of submerged flow condition.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:0fbe1885-7f27-4877-89be-9ce48efb06d7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0fbe1885-7f27-4877-89be-9ce48efb06d7","Port expansion of Puerto de Lirquén, Chile","De Fockert, A.; Graafland, T.; Paap, E.; Van der Plas, T.; Roubos, A.","","2005","The container yard of the port of Lirquen will reach its capacity in a few years and the container terminal has no landward expansion possibilities to meet the future demand of container throughput. The bulk terminal has a lack of berths, due to increased throughput and insufficient depth, but does have possibilities for landward expansion. Looking at the actual growth of container throughput and the expected growth for the far future, it is clear that the main problem is the surface area. For efficient port operations it is necessary to expand. The planned expansion of 10ha is far enough until 2016. The 2 berths are in fact sufficient until 2017, but to keep the waiting time low it is necessary to install 2 extra mobile cranes. One is already planned in February 2006 and the second should be installed before 2013. Both planned and recommended expansions are necessary to maintain the efficiency and the competitive status of the port of Lirquen. Different alternatives for the expansion of the piers were considered and it was decided by the port authorities that the pier number 2 has to be expanded by 250 meters. The basic design of the old pier was optimized to a new construction. After that, calculations were made to determine the dimensions that are achievable. Because there are many things that have to be investigated, recommendations were made to correctly design the pier in detail. The execution of the expansion area (without water, electricity services, etc.) of 10ha can be finished in about 12 weeks. This time span mainly depends on the equipment and the supply rate of Bio Bio sand. The total costs have been calculated at 17,4 million dollars. The lifetime of the expansion is 50 years. The revetment consists of 2 layers of loose rock with stone class LMA 40-200, applied at the toe and to LLWL. From LLWL up to the limit of the wave run-up (+5,1m LLWL) stone class LMA 60-300kg is applied. To prevent soil wash out and pressure build up, a geotextile is applied. With type GEOfabrics HPS5, the stone can be applied directly on this layer. The overlapping is 0,5 to 1,0m, and the filter extends from toe up to the crest of the dike.","Chile; port development; port planning; pier construction","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:3b64a31a-afdc-4451-b6ff-ecb525dc5153","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3b64a31a-afdc-4451-b6ff-ecb525dc5153","Validity of wind assumptions for wave predictions in the case of lakes","Dewandre, C.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Marche, C. (mentor)","2005","It is important for dams and dikes planning to take the generation of waves within their reservoir into account. However, the theories used to determine the characteristics of those wind-generated waves often rely on conditions applicable in open sea. This paper will try to investigate their applicability to conditions present in reservoirs and lakes. The main tool in this research will be the study of the shape of the wind speed profile which could be sensibly different in each case. Indeed, theories often use as unique wind data –apart from the duration- the wind speed at the standard height of ten meters above water level, making the assumption of a standard wind field implying a logarithmic wind profile. Yet the effective wave-generating wind is the one at water level, thus depending upon the shape of its profile. Here, we will be studying the wind profile likely to be present in the case of lakes and reservoirs. From there on, it will be possible to assert whether the hypothesis of the representativeness of a ten-meter high wind is well-founded.","wave growth; wind speed; reservoir; lake; dam","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:3e5858e6-b882-44ef-89f9-c2d1ca50d70d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3e5858e6-b882-44ef-89f9-c2d1ca50d70d","Improvement jetties near petroEcuador in La Liberdad, Ecuador","Beekx, R.; Jensen, I.; Mikkers, Y.; Dirksen, J.","","2005","The first issue involves the accessibility of the pier of the refinery where coastal tankers moor to load or unload their cargo. The current depth at the pier is too small for large coastal tankers to fully load when mooring at the pier. In order to increase their cargo capacity, the depth in the mooring area should be increased. To expand the present pier into deeper water would be too expensive. Another option is dredging. The stability of the pier, dolphins and gantry might be endangered by dredging activities, but since only 2 to 3 meters of soil need to be dredged, and because the gantry has a reach of 10 m., it is possible to design the dredging area far enough from the pier to not have an effect on the pier- and gantry stability. The dolphins are closer to the dredging area and need to be replaced. The new dolphin design is adjusted to the dredging depth. The new mooring area is only accessible for the largest mooring coastal tankers when fully loaded during several hours a day, because of the tides. Therefore they might have to wait in the mooring area for several hours if the pier is occupied. Smaller or unloaded tankers can reach the mooring area at any time. The second issue is about oil leakage from the refinery into the surrounding soil. On the area of the refinery of La Libertad petrochemical substances have been leaking into the subsoil. This has lead to the contamination of the soil around the refinery of La Libertad. Most of the pollution is found on the area of the refinery itself. However, on the ocean side of the refinery the contamination reaches out of the refinery's territory. A gasoline smell can be detected and petrochemical substances have been found in the subsoil of the beach. In this area there is a primary school, a military campus and a little village called La Carioca, that all suffer from this contamination. The source of the contamination of the beach area was a leaking pipe, upstream of the beach. This pipe has been traced and has been replaced by a new pipe. The contamination of the soil in this area causes risks for the human health and for the environment. To reduce the impact of the pollution in the contaminated area on the ocean side of the refinery of La Libertad different alternatives have been generated. Only methods have been used that involve groundwater or groundwater flow. The best way to reduce the impact of the contamination is to construct a slurry wall between the ocean and the contaminated plume. On the downstream side of the contaminated groundwater plume three extraction wells are located. The plume is entirely captured in the combined capture zone of these wells so the contamination can not spread any further. On the upstream side of the contaminated groundwater plume an injection well is located. This injection well makes sure that the plume can be removed more quickly. Additives can be put in the water that is injected through the injection well. This will cause more components of the oil mixture to dissolve in the water so more of the pollution can be removed from the soil.","Ecuador; pollution; refinery","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering, departement of Watermanagement","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering & Water Management","","","","-2.218997, -80.905435"
"uuid:98680c8b-9e97-48ec-91b4-51eb614b440c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98680c8b-9e97-48ec-91b4-51eb614b440c","El Castillo del Morro","Veldhuizen, M.; Schrieks, M.; Van der Broekhoven, R.; Wierenga, J.; Sipkema, D.","Codova, L. (contributor)","2005","Master Project report on an improvement of the coastal protection around a maritime fortress ""El Castillo del Moro"" in Havana, Cuba","wave action; Cuba","en","student report","TU Delft, department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","23.146175, -82.357622"
"uuid:14263340-02c4-4559-9c48-5ef7957b6306","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:14263340-02c4-4559-9c48-5ef7957b6306","Application of Unibest to model White Lagoon Beach Enhancement","De Bruijn, F.A.; Erdbrink, C.D.","Verhagen, H.J. (mentor); Stive, M.J.F. (mentor)","2005","The objective of this study is to test the use and applicability of the Unibest CL+ and TC models for the White Lagoon case. The White Lagoon is a small bay near Balchik, Bulgaria, that is characterised by two T-groynes and a rocky bottom nearshore. A local hotel would like the present beach to be enlarged to accommodate for more guests. In addition, due to bad circulation algae and seaweeds flourish in the tourist season. Different data are available, including results from a bathymetric survey, wind data, offshore wave data, sediment sieve curves and some preliminary research. Relevant physical processes are identified, such as wave transformation due to decreasing water depth and wave-induced currents and sediment transport. It is expected that different wave conditions cause widely varying processes. Due to limited breaker depth under normal wave conditions, there will be no longshore sediment transport offshore from the groynes, whereas under storm conditions, longshore transport is expected offshore from the groynes and cross-shore transport from the zone between the groynes to the offshore zone. Unibest CL+ is a single line coastline model that assumes an invariant bottom profile. Unibest CL+ is therefore incapable of modelling cross-shore dynamics, for which Unibest TC is used. For a number of reasons, it is not possible to model the entire area in Unibest CL+ and as a result the model area is limited to the area between the groynes, where diffracted waves are used as wave input. Unibest TC is used to model cross-shore dynamics for a profile between the groynes. Many problems have been encountered when applying the models. The most important problem is the lack of good calibration data. Furthermore it is expected that both models, which have been designed for sandy coasts, are very limited in their applicability to the rocky coast with little available sand at White Lagoon. It is recommended for the follow-up of this study that better calibration data is collected by measuring wave properties throughout the surf zone, with according bottom changes. In addition, more accurate wave scenarios are needed, especially for the CL+ model, either from measurements or a number of SWAN runs.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","43.404843,28.240826"
"uuid:cf5bb288-e9cc-4e2c-aa22-bfc067a631d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf5bb288-e9cc-4e2c-aa22-bfc067a631d3","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering: Varna (Bulgaria)","Bos, C.; Burgers, J.J.; Van Dijk, M.; Heeringa, E.; Van den Hengel, D.; Lausman, R.; Oortman, N.; Poot, R.; Segboer, T.; De Sonneville, B.","","2004","Research has been carried out in St. Konstantin, Varna, Bulgaria. In the second chapter of this report an Analysis of the Tetra pods on breakwater of the “Sunny Day Marina is presented, where the damage is determined and different approaches are used and compared to determine the significant wave height. In the third chapter the beach measurements are described. An analysis of the development of the beach line and the beach profiles is compared with other years and a sieve analysis is carried out. Chapter four describes wave measurements for the area; these are made visually and with a pressure gauge. In chapter five, the contours of a groin in the area is measured and compared with data from other years.Chapters six contains information about the stones measurements in the quarries we visited. In chapter seven the bottom of the sea is mapped by using the echo sounding data. In chapter eight, the sediment characteristics are determined. At the village of St-Constantin a group of investigators wants to make an artificial island in the sea, requirements are presented in chapter eight. The final chapter nine relates about another project, the expansion of hotel White lagoon.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria; CT5318","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:00c3cde5-b40a-45f9-a8fa-9f37ff79b84a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:00c3cde5-b40a-45f9-a8fa-9f37ff79b84a","A study on the reconstruction of Los Acantilados Beach, Argentina","Algera, A.; Burger, B.; Hartog, W.M.; De Rijke, Q.C.","","2004","The city of Mar del Plata is situated some 400 km South of Buenos Aires, the capital of Argentina. The city has two main incomes, namely industry and tourism. In summer, beaches of this Atlantic Ocean faced destination are packed with typical Argentine beach tents, which can be rented, and people from all over Argentina come to Mar del Plata. The 600.000 inhabitants are outnumbered 3 to 1 since almost 2 million people visit the town during the months December-February. The crowded beaches in the centre of the town cause the popularity of the more quiet and more expensive beaches south of the town. The surroundings of the beaches around Punta Mogotes, make it a good place to spend the summer. The beaches around Punta Mogotes however, are not in possession of the local or provincial government. Playas del Faro, which mean beaches of the lighthouse, is the last remaining coastline in Argentina which is private. It’s common in Argentina to give concessions for a part of the beach, so this can be exploited by the concessionaire. This concept is applied for Playas del Faro. In the south of these beaches, big erosion problems are present. The most southern concession is called Los Acantilados (‘the cliffs’), named after the cliffs and the neighbourhood which is located a few hundred of meters land inward on top of the cliffs. Once economy flourished here, but with the total disappearance of the dune and beach system in front of the cliffs prospects are bad. With the provincial road and houses some hundred meters away, safety is not an issue. The biggest problem therefore is the lack of beach, which needs to be solved. The erosion is caused by a few reasons. The most important one is the lack of sand input from the south. The wave climate causes an average long shore current over the year from the south to the north. The city of Miramar, located 15 km south of Mar del Plata has had erosion problems since the early years of the previous century and has been constructing counter measures ever since. Further north of Miramar more groyne systems, the one more effective then the other, can be found. The most northern groyne is a rather large groyne of over two hundred meters situated in front of the house of the president. From this point to the research area of Los Acantilados no beaches, except some small pocket beaches, but only high cliffs can be found. Another reason for the erosion is the presence of heavy storms. Local experts say that in a year with more storms then usual, erosion is even worse. This problem is related with the problem above, as well as with the presence of human interference in the dune system. With no input of sand into the system, the sediment, which is placed on the fore shore by a storm, is immediately picked up by the long shore current instead of being transported back on the beaches by the waves of a milder wave climate. Three main solutions are possible for this problem: periodical nourishment, detached breakwaters and a groyne scheme. Nourishment itself is a nice solution with little negative effects. However it is expensive when compared with the construction of groins. The local quarry is situated less then 12 km from Los Acantilados. Constructing a groyne from shore is therefore six times less expensive then building a detached breakwater with the use of floating equipment. Besides the financial factor the groyne scheme has the advantage of being a more ‘permanent’ solution although having negative erosion effects downstream. After thorough consideration it was decided to design a groyne scheme.","Argentina; beach erosion; coastal zone management","en","student report","TU Delft - Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:5dc929ac-cf36-4f71-bd53-032f1a8e5b49","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5dc929ac-cf36-4f71-bd53-032f1a8e5b49","Verhoging waterkering Elahuizen","Van Blaaderen, E.A.; Mertens, M.; Van Oosten, R.P.; Van der Plicht, N.; Redeker, M.L.","","2004","In het Integraal Waterbeheersplan Friese Waterschappen is aangegeven dat ongeveer 50% van de kaden in Friesland niet aan de gestelde veiligheidseisen voldoet. Naar aanleiding van dit plan is het Wetterskip Fryslan het projectbureau Oevers en Kaden opgericht dje het rapport Technische Normen Friese Kaden hebben uitgebracht. In dit rapport wordt een berekeningsmethode beschreven voor de berekening van de kruinhoogte van kades. In het kader van het opstellen van deze technische normen is het niet de bedoeling geweest om individuele kaden door te rekenen. De berekeningen zijn daarom op een vrij hoog abstractieniveau uitgevoerd. Het rapport Technische Normen Friese Kaden geeft ook een rekenregel om de kades rond de Fluessen te kunnen bepalen. Het Friese dorp Elahuizen is gelegen aan de oostelijke oever van dit uitgestrekte meer. Het Wetterskip Fryslan heeft berekend dat de kades in dit gebied met ongeveer 0,5m moeten worden verhoogd tot 1,0m +NAP. De geplande verhoging van de waterkering door het Wetterskip Fryslan betekent voor het aanwezige bungalowpark en de jachthaven in Elahuizen een ingrijpende verandering in de bestaande situatie. De bewoners van het bungalowpark zijn het daarom ook niet eens met de voorgenomen kadeverhoging en vonden dat er gezocht moest worden naar een passende oplossing voor hun stukje kade in het vooronderzoek is de door het Wetterskip Fryslan gebruikte berekeningsmethodiek gecontroleerd. Geconcludeerd kan worden uit dit onderzoek dat de gebruikte methode correct is volgens de toen geldende TAW-richtlijnen. Daarnaast moet wel opgemerkt worden dat door de indeling in klassen de kades soms fors overgedimensioneerd worden. Het is daarom beter om alle kades individueel uit te rekenen met de juiste invoerparameters. Een onjuiste aanname in het rapport is dat de piekgolfperiode en de significante golfperiode aan elkaar gelijkgesteld zijn.","boezemkade; regionale kering; overstromingskans; golfoverslg; Fluesen","nl","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","52.929533, 5.540266"
"uuid:5d0793b2-354c-40ef-be52-a2942dc47c70","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5d0793b2-354c-40ef-be52-a2942dc47c70","Beach Nourishment and Artificial Surf Reef","Klein, A.H.; De Menezes, J.T.; Sperb, R.S.; Siegle, E.; Fontura, R.; Van de Graaff, J.; Stive, M.J.F.; Van der Schrieck, G.L.M.; Verhagen, H.J.","","2004","Balneário Camboriú is a very touristy city in southern Brazil, situated in the five kilometer wide Camboriú Bay. Its main tourist attraction is the beach, which is 5800 m long and rather narrow with a dry width of 10 to 20 m. The city is facing several problems regarding the beach that have a negative impact on tourism. The main problems are: the beach is overcrowded in summer and becomes entirely shaded in the mid-afternoon due to the many high-rise buildings along the beach. To resolve these problems the municipality of Balneário Camboriú wants to nourish the beach to a width of 100 m. The preliminary design of the beach nourishment was made by the Danish Hydraulic Institute DHI, who based their design on data measured by the Brazilian Hydraulic Institute INPH. The Vale do Itajaí University (UNIVALI) in Itajaí, eight kilometer north of Balneário Camboriú, thinks the design of DHI is incomplete and based on inappropriate data and fears that the municipality of Balneário Camboriú will carry out the proposed beach nourishment any without further investigation. In this project the design of DHI has been analysed and a new design of the nourishment has been made. First the morphodynamics of Camboriú Bay have been studied. The bay can be defined as a headland-bay with a parabolically shaped beach between two protruding headlands, formed by energetic swell waves from the southeast. The beach planform is in dynamic and close to static equilibrium, which means it is stable as long as sediment supply is maintained. Because the bay is rather indented, there is no sediment exchange with the surrounding area. The tide in Camboriú Bay has a small range and little influence, inducing very small currents. Therefore the beach of Balneário Carnboriú is wave dominated, except for the south, which is more sheltered from incoming waves. The beach has a very gentle slope and can be classified as dissipative. After the study of the morphodynamics the data needed for the design of the nourishment have been investigated. The DHI design is based on data from INPH, which has done measurements of the bathymetry, grain sizes, cross-shore beach profiles and waves in Camboriú Bay. UNIVALI has also done measurements of these parameters and, except for the bathymetry, both data show several differences. Considering the grain size, the results of INPH show a larger and more constant median sand diameter than the results of UNIVALI. The results of UNIVALI seem to be more reliable, because they took more samples, they are more experienced with measurements in Camboriú Bay and they measured a significantly smaller grain size in the south of the bay, with is plausible because in that area a small river, Rio Camboriú, flows into the bay. The cross-shore beach profiles measured by UNIVALI extend much further seawards than the ones measured by INPH, which only take a small part of the area that is influenced by the waves into account. Since for a beach nourishment the whole area where waves have influence on the cross-shore profile is important, again the data of UNIVALI are more useful. With regard to the wave data, both the measurements of INPH and of UNIVALI have drawbacks. UNVALI did wave measurements for almost a year but on Brava Beach, six km north of Balneário Camboriú, not in Camboriú Bay itself. INPH did do measurements in Camboriú Bay, but only for a period of two weeks, which is not sufficient for reliable wave measurements, as they admit themselves. This means there are no good wave data available for Camboriú Bay. In the design of the nourishment this problem can be circumvented by deriving the closure depth (the depth where the waves have no impact anymore on the beach profile) from the cross-shore profiles instead of from the wave data. Unlike INPH, UNIVALI has also done research on a possible borrow area that serves as a sand source for the nourishment. This area is located 20 km east of Balneário Camboriú and has sand characteristics that are comparable to those of the beach in Balneário Camboriú. After the investigation of the relevant data, the nourishment design of DHI has been analysed, DHI used the method of Dean, a well-known method for designing beach nourishments. In their design the beach is widened with 100 m and the initial slope of the nourished beach is 1:20. This results in a final beach width after the profile equilibration (due to wave action) of about 40 to 100 m at MSL +0,7 m, depending on the location and the size of the borrow sand. The total amount of sand necessary for this design is 1,8 million m3. Since the design of DHI is based on data from INPH that are not very reliable or accurate, their design contains several uncertainties. Besides they used a constant closure depth of MSL -3 m along the entire beach, which is strange because the wave activity varies between the north and the south. Therefore the design of DHI has been verified with the use of the data from UNIVALI. It turned out that the constant closure depth assumed by DHI (instead of a variable closure depth) coincidentally has no significant impact on the necessary amount of sand; only the distribution of sand along the beach changes. Also, it turned out that if the DHI design were based on the beach profiles measured by UNIVALI, the total fill volume would be almost 30% larger, which is probably caused by the fact that the original beach width measured by UNIVALI is smaller than the one measured by INPH. The reason for the latter is unclear. Finally, it turned out that the final equilibrated beach width would be very different if DHI used the grain sizes obtained by UNIVALI instead of by INPH. Because of the several uncertainties in both the data measured by INPH and the nourishment design of DHI, a new design of the nourishment has been made based on the data from UNIVALI, which are more appropriate. In the new design the beach is extended to a final equilibrated width of 100 m. To maintain a gentle slope, which induces a wide surf zone with good conditions for wave surfing (this will be discussed below), the beach is nourished with compatible sand, which means the grain size distributions of the borrow sand and the native sand are comparable. Since it is not known at what height the municipality of Balneário Camboriú wants to have a beach of 100 m wide, two alternatives have been investigated: one with a final beach width of 100 m at MSL +0,7 m and one with a final beach width of 100 m at MSL +2,5 m. In both alternatives the initial slope of the nourished beach is 1:39. The amount of sand necessary for the first alternative is 2,33 million m3, which is 0,5 million m3 more than in the design of DHI, but with the result that the (equilibrated) beach will be wider and the slope much more gentle. The stability of the planform of the nourished beach will be influenced by the presence of the jetty constructed in the south of Balneário Camboriú in 2004. It will block sediment supply from Rio Camboriú to the beach, which will probably result in erosion, since the beach is for the most part in dynamic equilibrium. To prevent erosion to the new beach, the concept of headland control has been applied. By relocating the diffraction point in the north and the south of the bay, the predicted shoreline in static equilibrium, corresponding with the new diffraction points, will coincide with the shoreline of the nourished beach. This can be achieved by the construction of a 230 m long jetty in the south, or the extension of the existing jetty in the south, and the construction of a 150 m long jetty in the north. As mentioned before, the gentle beach slope in Balneário Camboriú induces a wide surf zone with good surfing conditions, especially for beginning surfers. However, the nourishment design of DHI will result in a much steeper beach, leading to a narrower surf zone. To improve the surfing conditions after the nourishment, it is possible to construct an artificial surf reef on which optimal surfing conditions can be created. In this project a design of such a reef in Balneário Camboriú has been made as well. Since a surf reef is a relatively unknown subject, a literature study on surf reefs was carried out first. This has resulted in an extensive description of the creation of good surfing rides and the wave breaking types favoured by surfers. The main parameters in describing a surfing wave are the wave breaker height, the peel angle, the breaking intensity and the wave section length. ""Short boarders"", who make up the majority of surfers in Balneário Camboriú, favour high waves with an extreme breaking intensity and a long surfing ride. For the creation of good surfing waves, it is necessary to alter the existing bathymetry. This is done by the various components of a surf reef, each in a different way and on a different scale. By adjusting the configuration of the components, the four surfing wave parameters can be influenced such that the desired surfing conditions are created. The most common construction method for artificial surf reefs is the use of sand filled geotextile bags. The main reasons why this method is often preferred to other methods are the lower construction costs and the possibility to modify and optimise the reef after construction. An example of an artificial surf reef constructed with sand filled geotextile bags is the Narrowneck surf reef in Australia. This reef forms the basis for the design of the artificial surf reef in Balneário Camboriú. With the knowledge obtained in the literature study, a design of the surf reef in Balneário Camboriú has been made. Two locations were found to be the most suitable for the construction of the surf reef. The first location is on a rocky outcrop in the north of Camboriú Bay, where the water depth is small and the waves are the highest thanks to convergence and shoaling. The second location is situated between the first location and the beach. Two alternative surf reefs, alternative A and alternative B (one on each location), have been investigated. With the help of MIKE 21 the wave propagation on both alternatives has been modelled. To determine the best alternative they were judged on five criteria. Alternative B on the rocky outcrop proved to be the best option. This alternative is cheaper and creates better surfing conditions than alternative A. Besides,for alternative B the probability of the formation of a tombolo behind the surf reef is negligible, while for alternative A, which is much closer to the coast, this probability is very large. Finally, the costs of the new design of the beach nourishment and the artificial surf reef in Balneário Camboriú have been estimated. The beach nourishment will cost approximately 13 million euros and the construction of the surf reef approximately 1 million euros.","Balneário Camboriú; nourishment; beach nourishment; artificial surf reef; beach design","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-26.991208, -48.621609"
"uuid:aefe13c3-9d6b-4a7b-909a-1ea289126523","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aefe13c3-9d6b-4a7b-909a-1ea289126523","Integrated coastal development Angoche, Mozambique","Duvivier, T.; Heijkoop, G.; Van der Hoeven, T.; Lely, M.","","2004","The analysis of the Socio-Economic system sets the engineering problems in a broader perspective. It answers why a technical problem should be solved and in what kind of socio- economic environment. An insight in recent history shows that Angoche once was an important port and town for the Nampula province. Agro-Industry was the main economic driver, producing cashew, sisal hemp, cotton, sugar and prawns. Civil strife, tragic World Bank policy and the development of the natural deep port of Nacala brought down the town and District of Angoche. A deteriorated road and port put it on an 'infrastructural island', which holds back all economic activity, essential to solve everyday problems as immense unemployment, public health and education. AgroIndustry (namely cashew, cassava and fresh fish/prawns) , tourism and exploitation of heavy sands (containing titanium) are defined as possible new economic drivers. All three can profit from an operational industrial port that opens a gateway to the international port if Nacala. The District Administration is chosen as the problem owner since it is responsible for the infrastructure in the District and its jurisdiction overlaps more or less the future possible hinterland of the port. Due to the Administration's budget, private investment is necessary to improve feasibility. An actor and network analysis reveals that higher-level government is focussed on further development of Nacala (infrastructure) and Ilha de Mos:ambique (tourism). Getting them involved to formulate a consistent policy for Angoche in all relevant fields might be the biggest challenge. Three scenarios, using the three opportunities for the region, show that serious port development is only desirable when a large private investor can function as a driver for the whole region. In the two other scenarios focussing on the development of the road to Nampula seems more useful. The North of Mozambique, and Angoche in particular, have an interesting natural environment. The tropical climate and the influence of the Indian ocean provide for an ecological system with a great biodiversity. Many people in Angoche work in the fishing industry and profit from the protection of the ecological system and a working port with a good connection to the open sea. In this reseach we have tried to solve the problem concerning navigability of the entrance of the channel, which leads to Porto de Angoche. In the parapgraphs one to four, discriptions of North East Africa, the coastal region of Angoche, the estuary and its morphological system in particular give a clear image of the field of research. We are dealing with an estuary with a tide dominated (low) outer delta and a short tidal basin, vegitated by many mangrove forests. After analyzing the flow area we come to possible interventions which could provide a better entry to the port. On the basis the Multi Criteria Analyses, costs and the policy of the District of Angoche, these interventions are narrowed down to three best, most suitable solutions, which are: guiding of the ebbstream in combination of decrease of sediment in suspension (route II), submerged water wall (route I) and dredging. Because there are still a lot of uncertainties concerning the effects of the interventions, it is recommended to do more research when actual aplication is considered.","Mozambique; port development; Moçambique","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-16.244000, 39.907000"
"uuid:4e376b70-1a88-47e3-a2c4-8d44e09d277c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4e376b70-1a88-47e3-a2c4-8d44e09d277c","Integraal kustontwikkelingsplan Nieuw Holland","Van den Bos, W.; Klaver, E.; Koster, L.; Uelman, E.","","2004","Op dit moment spelen in Provincie Zuid-Holland twee belangrijke landuitbreidingsprojecten, te weten de Tweede Maasvlakte en Nieuw-Holland.Om tot een ontwerp van Nieuw-Holland te komen is er gekeken naar de functies en de interacties. In de functionele analyse is allereerst gekeken naar welke functies er behoefte bestaat. De belangrijkste functies die ondergebracht worden op Nieuw-Holland zijn recreatie (500 ha), wonen (300 ha), glastuinbouw (350 ha), zeewering (850 ha) en natuur (500 ha). Onder een deel van Nieuw-Holland komt een zoetwaterlens om zoute kwel naar het achterland tegen te gaan. Om aan te sluiten bij de huidige manier van bouwen en ontwerpen wordt er gestreefd naar een zo natuurlijk mogelijk ontwerp, hierbij wordt gebruik gemaakt van het principe ‘bouwen met de natuur’ dit sluit aan bij de wijze van bouwen van de heer Waterman. Om tot een ontwerp te komen zijn een aantal alternatieven opgesteld. Deze alternatieven worden begrensd door de Noorderpier (4.5km uit de huidige kustlijn) bij Hoek van Holland en de Zuiderpier van de haven van Scheveningen. De alternatieven hebben allemaal een totale oppervlakte van 2500 ha en verschillen van elkaar op het gebied van indeling en vormgeving. Voor de vormgeving wordt uitgegaan van drie vormen: een rechthoek, een driehoek en een kromme vorm. De alternatieven zijn op een aantal criteria beoordeeld, te weten: morfologische stabiliteit, kosten, fasering, ontsluiting, acceptatie, esthetiek, natuurwaarde, recreatiewaarde en woonkwaliteit. Er zijn een aantal weegsets (o.a. economisch en milieuvriendelijk belang) opgesteld om vanuit verschillende oogpunten de alternatieven te kunnen afwegen. Over de exacte uitkomst wordt geen uitspraak gedaan, dit is de taak van beleidsmakers. Wel is een alternatief gekozen voor verdere uitwerking, dit alternatief scoorde met verschillende weegsets het beste. Aan de hand van verkregen inzichten is dit alternatief op enkele punten nog geoptimaliseerd. Een combinatie van de kromme alternatieven heeft geleid tot een definitief alternatief met wonen in het noorden en recreatie en natuur in het zuiden.","landaanwinning; bouwen met de natuur","nl","student report","TU Delft, Section Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:84f36232-2020-41bd-a811-75abf7004200","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:84f36232-2020-41bd-a811-75abf7004200","Rehabilitation of the Mayabeque Beach: Determination of the main causes of erosion and proposal of several solutions","Van den Hengel, D.; Poot, J.G.; Theunissen, R.P.G.J.; Kluyver, T.M.","","2004","In this report the beach erosion problem at the Village of Mayabeque, located 60 km south of Havana at the South coast of Cuba will be investigated. Mayabeque is a small local holiday village. 20 houses are permanently inhabited and in the summer the population goes up to 3000, mostly Cuban people all spending there holidays here. Mayabeque suffers from an average coast regression of 1.1 meter per year. The main objective of this project is the rehabilitation of the Mayabeque Beach. Therefore an investigation to the causes of erosion needs to be made and after that solutions will be proposed. The first step in the research was gathering relevant information. Information on bathymetry, wind, waves etc. was collected. Furthermore the influence of nearby rivers, the neighbouring mangrove coasts and the Coral reefs in the gulf of Batabano has been investigated. With all this data a qualitative analyses was made to identify the probable causes of erosion. The following circumstances were identified as possible causes of erosion: An increase in the frequency and intensity of storms (thus an increase of offshore transport), global sea level rise, a dominant long shore transport and the construction of houses on the dune. All these possible causes have been integrated in a complete erosion theory. The principal idea is that sand from the beach and dune is transported to the foreshore and then moved out of the area by long shore transport. Both long shore and cross-shore transport have been calculated, using the CERC formula and Unibest CL+ for long shore transport and the convolution method and Sbeach in combination with BMAP for cross-shore transport. It appeared to be difficult to combine the results from both gradients in order to simulate the history of erosion. Mainly qualitative insights were gained. The results though do prove that the developed theory is a good description of the history of erosion at Mayabeque Beach. With this theory in mind three concepts are presented for the rehabilitation of the Mayabeque beach. These concepts are: nourishment, nourishment with groins and nourishment with offshore breakwaters. Every concept contains several alternatives. With the help of a Multi Criteria Analysis one alternative from every concept was chosen to be designed. These alternatives are: Beach nourishment, groin field with nourishment and multiple offshore breakwaters in combination with nourishment. After designing these alternatives a multi criteria analysis was performed again and it was found that the groin field with nourishment was the best solution. After an optimization a cost reduction of 30 % was achieved and this alternative ultimately arrived to the following dimensions: The groin field exists of four groins with a distance of 500 m between them and with a length of 133 meters each, with a crest height of 1,5 meter above mean sea level and a crest width of 5,04 meter. Each groin has an armour layer, filter layer and care. At both sides at the toe a filter is placed. The armour layer exist of quarry stone with a Dn50 of 0,63 m, the filter layer of armour stone with a Dn50 of 0,32 m and the core exists of quarry run with a Dn50 of 0,16 m. The filters at the toe are made up of three layers. Each layer has a width of 20 cm. In downward direction these layers have a Dn50 of respectively 108 mm, 18 mm and 3 mm. The slope of the groin is 1:1 and of the head 1:23. The average width of the beach nourishment is 30.2 meter with a total volume of 428800 m3. The construction of the whole alternative will claim about 24 weeks and the costs of this project are calculated at 1.4 million dollar. Due to the groin field with nourishment the beach will be stable and after a storm accretion will return to equilibrium situation. Erosion is present at the down drift side (at the mangroves) of the groin in the west but due to the initial placement of the nourishment in the form of the equilibrium profile the erosion will be less. It is realized this solution still is expensive and that it will take time for Melena del Sur to raise funds. Therefore a cheap initial solution is presented, which can be used to cover the time until sufficient funds for the definitive solution have been found. This cheap initial solution involves a redistribution of the available stones presently situated in seawalls and groins in an orderly sequence of berm breakwaters.","erosion; beach erosion; Mayabeque; rehabilitation; nourishment; breakwaters","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","22.671444, -82.142024"
