Identifying downstream gains from local losses: A new set of methods for tracking water reuse across river basins

Downstream reuse of previously withdrawn water resources is a common phenomenon across river basins worldwide, particularly those with (semi-)arid climate conditions and intensive water resources development. Water reuse often occurs unplanned, remains undetected, and as a result is insufficiently considered in water saving attempts, water...

Ceramic material under ballistic loading: A numerical approach to sphere impact on ceramic armour material

Armour systems for ballistic protection can be made from many materials. One type of material used in armour systems is ceramic. Ceramic materials, such as alumina and silicon carbide, can be beneficial in an armour system because of their high hardness and relatively low weight. The high hardness of the ceramic potentially causes a projectile...

Chemoenzymatic cascade processes for sustainable organic synthesis

Chemical production processes often require wasteful and expensive isolation as well as purification of intermediates. Catalytic cascades offer a unique opportunity to eliminate these inefficient and polluting steps, in particular when carefully orchestrated, involving enzymes and chemocatalysts. This thesis describes our efforts towards a...

Multi-channel services for click and mortars: Development of a design method

The rise of Internet commerce led to multiple predictions of disintermediation and the decline of physical shopping. However, a "click and mortar" approach, which combines online, offline and telephone contact, has added value for customers and for supplier profitability, as recent research confirms. Our research objective was to help...

Design Considerations for Very High Speed Electron Beam Writing

Conditional recurring sequences

The application of eikonal functions in the practice of optical design