Automated Radiographic Measurements of Knee Osteoarthritis

Objective: Herewith, we report the development of Orthopedic Digital Image Analysis (ODIA) software that is developed to obtain quantitative measurements of knee osteoarthritis (OA) radiographs automatically. Manual segmentation and measurement of OA parameters currently hamper large-cohort analyses, and therefore, automated and reproducible...

Topographic features of nano-pores within the osteochondral interface and their effects on transport properties –a 3D imaging and modeling study

Recent insights suggest that the osteochondral interface plays a central role in maintaining healthy articulating joints. Uncovering the underlying transport mechanisms is key to the understanding of the cross-talk between articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Here, we describe the mechanisms that facilitate transport at the osteochondral...

Predicting the mechanical hip–knee–ankle angle accurately from standard knee radiographs: a cross-validation experiment in 100 patients

Background and purpose — Being able to predict the hip–knee–ankle angle (HKAA) from standard knee radiographs allows studies on malalignment in cohorts lacking full-limb radiography. We aimed to develop an automated image analysis pipeline to measure the femoro-tibial angle (FTA) from standard knee radiographs and test various FTA definitions...

Three-dimensional analysis of shape variations and symmetry of the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus

The bones forming the talocrural joint (TCJ) and subtalar joint (STJ) are often assumed to be bilaterally symmetric. Therefore, the contralateral limb (i.e. the fibula, tibia, calcaneus and talus) is used as a template or an intra-subject control in clinical and research practice. However, the validity of the symmetry assumption is...

Bone texture analysis for prediction of incident radiographic hip osteoarthritis using machine learning: data from the Cohort Hip and Cohort Knee (CHECK) study

Objective: To assess the ability of radiography-based bone texture variables in proximal femur and acetabulum to predict incident radiographic hip osteoarthritis (rHOA) over a 10 years period. Design: Pelvic radiographs from CHECK at baseline (987 hips) were analyzed for bone texture using fractal signature analysis (FSA) in proximal femur...

Aging does not change the compressive stiffness of mandibular condylar cartilage in horses

Objective: Aging can cause an increase in the stiffness of hyaline cartilage as a consequence of increased protein crosslinks. By induction of crosslinking, a reduction in the diffusion of solutions into the hyaline cartilage has been observed. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the effects of aging on the biophysical and biochemical...

Non-enzymatic cross-linking of collagen type II fibrils is tuned via osmolality switch

An important aspect in cartilage ageing is accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) after exposure to sugars. Advanced glycation results in cross-links formation between the collagen fibrils in articular cartilage, hampering their flexibility and making cartilage more brittle. In the current study, we investigate whether...

Multi-physics computational models of articular cartilage for estimation of its mechanical and physical properties

Recent advances in the realm of computational modeling of complex multiphysics phenomena in articular cartilage enabled efficient and precise determination of articular cartilage properties. However, still accurate quantification of complicated indentation and diffusion processes tying closely with the inhomogeneity of articular cartilage...

Combined inverse-forward artificial neural networks for fast and accurate estimation of the diffusion coefficients of cartilage based on multi-physics models

Analytical and numerical methods have been used to extract essential engineering parameters such as elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, permeability and diffusion coefficient from experimental data in various types of biological tissues. The major limitation associated with analytical techniques is that they are often only applicable to problems...