Geographic objects: Theory or technology driven?

This article aims to compare the geo-graphic (spatial) objects in 2D (planar objects) proposed by CON.G.O.O. and ISO standards, and the ability of a number of GIS software to handle them. The results achieved so far showed that the actual technical possibilities are not always sufficient to support the complex spatial objects proposed by CON.G.O.O.

Evaluation of an integrated GIS-based crime analysis & 3D modelling for Izmir-Konak municipality

GIS integrated 3D modelling is crucial for the city planning and design processes because urban modelling is a tool used in virtual environments, and provides convenience to work. Although, the creation and display of 3D city models for large regions is difficult it is vital for planning and designing safer cities, as well as public places....

Estimating ground surface motion from historical maps: A case study in the Zuid-Limburg mining area from 1914 till 1974

This study shows how historical topographic maps of the Zuid-Limburg mining area can be used to estimate the effects of mining activities on vertical ground surface motion. Coal has been the most important energy supplier for the Netherlands from the 19th century until the discovery of the large Slochteren gas field. After 1960, mining of coal...

Automatic enhancement of CityGML LoD2 models with interiors and its usability for net internal area determination

Where Level of Detail (LoD) allow City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) models to be shared over different application domains, only one LoD defines building interiors. As there are potentially numerous applications with a need for building interiors (but not with all the details as defined in LoD4), in order to attain a larger applicability...