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Kramer, O. (author), Jobse, M.A. (author), Baars, E.T. (author), van der Helm, A.W.C. (author), Colin, M.G. (author), Kors, L.J. (author), van Vugt, W.H. (author)
Softening at drinking water treatment plants is often realised by fluidised bed pellet reactors. Generally, sand is used as seeding material and pellets are produced as a by-product. To improve to sustainability, research has been carried out to replace the seeding material by re-using grained and sieved calcite pellets as seeding material. An...
conference paper 2015
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Hofs, B (author), Baars, ET (author), Palmen, LJ (author), Elings, JA (author), Kors, L.J. (author), Kramer, O.J.I. (author), Koppers, H (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author)
About 50% of the drinking water in the Netherlands is centrally softened by the drinking water companies in a process known as pellet softening. In this process a base and seeding material are mixed in an upflow reactor, where subsequently CaCO3 precipitates on a seed core as pellets. The seeding material is usually sand, but recently CaCO3 was...
conference paper 2015
document
Palmen, LJ (author), Schetters, M.J.A. (author), van der Hoek, J.P. (author), Kramer, O.J.I. (author), Kors, L.J. (author), Hofs, B (author), Koppers, H (author)
In The Netherlands, 50% of the drinking water is treated with pellet softening for various reasons: i) public health (heavy metal solubility), ii) costs (warm water device maintenance, energy and soap requirement), iii) environmental benefits (energy and soap requirement) and iv) customer comfort (scaling) [2]. Calcium carbonate crystallizes on...
poster 2014
document
Most, H. van der (author), Kors, A.G. (author), Duel, H. (author)
report 1999
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