"uuid:4b616665-3e04-498b-a3cd-c931829b84a5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4b616665-3e04-498b-a3cd-c931829b84a5","Impregnation of mosquito nets by means of EHDA","van der Hoeven, M.","Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor); Almekinders, H. (mentor); Schmidt-Ott, A. (mentor); van Turnhout, J. (mentor)","2004","Malaria is a life threatening disease for many people, especially in Africa. It is a vector borne disease, meaning that it is spread by infected mosquitos. Malaria can be stopped by preventing mosquitos to spread. Insecticide treated nets (ITNs) are a very useful tool for this. The use of ITNs resulted already in a 20% reduction in overall child mortality in Africa. The amount of insecticide on the ITNs gradually decreases over time. The nets therefore have to be retreated regularly. However the retreatment rate is very low (5%), reducing the effectiveness. In response to these low retreatment rates long lasting insecticidal nets, having a life time of four to five years, are being developed. This research focusses on the development of a controlled release coating for mosquito nets, applied by means of Electro HydroDynamic Atomization, also referred to as electrospraying. EHDA produces very fine droplets from a liquid by using an electric field. The produced spray can be used to cover the mosquito nets with a coating. By adding a polymer to the liquid that is sprayed, a controlled release coating can be obtained. Poly(vinyl acetate) is used because is easily dissolvable in acetone, without having influence to the conductivity…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Particle Technology","","","",""
"uuid:26e99e8b-6a2a-4ed5-b0e0-3f972a6b0253","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:26e99e8b-6a2a-4ed5-b0e0-3f972a6b0253","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering: Varna (Bulgaria)","De Rooij, D.; Dessens, M.; Lansen, J.; Meijer, M.; Muilwijk, M.; Raaijmakers, T.; Serra Ribas, O.; Smits, R.; Van Rooijen, D.; Veenstra, E.; Versmissen, K.","","2003","A series of hydraulic measurements were carried out during the field trip, ranging from beach profiles to wave data collection and suitability of stones from local quarries for hydraulic purposes. In chapter 2 something is told about the tetrapods. At Sunny Day Beach in St. Constantine some sightseeing has been done on a breakwater. The quality of the concrete and the breakwater was inspected and some measurements have been done on the tetrapods. Chapter 3 deals with the beach measurements. In order to get an idea about the sand transport along the coast, some measurements have been done on the beach profile. This chapter also discusses the GPS measurements and the sieve analysis of the beach sand. In chapter 4 the wave measurements are discussed. Some measurements on the wave height and wave period and length were done. The results have been checked to see if the waves were Gauss distributed and if the data were reliable. There is also something told about the groyne measurements in chapter 5. In order to get a view on the stability and change in volume some results of measurements are discussed. By measuring different profiles, the volume could be calculated. And this volume has been compared to the groyne volume of last year. In chapter 6 the distribution of stones from a quarry are discussed. The distribution has also been plotted in a log and log Gauss graph to be able to draw conclusions. Finally a new design has been made for the groyne at St. Constantine by using the distribution of the stones from the quarry in the calculations. Chapter 7 finally discusses the bathymetry Survey. With an echo sounder and DGPS depthposition measurements have been done. With the data of these measurements volume calculations have been done. With these calculations it will be easy to compare the bottom profile in the coming years. These measurements have been done along the same coast as the beach measurements.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:b3c3fb5f-f46d-4dbf-b6e8-2edbd55cc803","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3c3fb5f-f46d-4dbf-b6e8-2edbd55cc803","Waihi Beach to the future: An objective review","Brugmans, J.; Van Dijk, R.; Van der Lans, J.; Loeffen, R.; Wagner, J.","","2003","Waihi Beach is a village consisting out of 2300 inhabitants, located in the Bay of Plenty on the North Island of New Zealand. It can be seen as a 9 km long tombolo beach. Dunes used to protect most of the land, but have decreased in size through natural erosive processes and through urban development in the dune areas. The long and short-term coastal processes result in erosion and flooding problems. At some places dunes are partly eroded, while elsewhere they don't exist at all and a seawall protects the properties (over a total distance of about 2,3 km). The natural process of accretion and erosion can't take place here. Two and Three Mile Creek are the two biggest creeks that flow through the village. During heavy rainfall some properties suffer storm water flooding. This flooding is divided in two appearances: flooding of the creeks (due to blocking) and secondly flooding because of a lack of proper drainage to the creeks. The creeks have outlets in the sea, which meanders over the beach. This causes erosion problems over about 500 m of beach per creek. In calmer weather the discharge of the creeks is little and the waves are small, which causes accretion of the beach. This causes blocking of the creeks and by that flooding of the nearby properties. In New Zealand the Central Government, the Regional Councils and the District Councils are the three levels of government. They all have their own policies and responsibilities. Waihi Beach is part of the Western Bay of Plenty District (Regional Council), which is part of the Environmental Bay of Plenty Region (District Council). The institutional and decision-making system has been looked at. Recommendations have been made, how to make improvements to the system. Coastal hazard problems are often difficult to solve, because they exceed the Districts borders or the Districts institutional measures. A national Integrated Coastal Zone Management Committee could help with collecting data, knowledge and experiences from other coastal projects, in order to ease a process for the District Council. At this moment the WBOP District Council has decided to design a seawall to address the erosion problem. This was the cheapest option that provided direct safety to the nearby properties. A lot of local interest groups and residents don't agree with this solution. A good cost-benefit analysis has to be made. Increasing benefits for more people could create financing options. Besides that communication with the community (including holiday residents) to create commitment and awareness is important. The main problem for the beach is the erosion problem near the seawall and the creeks. The seawall isn't a very satisfying solution for this problem. Beach stabilisation options could be. These options result in wider beaches, which increase the amenity values. Two beach stabilisation options have been looked at more closely. One option is executing nourishment and keeping the shoreline in place by renourishing every 5 years. First nourishment is needed to create a healthy beach profile, and after that for widening the beach. Due to the longshore and crosshore transport, about 125.000m3 of renourishment is needed every 5 years. The creeks are trailed by constructing groynes through the surf zone (225 m). These groynes (made from geotextile bags) also decrease the required amount of 5-year renourishment. The second option is executing nourishment in combination with breakwaters. Offshore breakwaters composed out of geotextile tubes are required at Waihi Beach according the Multi Criteria Assessment between eleven possible options of breakwaters. A preliminary design is made for this breakwater option. With different amounts of nourishment and the number of breakwaters, the shoreline response is determined. Renourishment is needed to compensate the sand transport induced by the breakwaters from the adjacent areas to the leeside. Also to address the long-term erosion trend periodically renourishment is required (50.000m3 10-yearly). The creeks are trailed by constructing geotextile bags on the beach, until the shoreline. Some additional sand removal to prevent blocking is probably needed. The nourishment option and the breakwater option are compared in a Multi Criteria Assessment. The breakwater option is the most favourite, mainly because of the lower costs, $5,5 mln instead of $7,4 mln (NPV over a 50-year period). The breakwater option also creates more amenity values (no hard construction can be seen and natural processes are restored) and protects a bigger part of the beach. At the end the breakwater option is compared to the seawall in a cost-benefit analysis. To quantify the benefits the increase of value of the beachfront properties are examined. The conclusion of this analysis is that an extra increase of value of 1.6% in a time span of 5 years will completely compensate the difference of costs between the breakwater option and the seawall. This percentage seems reasonable so the design of the breakwaters is the most preferable solution for the erosion problem in Waihi Beach.","Waihi Beach; beach protection; nourishment; erosion; dune erosion; flood protection","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","-37.414106, 175.949272"
"uuid:36ad0131-420b-4839-bed8-27f7a2e84f4a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:36ad0131-420b-4839-bed8-27f7a2e84f4a","Havanna city seawall: The Malecón in Havana, Cuba (workplan)","Veenstra, E.; Versmissen, K.; Meijer, M.; Muilwijk, M.; Groenendaal, E.","","2003","Havana City is situated on the north coast of the Republic of Cuba, the largest island in the Caribbean Sea. Because of Spanish and African influences Havana is one of the most picturesque cities of the western hemisphere. In the 18* and 19* century a part of the city that lies adjacent to the sea, the Malecón, has developed until today into a beautiful boulevard with a great historic and cultural value and acts at the same time as coastal protection. After a lack of maintenance for more than 40 years, the Malecón area is getting a revitalization project. From here on we will only look at the seawall part of the Malecón, that is taking care of the coastal protection. The main problem is that the Malecón is frequently overtopped by waves and occasionally flooded due to bad weather in the Gulf of Mexico. To solve this problem we will develop a solution in cooperation with the Havana University and the Hydraulic Investigation Centre, that prevents future inundation and wave overtopping, while maintaining the environmental, historic and cultural value of the Malecón area. The solution can be onshore al well as offshore and has to fit in the local situation and Cuban possibilities as much as possible. To develop a solution for the flooding problem we have to go through a whole design process. First we will gather information in the Netherlands especially from international resources about the marine climate, wave statistics and oceanography, because that kind of information is not available in Cuba. The information collection will proceed in Havana at the University and the Hydraulic Investigation Centre. The most important information we have to look for is about morphology, marine climate, information about the Malecón, wave information, construction methods and available materials. After collecting all data and information the Program of Demands can be formulated. First we will review the investigated solutions already made by the Hydraulic Investigation Centre. The review will be done on three levels: the design process, assumptions and calculations. After the review, new solutions will be developed or existing ones will be improved. With the Program of Demands the best alternative can be picked. This definite design will be worked out in detail: dimensions and materials, a cost estimation and a timetable of the different construction phases. This whole design process will be documented in a report.","Habana; Cuba; seawall","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","23.143923, -82.377962"
"uuid:1f092213-f206-46ee-8678-8f4adae19238","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1f092213-f206-46ee-8678-8f4adae19238","Fieldwork Coastal Engineering: Varna (Bulgaria)","Arnold, E.; Bonnes, J.; Breugem, A.; Cuypers, K.; Eijnthoven, E.; Van Haaren, D.; Kemerink, J.; Van der Mark, R.; De Vries, G.; De Wit, S.","","2002","This report was written for the subject ""Fieldwork Coastal Engineering"". This subject was held for the first time in October 2002. The exercise was carried out in the Bulgarian city Varna and its surroundings out from October 6 to October 14. This report has the following structure. First, there is a journal in which the activities we undertook are described. Then, the measurements and the results of these are described in more detail. This is done in chronological order, starting with the wave measurements on Monday, followed by the Bathymetrical Survey, the measurement of the breakwater profile, the inspection of the Tetrapods on the Sunny Day complex and the stone grading determination in the quarries.","fieldwork; Varna; Bulgaria","en","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","Campus only","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:5f2b6de2-7057-4baa-b73b-4a9fc694d61e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5f2b6de2-7057-4baa-b73b-4a9fc694d61e","Integraal Plan voor de kust van Katwijk: Ontwikkeling van Veiligheid en Recreatie","Van den Broek, M.; Van der Giessen, M.; Ginsel, D.; Kooy, M.; Van der Mark, R.; De Nooijer, J.; Prinsen, A.; Van de Rest, P.; Albers, V.J.J.; Arends, A.; Bos, R.; Ouwehand, J.; Reeskamp, B.; Stive, M.J.F.; Waterman, R.E.; Zitman, T.J.","","2002","In Katwijk zijn er verschillende partijen die plannen hebben met betrekking tot de kust. Veiligheidsverhoging van een deel van Katwijk dat nog niet op deltaniveau is, een vergrootte uitwateringsvoorziening, de geprojecteerde nieuwe zeejachthaven en ontsluiting van het scheepvaartverkeer vanaf zee zijn hierbij de kernwoorden. De projectgroep heeft zichzelf als doel gesteld een integraal plan te ontwikkelen voor het kustgebied van Katwijk met het oog op bovengenoemde aspecten. Daarnaast wordt aandacht besteed aan mogelijke natuurontwikkeling, duinontwikkeling, zoetwaterbeheer en de uitbreiding van de kuststrook in westelijke richting. Aspecten zoals invloed van de plannen op de kustmorfologie wordt erg belangrijk geacht. Er is voor gekozen een methode te kiezen waarbij de nadruk ligt op de inventiviteit van de groep, om tot een groot scala ideeën te komen. Er zijn onder andere brainstormsessies gehouden, waarbij zo min mogelijk oplossingen op voorhand zijn uitgesloten. Als kader is echter wel gelet op de wetgeving omtrent planontwikkeling en de functie van de kust als bescherming van Nederland. Er is naar een overzicht van de alternatieven toegewerkt, waarmee de politiek een onderbouwde keuze kan maken voor de inrichting van het gebied. Er is voor gekozen een lijst op te stellen van alle mogelijke functies van en criteria voor het kustgebied van Katwijk om een goede beoordelingsmethode te vormen. Nadat deze zijn gekoppeld aan de belangen van de betrokken partijen, is er aan de hand van een selecte lijst met functies en criteria een vragenlijst opgesteld, waarop de alternatieven uiteindelijk beoordeeld worden. Voor de twaalf alternatieven is eerst de score per criterium bepaald. Dit is gebeurd door middel van het geven van waarden van 1 tot en met 5, waarbij 1 het beste is en 5 het minst beste. Zo zijn de alternatieven ten opzichte van elkaar geschaald. De alternatieven zijn beoordeeld op criteria zoals morfologie, veiligheid en natuurwaarde. Het resultaat van de studie is een multicriteria scoretabel waarin elk alternatief beoordeeld is op 13 criteria. Op basis van deze tabel en de rest van het onderzoeksresultaat kan wel worden gebruikt om een keuze voor één of enkele alternatieven te maken, met de betrokken partijen, welke, na bereiken van consensus, verder kan worden onderzocht en uitgewerkt.","Katwijk; planontwikkeling; kustontwikkeling; kustlijnbescherming; recreatie","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","","52.209330, 4.394717"
"uuid:0a36e4e0-b856-4c28-8bcb-a13f6c0bd60c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a36e4e0-b856-4c28-8bcb-a13f6c0bd60c","The concept of exergy as basis for improvements in energy efficiency: Demonstrated on the SNC Pernis Rubber Processes","Nijdam, M.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor)","2001","The energy intensive industry is defined as the industry consuming over 0.5 PJ (1012 Joule) per installation per annum. This part of the Dutch industry subscribed to the National Convention Benchmarking. The basis idea of this convention is to take the energy efficiency of foreign industries into account in order to determine the necessary improvements of the energy efficiency of the Dutch industry. The challenges for improvements in energy efficiency of processes are set by an international benchmark. The parameter used for this benchmark is the specific energy use. The rubber factories (named CMR) at Shell Nederland Chemie Pernis have to be benchmarked. A graduation project was established between the Delft University of Technology and the technology department (CTS) of Shell Nederland Chemie Pernis. The main objective was to determine the efficiencies of the CMR both in terms of energy and in terms of exergy. Possibilities for process improvements were looked at. Finally, the application of an exergy analysis in the methodology of benchmarking was investigated...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:ac2ea7de-1196-4c86-8ca5-79691278ffb2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ac2ea7de-1196-4c86-8ca5-79691278ffb2","Sustainability in the food industry: Cooperation of different disciplines","Schenk, M.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor)","2000","In general the food industry shows much awareness of sustainability. In my point of view progress towards a sustainable food production chain will become more and more important on the following levels: Consumers become more critical about the safety of food, they notice special marks to food products like biological food and they care more about the environment than in the past; Food companies are asking for more detailed information (like production conditions, genetic modification) from their suppliers. On the other hand, food processing companies are always requested to decrease the environmental pressure by lowering emissions, recycling waste materials etc, like in the petrochemical industry. Most companies also perform LCA to take a closer look in terms of the environment at their production processes; The primary sector (agriculture) has shown the highest and broadest impact on the environment within the food production chain and focuses on good social working conditions. By performing a more sustainable tillage, the agricultural sector is able to distinguish itself from others. Sustainability is very subjective subject: each company has its own opinion (ecological, social or economic focus) and thinks to act sustainable by following their own guidelines. However, I am of the opinion that applying one. general program on sustainability in different countries with different cultures and on a short term and long term base will not be effective. A better solution would be the development of general guidelines by authorities that can be applied as a check for actions taken in agriculture and food processing industry. Here a quantification of sustainability can result in a more objective answer. Also company activities to support a sustainable chain should be rewarded like it has been the case with biological agriculture. Because a company is part of the total production chain, it depends on and influences sustainable development of others. In my opinion, a sustainable food chain can only be reached if the single parts are more transparent, cooperate with each other and show responsibility. This can only be done if there is an objective check by for example the authorities. Performing in this way will not only result in an ecological environment which is usually seen as the most important aspect of sustainability, but also will create better social circumstances as well as a good economic situation. For example, poor labor conditions can not be 'hidden' anymore resulting in an honest price paid from suppliers to clients…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:3ffbd7ba-5242-48e6-a5e4-fe2a3b2a9195","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3ffbd7ba-5242-48e6-a5e4-fe2a3b2a9195","The use of exergy in life cycle analyses: Literature review","Neelis, M.","van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor); Geerlings, J.J.C. (mentor)","2000","In this study, the literature linking exergy to three parts of life cycle analyses of technical processes is reviewed, namely the use of exergy with respect to the extraction of resources, the use of exergy in the analysis of production processes and the use of exergy with respect to emissions to the environment. Exergy is a measure of the quality of material and energy streams. In other words, it is measure for the amount of work can you perform with a certain material or energy stream. Its concepts are based on the first and the second law of thermodynamics. Various authors use exergy to measure the depletion of both material and energetic resources in a certain process, a complete process chain or even a complete country. It is important to use clearly defined system boundaries and it is preferable to use system boundaries similar to those used in the relatively well established methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In the future, the depletion of natural resources, measured with the help exergy, can become an important instrument to analyse and compare various processes and process chains. Exergy is already used quite intensively to analyse technical processes, especially in the field of power generation, because second law concepts are important there. Exergy analysis can be used to determine major exergy losses in a certain process and is useful tool in process development and improvement. The exergy of emissions can only qualitative be linked with the damage of these emissions. No direct conclusions can be drawn about the environmental harm of emissions and their exergetic content. It is possible however to incorporate exergetic inputs needed to avoid emissions or to bring emissions back to environmental acceptable levels into life cycle analyses.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:7821a0d3-2d1e-4569-a4f4-0910a4a71b67","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7821a0d3-2d1e-4569-a4f4-0910a4a71b67","Modelling of the Drying of Granules","Pouw, Gerard","","2000","The drying of granules is a complicated process. Various mechanisms of moisture transport are involved. Moisture can migrate in either the liquid or vapour phase or both, and the mechanisms may include diffusion in either phase, capillarity or evaporation-condensation processes. No mechanism is likely to be dominant over the whole moisture-content range of interest. Many properties are closely related to each other and these properties are complex functions of the drying conditions and the moisture content. The properties have their influence on the transport mechanisms and thus the drying behaviour. This is especially the case with the transport coefficients like permeability, diffusivity and conductivity. These transport coefficients are not constant but depend on the drying conditions and moisture content. So, modelling of the drying of granules is very complicated...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Particle Technology Group","","","",""
"uuid:9e486562-2590-440f-a27d-97411f3e4825","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9e486562-2590-440f-a27d-97411f3e4825","RivierEnLand","Van Broekhoven, R.J.; Ter Hoeven, J.; Keij, W.; Van der Pluym, D.; Saltner, C.; Stegink, B.; Tollenaar, K.; Van der Vliet, C.","","2000","Het gangbare veiligheidsconcept, van dijken en waterkerende kunstwerken in Rivierenland, biedt ons op langere termijn geen “gegarandeerde” veiligheid. In dit rapport wordt een beeld geschetst van het Rivierenland zoals dat zich als “natuurlijk systeem” zal ontwikkelen in de komende 500 jaar. Het rapport is onderverdeeld in drie stukken; dit zijn inleiding, onderzoeken en conclusies. In de onderzoeken kan verder onderscheid gemaakt worden tussen verschijnselen die te maken hebben met rivieren in het algemeen, het modelleren van het Rivierenland en de problematieken die zich in het gebied voor kunnen gaan doen. Om een voorspelling te doen over een tijdsbestek van 500 jaar is het nodig te kijken naar een verleden zonder ingrepen. Er moet dus worden beschouwd, wat er voor het jaar 1000 n Chr. is gebeurd met de rivieren. Uit gegevens volgt dat rivieren zich in 1.000 jaar 20 tot 25 kilometer hebben verlegd. De rivieren gaan bij voorkeur daarbij morfologisch gezien hun loop verleggen in zuidelijke richting. Om praktische redenen is er voor gekozen om de waterstanden in het rivierengebied te benaderen in het KENQUA-model. Dit is gebaseerd op het “knikker-model”. Dit houdt in dat een bepaalde massa zich naar beneden beweegt. Met het model kan gesimuleerd worden welke delen van een gebied vollopen wanneer een bepaalde waterstand als beginvoorwaarde wordt aangenomen. Met de resultaten van het model zijn inundatiekaarten bepaald voor debieten met frequenties van 1/10, 1/100, 1/1.000, 1/10.000 per jaar. Bij het inrichten of herinrichten van het Rivierenland tracht men tot een zodanige kartering te komen van de bodem dat met behulp van de nieuwe bodemkaarten uitspraken kunnen worden gedaan betreffende het toekomstige landgebruik. Er zijn eisen gedefinieerd die in de toekomst worden gesteld aan het nieuwe rivierengebied, dan kan men mede aan de hand van een geschikte bodemkaart nagaan waar een bepaald landgebruik met succes is toe te passen. De verwachte veranderingen in het klimaat van Nederland en de stroomgebieden van de grote rivieren zullen leiden tot een grotere dynamiek in de riviersystemen dan tot nu toe gebruikelijk. Dit impliceert het veelvuldiger optreden van lage rivierafvoeren in de zomerperiode en het frequenter voorkomen van hoogwaters gedurende het winterhalfjaar. Ook zullen deze extremen langer duren. Het risico van (zeer) hoge grond- en oppervlaktewaterstanden bij extreme weersomstandigheden kan worden vergroot door verminderde afvoermogelijkheden ten gevolge van hoge buitenwaterstanden. Deze situatie kan zich zowel voordoen bij vrije lozing op zee als bij bemaling op buitenwater (rivieren, IJsselmeer). In verzilting van de bodem moet een onderscheid gemaakt worden tussen indringing van zeewater in de bodem en het omhoog komen van zout grondwater uit zeer oude bodemlagen. Bij de eerste zou mogelijk sprake kunnen zijn van een grote afhankelijkheid m.b.t. zeespiegelstijging, de tweede wordt vooral een probleem bij het oppompen van grondwater. In een langdurig extreme situatie zal zout water van een lage concentratie de Alblasserwaard bereiken. Het omhoog komen van zout grondwater in het meer oostelijk deel van Nederland zal alleen lokaal voorkomen, bij het onttrekken van forse debieten zoet grondwater. Over de exacte oorzaak van de zeespiegelstijging zijn de geleerden het nog niet geheel eens. Dit wil zeggen dat de oorzaak gezocht moet worden in een samenspel tussen verschillende factoren. Hoe zwaar iedere factor individueel meeweegt in het veroorzaken van de zeespiegelstijging is een lastige kwestie. Er is echter één oorzaak waarover iedereen het unaniem eens is, tevens de grootste oorzaak: het broeikaseffect. Doordat de bodem ook nog eens daalt is de zeespiegelstijging ten opzichte van het land groot. De gemiddelde schatting van deze relatieve stijging bedraagt ongeveer 2,5 meter in de komende 500 jaar. In vijfhonderd jaar zal de zeespiegel stijgen en het extreme minimumdebiet van de grote rivieren Rijn en Maas dalen. Met behulp van een ZoutSim model in het programma STELLA is onderzocht welke gevolgen deze veranderingen hebben op de zoutindringing. Er is uitgerekend dat de indringing van de zouttong in de orde van 10 kilometer op de Oude Maas bedraagt. Op de Nieuwe Maas zal dit ongeveer 20 kilometer zijn. Voor de drinkwaterinlaten in de Biesbos zal de voortschrijding van de zouttong geen probleem zijn. Op de Oude Maas bereikt de zouttong nooit de 60 kilometer verder liggende drinkwaterinlaten","Betuwe; rivierenland; riviersysteem; master project report","nl","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:accf29d7-eda6-4174-b843-12d6c668b974","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:accf29d7-eda6-4174-b843-12d6c668b974","The effect of matrix properties on the properties of Sheet Moulding Compounds (Literature Study): A study on material shrinkage behaviour and mechanical properties","de Smit, M.J.","","2000","A method is developed to evaluate Sheet Moulding Compound shrinkage properties and mechanical properties from mouldings of material without glass fibre reinforcement. This literature study describes issues that were important for this development. Sheet Moulding Compounds (SMC) are sheets of paste compounded with randomly oriented discontinuous fibres. The paste primarily consists of thermosetting resin and filler. Additives are used to improve processability and performance of the material. SMC's are used in compression moulding processes where they cure in a hot mould of approximately 150°C under mould pressures between 40 and 100 bar…","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Design, Engineering and Production","","Engineering Mechanics/Fibre Reinforced Plastics","",""
"uuid:f02579a8-cc10-4f1a-befd-7cd6d689ab65","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f02579a8-cc10-4f1a-befd-7cd6d689ab65","The effect of matrix properties on the properties of Sheet Moulding Compounds (Final Report): A study on material shrinkage behaviour and mechanical properties","de Smit, M.J.","","2000","This report describes the development of a method to evaluate Sheet Moulding Compound (SMC) shrinkage and mechanical properties from mouldings of material without the glass fibre reinforcement (paste). A test method for evaluation of SMC-properties from paste plates without glass fibres makes it possible to optimise an SMC-formulation faster and more efficient. Important advantages of paste evaluation are saving of time and material and the ability of testing large series. Shrinkage relations between paste and SMC plates get special attention in this report because paste shrinkage is an important parameter in the surface appearance of the compound...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Design, Engineering and Production","","Engineering Mechanics/Fibre Reinforced Plastics","",""
"uuid:b487c3fb-c080-4df3-b567-37f625fadc07","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b487c3fb-c080-4df3-b567-37f625fadc07","Critical Phenomena and Crossover Theory: Literature study","van 't Hof, A.","Japas, M.L. (mentor); Peters, C.J. (mentor)","2000","This literature study reports on critical phenomena in general. It was meant to improve knowledge of the critical point in order to have a firm basis for a graduation project...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technische Natuurwetenschappen","","","",""
"uuid:92ebc039-67b9-45bb-807e-cbc51a58e132","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92ebc039-67b9-45bb-807e-cbc51a58e132","Application of neural networks for process control of particulate processes: Literature review","van de Water, R.","","1999","Neural networks are a promising tool for application in process control of particulate systems. Although their use is still in infancy the subject is studied extensively and this literature paper presents some of the possible applications in the field of particle technology. Artificial neural networks (ANN) are loosely based on the structure of the brain. They consist of a network of processing elements, called neurons or nodes, which are joined by weighted connections. A neural network has the ability to determine the relationship between input data and corresponding output data, supervised by a learning rule. This relationship is ""learned"" by adjusting the connection weights on presentation of training data consisting of input-output pairs. The back-propagation network is the most widely used network today, based on the back propagation learning method. This method adjusts the connection weights by performing a gradient descent in weight space. The most important applications of neural networks for process control in particle technology can be divided in the following categories: • Process identification and modelling; • Parameter estimation; • Sensor use. The application of neural networks offers many advantages, their main advantage is the ability to model non-linear systems without explicit process knowledge. Just by presenting the network with relevant process input output pairs, the network is able to learn the patterns between them, which is unattainable using other techniques. But neural networks also have disadvantages and limitations. There is no possibility to look into the working of the network, it still remains a 'black box' and it is unclear why a certain solution is reached. The other main disadvantage is the lack of a proper methodology for optimisation of the network geometry and internal network parameters, which is usually done by trail and error. Before the neural networks can be used to their full potential, these problems have to be addressed, but it is obvious that they are a powerful tool for the engineer.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Particle Technology","","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","",""
"uuid:3a8c5635-f641-418a-971b-40e22bee7f32","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3a8c5635-f641-418a-971b-40e22bee7f32","Hydrate phase equilibria of methane and nitrogen in the presence of certain liquid hydrocarbons: Theory, experiments and modelling","Cramwinckel, A.G.","Peters, C.J. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1999","The base of gas hydrates is a host lattice of water molecules. All water molecules are surrounded by four other water molecules to which they are hydrogen bonded. Unlike the hexagonal closed packing of ice, the water lattice of gas hydrates has different types of cavities larger than water itself...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technische Natuurwetenschappen","","Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:6096765c-6328-406e-9cf9-5256e66f7626","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6096765c-6328-406e-9cf9-5256e66f7626","Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Reduction: An evaluation and discussion of our options","van den Berg, M.M.D.","","1999","If one wants to enter a discussion about controversial (environmental) problems like the greenhouse effect with the actual intention of working through to a solution and implementing this solution, there are several steps to be taken. First of all, the nature, size and impact of the problem have to be determined and generally acknowledged. Secondly, an assessment must be made of the actors and their involvement in the problem and their willingness to solve the problem. The actors are part of the problem or are influenced by it and can be part of the solution. When this is done it is time to work on solving the problem, the third step. Realistic solutions have to be economically and technically feasible as well as (socially) acceptable for all actors. The last step is the implementation of such a solution This completes the general outline of the correct process of solving a problem. In this essay this sequence of steps was followed in order to find a solution for the greenhouse effect. The first step learns that the greenhouse effect is probably caused by anthropogenic disturbance of the earth's carbon cycles. This disturbance is more specifically the increased emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, due to combustion of fossil fuels, and deforestation. At the current rate of emissions and deforestation, this disturbance is believed to cause global climate changes, which can have enormous impact on life on this planet. The actors in this problem are scientific institutes, governments, non governmental organizations^ the public and industry. This links the greenhouse effect to sustainable development, a definition of which is: “Sustainable development is a social development which meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs.” The interaction between the actors in sustainable development is discussed, as well as their willingness to solve the problem, illustrated by international conventions, and their objections to these conventions. This concludes the second step of the solution sequence. An extensive overview is given of options to stop the greenhouse effect. The third step of the solution sequence can be found in a combination of some of these options. The wide variety of options to counter the greenhouse effect all have their own advantages and disadvantages. This leads to the conclusion that we, at this moment, can not choose for one option to be the technology for the future. The solution will lie in a combination of several of the mentioned technologies. The absolute consumption of fossil fuels will probably not decrease for decades to come, because of still growing economies, low fossil fuel prices and the fact that our current technologies and industry are based almost fully on them. In my opinion, the way to follow is a gradual fuel shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources like solar energy, gravity related energy and geothermal energy. When trying to reduce western world emissions, efforts can, in my opinion, best be concentrated on large-scale projects like power generation, central domestic heating and electricity storage systems to be used in the automotive industry. These projects can help to greatly reduce the high per capita fossil fuel consumption in highly developed regions, a trend which will probably be followed by other regions during their own development process. Furthermore, facing the challenges of stopping deforestation in the Amazon’s rainforests and coal fires in China will contribute on a large scale to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions to the atmosphere. Because the scale, costs but also the benefit of these operations are enormous, it is my opinion that the responsibility for these efforts is global. The last step of the solution sequence is the implementation of a solution. The future will learn which decisions have been made, if they were wise decisions and if they have led to the actual solution of the greenhouse effect.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","Phase Equilibria and Applied Thermodynamics","",""
