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van Leeuwen, J.K. (author), Landman, H.M. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), Mumaw, Randall J. (author), Stroosma, O. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Previous research indicated a need to improve pilot training with regard to understanding of autopilot logic and behavior, especially in non-routine situations. Therefore, we tested the effect of problem-based exploratory training on pilots’ understanding of autopilot functions. Using a moving-base flight simulator, general aviation pilots (n...
journal article 2024
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Jakimovska, N. (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
An improved understanding of pilot’s control behavior adaptations in response to sudden changes in the vehicle dynamics is essential for realizing adaptive support systems that remain effective when task characteristics suddenly change. In this paper, we replicate, extend, and validate the ‘adaptive pilot model’ proposed by Hess to verify its...
conference paper 2023
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Vasilopoulos, V.G. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), in 't Veld, A.C. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
The Continuous Descent Approach (CDA) offers reduced aircraft noise emissions and fuel consumption, but the obstacle limiting it to reduced traffic density conditions, is the low predictability of the trajectory and Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA). The solution proposed by this research is to develop a pilot support interface to facilitate the...
conference paper 2023
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Masuda, Ryosuke (author), Hashimoto, Y. (author), Mulder, Max (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Kano, Manabu (author)
Accurate process control through automation is the key to achieving efficient and stable operation of a blast furnace. In this study, we developed an automatic control system of hot metal temperature (HMT). To cope with the slow and complex process dynamics of the blast furnace, we constructed a control algorithm that predicts eight-hour...
journal article 2023
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van der El, Kasper (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
In the design of human-like steering support systems, driver models are essential for matching the supporting automation's behavior to that of the human driver. However, current driver models are very limited in capturing the driver's adaptation to key task variables such as road width and visibility (i.e., 'preview' of the road ahead). This...
journal article 2023
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de Rooij, G. (author), van Baelen, D. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Haptic cues on the side stick are a promising method to reduce loss of control in-flight incidents. They can be intuitively interpreted and provide immediate support, leading to a shared control system. However, haptic interfaces are limited in providing information, and the reason for cues may not always be clear to pilots. This study presents...
journal article 2023
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de Rooij, G. (author), Stienstra, A. (author), Borst, C. (author), Tisza, A. B. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
To alleviate the workload of air traffic controllers, part of the air traffic may be handled by a future automated system. When deciding which flights to delegate, a distinction can be made between basic and non-basic flights, with the former being prime candidates for delegation. The human controller can then focus on the non-basic flights,...
conference paper 2023
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de Rooij, G. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
In academic air traffic control research, traffic scenarios are often repeated to increase the sample size and enable paired-sample comparisons, e.g., between different display variants. This comes with the risk that participants recognize scenarios and consequently recall the desired response. In this paper we provide an overview of mitigation...
conference paper 2023
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Hashimoto, Y. (author), Masuda, Ryosuke (author), Mulder, Max (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author)
To achieve the automation of blast furnace operation, an automatic control system for hot metal temperature (HMT) was developed. Nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) which predicts up to ten-hour-ahead HMT and calculates appropriate control actions of pulverized coal rate (PCR) was constructed. Simulation validation showed that the NMPC...
journal article 2022
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Wijlens, R. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author), Takamatsu, Atsushi (author), Makita, Mitsuhiro (author), Wada, Takahiro (author)
Without intervention the widespread adoption of autonomous vehicles could be compromised by an increased incidence of motion sickness compared to conventional cars. To investigate whether passengers' motion sickness can be reduced by manipulating an autonomous vehicle's accelerations on a fixed route without altering the travel time, a human...
journal article 2022
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Mulder, Max (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van der El, Kasper (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author)
Cyberneticists develop mathematical human control models which are used to tune manual control systems and understand human performance limits. Neuroscientists explore the physiology and circuitry of the central nervous system to understand how the brain works. Both research human visuomotor control tasks, such as the pursuit tracking task....
journal article 2022
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de Rooij, G. (author), Tisza, A. B. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
In the quest for more efficient air traffic management, a common approach is to allocate an increasing amount of functionality to higher levels of automation, with a supervisory role for humans. This potentially leads to forthcoming issues such as skill degradation and out-of-the-loop phenomenon. If the traffic in an airspace is instead shared...
conference paper 2022
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Mulder, Max (author), Pool, D.M. (author), van der El, Kasper (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author)
Mathematical human control models are widely used in tuning manual control systems and understanding human performance. Human behavior is commonly described using linear time-invariant models, averaging-out all non-linear and time-varying effects, which are gathered into the remnant. These models are limited in their capability to capture...
journal article 2022
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IJtsma, Martijn (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Air traffic controller workload is a limiting factor in the current air traffic management system. Adaptive support systems have the potential to balance controller workload and gain acceptance as they provide support during times of need. Challenges in the design of adaptive support systems are to decide when and how to trigger support. The...
journal article 2022
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van Baelen, D. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Modern aircraft can be equipped with a flight envelope protection system: automation which modifies pilot control inputs to ensure that the aircraft remains within the allowable limits. Overruling the pilot inputs may lead to mode confusion, even when visual or auditory feedback is provided to alert pilots. We advocate using active control...
journal article 2021
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van Paassen, M.M. (author), Reitsma, J.P. (author), Huijbrechts, Erik-Jan A. M. (author), Borst, C. (author), Landman, H.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
In the analysis of human performance and human error, considerable attention is given to the cognitive processes of actors involved in error or success scenarios. Even with awareness of hindsight bias, it takes effort to understand the actions of agents in later inspection of error scenarios. One such topic of heated discussion was the perceived...
conference paper 2021
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de Rooij, G. (author), Borst, C. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Allocation is a challenge for higher levels of automation in air traffic control, where flights can be dynamically assigned to either a human or an automated agent. Through an exploratory experiment with six professional air traffic controllers, insight was gained into the possibilities and challenges of human-automation teamwork in an en-route...
conference paper 2021
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van Baelen, D. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Ellerbroek, Joost (author), Abbink, D.A. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Modern aircraft use a variety of fly-by-wire control devices and combine these with a flight envelope protection system to limit pilot control inputs when approaching the aircraft limits. The current research project aims to increase pilot awareness of such a protection system through the use of force feedback on the control device, i.e.,...
conference paper 2021
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Landman, H.M. (author), van den Hoed, Annemarie (author), van Baelen, D. (author), Stroosma, O. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Groen, Eric L. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
Ground-based demonstration of spatial disorientation (SD) has been recommended for military as well as commercial pilot training. Although the leans illusion is the most common form of SD, no data exist yet of an effective ground-based leans procedure for a hexapod simulator. In this paper we describe the development of such a procedure and its...
conference paper 2021
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Reitsma, J.P. (author), van Paassen, M.M. (author), Borst, C. (author), Mulder, Max (author)
In-flight non-normal events can be rather taxing for a flight crew. Numerous tasks, often competing for attention, need to be handled adequately after which, the best plan of action for the remainder of the flight needs to be determined. In the light of recent developments towards reduced crew operations, the demand for reducing workload has...
conference paper 2021
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