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Kouwenhoven, K. (author), Fan, D. (author), Biancalani, Enrico (author), de Rooij, S.A.H. (author), Karim, A.T. (author), Smith, C.S. (author), Murugesan, Vignesh (author), Thoen, David (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), de Visser, P.J. (author)Kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) are superconducting energy-resolving detectors, sensitive to single photons from the near-infrared to ultraviolet. We study a hybrid KID design consisting of a β-phase tantalum (β-Ta) inductor and a Nb-Ti-N interdigitated capacitor. The devices show an average intrinsic quality factor Qi of 4.3×105±1.3×105....journal article 2023
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Kouwenhoven, K. (author), Elwakil, I. (author), van Wingerden, J. (author), Murugesan, V. (author), Thoen, David (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), de Visser, P.J. (author)Typical materials for optical Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detetectors (MKIDs) are metals with a natural absorption of ∼ 30–50% in the visible and near-infrared. To reach high absorption efficiencies (90–100%) the KID must be embedded in an optical stack. We show an optical stack design for a 60 nm TiN film. The optical stack is modeled as...journal article 2022
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Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Facchin, F. (author), Pascual Laguna, A. (author), Bueno, J. (author), Thoen, David (author), Murugesan, V. (author), Llombart, Nuria (author), de Visser, P.J. (author)Aims. Future actively cooled space-borne observatories for the far-infrared, loosely defined as a 1-10 THz band, can potentially reach a sensitivity limited only by background radiation from the Universe. This will result in an increase in observing speed of many orders of magnitude. A spectroscopic instrument on such an observatory requires...journal article 2022
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Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Endo, A. (author), Karatsu, K. (author), Hähnle, S. (author), Pascual Laguna, A. (author), Yates, S. (author), Ferrari, L. (author), Llombart, Nuria (author), Bueno Lopez, J. (author), Facchi, F. (author), Thoen, David (author), Murugesan, V. (author), van der werf, P. (author), de Visser, P.J. (author)Advances in far infrared astronomy have been, and will be, defined by instrument capabilities. Especially relevant is the development of imaging spectrometers for the wavelength range of 0.03-3 mm, which are not available at all at this moment. We will discuss recent advances in this field: First, we discuss the development of miniature on-chip...conference paper 2022
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de Visser, P.J. (author), de Rooij, S.A.H. (author), Murugesan, V. (author), Thoen, David (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author)A noiseless, photon-counting detector, which resolves the energy of each photon, could radically change astronomy, biophysics, and quantum optics. Superconducting detectors promise an intrinsic resolving power at visible wavelengths of R=E/δE≈100 due to their low excitation energy. We study superconducting energy-resolving microwave kinetic...journal article 2021
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De Rooij, Steven A.H. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Murugesan, V. (author), Thoen, David (author), de Visser, P.J. (author)We measure temperature-dependent quasiparticle fluctuations in a small Al volume, embedded in a NbTiN superconducting microwave resonator. The resonator design allows for readout close to equilibrium. By placing the Al film on a membrane, we enhance the fluctuation level and separate quasiparticle effects from phonon effects. When lowering...journal article 2021
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Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Bosma, S. (author), Ikarashi, S. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Llombart, Nuria (author), Pascual Laguna, A. (author), Thoen, David (author), de Visser, P.J. (author), Yurduseven, O. (author), Endo, A. (author)We are developing an ultra-wideband spectroscopic instrument, DESHIMA (DEep Spectroscopic HIgh-redshift MApper), based on the technologies of an on-chip filter bank and microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) to investigate dusty starburst galaxies in the distant universe at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths. An on-site experiment of...journal article 2020
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Karatsu, K. (author), Endo, A. (author), Bueno Lopez, J. (author), de Visser, P.J. (author), Barends, R. (author), Thoen, David (author), Murugesan, V. (author), Tomita, T. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author)For space observatories, the glitches caused by high energy phonons created by the interaction of cosmic ray particles with a detector substrate lead to dead time during observation. Mitigating the impact of cosmic rays is therefore an important requirement for detectors to be used in future space missions. In order to investigate possible...journal article 2019
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Endo, A. (author), Karatsu, K. (author), Bosma, S. (author), Ikarashi, S. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Llombart, Nuria (author), Pascual Laguna, A. (author), Thoen, David (author), de Visser, P.J. (author), Yurduseven, O. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author)Ultra-wideband, three-dimensional (3D) imaging spectrometry in the millimeter–submillimeter (mm–submm) band is an essential tool for uncovering the dust-enshrouded portion of the cosmic history of star formation and galaxy evolution<sup>1–3</sup>. However, it is challenging to scale up conventional coherent heterodyne receivers<sup>4</sup> or...journal article 2019
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Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Bueno, J. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author), Yurduseven, O. (author), Llombart, Nuria (author), Karatsu, K. (author), Baryshev, A.M. (author), Ferrarini, L (author), Endo, A. (author), Thoen, David (author), de Visser, P.J. (author), Janssen, R.M.J. (author), Murugesan, V. (author), Driessen, E.F.C. (author), Coiffard, G. (author), Martin-Pintado, J. (author), Hargrave, P. (author), Griffin, M. (author)Aims. Future astrophysics and cosmic microwave background space missions operating in the far-infrared to millimetre part of the spectrum will require very large arrays of ultra-sensitive detectors in combination with high multiplexing factors and efficient low-noise and low-power readout systems. We have developed a demonstrator system suitable...journal article 2017
