Groundwater induced advective cooling of an ash-flow sheet: Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes, Alaska

The Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes (VTTS) in Alaska was filled by a voluminous ash-flow tuff in 1912. In 1987 the chloride rich mid-valley thermal springs (MVTS) were discovered, indicating a persistent heat source at depth. A previous study proposed that the heat source is a cooling welded tuff unit (Keith et al., 1992). Discharge, temperature,...