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Seeber, Franziska (author), Sarnaghi, Ani Khaloian (author), Rais, Andreas (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Mechanical properties of wood such as stiffness and strength vary locally especially due to heterogeneities and anisotropy. Analytical models and numerical simulations of wooden boards are able to represent varying material orientation e.g. with local fiber directions from laser scanning as input for the prediction of strength. Current Finite...journal article 2023
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Pagella, G. (author), Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)This work investigated the influence of knots on the compression strength of wooden foundation piles. The study involved 110 pile segments sawn from 18 spruce and 9 pine piles with a mean diameter of approximately 200 mm, and moisture contents above fiber saturation. The mechanical properties were determined performing both full-scale...conference paper 2023
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Mirra, M. (author), Gerardini, Andrea (author), Ghirardelli, Sergio (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)This work presents the application of timber-based retrofitting techniques to a case-study stone masonry church featuring a wooden roof from 18<sup>th</sup> century. From the static point of view, the original roof structure presented a number of undersized structural elements, and its members were poorly or not connected among each other and...journal article 2023
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Mosleh, Yasmine (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Breebaart, Iskander (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Van Duin, Paul (author), Poulis, J.A. (author)Collagen-based bioadhesives, also known as animal glues, are derived from animal parts (e.g. skin, bone, and cartilage). They have been widely used in the production of decorative wood working, paintings, bookbinding, and other historical objects for centuries as well as for their restoration and preservation [1]. <br/><br/>Collagen, in which...abstract 2022
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Rais, Andreas (author), Kovryga, Andriy (author), Pretzsch, Hans (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)The conversion to climate-stable, resilient and productive forests has resulted in an increasing share of mixed stands. Different growth conditions and silvicultural treatments lead to an increased scatter in strength compared to what is expected from monoculture experience. The study (i) quantified the magnitude of variation in strength of...journal article 2022
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Yu, Taoyi (author), Khaloian, Ani (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Timber is one of the most widely applied engineering materials due to its favorable physical and mechanical characteristics. Nevertheless, over the service life, the combination of mechanical load and varying environmental conditions can have a critical influence on the mechanical response of timber structures, considering especially the...journal article 2022
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Westermayr, Maximilian (author), Zeilhofer, Monika (author), Rais, Andreas (author), Kovryga, Andriy (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)The market share of European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) wood in the construction sector is low despite an increase in beech stock in Central European Forests in recent years. More efficient sawing techniques, higher lamella grading yields and solving of adhesion challenges may increase the competitiveness of beech glulam and promote its use....journal article 2022
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Truong-Hong, Linh (author), Lindenbergh, R.C. (author), Woudenberg, Pieter (author), Gard, W.F. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Churches are part of heritage structures that take an important role in Europe ́s cultural identity. As such, these structures must be protected to prevent catastrophic collapse and any damage must be reported timely to establish planning to maintenance and restoration. This can be achievable when the churches are monitored periodically with...conference paper 2021
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Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van Dalen, J.H. (author), Mirra, M. (author), Steiger, René (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)In this work, the relationship for a socket-type connection in wooden foundation piles is investigated, and a trilinear moment-rotation diagram was determined by means of experiment.<br/>Numerical and analytical models confirmed that the material properties for compression perpendicular to the grain are governing for the connections’ strength...conference paper 2021
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Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Historical or existing buildings are often composed of brick or stone masonry walls, and timber floors and roofs. When these buildings are subjected to earthquakes, the interaction among such structural components is essential to avoid collapse or excessive damage to the constructions. In this framework, a crucial role is played by the...conference paper 2021
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van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Beketova-Hummel, O. (author), Pagella, G. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), Gard, W.F. (author)Timber pile foundations are widespread in many areas around Europe and North-America. Especially in areas with weak soils, timber pile foundations have been a very good and economic solution. However, aging of the foundations can become a problem, as physical, biological and/or chemical degradation may occur over time. Now, that foundations...conference paper 2021
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Yu, Taoyi (author), Khaloian, Ani (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Wood is one of the most widely applied engineering materials due to its favourable physical and mechanical characteristics. As an inhomogeneous biomaterial, wood exhibits complicated mechanical properties including anisotropy, elasto-plasticity, viscoelasticity, and hygroscopic characters. To analyse the time- and moisture-dependent behaviour...conference paper 2021
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Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)In the field of seismic retrofitting, a common intervention to improve box-like behaviour in an existing building is the strengthening and stiffening of existing timber floors and roofs. However, these retrofitting methods should be carefully applied, because they change the static scheme and the buildings' response to earthquakes....conference paper 2021
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Kamath, A.C. (author), Gard, W.F. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Tropical hardwood or treated wooden sheet piles have been used historically to protect stream banks in countries like the Netherlands. However, there is an imminent need for alternative as exploitable tropical hardwood forests available in the country is limited. Locally available softwoods are less resistant to decay and in extreme conditions...conference paper 2021
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Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), Gijzen, Richard (author), Willebrands, Okke (author), Slooten, Elgar (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Tall timber buildings are of growing interest worldwide and also in the Netherlands. With the introduction of CLT, higher timber buildings are possible compared to traditional timber frame housing. Tall timber buildings can be made as modular buildings or as buildings with a CLT or concrete core and a timber wall/column-floor system that can...conference paper 2021
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Khaloian, Ani (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Before timber boards can be used for engineering applications, they need to be strength graded. This step is currently done based on visual or machine grading methods. Each approach may face problems such as frequent measurement (human) errors or problems in dynamic measurements due to missing density values, respectively. To increase...conference paper 2021
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Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)In-plane behavior of timber diaphragms is usually characterized by means of an equivalent shear stiffness. However, this value depends on how the stiffness of the floors is evaluated from the experimental tests. Although an increasing number of research studies have provided a deeper insight into the seismic characterization of as-built and...journal article 2021
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Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), de Vries, P.A. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Timber diaphragms in existing buildings are often too flexible in their plane, and can thus potentially cause out-of-plane collapses of walls during earthquakes. A very efficient retrofitting method to increase their in-plane stiffness and energy dissipation is the overlay of plywood panels. However, the usual characterization of the floors by...journal article 2021
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Tarantino, Alessandro (author), El Mountassir, Grainne (author), Wheeler, Simon (author), Gallipoli, Domenico (author), Russo, Giacomo (author), Augarde, Charles (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author), Gard, W.F. (author), Kamath, A.C. (author)The geotechnical construction industry is a major component of the overall construction sector and is strategically important in infrastructure development (transportation, flood and landslide protection, building foundations, waste disposal). Although industry and research in the overall construction sector have been investing significantly...journal article 2020
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Mirra, M. (author), Ravenshorst, G.J.P. (author), van de Kuilen, J.W.G. (author)Traditional timber floors cannot normally withstand horizontal seismic loads without large deformations. This may lead to a corresponding out-of-plane collapse of masonry walls in existing buildings. This situation is even more critical in the Netherlands, around the city of Groningen, where human-induced earthquakes started to take place....journal article 2020