Pontiella desulfatans gen. Nov., sp. nov., and pontiella sulfatireligans sp. nov., two marine anaerobes of the pontiellaceae fam. nov. producing sulfated glycosaminoglycan-like exopolymers

Recently, we isolated two marine strains, F1^T and F21^T, which together with Kiritimatiella glycovorans L21-Fru-AB^T are the only pure cultures of the class Kiritimatiellae within the phylum Verrucomicrobiota. Here, we present an in-depth genome-guided characterization of both isolates with emphasis on their...

Structural extracellular polymeric substances determine the difference in digestibility between waste activated sludge and aerobic granules

Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology is an alternative to conventional activated sludge to reduce the process footprint and energy consumption. Strategies for the efficient management of its produced biomass, that is grown in a granular morphology as well, need further development. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is commonly applied in waste...

Sialic acids: An important family of carbohydrates overlooked in environmental biofilms

Sialic acids in the structural matrix of biofilms developing in engineered water systems constitute a potential target in the battle against biofouling. This report focuses specifically on the presence of sialic acids as part of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of biofilms forming in cooling towers and the potential effect of...

Flame retardant property of flax fabrics coated by extracellular polymeric substances recovered from both activated sludge and aerobic granular sludge

In this research, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), such as EPS_flocs and EPS_granules, were successfully extracted from activated and aerobic granular sludge, respectively, and tested as bio-based flame retardant materials. Flax fabric was coated by the biopolymeric substances and its flammability was evaluated...

Sialic acids in the extracellular polymeric substances of seawater-adapted aerobic granular sludge

Sialic acids have been discovered in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of seawater-adapted aerobic granular sludge (AGS). Sialic acids are a group of monosaccharides with a nine-carbon backbone, commonly found in mammalian cells and pathogenic bacteria, and frequently described to protect EPS molecules and cells from attack by...

Solubilization and characterization of extracellular proteins from anammox granular sludge

Elucidating the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) of anammox granular sludge is important for stable nitrogen removal processes in wastewater treatment. However, due to a lack of standardized methods for extraction and characterization, the composition of anammox granule EPS remains mostly unknown. In this study, alkaline (NaOH) and...

Identification of Glycoproteins Isolated from Extracellular Polymeric Substances of Full-Scale Anammox Granular Sludge

ANaerobic AMMonium OXidation (anammox) is an established process for efficient nitrogen removal from wastewater, relying on anammox bacteria to form stable biofilms or granules. To understand the formation, structure, and stability of anammox granules, it is important to determine the composition of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS...

Glycosylated amyloid-like proteins in the structural extracellular polymers of aerobic granular sludge enriched with ammonium-oxidizing bacteria

A new type of structural extracellular polymers (EPS) was extracted from aerobic granular sludge dominated by ammonium-oxidizing bacteria. It was analyzed by Raman and FTIR spectroscopy to characterize specific amino acids and protein secondary structure, and by SDS-PAGE with different stains to identify different glycoconjugates. Its...

The acid soluble extracellular polymeric substance of aerobic granular sludge dominated by Defluviicoccus sp.

A new acid soluble extracellular polymeric substance (acid soluble EPS) was extracted from an acetate fed aerobic granular sludge reactor operated at 35 °C. Acid soluble EPS dominated granules exhibited a remarkable and distinctive tangled tubular morphology. These granules are dominated by Defluviicoccus Cluster II organisms. Acetic acid...

A conceptual framework of the human dimensions of urban emission in East Asia cities

Eight East Asian countries are home to approximately one-quarter of the world’s urban population, and by 2050, the combined urban population of these countries is expected to increase to 1.29 billion from 881 million today. Thus a central challenge for East Asian cities is how to pursue more low-carbon urbanization pathways. One of the key...

Extraction of structural extracellular polymeric substances from aerobic granular sludge

To evaluate and develop methodologies for the extraction of gel-forming extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), EPS from aerobic granular sludge (AGS) was extracted using six different methods (centrifugation, sonication, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), formamide with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), formaldehyde with NaOH and sodium...

Structural design optimization of the controllable rubber trailing edge flap (CRTEF)

A flap actuation system, the Controllable Rubber Trailing Edge Flap (CRTEF), for distributed load control on a wind turbine blade had been developed in the period from 2006 to 2013 at DTU. The purpose of the project is to optimize the structural design of the flexible part of the CRTEF based on a realistic blade section geometry in order to meet...

Biopolymer extraction

In a prior art reactor set up dense aggregates of microorganisms are formed, typically in or embedded in an extracellular matrix. Such may relate to granules, to sphere like entities having a higher viscosity than water, globules, a biofilm, etc. The dense aggregates comprise extracellular polymeric substances, or biopolymers, in particular...

Title microbial linear polysacchrides being soluble at a low pH and precipitating at a high pH

The present invention concerns a method of producing linear polysaccharides, bacteria capable of producing such linear polysaccharides, and uses of such linear polysaccharides, as a medicament, in agriculture, in food processing, as a coating, as a thickening agent, as a flocculating agent, and for water processing.

Unstructured Cellular Automata in Ecohydraulics Modelling