Extending Winding Function Theory to Incorporate Secondary Effects in the Design of Induction Machines and Drives

High-performance electric drive applications necessitate a high fidelity model to predict the terminal characteristics of machines in the design stage to fulfill a system-level evaluation together with the converters. This article interprets winding function theory (WFT) from the field perspective and incorporates secondary effects, such as...

Design of singularity-free fixed-time fault-tolerant control for HFVs with guaranteed asymmetric time-varying flight state constraints

This article solves the fixed-time trajectory tracking problem for hypersonic flight vehicles (HFVs) encountered with diverse actuator faults and asymmetric envelope constraints. In contrast to the state of the art, the crucial characteristics of our design lie in obviating the explosion of complexity of the conventional recursive design, and...

Torque Production Limit of Surface Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines and their Electromagnetic Scalability

In view of the increasing demand in torque density, this article propounds the idea of looking for an upper bound of the torque production and average shear stress for surface permanent magnet (SPM) synchronous machines. The derivation is based on the assumption of an infinite permeability of the iron core and employs the transfer relation...

Research on the natural hazard emergency cooperation behavior between governments and social organizations based on the hybrid mechanism of incentive and linkage in China

Social organizations have become an important component of the emergency management system by virtue of their heterogeneous resource advantages. It is of great significance to explore the interaction between the local government and social organizations and to clarify the key factors affecting the participation of social organizations in natural...

Barrier Lypunov functions-based nonsingular fixed-time switching control for strict-feedback nonlinear dynamics with full state constraints

This work proposes a nonsingular adaptive fixed-time switching control method for a class of strict-feedback nonlinear dynamics subject to full state constraints. The peculiarity of this design lies in overcoming the singularity issue that typically appears in the existing backstepping-based fixed-time control methods caused by the iterative...

Investigation into Multi-Phase Armature Windings for High-Temperature Superconducting Wind Turbine Generators

High-Temperature superconducting (HTS) generators are being considered as a competitive candidate in large direct-drive (DD) wind turbines because of their features of being lightweight and compact. Normally a large air gap is inevitable in partially HTS generators, sacrificing the torque producing capability. In this paper, multi-phase...

Performance of Multi-Layer and Stator-Shifting Fractional-Slot Concentrated Windings for Superconducting Wind Turbine Generators under Normal and Short-Circuit Operation Conditions

High temperature superconducting (HTS) generators are being considered for large offshore direct-drive (DD) wind turbines as they are expected to be lightweight and compact. However, short circuit torques of an HTS generator with integral-slot distributed windings (ISDWs) are too high for wind turbine constructions, mainly due to the large...

A sectoral eco-efficiency analysis on urban-industrial symbiosis

Urban-industrial symbiosis (UIS) is an important system innovation via sectors integration, and has been widely recognized as a novel pathway for achieving regional eco-industrial development. Eco-efficiency, as a mature approach and indicator, offers an effective tool to uncover both the status and trends of such a transformation. However,...

A novel method to evaluate cleaning quality of oil in shale using pyrolysis pyrogram

Complete and thorough core cleaning is a critical prerequisite for the precise measurements of most rock's petrophysical parameters. In shale, the oil cleaning process, aimed to remove the volatile hydrocarbons, is often complicated by the requirement for intact solid organic. Evaluation of shale's cleaning methods needs to take structural...

A Novel Disturbance Observer Design for a Larger Class of Nonlinear Strict-Feedback Systems via Improved DSC Technique

A novel scheme for disturbance observer is designed for an extended class of strict-feedback nonlinear systems with possibly unbounded, non-smooth, and state-independent compounded disturbance. To overcome these problems in disturbance observer design, the typical slide mode differentiators are improved by introducing hyperbolic tangent...

Relational model of accidents and vessel traffic using AIS Data and GIS: A case study of the Western port of Shenzhen City

Following the growth in global trade activities, vessel traffic has increased dramatically in some busy waterways and ports. However, such increments have made it more complex to manage the regional vessel traffic, which can increase the risk of an accident in the area. To model and analyze the relationship between vessel traffic and maritime...