"uuid:1a95cffc-8201-4f20-bc45-bc30e8e8cd3f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1a95cffc-8201-4f20-bc45-bc30e8e8cd3f","Promoting capabilities of some in water insoluble components on the formation of gas hydrates: Experiments and Modelling","van den Heuvel, M.","Peters, C.J. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1999","Gas hydrates are a special case of clathrate hydrates, which are ice-like crystalline inclusion compounds. They can be formed in systems of water and small molecules like methane, ethane or propane, for example. The small molecules are encapsulated in structures of hydrogen bonded water molecules and stabilise the structure in this way. The stabilisation makes the existence of gas hydrates possible above the freezing temperature of water, at elevated pressures...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:04f1b95a-b58a-4c9f-b95c-0d5084e5794f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:04f1b95a-b58a-4c9f-b95c-0d5084e5794f","Van MJA tot Benchmarking: Energiebesparing volgens het poldermodel","Nïjdam, M.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1999","Met de aanpak van afspraken over energiebesparingen tot aan het jaar 2000 door het ministerie van Economische Zaken is eind jaren '80 een begin gemaakt. De afspraken over energie-efficiëntie tussen de overheid en het bedrijfsleven strekten zich uit over meerdere jaren en werden dan ook Meerjaren Afspraken over Energie-efficiëntie (MJA's) genoemd. MJA's zijn vrijwillige afspraken tussen het ministerie van Economische Zaken (EZ) en een sector in het bedrijfsleven over het leveren van een inspanning om de energie-efficiëntie binnen een overeengekomen termijn met een specifiek percentage te verbeteren. Verbetering van de energie-efficiëntie wordt gezien als één van de belangrijkste instrumenten om de CO2-emissie te beperken…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:cf9a5110-1e87-4c29-a81e-f6d5eaacb631","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:cf9a5110-1e87-4c29-a81e-f6d5eaacb631","Exergy analysis of the akzo nobel carbon disulfide process in Cologne, Germany","van der Zijde, A.H.","van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor); van Pelt, A. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1998","An ASPEN PLUS model has been made of the carbon disulfide process of Akzo Nobel Chemicals in Cologne. In this process carbon disulfide (CS₂) is produced from natural gas and sulfur. With help of ExerCom, an ASPEN PLUS supplement developed by Stork Engineers and Contracters, the chemical, physical and mixing exergies of the process streams has been calculated. The results of the exergy calculations are shown in so-called ""Grassmann diagrams"". Each process stream is represented by a band of a certain width. The width of the band corresponds to the exergy content of the stream. The Grassmann diagrams give a clear picture of the locations in the process where exergy losses are largest. An alternative carbon disulfide production process, based on natural gas and hydrogen sulfide, has been modeled in ASPEN PLUS. A membrane reactor is incorporated in the process in order to selectively remove hydrogen from the reactor. The amount of hydrogen that is separated from the reaction mixture is sufficient to provide the furnace with fuel. The design basis for both models is 10,000 kg CS₂ per hour. In the current process the total exergy losses sum to 15.3 MW (1.50 MW per ton CS₂ produced). In the alternative process these losses sum to 20.6 MW (2.02 MW per ton CS₂ produced). The largest contribution to these losses originates in both design's from the furnace. In the ASPEN PLUS model of the current process the second CS₂ distillation column, in which heavy impurities (absorption oil and benzene) are split of and the top stream contains pure CS₂, nether large exergy loss appears. In order to reduce this exergy loss an alternative design for this distillation column has been made. The exergy loss is reduced with 175 kW (32 %) to 373 kW. The conclusion is drawn that the current process is preferred compared to the alternative process. This conclusion results from several causes. Among these are: - The larger loss of chemical exergy in the alternative process for the combined carbon disulfide producing process and the combustion process; - The fact that membrane reactors have not been successfully applied on an industrial scale. It is questionable whether the membranes withstand coke deposition (very likely to occur) or the formation of pinholes, among other things.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:0a74917e-3275-4289-b87c-c31c245e7e48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a74917e-3275-4289-b87c-c31c245e7e48","Modeling phase behavior of polymer/solvent/anti-solvent systems for design of supercritical anti-solvent separation processes for polymer mixtures: Calculation of the influence of anti-solvents on the phase behavior of polymer/solvent systems using the SAFT equation of state","ter Horst, M.H.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); Arlt, W. (mentor); Sadowski, G. (mentor); Behme, S. (mentor)","1998","To predict phase behavior of the polymer/cyclohexane/anti-solvent systems, binary interaction parameters for the constituent component pairs had to be found by fitting the equation of state on binary literature data. Predicted cloud-point curves of ternary systems subsequently were compared to experimental curves and, if necessary, the polymer/gas interaction parameters were adjusted to improve the predictions. The resulting parameters were used to calculate the minimum pressure and amount of anti-solvent to reach a desired separation (product streams: almost pure cyclohexane + 25%wt polymer/75%wt cyclohexane solution) at a chosen temperature…","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:38b4afd0-0c29-49ae-9c14-496bd1dec558","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:38b4afd0-0c29-49ae-9c14-496bd1dec558","Reactive distillation - a matter of combination: a theses on the reactive distillation unit operation","Schouten, J.M.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor)","1998","Reactive distillation is the combined unit operation of a chemical reaction with simultaneous distillation. Reactive distillation especially suits those reactions where reaction equilibrium limits the conversion. Not all equilibrium reactions are suitable for the reactive distillation process several restrictions must be accounted, such as moderate heat of reaction and a reasonable rate of reaction at distillation temperatures. By combining distillation and reaction the combination principle predicts cost reduction and higher selectivity. Reactive distillation applied in production processes shows that these advantages occur. Because of these benefits, during the development of a new process or the re-engineering of an existing process it should be checked whether the process can be improved with reactive distillation. Feasibility studies can easily be done with the use of residue curve maps and distillation line diagrams. However reactive distillation is a relatively new type of unit operation and no general design method exists. Reactive distillation should be more and more applied in future years as the modelling and design methods will improve. Yet reactive distillation has been proven successful in several production processes such as the production of esters and ethers and as separation device in the separation of meta- and para-xylene.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Natural Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","",""
"uuid:71238daa-7e7f-4da6-8c63-808264eb3cc0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71238daa-7e7f-4da6-8c63-808264eb3cc0","Measurements and modelling of liquid-liquid equilibria: of ɛ-caprolactam + water + solvent + ammonium sulfate systems","van Bochove, G.","Wijtkamp, M. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1998","Ɛ-Caprolactam. the monomer of Nylon-6, is obtained from the production process as an aqueous solution of ammonium sulfate and ɛ -caprolactam. The crude Ɛ-Caprolactam is purified by extraction with an organic solvent. To be able to model this extraction process, thermodynamic modelling of liquid-liquid equilibria of Ɛ-Caprolactam + water + solvent + ammonium sulfate is required. Since the number of models in literature is scarce, a dedicated model for the description of liquid-liquid equilibria of mixed solvent electrolyte systems has to be developed. In this work liquid-liquid equilibria were experimentally determined for the systems Ɛ-Caprolactam + water + 1-heptanol + ammonium sulfate at 20°, 40° and 60°C. In addition to this experimental work, a program was developed to correlate experimental liquid-liquid equilibrium data of mixed solvent electrolyte systems. The program is based on an activity coefficient model, that consists of a nonelectrostatic contribution and an electrostatic contribution. The Non Random Two Liquid (NRTL) theory is used to describe the nonelectrostatic contribution. The statistical mechanical Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA) theory is used to account for the electrostatic interactions. The MSA is a physically more correct model than the Debye-Hückel model, since it takes into account ion size effects. The new NRTL-MSA activity coefficient model is compared with the existing electrolyte NRTL models of Chen and Liu. The experimental work showed that 1-heptanol may be a suitable solvent for the extraction of Ɛ-Caprolactam. The presence of ammonium sulfate in the system favours the dissolution of Ɛ-Caprolactam in the organic phase and salts out the aqueous phase. At increasing temperature, the solubility of Ɛ-Caprolactam in 1-heptanol increases to a greater extent than the solubility in water. The NRTL-MSA model, built up from an electrolyte NRTL contribution and an electrostatic MSA contribution without explicit hard sphere contribution produces promising results for the representation of liquid-liquid equilibria of mixed solvent electrolyte systems. For the system water + 2-propanoI + sodium chloride, an average deviation of 0.006 w/w could be reached. It might be concluded carefully that the NRTL-MSA performs better than the electrolyte NRTL. However, the model still needs more testing. It is also recommended to extend and apply the nonprimitive MSA to mixed solvent systems and compare it with the results of the NRTL-MSA model, presented here.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:00aa6cad-40f2-447c-be2f-2ef7463615dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:00aa6cad-40f2-447c-be2f-2ef7463615dc","Statistical Associating Fluid Theory (SAFT) Equation of State","Iyer, K.N.","","1998","The SAFT equation of state, which is based on Wertheim’s theory (1984a,b, 1986a-c) was developed by Chapman et al in 1990. The SAFT model has been derived for a reference fluid that is defined as a mixture of Lennard-Jones (LJ) spheres. The equation of state takes into account the following interactions between the spheres: • Repulsive and attractive forces. • The formation of clusters due to molecular association; and • The formation of chains by covalent bonding. The SAFT equation of state is expressed in terms of the molar residual Helmholtz energy of the reference fluid, which is a sum of the following three Helmholtz energy terms: • The hard sphere term and the dispersion term (corresponding respectively to them change in Helmholtz energy due to the repulsive and attractive forces between the LJ segments). • The association term (represents the change in Helmholtz energy due to associative bonding between the LJ segments); and • The chain term (represents the change in Helmholtz energy due to covalent bonding between the LJ segments to form chains)...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:18aea9b4-1cb3-4c99-9c7d-34ca99736d6c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:18aea9b4-1cb3-4c99-9c7d-34ca99736d6c","Scanning Pyroelectric Microscopy on microporous AIPO4-5 zeolite crystals, with and without aligned (non)polar guest molecules","van Klooster, S.M.","Klap, G.J. (mentor); Wübbenhorst, M. (mentor); van Turnhout, J. (mentor); van Bekkum, H. (mentor)","1998","The aim of this project was to investigate polarisation and absorption effects AlPO4-5 zeolites. Information about the zeolite structure and the orientation and effects of absorbed (un)polar guest molecules was obtained using Scanning Pyroelectric Microscopy (SPEM). This technique was applied on AlPO4-5 single crystals with empty (calcined) channels or containing different organic compounds, like different templates and different (un)polar guest molecules. A combination of position-dependent thermal excitation (two-dimensional scanning) with a controlled variation of the thermal diffusion length, provides information about the magnitude and direction of the polarization distribution in 3 dimensions...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Polymer Technology and Organic Chemistry and Catalysis","","","",""
"uuid:7df74651-ff69-4de7-bc07-8c4338b684c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7df74651-ff69-4de7-bc07-8c4338b684c5","Derivative Properties from High Precision Equations of State: Literature review","Konttorp, M.","Peters, C.J. (mentor)","1998","In this literature study high accuracy equations of state for pure substances fitted to a large number of experimental data have been studied and compared on their ability to produce accurate values for derivative properties. The range and the complexity of the equations have also been compared. In order to limit the scope of the study 5 equations of state have been chosen: • The Schmidt Wagner EOS (SWEOS) • The Bender EOS (20-MBWR) • The Jacobsen Stewart EOS (32-MBWR) The Hill EOS • The Goodwin EOS. These equations have been compared on their ability to produce accurate reference data for the following derivative properties: • Isochoric heat capacity • Isobaric heat capacity • Speed of sound • Joule - Thomson coefficient. Two strategies for calculation of derivative properties have also been studied: - The calculation of parameters in a multiparameter equation of state using mixing rules. - The Extended Corresponding States principle (ECS). The SWEOS and the 32MBWR equations were found to produce reference data of the highest quality. Being analytical, these equations are also easy to utilise. The SWEOS equation produced more accurate values than the 32MB WR equation in the critical region. The advantage of the 32MBWR equation is the large number of formulations available in the literature, and the fact that the functional form of the equation is not varying. The only procedure for the calculation of derivative properties of mixtures that has been tested is the ECS procedure. The accuracy of derivative properties obtained with the ECS principle was found to be good. The complexity of the calculations was found to be the biggest weakness of the procedure.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:e5eee445-2e20-4c23-bf3c-c0ea646763ea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e5eee445-2e20-4c23-bf3c-c0ea646763ea","An inventory of barrier plasma polymers used in packaging materials: Literature research","Gulickx, R.P.","van Turnhout, J. (mentor); de Ruiter, B. (mentor)","1998","Plasma deposition of thin, polymeric films represents a useful and versatile surface modification technology. Plasma polymerization is a unique process for the formation of ultrathin films as a result of the polymer-forming reaction being different from conventional (radical or ionic) polymerization. Molecules injected into a plasma are activated and fragmented by the action of electrons, radicals, and ions; This concept of the plasma polymerization process suggests that the formed coating has a complex mostly intensively crosslinked structure, see also the plasma film on the front-page of this report: a plasma polymerized ethylene (not leading to linear normal polyethylene). Plasma polymer coatings are used in many fields, as optical coatings <1>, to inhibit corrosion <2>, in sensing probes <3> or in many membrane applications <4-7>…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:1c25523f-2271-4d28-8bbb-77d8116f60dc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1c25523f-2271-4d28-8bbb-77d8116f60dc","Exergy Analysis as a Thermodynamic Tool for Gaining New Insights into Chemical Processes: Demonstrated on the SNC Pernis Isopropylalcohol Process","Blokker, W.R.; Molenaar, P.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor); Mooiweer, A.L. (mentor); Iwema, K.A. (mentor); Schoonakker, M.C. (mentor); van Diepen, P.B.J. (mentor); Donkers-Dijken, M.R.G. (mentor); Scholes, G. (mentor)","1998","This thesis demonstrates how exergy analysis can be used to gain new insights into chemical processes. Exergy analysis has been applied to the SNC Pernis Isopropylalcohol process in order to introduce the concepts of exergy and exergy analysis together with its applications to Shell personnel and to show the strength and the usefulness of an exergy analysis in the chemical industry. These objectives have been met by using exergy analysis as a tool for identifying the weaknesses of the SNC Pernis Isopropylalcohol process (COF/3) with regard to exergy utilization by locating and quantifying the main exergy losses, by interpreting and understanding the reasons and causes of excessive exergy losses and by introducing and investigating possible solutions to reduce those losses and to conserve exergy as long as possible. Exergy analysis has proved to be an invaluable thermodynamic, diagnostic tool for process analysis. Exergy analysis provides clear insights into a chemical process and should therefore preferably be used in the design phase of new process designs. The strength of exergy analysis lies in the fact that it is able to direct research and new thinking in order to develop new processes based on minimal exergy consumption and that it covers all aspects relating to process. Analysis of the exergy utilization of the IPA-cbm/IPA section of the COF/3 plant shows that the main exergy losses arise as a result of the original process design: the choice of a reaction route with low conversion to isopropylalcohol and the maintenance of a large water recycle in the separation sections. Potential improvements include, the choice of a reaction route based on the partial oxidation of propane; to reduce the size of the water recycle, a unique combination of a membrane and a heat-pump is proposed. As far as is known such a combination has never been applied on an industrial scale; the use of membranes as an end-of-pipe solution to break the water/IPA azeotrope; the installation of a hot water plant possibly in combination with a heat transformer and the installation of heat pumps. The analysis of the DMK/MIBK section of the COF/3 plant shows that, from an exergetic point of view, the use of DMK originating from the cumene oxidation process is unfavourable compared to the DMK produced in the COF/3. Also a capacity enlargement of the after reactor rather than the direct route reactor should be preferred for the production of MIBK. Finally the replacement of the current heat integration to drive the reboiler of the finished DMK column has been investigated. The essential conclusion of this graduation project is that exergy analysis provides a more fundamental approach to the analysis of chemical processes.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","","",""
"uuid:ea18b67b-ec92-4fd4-935d-10ed2243e558","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ea18b67b-ec92-4fd4-935d-10ed2243e558","Mechanische eigenschappen van co-continue polymeermengseis","Verkooijen, P.C.J.","Veenstra, H. (mentor)","1998","Zeer veel mathematische modellen zijn toegepast om de mechanische eigenschappen van polymeermengsels te beschrijven. Aan het beschrijven polymeermengsels warden vereenvoudigingen gesteld om te zorgen dat ze vergeleken kunnen warden met de mathematische modellen. In dit onderzoek zijn modellen voor de mechanische eigenschappen van co-continue mengsels beschreven. Het is gebleken dat een aantal modellen beschikbaar zijn voor moduli en slechts een enkele voor spanningen. De meeste van deze modellen maken gebruik van fit parameters, welke zorgen dat de berekende waarden samenvallen met de gemeten waarden. Het model van Davies blijkt het best te voldoen voor het beschrijven van de moduli van een co-continue structuur en geniet tevens de voorkeur omdat hier geen gebruik wordt gemaakt van een fit parameter. Daarnaast voldoet de logaritmische regel van menging van Nielsen ook redelijk. Voor spanningen is slechts een model gevonden maar wordt verder in de literatuur niet meer toegepast. Een echt duidelijk beeld is er nog niet voor het mechanisch gedrag van co-continue mengsels, bovendien wordt nooit specifiek naar het breuk gedrag gekeken.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","","Polymer Technology","",""
"uuid:d506ca00-8dc4-4f96-8c72-9fde21d3b885","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d506ca00-8dc4-4f96-8c72-9fde21d3b885","The recycling of mixtures of major plastics by using reactive extrusion","van der Weijst, J.W.B.","Willemse, R. (mentor); Posthuma de Boer, A. (mentor)","1997","The enormous growth of the plastic industry eventually contribute to the solid waste stream. One of the possibilities of working up this stream is by recycling it. In fact there is an enormous amount of literature available about the recycling of plastics. To limit the scope of this work, there has only been looked at the recycling of the major plastics (thermoplastics): PE (LDPE & HDPE), PVC, PS, PET, PP and nylon. The recycling of this commingled plastic wastes is often limited to the production of low value or specialised products (e.g., timber replacement). This can be related to the immiscibility and incompatibility of the majority of the polymers found in those wastes. In order to make a useful blend it has thus to be made compatible. This can be done with the use of a proper compatibilizer. This compatibilizer can be added to the blend as extra component, but can also be made in situ by the use of reactive extrusion. This work tries to give an overview about the use of reactive extrusion in order to make blends compatible for the recycling of some mixed plastic waste streams. It was found that reactive / functionalized polymers can lead to a compatible blend with improved mechanical properties. These reactive groups can already be present in the polymers (PET and nylon) or can be ‘put’ on the polymer; in this case the polymer is functionalized. In the major components of a waste stream, these functional groups are absent and compatibility is not possible with this method. In case of the polyolefins (PE / PP), which are the major components of a waste stream, the addition of a peroxide can lead to improved blend properties and mechanical properties.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","Polymerscience","",""
"uuid:be9e83f2-9dae-4272-a14a-6fe1c3d51526","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:be9e83f2-9dae-4272-a14a-6fe1c3d51526","De stand van zaken voor sortering, reiniging en opwerking van PVC afval tot herverwerkte produkten en de rol van maatschappelijke en economische randvoorwaarden","van der Weiden, M.J.","Willemse, R.C. (mentor)","1997","Vanuit de hoek van milieu aktivisten klinkt nog steeds de roep op een ban voor het gebruik van PVC, hoofdzakelijk vanwege de vermeende schadelijke effekten bij verbranden en storten. Vanuit het bedrijfsleven klinkt echter het geluid van een gezonde en zeer goed herverwerkbare plastic, waardoor veel tijd en geld gestoken wordt in verdergaande ontwikkelingen wat betreft produkt toepassingen en meer herverwerking naar hoogwaardige produkten. Deze scriptie behandeld het geheel van herverwerking van plastic afval, specifiek voor PVC afval. De jaarlijkse produktie cijfers van 5000 kton in West-Europa rechtvaardigen de gedachte dat grootschalig hergebruik mogelijk moet zijn.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","Polymeerkunde","",""
"uuid:d95505a3-57f9-43c0-ad2d-9a9309d3e7c3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d95505a3-57f9-43c0-ad2d-9a9309d3e7c3","Recycling of Plastics: Plastic waste streams, separation methodes, end use markets for recycled plastics","Dekker, M.","Willemse, R. (mentor)","1997","This report is about plastics. It mentions the existing plastic solid waste streams, describes techniques for the mechanical separation of plastic mixtures into then- own species and discusses the problems of reprocessing recycled thermoplastics into new products…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Material Science","","Recycling","",""
"uuid:7db04d7a-588a-42a0-957c-e97183759bf4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7db04d7a-588a-42a0-957c-e97183759bf4","Deformation Behaviour of Thermoplastic Vulcanisates","van Dijk, M.R.","van Turnhout, J. (mentor)","1997","A Thermoplastic Vulcanisate (TPV) is a blend of a thermoplastic material and a vulcanised elastomer, in which the rubber is present as particles in a thermoplastic matrix. In this investigation a Polypropylene/EPDM TPV was studied. This material has fairly good elastic properties and can be processed as a thermoplastic material, which makes it cheaper than a vulcanised elastomer for many applications. However, the elastic properties are less than those of other elastomers. This investigation was done to gain a better understanding of the elastic properties of a TPV...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Polymer Technology","","","",""
"uuid:47030abc-b7b9-4a72-bc0a-6184de79982a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:47030abc-b7b9-4a72-bc0a-6184de79982a","Measurement of sulphuric acid aerosols in still air","McIntyre, A.","Oostra, W. (mentor); Verkoeijen, D. (mentor); Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor); Merkus, H.G. (mentor); Scarlett, B. (mentor)","1997","It is believed that sulphuric acid is a carcinogenic substance and thus it is extremely important to be able to measure its concentration in still air accurately. Previous work has produced a monitor which operated in flowing air conditions and designed a sampling probe for still air. By recreating the still air conditions, the funnels suitability is tested experimentally and the optimum impinger flow rate to operate under is determined. Three different setups were designed and built. The sampling performance of the probe is investigated by spraying sulphuric acid, sampling the aerosol with an impinger ( type designIIr) and detecting the acid using titration. The first setup was unsuccessful and required modifying to the second, working setup before any measurements of acid concentration could be obtained. These results were inconclusive as each impinger flow rate showed a variety of transfer efficiencies. What the working setup showed though was that the sampling probe can sample successfully in still air and that the acid lost during experiment is constant. A final setup is used to find the flow rate which gives the maximum transfer efficiency. Here it is clearer that there is a maximum transfer efficiency of 50 %. The optimum sampling conditions to achieve this are an impinger flow rate between 8.5 - 10 1 · min-1 and an impinger volume of 50 ml over a sampling period of five minutes. With this setup it is possible to achieve a minimum detectable concentration between 19 - 22.5 µg · m-3.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:c77aaf8a-7adf-4c02-a6a5-c9cc190e7899","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c77aaf8a-7adf-4c02-a6a5-c9cc190e7899","The search for a consistent analysis to evaluate diversified use of renewable resources: Comparison of ethanol production and electricity production from wheat grains based on exergetic considerations","Smits, E.C.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Graauw, J. (mentor); van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor); de Nie, L.H. (mentor); de Vries, S.S. (mentor)","1997","In this report an analysis technique will be presented with which resources, products and processes can be evaluated. Also two processes are compared, based on exergetic considerations, as an illustrative example of part of the analysis technique…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:7746c0fd-3082-4a0d-83f6-ff4eaa79ad9a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7746c0fd-3082-4a0d-83f6-ff4eaa79ad9a","Influence of the discharge current on the deposition of HMDSO/O2 - plasma at polypropylene membranes","Gulickx, R.","van Turnhout, J. (mentor); Raynaud, P. (mentor); Ségui, Y. (mentor)","1997","In this report the influence of the discharge current on the deposition of HMDSO/O2 onto polypropylene (PP) membranes is discussed. The experiments took place at a low frequency (3.8 kHz) in a cylindrical glass reactor. The gas mixture in the reactor consisted of 90% O2 and 10% HMDSO reacted at a low pressure of 40 mTorr. The polypropylene substrate was positioned on the lower electrode, and was covered with a layer of 100 nm of plasma deposited film. Several different diagnostic techniques were used to study the influence of the discharge current ld on the permeability of the treated PP membranes such as thickness and density measurements, FTIR absorption spectrometry and of course permeability measurements. When the discharge current increases, that is to say the discharge power Pd increases, the autopolarisation voltage VDC increases (in absolute value) for currents larger than 1 mA as does the deposition rate, Vdep. The inorganic part of the film R remained very low under the process circumstances used, which points to a large quantity of organic bonds (Si-(CH3)3, Si(CH3)2, C=O....) in the film. With increasing plasma power, the flux of oxygen through the membrane decreases while the density, the deposition rate and the R-factor increase. The quality of the plasma deposited membrane improves. It is difficult to create a homogeneous layer, because of the formation of pleats during deposition, due to ionic bombardments. The goal of creating a uniform thickness of 100 nm on the PP substrate is difficult to reach, because of the very short manipulation time (of 30 seconds) available. During this time the desired current has to be set and several electrical quantities must be measured. The uniformity of measurements is also affected by variations in gas mixture, furthermore a difference in calculated deposition rate occurs. The plasma polymer film with the best results, regarding 02 permeability, is reached at the highest currents (here 8 mA); the maximum reduction in flow, when compared to non-deposited membranes, is 17 %.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Polymer Science and Technology","","","",""
"uuid:22de632f-a261-4aa7-b2e5-d69b9337563c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:22de632f-a261-4aa7-b2e5-d69b9337563c","Modelling of Viscoelastic Behavior of Heterogeneous Polymer Blends in the Melt: Literature study","Hoogvliet, R.M.","Posthuma de Boer, A. (mentor); Veenstra, H. (mentor)","1997","In this literature study models are discussed, which can be used to describe the linear viscoelastic behavior of two-phase polymer blends having a dispersed morphology in the melt. Furthermore the rheological behavior of polymer blends in transient flow (= in the non-linear viscoelastic domain) is studied...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Polymer Technology","","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","",""
"uuid:416924ef-fd10-4ec6-a07e-4bf3f660a735","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:416924ef-fd10-4ec6-a07e-4bf3f660a735","The Characterization of Petroleum Fluids","van Nielen, R.M.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1996","Several industrial operations require predictions of thermodynamic behavior for complex, multicomponent mixtures like petroleum fluids or polydisperse polymers. Prediction of the thermodynamic behavior of such mixtures is difficult since not all components in the mixture can be identified. Therefore, an accurate characterization of the mixture has to be developed. This work presents an overview of work done on the characterization of different petroleum fluids. These fluids are classified into gases, gas condensates, volatile oils, black oils and bitumen. Three frameworks for the characterization are described: the pseudocomponent framework, the continuous framework and a combination of the two, the semicontinuous framework. After that, variations and applications to real petroleum fluids are presented and discussed. Good results are reported for the characterization of lean natural gas using the semicontinuous Gaussian quadrature method. Liquid dropout curves are predicted accurately in the range of 8 < P/bar < 67 by Voulgaris. Prediction of liquid densities, VLE and PVT data for gas condensates to black oils show good results when the semicontinuous method by Chu (1992) is used. Only above the dew point of a gas condensate, a pseudocomponent method by Aasberg-Stenby (1991) is expected to show better predictions for compressibility factors. For heavy bitumen components, the continuous characterization method by Huang and Radosz (1991) seems appropriate. In other cases accurate results are reported by Yu (1989). A spline fit continuous method, developed by Ying (1989), seems to work very good for predictions on phase behavior from gas condensates to black oils. These authors extended their method to polymer mixtures.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","","","",""
"uuid:41cf6280-981b-4ce5-993e-41164aa735b1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:41cf6280-981b-4ce5-993e-41164aa735b1","Fibre Optics Photon Correlation Spectroscopy: Measurements at high concentrations","Breimer, B.C.","Willemse, A.W. (mentor); Merkus, H.G. (mentor); Scarlett, B. (mentor)","1996","A method of determining the particle size of submicron particles in suspensions is Photon Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS). This method uses the light scattered by particles to determine the diffusion coefficient, which is in direct relation with the particle size. For concentrated suspensions, like paint, conventional PCS is not suited. For our measurements in suspensions up to 50 volume percent we use fibre optics PCS. Normally, fibre optics PCS uses one fibre. Our set-up uses two fibres which are coupled. Comparing our one and two fibre results clearly show that this set-up has certain advantages. First of all the measurements are for sure in the heterodyne mode. This means that the data gathered can reliable be converted to a diffusion coefficient. Secondly means a heterodyne measurement a measurement with much background noise. In practice this gives a great advantage, because no great attention should be paid to the fouling of either fibre or sample. Measurements have been done with standard 176 nm latex at temperatures from 21 to 71 degree Celsius and concentrations from 1 to 50 volume percent. Measurements in paint were done undiluted and at 71 degree Celsius. The two fibre optics PCS measures the 176 nm latex up to 50 % accurate and very reproducible. Fifty volume percent seems to be the upper limit of fibre optics PCS. The measurements in the paint showed that two fibre optics PCS is capable of measuring in undiluted paint and is able to give a good view of the progress of the milling process.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","Chemical Process Technology","",""
"uuid:9fa57c4b-4cb0-4053-bc85-ec036096ae4f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9fa57c4b-4cb0-4053-bc85-ec036096ae4f","Ontwerp en uitvoering van een managementgame voor eerstejaar TB-studenten: Taakverslag","Ruiter, A.","","1996","Het belangrijkste bestandsdeel van een management game is, zoals voor ieder spel, het competitie-element. De prestaties moeten duidelijk beter worden, en als het even kan moet men hun prestaties met die van anderen kunnen vergelijken. Waar zit echter een competitie-element bij ISDN? Nergens. Het geheel moest in een zodanige vorm gegoten worden dat er een competitie-element in kwam te zitten…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technische Bestuurskunde","","","",""
