STREAmS-2.0: Supersonic turbulent accelerated Navier-Stokes solver version 2.0

We present STREAmS-2.0, an updated version of the flow solver STREAmS, first introduced in Bernardini et al. (2021) [1]. STREAmS-2.0 has an object-oriented design which separates the physics equations from the specific back-end, making the code more suitable for future expansions, such as porting to novel computing architectures or...

Direct numerical simulation of one-sided forced thermal convection in plane channels

We carry out direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent flow and heat transfer in pressure-driven plane channels, by considering cases with heating on both walls, as well as asymmetric heating limited to one of the channel walls. Friction Reynolds numbers up to are considered, and Prandtl numbers from to, the temperature field being...

Direct numerical simulation of supersonic turbulent flows over rough surfaces

We perform direct numerical simulation of supersonic turbulent channel flow over cubical roughness elements, spanning bulk Mach numbers -, both in the transitional and fully rough regime. We propose a novel definition of roughness Reynolds number which is able to account for the viscosity variations at the roughness crest and should be used...

Direct numerical simulation of forced thermal convection in square ducts up to Reτ≈2000

We carry out direct numerical simulations (DNS) of flow in a turbulent square duct by focusing on heat transfer effects, considering the case of unit Prandtl number. Reynolds numbers up to are considered that are much higher than in previous studies, and that yield clear scale separation between inner- and outer-layer dynamics. Close...

Permeability and Turbulence Over Perforated Plates

We perform direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow at friction Reynolds number Re_τ≈ 500 - 2000 grazing over perforates plates with moderate viscous-scaled orifice diameter d⁺≈ 40 - 160 and analyse the relation between permeability and added drag. Unlike previous studies of turbulent flows over permeable surfaces,...

Climate Impact Mitigation Potential of Novel Aircraft Features

This work presents a transpacific airliner designed for minimal climate impact, incorporating several novel design features. These include open rotor engines, sustainable aviation fuels, natural laminar flow airfoils, and riblets. The design’s configuration and mission have been optimised simultaneously using a combination of standard...

Reorganisation of turbulence by large and spanwise-varying riblets

We study the flow above non-optimal riblets, specifically large drag-increasing and two-scale trapezoidal riblets. In order to reach large Reynolds numbers and large scale separation while retaining access to flow details, we employ a combination of boundary-layer hot-wire measurements and direct numerical simulation (DNS) in minimal-span...

Riblet-generated flow mechanisms that lead to local breaking of Reynolds analogy

We investigate the Reynolds analogy over riblets, namely the analogy between the fractional increase in Stanton number Ch and the fractional increase in the skin-friction coefficient Cf, relative to a smooth surface. We investigate the direct numerical simulation data of Endrikat et al. (Flow Turbul. Combust., vol. 107, 2021, pp. 1–29). The...

Direct numerical simulation of forced thermal convection in square ducts

We carry out direct numerical simulation (DNS) of flow in a turbulent square duct by focusing on heat transfer effects, considering the case of unit Prandtl number. Reynolds numbers up to Re_τ ≈ 2000 are considered which are much higher than in previous studies, and which yield clear scale separation between inner- and outer-layer...

Acoustic liners and their induced drag

In order to reduce the noise emitted by aircraft engines, the nacelle is coated with acoustic liners. An undesirable effect of these surfaces is that they increase the aerodynamic drag. In the present work, we characterize this type of surface roughness by performing Direct Numerical Simulations of fully resolved acoustic liner geometries. We...

Dispersive stresses in turbulent flow over riblets

We carry out direct numerical simulations of turbulent flow over riblets, streamwise- aligned grooves that are designed to reduce drag by modifying the near-wall flow. Twenty riblet geometries and sizes are considered, namely symmetric triangular with tip angle, and, asymmetric triangular, blade and trapezoidal. To save on computational cost,...

STREAmS: A high-fidelity accelerated solver for direct numerical simulation of compressible turbulent flows

We present STREAmS, an in-house high-fidelity solver for direct numerical simulations (DNS) of canonical compressible wall-bounded flows, namely turbulent plane channel, zero-pressure gradient turbulent boundary layer and supersonic oblique shock-wave/boundary layer interaction. The solver incorporates state-of-the-art numerical algorithms,...

A priori tests of eddy viscosity models in square duct flow

We carry out a priori tests of linear and nonlinear eddy viscosity models using direct numerical simulation (DNS) data of square duct flow up to friction Reynolds number Re _τ= 1055. We focus on the ability of eddy viscosity models to reproduce the anisotropic Reynolds stress tensor components a_ij responsible for...