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van den Berg, Paulien (author), Scholten, D.J. (author), Schachter, Jonathan (author), Blok, K. (author)A dynamic and fast-changing environment brings challenges for generating long-term scenarios. Although the need to update scenarios for decision-making is recognized, a structured way for executing this process remains unclear. To configure a solution, we propose two concepts that need to be introduced: 1) that scenarios consist of a multi...journal article 2021
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Sattich, Thomas (author), Freeman, Duncan (author), Scholten, D.J. (author), Yan, Shaohua (author)The geopolitical implications of renewable energy involve changes beyond the immediate impact on energy and commodity streams. Energy policies of individual countries affect each other via different economic and political channels. This paper studies the role of renewable energy in EU-China relations, two leading powers in the field of...journal article 2021
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Scholten, D.J. (author), Bazilian, Morgan (author), Overland, Indra (author), Westphal, Kirsten (author)This policy perspective sums up the main input of four members of the Research Panel for IRENA's Global Commission on the Geopolitics of the Energy Transformation. The geographic and technical characteristics of renewable energy systems are fundamentally different from those of coal, oil, and natural gas. This has implications for interstate...journal article 2020
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Van de Graaf, Thijs (author), Overland, Indra (author), Scholten, D.J. (author), Westphal, Kirsten (author)While most hydrogen research focuses on the technical and cost hurdles to a full-scale hydrogen economy, little consideration has been given to the geopolitical drivers and consequences of hydrogen developments. The technologies and infrastructures underpinning a hydrogen economy can take markedly different forms, and the choice over which...journal article 2020
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Vakulchuk, Roman (author), Overland, Indra (author), Scholten, D.J. (author)This article reviews the literature on the geopolitics of renewable energy. It finds that while the roots of this literature can be traced back to the 1970s and 1980s, most of it has been published from 2010 onwards. The following aggregate conclusions are extracted from the literature: renewable energy has many advantages over fossil fuels...review 2020
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Scholten, D.J. (author)Renewable energy is the energy of the future – plentiful and ubiquitous. Technological advances and economies of scale are bringing down prices, whereas fossil and nuclear are increasingly uncompetitive. Here, the Green European Journal presents in numbers how energy systems will evolve over the decades to come, while Daniel Scholten traces the...journal article 2019
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- Braun, Jan Frederik (author), Scholten, D.J. (author) report 2019
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- Scholten, D.J. (author), Bazilian, Morgan (author), Overland, Indra (author), Westphal, Kirsten (author) other 2018
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Mata Perez, M.D.L.E. (author), Scholten, D.J. (author)The Energy Strategy and Energy Union call for secure, competitive, and sustainable energy in the European Union (EU) and set ambitious goals for greater energy efficiency and deployment of renewables in the coming decades. By 2030, for example, the EU should rely on renewable sources for 27% of its energy mix. Achieving this and other targets...conference paper 2018
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van Calcar, C.J. (author), Scholten, D.J. (author)The discovery of natural gas in Slochteren in 1959 kick started a major transition in the Dutch energy sector. The move from coal mined in Limburg to natural gas extraction in Groningen had a huge impact on both provinces in particular and the Dutch energy sector in general. After the last of the twelve coal mines in Limburg was shut in 1969,...journal article 2018
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Scholten, D.J. (author)The geographic and technical characteristics of renewable energy systems are fundamentally different from those of coal, oil and natural gas. Renewable energy sources are abundant and intermittent; renewable energy production lends itself more to decentral generation and involves rare earth materials in clean-tech equipment; their distribution,...journal article 2017
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van de Kaa, G. (author), Scholten, D.J. (author), Rezaei, J. (author), Milchram, C. (author)The transition to a more sustainable personal transportation sector requires the widespread adoption of electric vehicles. However, a dominant design has not yet emerged and a standards battle is being fought between battery and hydrogen fuel cell powered electric vehicles. The aim of this paper is to analyze which factors are most likely to...journal article 2017
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Dignum, M. (author), Correljé, A. (author), Groenleer, Martijn (author), Scholten, D.J. (author)In 2010 an initiative was launched to realize a competitive single EU market for natural gas through the use of a future vision. This Gas Target Model (GTM) aimed to provide direction for concrete market development through regulatory structures as well as an overarching scope of what a functioning gas market would entail. This paper assesses...journal article 2017
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Scholten, D.J. (author), Bosman, Rick (author)This paper explores the potential political implications of the geographic and technical characteristics of renewable energy systems. This is done through a thought experiment that imagines a purely renewable based energy system, keeping all else equal. We start by noting that all countries have access to some form of renewable energy, though...journal article 2016
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- Schramm, C (author), Guillou, A (author), Schachtschneider, R (author), Fink, P (author), Scholten, D.J. (author), Derdevet, Michel (author) journal article 2016
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Scholten, D.J. (author), Kunneke, R.W. (author)Energy infrastructures are increasingly perceived as complex, adaptive socio-technical systems. Their design<br/>has not kept up; it is still fragmented between an engineering and economic dimension. While economists<br/>focus on a market design that addresses potential market failures and imperfections, opportunistic behaviour,<br/>and social...conference paper 2016
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Scholten, M (author), Scholten, D.J. (author)The European Union has acquired enforcement competences in areas where it previously only had regulatory authority. This expansion of competences from one step in the policy cycle to another is a blind spot in the works on functional spillover. While the increasing enforcement powers of the EU are mentioned, it is in the context of more...journal article 2016
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Eid, C. (author), Bollinger, L.A. (author), Koirala, B.P. (author), Scholten, D.J. (author), Facchinetti, E. (author), Lilliestam, J. (author), Hakvoort, R.A. (author)The growing penetration of distributed energy resources is opening up opportunities for local energy management (LEM) – the coordination of decentralized energy supply, storage, transport, conversion and consumption within a given geographical area. Because European electricity market liberalization concentrates competition at the wholesale...journal article 2016
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Scholten, D.J. (author), Kunneke, R.W. (author)Energy infrastructures are increasingly perceived as complex, adaptive socio-technical systems. Their design has not kept up; it is still fragmented between an engineering and economic dimension. While economists focus on a market design that addresses potential market failures and imperfections, opportunistic behavior, and social objectives,...journal article 2016
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Scholten, D.J. (author), Ydersbond, I.M. (author), Sattich, T. (author), Inderberg, T.H.J. (author), Alloisio, I. (author)The EU’s 2030 climate and energy package and the Energy Union have both the ambition to create a framework that will lead the energy sector towards decarbonisation. However, if the legislative process to implement both these legislations does not develop a framework for sharing the costs and benefits among Member States, the latter will not be...journal article 2015
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