"uuid:c2b8e2cd-0ed3-4bff-9706-f01e6820e2b7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c2b8e2cd-0ed3-4bff-9706-f01e6820e2b7","Analysis of reservoir fluids: A review on Constant Volume Depletion","Lagers, F.J.G.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Loos, Th. W. (mentor)","1996","The importance of gas condensates as a hydrocarbon resource is of increasing importance in the world. The phase behaviour of the reservoir fluid should be well known for an appropriate development strategy of the gas condensate field. The complexity of the phase behaviour due to retrograde behaviour makes it necessary to produce good and reliable experimental data, so phase behaviour predictions can be made. These experimental data mostly are produced with constant volume depletion. While the data were analysed numerically, erroneous and non-physical component aspects, such as negative masses and negative densities, appeared. The Constant Volume Depletion experiment is evaluated, the material balance is given with which compositions, densities and masses are calculated and strategies are given for revealing inconect experimental data and for numerical adjustment of that data. Determining the retrograde liquid volume during the experiment seems to be a major source of error. Modifications of the experiment are mentioned and are used to collect extra experimental data, i.e. retrograde liquid compositions and densities during the depletion steps. With these experimental data a check can be made on the material balance calculations. For better results of the Constant Volume Depletion technique it is recommended that a better estimation of the retrograde liquid volume is made.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:90a6d452-2c24-4b98-9277-1cf08a6980cd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:90a6d452-2c24-4b98-9277-1cf08a6980cd","The capabilities of various equations of state to model the fluid phase behaviour of asymmetric systems at elevated pressures: A ""state of the art"" compilation with possible targetting for modifications","Hollanders, Bart","de Loos, Th. W. (mentor); Flöter, E. (mentor)","1996","Equations of state are widely used for simulating and designing chemical processes for estimating system properties. If they are extended to mixtures, equations of state provide a useful tool for estimating PVT-properties and correlating phase equilibrium data. Traditionally, activity coefficient models were used to calculate phase equilibria at low pressure. Equations of state used to be employed for calculating high-pressure phase equilibria. With the development of the modern equations of state, it is possible to use equations of state in both the high and low density region. In this thesis several types of the van der Waals-type equations of state will be discussed. The van der Waals-type equations can be split into two classes: the cubic equations and the augmented equations. The first class has proved to be useful, because they are simple and can be solved with a straightforward algebraic procedure. These equations can be tailormade to describe selected properties of interest. They make use of empirical determined parameters, what makes them unreliable when extrapolating the equations beyond the range of properties and conditions. Due to the success of the cubic equations of state, the second class of van der Waals-type equations of state have been developed. In contrast to the cubic equations, they contain more theoretically justified expressions for the attractive and the repulsive forces. The van der Waals-type equations of state require mixing rules in order to be extended from pure fluids to mixtures. The van der Waals one-fluid mixing rules represent the simplest model for describing fairly ideal mixtures. In order to describe highly non-ideal mixtures a wide variety of mixing rules been proposed over the years. The emphasis of this review will be on modelling the phase behaviour of asymmetric hydrocarbon mixtures at elevated pressure. Knowledge of the phase behaviour of these systems is of practical importance, because it contributes to the knowledge of phenomena as solubility of chain molecules in supercritical solvents. In the last chapter the capability of the equations of state with their mixing rules for this kind of mixtures will be discussed using experimental data.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:9f386eba-5613-4b36-989b-60f4b42f27b3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9f386eba-5613-4b36-989b-60f4b42f27b3","Influence of high concentrations on the diffusion coefficient: Literature survey","Breimer, B.C.","Willemse, A.W. (mentor); Merkus, H.G. (mentor); Scarlett, B. (mentor)","1996","Relations between the diffusion coefficient and the particle size in concentrated suspensions are necessary to make full use of the possibilities of Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. In this report several models for these relations are described. Also a number of papers are described in which measured relations are explained. These can be used as an comparison. Most models for concentrated suspensions are in reasonable agreement with the models coming from the measurements.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","","",""
"uuid:a9a1177f-6e50-47fe-9e4d-e6d70aaffb6c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a9a1177f-6e50-47fe-9e4d-e6d70aaffb6c","Criteria and calculation procedures for critical points in multicomponent mixtures: Literature thesis","Smits, J.C.","Gauter, K. (mentor); Peters, C.J. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1996","This literature thesis can be divided in two sections: a section in which definitions, criteria and occurrence of critical points in multicomponent systems are derived and discussed and a section in which algorithms to calculate second and third order critical points in multicomponent systems are listed and discussed. In the first section gives definitions for normal critical points, different types of critical end points and tricritical points and possible occurrence of these types is discussed. Criteria for critical points, based on criteria for stability, are derived in different notations: • Legendre notation • Gibbs' original tangent plane notation • Modification of the Gibbs' original tangent plane notation by Michelsen To state criteria for critical points in Legendre notation is very flexible. No choice for energy function or independent variables is required. This flexibility way, criteria can be expressed in the most appropriate variables for the situation they have to be applied for. Consistency has been demonstrated between criteria for critical points in all different types of notation. In the second section, algorithms for calculation of second order and third order critical points in multicomponent mixtures have been summarised. Criteria to compare these algorithms are: 1. The ability to calculate stable critical points in ternary systems with fixed composition. 2. The ability to determine more than one critical point in a given mixture. 3. Flexibility with respect to initial estimates/reliable convergence. The following conclusions about algorithms for the calculation of second order critical points can be drawn: - The algorithm by Michelsen [20] is, due to its numerical calculation of the critical conditions, one of the very few algorithms able to calculate the stability criterion ""d"" and so to calculate stable critical points. - Algorithms which apply a Newton-Raphson search cannot determine more than one critical point in a mixture and are relatively inflexible to initial estimates. - Only general solution algorithms, like Sadus and Young algorithm II [32], are able to calculate all critical points at any composition. These algorithms do not require initial estimates but are less efficient in computer time. The following conclusions can be drawn about algorithms for the calculation of third order critical points: All algorithms require very accurate initial estimates for the tricritical composition (up to 20% of the converged value). Choosing initial estimates outside this interval may result in convergence failures. These algorithms can be made more flexible by avoiding NewtonRaphson iteration schemes and introducing general solution algorithms. However, this will increase the required computer time.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:9412ea43-f8f1-4a17-9ffd-dff61f6f9bfb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9412ea43-f8f1-4a17-9ffd-dff61f6f9bfb","Literatuuronderzoek naar de Keramische Spier: Literature thesis","Holtkamp, J.","Veldman, E. (mentor); van der Put, P. (mentor)","1996","Omdat piëzo-elektrische keramische bulkmaterialen over het algemeen wel goede piëzo-elektrische eigenschappen hebben, maar geen goede sterkte-eigenschappen, worden piëzo-elektrische composieten gemaakt. Deze composieten bestaan vaak uit een piezoelektrisch keramisch materiaal in een matrix van één of meerdere kunststoffen. Het keramische materiaal kan op verschillende manieren door de matrix heen verdeeld zijn. De manier waarop wordt beschreven door de connectiviteit. De connectiviteit wordt gegeven in twee of meer getallen; het eerste getal beschrijft de dimensie van het keramiek, het tweede getal de dimensie van het matrix materiaal, eventuele derde of vierde getallen beschrijven de dimensie van aanwezige extra fasen. In deze scriptie is bekeken welke composieten geschikte eigenschappen hebben voor toepassing in een keramische spier. Deze spier moet kunnen inkrimpen of uitrekken onder invloed van een aangelegd elektrisch veld (potentiaal) over het materiaal. Als dit veld (statisch of dynamisch) wordt verwijderd, moet het materiaal weer teruggaan naar zijn uitgangspositie. Belangrijk bij een spier is bovendien dat de rek relatief groot moet zijn (ongeveer 10 procent), dit soort grote rekken komen echter niet (veel) voor bij piëzoelektrische keramische bulkmaterialen. Vandaar dat heil wordt gezocht bij de composieten. Uit de resultaten zijn enkele geschikte materialen gekomen. Wat duidelijk opvalt, is dat niet alleen materialen en hun connectiviteit van belang zijn, maar dat ook de vormgeving een belangrijke rol speelt. Ook wordt de invloed van het poolproces, dit is het proces waarbij de piëzo-elektrische elementjes gelijk worden gericht, op de piëzo-elektrische eigenschappen beschreven, waaruit blijkt dat ook de poolcondities zorgvuldig moeten worden gekozen en dat de mogelijkheid bestaat tot spontane terugpoling van reeds gepoolde materialen. Een andere factor die de piëzo-elektrische eigenschappen beïnvloed is de korrelgrootte van het keramische materiaal. Bij een kritische korrelgrootte gaan sommige materialen over van hexagonale naar kubische kristalstructuur, waardoor de materialen hun piëzo-elektrische eigenschappen verliezen. Verder is er gekeken naar de fabricagemethoden en huidige toepassingen van de behandelde composieten. Er bestaan verschillende algemene fabricagemethoden, die per connectiviteit verschillen. De fabricagemethoden worden wel vaak per materiaal aangepast om zo optimale condities voor ieder materiaal te creëren. Er zijn ook vele toepassingen van de behandelde materialen gevonden. Deze lagen vooral in de wat luxere goederen (bijvoorbeeld auto’s) en in de wetenschappelijke en medische sector.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Toegepaste Anorganische Chemie","","","",""
"uuid:2ee80ec5-242b-4426-a4cf-92a6f236d1c5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2ee80ec5-242b-4426-a4cf-92a6f236d1c5","Heat Pumps: With special attention to residential heating","Bakker, M.M.","van der Kooi, H.J. (mentor)","1996","This survey is made to give an impression on heat pumps in general, with special attention to the use for residential heating. It was not possible, within the given time, to discuss every type of heat pump in detail, since there are too many. A lot of the systems can be derived from a new few basic principals. Thermodynamic aspects are described and methods to calculate the coefficient of performance (COP) for various thermodynamic cycles are given, together with a description of the cycles. Since the choice of the heat source is very important, there is a description of the heat sources. It appears that the use of thermal energy, from ground about 1-2 m below the surface, with vertical heat exchangers, is very interesting for The Netherlands. The capacity of the system is not discussed widely, although, it is very important. It is always difficult to choose the capacity of a heat pump, sometimes a lower capacity with auxiliary heating can be interesting. For the heat distribution in the house it is important to use a low temperature distribution system, for instance, air. This because the COP decreases when the temperature difference between low and high level temperature increases.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:ab2f919f-ca51-4788-bdeb-b2366d740641","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ab2f919f-ca51-4788-bdeb-b2366d740641","Alternative Methods of Storage and Transportation of Natural Gas","Setijabudiharsa, Chr.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1996","Comparing alternative methods to store and transport natural gas and some suggestions for improvement of the same will be described in this paper. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG), was, until recently, a reasonable storage alternative and could at the same time be used as an alternative fuel for Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV). But due to its high risk and expensive infrastucture, applications of this method will have to be reduced slowly. For liquified natural gas (LNG) applications, the natural gas is stored as a liquid at around 112 K inside a cryogenic vessel. Such cryogenic system, because of its extremely low tempeature, is inferior in its safety characteristics, particulary in the presence of a fire…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:48b51f8c-641e-4155-8a67-20f2ce621ba1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:48b51f8c-641e-4155-8a67-20f2ce621ba1","Performance Analysis of DS, SFH and Hybrid DS/SFH CDMA in an Micro - and Macro cellular Environment with Fading and Shadowing: Task report","Wibowo, J.E.","Prasad, R. (mentor); Rooimans, R.G.A. (mentor)","1995","In this report, a performance analysis of DS, SFH and Hybrid DS/SFH in terms of biterror probability, throughput and delay are presented. The modulation techniques used are BPSK and QPSK. The effect of Selection Diversity and Forward Error Correction (FEC) Codeon the performance are also investigated. A comparison between the CDMA techniques is made in macro- and micro cellular environment.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:177c65a8-173d-4c1e-b046-9893f721c316","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:177c65a8-173d-4c1e-b046-9893f721c316","Models for Liquid-Liquid Equilibrium in Ternary Water-Solvent-Salt Systems","Mulder, L.N.","","1995","The knowledge of phase equilibria of mixed-solvent electrolyte systems is becoming more important for separation processes in the chemical industry, hydrometallurgy, water pollution control and so on. The addition of salt to a mixed solvent system containing water and an organic cosolvent, alters the phase equilibrium behavior of that system. Several general thermodynamic models are developed to say something about the Gibbs energy or activity coefficients of the ternary water-cosolvent-salt system in liquid-liquid equilibrium. The objective of this paper is to give an overview of the reported models for liquid-liquid equilibrium of water-cosolvent-electrolyte ternary systems. As it is not clear what advantages and disadvantages are of these different models, five models describing these liquid-liquid equilibria are compared to each other based on published reports.","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:59cda3ba-4d1b-40db-8d86-dca8e6a1f557","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:59cda3ba-4d1b-40db-8d86-dca8e6a1f557","Aspects of an exergy analysis for comparison of salt recovery processes","Schoof, A.F.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1995","In this study a qualitative exergy analysis of the evaporation crystallization process and the extractive crystallization process is presented. This is done to give a better insight in the exergy household of salt recovery processes. This can lead to a better design. In the evaporation crystallization process the largest exergy losses are caused by the evaporation and condensation of the water. Because of the higher process temperature, more steam is needed for the heating of the feed. In the extractive crystallization the largest entropy changes come from the mixing and the demixing in the crystallizer and the liquid-liquid separator. These entropy changes are smaller than those from the evaporation and condensation. The streams in the extractive process are much larger, but the temperature differences are smaller. It is probably better to operate the crystallizer at a lower temperature than the liquid-liquid separator. There are several possibilities to treat the waste water in the extractive crystallization process. All of them cost a significant amount of exergy.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","","Process Equipment","Extractive Crystallization Project",""
"uuid:e7fc822b-e030-4226-a87f-f1cfe7694340","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7fc822b-e030-4226-a87f-f1cfe7694340","High pressure phase behavior of binary water - light organic and ternary water – light organic - salt systems: A literature review, and a theoretical treatment of the salt effect","Smits, R.J.A.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); Peters, C.J. (mentor); Smits, P.J. (mentor)","1995","In order to develop Supercritical Water Oxidation (SCWO) processes for the destruction of ChloroFluoroCarbohydrates (CFC's), more experimental data on the phase behavior of water-CFC and water-CFC-salt systems is needed. First a general review is given of high pressure phase equilibria, according to the classification of van Konynenburg and Scott. A general description of waterhydrocarbon mixtures will follow that. Since no data were found on water-CFC and water-CFC-salt systems at near critical conditions of water, the attention was focused on water-organic and waterorganic-salt systems with light organic compounds. For this purpose the phase behavior of binary water mixtures of methane, ethane and carbon dioxide are investigated at near critical conditions. For these binary systems the location of the critical curve is described, as well as other characteristic aspects of these systems. The location of the three phase curve and the upper critical endpoint are also discussed, for the mixtures containing ethane and carbon dioxide. In the water-methane system no three phase curve, and consequently no upper critical endpoint, are present. The phase behavior of ternary water mixtures with methane and sodium chloride, methane and calcium chloride, ethane and sodium chloride, and carbon dioxide and sodium chloride are discussed. For these ternary systems the effect of salt on the resulting phase behavior is described. Finally an extensive treatment of the salt effect is given.","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:7e159499-c794-41a5-93bc-d02a0e3104cb","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7e159499-c794-41a5-93bc-d02a0e3104cb","Modelling of phase equilibria of Water-Organic solvent-Electrolyte systems","Schoof, A.F.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); Li, Y. (mentor)","1995","In this study the phase behaviour of water-organic solvent-electrolyte systems is studied. The understanding of these systems will be used to select an organic solvent for the extractive crystallization of sodium chloride. For the design of this process, the knowledge of the phase behaviour around the critical solution temperatures is very relevant. The model that is used to calculate the liquid-liquid equilibrium of water-organic solvent systems, mean ionic activity coefficient and solubility of aqueous electrolytes and the liquid-liquid-solid equilibria for mixed solvent electrolyte systems is a modification of the model that was proposed by Peng. There are six adjustable parameters: four energy parameters and two volume parameters. Two of the energy parameters are calculated from the ternary SLLE data, the other parameters are calculated from mean ionic solvent LLE data and water-electrolyte activity coefficient data of aqueous electrolytes. The modifications of the original model include a temperature dependency of the binary energy parameters and the electrolyte volume parameter, and the introduction of a temperature dependent ternary energy parameter. Computer programs were written in Fortran to calculate the binary systems water-organic solvent and water-electrolyte with their consecutive parameters. Also programs were made to calculate the solubility of electrolytes in pure water, and to calculate the parameters and solubility of the ternary system. Six binary water-organic solvent systems were calculated, the average error was 2.6%. The region around the critical point was calculated with success even if the concentrations were strongly diverting. The activity coefficient data of seven water-electrolyte systems were calculated over a wide range of temperature and concentration. For the 1-1 electrolytes the average error was 1.1 %, for salts composed of higher charged ions the errors were larger. The largest concentration was 6 molal. The solubility of three aqueous electrolytes systems were correlated. An attempt was made to use the equilibrium constants that were calculated from the solubility in pure water, and to predict the solubility in the ternary system. It is also possible to correlate the equilibrium constant from the solubility data of the ternary system. The two energy parameters that are calculated from the ternary data, were correlated from experimental data of the ternary system water-DIP A-sodium chloride. It has not yet been possible to calculate the phase split, probably due to computational problems. However this theses has shown that it is possible to calculate both liquid-liquid equilibria up to the critical region and aqueous electrolyte systems over a large range of temperature and concentration with the same model.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","","","",""
"uuid:ff9eb3ee-ef22-422e-9e4a-395f14918ac6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ff9eb3ee-ef22-422e-9e4a-395f14918ac6","The simplified perturbed hard chain theory: Development, performance and modifications","Muiderman, M.","Peters, C.J. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1995","The Simplified Perturbed Hard Chain Theory (SPHCT) developed by Kim et al. (1986) is an equation of state based on the Generalized van der Waals Theory (Vera and Prausnitz, 1972, Sandler, 1985). The SPHCT is accurate in describing thermodynamic properties of chain molecules. This in contrast with the common used Peng-Robinson or Redlich-Kwong equations of state. The SPHCT is a simplification of the Perturbed Hard Chain Theory (PHCT). The PHCT is described in chapter 2. Donohue and Prausnitz (1978) treated all density dependent (external) rotations and vibrations equivalent to translations. Prigogine (1957) postulated that a molecule has 3c degrees of freedom that are density dependent (3 translational and 3c-3 external rotational/vibrational degrees of freedom). These two assumptions form the basis for the PHCT. The SPHCT developed by Kim et al. (1986) uses the same assumptions. Point of difference is the replacement of the potential energy term. While Donohue and Prausnitz used a term that was based on computer simulation data by Alder et al. (1972), Kim et al. developed an expression for the potential energy based on the local composition model, following Lee et al. (1985). This derivation is given in chapter 3. The SPHCT is in the first place derived for chain molecules like n-alkanes. The performance of the SPHCT is given in chapter 4 (pure components) and chapter 5 (mixtures). It appears that also polar molecules can be described reasonably well with the SPHCT equation of state. The SPHCT has been modified (chapter 6) to give better predictions of thermodynamic properties. The modifications make the SPHCT more complex, by implementing theoretical or empirical relations.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:e743d240-ea2c-43ef-8b38-dd0b69b3a54d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e743d240-ea2c-43ef-8b38-dd0b69b3a54d","Grafisch Radardisplay voor de ATC-Simulator","Saracoglu, D.","Van Willigen, D. (mentor); Van den Hemel, M. (mentor); Meijer, R.C. (mentor)","1995","Enige tijd geleden is een Traffic Control simulator ontwikkeld door een groep specialisten, waaronder ook mijn mentoren. Deze simulator simuleert een compleet ATCsysteem. Vliegtuigen kunnen opstijgen en vliegen naar gewenste plaatsen, ook een Anti-Collision algoritme is hierin opgenomen om ongewenste situatie's te voorkomen. De oorspronkelijke uitvoering van de simulator laat in tabelvorm de gegevens en toestand van de vliegtuigen zien. Enkele voorbeelden van deze gegevens zijn: positie, snelheid, hoogte, type, label en plaats van bestemming van het vliegtuig. Om deze gegevens duidelijker weer te geven, dan de huidige tabelvorm, is gekozen voor een grafische presentatie van dit onderdeel.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:b6495463-8152-4617-a72b-bb987f4090bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b6495463-8152-4617-a72b-bb987f4090bd","Enhancement of a Simulation of Dynamic Channel Selection as implemented in the DECT standard","Varan, C.","Prasad, R. (mentor); Sparreboom, D. (mentor)","1995","The DECT standard developed by ETSI is based upon so-called Dynamic Channel Selection. DCS is a flexible and adoptive algorithm for efficiently allocating channels in a mobile wireless environment. A simulation program has been enhanced to confirm a mathematical model for DCS, developed by Jan Punt [6]. Results from the simulation program have been compared to theoretically calculated results, with respect to channel availability, carrier power, interference power and carrier to interference ratio.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:f9def499-b8cc-4bd3-8701-66765b3d7156","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f9def499-b8cc-4bd3-8701-66765b3d7156","Phase Behaviour of Systems with Water, Oil and Non-ionic Surfactant (II)","Caꞔao Pedroso, M.A.","Rudolph, S. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor)","1995","This report presents results and conclusions of the research project performed at the Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria of Delft University of Technology. The research was carried out in the period from December 1994 till March 1995. Since this report is a continuation of the work which was done during the period of April to October 1994, theoretical background and experimental procedures were described in the first report (Pedroso, 1994) and will not be repeated here. The ongoing Ph.D project of lr. S. Rudolph serves as a framework for this research. In this investigation the pressure influence on, and modelling of the phase behaviour of systems containing oil, water and non-ionic surfactant is studied. The phase behaviour of systems containing oil, water and non-ionic surfactants can be characterized using these experimental data. The characterization is an important base for the modelling of these systems.","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","","","",""
"uuid:b6369049-58b9-4bc6-a2e6-37839c1a4a8d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b6369049-58b9-4bc6-a2e6-37839c1a4a8d","Voertuigclassificatie door een neuraal netwerk met behulp van samples, die in aantal bepaald worden door de voertuiglengte","Vossenberg, P.J.","van Willigen, D. (mentor)","1995","In dit taakverslag wordt beschreven hoe gegevens van voertuigen worden gemeten, opgeslagen en bewerkt. Daarna wordt een overzicht gegeven van enkele soorten neurale netwerken, die gebruikt kunnen worden voor voertuigclassificatie. Vervolgens wordt ingegaan op de verschillende bewerkingen, die worden uitgevoerd op de voertuiggegevens. Dit zijn achtereenvolgens: het normeren op snelheid en het berekenen van samples uit de gegevens, die het mogelijk maken de voertuigen te vergelijken op basis van hun karakteristieke lengte. Deze bewerkte gegevens worden gebruikt voor de invoer in een neuraal netwerk. Uiteindelijk worden de classificatieresultaten besproken voor één soort neuraal netwerk.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:2cd8c872-c8fe-4530-a3b9-c23117a32a27","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2cd8c872-c8fe-4530-a3b9-c23117a32a27","Fractal dimension and aerosol-agglomerate properties: Literature research","Sol, S.R.","Marijnissen, J. (mentor); Tuinman, I. (mentor)","1995","This thesis is written in the framework of a literature research as a preparation for the undergraduate research of the study Chemical Engineering at the University of Technology Delft. Aerosols consisting of irregular agglomerates are found in many systems, including submicron fly-ash from pulverized coal combustion, soot, welding fumes and synthetic fumes. Most solid aerosol particles are agglomerates of smaller primary particles adhering to each other by weak forces. The structure of the agglomerates determines their behaviour in many respects. This is the motivation for using fractal dimension to describe the structure of aerosol agglomerates. In general, the use of fractal dimension in characterising aerosol agglomerates is described in this thesis. Chapter 1 will justify the use of the fractal dimension as a means of describing particle morphology mathematically. In chapter 2 a description of the fractal concept as developed by Mandelbrot will be given, followed by a discussion of different ways by which the fractal dimension can be defined. Also, the concept of self-similarity will be explained. Chapter 3 will cover fractal analysis, i.e. methods to measure fractal dimension will be treated. The general effect of particle morphology on agglomeration and transport properties is well and conveniently described by the fractal dimension as will be seen in chapter 4 and 5.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Material Science","","","",""
"uuid:1a6b8440-4ba4-4ad4-b6ce-c47bd291e09b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1a6b8440-4ba4-4ad4-b6ce-c47bd291e09b","Het effect van een onderwaterdam op het langstransport van sediment","De Gelder, A.; Siers, J.C.","","1995","Projectgroep onderzoek naar de effecten van een onderwaterdam langs de Nederlandse kust op het langstransport van zand langs de kust.","zandtransport; onderwaterdam","nl","student report","TU Delft, Department Hydraulic Engineering","","","","","","","","Civil Engineering and Geosciences","Hydraulic Engineering","","","",""
"uuid:0d797aa6-b42c-4f8b-b4f9-ad948c37fc26","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0d797aa6-b42c-4f8b-b4f9-ad948c37fc26","Bemonsteringsmethoden voor het ontvangen LORAN-C signaal: Taakverslag","Rutgers, E.J.","van Willigen, D. (mentor); Coenen, A.J.R.M. (mentor)","1995","Na een beknopte beschrijving van het LORAN-C systeem worden een aantal methoden van bemonstering van het LORAN-C signaal uitgewerkt. Vervolgens wordt aangegeven hoe de verkregen kwadratuur componenten bij directe bemonstering via ""onderbemonstering"", één complexe waarde kunnen vormen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:daaf2338-e603-4298-8df3-48c54093f751","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:daaf2338-e603-4298-8df3-48c54093f751","Phase Behaviour of Systems with Water, Oil and Nonionic Surfactant","Caꞔao Pedroso, M.A.","Rudolph, S. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor)","1994","The goal of my experimental work was the study of the phase behaviour of the system water+ n-nonane + 2-butoxyethanol ( H20 + C9 + C4E1 ) more precisely the study of the influence of pressure and temperature in this system. Most existing experimental data were performed at a water/oil ratio of 50/50. In this work the phase behaviour of this system will be studied for low water and low oil concentrations. For low concentrations of either water or oil droplet or inverse droplet microemulsions are observed. For the experiments two different kinds of equipment were used. - A water bath at atmospheric pressure using test tubes. - Two autoclaves submerged in a thermostated water bath with a maximal pressure of 100 MP a. The maximum range of temperature is limited by the boilling and melting temperature of the thermostating liquid ( water). The experiments at atmospheric pressure were performed at four different water/oil ratios - 10/90, 30/70, 70/30 and 90/10 wt%/wt%. The results show the typical ""fish-shape"" of the phase behaviour with changing temperature and surfactant composition. For a water/oil ratio of 10:90, surfactant concentrations between 15-33 wt% and temperatures between 293-307 K a three phase region is found. For an oil to water ratio of 90: 10 the three phase region appears at surfactant concentrations between 12-42.5 wt% and temperatures between 291-307 K. For a water/oil ratio of 70:30, at surfactant concentrations between 15-54 wt% and temperatures between 291-307 K three phases are observed. Finally for a water/oil ratio of 30:70 the three phase region could be observed for a surfactant concentration between 15-50 wt% and in a temperature range 292-308 K. The autoclave experiments were carried out at a water/oil ratio of 10/90 and 90/10. In both cases the compositions were chosen so that the transitions 2-3-2 and 1-2 with increasing the temperature and 2-3-2 and 2-1-2 with increasing pressure could be observed. In both cases the three phase region shifts to higher pressures with increasing temperature, and a widening occurs with increasing pressure. In the systems where at atmospheric pressure a one phase region exists this region shifts to higher pressures with increasing temperature. For a water/oil ratio 10:90 a slight narrowing of the one-phase region could be detected with increasing pressure whereas with a water/oil ratio 90: 10 a clear narrowing of the one-phase region is observed with increasing pressure.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","","","",""
"uuid:6b2b6c97-ee1f-4718-b550-6dc2e6ecb6df","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6b2b6c97-ee1f-4718-b550-6dc2e6ecb6df","Joule-Thomson Expansion of Gas-Condensates: Literature review","Kortekaas, W.G.","Peters, C.J. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1994","Recently it was communicated that during gas-condensate production in a North Sea gasfield strong heating of the production stream occurred instead of the expected cooling. This contradictory behaviour called for an investigation of the thermodynamics of these gas condensate reservoirs. It is expected that due to the high pressure and high temperature conditions in these gas-condensate reservoirs (pressures of approximately 1000 bar and temperatures of 100-200 °C), the Joule-Thomson coefficient will have a negative value and thus heating will take place at expansion; this is called the Joule-Thomson inversion effect. To ensure a safe operation and to ensure that downhole and surface equipment is specified according to downhole temperatures, it is required that pressure and temperature profiles can be accurately estimated for future productions. The present work is a literature review of what has been reported in the open literature with respect to the Joule-Thomson inversion effect and the heating of gas-condensates at expansion. Chapter 2 will give a general introduction to the Joule-Thomson effect. In chapter 3 the various methods of how to characterize the inversion curve are described and chapter 4 will discuss the calculation of the temperature changes due to expansion. The gas-condensate systems are dealt with in chapter 5 and finally in chapter 6 a summary is given and different aspects, which are important to predict temperature changes for gas-condensate systems, are considered.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","","","",""
"uuid:887426f5-646a-4ede-b80f-653db665fe5b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:887426f5-646a-4ede-b80f-653db665fe5b","Het gebruik van laserdiffractie om deeltjes on-line te kunnen karakteriseren","Evers, J.T.M.","","1994","On-line meten wil zeggen dat van een procesproduktstroom (aerosol-, emulsie-, suspensie- of hoofdstroom) of van een reservoir uit het proces, automatisch een representatief monster van de te met en deeltjesverzameling wordt getrokken. Dit is voor de automatische meting van de deeltjesgrootteverdeling (DGV) van de disperse vaste stof parallel aan het produktieproces en in een korte tijd. Het doel hierbij is de ogenblikkelijke produktkwaliteit aan te geven en het procesbegeleidend vaststellen van het meetsignaal, ter sturing of regeling van het produktieproces of voor de afleiding van procesregel- en processturingsparameters. De laserdiffractietechniek, gebaseerd op voorwaartse lichtverstrooiing, is door voordelen als snel meten en analyseren, een relatief breed meetbereik, goede reproduceerbaarheid, betrouwbaarheid, veelzijdigheid, flexibiliteit en gemakkelijke bedien baarheid, een goede on-line meettechniek. Hierbij is de nauwkeurigheid van het licht verstrooiingsmodel en de deconvolutie erg belangrijk in deze meettechniek. In de cementindustrie wordt met behulp van de laserdiffractietechniek de deeltjesgrootte van cement gemeten, omdat het maalproces de grootste energieverbruiker is in een cement fabriek. Bovendien heeft het invloed op aspecten als de waterbehoefte van beton en dus de hoeveelheid krimp tijdens het drogen, de hoeveelheid van uitzweten in beton en de compressieve sterkte van het beton op verschillende tijden tijdens het hard worden. Bij industriele kristallisatie bestaat een toenemende behoefte aan meetsystemen voor het volgen van deeltjesprocessen, voor het verkrijgen van informatie over hoe deeltjes worden gevormd, uitgroeien en breken. Er moet dan worden gezorgd voor de beschikbaarheid over een on-line meetmethode die in het proces de kristalgrootteverdeling kan meten, een dynamisch model voor het regelproces, en procesingangen om het proces voldoende te beïnvloeden. De laserdiffractietechniek wordt toegepast in on line deeltjesgrootte analyse tijdens produktie om nieuwe regelstrategien voor continue kristallisatoren te ontwikkelen. Dit gebeurt met een project genaamd UNIAK (UNiversele Instrumentatie en Automatisering van Kristallisatoren).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie","","Chemical Process Technologie","",""
