Experimental research on the stability of armour and secondary layer in a single layered Tetrapod breakwater

Physical model tests were done on an armour of Tetrapods, placed in a single layer. The objective of the investigations was to study the stability of the secondary layer, and to see if the material of this secondary layer could be washed out through the single layer of Tetrapods. It was concluded that secondary armour is not washed out through...

Influence of the density of placement on the stability of armour layers on breakwaters

Studies on the stability of the amour layer (d’Angremond et. al. [1999] revealed the importance of density of placement. The current research focuses on the influence of the density of placement on the stability of cubes in a double armour layer and tetrapods and rocks in a single armour layer. The experiments were performed in the Laboratory of...