Using Real Building Energy Use Data to Explain the Energy Performance Gap of Energy-Efficient Residential Buildings: A Case Study from the Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zone in China

The International Energy Agency (IEA) emphasizes that using real building energy use data (RBEUD) to reflect the actual condition of buildings and inform policy-making is the most effective way to reduce buildings’ carbon emissions. However, based on IEA’s evaluation, regional and national building stock data are limited and lacking. Especially...

Highly efficient carbon assimilation and nitrogen/phosphorus removal facilitated by photosynthetic O₂ from algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge under controlled DO/pH operation

Reducing CO₂ emission and energy consumption is crucial for the sustainable management of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In this study, an algal-bacterial aerobic granular sludge (AGS) system was developed for efficient carbon (C) assimilation and nitrogen (N)/phosphorus (P) removal without the need for mechanical aeration....

Reverse Recovery Optimization of Multiepi Superjunction MOSFET Based on Tunable Doping Profile

This paper proposes and simulates research on the reverse recovery characteristics of two novel superjunction (SJ) MOSFETs by adjusting the doping profile. In the manufacturing process of the SJ MOSFET using multilayer epitaxial deposition (MED), the position and concentration of each Boron bubble can be adjusted by designing different doping...

A Novel High-temperature Pressure Sensor Based on Graphene Coated by Si3N4

The high-temperature pressure sensors have wide applications in aerospace, petroleum, geothermal exploration, automotive electronics, and other fields. However, the traditional silicon-based pressure sensors are restricted to pressure measurement under 120~{\circ }\text{C} and cannot be satisfied to measure the pressure of various gases or...

Investigation on Transient Failure Mode of Asymmetric Trench Gate SiC MOSFET Under Single-Pulse Avalanche Stress

In this article, the avalanche withstand capability and transient failure model of commercial 1200 V asymmetric trench gate SiC MOSFETs are investigated by experiment and simulation under single-pulse unclamped inductive switching (UIS) conditions. The limiting avalanche current and limiting avalanche energy of the device are determined by...

Prediction of mechanical solutions for a laminated LCEs system fusing an analytical model and neural networks

This paper presents a convenient and efficient method to predict the mechanical solutions of a laminated Liquid Crystal Elastomers (LCEs) system subjected to combined thermo-mechanical load, based on a back propagation (BP) neural network which is trained by machine learning from a database established by analytical solutions. Firstly, the...

A neural network-assisted 3D theoretical thermoelastic solution for laminated liquid crystal elastomer plate used in restoring cardiac mechanical function

Some atrial contractile assist devices applied on the heart surface can be regarded as a laminated Liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) plate under steady temperature loads and a contact mechanical force. An exact solution for the deformation of the laminated LCE plate under combined thermal and mechanical loads is derived by solving the three...

A novel dynamical collaborative optimization method of ship energy consumption based on a spatial and temporal distribution analysis of voyage data

It is of significant importance to optimize the energy consumption of ships in order to improve economy and reduce CO₂ emissions. However, the energy use of ships is affected by a series of navigational environmental parameters, which have certain spatial and temporal differences and variability. Therefore, the dynamic...

A novel bi-level distributed dynamic optimization method of ship fleets energy consumption

The optimization of ship energy consumption is attracting a great deal of attention, as societies seek to save energy and reduce emissions. Shipping companies are more concerned with the energy consumption of a ship fleet, as opposed to that of a single ship. Because the energy consumption of a fleet is influenced by multiple factors...

A novel method for joint optimization of the sailing route and speed considering multiple environmental factors for more energy efficient shipping

Energy saving and emission reduction have attracted a great deal of attention in the maritime industry. The optimization of a ship's energy efficiency can reduce energy consumption and CO₂ emissions effectively. However, most of the available studies only focus on either the sailing speed or route optimization, and the interaction...

Preparation of a poly(acrylic acid) based hydrogel with fast adsorption rate and high adsorption capacity for the removal of cationic dyes

A biocompatible Dex-MA/PAA hydrogel was prepared through copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate substituted dextran (Dex-MA) with acrylic acid (AA), which was applied as the adsorbent to remove cationic dyes from aqueous solutions. Dex-MA/PAA hydrogel presented a fast adsorption rate and the removal efficiency of Methylene Blue (MB) and...

Chitosan cross-linked poly(acrylic acid) hydrogels: drug release control and mechanism

Chitosan has been used to cross-link poly(acrylic acid) to give three pH-sensitive hydrogels designed to control the release of the drugs amoxicillin and meloxicam. The extent of cross-linking and solution pH was found to dominate the swelling behavior of these hydrogels as shown by scanning electron microscopy and swelling time dependencies....

Integrity monitoring-based ratio test for GNSS integer ambiguity validation

The combination of multiple global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) is able to improve the accuracy and reliability, which is beneficial for navigation in safety–critical applications. Due to the relatively low accuracy of pseudorange observations, the single-epoch GNSS real-time kinematic (RTK) using phase observations can be utilized to...

Evaluation of Plastic Deformation During Metal Forming by Using Lode Parameter

In the present research, the relationship between the strain increment and Lode parameter was obtained by using Lode parameter and Levy-Mises equation. The quantitative relation between different strain increments was presented and the relationship between plastic deformation types and Lode parameter was demonstrated. The relations between...