"uuid:2e42c7f8-1205-4b67-b6ce-5d853c03ed8a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2e42c7f8-1205-4b67-b6ce-5d853c03ed8a","Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics and Deterministic Chaos in Oscillators","in 't Veld, P.J.","van den Bleek, C.M. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); Schouten, J.C. (mentor); Verheijen, P.J.T. (mentor)","1994","The purpose of this report is to investigate the existence of a connection between thermodynamics and stability. The creation of structures far from equilibrium is examined by the use of principles proposed by Nicolls and Prigogine [1971], They describe the development of far from equilibrium thermodynamics, combined with the consequences for nonlinear systems. In the research of the work done by Nicolis and Prigogine, the thermodynamic properties of interest, the entropy production and its time derivative, were distracted. Within this report the study of these thermodynamic properties was carried out by using oscillator models as an example. The basic requirement for the use of these oscillator models was the display of deterministic chaotic behaviour. Different sets of differential equations describing the investigated oscillators were obtained and investigated. It occurred only nonlinear models displayed deterministic chaotic behaviour. Furthermore the linearised model of all these oscillators was examined. Relations for the thermodynamic properties of interest were developed for these oscillators. Numerical experiments were carried out as to integrate the different sets of differential equations in time. Because of the oscillatory motion of the used models, time averages were taken of the thermodynamic properties of interest. The validity of the numerical experiments was verified by a structural approach of the problem. Numerical integration was done by the development of several programs, all in increasing order of complexity. Extensive research of the Baker and Gollub [1990] model was carried out by varying all model parameters. Different waveforms for the driving forces, such as a sinusoidal and a block waveform, and Gaussian white noise were used. Furthermore another type of oscillator similar to the Baker and Gollub oscillator was investigated with the purpose of examining the possibility of comparison of both oscillators. The comparison was carried out to find out if it was possible to predict the behaviour of an unknown oscillator model by using the data of a known oscillator model. It was found however, that the comparison was not possible for the investigated models. The conclusion was, that Nicolis and Prigogine present useful thermodynamic tools for the investigation of far from equilibrium phenomena. The investigation of the example showed no occurrence of inconsistencies concerning the theory developed by Nicolis and Prigogine. Although the first results are hopeful, further research seems necessary as to assure the validity of the interpretations of the investigated thermodynamic properties.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Chemie en Thermodynamica, Chemische Procestechnologie","",""
"uuid:8c3f2d63-3946-4231-a697-f659a430f1fc","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8c3f2d63-3946-4231-a697-f659a430f1fc","Radical grafting reactions of polyolefines: Mechanism, proces and application","Jongejan, Stephanie","Mijs, W.J. (mentor)","1994","This literature study has been done as part of the study of Chemical Technology at the Delft University of Technology under the supervision of Prof. Dr. w. J. Mijs. Radical graftingreactions of polyolefines were chosen as the subject of this study. This report describes the different methods of free-radical grafting reactions. Chain Transfer is the easiest method of graft copolymerization, but the disadvantages of this free radical method is that in addition to the desired grafting reaction homopolymers are also obtained due to either chain transfer to monomer or direct initiation, or because not every preformed macromolecule enters into chain transfer reaction. The redox method leads to relatively clean graft copolymers since the free radical is formed only at the prepolymer so that homopolymerization is minimized. The grafting of two different monomers (maleic anhydride and styrene) onto propylene/ethylene copolymer and polypropylene by formation of the charge transfer complex of maleic anhydride and styrene is described...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Polymer Technology","","","",""
"uuid:bf38498a-265f-4e5b-b262-a81a8f18e0c0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bf38498a-265f-4e5b-b262-a81a8f18e0c0","Een Praktische methode voor snelle multipad schatting bij GPS","Septiawan, R.","Van Willigen, D. (mentor); Coenen, A.J.R.M. (mentor); Van Nee, D.J.R. (mentor)","1994","Multipad levert lastige problemen op bij het verwerken van de te ontvangen satelietnavigatie signalen.Bij de leerstoel plaatsbepaling en navigatie wordt veel onderzoek gedaan om multipad signalen te kunnen detecteren. Het multipad signaal kan worden onderscheiden van het directe signaal door middel van een iteratieve signaal schattingsmethode. Uitgaande het te ontvangen signaal dat besmet is door een multipad signaal wordt een replika, als een eerste schatting van het directe signaal, afgetrokken. Het verschil is dan de eerste schatting van het multipad signaal. Dit wordt beurtelings gedaan. Om het berekenen daarvan te versnellen wordt het te ontvangen signaal slechts Nyquist bemonsterd. De replika wordt overbemonsterd in een tabel opgeslagen. Het blijkt dat de nauwkeurigheid hetzelfde blijft maar dat de hoeveelheid berekeningen sterk afneemt t.o.v. die bij een geschikte interpolatietechniek.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:afbd3746-6a1e-40f7-804b-a03e33cefe92","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:afbd3746-6a1e-40f7-804b-a03e33cefe92","De invloed van de molecuulparameters op het thermotrope gedrag van poly(epichloorhydrine) gesubstitueerd met alkoxybifenylen en cyanobifenylen als mesogene zijgroepen","van der Hoeven, Frank P.","Cordfunke, P.M. (mentor); van der Lingen, R. (mentor); Fransen, M.R. (mentor)","1994","Het doel van het onderzoek was het bestuderen van de invloed van molecuulparameters op het thermotrope gedrag van poly-epichloorhydrine (PECH), dat gesubstitueerd was met alkoxybifenylen en cyanobifenylen. Om dit te kunnen doen moesten PECH, alkoxybifenylen en cyanobifenyl gesynthetiseerd worden. Beide bifenylen werden tevens voorzien van een spacer. De polymerisatie van epichloorhydrine, volgens het Activated Monomer Mechanism met een BF3-ethyleenglycolcomplex is goed gelukt. Ook de alkoxybifenylen en cyanobifenyl zijn met succes gesynthetiseerd. De opbrengsten waren echter laag voor de syntheses van de alkoxybifenylen. Het PECH is succesvol gesubstitueerd met alle mesogene groepen. De substitutiegraad van deze reacties varieerde tussen 50 en 95 %. De invloed van de staartlengte en de spacer op het thermotrope vloeibaar-kristallijne gedrag van de polymeren is onderzocht met behulp van DSC en polarisatiemicroscopie. Hieruit bleek dat bij toenemende staartlengte de isotropisatietemperatuur afneemt. Dit effect wordt versterkt indien er een spacer aan het systeem wordt toegevoegd. Noch de staartlengte noch de spacer hebben invloed op de breedte van het temperatuurgebied van de mesofase. Wel is er een invloed op de ligging van dit gebied. Bij toenemende staartlengte verschuift dit temperatuurgebied naar een lager niveau. Alle polymeren vertoonden op het eerste gezicht één of meerdere smectische mesofasen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:e998d769-c536-4931-8354-488f37b3071b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e998d769-c536-4931-8354-488f37b3071b","The influence of hydroxyapatite fillers on the mechanical properties of biocomposites: An investigation on shape and surface treatment","Costenoble, O.M.","te Nijenhuis, K. (mentor); de Wijn, J.R. (mentor)","1994","Polylactide is a common bioresorbable implant material for human medical applications. To use it as a bone healing material for biological fixation, its mechanical properties must first be improved. These properties are more likely to resemble those of the human bone if hydroxyapatite fillers are incorporated in the polymer matrix. This incorporation also introduces mechanical, chemical and medical problems. This work deals with the first two. The improvement of composite properties generally depends on two things: the shape of the filler and the adhesion between filler and matrix material. Both were investigated in this research work. Three different powders, namely a non-specific (' shapeless' ) , a spherical and a needle-like one, were used. Adhesion, which normally does not exist between polylactide and hydroxyapatite, was created by using silanes. All powders were coated with y-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or N-(3-(Trimethoxysilyl)propyl)-ethylenediamine before making the composites. First work was done on poly ( D, L-lactide), which was expected to cause fewer inflammatory problems than the more commonly used poly(L-lactide). Although good results were obtained from polymerization processes, problems occurred when fillers were added. Both pre- and post-polymerization blending lowered molecular weight dramatically. It appeared that poly(D,Llactide) was too sensitive to water and air to obtain reproducible composites. For clear investigation of shape and silane influence, attention was drawn to a poly (methylmethacrylate) matrix. Physicochemical analysis of the coated hydroxyapatite showed that silylation of the powders, especially the needle-like form, is difficult. Silylation itself has its limitations regarding the apatite's chemical structure. From the applied mechanical tests it can be concluded that spherical particles give the best improvement to the lactide, although nearly enough to compete for biomechanical needs concerning strength and strain. Therefore further work should be addressed to improving the coating on spherical powder, followed by investigations with a poly(D,L-lactide) matrix.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Material Sciences","","","",""
"uuid:b1ad579a-89cf-40e2-8a75-e17477ace0a6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b1ad579a-89cf-40e2-8a75-e17477ace0a6","Lyotroop vloeibaar kristallijne amfifiele zijketenpolymeren","Poolman, R.","Mijs, W.J. (mentor)","1994","Amfifielen zijn stoffen die opgebouwd zijn uit een hydrofiel gedeelte (de kop) en een hydrofoob gedeelte (staart). Amfifiele moleculen kunnen in oplossing lyotroop vloeibaar kristallijne fasen vormen. Door een laag-moleculairgewicht amfifiel monomeer te polymeriseren of via een additie reactie aan een poplymeerhoofdketen te verbinden, kan een amfifiele zijketenpolymeren verkregen worden. Het is gebleken dat ook amfifiele zijketenpolymeren in oplossing lyotroop vloeibaar kristallijne fasen kunnen vormen. De gevormde mesofasen zijn identiek aan de mesofasen die door laag-moleculairgewicht surfactants worden gevormd…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie der Macromoleculaire Stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:1450333a-0a6a-484a-a1db-a0bbff5ee289","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1450333a-0a6a-484a-a1db-a0bbff5ee289","Modifications in multi-phase flash calculation program OAA500, to include solid-solid transitions, followed by modelisation of three synthetic gas condensates","de Weert, B.V.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); Ungerer, Ph. (mentor)","1994","Presently most high temperature-high pressure oil and gas accumulations in deep reservoirs of oil producing regions, are not equipped for production, due to economic as well as technical difficulties. These difficulties arise from the scarcity of operational equipment suited to this pressure range, but also from the original phase behaviour of these reservoir fluids. A solid phase may be detected at temperatures below 30 ° c, due to crystallization of the heavy hydrocarbons, such as normal alkanes heavier than c20. This may lead to high corrosion rates in the pipelines, when the precipitated solids are transported with the same speed as the fluid, or even to plugging in the pipes. Modelisation of such complex mixtures becomes increasingly important. During this project, modifications were made in the solid-liquid phase equilibrium theory proposed by Prausnitz (Prausnitz et al., 1986). This model is included in a multi-phase flash calculation program, which was used to predict phase behaviour of three different synthetic gas condensate mixtures... - Jaartal geschat","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:aa3cf521-d783-4741-9e8d-6f6435f550f5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aa3cf521-d783-4741-9e8d-6f6435f550f5","Thermodynamic methods to describe phase equilibria involving a solid phase: Literature survey","de Weert, B.V.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor)","1994","Four different methods (Prausnitz, Won, Hansen and Salim) that can be used to calculate phase equilibria involving a solid phase, are described. Improved versions of these methods (Ungerer, Chung, Erickson and Brown) are discussed as well. The model proposed by Prausnitz (Prausnitz et al., 1986), can be applied to calculate solid-liquid phase equilibria assuming that different solid forming components do not form a solid solution. The models proposed by Won (1986), Hansen (Hansen et al., 1988) and Salim (Salim et al., 1994) can be used to calculate vapour-liquid-solid wax phase equilibria for paraffinic hydrocarbon mixtures. The model proposed by Salim has the advantage that only one equation of state is used to calculate the entire phase diagram, whereas the other models have to be used in combination with an equation of state to calculate the liquid-vapour equilibrium. Modifications for the model, originally given by Prausnitz, were proposed to describe the influence of the pressure and to include the possibility of solid-solid transitions (Ungerer et al., 1994). Ungerer used a simplification of this model, to reproduce crystallisation in four synthetic gas condensate mixtures, achieving good agreement with experimental data. Gas-solid equilibria, are adequately described with a negative slope of the gas/gas-solid transition curve in the P, T diagram, which seems to be characteristic of solid forming gas condensates at high pressure, above the dew point curve. Chung (1992) proposed a method based on Won's model, with improved predictions for the wax appearance points (W APs). This model was used to calculate W APs for three North Sea crudes, showing good agreement with measured temperatures. The quantity and composition of the precipitated wax can also be calculated but accurate experimental data are scarce, since waxy crystals entrap significant amounts of liquid hydrocarbons. Alphaltene solubilities in organic solvents and oils can be accurately predicted. For highly polar or associating solvents, however, the model is inadequate and the activity coefficient of the solid in the liquid phase has to be predicted by other methods such as group contribution methods. Erickson (Erickson et al., 1993) proposed modifications for the model described by Won, to obtain a better fit with experimental data. The model does not take into account the influence of the pressure, the difference in molar heat capacity between the solid and the liquid phase and assumes unity for the ratio of activity coefficients between the liquid and the solid phase. The model was used to predict WAPs and the amount of wax formed as function of the temperature, for 16 real crudes and condensates, using only a compositional analysis and no tuning parameters. It provided excellent predictions of the W APs, as well as a good qualitative agreement for the solid wax content. Since the model does not need to be tuned to individual crudes, the mixing of crudes, solvents and condensates can easily be included in the model. This model also provides an excellent method for predicting solid-liquidvapour phase behaviour for hydrocarbon systems, based solely upon detailed compositional analysis... - Jaartal geschat","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Materials Science","","","",""
"uuid:3e8c382c-c331-404a-9264-d40399ea383b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3e8c382c-c331-404a-9264-d40399ea383b","Enhancement of the Communication Services of a Multinational Organization: Individual Project Practical","Rashmi, N.","Snoeij, P. (mentor)","1993","In this report the best way to enhance the communication of an organization (between the headoffice and foreign division) has been discussed. To understand the project some case studies have been done. Here it is explained how the communication is done in multinational companies, like in: Shell, Alcatel, Unilever, NCR\AT&T, PTT Telecom Netherlands, and British Telecom. Based on all the research done, networks have been proposed. Integrated services digital network (ISDN), Wide-area network (WAN), Local area network (LAN), and Worldwide virtual private network (WVPN). To support these networks some applications has also been advised, such as: Electronic mail, PC-fax, videoconferencing, and electronic data interchange (EDI).","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:62ce498a-ea0c-4b3f-9cf5-b50c13461792","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62ce498a-ea0c-4b3f-9cf5-b50c13461792","Het tijdregistratieprobleem bij de datacollectie tijdens de MIAS testvluchten","Vroeijenstijn, R.","de Vos, A.J. (mentor)","1993","In dit taakverslag worden de problemen met betrekking tot de tijdregistratie van de berichten in het MIAS-concept beschreven. Er wordt een oplossing voor dit probleem aangedragen en getest.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:d7c55fbb-8ba9-4c9e-b3f3-704d8cb5af34","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d7c55fbb-8ba9-4c9e-b3f3-704d8cb5af34","Karakterisering, modellering en verbetering van PET/HDPE-mengsels ten behoeve van de materiaalherverwerking","van de Bospoort, G.M.","Wiegersma, S. (mentor); van Turnhout, J. (mentor)","1993","In dit onderzoek is gekeken naar de eigenschappen van PET /HDPE-mengsels. De mechanische eigenschappen van mengsels met verschillende samenstelling zijn getest. Ter verbetering van deze mechanische eigenschappen is Kraton (een SEBS-blok-copolymeer) als compatibiliser toegevoegd. Dit had een weinig spectaculaire invloed. Het is dan ook dubieus of Kraton als compatibiliser of als rubber werkt. De mengsels zijn daarnaast gekarakteriseerd met behulp van verschillende andere methoden, zoals DSC en diëlektrische analyse. Met de laatste methods is het mogelijk kleine hoeveelheden PET in HOPE te detecteren. Er is geen invloed van de compatibiliser op de dielektrische eigenschappen waargenomen. Tenslotte zijn de PET /HDPE-mengsels gemodelleerd met behulp van mengformules. De verliespieken blijken uitstekend voorspeld te kunnen warden met behulp van de mengformules.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie der Macromoleculaire Stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:d2b0e07d-64bc-4916-847a-65991902b7b9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d2b0e07d-64bc-4916-847a-65991902b7b9","Gasfase Polymerisatie van Olefinen in Gefluidiseerde Bedden (modelvorming en simulatie t.b. v. procesontwerp en beheersing): Literatuurscriptie","Bax, B.J.","Grievink, J. (mentor); Verheijen, P.J.T. (mentor); te Nijenhuis, K. (mentor)","1993","De polyolefinen van etheen en propeen zijn veruit de belangrijkste polymeren op de wereld plastic markt. De ontdekking van Ziegler en Natta van katalysatoren die in staat waren om bij lage druk en temperatuur deze polymeren te produceren betekende een ommekeer in de industriële productie van polyolefinen. De huidige structurele overcapaciteit op de markt voor de bulkpolymeren versterkt het zoeken naar bet vergroten van de efficiëntie bij de productie van deze polymeren. Enerzijds doet men dit door bestaande processen te optimaliseren, anderzijds zoekt men nieuwe processen met een hoger rendement. Een voorbeeld van een nieuw en veelbelovend proces is het UNIPOL proces van Union Carbide. In dit gasfase (co)polymerisatieproces worden olefinen gepolymeriseerd in een gefluïdiseerd bed reactor met behulp van een heterogene Ziegler Natta katalysator. Dit gasfase proces is erg flexibel en tevens goedkoop in de productie van zeer uiteenlopende grades. Het blijkt dat het gebruikte katalysator systeem erg belangrijk is voor de yield en de polymeereigenschappen. Hierbij speelt tevens de procesvoering een belangrijke rol. Door de mogelijkheid vele grades in een reactor te produceren, zullen de meeste reactoren elke paar dagen van grade wisselen. Het polymeer heeft een gemiddelde verblijftijd van 3-5 uur, zodat de potentie bestaat om grote hoeveelheden off-spec materiaal te produceren. Vandaar dat men geïnteresseerd is in het opzetten van modellen die het (dynamische) gedrag van deze reactoren beschrijven, en om met deze modellen simulaties uit te voeren voor het bepalen van een optimale grade wissel strategie. In deze literatuurscriptie wordt allereerst getracht meer inzicht te verschaffen in de polymerisatie van olefinen, waarna wordt ingezoomd op de gasfase en de modelvorming.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Procesintegratie","","","",""
"uuid:acbb80e7-e14e-4a4c-9bbb-2274883cf2a6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:acbb80e7-e14e-4a4c-9bbb-2274883cf2a6","Simulation of a BPSK receiver structure in a cochannel interference environment with signal processing worksystem","Sahebdin, M.F.","Prasad, R. (mentor); Janssen, G.J.M. (mentor)","1993","A proposed receiver structure for simultaneous reception of two Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulated co-channel signals is modelled in simulation package Signal Processing WorkSystem (SPW). The proposed receiver structure has the function to recover the stronger signal from the input signal. The simulation results of the Bit Error Rate and Signal To Noise Ratio are compared with the theoretical results. The simulation results for Signal To Noise Ratio are matching the theoretical results. For the Bit Error Rate the simulation results are a little higher then the theoretical results.","BPSK receiver; Signal Processing WorkSystem; Signal to noise ratio; Bit error rate","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:db9fb902-da12-4986-a804-c6f3de77a933","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:db9fb902-da12-4986-a804-c6f3de77a933","Effect of non-fade duration on outage probability of asynchronous packet transmission in a cellular radio network","Visser, M.A.","Kegel, A. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor)","1993","In order to make an assessment of the quality of packet transmission in a cellular radio network, we have to know the probability of not receiving a packet correct or in other words the outage probability. In this report we look at the effect of the non-fade duration on the outage probability. Whereas the non-fade duration is dependent on three parameters namely, the protection ratio α, the clustersize C and the velocity of the mobile v. The outage is evaluated for two kinds of transmission namely, triggered transmission and random transmission. For random transmission the outage is also evaluated as a function of the traffic intensity of the interferers. Whereafter the outage is further improved by the implementation of diversity. At last we select an optimal packetlength for random transmission. The analytical part of this report is based on a study of literature. Whereupon the calculations of the outage probability are performed by means of the mathematical computer program Mathcad.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:e029d6d3-631d-4a38-a048-cb9b4bb7f85a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e029d6d3-631d-4a38-a048-cb9b4bb7f85a","Optimalisatie in 4D vliegbanen: Taakverslag","Widjiati, E.","van Willigen, D. (mentor); Theunissen, E. (mentor)","1993","In het kader van het DELPHINS programma wordt onderzoek verricht naar het uitvoeren van zogenaamde 4D routes. Bij het volgen van zo'n route is het van belang dat eventuele fouten volgens een minimale kosten criterium weggeregeld worden. In deze taakopdracht is naar analytische methoden gezocht om de tijd en positiefouten te minimaliseren volgens een bepaald kosten criterium. Bij deze minimalisatie gelden voor elk vliegtuig een aantal randvoorwaarden in de snelheid en versnelling. Door de afgeleide naar de tijd van de bewegingsvergelijking te nemen, kan de optimale vlucht met minimale tijd en minimale kosten verkregen worden.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:d53371e5-ddb8-4326-b272-21b62c6b7240","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d53371e5-ddb8-4326-b272-21b62c6b7240","Phase equilibrium calculations using an equation of state: Literature review","Nugroho, M.J.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); Stamoulis, D.P. (mentor)","1993","This literature study discusses computational methods for phase equilibrium problems using a single equation of state. In this case, two-phase, multiphase especially three phase, and critical point calculation methods are evaluated. Some methods are discussed in detail and the applicability is shown by examples of calculated systems. The importance of this study is to give an insight in the ease and difficulties in the calculation that might be encountered. In general the difficulties are in the determination of initial estimates, convergence behaviour and phase identification. Therefore the discussion of the stability analysis based on the Gibbs energy minimization is considered first. This stability analysis provides schematic solving strategies and initial estimates for the flash calculation. The stability analysis discussed here is based on the paper of Michelsen (1982a). Further, the discussion of the critical point calculation is in a separate chapter, since the flash calculation does not work. In the critical region two additional conditions have to be used according to the Gibbs formulation of the critical points.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Material Science","","Applied Thermodynamic and Phase Behaviour","",""
"uuid:68d8b7e4-3c17-4330-9a42-66d2ff5bed9d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:68d8b7e4-3c17-4330-9a42-66d2ff5bed9d","Throughput and capacity analysis in a DS/CDMA system with sectorization: Task report","Wigard, J.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Jansen, M.G. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor)","1993","Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS/CDMA) has recently been proposed for high capacity mobile cellular networks. One of the possibilities to increase the capacity is sectorization. In this report the effects of sectorization on the maximum capacity and the throughput of a slotted DS/CDMA system are investigated. First perfect sectorization is considered. In that case the receiving gain is constant between the sector boundaries and beyond the boundaries the receiving gain is zero. Because antennas have sidelobes and the receiving gain is not constant, a model for imperfect sectorization is developed and the throughput and the maximum capacity are calculated with the model. Only the reverse link is considered, i.e. the link from mobile unit to base station.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:d5815230-e734-4730-8841-f44d6e68f6ae","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d5815230-e734-4730-8841-f44d6e68f6ae","Exergy analysis and irreversible thermodynamics applied to the distillation of ideal binary mixtures","Strijk, F.","Ratkje, S.K. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1993","An exergy analysis has been made for a distillation column separating an ideal binary mixture. It was assumed that the exergy losses were divided over the refluxcondenser, reboiler and plates. The effects of pressure drop and gravitation were neglected. It was tried to gain better insight into the results of the analysis with the theory of irreversible thermodynamics...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","",""
"uuid:0ff22f4a-812f-4fd6-80a5-3123ad305783","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0ff22f4a-812f-4fd6-80a5-3123ad305783","Dokumentatie en Ontwikkeling van ITORAII","Stokke, O.","Westerveld, J.R. (mentor)","1993","Het object georienteerde turbo pascal programma ITORA II (Interactive Telephone network Optimization in Rural Areas) is en hulpmiddel bij de planning en optimalisering van telefoonnetwerken in rurale gebieden. ITORA II is een onderdeel van het Delft Rural Telephone System (DRTS). Dit verslag bevat de dokumentatie van de tot nu toe gemaakte objecten en de defenitie van de nog te maken objecten. Eerst volgt een algemene inleiding in object georienteerd ontwerpen en een korte uitleg van de dokumentatiemethode.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:fa8ee260-49a2-49bf-9af6-6a3dec7cc183","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fa8ee260-49a2-49bf-9af6-6a3dec7cc183","Plaatsingscriteria voor een DGPS Referentiestation","Vos, M.","van Nee, R. (mentor); van Willigen, D. (mentor)","1993","Het Global Positioning System is een satellietnavigatiesysteem dat zowel voor civiel als militair gebruik bedoeld is. De nauwkeurigheid voor civiele gebruikers ligt rond de honderd meter. Deze geringe nauwkeurigheid is ontstaat doordat in opdracht van het Amerikaanse Ministerie van Defensie het civiele signaal wordt gestoord. Deze verstoring heet Selective Availability (SA). Voor bepaalde toepassingen, zoals een precisie-nadering van een landingsbaan in slecht weer met een Jumbo 747, is dit veel te laag. Vanuit deze behoefte is DGPS (Differential GPS) ontstaan. Bij GPS worden vier afstanden (ranges) van minimaal vier verschillende satellieten gemeten. Uit deze ranges wordt de positie berekend. Het principe van DGPS berust op het corrigeren van de fout in de ranges per satelliet. De grootte van de fout is te meten door op een nauwkeurig bekende positie met een referentiestation de rangefout per satelliet te meten. Deze rangefout kan dan overgezonden worden naar mobiele gebruikers in de omgeving. Deze correcties zijn tot ongeveer 300 km. rond het referentiestation bruikbaar…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:a126aa35-0ab5-461b-8a72-a629f6db0b04","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a126aa35-0ab5-461b-8a72-a629f6db0b04","Chain management and energy extensification: Literature survey","","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1993","Recently there has been considerable concern expressed about the crises in energy, resources, and pollution. Energy demands, resource limitations, and environmental pollution are closely linked, and chain management and energy extensification can make a contribution to the solution of all these problems. Factors influencing the feasibility of recycling are reviewed, and an apart discussion over the thermodynamics of recycling is given. In general, it is difficult to recycle from economic, transportation, and chemical points of view. Recycling tends to be considered only when other courses of action are obviously unsatisfactory, either because of a shortage of natural raw materials, or because of environmental considerations. The world fossil fuel reserves and current energy consumptions in various types and geographical sectors are reviewed. It is shown that, although the lives of the fossil fuels are limited, new finds still tend to increase these lives. The global greenhouse effect is discussed. The needs for ecologically-safe clean local environments make pollution prevention desirable. As most environmental pollution stems, directly or indirectly, from fossil fuel combustion, energy conservation is seen as priority area for attention. Furthermore, energy savings result in financial savings and also result in reduction in environmental pollution.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","","","",""
"uuid:ff181292-a047-485f-9462-2ec830b90476","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ff181292-a047-485f-9462-2ec830b90476","Hydrodynamische stabiliteitsbeschouwing van gefluïdiseerde bedden: Een vergelijking van literatuur","in 't Veld, P.J.","van den Bleek, C.M. (mentor); Verheijen, P.J.T. (mentor)","1993","In deze scriptie wordt een poging ondernomen de heden ten dage gevolgde weg ter bepaling van de stabiliteit van een gefluïdiseerd bed te achterhalen en inzichtelijk te maken. Bij deze beschouwing is gebruik gemaakt van een klassiek mechanisch model, geopperd door Anderson en Jackson (1967, 1968). Verder zijn er nog enige andere alternatieven aangekaart om tot een vergelijk te komen. Het uiteindelijk meest positieve model is dat van Anderson en Jackson, ondanks de tekortkomingen door de empirische aanvullingen aan de theoretische continuïteits- en bewegingsvergelijkingen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemische Procestechnologie","","","",""
"uuid:0a05107d-7112-4587-945c-de9628f8b7b5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0a05107d-7112-4587-945c-de9628f8b7b5","Reactive Distillation: A literature review of existing applications","Strijk, F.H.A.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1993","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:fd434318-dd8a-4eb5-8a7b-8ee2a50dd0f0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fd434318-dd8a-4eb5-8a7b-8ee2a50dd0f0","Gelijktijdige spraak- en dataoverdracht over een analoog telefoonkanaal","Voogt, D.A.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Bons, J.H. (mentor)","1993","Met behulp van een spraak-data systeem wordt het mogelijk spraak en data tegelijk over een normale telefoonlijn te verzenden. Naast een onderzoek naar verschillende mogelijkheden voor spraak-data systemen bevat dit rapport een overzicht van verschillende methoden om spraak te coderen en een overzicht van diverse multiplextechnieken.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:42d36d7a-cc22-4786-8fd6-87509454ede6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:42d36d7a-cc22-4786-8fd6-87509454ede6","An overview of equations of state for polar, associating and ionic mixtures: Literature thesis","Blindenbach, W.L.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); Peters, C.J. (mentor)","1993","In this literature thesis an overview of equations of state for polar, associating and ionic mixtures is given. Many of the cubic equations of state, like the Soave-Redlich-Kwong equation of state or the Peng-Robinson equation of state, are often used to describe the phase behaviour of mixtures containing polar, associating or ionic components. When using these equations of state for such mixtures, large errors are created and large temperature or composition dependent binary interaction parameters are needed. Better results are obtained when using an equation of state with specific terms to describe the polar, associating and ionic contribution. Only these equations of state, with specific terms for one of these non-idealities, are described and discussed in this overview. For polar mixtures most of the equations of state with a specific term to describe the anisotropic interactions are based on the PHCT. Of these equations of state, the PACT equation of state is the most well-known. Another familiar equation of state for polar mixtures, not based on the PHCT, is the BACK equation of state. For associating mixtures, three classes of theories have been developed specifically to treat hydrogen-bonding systems. The three theories (chemical, quasi-chemical and physical theory) result in different equations of state, which have the same functional form for both pure components and for mixtures. The most widely used equations of state for hydrogen-bonding mixtures are the APACT equation of state and the SAFT equation of state. For more complex calculations there is also the APACT-2 equation of state. When calculating the phase behaviour at low reduced densities the ESD equation of state is often used. Electrolytes are mostly described by an activity model and not by an equation of state. However, a few equations of state have been developed specially to treat binary liquid mixtures containing salts.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:3abc7aa6-c178-4a8f-a737-449bfdc199d9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3abc7aa6-c178-4a8f-a737-449bfdc199d9","Equations of state for polymer solutions: Literature review","Volmer, D.A.","de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1993","A literature search has been carried out to equations of state for polymer solutions. The equations of state have usually been based on the statistical mechanical approach of the partition function, which concept is discussed briefly. The main equation of state theories are presented in this script; cell models, fluid lattice models and combinations of them, for pure fluids and for mixtures. All theories mentioned do have the use of molecular parameters in common which, in most cases, are to be obtained from experimental PVT data. In literature, little attention has been paid to the application of equations of state at supercritical conditions. A summary of the literature found on this subject is given.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:6c98ce02-dc1b-4633-aee4-e9504a565533","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6c98ce02-dc1b-4633-aee4-e9504a565533","A Hardware Design of a JPEG Codec Interface as a Video Source for the ATM Multiplexer: Task report","Roeloffs, J.W.","Schoute, F. (mentor); Awater, G. (mentor)","1993","Broadband-ISDN is the network for the future. Since it is impossible to know exactly what kind of telecommunications services will be needed in the far future, it is necessary that B-ISDN be both flexible and capable in carrying large data capacities. The technique chosen for B-ISDN is ATM (Asynchronous Transfer Mode), which is another form of fast packet switching. In the TVS (Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems) Group an experimental ATM-switch is being built for switching different types of communication traffic such as video signals. This report describes a specific interface design (called a Cellizer) that was needed to translate the video signals coming from a video codec into a form that is compatible with the ATM-switch. A preliminary design of a Cellizer has been completed. The Cellizer transmitted data packages (within a software environment) without any measurable loss. A test in the real time environment was not possible at this stage. A faster and more complicated design of a Cellizer may be needed if the XILINX chips cannot handle clock frequencies near 27 MHz.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:666577f7-d405-4a01-8432-3d261b90b729","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:666577f7-d405-4a01-8432-3d261b90b729","Carrier suppression performance in a noisy signal environment","Sukdeo, R.K.","Prasad, R. (mentor); Janssen, G.J.M. (mentor)","1993","When two radio signals with a similar frequency spectrum are present, the signal with the highest power level will be received. This is called the capture effect. Research into the problem of how to receive both signals, resulted into the subproblem to determine with what performance a carrier, which is contaminated with additive white Gaussian noise, can be suppressed. This report contains the result of research carried out on suppression performance of a carrier signal contaminated with additive white Gaussian noise. The suppression performance technique is based on subtraction of the estimated carrier signal. Amplitude and phase estimates are determined using a phase locked loop (PLL) and amplitude locked loop (ALL) respectively. An expression is derived, which relates the carrier suppression performance to the amplitude and phase error variances of the estimated signal. With the linearized base band models of the PLL and the ALL the phase error variance and amplitude error variance are determined. Finally the required carrier suppression performance will be related to PLL and ALL design requirements.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:baf2b126-c017-471e-8f2d-cd5d3813bbc5","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:baf2b126-c017-471e-8f2d-cd5d3813bbc5","The study of laser-target interaction","Satyawan, Y.","Scarlett, B. (mentor); Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor); Verheijen, P.J.T. (mentor); Kievit, O. (mentor)","1993","The application of lasers in the volatilization and/or ionization of solid samples (in our case the aerosol particle) for their mass spectrometric analysis has many advantageous possibilities. This method offers high efficiency for volatilization and ionization. A second advantage of this method is that the amount of energy deposited into the sample by a laser pulse can easily be controlled, both temporally and spatially. The wide ranges of intensities available makes it possible to use lasers for the vaporization and ionization of involatile and thermally labile compounds. The idea is to deposit enough energy into the analyte to atomize and ionize a representative part of it and to achieve a plasma state which will endure for some period of time. Unfortunately there are so many physical and chemical phenomena which have not been understood scientifically in laser-target interaction, since the phenomena occur within a very small region and extremely short period. That is why it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding about which mechanisms play a role during laser-target interaction, since it can offer a better control of laser-target processing. This survey summarizes reports found in the literature, which attempt to improve understanding the phenomena which can play a key role in laser-target interaction. The Phenomena will be given in chapter 2. The founded theories will be handled in chapter 4 ,but we'll talk first about the theory from Armstrong [1984] in chapter 3, since he makes not only a model with the forming of plasma by laser, but also the further situation if there is no plasma forming. Jaartal geschat.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Process Technology","","","",""
