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Feng, Z. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author), Liu, Y. (author)Wind turbines may experience local weather perturbation, which is not taken into account by the commonly-used wind turbine simulation packages. Without this information, it is extremely challenging to evaluate the controller performance with regard to the effect of the variation of local atmospheric conditions. On the other side, it is too...conference paper 2023
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Gonzalez Silva, J. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)As renewable energy sources such as wind farms become dominant, new challenges emerge for operating and controlling them. Traditionally, wind farm control aims to dispatch power set-points to individual turbines to maximize energy extraction and, thus, their usage as assets. Yet, grid balance and frequency support are fundamental in presence...journal article 2023
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Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Gybel Hovgaard, Tobias (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Economic model predictive control (EMPC) has received increasing attention in the wind energy community due to its ability to trade-off economic objectives with ease. However, for wind turbine applications, inherent nonlinearities, such as from aerodynamics, pose difficulties in attaining a convex optimal control problem (OCP), by which real...journal article 2023
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Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Mulders, S.P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The estimation of the rotor effective wind speed is used in modern wind turbines to provide advanced power and load control capabilities. However, with the ever increasing rotor sizes, the wind field over the rotor surface shows a higher degree of spatial variation. A single effective wind speed estimation therefore limits the attainable...journal article 2022
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Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual pitch control (IPC) is a well-known approach to reduce blade loads on wind turbines. Although very effective, IPC usually requires high levels of actuator activities, which significantly increases the pitch actuator duty cycle (ADC). This will subsequently result in an increase of the wear on the bearings of the blades and a decrease...journal article 2022
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Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The Immersion and Invariance (II) wind speed estimator is a powerful and widely-used technique to estimate the rotor effective wind speed on horizontal axis wind turbines. Anyway, its global convergence proof is rather cumbersome, which hinders the extension of the method and proof to time-delayed and/or uncertain systems. In this letter, we...journal article 2022
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Gonzalez Silva, J. (author), van der Hoek, D.C. (author), Mulders, S.P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Wind turbines are prone to structural degradation, particularly in offshore locations. Based on the structural health condition of the tower, power de-rating strategies can be used to reduce structural loads at the cost of power losses. This paper introduces a novel closed-loop switching control architecture to constrain the thrust in individual...conference paper 2022
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Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Hovgaard, T. G. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The wind turbine side-side tower motion is known to be lightly damped. One viable active damping solution is realized by deploying individual pitch control (IPC) such that counteracting blade forces are created to alleviate the tower fatigue loading caused by this motion. Existing IPC methods for side-side tower damping in the literature,...journal article 2022
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Gonzalez Silva, J. (author), Matthijs Doekemeijer, Bart (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)This paper presents a closed-loop controller for wind farms to provide active power control services using a high-fidelity computational fluid dynamics based wind plant simulator. The proposed design enhances power tracking stability and allows for simple understanding, where each turbine is considered as a pure time-delay system. The paper...journal article 2022
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Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Mulders, S.P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The ever-increasing power capacities of wind turbines promote the use of tall and slender turbine towers. This poses a challenge from a fatigue loading perspective by the relocation of the first and lightly-damped tower side-side natural frequency into the turbine operating regime, promoting its excitation during nominal operation. The...conference paper 2022
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Feng, Z. (author), Gallo, A.J. (author), Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)The current trend in the evolution of wind turbines is to increase their rotor size in order to capture more power. This leads to taller, slender and more flexible towers, which thus experience higher dynamical loads due to the turbine rotation and environmental factors. It is hence compelling to deploy advanced control methods that can...conference paper 2022
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Gonzalez Silva, J. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Wind turbine (WT) controllers are often geared towards maximum power extraction, while suitable operating constraints should be guaranteed such that WT components are protected from failures. Control strategies can be also devised to reduce the generated power, for instance to track a power reference provided by the grid operator. They are...conference paper 2022
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Wu, P. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Liu, Y. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Incipient fault detection plays a crucial role in preventing the occurrence of serious faults or failures in industrial processes. In most industrial processes, linear, and nonlinear relationships coexist. To improve fault detection performance, both linear and nonlinear features should be considered simultaneously. In this article, a novel...journal article 2021
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Wu, Ping (author), Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Over the past decades, Floating Offshore Wind Turbine (FOWT) has gained increasing attention in wind engineering due to the rapidly growing energy demands. However, difficulties in turbine maintenance will increase due to the harsh operational conditions. Fault diagnosis techniques play a crucial role to enhance the reliability of FOWTs and...journal article 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Frederik, J.A. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Wu, P. (author), Li, Sunwei (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual pitch control (IPC) is an effective and widely used strategy to mitigate blade loads in wind turbines. However, conventional IPC fails to cope with blade and actuator faults, and this situation may lead to an emergency shutdown and increased maintenance costs. In this paper, a fault-tolerant individual pitch control (FTIPC) scheme...journal article 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual Pitch Control (IPC) is an effective control strategy to mitigate the blade loads on large-scale wind turbines. Since IPC usually requires high pitch actuation, the safety constraints of the pitch actuator should be taken into account when designing the controller. This paper introduces a constrained Subspace Predictive Repetitive...conference paper 2021
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Gonzalez Silva, J. (author), Doekemeijer, B.M. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Active power control regulates the total power generated by wind farms with the power consumed on the electricity grid. Due to wake effects, the available power is reduced and turbulence is increased at downstream wind turbines. Such effects lead to a design challenge for wind farm control, where the delicate balance between supply and demand...conference paper 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Pamososuryo, A.K. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Hovgaard, Tobias Gybel (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Modern wind turbine control algorithms typically utilize rotor effective wind speed measured from an anemometer on the turbine’s nacelle. Unfortunately, the measured wind speed from such a single measurement point does not give a good representation of the effective wind speed over the blades, as it does not take the varying wind condition...conference paper 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), Wu, Ping (author), Jiang, X. (author), Li, Sunwei (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Floating Offshore Wind Turbines (FOWTs) operate in the harsh marine environment with limited accessibility and maintainability. Not only failures are more likely to occur than in land-based turbines, but also corrective maintenance is more expensive. In the present study, a mixed model and signal-based Fault Diagnosis (FD) architecture is...journal article 2021
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Liu, Y. (author), Frederik, J.A. (author), Fontanella, A. (author), Ferrari, Riccardo M.G. (author), van Wingerden, J.W. (author)Individual Pitch Control (IPC) is a well-known and, in normal operating conditions, effective approach to alleviate blade loads in wind turbines. However, in the case of a Pitch Actuator Stuck (PAS) type of fault, conventional IPC is not beneficial since its action is disturbed by the failed pitch actuator. In this paper, a Subspace...conference paper 2020
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