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De Visser, P.J. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author), Guruswamy, T. (author), Goldie, D.J. (author), Withington, S. (author), Neto, A. (author), Llombart, N. (author), Baryshev, A.M. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author)We have measured the absorption of terahertz radiation in a BCS superconductor over a broad range of frequencies from 200 GHz to 1.1 THz, using a broadband antenna-lens system and a tantalum microwave resonator. From low frequencies, the response of the resonator rises rapidly to a maximum at the gap edge of the superconductor. From there on,...journal article 2015
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De Visser, P.J. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Bueno, J. (author), Llombart, N. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)In a superconductor, in which electrons are paired, the density of unpaired electrons should become zero when approaching zero temperature. Therefore, radiation detectors based on breaking of pairs promise supreme sensitivity, which we demonstrate using an aluminium superconducting microwave resonator. Here we show that the resonator also...journal article 2014
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De Visser, P.J. (author), Goldie, D.J. (author), Diener, P. (author), Withington, S. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)In a superconductor, absorption of photons with an energy below the superconducting gap leads to redistribution of quasiparticles over energy and thus induces a strong nonequilibrium quasiparticle energy distribution. We have measured the electrodynamic response, quality factor, and resonant frequency of a superconducting aluminium microwave...journal article 2014
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De Visser, P.J. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author), Diener, P. (author), Endo, A. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)We have measured the number of quasiparticles and their lifetime in aluminium superconducting microwave resonators. The number of excess quasiparticles below 160?mK decreases from 72 to 17??m?3 with a 6?dB decrease of the microwave power. The quasiparticle lifetime increases accordingly from 1.4 to 3.5?ms. These properties of the superconductor...journal article 2012
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Endo, A. (author), Van der Werf, P. (author), Janssen, R.M.J. (author), De Visser, P.J. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Ferrari, L. (author), Baryshev, A.M. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author)An integrated filterbank (IFB) in combination with microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), both based on superconducting resonators, could be used to make broadband submillimeter imaging spectrographs that are compact and flexible. In order to investigate the possibility of adopting an IFB configuration for DESHIMA (Delft SRON High...journal article 2012
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De Visser, P.J. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Diener, P. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author), Endo, A. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)We present measurements of quasiparticle generation-recombination noise in aluminium Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors, the fundamental noise source for these detectors. Both the quasiparticle lifetime and the number of quasiparticles can be determined from the noise spectra. The number of quasiparticles saturates to 10 ?m?3 at temperatures...journal article 2012
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Janssen, R.M.J. (author), Endo, A. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), De Visser, P.J. (author), Barends, R. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)The sensitivity of microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs) based on coplanar waveguides (CPWs) needs to be improved by at least an order of magnitude to satisfy the requirements for space-based terahertz astronomy. Our aim is to investigate if this can be achieved by reducing the width of the CPW to much below what has typically been made...journal article 2012
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De Visser, P.J. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author), Diener, P. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author), Endo, A. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author)We have directly measured quasiparticle number fluctuations in a thin film superconducting Al resonator in thermal equilibrium. The spectrum of these fluctuations provides a measure of both the density and the lifetime of the quasiparticles. We observe that the quasiparticle density decreases exponentially with decreasing temperature, as...journal article 2011
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Barends, R. (author), Vercruyssen, N. (author), Endo, A. (author), De Visser, P.J. (author), Zijlstra, T. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author)We report a reduction in the frequency noise in coplanar waveguide superconducting resonators. The reduction of 7 dB is achieved by removing the exposed dielectric substrate surface from the region with high electric fields and by using NbTiN. In a model-analysis the surface of NbTiN is found to be a negligible source of noise, experimentally...journal article 2010
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Barends, R. (author), Vercruyssen, N. (author), Endo, A. (author), De Visser, P.J. (author), Zijlstra, T. (author), Klapwijk, T.M. (author), Diener, P. (author), Yates, S.J.C. (author), Baselmans, J.J.A. (author)We report quality factors of up to 500x10³ in superconducting resonators at the single photon levels needed for circuit quantum electrodynamics. This result is achieved by using NbTiN and removing the dielectric from regions with high electric fields. As demonstrated by a comparison with Ta, the crucial sources of intensity-dependent loss are...journal article 2010