"uuid:9454eb03-eece-48ba-bc61-d8a7e4a6b584","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9454eb03-eece-48ba-bc61-d8a7e4a6b584","Opbreekgedrag van thermoplastische polymeermengsels: Literatuur scriptie","Busser, R.J.","","1992","De toepasbaarheid van thermoplastische polymeren kan verbreed worden door een mengsel van deze polymeren te vervaardigen waardoor een materiaal onstaat met de gewenste mechanische eigenschappen voor een economisch gunstige prijs. Om thermodynamische redenen bestaan de meeste polymeermengsels uit een twee-fasen structuur waarvan de morfologie grote invloed heeft op de mechanische eigenschappen. Deze morfologie ontstaat tijdens de verwerking van het mengsel in vloeibare toestand waarbij in het algemeen van granulaat of poeder van de basispolymeren wordt uitgegaan. Tijdens het mengproces zullen de dimensies afnemen doordat grotere structuren opbreken in kleinere deeltjes. Veel factoren spelen een rol in dit proces waaronder de grensvlakspanning tussen de twee fasen. Deze literatuurscriptie zal handelen over de invloed van verschillende factoren en materiaaleigenschappen op het opbreekgedrag. Omdat de grensvlakspanning hierbij een grote rol speelt en deze materiaaleigenschap voor polymeren vaak moeilijk is te meten, zal ook besproken worden hoe via het volgen van het opbreekproces deze grensvlakspanning is te bepalen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:aff53cdc-33d4-4814-9e26-e3227473dacd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:aff53cdc-33d4-4814-9e26-e3227473dacd","Een efficiënte berekening van de multidimensionale binomiale verdeling","van de Vlag, H.A.B.","Schoute, F.C. (mentor); Awater, G.A. (mentor)","1992","Bij bet modelleren van ATM-verkeer met bebulp van AAN-UIT bronnen ontstaat een multidimensionale binomiale verdeling. Deze kansverdeling (of een deel ervan) moet berekend worden om bijvoorbeeld blokkeringskansen te bepalen. Als de verdeling ingewikkeld wordt, is een snel en nauwkeurig berekeningsalgoritme noodzakelijk, zeker als de bescbikbare berekeningstijd kort is, bijvoorbeeld bij monitoring van kanalen...","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:f412073a-1cf4-42a0-85be-232178bd5a1a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f412073a-1cf4-42a0-85be-232178bd5a1a","De rekentijd van verschillende transformatiemethoden voor lusdetectorsignalen","Veldkamp, W.J.H.","van Willigen, D. (mentor); Reijmers, J.J. (mentor)","1992","Vanwege de behoefte het steeds drukker wordende verkeer met electronische hulpmiddelen te begeleiden zijn ook in Nederland op een aantal wegen signaleringssystemen in gebruik genomen. Men hoopt zo de wegen efficiënter te kunnen gebruiken en de verkeersveiligheid te vergroten. Bij het laboratorium voor verkeersbegeleidingssystemen is in dat kader al geruime tijd een Automatisch Incident Detectie (AID) systeem in ontwikkeling, met drie meetpunten op rijksweg A13. De metingen worden verricht m.b.v. lusdetectoren. Als een voertuig een lus passeert dan wordt de zogenaamde handtekening, de verstemming van de lus, gemeten. Zo’n handtekening is karakteristiek voor een voertuig. Door nu een bepaalde transformatie op de handtekening uit te voeren, kan men met de verkregen resultaten voertuigen sneller trachten te herkennen. Als dat namelijk mogelijk is kan elk voertuig individueel gevolgd worden waardoor sneller en nauwkeuriger een incident gedetecteerd kan worden.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:5cd735da-c9e5-4ee8-90f5-79e11210b33d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:5cd735da-c9e5-4ee8-90f5-79e11210b33d","The modelling of phase equilibria of microemulsions: Application of the model proposed by Safran - A Literature Review","Smits, Peter Jan","de Loos, Th.W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1992","Several thermodynamic models have been developed for the description of the phase behaviour of micellar solutions. These micellar solutions or microemulsions are encountered in many chemical engineering applications and especially in the field of enhanced oil recovery where an aqueous surfactant solution is injected into an oil reservoir in order to form thermodynamically stable microemulsions. In these microemulsions the interfacial tensions between the oil/water/surfactant phases are very low and the displacement efficiency is increased significantly....","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","","","",""
"uuid:fdca928c-a9d2-4ace-9057-179c88eee782","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fdca928c-a9d2-4ace-9057-179c88eee782","Comparative study of hybrid direct sequence / slow frequency hopping, direct sequence and slow frequency hopping wireless communication systems with DPSK modulation in an indoor Rician fading environment for one resolvable path: Task report","Rooimans, R.G.A.","Vandendorpe, L. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor)","1992","A comparative study of direct sequence, slow frequency hopping and hybrid direct sequence/slow frequency hopping spread spectrum systems with DPSK modulation and diversity in an indoor wireless environment is presented in this report. Performances will be assessed by means of bit error probability and outage probability computation with the restriction of one resolvable path. The computation is done for a star-connected multiple access radio network. Furthermore, the influence of three types of forward error correction codes, namely the (7,4 Hamming code), the (15,7) BCH code and the (23,12) Golay code, on the performance is studied.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:e0763eae-6255-4d16-b7eb-0fc73a90f467","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e0763eae-6255-4d16-b7eb-0fc73a90f467","A wireless office communication system for constant and variable bandwidth demand traffic","van Vliet, E.J.M.","Prasad, R. (mentor); Nijhof, J.A.M. (mentor)","1992","This report discusses a detailed qualitative study of a Wireless Office Communication System. The system is built up of separate groups. Each group consists of a base station and two types of users, viz (i) one with constant bandwidth demand requirement and (ii) other with variable bandwidth demand requirement. A new proposed Circuit Reservation Multiple Access method is used to transport data over a group radio link. Communication between base stations of different groups is possible over a Distribute Queue Dual Bus backbone network.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic-Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:9d37dedf-c49d-4281-b316-30550f167849","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9d37dedf-c49d-4281-b316-30550f167849","Signature Verification applying Hidden Markov Models: Task report","Widjaja, B.K.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor); Yang, L. (mentor)","1992","In this investigation, Hidden Markov Models are applied to signature verification. The investigation includes optimizing HMM parameters for signatures and finding appropriate features for describing signatures. A signature verification system is proposed on the investigation with which a mean average error rate of 3.05% was achieved, contributed by a false acceptance rate of 2.07% and a false rejection rate of 4.03%.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:90481d1e-3f2e-482c-9b4d-71be89998481","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:90481d1e-3f2e-482c-9b4d-71be89998481","Een zerostuffing interpolatiemethode voor detectie van multipath bij GPS: Taakverslag","Weitzel, G.H.A.","van Willigen, D. (mentor); Coenen, A.J.R.M. (mentor)","1992","Er wordt een interpolatiemethode geïntroduceerd, die het mogelijk maakt in een zo vroeg mogelijk stadium multipath problemen bij GPS plaatsbepaling te detecteren en eventueel te corrigeren. Er wordt ingegaan op de interpolatiemethode zoals voorgesteld door Coenen en de Vos [1], die gebruik maakt van zerostuffing, en op de voorwaarde dat het signaaldeel periodiek moet zijn om de methode toe te kunnen passen. Vervolgens worden er twee technieken beschreven die fouten reduceren, wanneer het signaaldeel niet periodiek is.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:b24cba82-5037-4594-8262-984d0d16f20f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b24cba82-5037-4594-8262-984d0d16f20f","In-situ vezelvorming in thermoplast/LCP mengsels: Literatuur scriptie","Denys, K.F.J.","","1992","Deze literatuurscriptie gaat over thermoplast/LCP mengsels en in het bijzonder over hun gedrag t.a.v. vezelvorming. Een LCP kan immers bij juiste verwerking vezels vormen in een thermoplast en zodoende een versterking opleveren. Naast vezelvorming kan een verbetering van de verwerkbaarheid van de thermoplast ook een doel op zicb zijn daar inmengen van een LCP vaak een verlaging van de viscositeit tot gevolg heeft. Hoofdstuk 1 is een algemene inleiding op bet onderwerp van deze scriptie en beschrijft ondermeer enkele technieken waarmee men thermoplastische polymeren kan versterken. Hoofdstuk 2 gaat over de vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren (LCP's). Hierin wordt een omschrijving gegeven van bun molecuulstructuur, de ordening in de smelt en hun rheologiscb gedrag. Ook komen enkele specifieke eigenschappen en toepassingen aan bod. In hoofdstuk 3 wordt bet deformatie- en opbreekgedrag behandeld welke in combinatie met het relaxatiegedrag de morfologie van een (op segmentele schaal onmengbaar) polymeermengsel bepaald. Hierbij wordt met name aandacht geschonken aan factoren die de van invloed zijn op de vezelvorming in thermoplast/LCP mengsels. Hoofdstuk 4 bevat een overzicht van bet tot op heden verrichtte onderzoek aan specifieke tbermoplast/LCP mengsels. Mengsels van LCP met resp. PC, PS, PA, PET en PP komen hierbij uitgebreid aan bod. Een goede vezelmorfologie kan al bij lage concentraties LCP verkregen worden in PS. Als gevolg van een hoge grensvlakspanning kan het proces van deformeren en opbreken zich een aantal maal herhalen waardoor men lange, dunne vezels kan verkrijgen. Mengsels van LCP met resp. PC, PET en PA hebben waarschijnlijk een lagere grensvlakspanning met als gevolg dat vezelvorming moeilijker te bewerkstelligen is. Opbreken duurt immers langer en resulteert veelal in een stabilisatie van bet deformatieproces. Een vezelmorfologie kan meestal pas bij hogere LCP concentraties (boven de 20 gew. %) verkregen worden. De gevonden versterking van thermoplasten door mengen met lage concentraties aan LCP's blijkt over het algemeen niet spectaculair wanneer deze vergeleken wordt met de vaste vezelversterking. Dit is een gevolg van de over het algemeen lage mate van interactie tussen thermoplasten en LCP's. De lage mate van interactie lijkt vooral uitgesproken bij systemen met een hoge grensvlakspanning (PS en ook PES en PEEK) en kan resulteren in een grote brosheid. Het gebruik van compatibilizers of het toepassen van een overeenkomstige component in de LCP (bijv. mengsels van PET met HBA/PET) kan de mate van interactie tussen de fasen vergroten. Dit heeft echter als nadeel dat de grensvlakspanning verlaagd wordt waardoor de vezelvorming weer in het gedrang kan komen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:57371378-037d-4565-ba43-836a739e8123","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:57371378-037d-4565-ba43-836a739e8123","Critical flow models of one-and two-phase compressible fluids","Couwenberg, J.P.A.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); de Graauw, J. (mentor)","1992","In this essay the description of the critical flow of one- and two-phase (one component) mixtures through different types of flow ducts will be discussed. The essay is an introduction into a graduation project, at the Delft University of Technology, aiming to describe the flow phenomena and modelling of venting processes through pressure relief valves…","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Technology and Material Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Equilibria","",""
"uuid:fbf4c96d-45d9-4996-9e6a-c139899319ac","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:fbf4c96d-45d9-4996-9e6a-c139899319ac","The Physical Properties of Lactic Acid and Derivatives: A literature review","van Lieshout, G.P.","","1992","Lactic acid is an important chemical, used in food-technology, medicine and cosmetics. It’s 2-hydroxypropionic acid. This paper deals with the physical properties of lactic acid and it’s derivatives. There’s not much known about the physical properties of pure lactic acid, because lactic acid appears mainly in the form of aqueous solutions. When physical properties of these solutions have been estimated one should consider that lactic acid in solution undergoes intermolecular esterification spontaneously, resulting after some time in an equilibrium solution containing, lactic acid, lactoyllactic acid, poly lactic acid and a very little dilactide. When it’s not mentioned whether intermolecular esters are present in lactic acid solutions, physical properties of these solutions are not that reliable. Also physical properties of lactic with other solvents than water are considered, like distribution coefficients, ternary phase diagrams and critical solution temperatures. The optical activity of lactic acid doesn’t have any influence on the physical properties, except the melting point. Racemic lactic acid has a lower melting point than optical active lactic acid, 25-27°C and 52.7-52.8°C respectively. Also the physical properties of the intermolecular esters and some derivatives are described. Not much is known about these esters. More is known about some common esters of lactic acid, like alkyl lactates. The physical properties of alkali and ammonium lactates, salts of lactic acid, are mentioned shortly. Some short articles deal with spectra of lactic acid. Here ultraviolet, infrared and microwave spectra are briefly discussed. Most of the data presented were published more than 40 years ago, one article was even published in 1894. Unfortunately there aren’t any recent articles about physical properties of lactic acid and derivatives.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and of Materials Science","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","",""
"uuid:735e5db3-7738-4d77-8c53-6ba3f33ff6f9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:735e5db3-7738-4d77-8c53-6ba3f33ff6f9","Heat Capacity and Speed of Sound obtained from Equation of State based correlations: Literature review","Witmer, D.H.F.A.","","1992","In this work a number of publications have been reviewed concerning empirically developed equations of state. The scope of this survey was twofold : Collect available correlations for five compounds - nitrogen, - oxygen, - methane, - ethane, - ethylene. Determine the best correlation on the basis of experimental data of the isochoric- isobaric heat capacities and of the speed of sound. Only the thermodynamic properties in the single phase region are considered. The discrimination between the different correlations is done graphically as well as numerically. Advised correlations to be used for prediction of thermodynamic properties are summarized as follows; given are the compound, the equation and in some cases the valid ppT region: - Nitrogen - Jacobsen et al. (1986) 9 - Oxygen - The Cv can be predicted best by Wagner et al (1987)78, the speed of sound can be predicted best by Sychev et al. (1981)78 - Methane - Setzmann et al ( 1991)109 - Ethane - no preference is found, both Sytchev et al. (1982)140 and Younglove et al. (1987)106 are valid. - Ethylene - the Cv can be predicted best by Younglove (1982)7, the speed of sound can be predicted best by Jacobsen et al. (1988)165. These results are based on a sample of experimental data. There is a possibility that some correlations achieve better results in certain regions as yet seen in this work.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:12d6ae0b-e8f2-42bd-b5d2-8dee629ef5d4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:12d6ae0b-e8f2-42bd-b5d2-8dee629ef5d4","Phase Behaviour of the Binary System C02-Phenantrene","Ventola, N.","Shaw, J.M. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1992","The binary system C02-Penantrene has been investigated, in order to improve knowledge on the behaviour of reservoir fluids when C02 is injected. The system is likely to belong to ""typeIII"", according to Van Konyenburg and Scott (1980), when a large difference in terms of temperature between the triple point of the heavy component and the critical point of the light one occurs…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:0863bc10-8d05-43e7-a1d1-d883178d511f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0863bc10-8d05-43e7-a1d1-d883178d511f","FFT-operatie vervangt Costas-lus in een GPS-ontvanger","Van Staalduinen, K.J.","Van Willigen, D. (mentor); Coenen, A.J.R.M. (mentor)","1992","Van het ontvangen GPS-signaal moet na translatie naar een lagere draaggolffrequentie en despreading de draaggolffrequentie, waarin een onbekende Dopplerverschuiving, worden bepaald. In dit verslag wordt aangegeven hoe met behulp van een FFT-operatie deze draaggolffrequentie bepaald kan worden. Vervolgens wordt besproken aan welke voorwaarden de FFT-operatie hiertoe moet voldoen.","GPS-ontvanger; FFT; frequentiedetector","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:3ce4a063-b7c1-4582-b79a-1796d346c2ff","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3ce4a063-b7c1-4582-b79a-1796d346c2ff","Doppler spectrum bepaling in een GPS ontvanger met behulp van de FFT in het kader van multipath onderzoek: Taakverslag","Roeleveld, B.M.A.","van Willigen, D. (mentor); Coenen, A.J.R.M. (mentor)","1992","Een introductie wordt gegeven van het GPS-systeem en van de Fourier Transformatie. De problemen die zich voordoen bij de Costas loop worden besproken en er is onderzocht hoe een FFT de Dopplerfrequentie van een GPS-signaal kan bepalen. Door eerst te testen of er in het signaal een datasprong is opgetreden, kan daarna op het juiste moment het frequentiespectrum gemeten worden.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:c76f0f01-903c-4b14-8f53-e6a637433e03","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c76f0f01-903c-4b14-8f53-e6a637433e03","Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model: Several Perspectives of the Telecommunication and Computer Worlds","Lasso Pena, J.M.","Arnbak, J. (mentor); De Jong, C. (mentor)","1992","The OSI Reference Model was a joint effort of the Telecommunication and Computer worlds to solve the problem of systems interconnection and standards development. Both worlds have their own history and development and therefore their approach to the OSI/RM differs according to their technical background and economical/political interests. The Telecommunication world has been traditionally concerned with the lower three layers of the OSI Model which refers to data transmission and subnetwork issues. They view the OSI/RM based in the recommendation X.25 and ISDN, thus their OSI perspective is: Physical to Network are the lower layers and Transport to Application are the upper layers. The Computer world on the other hand has been involved with users equipment and application matters which allude to the upper OSI layers. Their objective is subnetwork independence and therefore they consider the Physical to Transport as the lower layers and the Session to the Application as the higher layers. The two worlds also have their own perspective for the communication users. These perspectives are based in the services the user can get. For example, layer 1: leased lines, layers 1 to 2: LANs and Frame Relay, layers 1 to 3: X.25 based PSDNs and layers 1 to 7: ISDN teleservices, X.400 MHS, X.500 Directory Support, FTAM, etc. From all these perspectives, it is necessary to have a common perspective to specify the responsibility areas of all the participants in the development of the telematic services. This common perspective is obtained by viewing the OSI Model for what it was meant: systems interconnection. Considering the subnetwork as the most important system in the interconnection problem, an OSI perspective is chosen that reflects this major subnetwork role and determines the ""boundary of responsibility"" with it. This perspective is comparable to the one of the Telecommunication world, but with the inclusion of the subnetwork in it. Finally, it is the State’s responsibility of preserving and developing the public telecommunication infrastructure, with the absolute authority to set the subnetwork standards and with the right to designate the exploitant/administrator of the public subnetwork.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:d03a0a17-57c8-4e9f-a46d-5bc23498b989","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d03a0a17-57c8-4e9f-a46d-5bc23498b989","Graphic displays in small aircraft: A proof of concept using a low-cost air-data computer","Wienke, E.G.","van Willigen, D. (mentor); Nieuwkerk, L.R. (mentor)","1992","In order to provide a higher degree of safety and a decrease of the workload of the pilot in modern aircraft an air data computer is used to calculate the necessary flight parameters from the sensor inputs. These parameters are then displayed on a graphics display (EFIS, Electronic Flight Instrument System) in an integrated and clear manner. Unfortunately these air data computers and graphic displays are not used in small aircraft due to the high costs involved. Nowadays new fast signal processing chips and graphic displays are available which are relative low-cost and, therefore, are possible candidates for performing the task of the air data computer and graphic display in small aircraft. Demonstrated is in this report that an ordinary personal computer, used as air data computer, is capable of calculating the necessary parameters and driving a graphics display. As an air data computer is used a 80386/387 as host and a TIGA-card (Texas Instruments Graphics Architecture) as display driver for a 1024x768 16 colour display. A primary flight display (PFD) and a navigation display (ND) are developed together with the necessary software to calculate the parameters for the displays. The program run-times were measured and turned out to be sufficiently low so an acceptable update-rate could be obtained. The update-rate for the PFD is: 869 Hz & the update-rate for the ND is: 22 Hz. Excluded from these update-rates is the time consumed by the processor for building the display. In a real aircraft this would be done by a separate processor in order to obtain a program independent update-rate.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:0bf5693a-f541-49b7-946d-35b2d0c88f5f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:0bf5693a-f541-49b7-946d-35b2d0c88f5f","Solubility of glycidyl butyrate in supercritical carbon dioxide","Schleicher, S.","Shen, X.M. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1992","Thermodynamics plays an important role in developing and optimizing chemical processes. Information about the phase equilibria behaviour of pure compounds and of mixtures helps to make chemical production possible and economical. The application of supercritical fluids as solvents is a very attractive new technology...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied and Technical Chemistry","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","",""
"uuid:e7c95612-9240-4661-afdd-13a0c5109b44","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e7c95612-9240-4661-afdd-13a0c5109b44","The synthesis of Si3N4 using a laser-heated reactor","Oostra, W.","Kruis, F.E. (mentor); Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor); Scarlett, B. (mentor)","1992","It was proved that in the newly developed reactor it is possible to produce Si and Si3N4 powders. The yield varied between 0.2 and 2 g. In 1 hour the theoretical yield (100 % SiH4 conversion, 100 sccm) is 13.7 g Si3N4. It could not be determined whether this low yield was due to low SiH4 conversion or to a low Electrostatic precipitator efficiency. The produced powders were analysed by means of TEM-photography, BET-surface determination and a N-content determination…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Particle Technology","","","",""
"uuid:de02fda1-723f-494a-ad3a-312336d61709","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:de02fda1-723f-494a-ad3a-312336d61709","The Effect Of Error Correcting Coding On Indoor Wireless Communications Systems In The 20 - 60 GHz Region","Bout, B.J.; Schouten, W.A.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor)","1992","As a follow-up of the literature study ’An Overview Of Indoor Wireless Communications Systems In Ilie 20 - 60 GHz Region’, published by B.J. Bout jand W.A. Schouten in December 1992, a further study has been performed to investigate the effect of Forward Error Correcting Coding on Indoor Wireless Communications Systems. This has been done by calculating the average fade- and non-fade duration as a function of the frequency and the Signal To Noise ratio. These results are conveyed to a Bit Error Probability. After that, the same calculations are done for the same channel, but with Forward Error Correcting Coding.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:ba579016-77e7-4e2e-bb79-7501d823f8ea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ba579016-77e7-4e2e-bb79-7501d823f8ea","Exergie-analyse van chemische processen","Stougie, L.","","1992","Voor veel chemische produkten ziJn verschillende processen en procesroutes bekend. Als onderdeel van het project grondstoffengebruik van INTERDUCT worden hiervoor nieuwe beoordelingsmethodes ontwikkeld. Als voorbereiding op de afstudeeropdracht, waarin de (on)mogelijkheden van exergie-analyse voor chemische processen aan de hand van het ICI lage-druk methanolproces en het nieuwe Leading Concept Methanolproces onderzocht worden, worden in deze scriptie achtergronden van exergie-analyse en beide methanolprocessen beschreven. Het begrip exergie is gebaseerd op de eerste en tweede hoofdwet van de thermodynamica en is de kwaliteit van energie, namelijk het arbeidsvermogen van een stroom ten opzichte van een referentie-omgeving. Met exergie-analyse wordt aangetoond waar in een proces exergieverliezen zijn en dus waar verbeteringen gewenst zijn. Behalve voor het optimaliseren van de warmtehuishouding van fabrieken kan exergie-analyse ook gebruikt worden voor het beoordelen· van de chemie achter een proces. In principe kan uit een verandering in exergie het bijbehorende exergieverlies berekend worden, zodat de referentie-omgeving geen rol speelt. Wanneer echter exergieefficiënties van bijvoorbeeld apparaten bepaald worden, worden wel de absolute exergiewaarden t.o.v. de referentie-omgeving gebruikt. Het is interessant te onderzoeken hoe ver men met exergieanalyse in detail moet treden om aan te kunnen tonen waar grote exergieverliezen in processen zijn en om processen te kunnen vergelijken. Het grootste verschil tussen de methanolprocessen is de reformersectie; bij het conventionele proces wordt gebruik gemaakt van een fornuis, terwijl bij het nieuwe proces de reforming autotherm gebeurt. De warmte benodigd voor de endotherme primaire reformerreacties wordt hierbij geleverd door partiële oxidatie van het primair gereformde synthesegas.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie","","","",""
"uuid:654516eb-3f27-49a9-ae57-e5250205d7ec","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:654516eb-3f27-49a9-ae57-e5250205d7ec","Diffusie door polyamide membranen: Literatuur scriptie","Gaanderse, S.","","1992","Een microcapsule is een deeltje bestaande uit kernmateriaal met daar omheen een uit polymeer bestaande wand. Dit kernmateriaal kan een gas, een vloeistof of een vaste stof zijn. Microcapsules hebben afmetingen van 1 tot 1000 µm. De functie van de microcapsules is dat het kernmateriaal fijn verdeeld kan worden en dat door de wand het kernmateriaal kan vrijkomen wanneer dat nodig is. Dit kan geleidelijk of momentaan gebeuren. Tijdens microёncapsulatie wordt het te encapsuleren materiaal, het kernmateriaal, fijn verdeeld waarna het wandmateriaal erop neerslaat. Dit kan op twee manieren plaatsvinden. De eerste is het wandmateriaal vanuit de omgeving of vanuit de kern zelf op de kern laten neerslaan. Bij de tweede methode vindt de polymerisatie op de kern plaats. Hierbij reageren de monomeren op het grensvlak van de kern met de omgeving. Tot de laatste methode behoort de bereiding van polyamide microcapsules door grensvlak polycondensatie. Dit is het polymerisatieproces van twee complementaire monomeren, elk oplosbaar in een fase van een niet mengbaar twee fasen systeem. Omdat de microcapsules gebruikt worden voor de afgifte van kernmateriaal door diffusie naar de omgeving en omdat tijdens de produktie van microcapsules door grensvlak polycondensatie de diffusie van een van de reactanten door het membraan de snelheidsbepalende stap is, is het van belang te begrijpen welke factoren de diffusie door membranen beïnvloeden. In deze literatuurscriptie is weergegeven welke aspecten de diffusie door polyamide membranen van microcapsules beïnvloeden. Hierbij is buiten beschouwing gelaten hoe de aspecten beïnvloed worden door de produktiemethode van de capsules. In de literatuur worden verschillende diffusiemechanismen gegeven: Fickse-, Case II- en onregelmatige diffusie. Fickse diffusie wordt gecontroleerd door diffusie en Case II door relaxatie. De onregelmatige diffusie is een tussenvorm van de twee voorgaande. Bij de diffusievergelijking voor electrolyten komt er naast de concentratiegradiënt een extra drijvende kracht bij, de potentiaalgradiënt. Voor de diffusie door het membraan van microcapsules zijn veel verschillende modellen opgesteld. Allemaal gebaseerd op de wet van Fick. Ook voor de diffusie van electrolyten wordt uitgegaan van de eerste wet van Fick en niet de Nernst-Planck vergelijking die opgesteld is voor de diffusie van electrolyten. De diffusie door een membraan blijkt door drie aspecten beïnvloed te worden --- door de structuur van het membraan: de vorm en grootte van de poriën, de verhouding tussen de straal van de poriën en de deeltjes, de porositeit, kristalliniteit, crosslinken, de mate van zwellen en de ketensoort van het membraan; door de optredende interacties tussen het membraan: het oplosmiddel en de opgeloste stof veroorzaakt door aanwezige ladingen, gebonden water in het matig hydrofiele membraan en eventueel optredende reacties en door de grensvlaklagen bij het binnendringen of verlaten van het membraan: met name van belang bij weinig bewegende vloeistoffen en hoge viscositeit.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:dd4dcf55-a45b-4ea9-a6c8-f4d5ca1d2b55","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dd4dcf55-a45b-4ea9-a6c8-f4d5ca1d2b55","Stijfheid en sterkte van composieten","van Maanen, A.A.","","1992","Om de stijfheid en sterkte van deeltjesgevulde composieten te kunnen verbeteren is het noodzakelijk om inzicht te hebben in de variabelen en fenomenen die deze eigenschappen beïnvloeden. Daarom worden er in deze literatuurscriptie een aantal modellen naast elkaar gezet. De klassieke relaties geven een ruwe benadering van het verloop van de mechanische eigenschappen maar negeren een aantal verschijnselen. Het mesofase model geeft een bruikbare voorspelling van de moduli van composieten door een tussenlaag te definiëren die zelf een bepaalde stijfheid heeft. Het interactie model onderzoekt de invloed van het specifieke oppervlak van de vulstof, de adhesiekracht tussen de fasen en de mate van agglomeratie van de deeltjes. Deze invloeden worden gekwantificeerd in een experimentele parameter. De adhesie tussen de fasen wordt gekarakteriseerd door de grensvlakenergieën en de zuur/base eigenschappen van de componenten. Tenslotte wordt besproken op welke manier coupling agents de eigenschappen van composieten kunnen veranderen. Er wordt geconcludeerd dat zij voor een grotere stijfheid een tussenlaag moeten induceren die stijver is dan de vulstof en voor een grotere sterkte de adhesie of de dispersiegraad moeten doen toenemen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie van makromolekulaire stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:701ab684-d4ca-4bae-8116-806107890295","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:701ab684-d4ca-4bae-8116-806107890295","Real-time Multi-ring Differential Chain Coding","Verboven, R.J.J.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor); Bons, J.H. (mentor)","1991","For the encoding of line drawing graphics for transmission and storage, chain coding has proven to be an effective scheme. This coding technique, introduced by H. Freeman, is based upon a vector representation of the drawing. This technique has been further examined at Delft University of Technology, where new types of chain coding have been developed, known as Differential Chain Coding (DCC) and Multi-ring Differential Chain Coding (MRDCC). An investigation for real-time application of MRDCC, which is called RT-MRDCC, is done. The performance results presented, establish RT-MRDCC as an efficient alternative for the encoding of line drawing.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:619f8e53-9088-4599-91b1-62ad6d3db19c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:619f8e53-9088-4599-91b1-62ad6d3db19c","De invloed van een toenemende conversie en van het reaktortype op de polymerisatie","Mekkelholt, W.T.G.","","1991","Deze scriptie is geschreven voor het keuzevak Polymeerkunde II in het kader van de studie Scheikundige Technologie aan de Technische Universiteit te Delft. Het doel van deze scriptie is het beschrijven van de invloed van de toenemende omzettingsgraad op de reaktiesnelheid van een radikaalpolymerisatie en van de invloed van het reaktortype op de polymerisatie. Bij toenemende omzettingsgraad neemt de polymerisatiesnelheid niet meer lineair af met de monomeerconcentratie, maar de snelheid neemt eerst toe tot een maximum en daalt vervolgens snel tot nul. Dit wordt het Trommsdorff-effekt genoemd. Om dit te beschrijven zijn modellen ontwikkeld. Dit is het onderwerp van hoofdstuk 1. De molmassaverdeling van een reaktie is afhankelijk van het reaktietype en de omzettingsgraad, maar ook van het reaktortype waarin de polymerisatie plaatsvindt. De volgende drie reaktoren zijn beschreven: de batchreaktor, de kontinu geroerde tankreaktor en de buisreaktor. De invloed van het reaktortype is bekeken voor drie reaktietypes: radikaalpolymerisatie, ionische polymerisatie zonder terminatie en polykondensatie. Dit wordt behandeld in hoofdstuk 2.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:3f51c5a6-baf0-444e-95e8-27d28e0f802b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:3f51c5a6-baf0-444e-95e8-27d28e0f802b","Influence of material properties on deposition of fibers in the lung","Stoelinga, Mark","Scarlett, B. (mentor); Bibo, H. (mentor); Marijnissen, J. (mentor); l..emkowitz, S. (mentor); van Drunen, M. (mentor)","1991","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Process Technology","","Particle Technology and Risk Management","",""
