Reciprocity-based passive monitoring with individual sources

Time-lapse changes in the subsurface can be analyzed by comparing seismic reflection data from two different states, one serving as the base survey and the second as the monitor survey. Conventionally, reflection data are acquired by placing active seismic sources at the acquisition surface. Alternatively, these data can be acquired from passive...

Passive body-wave interferometric imaging with directionally constrained migration

Passive seismic interferometry enables the estimation of the reflection response of the subsurface using passive receiver recordings at the surface from sources located deep in the Earth. Interferometric imaging makes use of this retrieved reflection response in order to study the subsurface. Successful interferometric imaging relies on the...

Full-field multidimensional deconvolution to retrieve body-wave reflections from sparse passive sources

Our objective is to complement lithospheric seismic tomography with an interferometric method to retrieve high-resolution reflectivity images from local earthquake recordings. The disadvantage of using local earthquakes for the retrieval of reflected body-waves is their usual sparse distribution. We propose an alternative formulation of passive...

Full-field MDD for body-wave reflections from passive transient-sources under severely limited and irregular illumination conditions

Seismic interferometry (SI) presents a set of inexpensive and noninvasive methods that can be applied to any array at the surface to retrieve virtual body-wave reflection responses from earthquake recordings. Conventional SI by cross-correlation requires recordings of wavefields in lossless media generated by a smooth continuous distribution of...

Wavefield decomposition of field data, using a shallow horizontal downhole sensor array and a free-surface constraint

Separation of recorded wavefields into downgoing and upgoing constituents is a technique that is used in many geophysical methods. The conventional, multi-component (MC) wavefield decomposition scheme makes use of different recorded wavefield components. In recent years, land acquisition designs have emerged that make use of shallow horizontal...

Interferometric reservoir monitoring with a single passive source

Changes in the subsurface can be imaged by subtracting seismic reflection data at two different states, one serving as the initial survey or base, and the second as the monitor survey. Conventionally, the reflection data are acquired by placing active seismic sources at the acquisition surface. Alternatively, these data can be acquired from...

Turning One-sided Illumination into Two-sided Illumination by Target-enclosing Interferometric Redatuming

We present a novel method to transform seismic data with sources at the surface and receivers above and below a selected target zone in the subsurface into virtual data with sources and receivers located at the initial receiver locations. The method is based on inverting a series of multidimensional equations of the convolution- and the...

Seismic interferometry by midpoint integration

With seismic interferometry reflections can be retrieved between station positions. In the classical form, the reflections are retrieved by an integration over sources. For a specific dataset, however, the actual source distribution might not be sufficient to approximate the source integral. Yet, there might be a dense distribution of receivers...