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Maruhashi, J. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Frömming, Christine (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)Aviation produces a net climate warming contribution that comprises multiple forcing terms of mixed sign. Aircraft NOx emissions are associated with both warming and cooling terms, with the short-term increase in O3 induced by NOx emissions being the dominant warming effect. The uncertainty associated with the magnitude of this climate forcer...journal article 2023
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Thor, Robin N. (author), Mertens, M. (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Righi, Mattia (author), Hendricks, Johannes (author), Brinkop, Sabine (author), Graf, Phoebe (author), Grewe, V. (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Smith, Steven (author)We report on an inconsistency in the latitudinal distribution of aviation emissions between the data products of phases 5 and 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP). Emissions in the CMIP6 data occur at higher latitudes than in the CMIP5 data for all scenarios, years, and emitted species. A comparative simulation with the...journal article 2023
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Rao, P.V. (author), Dwight, R.P. (author), Singh, D. (author), Maruhashi, J. (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Frömming, Christine (author)While efforts have been made to curb CO2 emissions from aviation, the more uncertain non-CO2 effects that contribute about two-thirds to the warming in terms of radiative forcing (RF), still require attention. The most important non-CO2 effects include persistent line-shaped contrails, contrail-induced cirrus clouds and nitrogen oxide (NOx)...conference paper 2023
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Noorafza, M. (author), Santos, Bruno F. (author), Sharpanskykh, Alexei (author), Zengerling, Zarah L. (author), Weder, Christian M. (author), Linke, Florian (author), Grewe, V. (author)The aviation industry has set an ambitious goal of reducing its climate impacts. Accordingly, airlines must balance their plans according to this goal with financial considerations. We developed a multi-objective framework to facilitate climate-aware network design by incorporating the objective to minimise the flight average temperature...journal article 2023
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Dahlmann, K. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Matthes, S. (author), Yamashita, H. (author)Climate impact of anthropogenic activities is more and more of public concern. But while CO<sub>2</sub> emissions are accounted in emissions trading and mitigation plans, emissions of non-CO<sub>2</sub> components contributing to climate change receive much less attention. One of the anthropogenic emission sectors, where non-CO<sub>2</sub>...journal article 2022
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Simorgh, Abolfazl (author), Soler, Manuel (author), González-Arribas, Daniel (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Grewe, V. (author), Dietmüller, Simone (author), Baumann, Sabine (author), Yin, F. (author), Castino, F. (author)The strong growth rate of the aviation industry in recent years has created significant challenges in terms of environmental impact. Air traffic contributes to climate change through the emission of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) and other non-CO<sub>2</sub> effects, and the associated climate impact is expected to soar further. The...review 2022
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Rao, P.V. (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Yamashita, Hiroshi (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Mertens, Mariano (author), Frömming, Christine (author)One possibility to reduce the climate impact of aviation is the avoidance of climate-sensitive regions, which is synonymous with climate-optimised flight planning. Those regions can be identified by algorithmic Climate Change Functions (aCCFs) for nitrogen oxides (NOx), water vapour (H2O) as well as contrail cirrus, which provide a measure of...journal article 2022
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Maruhashi, J. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Frömming, Christine (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)The resilient growth of air travel demands a comprehensive understanding of the climate effects from aviation emissions. The current level of knowledge of the environmental repercussions of CO2 emissions is considerably higher than that of non-CO2 emissions, which includes nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), other aerosols like black...abstract 2022
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Rao, P.V. (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Yamashita, Hiroshi (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Mertens, Mariano (author), Frömming, Christine (author)Aviation contributes to 3.5% of anthropogenic climate change in terms of Effective Radiative Forcing (ERF) and 5% in terms of temperature change. Aviation climate impact is expected to increase rapidly due to the growth of air transport sector in most regions of the world and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are expected to only have a...abstract 2022
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Rieger, V.S. (author), Grewe, V. (author)Road traffic emits not only carbon dioxide (CO2) and particulate matter, but also other pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide (CO). These chemical species influence the atmospheric chemistry and produce ozone (O3) in the troposphere. Ozone acts as a greenhouse gas and thus contributes...journal article 2022