"uuid:b47a444a-7512-45cd-945c-4a7e448077e0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b47a444a-7512-45cd-945c-4a7e448077e0","Possible techniques for particle size analysis in a SiH4-NH3 flame","Oostra, W.","Scarlett, B. (mentor); Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor); Kruis, F.E. (mentor)","1991","Recent interest in high temperature structural ceramics has led to the development of chemical vapour phase techniques for the formation of a variety of high quality ceramic powders. Silicon nitride, Si3N4, is one of the most promising materials of these structural ceramics, because of its high temperature strength, thermal shock resistance and corrosion resistance. Si3N4 powders have been prepared by several techniques such as direct nitridation of silicon, decomposition of silicon diimide and vapour phase synthesis. Although, relatively small particles can be produced by using vapour phase synthesis initiated by convective heat [Lit.1], smaller and less agglomerated powders have been prepared using a sophisticated technique, Laser-Chemical Vapour phase Precipitation (L-CVP), developed by Haggerty and Danforth [Lit.2]. Characteristic of this laser-driven gas phase process is a well defined reaction zone which should facilitate a considerable degree of control over composition, size and size distribution of the produced powders. This report gives the results of a literature study performed to investigate the possible techniques for particle size analyses in this reaction zone. The aim of this research is to get a better understanding of the processes taking place in this zone. This particle size analysis is to be performed in a flame of SiH4 and NH3 which is used in the production of Si3N4. The ideal technique measures a particle size distribution in-situ, in the submicron range, is cheap, easy to handle, fast and does not influence our process. The second chapter handles on techniques which use a form of light to determine the psd and are non-intrusive. The third chapter deals with techniques which require sampling, and some possible ways of sampling are reported. Chapter 4 deals with techniques which do not belong to the first two groups. Since thermophoresis can become an important phenomenon in our setup the last chapter deals with this phenomenon.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Process Technology","","Particle technology and Risk management","",""
"uuid:195f5fc8-41af-4ebe-ab80-f21219cfee02","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:195f5fc8-41af-4ebe-ab80-f21219cfee02","The granular bed filter as a model of the lower parts of the human lung: Literature study","van der Put, S.","Bibo, B.H. (mentor); Scarlett, B. (mentor); Lemkowitz, S.M. (mentor); Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor); Stoop, H.C. (mentor)","1991","In this paper, the fiber deposition in the lower parts of the lung (8-23rd generation of Weibel) during inspiration is compared with the deposition of fibers in a granular bed filter with similar dimensions and equal air flow rate. It is found that very little experimental and theoretical research has been done on deposition of fibers in the deeper parts of the human lung. The model of Harris and Fraser (1976) is the only model that predicts regional deposition as a function of breathing conditions and fiber dimensions. This model however, has many shortcomings. Literature on fiber deposition in granular bed filters is scanty as well. For that reason the model of Boulaud (1991) for deposition of spherical aerosol particles in a granular bed filter has been modified in this paper to make a rough estimate of fiber deposition in this type of filters. Geometry of the lung, fluid dynamics and deposition probabilities have been compared in both systems with the help of the model of Harris and Fraser and the model of Boulaud. It is succeeded to translate the Weibel model for geometry of the human lung into a trumpet-like granular bed filter with varying granule size in which the dimensions of the air spaces and the air velocity in a layer are similar to those in an airway generation. As shape and dimensions of the voids in the granular bed filter differ from those in the respiratory system, differences in air flow patterns between both systems will exist, that will have their effect on deposition. Efficiencies depend on the same dimensionless numbers in both systems. Investigations in a granular bed filter will be useful to find out relationships between fiber dimensions and orientation, air velocity, residence time and geometrical dimensions of the air spaces on one hand and fiber deposition on the other hand. Results obtained with granular bed filters can be applicable to the deeper parts of the human lung when differences in geometry of the airspaces and in velocity patterns are accounted for. Further experimental and theoretical research is needed to improve and validate the model for fiber deposition in a granular bed filter derived in this paper, to make a more detailed comparison of geometry of the airspaces and velocity profiles in both systems and to improve the deposition model of Harris and Fraser.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemical Engineering and Materials Science","","Particle Technology","",""
"uuid:d6a17cd1-53be-4076-a1b8-de650c113bea","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:d6a17cd1-53be-4076-a1b8-de650c113bea","An overview of Indoor- and Microcellular Propagation Measurements","Stigter, P.A.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor)","1991","This report presents an overview of propagation measurements in an indoor and a microcellular environment based on recent publiced and reported results. The main reason for carrying out this study is to decide what parameters should be measured during planned propagation measurements at The Physics and Electronics Laboratory of TNO in the joint project between the Dutch Organization for Applied Sientific Research (TNO) and the Delft Technical University (TU Delft). The measurements will be done at the TNO Physics and Electronics Laboratory (TNO-FEL) at three frequencies, namely 2.4 GHz, 4.75 GHz and 11.5 GHz.","Propagation Measurements; Radiocommunication; Indoor Wireless Communications,","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:b0d0ce0d-9851-43b9-aea9-ea8b6379038a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b0d0ce0d-9851-43b9-aea9-ea8b6379038a","Richten van VECTRA","Prihandoko, B.; Molenaar, D.J.","Beekmans, F. (mentor)","1991","Dit praktikum is uitgevoerd in Materiaalkundig Praktikum materiaalkundestudenten. het kader van het voor derdejaars De doelstelling van dit praktikum is de kennismaking met fundamenteel materiaa1onderzoek. Dit is gedaan door onderzoek te doen naar de mogelijkheid om van het materiaal VECTRA de ketens te richten. VECTRA is een zogeheten thermotroop L.C.P., Liquid Crystal Polymer, een vloeibaar kristallijn polymeer. LCP’s hebben een aantal bijzondere eigenschappen: - In vloeibare fase is een korteafstandsordening aanwezig als in een kristal;-Goede mechanische eigenschappen, Vooral in de ketenrichting is de breeksterkte groot; -Het LCP kan in elke gewenste vormspuit gegoten worden. Dit in tegenstelling tot een materiaal als kevlar wat heel moeilijk verwerkbaar is…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:62110445-19b3-4630-ab7f-edfb85dbe707","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:62110445-19b3-4630-ab7f-edfb85dbe707","Analyse van de veronderstellingen die gedaan worden bij de viscositeitsbepaling van polymeren met behulp van een capillair rheometer: Literatuur scriptie","Lafleur, M.","van Dam, J. (mentor)","1991","Dit literatuuronderzoek handelt over de capillair rheometer als meetinstrument voor de viscositeit. In het bijzonder wordt ingegaan op de veronderstellingen die in de literatuur worden gedaan om de viscositeit te kunnen bepalen. Deze aannames blijken niet altijd terecht te zijn. Het principe van deze viscositeitsmeting berust op het onderwerpen van polymeren aan een afschuifstroming in een cilindrisch kanaal (capillair). Om relaties te kunnen afleiden voor het stromingsgedrag in dit kanaal is, omtrent het polymeer en de stroming, een aantal veronderstellingen noodzakelijk. Uit de literatuur blijkt dat deze vaak onterecht zijn…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:a48a3108-b400-4f76-8144-0355d3f01449","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a48a3108-b400-4f76-8144-0355d3f01449","’Carrier Sense Multiple Access’-simulatie: Beschrijving en ontwikkeling van een programma","Setyowati, A.E.","Nijhof, J.A.M. (mentor)","1991","Om meer inzicht te bieden in de eigenschappen van het CSMA-protocol zijn een tweetal simulatiprogramma’s ontwikkeld. Het eerste programma laat grafisch een ’real time’ simulatie zien van de werking van het CSMA-protocol. Gedurende de simulatie kunnen diverse parameters veranderd worden om hun invloed zichtbaar te maken. Het tweede programma doet een statistische simulatie en bepaald daarmee de relatie tussen aangeboden verkeer en delay en tussen aangeboden verkeer en throughput","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:9499b9f5-fa1b-4758-82a0-f7a38230af1d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:9499b9f5-fa1b-4758-82a0-f7a38230af1d","Specificatie en simulatie van het V.42-A protocol in SDL","Swart, B.A.","Venemans, P.H. (mentor)","1991","In this project a specification was made in SDL from the protocol V.42-A that is used by modems. This protocol specifies the error-correcting procedures to be followed by DCEs using asynchronous-to-synchronous conversion and v.v. First the protocol has been split into functional parts, so a block structure could be made in SDL. After that, the blocks have been split and all parts of the protocol have been specified. Then this SDL-specification has been input into the TU Delft SDL/PR Compiler. This compiler put some restrictions on the specification and the specification had to be modified. After that, some tests have been done to test the functional behaviour of the specification. On the functional level the specification satisfied the CCITT Recommendation except that the effects of break signals could not be simulated optimally due to the lack of possibility to generate priority signals. The specification could be extended in the future with a buffer at the userinterface to store data from quicker data streams and to simulate a break correctly. Regarding this compiler, I would recommend the use of the channels and signalroutes specified in SDL.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:c5e5fb6c-529b-4e0a-80d9-3d1c2641a066","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5e5fb6c-529b-4e0a-80d9-3d1c2641a066","Suspensiestabilisatie - Toegepast op het suspensiepolymerisatieproces: Literatuur scriptie","Rutgers, R.P.G.","","1991","Deze scriptie behandelt de problematiek van suspensiestabilisatie bij suspensiepolymerisatie. Bij suspensiepolymerisatie wordt er uitgegaan van een turbulentiegestabiliseerde staat van monomeerdruppels in water. De polymerisatie vindt uitsluitend in de monomeerdruppels plaats. Voor succesvolle polymerisatie is het noodzakelijk dat er geen versmelten, opbreken of uitzakken van de monomeerdruppels plaatsvindt. Er wordt ingegaan op de beschrijving van dit stabiele regime. Er wordt een serie vergelijkingen verkregen die het mogelijk maakt de diameter van het polymerisatieprodukt als functie van de procescondities uit te drukken. Noodzakelijk voor het bestaan van een voldoende groot stabiel gebied is de toevoeging van hulpstoffen, die coalescentie van de druppels verhinderen. Hiervoor worden enerzijds wateroplosbare polymeren gebruikt en anderzijds anorganische colloïdale deeltjes. De mechanismen die ten grondslag liggen aan de stabiliserende werking van beide afzonderlijke systemen worden beschreven. Bij stabilisatie door aan het druppeloppervlak geadsorbeerde polymeren levert een dunne polymeerlaag de beste sterische stabilisatie. De hierbij mogelijke coalescentie door de aanwezigheid van een secundair minimum in de interactie-energie tussen de botsende deeltjes is van reversibele aard en wordt door traagheidskrachten en afschuifkrachten ongedaan gemaakt in het turbulentiegestabiliseerde systeem. Stabilisatie door anorganische deeltjes is ook een vorm van sterische stabilisatie. De anorganische deeltjes adsorberen aan het druppeloppervlak ten gevolge van de grensvlakspanningen. Afstemmen van de grensvlakspanningen zodanig dat een optimale kontakthoek wordt bereikt is mogelijk door toevoeging van oppervlakte-actieve stoffen. De invloed van de aard en hoeveelheid van deze stoffen op de suspensiestabiliteit wordt beschreven. Stabilisatie met behulp van anorganische deeltjes levert het voordeel van eenvoudige verwijdering van de hulpstof door middel van aanzuren na de polymerisatie alsmede het voordeel van relatief simpele optimalisatie van de stabilisatorwerking in vergelijking met het stabilisatorsysteem op basis van wateroplosbare polymeren.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:1fa64dec-53cf-4f65-83b6-3a16da3a6085","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1fa64dec-53cf-4f65-83b6-3a16da3a6085","Kostenberekening en Interactiviteit in ITORA","Vons, A.P.; Hoekstra, A.J.","Westerveld, J.R. (mentor)","1991","Het Pascal-programma ITORA is een hulpmiddel bij de planning en kostenberekening van telefoonnetwerken in rurale gebieden. Na een algemene inleiding in ITORA en de specifieke problemen van rurale telefonie wordt beschreven welke aanpassingen en verbeteringen nodig waren om tot een handzamer programma te komen. Vervolgens wordt de kern van onze taak namelijk de bepaling van de kostprijs van een geoptimaliseerd netwerk behandeld.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:8faf1d50-a032-4b0b-aaf2-c72baa53bd97","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8faf1d50-a032-4b0b-aaf2-c72baa53bd97","Refinement of the DRTS exchange and a PCM generator for operational use: Laboratory Assignment Report","van Roosmalen, H.R.R.","Westerveld, J.R. (mentor)","1991","The Delft Rural Telephone System project is aimed at developing an affordable digital telephone system for use in low subscriber density areas, most commonly found in third world countries. For this project a PCM generator and a digital telephone node were developed. The PCM generator generates a 30 channel first order PCM multiplex, both in TI L and HDB3 format. Two analog I/O channels and a test channel are available to the user. The telephone node had not previously been tested. In order to be able to test the node, several modifications were necessary to make the PCM generator and node work together. These modifications are described in this report. Besides these modifications, a control program was also developed for the node. With this program it is possible to initialize, control and monitor the node. The design and use of the program is described. The node and generator are now both operational, but it is advisable to rebuild them. Several improvements should be made. The node should be based on a more advanced memory time switch and its construction should be improved. The generator is just about ready for production with printed circuit boards after a few minor points are solved.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic-Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:46027d01-96d7-4c32-9bf7-c856643b745f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:46027d01-96d7-4c32-9bf7-c856643b745f","Een inleiding tot polymer dispersed liquid crystal-films: Literatuur scriptie","de Wit, E.","van Turnhout, J. (mentor)","1991","Beeldschermen in draagbare computers moeten licht, dun en niet te kwetsbaar zijn. Omdat lcd's (Liquid Crystal Displays; u kunt ze vinden in kwartshologes) kwetsbaar en te klein bleken, werd naar een alternatief gezocht. Een goed alternatief lijkt het gebruik van PDLC-films (Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal Films). Dit zijn polymeerfilms met daarin gedispergeerd vloeibaar-kristallijnmateriaal…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:92e8a78d-a3c9-4271-82bd-d09abcac45c0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:92e8a78d-a3c9-4271-82bd-d09abcac45c0","Clustering in dilute near-critical solutions: A structural approach","Janse, A.M.C.","Peters, C.J. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1991","Infinite dilute near-critical solutions show, while approaching the critical point of the solvent, unusual behaviour. On a macroscopic level, this behaviour is characterized by the divergence of the isothermal compressibility and the partial molar volume of the solute. On a microscopic scale, the molecular structure of the solution changes. The density of the molecules in the first solvent shells surrounding a solute molecule increases. Using the Kirkwood-Buff theory, it is possible to derive a classification scheme for the clustering process. Depending on the sign of the diverging solute partial molar volume and the cluster size, a solution can show three different forms of clustering behaviour: attractive, weakly attractive and repulsive clustering. Applying the simplified perturbed hard chain theory, the regions of the three different kinds of clustering have been calculated as a function of temperature and density and molecular parameters as the chain length, segment diameter, segmental interaction energy and the molecular complexity. Radial distribution functions relate the diverging macroscopic quantities to the molecular structure. Calculation of these correlation functions with the method of Labik or Baxter, gives a good picture of what is actually happening in the structure of the solvent shells around a solute molecule. Getting closer to the critical point of the solvent, both the short-ranged and the long-ranged interactions grow, but the latter much more than the former. The short-ranged interactions determine the type of clustering but are not responsible for the divergence of the mentioned macroscopic properties. The long-ranged interactions are responsible for the build up of solvent shells around a solute molecule, in excess of the bulk density. The first few solvent shells do not play any role with respect to the final size of the cluster. The direct correlation function integral at infinite dilution, used in the clustering classification scheme, seemed to be not a good quantity to classify phase behaviour, because of it's dependency on temperature and density and the fact that the integral is calculated under infinite dilution conditions.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied and Technical Chemistry","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","",""
"uuid:6f534664-f5d2-441f-850b-7ab17086f2b6","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6f534664-f5d2-441f-850b-7ab17086f2b6","Transputer en FFT in Assembler en Occam","Vianen, P.J.","","1991","Dit verslag behandeld de verkenning van de Transputer en de verwerking van de fast Fourier transformatie, welke geschreven is in Assembler en in Occam.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:4bbb6bf1-1b4b-472d-bfbc-8a8b95ce1f26","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4bbb6bf1-1b4b-472d-bfbc-8a8b95ce1f26","Vector contra Raster: Een vergelijking van grafische standaarden: Taakverslag","Reijnierse, A.A.L.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Bons, J.H. (mentor)","1991","In dit taakverslag worden verschillende grafische standaarden uiteengezet. Deze standaarden worden bijvoorbeeld gebruikt voor de opbouw van grafische afbeeldingen op een monitor, voor het printen of plotten van grafische data of voor het inlezen van data welke op papier aanwezig zijn. Eerst wordt er een vergelijking gemaakt tussen deze aspecten naast de alom bekende verschillen in opslag en transmissie.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:a5407d09-24e4-4e93-b068-1eadad0e8fc2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a5407d09-24e4-4e93-b068-1eadad0e8fc2","Modelling supercritical entrainment distillation: thermodynamics and separation technology: Literature essay","van Ekelenburg, A.A.","Penninger, J.M.L. (mentor); Budde, F.J. (mentor)","1991","In this literature essay a review has been given how phase equilibria are modelled where a supercritical fluidum is involved. Two types of equations of state have been analysed: cubic equations of state and the virial equation of state. An analysis of degrees of freedom has been made...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Anorganische en Fysische Chemie","","Toegepaste Thermodynamica en Fasenleer","",""
"uuid:bc2b43c6-c0d5-4787-98d7-ae2f40ddc536","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc2b43c6-c0d5-4787-98d7-ae2f40ddc536","Een witte- en een bandbegrensde-ruisgenerator voor simulaties van G.P.S.-signaalbewerkingen","de Vos, A.J.","Coenen, A.J.R.M. (mentor)","1991","In dit verslag worden twee mogelijke ruisgeneratoren beschreven voor simulaties van G.P.S.-signaalbewerkingen, namelijk voor bandbegrensde en witte ruis. In de literatuur is onder andere naar de volgende criteria gezocht: de amplitudeverdeling, het vermogensdichtheidsspectrum en de autocorrelatiefunctie. De twee generatoren worden aan de hand hiervan getest.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:8c0550f1-3f6d-491c-821b-dfd572171ac3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:8c0550f1-3f6d-491c-821b-dfd572171ac3","W/O polyamide microcapsules - Vorming door grensvlak polycondensatie en afgifte van het kernmateriaal door diffusie: Literatuur scriptie","Mekkelholt, W.T.G.","","1991","Microcapsules met een waterige kerninhoud kunnen gemaakt worden via de grensvlak polycondensatie methode. Zij worden gevormd door een monomeer (een amine) op te lossen in water en vervolgens deze waterige fase te dispergeren in een organische continue fase, zodat een water-in-olie emulsie ontstaat. Deze oliefase bevat een tweede monomeer (een zuurchloride). Op het grensvlak van de twee fasen vindt de reaktie plaats tussen de monomeren, zodat een dunne polymeerlaag gevormd wordt. Eerst worden oligomeren gevormd, die blijven groeien, totdat ze zo groot geworden zijn, dat ze niet meer oplosbaar zijn in de organische fase en neerslaan op het grensvlak. Verdere reaktie vindt plaats aan de organische zijde van dit primaire membraan, doordat het amine door het membraan heen diffundeert. Het grensvlak polycondensatie proces wordt beïnvloed door: - De verdelingscoefficienten van het twee fasen systeem; - De oplosbaarheid van het polymeer in water en in de olie; - De aanwezigheid van zouten en emulgators; - Hydrolyse van het zuurchloride door water; - De temperatuur en de pH; - Het roerdertype en de roersnelheid. Door deze invloeden te variëren, is het mogelijk om de dikte, de permeabiliteit en de groeisnelheid van het membraan te regelen. Er zijn modellen bekend die de encapsuleringstijd beschrijven als funktie van de capsulestraal. Hierbij wordt rekening gehouden dat de diffusie bestaat uit diffusie door het membraan en door microporiën. Het geëncapsuleerde kernmateriaal kan door diffusie afgegeven worden uit de capsules. Deze diffusie wordt beïnvloed door de pH van de externe vloeistof, de roersnelheid tijdens de capsulevorming, de toevoersnelheid van het chloride en de soort organische fase tijdens de capsulevorming en de capsulegrootte. Door het toevoegen van een bepaalde hoeveelheid modifier als gecrosslinked gelatine of calciumalginaat aan de waterige fase, kan de afgiftesnelheid ingesteld worden. Door toevoegen van een hulpoplosmiddel wordt de oplosbaarheid van het kernmateriaal in het disperse hoofdoplosmiddel verhoogd. Tijdens de afgifte diffunderen zowel het kernmateriaal als het hulpoplosmiddel uit de capsule. Enkele faktoren die de diffusie van het kernmateriaal beïnvloeden zijn de ketenbeweeglijkheid, de ketenverwarring, de crosslinkgraad, de evenwichtszwelgraad, de mate van kristalliniteit, de porositeit en de oplosbaarheid van het kernmateriaal in bet polymeer. Voor de vrijlating via diffusie zijn modellen bekend, die de afgifte beschrijven voor rechte en bolvormige membranen uit zowel zwellende als niet-zwellende capsules.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:a1c3b7ab-6604-4edf-a4f5-98405e5aeb48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a1c3b7ab-6604-4edf-a4f5-98405e5aeb48","Netwerkvorming in oplossingen van zijketen vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren (I.O.P. BP-304): Literatuur onderzoek","Cordfunke, P.M.","","1991","De titel van dit rapport is ""Netwerkvorming in oplossingen van zijketen vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren"". Het is dus de bedoeling om de interacties van zijketen vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren in een oplosmiddel te onderzoeken. Deze polymeren kunnen een drie-dimensionaal netwerk vormen waarin de vloeibaar kristallijne gebieden als fysische verknopingen fungeren. Om deze netwerkvorming en de eigenschappen van het gevormde netwerk te onderzoeken worden eerst de vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren besproken. Daarna zal hun gedrag in een oplosmiddel geanalyseerd worden, om tot een aantal voorwaarden te komen waaraan voldaan moet zijn om een drie-dimensionaal netwerk te verkrijgen. Tevens zullen de eigenschappen (in de ruimste zin van het woord ) van dit netwerk worden bekeken.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:c28f3692-bae6-4a1c-89ce-76b25802d55d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c28f3692-bae6-4a1c-89ce-76b25802d55d","Polymeriseerbaarheid van macromonomeren: Literature study","Rottink, J.B.H.","Mijs, W.J. (mentor)","1991","In de literatuur wordt vaak twijfel geuit over het vermogen van macromonomeren om te polymeriseren. Macromonomeren zijn monomeren die bestaan uit een polymeerketen met aan het uiteinde een of andere functionele groep. De macromonomeren vormen een belangrijke klasse monomeren omdat ze een eenvoudige route naar de synthese van ent copolymeren verschaffen door copolymerisatie met laagmoleculaire monomeren. Deze scriptie is het resultaat van een literatuurstudie naar de polymeriseerbaarheid van macromonomeren, waarbij vooral de homopolymerisatie is bestudeerd. De synthese van macromonomeren, copolymerisatie met kleine monomeren en de karakterisering van polymacromonomeren worden ook behandeld...","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en de Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:e51b23fd-4aae-4bf8-abc9-3c41701912bd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:e51b23fd-4aae-4bf8-abc9-3c41701912bd","Onderzoek naar de morfologie en stabiliteit van ASA bevattende polymeermengsels: de invloed van een component met een zwichtspanning","Beekmans, F.","Verhoogt, H. (mentor)","1991","In dit verslag is het onderzoek aan mengsels van Polypropeen (PP) met Acrylonitril-Styreen-Acrylester copolymeer (ASA) beschreven. De keuze van de materialen was tweeledig: Ten eerste bevatten beide componenten fysische cross-links, welke de vorming van een zogenaamde bi-continue structuur bevorderen. En ten tweede bezit ASA een zwichtspanning, die in staat meet zijn een gevormde morfologie stabiel te houden. Omdat bleek dat dit systeem zeer incompatibel was, is naast dit mengsel op een aantal punten ook het compatibeler mengsel van ASA met Polycarbonaat (PC) bekeken. De mengsels zijn gemaakt' met behulp van een extruder (mengschroef). De mengsels van ASA en PP zijn gekarakteriseerd met behulp van onder andere DSC en DMTA. Er zijn reologische metingen uitgevoerd aan deze materialen met de capillair reometer en het kegel-plaat apparaat. Er is uitvoerig onderzoek verricht naar de morfologie van beide systemen met behulp van de Scanning Elektronen Microscoop en door middel van selectieve extractie. De stabiliteit van deze mengsels is onderzocht door uitvoering van een ""anneal"" proces. Om de invloed van de zwichtspanning op de stabiliteit nog verder te kunnen vaststellen, zijn opbreekexperimenten uitgevoerd aan ASA-draadjes in zowel PP als PC matrices. Verder zijn de elasticiteitsmoduli bepaald van zowel uitgangsmaterialen (PP en ASA) als mengsels…","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:c5bea28f-9006-42ee-a4a0-348bab875f3e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c5bea28f-9006-42ee-a4a0-348bab875f3e","Acrylonitrilpolymeren: Literatuurscriptie","Joziasse, C.A.P.","","1991","Acrylonitril, de grondstof voor polyacrylonitril en acrylonitrilpolymeren, wordt tegenwoordig voor het grootste deel geproduceerd door ammoxidatie van propeen volgens het Sohio-, PCUK- of Montedison-UOP-proces. Van de totale hoeveelheid geproduceerde acrylonitril wordt ongeveer de helft toegepast in synthetische vezels, terwijl SAN- en ABS-copolymeren (zie § 3.1 resp. § 5.3) het tweede grote toepassingsgebied zijn [1]. De nitrilrubbers (NBR) zijn het oudste toepassingsgebied van acrylonitril. Nitrilrubber is een copolymeer van butadieen met een grote variatie in acrylonitrilgehalte, waarmee een grote verscheidenheid aan bruikbare eigenschappen kan worden bereikt, zoals bestendigheid tegen olie, vet, oplosmiddelen, chemicaliën, hitte en zonlicht. Nitrilrubbers worden ook toegepast als modifiers voor PVC, SAN, polystyreen, nylon, etc…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:bcee434f-ab14-4848-8716-8ec4e0d93c6b","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bcee434f-ab14-4848-8716-8ec4e0d93c6b","The State of the Art in Thermodynamic Modelling of Aqueous Two-phase Biopolymer Systems","Loggers, Ronald J.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1991","This literature research was done to obtain a degree in chemical engineering at the Delft University of Technology. In the graduation stage of the chemical engineering study in Delft. The result of this research has to be a report which covers the most recent developments of the chosen subject.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behaviour","","","",""
"uuid:83550ae7-b364-4606-96a5-5f28f3182efd","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:83550ae7-b364-4606-96a5-5f28f3182efd","Verwerking en toepassingen van thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren: Literatuur scriptie","van Uffelen, M.C.J.","Posthuma de Boer, A. (mentor); van Dam, J. (mentor); Langelaan, B. (mentor)","1991","Gedurende de laatste 15 jaar is de interesse in vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren enorm toegenomen. Dit blijkt uit het grote aantal studies, dat recentelijk is gepubliceerd. Deze publikaties kunnen in het algemeen verdeeld worden in drie categorieën: (1) synthese en chemische struktuur van vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren; (2) reologisch gedrag; (3) verwerking en toepassingen. Vergeleken bij het aantal publikaties over de synthese en reologisch gedrag is het aantal publikaties over de verwerking en toepassingen van vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren wat achter gebleven [1]. De reden hiervan is de hoge kostprijs van deze materialen. In deze literatuurscriptie wordt een overzicht gegeven van de huidige stand van zaken in de verwerking en toepassingen van thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren. Eerst wordt een algemene beschrijving gegeven van vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren, waarbij onderscheid wordt gemaakt tussen lyotrope en thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren. Vervolgens worden de geschikte verwerkingstechnieken voor thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren besproken. Hierbij komen de conventionele verwerkingstechnieken voor thermoplasten aan bod zoals spuitgieten en extrusie. Aansluitend wordt een opsomming gegeven van de mogelijke composieten en blends die tot op heden bestudeerd zijn. Vervolgens wordt een lijst van reeds uitgevoerde toepassingen van thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren gegeven. Tot slot wordt een zo'n volledig mogelijke opsomming gegeven van commercieel verkrijgbare thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren. Hierbij is getracht de chemische samenstellingen te achterhalen, die schuilgaan achter de verschillende merknamen.","","","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie der macromoleculaire stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:20b27abb-86b0-4750-8c9b-d12b2ac6f603","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:20b27abb-86b0-4750-8c9b-d12b2ac6f603","Verwerking en toepassingen van thermotrope vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren","van Uffelen, M.C.J.","Posthuma de Boer, A. (mentor); van Dam, J. (mentor); Langelaan, B. (mentor)","1991","In deze literatuurscriptie is de huidige stand van zaken beschreven in de verwerking van thermotrope LCP's. In de algemene beschrijving van LCP's wordt de ordeningstoestand van vloeibaar kristallijne polymeren vergeleken met amorfe en semi-kristallijne polymeren. Tevens wordt onderscheid gemaakt tussen lyotrope en thermotrope LCP's. Uit de beschrijving van het reologische gedrag van LCP's blijkt dat de viscositeit van de nematische smelt beduidend lager is dan de viscositeit van de smelt van isotrope thermoplasten. Deze eigenschap is van belang voor de kunstofverwerkende industrie, omdat het de verwerkbaarheid vereenvoudigd en de benodigde hoeveelheid energie voor verwerking lager is. Bij het spuitgieten van thermotrope LCP's wordt de vorming van een gelaagde struktuur waargenomen, waarbij de oppervlaktelagen meer georiënteerd zijn dan de kern van het produkt (skin/core struktuur). Dit verschijnsel komt tot uitdrukking in de mechanische eigenschappen van de spuitgietprodukten. De Produkten hebben namelijk betere mechanische eigenschappen in de stromingsrichting dan in de dwars- (transversaal) richting. Naast de produktdikte hebben ook de procesparameters, zoals de matrijstemperatuur, de injektiesnelheid en de injektiedruk een grote invloed op de mechanische eigenschappen van het spuitgietprodukt. Uit de onderzoeken blijkt dat bij lage instellingen van de procesparameters spuitgietprodukten met goede mechanische eigenschappen worden verkregen. Bij extrusie zijn de extrusietemperatuur en de verstrekverhouding (draw-down ratio bij vezelspinnen, blow up ratio bij folieblazen) de procesparameters die de grootste invloed hebben op de mechanische eigenschappen van de extrusieprodukten. De mechanische eigenschappen van de extrusieprodukten zijn beschreven met behulp van composiettheorièn voor vezelversterkte kunststoffen. Vezel- en mineraalgevulde LCP's worden toegepast om de mechanische eigenschappen in de transversale richting te verbeteren. Dit gaat echter ten koste van de eigenschappen in de stromingsrichting. De algemene trends die waargenomen worden bij mengsels van LCP's met amorfe thermoplasten zijn een drastische verlaging van de smeltviscositeit en een verbetering van de mechanische eigenschappen van het thermoplastische materiaal bij lage concentraties (tot 10%) LCP. De mechanische eigenschappen van deze mengsels kunnen beschreven worden met eenvoudige composiettheorièn . De thermotrope LCP's hebben een breed toepassinsgebied. De daadwerkelijke toepassing heeft echter nog niet de omvang die men er in eerste instantie van heeft verwacht, vanwege de hoge kostprijs van thermotrope LCP's. Desalniettemin wordt voor deze materialen een rooskleurige toekomst voorspeld.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:da4358c2-85cf-47c7-b517-78b737fd58c8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da4358c2-85cf-47c7-b517-78b737fd58c8","Recycling van kunststofafval: Achtergronden en een inventarisatie van scheidingsmethoden","Butter, M.","van Turnhout, J. (mentor)","1991","In deze scriptie wordt kort ingegaan op de verschillende aspecten van de recycling van kunststoffen. Hierbij wordt de nadruk gelegd op technieken die gebruikt worden voor het scheiden van kunststofmengsels. Eerst worden diverse algemene methoden besproken die worden gebruikt voor de scheiding van componenten uit afval en later worden de specifieke technieken behandeld die bij de recycling van kunststoffen worden toegepast. Voor zover mogelijk worden voorbeelden uit Europa aangehaald. Er worden hoeveelheden van Nederlandse afvalstromen gegeven met de nadruk op huisvuil, dat de meest gecompliceerde afvalstroom is. Ook komen andere methoden voor het hergebruik van kunststof, zoals pyrolyse, verbranding en mengsels, aan de orde. Enkele belangrijke technieken zijn: luchtclassificatie en elektrostatische, drijf-zink en ballistische technieken. De toepasbaarheid van de verschillende methoden is sterk afhankelijk van de te scheiden afvalstroom. Het blijkt dat knelpunten van de recycling liggen bij de economische haalbaarheid van de te gebruiken scheidingsmethoden. Belangrijk zijn ook de afnemers van het gerecyclede materiaal.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:4cc94e4f-9b37-4be0-8653-3094fab18773","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4cc94e4f-9b37-4be0-8653-3094fab18773","Modelling supercritical entrainment distillation: virial equation of state / Henry’s Law. Extrapolation to the hepa separation problem: Progress report 2","van Ekelenburg, A.A.","Penninger, J.M.L. (mentor); Budde, F.J. (mentor)","1991","","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Anorganische en Fysische Chemie","","Toegepaste Thermodynamica en Fasenleer","",""
"uuid:16e1c722-88cd-4031-9c9b-0901b4f94303","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:16e1c722-88cd-4031-9c9b-0901b4f94303","Thermodynamic Modeling of Interfaces: Literature review","Cornelisse, Peter","Peters, C.J. (mentor)","1991","The first part deals with thermodynamics of interfaces in a general way and an expression for the interfacial tension as a function of the Helmholtz free energy density was derived. Secondly statistical thermodynamics was used to formulate an expression for the free energy distributions. The starting point of this theory is the grand partition function of a classical inhomogeneous fluid. This results into an exact formula for the interfacial tension and the free energy density...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:ec3c681b-f757-4589-b97a-06ab789f8886","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ec3c681b-f757-4589-b97a-06ab789f8886","Stock-taking of models existing for fibre transport and deposition in lungs and other tubelike systems","Zeckendorf, Angela","Marijnissen, J.C.M. (mentor)","1991","From this literature search one may conclude that most authors write their article on the basis of an already existing paper: they publish a so called secondary model. The authors either make some adjusments to improve an existing model or test an existing model by doing experiments. It does not often occur that they do both modelling and experimental work.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Materials Science","","Particle Technology Group","",""
