The ­Integration of LADM and IndoorGML to Support the Indoor ­Navigation Based on the User Access Rights

Indoor navigation applications are actively investigated and developed due to their capacity to provide users with essential information in the modern extensive building complexes. Therefore, many researchers have developed a range of indoor navigation applications, which have focused on aspects such as localization, indoor route computation,...

Towards indoorgml 2.0: Updates and case study illustrations

Indoor environments differ from outdoor in many aspects. This, added to the limitations faced by other common standards for urban features reinforced the need of setting a dedicated standard for indoor applications. IndoorGML was born in this context to provide the basic concepts, data models, and standard that meet the requirements of indoor...

LADM-IndoorGML for exploring user movements in evacuation exercise

The users' movements in the indoor environments differ based on the condition of the environments. During an indoor emergency, an efficient evacuation is required to help the users to move to the safe areas. Many types of incidents could impact the movements of users and this requires studying the behavior of the people during the evacuation....

Using the combined LADM-IndoorGML model to support building evacuation

During an incident, many people that are located in indoor environments require to follow emergency evacuation procedures. The ‘emergency evacuation’ term has been defined as ‘a critical movement of people from a dangerous area due to the risk or an incident of a tragic event’ (Bonabeau, 2002). An emergency evacuation could be needed in a...