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Voigt, Christiane (author), Lelieveld, Jos (author), Schlager, Hans (author), Schneider, Johannes (author), Curtius, Joachim (author), Bohn, Birger (author), Mertens, M. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Lucke, J.R. (author)During spring 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused massive reductions in emissions from industry and ground and airborne transportation. To explore the resulting atmospheric composition changes, we conducted the BLUESKY campaign with two research aircraft and measured trace gases, aerosols, and cloud properties from the boundary layer to the...journal article 2022
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Pletzer, J.F. (author), Hauglustaine, Didier (author), Cohen, Yann (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Grewe, V. (author)Hypersonic aircraft flying at Mach 5 to 8 are a means for traveling very long distances in extremely short times and are even significantly faster than supersonic transport (Mach 1.5 to 2.5). Fueled with liquid hydrogen (LH2), their emissions consist of water vapor (H2O), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburned hydrogen. If LH2 is produced in a...journal article 2022
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Radhakrishnan, Kaushik (author), Deck, K.T. (author), Proesmans, P. (author), Linke, Florian (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Vos, Roelof (author), Lührs, Benjamin (author), Niklaβ, Malte (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author)The aircraft’s environmental performance on fleet level is so far completely decoupled from the design process. The climate impact from aviation arising from non-CO2 effects are largely independent from CO2 emissions, but rather depend on the atmospheric state. Previously complex climate-chemistry models were used to evaluate the non-CO2...conference paper 2022
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- Maruhashi, J. (author), Dedoussi, I.C. (author), Grewe, V. (author) poster 2021
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Marks, Tobias (author), Dahlmann, Katrin (author), Grewe, V. (author), Gollnick, Volker (author), Linke, Florian (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Stumpf, Eike (author), Swaid, Majed (author), Unterstrasser, Simon (author)The aerodynamic formation flight, which is also known as aircraft wake-surfing for efficiency (AWSE), enables aircraft to harvest the energy inherent in another aircraft’s wake vortex. As the thrust of the trailing aircraft can be reduced during cruise flight, the resulting benefit can be traded for longer flight time, larger range, less fuel...journal article 2021
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Matthes, Sigrun (author), Lim, Ling (author), Burkhardt, Ulrike (author), Dahlmann, Katrin (author), Dietmüller, Simone (author), Grewe, V. (author), Haslerud, Amund S. (author), Hendricks, Johannes (author), Owen, Bethan (author), Pitari, Giovanni (author), Righi, Mattia (author), Skowron, Agnieszka (author)Aviation is seeking for ways to reduce its climate impact caused by CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and non-CO<sub>2</sub> effects. Operational measures which change overall flight altitude have the potential to reduce climate impact of individual effects, comprising CO<sub>2</sub> but in particular non-CO<sub>2</sub> effects. We study the impact of...journal article 2021
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Yamashita, Hiroshi (author), Yin, F. (author), Grewe, V. (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Kern, Bastian (author), Dahlmann, Katrin (author), Frömming, Christine (author)Climate-optimized routing is an operational measure to effectively reduce the climate impact of aviation with a slight increase in aircraft operating costs. This study examined variations in the flight characteristics among five aircraft routing strategies and discusses several characteristics of those routing strategies concerning typical...journal article 2021
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Lührs, Benjamin (author), Linke, Florian (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author), Grewe, V. (author), Yin, F. (author)Air traffic contributes to anthropogenic global warming by about 5% due to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions and non-CO<sub>2</sub> effects, which are primarily caused by the emission of NO<sub>x</sub> and water vapor as well as the formation of contrails. Since-in the long term-the aviation industry is expected to maintain its trend to grow,...journal article 2021
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Frömming, Christine (author), Grewe, V. (author), Brinkop, Sabine (author), Jöckel, Patrick (author), Haslerud, Amund S. (author), Rosanka, Simon (author), Van Manen, Jesper (author), Matthes, Sigrun (author)Emissions of aviation include CO2, H2O, NOx, sulfur oxides, and soot. Many studies have investigated the annual mean climate impact of aviation emissions. While CO2 has a long atmospheric residence time and is almost uniformly distributed in the atmosphere, non-CO2 gases and particles and their products have short atmospheric residence times...journal article 2021
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Grewe, V. (author), Gangoli Rao, A. (author), Grönstedt, Tomas (author), Xisto, Carlos (author), Linke, Florian (author), Melkert, J.A. (author), Middel, Jan (author), Ohlenforst, Barbara (author), Blakey, Simon (author)Aviation is an important contributor to the global economy, satisfying society’s mobility needs. It contributes to climate change through CO<sub>2</sub> and non-CO<sub>2</sub> effects, including contrail-cirrus and ozone formation. There is currently significant interest in policies, regulations and research aiming to reduce aviation’s...journal article 2021