"uuid:748ec108-df9c-48e8-b235-08925b31bd0c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:748ec108-df9c-48e8-b235-08925b31bd0c","Evaluation of the bit error probability in a Microcellular Mobile Radio System using DPSK modulation: Task report","Wesselman, H.J.","Kegel, A. (mentor); Prasad, R. (mentor)","1991","In this report the computational results are presented for the error probability as a function of reuse-distance, in a microcellular mobile radio system using DPSK modulation. The present investigation is carried out assuming that the desired signal is having Rician distribution and co-channel interference signals have Rayleigh distribution and are coherent additive. The propagation model is based on the measurement result published recently in [6], Finally, the bit error probability as a function of spectrum efficiency is also obtained.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:992d0b2c-72c5-42ea-be82-78cb5e828eb8","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:992d0b2c-72c5-42ea-be82-78cb5e828eb8","The application of Climet CI-226 / CI-1000 optical particle counters in high temperature gas clean-up","Zevenhoven, C.A.P.","","1991","In this text several aspects related to the application of the Climet CI-226M / CI-1000 optical particle counter in the high temperature gas clean-up project are discussed. As a first objective this text gives a presentation of how this equipment is used in measuring particulate size distributions and filtration efficiencies. These are used for granular bed filter optimisation as part of the high temperature gas clean-up project. Secondly, this text may be highly beneficial for future users of the equipment, since it is also written as a supplement to the equipment manual texts.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:1b78e168-2a49-41bd-9b14-587205040818","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:1b78e168-2a49-41bd-9b14-587205040818","Optimalisatie van het snijproces van inhaleerbare vezels","Plaisier, R.B.","Buwalda, J.R.F. (mentor)","1991","In het kader van het promotieonderzoek van drs. J.R.F. Buwalda is getracht het snijproces bij de produktie van inhaleerbare vezels te optimaliseren. Dit werd uitgevoerd door te experimenteren met de diverse snijvariabelen, waarvan de snijhoek en de snijsnelheid het meest van belang blijken te zijn. Het vergelijken van de afsnijdingen van filamenten, geproduceerde vezels en lengteverdelingen geeft een duidelijk inzicht in de optimale condities van het snijproces. Deze condities zijn met diverse handelingen in een snijprocedure verwerkt (Bijlage 1). Gebruik makend van het verbeterde snijproces kan een produktie van ongeveer 4,5 mg/min. aan nylon-vezels worden verkregen. Voor het vergelijken van de dimensies van de diverse typen vezels blijkt de huidige meetmethode langdurig en onnauwkeurig te zijn, maar is wel te gebruiken als een indicatie voor de kwaliteit van de gesneden vezels. Omtrent de produktie-condities van de filamenten zijn pas conclusies te trekken als alle vezeltypen daadwerkelijk zijn gemeten en vergeleken (rond februari 1991).","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Chemische Technologie","","Deeltjestechnologie","",""
"uuid:dd7f63fa-1995-4c96-a424-f422736c4579","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dd7f63fa-1995-4c96-a424-f422736c4579","Wireless Office met behulp van Infra-Rood Datacommunicatie: Een onderzoek naar de huidige stand der techniek","Schot, M.H.","Nijhof, J.A.M. (mentor)","1990","In het kader van onderzoek naar draadloze binnenshuis datacommunicatie ontstond de behoefte om na te gaan in hoeverre diffuse binnenshuis infra-rood communicatie van dienst kan zijn. Als eerste terreinverkenning werd een literatuuronderzoek gestart, waaruit inzicht moest worden verkregen in de huidige stand der techniek. Dit inzicht heeft betrekking op de fysieke componenten, de mogelijke modulatietechnieken, de gangbare protocollen en mogelijke netwerkstructuren. Uit dit literatuuronderzoek blijkt dat het goed mogelijk moet zijn een dergelijk IR systeem op te zetten met een data rate van 1 Mbps en 8 full-duplex kanalen, dat kan worden aangesloten als lokaal netwerkje op een bestaand netwerk.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","Datacommunicatie","",""
"uuid:24ca971b-0995-4c36-acfc-ca964e48ceb2","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:24ca971b-0995-4c36-acfc-ca964e48ceb2","Optimal Packet Length in a Random Multiple-access Rayleigh-fading channel with receiver capture: Laboratory task report","Walther, E.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Linnartz, J.P.M.G. (mentor)","1990","The field of wireless data communications has gained a lot of interest, not only from the users, but also from the service providers, who quickly recognised the economical possibilities of providing these services. The propagation characteristics of the radio channel are less friendly than those in cable networks. The capacity of the radio channel is limited and multipath wave interference causes fading, during which no data can be reliably transported. Also there is a possibility that users interfere each other’s transmissions. For a mobile radio channel, the probability that a packet is successfully transmitted from a mobile transmitter to a fixed base station is derived under the following assumptions: incoherent addition of interfering signals, uncorrelated Rayleigh fading and no thermal noise. Furthermore, we assume that the probability of capture and the probability for a test packet to fit in a non-fade interval are statistically independent. The calculation of this probability depends on a number of parameters: receiver characteristics, the offered traffic in the system, the velocity of the mobile transmitter and the maximum number of interferers. Given the probability of a successful transmission, as a function of the packet length, an optimal packet length is determined, taking into account the overhead bits needed for synchronisation and error detection. Calculations show the optimal packet length to decrease with increasing velocity of the mobile transmitter and capture ratio (the fade margin), as expected.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:41e09af7-bf22-4ebb-9739-5b40d98e5b8e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:41e09af7-bf22-4ebb-9739-5b40d98e5b8e","Clustervorming in verdunde oplossingen nabij kritische condities","Janse, A.M.C.","Peters, C.J. (mentor)","1990","Deze scriptie beoogt een algeheel beeld te geven van het begrip clustervorming in oplossingen nabij het kritisch punt van het oplosmiddel; het optreden van een sterk verhoogde solvent dichtheid rondom molekulen solute. Clusters geven aanleiding tot grote partieële molaire volumina van de op te lossen component en grote spectroscopische verschuivingen in UV-absorptie spectra. In fluorescentie-spectra treden piekhoogte veranderingen op door clustervorming. Berekeningen aan radiale distributiefunkties geven een verhoging van de locale dichtheid te zien in de orde van vier keer de bulkdichtheid voor de solute-solvent interaktie. Voor de solute-solute interaktie bedraagt dit cijfer zes. Deze berekeningen geven een clustergrootte aan in de orde van tien tot honderd solvent molekulen rond een molekuul opgeloste stof. Eenzelfde resultaat volgt ook uit fluktuatietheorie en metingen van partieële molaire volumina. Door deze locaal verhoogde dichtheid in rekening te brengen in het Kirkwood-Buff oplossings model is het goed mogelijk oplosbaarheidsgedrag en partieële molaire volumina te beschrijven. Dit is met meer gangbare (en veel eenvoudiger) toestandsvergelijkingen niet mogelijk. Computersimulaties tonen, naast de aangehaalde verhoging van de locale dichtheid, sterke fluktuaties van solute-solvent clusters in grootte, gesuperponeerd op een kleine vaste grootte. Solvent-solvent clusters verdwijnen continu en worden steeds opnieuw gevormd. Naast attraktieve clusters, blijken ook repulsieve en zwak-attraktieve vormen te bestaan. Met een eenvoudig concept kunnen voor iedere toestandsvergelijking de randvoorwaarden worden afgeleid die voor de verschillende systemen van toepassing zijn. Theoretisch is afgeleid dat bij lage dichtheden clusters een Poissongrootte verdeling vertonen. Echter deze grootteverdelingstheorieën staan nog in de kinderschoenen. Opzienbarend is de grote fraktie molekulen solute die zelfs bij zeer sterke verdunning in dimeer vorm voorkomt. Deze aggregaat vorming wordt in alle clustertheorieën verwaarloosd. De sterke oplosbaarheidsvergroting bij toevoeging-bij toevoeging van cosolvents in lage concentraties kan worden verklaard uit de sterke interaktie tussen solute en co-solvent. Dit volgt uit UV-absorptie en fluorescentie spectroscopische metingen. Beschrijving van gedrag van deze ternaire systemen is met afwijkingen boven de 10% mogelijk met een van der Waals model.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:4a10f76e-fb05-4717-b8af-6576753af1aa","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:4a10f76e-fb05-4717-b8af-6576753af1aa","De relatie tussen de rheologie en morfologie van niet mengbare polymeermengsels: Literatuur scriptie","van Wezenbeek, W.","Verhoogt, H. (mentor)","1990","Het rheologisch gedrag van polymeermengsels kan worden beschreven door verschillende rheologische modellen. Modellen die in dit literatuuronderzoek naar voren komen, zijn die van Choi en Schowalter, Lees, Taylor, Heitmiller, Lin, Takayanagi en Hashin. In de meeste gevallen wordt 1 model vergeleken met de gevonden experimentele waarden voor een bepaalde rheologische eigenschap van het polymeermengsel. Een vergelijking tussen de verschillende modellen is derhalve voor een bepaald mengsel niet mogelijk. In de beschouwde literatuur wordt vaak gebruik gemaakt van het model van Lees of Heitmiller en Lin. Discrepanties tussen theoretische en experimentele waarden worden geweten aan de - in werkelijkheid - verschillende druppelgroottes van de gedispergeerde fase of de complexere situatie. Het optreden van b.v. fasebreuk, waardoor de aanname van laminaire stroming niet meer geldig is, wordt niet meegenomen in de theoretische beschouwingen. Om deze tegen te gaan, kan dan ook het best bij lage frequenties of afschuifsnelheden gewerkt worden. De modellen voldoen beter bij minder compatibele systemen en minder goed bij systemen met een elastische component…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:bc4049f5-6d85-4de2-8a10-dc3a0f44ccc4","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:bc4049f5-6d85-4de2-8a10-dc3a0f44ccc4","The modelling of microemulsions","Fontijne, J.P.","Sassen, C.L. (mentor); de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1990","This report gives a review of models for the description and prediction of the microstructure and phase behaviour of microemulsion systems. One group of models is based on spherical droplets. The stability of these droplets is calculated using expressions for the free energy. By taking different contributions to this expressions a variety of models is created. One group of authors (Ruckenstein et al. ) finds that the entropy of dispersion is the key parameter influencing the stability and radius of the droplets, another group (Miller et al.) finds that the energy associated with the bending of the interface is the key factor. Despite the difference the results of these groups are comparable. Another approach is based on bicontinuous structures. With some statistical thermodynamics for the entropy calculations, and an expression for the free energy, models for phase behaviour are developed. It proves that some of these models can predict the phase behaviour in general, but the implementation and evaluation of parameters for incorporating the influence of system parameters (e.g. salinity, oil and surfactant properties) is difficult. Beside a review there is also a focus on the work of two authors. First the work of Ruckenstein will be presented, this is about the stability of microemulsion structures. From his work it is clear that the entropy of dispersion is one of the main causes for the thermodynamic stability of these structures. The work of Robbins is about the phase behaviour of microemulsions. Using a simple geometric structure, a model is developed, which can give a good description of the phase behaviour, in a limited concentration region with parameters fitted on experimental data.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics","","Inorganic and Physical Chemistry","",""
"uuid:6f40abb7-e7c8-4f72-9f52-ae824872cb1e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:6f40abb7-e7c8-4f72-9f52-ae824872cb1e","EGA/VGA to TV (PAL) conversion","Svendsen, R.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Bons, J.H. (mentor)","1990","Nowadays two of the most popular professional computer graphics cards for the PC (Personal Computer) are the EGA (Enhanced Graphics Adapter) and the VGA (Video Graphics Array) cards. These two graphics cards features relative high resolution and colors. Of different reasons it’s interesting to have the possibility to connect a PC with one of these graphics cards to a PAL (Phase Alternate Line) system television-set. However this is not possible because of different horizontal and vertical synchronization (the horizontal and vertical synchronization pulses dictate the scan rate of the display, i.e. computer monitor resp. television screen) of the EGA/VGA cards and the PAL system. In this report a way will be discussed in which this EGA/VGA to PAL conversion can be realized. By manipulating, i.e. refill with new values, the registers in charge of the synchronization on the EGA/VGA cards so that a PAL compatible signal can be achieved. This solution, based on register manipulation, gives a relative good picture on the television screen if alphanumeric characters are present on the computer. With graphics the conversion was not possible with this solution.The conclusion is that this method can be used only if alphanumeric characters are to be displayed on a television screen.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","","","",""
"uuid:c7da4c89-95b7-4535-b2a1-131111d7a7b0","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c7da4c89-95b7-4535-b2a1-131111d7a7b0","De analyse van de netwerkvorming in polymeersmelten aan de hand van het netwerkmodel van Lodge en Wagner","Cordfunke, P.M.","Te Nijenhuis, K. (mentor); Norder, B. (mentor)","1990","Het is voor de verwerking van thermoplastische polymeren van groot belang om de stromingseigenschappen van deze polymeren in gesmolten toestand te kennen. Deze stromingseigenschappen kunnen beschreven worden met behulp van een constitutievergelijking. Dit onderzoek richt zich op de constitutievergelijking van Wagner, die volgt uit het netwerkmodel van Lodge en Wagner. Uitgaande van dit netwerkmodel wordt de concentratie netwerkverknopingen in een stromende en een relaxerende polymeersmelt geanalyseerd. Voor de beschrijving van de spanningsrelaxatie in een polymeersmelt na een stroming wordt een relaxatiefunctie aan de constitutievergelijking van Wagner toegevoegd. Het experimentele gedeelte van dit onderzoek betreft het de meting van de spanningen in een PVDF- smelt, die een eenvoudige afschuifstroming ondergaat. De spanningen worden gemeten tijdens de stroming en tijdens spanningsrelaxatie na de stroming. Uit deze meetwaarden wordt met behulp van de constitutievergelijking van Wagner de concentratie netwerkverknopingen bepaald. Uit dit onderzoek volgt dat de PVDF-smelt tijdens deformatie niet-affien gedrag vertoont; dit is in tegenspraak met het model van Lodge en Wagner. Tevens blijkt de stromingssnelheid de netwerkvorming in de smelt te beïnvloeden. Uit de relaxatie-experimenten blijkt dat er tijdens relaxatie twee processen plaatsvinden die de concentratie netwerkverknopingen beïnvloeden. Het eerste proces bepaald de spanningen in het netwerk, en volgt uit het model van Wagner. Het tweede proces is de vorming van een niet belast netwerk met een stijgend aantal netwerkverknopingen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie der Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:22673ba7-6fb1-478f-9409-8e9add266f70","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:22673ba7-6fb1-478f-9409-8e9add266f70","A model of telephone network development in the rural area of Bali: Taakverslag","Widipangestu, I.","Westerveld, J.R. (mentor)","1990","The telephone facility for rural areas is being developed and actually has been used, especially for the villages in the third world countries. In this report the reason of such development is described, and a model is made to illustrate the topographic conditions, the situation in the villages and the possibilities for the telephone users. From the available data, a rural area in Bali island, Indonesia, is chosen as the object location. The Delft Rural Telephony System (DRTS) which is being developed and tested in the laboratory is explained as a possible system application in the area. The designed network and the used equipment cost is then calculated. In this report the suggestions for further extension of the Interactive Telephone network Optimization in Rural Areas (ITORA) program and for simulating the model with this program are given.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrotechniek","","Telecommunicatie- en Verkeersbegeleidingssystemen","",""
"uuid:dabb48e1-1ce6-4796-9da3-dc0102fe85d3","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dabb48e1-1ce6-4796-9da3-dc0102fe85d3","A simulation of mobile slotted-aloha networks with correlated shadow attenuation during retransmission","de Vos, A.","Arnbak, J.C. (mentor); Linnartz, J.P.M.G. (mentor)","1990","The performance of a slotted-ALOHA network is investigated for correlated shadow attenuation during retransmission by means of software simulation. If terminals are stationary rather than mobile, the path attenuation during each transmission of a terminal is identical. The major part of all retransmissions is thus received with relatively weak power. This effect is shown to degrade the network performance significantly.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Electrical Engineering","","Telecommunications and Traffic Control Systems Group","",""
"uuid:95ab544a-ab8c-4e92-957f-cef8e0b36215","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:95ab544a-ab8c-4e92-957f-cef8e0b36215","Phase Separation in the system Low Density Polyethylene + Ethylene","Kenter, O.C.H.","de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1990","For the further development of the high pressure polymerization process of ethylene a thorough knowledge of the phase behaviour of polyethylene + ethylene is necessary. Accurate prediction of phase separation under process conditions is important for both design and operation of reactor and separation units. Phase separation is influenced by many parameters, like the molecular weight distribution and branching of the polymer. An important empirical parameter for the polymer processing industry is the melt flow index. This melt flow index is an indication for the viscous behaviour of the molten polyethylene and the molecular weight. In this work three low density polyethylene samples (LDPE 150, 300 & 980) with different melt flow index have been studied. Both cloud point measurements with ethylene and PVT measurements were carried out...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Applied Thermodynamics","","Inorganic and Physical Chemistry","",""
"uuid:ce75a0c7-37da-408a-8aaa-df32ad604ec1","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:ce75a0c7-37da-408a-8aaa-df32ad604ec1","Discotische vloeibaar kristallijne moleculen en polymeren: Literatuur scriptie","Fontijn, M.","","1990","De laatste tien jaar is er onderzoek gedaan naar vloeibaar kristallijne discotische monomeren en polymeren. · De mesofase van deze monomeren en polymeren bestaat uit een nematische of een discotische, hexagonale of rechthoekige, fase. De naamgeving van deze fasen wordt echter nog niet universeel gebruikt, wat vaak leidt tot de ontdekking van ""nieuwe"" fasen…","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:b3b0aadb-4168-48d6-afb9-94b955bdb85e","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3b0aadb-4168-48d6-afb9-94b955bdb85e","The search for new working fluids - The use of thermodynamics: Literature thesis","Rientsma, S.R.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor); Peters, C.J. (mentor)","1990","This thesis is concerned with the search for new working fluids and working pairs for compression and absorption heat pumps respectively. Especially the role of thermodynamics was evaluated and there was examined if thermodynamics could be an important aid in the pre-screening process for the search for new working media...","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Inorganic and Physical Chemistry","","Applied Thermodynamics and Phase Behavior","",""
"uuid:2b7cf446-7ff2-4853-822e-7dc1431d3998","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:2b7cf446-7ff2-4853-822e-7dc1431d3998","Blokpolymeren met twee mesogene segmenten en een flexibele spacer: Literatuur scriptie","Schrauwen, R.F.M.","Mijs, W.J. (mentor)","1990","Deze scriptie is bedoeld als voorbereiding op de afstudeeropdracht, die de synthese en analyse inhoudt van blokpolymeren met vloeibaarkristallijne ofwel mesogene segmenten. Er is getracht de verschillende facetten van het onderzoek zo duidelijk mogelijk voor de lezers van deze scriptie op een rijtje te zetten. Allereerst zal wat verteld worden wat vloeibaarkristallijne stoffen zijn en hoe ze ingedeeld kunnen worden. Het tweede hoodstuk houdt zich bezig met fasenovergangen bij vloeibaar-kristallijne ABA- en (AB)n-blokpolymeren. Aan de orde komen enige thermodynamische aspecten en de invloed van de structuur van een verbinding op de ligging van de overgangstemperaturen. Vervolgens zullen in hoofdstuk 3 de verschillende kanten belicht worden van de synthese van ABA-blokpolymeren met mesogene segmenten. Slechts kort wordt ingegaan op de synthese van mesogene groepen, waarna telechelische polymeren (polymeren met functionele eindgroepen) wat langer aan bod zullen komen, omdat deze van groot belang zullen zijn in het afstudeeronderzoek. In het laatste hoofdstuk worden de toe te passen analysemethoden behandeld. Voor de meeste chemici zal dit hoofdstuk een hoop overbodige informatie bevatten. De scriptie wordt afgesloten met een lijst van geraadpleegde literatuur en de bijlagen. Alle figuren waar in de tekst naar verwezen wordt staan in bijlage 1.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:98aceca0-f526-48a1-ba16-bf98f98a2239","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98aceca0-f526-48a1-ba16-bf98f98a2239","Het bepalen van moleculaire oriëntaties en spanningen met behulp van infrarood-dichroisme: Literature study","Bukman, F.","","1990","De bepaling van moleculaire oriëntaties en spanningen in polymeren met behulp van infraroodspectroscopie is nog niet erg breed ontwikkeld. Het aantal publikaties op dit gebied is beperkt. De oriëntatiefuncties warden bepaald, maar in de literatuur hecht men daar vooral kwalitatief waarde aan. Het dichroïsme is erg afhankelijk van de absorptieband waaraan het gemeten is. Het gemeten effect verschilt van frequentie tot frequentie. Transmissie- en ATR spectroscopie leveren oriëntatiegegevens over een groter oppervlak. Diffuse Reflectance FTIR (DRIFT) meet veel kleinere oppervlakken maar wordt nog nauwelijks toegepast. Er treden problemen op bij de interpretatie van de spectra die hinderlijke reflecties kunnen bevatten.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:a6421b1e-ec51-470e-b83e-2534db48ab4f","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:a6421b1e-ec51-470e-b83e-2534db48ab4f","Some milestones in the life and work of the mathematical chemist J.J. Van laar (1860-1938): Calphad XIX (1990)","van Emmerik, E.P.","","1990","This lecture: 'Some Milestones in the Life and Work of Mathematical Chemist J.J. van Laar (1860-1938)' discusses his life and three important examples of his work. Insufficient schooling meant that Van Laar was not permitted to take academic examinations and this lack of recognized qualifications led to problems in establishing his scientific career. These difficulties brought him close to mental collapse in 1896 and 1911. At the University of Amsterdam he was opposed by J.D. Van der Waals (1837-1923) but was highly appreciated by H.W. Bakhuis Roozeboom (1854-1907). This lecture focuses on some of his achievements and describes his recognition as a scientist. H.A. Lorentz (1853-1928) played an important part in Van Laar's development as a mathematical chemist. Van Laar is said to have endowed him with 'the father role' and it is certain that Lorentz encouraged and supported him. The study of mathematical chemistry as Van Laar practiced it no longer exists. Together with Bakhuis Roozeboom, Van Laar is the founder of phase theory. Examples of his work are discussed in the sections of the melting point line of tin amalgam (1902), the spinodal (1905) and retrograde solubility (1908). The lecture concludes with a description of the final years of his life and includes the kind letter of condolence by L.S. Ornstein (1880-1941). Throughout the lecture reference is made to fragments of letters and to photographs.","","en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","","","","",""
"uuid:b3487708-70d4-44c8-a558-7adde480b6f7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:b3487708-70d4-44c8-a558-7adde480b6f7","Attritieverschijnselen in een wervelbedverbrandingssysteem","Fransen, A.","Gerritsen, A.W. (mentor); Verheijen, P. (mentor); Vervoorn, P. (mentor); Wolff, E.H.P. (mentor)","1990","Vaar het onderzoeken van de attritiebestendigheid van het SG-105 sorbent in een wervelbedverbrandingsinstallatie zijn vier verschillende experimenten uitgevoerd, n1. thermo-shock experimenten, lange duur fluïdisatie experimenten , impactproeven met een deeltjeskanon en steenkool verbrandingsexperimenten. Om het SG-105 sorbent te vergelijken met anders sorbentia zijn nog drie andere materialen gebruikt: Shell silica, met 14 gew.% Cao geïmpregneerd Shell silica en gecalcineerd kalksteen...","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:7957053c-6dd1-45e9-a24f-0db2c7c1b23a","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:7957053c-6dd1-45e9-a24f-0db2c7c1b23a","Ontwikkeling van een biodegradeerbare composiet voor toepassing als breukfixerend implantaat in de orthopaedische chirurgie: Produktontwerp","Goei, L.I.; Joziasse, C.A.","de Wijn, J.R. (mentor)","1990","In dit produktontwerp is gezocht naar een geschikt composietmateriaal om als breukfixerend implantaat in de orthopaedische chirurgie dienst te doen. Hiertoe zijn in eerste instantie literatuurgegevens over het polymeer poly-L-lactide, het mineraal hydroxyapatiet en silaan, titanaat en zirkonaat coupling agents nader bekeken. Daarnaast zijn al eerder ontwikkelde combinaties van deze stoffen doorgelicht. Aan de hand van de daaruit volgende resultaten en aanvullende theorieën over polymeercomposieten is getracht een geschikte combinatie poly-Llactide/hydroxyapatiet/coupling agent te vinden. Daarnaast zijn aanbevelingen gedaan omtrent de verwerkingsmethode van deze composiet. Dit ontwerp moet resulteren in een composiet met voldoende hoge stijfheid en sterkte om voorziene belastingen te kunnen dragen. Tevens wordt een aantal aanbevelingen gedaan op welke zaken een eventueel vervolgonderzoek gericht moet worden.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","","","",""
"uuid:dda84fc8-2961-432d-beb0-51ddcdfb1f3c","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:dda84fc8-2961-432d-beb0-51ddcdfb1f3c","Optimalisatie van een sorbent voor een wervelbed-kolenverbrandingsinstallatie met regeneratieve zwavelvangst: Produktvoorontwerp - Het ontwerp van een kolenwervelbedverbrandingsinstallatiesorbentdeeltje","Goudappel, R.; van de Graaf, P.J.","Duisterwinkel, A.E. (mentor)","1990","Er is een methode in ontwikkeling om met behulp van sorbent zwaveldioxide af te vangen, dat vrijkomt bij het verbranden van steenkool in een wervelbed-installatie. Het gebruikte sorbent wordt geregenereerd en teruggevoerd naar de reactor. Dit synthetische sorbent bestaat uit calciumoxide op een alumina drager. Vers sorbent moet in de reactor geleid worden om het verlies van sorbent door attritie te compenseren. In dit produktvoorontwerp zijn de produktparameters van het sorbent zodanig geoptimaliseerd, dat de invoer van vers sorbent bij de kolenwervelbedverbrandinsinstallatie met regeneratieve zwavelvangst minimaal wordt…","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:da2944db-5fb9-43ae-9c62-1f1b582ee7b7","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:da2944db-5fb9-43ae-9c62-1f1b582ee7b7","Stromingsgeinduceerde kristallisatie in een polymere smelt - “recente ontwikkelingen op het gebied van stroming geïnduceerde kristallisatie”: Literatuur scriptie","Bakker, K.","","1990","In het kader van een afstudeerproject bij de vakgroep Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen is een literatuuronderzoek verricht naar stroming geïnduceerde kristallisatie tijdens extrusie van een polymere smelt. Dit verschijnsel treedt ondermeer op in een coextrusie proces en in een proces waarbij een dispersie geextrudeerd wordt. Op het gebied van de coextrusie wordt door met name J.R. Collier veel onderzoek verricht. Het probleem van vastvriezen van de kristallijne fase wordt voorkomen door een mantelpolymeer toe te passen. Het kristallijne polymeer wordt bij voorkeur geconditioneerd bij hoge druk waarbij volgens bovengenoemde onderzoeker een nematisch systeem ontstaat. De elongatie-, en afschuifstroming, die de oriëntatie teweeg brengen, worden gemodelleerd voor enkele fluïda. Het fenomeen slippen wordt nader bekeken voor een fluïdum dat aan de machtswet voldoet. Volledige (theoretische) ontwikkeling is vooralsnog niet mogelijk, daar over de kristallisatiekinetiek van een smelt onder spanning zeer weinig bekend is. Stromingsgeïnduceerde kristallisatie in een polymeerdispersie wordt tevens bekeken in een extrusieproces. De resulterende vezellengte wordt gerelateerd aan de initiële druppelgrootte, stofparameters en stromingsparameters.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:98d07a4b-37e3-40c2-85fd-a6db7f83a5cf","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:98d07a4b-37e3-40c2-85fd-a6db7f83a5cf","Theorieën voor elektrolytoplossingen: De mean spherical approximation","Sprokholt, R.","de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1990","Er is gekeken naar verschillende varianten op de M.S.A. Er zijn twee hoofdlijnen te ontdekken. In het primitieve geval (Blum, zie hoofdstuk 1.3.) worden de dipoolinteracties verwaarloosd. Het is gebleken dat dit niet realistisch is. Het model van Ball (zie hoofdstuk 2) is duidelijk beter, maar ook minder eenvoudig. Het EXP-M.S.A. model van Gering geeft de beste resultaten. Het lijkt eenvoudiger toe te passen op gecompliceerde elektrolyt mengsels zoals in het ureumproces voorkomen dan het unrestricted model van Ball. Een nadeel is wel dat Gering zijn methode vergelijkt met die van Blum en niet met de verbeterde versie van het M.S.A.-model van Ball. De expliciete uitdrukkingen voor de shielding factor bieden goede mogelijkheden de benodigde rekentijd sterk te verkorten. Het beste is de methode van Copeman en Stein, maar deze benaderingen moeten voorzichtig toegepast worden. Het is aan te raden voor elk geval te controleren of de benadering geen onacceptabele fout oplevert. Harvey heeft de M.S.A. methode van Blum gebruikt in een groter thermodynamisch geheel om het uitzouten van gassen te voorspellen. Deze methode werkt hiervoor goed.","","; en","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:f8730045-b68b-45cd-a7f5-13ea9336ac48","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f8730045-b68b-45cd-a7f5-13ea9336ac48","Compatibilizers voor polymeermengsels: Literatuur scriptie","Beekmans, F.","Verhoogt, H. (mentor)","1990","Onmengbare systemen van twee of meer polymeren warden compatibel gemaakt met behulp van macromoleculaire compatibilizers. Er zijn twee algemene wegen om compatibiliteit te bereiken. De eerste is het toevoegen van een derde component, welke mengbaar is met of specifieke interacties kan aangaan met de homopolymeren. Hieronder vallen de veel gebruikte blokcopolymeren en de reactieve copolymeren. De tweede route om compatibiliteit te bereiken is het mengen van reactieve polymeren, welke functionele groepen bevatten die een reactie of interactie met elkaar kunnen aangaan. Het toevoegen van een copolymeer (blok of graft) aan een mengsel van twee onmengbare polymeren blijkt een makkelijke en effectieve manier van compatibiliseren: het copolymeer kan tijdens het ""meltblending-proces"" warden ingebracht. Het blijkt dat volgens de beschreven theorie er vooral bij de eerste procenten toegevoegd copolymeer een exponentiele daling plaatsvindt in de deeltjesgrootte ten gevolge van een daling in de grensvlakspanning. Dat dit inderdaad in de praktijk gebeurt, is met een aantal voorbeelden aangetoond. Verder wordt er, wanneer een compatibilizer wordt toegevoegd, ook vaak een bi-continue structuur gevonden. De invloed van het copolymeer manifesteert zich tevens in de mechanische eigenschappen. Het blijkt dat vooral de rek bij breuk, maar ook de treksterkte, toeneemt onder invloed van een compatibilizer. De verklaring wordt toegeschreven aan een combinatie van een goede verankering van de blokken in de homopolymeren en een juiste morfologie (zeer fijne dispersie of bi-continue structuur). De beste resultaten warden bereikt met een copolymeer, waarvan de blokken lang zijn (> lengte homopolymeer) of met een zogenaamd tapered diblokcopolymeer. Bij het toevoegen van een reactief copolymeer of het mengen van twee reactieve polymeren wordt de hechting tussen de twee fasen veroorzaakt door een interactie tussen de functionele groepen. De resultaten ten aanzien van de morfologie en de mechanische eigenschappen zijn vrijwel hetzelfde als bij de blok- en graftcopolymeren. Ook dit is in beide gevallen aangetoond met behulp van voorbeelden.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:71bd4c9c-c15c-4f17-b094-552996c9f712","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:71bd4c9c-c15c-4f17-b094-552996c9f712","GIPS: Vraag en aanbod, toepassingen en kwaliteits-onderzoek om een oplossing voor het nederlandse afvalgips te vinden","van Veen, J.P.W.","","1990","In deze scriptie is een onderzoek verricht naar het aanbod van nederlands chemiegips en de nederlandse vraag naar gips in de bouw. Het nederlandse chemiegips aanbod is 4 a 5 maal zo groot dan de vraag naar gips in de bouw...","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","","",""
"uuid:f7a66abc-14da-4cb5-ba50-f72be0c6e25d","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:f7a66abc-14da-4cb5-ba50-f72be0c6e25d","Polyamide microcapsule vorming door grensvlak polycondensatie","Boersma, A.","","1990","In deze scriptie is de microëncapsulatie door grensvlak polycondensatie bekeken. De nadruk werd vooral gelegd op de vorming van polyamide microcapsules en membranen door de reactie van een diamine met een dizuurchloride. Van het mechanisme van grensvlak polycondensatie werd beschreven waar de reactie plaats vond en welke factoren invloed op de reactie hadden, zoals de gebruikte oplosmiddelen en monomeren, temperatuur, toegevoegde zuuracceptoren en andere additieven. Er bleek dat tijdens de polymerisatie hydrolyse van het dizuurchloride op kon treden, waardoor de reactie beïnvloed werd. De kinetiek van de reactie is bekeken, door deze zo te vertragen, dat de reactiesnelheden meetbaar werden. De membraangroei kon voor een gelijkblijvende concentratie verhouding van de reactanten met een model beschreven worden. Het mechanisme van microcapsule vorming kon in drie stappen beschreven worden. De vorming van capsules kon beïnvloed worden door een verandering in de gebruikte monomeren, de pH en de aanwezigheid van oppervlakte aktieve stoffen. De deeltjesgrootte van de gevormde capsules bleek af te hangen van de temperatuur, de gebruikte monomeer concentratie en de aanwezige additieven. De diffusie van opgeloste stoffen is door verschillende modellen beschreven en hing af van de poriegrootte in het membraan en dus het gebruikte polymeer en de grootte van de diffunderende stoffen. De afgifte van de inhoud van de microcapsules bleek ook beïnvloed te worden door de capsulegrootte, de organische fase en de pH van de waterfase. De diffusie kon ingedeeld worden in twee typen en kon door twee verschillende modellen beschreven worden.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:c14a08d4-338f-409e-9861-d5575213ae76","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:c14a08d4-338f-409e-9861-d5575213ae76","Core-shell waterafdunbare dispersies (latices): latex-deeltje","van Woerkens, P.H.","","1990","In deze scriptie worden de zogenaamde core-shell latices behandeld. Het kenmerk van dit soort latices is, dat de core oftewel de kern van de polymeerdeeltjes een andere polymeersamenstelling hebben dan de shell oftewel de schil. De volgende aspecten van dit onderwerp zal aan de orde komen: - Bereidingsmethoden; - Analyse technieken om de core-shell latices te karakteriseren; Morfologie van de core-shell deeltjes en filmeigenschappen van deze latices; - Theorie van de emulsiepolymerisatie; - Historische achtergrond. Om zulke deeltjes te bereiden blijkt in de praktijk niet al te makkelijk te zijn. Problemen die op kunnen treden zijn: - Scheiding van de polymeerfasen ; - Vorming van een tweede generatie deeltjes; - Interdiffusie van core en shell. Het eerste probleem, de fasescheiding, wordt veroorzaakt door de incompatibiliteit en verschil in hydrofiliteit van het core en shell-polymeer. Het meest hydrofiele polymeer heeft de neiging om naar het oppervlak te migreren, omdat het medium uit water bestaat. Deze fasescheiding kan verschillende deeltjesvormen tot gevolg hebben, zoals braam-,sandwich-en sneeuwpopachtige vormen. Ook kan er een omkering van het core en shell-polymeer plaatsvinden, waardoor uiteindelijk toch weer een core-shell gevormd wordt. Het tweede probleem, de vorming van nieuwe· deeltjes bij polymerisatie van het snell-monomeer op de core, heeft als bijkomend negatief effect dat de core-polymeerdeeltjes niet goed bedekt worden. Deze scriptie werd geschreven als een onderdeel van de studie Scheikundige Technologie aan de TU Delft en is bedoeld als voorbereiding op het afstuderen.","","nl","student report","","","","","","","","","Applied Sciences","Scheikundige Technologie en der Materiaalkunde","","Technologie van Macromoleculaire Stoffen","",""
"uuid:af602080-a272-4f73-81b2-cc7395e9c4a9","http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:af602080-a272-4f73-81b2-cc7395e9c4a9","High Pressure Fluid Phase Equilibria in of Polyethylene + Ethylene","Ledderhof, B.J.W.","de Loos, W. (mentor); de Swaan Arons, J. (mentor)","1990","Cloudpoint curves of polyethylene/ethylene systems were measured for a number of polyethylene samples (LDPE, HDPE, Dowlex 2045 and ECO) at temperatures of 390-530 K and pressures of 100- 200 MPa. The influence of molecular weight distribution and chain branching on the cloudpoint curves was studied. It was found that the width of the molecular weight distribution has no influence on the cloudpoint curves of the polyethylene samples used in this work (3.96