A shift from chemical oxygen demand to total organic carbon for stringent industrial wastewater regulations: Utilization of organic matter characteristics

From 2022, industrial wastewater discharge regulations in South Korea will replace chemical oxygen demand (COD_Mn) with total organic carbon (TOC). A shift from COD_Mn to TOC is a pioneering change in protecting water bodies from organic contaminants. However, several industries are struggling to meet these TOC...

Tetrameric architecture of an active phenol-bound form of the AAA⁺ transcriptional regulator DmpR

The Pseudomonas putida phenol-responsive regulator DmpR is a bacterial enhancer binding protein (bEBP) from the AAA⁺ ATPase family. Even though it was discovered more than two decades ago and has been widely used for aromatic hydrocarbon sensing, the activation mechanism of DmpR has remained elusive. Here, we show that phenol-bound...

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide as a photocatalyst

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) is a key redox compound in all living cells responsible for energy transduction, genomic integrity, life-span extension, and neuromodulation. Here, we report a new function of NAD⁺ as a molecular photocatalyst in addition to the biological roles. Our spectroscopic and...

Porous Metal-Organic Framework CUK-1 for Adsorption Heat Allocation toward Green Applications of Natural Refrigerant Water

The development of new water adsorbents that are hydrothermally stable and can operate more efficiently than existing materials is essential for the advancement of water adsorption-driven chillers. Most of the existing benchmark materials and related systems in this field suffer from clear limitations that must be overcome to meet global...

Biocatalytic C=C Bond Reduction through Carbon Nanodot-Sensitized Regeneration of NADH Analogues

Light-driven activation of redox enzymes is an emerging route for sustainable chemical synthesis. Among redox enzymes, the family of Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) dependent on the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide cofactor (NADH) catalyzes the stereoselective reduction of α,β-unsaturated hydrocarbons. Here, we report OYE-catalyzed asymmetric...

Ergonomic evaluation of pilot oxygen mask designs

A revised pilot oxygen mask design was developed for better fit to the Korean Air Force pilots’ faces. The present study compared an existing pilot oxygen mask and a prototype of the revised mask design with 88 Korean Air Force pilots in terms of subjective discomfort, facial contact pressure, and slip distance on the face in high gravity....

Carbon Nanotube-Graphitic Carbon Nitride Hybrid Films for Flavoenzyme-Catalyzed Photoelectrochemical Cells

In green plants, solar-powered electrons are transferred through sophistically arranged photosystems and are subsequently channelled into the Calvin cycle to generate chemical energy. Inspired by the natural photosynthetic scheme, a photoelectrochemical cell (PEC) is constructed configured with protonated graphitic carbon nitride (p-g-C<sub>3...

Study on added resistance of a tanker in head waves at different drafts

Reduction of propeller cavitation induced hull exciting pressure by a reflected wave from air-bubble layer

Origin of an enhanced colossal magnetoresistance effect in epitaxial Nd0.52Sr0.48MnO3 thin films

Nd0.52Sr0.48MnO3 films of various thicknesses have been prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on single crystal LaAlO3 (001) substrates. Reducing the film thickness leads to a significant suppression of ferromagnetic (FM) ordering and the Curie point falls below the antiferromagnetic (AFM) transition temperature. When this occurs, a huge rise of...

Evidence of non-Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya ferromagnetism in epitaxial BiFeO3 films

X-ray diffraction analysis and high-resolution electron microscopy of BiFeO3 films prepared by dc magnetron sputtering on single-crystal LaAlO3 (001) substrates reveal that the films have a highly c-oriented orthorhombic crystalline structure. The magnetic properties of the BiFeO3 films are typical of ensembles of interacting superparamagnetic...

Two-dimensional growth, anisotropic polaron transport, and magnetic phase segregation in epitaxial Nd0.52Sr0.48MnO3 films

Nd0.52Sr0.48MnO3 films have been fabricated by dc magnetron sputtering on single-crystal LaAlO3 (001) and SrTiO3 (011) substrates with additional annealing to relax the lattice strain. Although the Nd0.52Sr0.48MnO3 films were deposited simultaneously on different substrates at the same deposition rate, they differ in thickness by a factor of ? ....

Near field imaging of terahertz focusing onto rectangular apertures

We performed terahertz near-field experiments on single rectangular holes with various lengths grown on an electro-optic crystal substrate with ?/100 resolution. We find that the near-field amplitude becomes proportionally larger as the rectangle becomes narrower, strongly suggesting that a constant energy passes through even for a very narrow...

Microstructures and the corresponding magnetic properties of half-doped Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 films

The microstructural and magnetic properties of amorphous, nanoclustered, and self-organized bilayer Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 films, prepared by rf magnetron sputtering, are investigated. The amorphous film was found to be a typical paramagnet with free motion of the individual Mn spins, and the magnetic properties are well described on the basis of the...

Fourier-transform terahertz near-field imaging of one-dimensional slit arrays: Mapping of electric-field-, magnetic-field-, and Poynting vectors

We present 2D measurements of the full THz electric field behind a sample consisting of multiple slits in a metal foil. Our measurements, which have a sub-wavelength spatial, and a sub-period temporal resolution, reveal electric field lines, electric field vortices and saddle points. From our measurements we are able to reconstruct the magnetic...

Shape resonance omni-directional terahertz filters with near-unity transmittance

Terahertz transmission filters have been manufactured by perforating metal films with various geometric shapes using femtosecond laser machining. Two dimensional arrays of square, circular, rectangular, cshaped, and epsilon-shaped holes all support over 99% transmission at specific frequencies determined by geometric shape, symmetry,...

Microstructural and magnetotransport properties of La0.7Ca0.3MnO3/BaTiO3 and La0.7Sr0.3MnO3/BaTiO3 bilayered films