Carbon deposition in porous nickel/yttria-stabilized zirconia anode under methane atmosphere

A commercial solid oxide fuel cell with a Ni/YSZ anode was characterized under a pure methane atmosphere. The amount of deposited carbon increased with an increase in temperature but decreased when the temperature exceeded 700°C. The reactivity of carbon decreased with increasing deposition temperature. Filamentous carbon was deposited from...

Boron doping induced thermal conductivity enhancement of water-based 3C-Si(B)C nanofluids

In this paper, the fabrication and thermal conductivity (TC) of water-based nanofluids using boron (B)-doped SiC as dispersions are reported. Doping B into the <i>β</i>-SiC phase leads to the shrinkage of the SiC lattice due to the substitution of Si atoms (0.134 nm radius) by smaller B atoms (0.095 nm radius). The presence of B in the SiC...

Synthesis of Al₄SiC₄ powders via carbothermic reduction: Reaction and grain growth mechanisms

Highly pure Al₄SiC₄ powders were prepared by carbothermic reduction at 2173 K using Al₂O₃, SiO₂, and graphite as raw materials. The obtained Al₄SiC₄ powders owned hexagonal plate-like grains with a diameter of about 200–300 μm and a thickness of about 2–6 μm. Based...

Blind predictions of DNA and RNA tweezers experiments with force and torque

Single-molecule tweezers measurements of double-stranded nucleic acids (dsDNA and dsRNA) provide unprecedented opportunities to dissect how these fundamental molecules respond to forces and torques analogous to those applied by topoisomerases, viral capsids, and other biological partners. However, tweezers data are still most commonly...

Effects of Metallic Contacts on Electron Transport through Graphene

We report on a first-principles study of the conductance through graphene suspended between Al contacts as a function of junction length, width, and orientation. The charge transfer at the leads and into the freestanding section gives rise to an electron-hole asymmetry in the conductance and in sufficiently long junctions induces two conductance...

Shubnikov–de Haas Effect in the Metallic State of Na0.3CoO2

Shubnikov–de Haas oscillations for two well-defined frequencies, corresponding, respectively, to areas of 0.8 and 1.36% of the first Brillouin zone, were observed in single crystals of Na0.3CoO2. The existence of Na superstructures in Na0.3CoO2, coupled with this observation, suggests the possibility that the periods are due to the...

Accurate predictions of chemical phenomena in chemically reacting flows

In the past decade, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) community has put increasing attention on incorporating complex chemistry and physics into CFD simulations. However, for many practicing engineers today there is still much lacking in the effectiveness of reacting-flow simulation. Particularly in the area of combustion, the results can...

Ship motions and capsizing in astern seas

Capsizing experiments in San Francisco Bay