Climate Assessment of Hydrogen Combustion Aircraft: Towards a Green Aviation Sector

As climate change aggravates, the aviation sector strives to minimize its climate footprint. To this end, international organizations, such as ICAO and ACARE, are promoting mitigation measures including novel technologies, operations, and energy carriers to reduce aircraft emissions significantly. Hydrogen (H2) as an alternative fuel has the...

Effect of Engine Design Parameters on the Climate Impact of Aircraft: A Case Study Based on Short-Medium Range Mission

The climate impact of aviation is considerably different from that of other transport modes. The turbofan engine’s efficiency can be increased by increasing the Operating Pressure Ratio (OPR), bypass ratio (BPR) and Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT), thereby reducing CO2 and H2O emissions. However, this may have an adverse effect on the secondary...

A Novel Engine Architecture for Low NOx Emissions

The fuel efficiency of turbofan engines has improved significantly, hence reducing aviation's CO2 emissions. However, the increased operating pressure and temperature for fuel efficiency cause adverse effects on NOx emissions. Therefore, a novel engine concept, which can reduce NOx emissions without affecting the cycle efficiency, is of high...

Energy transition in aviation: The role of cryogenic fuels

Aviation is the backbone of our modern society. At present, around 4.5 Billion passengers travel through the air every year and aviation is responsible for around 5 % of anthropogenic causes of Global Warming (Lee et al, 2009). With the increase in global GDP, the number of travellers is expected to increase to 7.5 Billion by 2037 and to around...

Energy transition in aviation: the role of cryogenic fuels

Aviation is the backbone of our modern society. In 2019, around 4.5 billion passengers travelled through the air. However, at the same time, aviation was also responsible for around 5% of anthropogenic causes of global warming. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the aviation sector in the short term is clearly very high, but the long-term...

A review of gas turbine engine with inter-stage turbine burner

Society is going through transformations at a rate that is unprecedented in human history. One such transformation is the energy transition, which will affect almost every facet of our society. Gas turbine engines are state of the art machines, a backbone of modern society, and used in various applications, right from power generation to...

Operating characteristics of an electrically assisted turbofan engine

With the growing pressure to reduce the environmental footprint of aviation, new and efficient propulsion systems must be investigated. The current research looks at the operating characteristics of a turbofan engine in a parallel hybrid-electric propulsion system. Electric motors are used to supply power in the most demanding take-off and...

Development of a Flexible Turbine Cooling Prediction Tool for Preliminary Design of Gas Turbines

Performance assessment of a multi-fuel hybrid engine for future aircraft

This paper presents the performance assessment of a novel turbofan engine using two energy sources: Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) and kerosene, called Multi-Fuel Hybrid Engine (MFHE). The MFHE is a new engine concept consisting of several novel features, such as a contra-rotating fan to sustain distortion caused by boundary layer ingestion, a...

Assessing the climate impact of the AHEAD multi-fuel blended wing body

Air traffic is important to our society and guarantees mobility especially for long distances. Air traffic is also contributing to climate warming via emissions of CO2 and various non-CO2 effects, such as contrail-cirrus or increase in ozone concentrations. Here we investigate the climate impact of a future aircraft design, a multi fuel blended...

Performance analysis of an Aero Engine with Interstage Turbine Burner

The historical trends of reduction in fuel consumption and emissions from aero engines have been mainly due to the improvement in the thermal efficiency, propulsive efficiency and combustion technology. The engine Overall Pressure Ratio (OPR) and Turbine Inlet Temperature (TIT) are being increased in the pursuit of increasing the engine thermal...

Performance assessment of a Multi-fuel Hybrid Engine for Future Aircraft

This paper presents performance assessment of the proposed hybrid engine concept using Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) and kerosene. The multi-fuel hybrid engine is a new engine concept integrated with contra rotating fans, sequential dual combustion chambers to facilitate “Energy Mix” in aviation and a Cryogenic Bleed Air Cooling System (CBACS). The...