Tailoring the flow properties of inhaled micronized drug powders by atomic and molecular layer deposition

For dry powder inhaled formulations, good flow behaviour is vital in re-dispersing the powder. However, inhaled drug powders with a particle size below 10 µm are classified as highly cohesive materials with poor flow characteristics. Here we demonstrate how to alter the flow properties of micronized budesonide powders by depositing different...

Microstructure estimation and validation of ER110S-G steel structures produced by wire and arc additive manufacturing

Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) emerged as a manufacturing process for large scale structures with extensive form and design freedom. WAAM can be fully exploited once the relation between the transient thermal history and its relation to microstructure development and resultant mechanical properties is established. This relation...

On the fluidization of cohesive powders: Differences and similarities between micro- and nano-sized particle gas–solid fluidization

The fluidization of cohesive powders has been extensively researched over the years. When looking at literature on the fluidization of cohesive particles, one will often find papers concerned with only micro- or only nano-sized powders. It is, however, unclear whether they should be treated differently at all. In this paper, we look at...

Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Pressure

Pressure and temperature are the most important state variables for monitoring physicochemical processes to detect deviations that might lead to explosions and to verify levels, flow rate, and solids/gas hold-up. Pressure fluctuations in multi-phase systems identify regime changes and flow anomalies. Pressure signals are the first indicator...

On-chip actuation for waveguide alignment

Recent decades have seen impressive developments in the field of integrated<br/>photonics. Chips with complex photonic functionality can presently be designed<br/>and fabricated. Photonic packages consist of one or more PICs, as well as other<br/>(micro-optical) components, and a fibre (array) to establish the external optical<br/>interface. A...

Post-release deformation and motion control of photonic waveguide beams by tuneable electrothermal actuators in thick SiO₂

Photonic packaging, which includes high-precision assembly of photonic sub-systems, is currently a bottleneck in the development of commercially-available integrated photonic products. In the pursuit of a fully-automated, high-precision, and cost-effective photonic alignment scheme for two multi-channel photonic chips, this paper explores...

Photonic hybrid assembly through flexible waveguides

Fully automated, high precision, cost-effective assembly technology for photonic packages remains one of the main challenges in photonic component manufacturing. Next to the cost aspect the most demanding assembly task for multiport photonic integrated circuits (PICs) is the high-precision (±0.1 μm) alignment and fixing required for optical I...

Bimorph actuators in thick SiO₂ for photonic alignment

This paper proposes and tests a design of electro-thermal bimorph actuators for alignment of flexible photonic waveguides fabricated in 16 μm thick SiO². The actuators are for use in a novel alignment concept for multi-port photonic integrated circuits (PICs), in which the fine alignment is taken care of by positioning of suspended...

Measurement of Organic Halogens in Boiler Feedwater

Materials of steam water cycles can suffer from corrosion induced by halide anions in feedwater. Organic halogen compounds in feedwater can be degraded and release halide anions under high temperature and pressure. Therefore it is necessary to be able to measure the organic halogen concentration. Existing measurements including Adsorbable...