Optimal dynamic green time for distributed signal control

Capacity drop: A comparison between stop-and-go wave and standing queue at lane-drop bottleneck

In freeways, the maximum traffic flow through a bottleneck is usually higher than the outflow of congestion there. This phenomenon is called the capacity drop. In literature, there are considerable debates about the mechanism causing this phenomenon. This paper studies the mechanism by analyzing real life data of two different days. The traffic...

Capacity drop: Relationship between speed in congestion and the queue discharge rate

It has been empirically observed for years that the queue discharge rate is lower than the prequeue capacity. This difference is called the capacity drop. The magnitude of capacity drop varies over a wide range, depending on the local traffic conditions. However, it is unknown what determines the capacity drop value. No thorough empirical...

Capacity drop: A relation between the speed in congestion and the queue discharge rate

It has been empirically observed for years that the queue<br/>discharge rate is lower than the pre-queue capacity. This is<br/>called the capacity drop. The magnitude of capacity drop varies over a wide range depending on the local traffic conditions. However, up to now it is unknown what determines the capacity drop value. In fact, there is...

A Microscopic Investigation into the Capacity Drop: Impacts of the Bounded Acceleration and Reaction Time

The capacity drop indicates that the queue discharge rate is lower than the free-flow capacity. Studies show that queue discharge rates vary under different traffic conditions. Empirical data show that the queue discharge rate increases as the speed in congestion increases. Insights into the underlying behavioral mechanisms that result in such...

A microscopic investigation into capacity drop: impacts of a bunded acceleration and reaction time

Capacity drop indicates that the queue discharge rate is lower than the road capacity. Due to the capacity drop, traffic delays increase once queues form. Researchers find that queue discharge rates vary in different traffic conditions. Empirical data shows that the queue discharge rate increases as the speed in congestion increases....

Capacity Drop on Freeways: Traffic Dynamics, Theory and Modeling

Earlier studies on the traffic flow on freeways reveal that queue discharge rate cannot reach as high as the free-flow capacity. This important phenomenon is called the “Capacity drop”, which indicates that the potential freeway capacity cannot be fully utilized when discharging traffic jams. Even though a majority of empirical and analytical...

Capacity drop: A comparison between stop-and-go wave and standing queue at lane-drop bottleneck

A kinematic wave model in Lagrangian coordinates incorporating capacity drop: Application to homogeneous road stretches and discontinuities

On freeways, congestion always leads to capacity drop. This means the queue discharge rate is lower than the pre-queue capacity. Our recent research findings indicate that the queue discharge rate increases with the speed in congestion, that is the capacity drop is strongly correlated with the congestion state. Incorporating this varying...

A microscopic investigation into the capacity drop: Impacts of longitudinal behavior on the queue discharge rate

The capacity drop indicates that the queue discharge rate is lower than the free-flow capacity. Studies show that the queue discharge rate varies under different traffic conditions. Empirical data show that the queue discharge rate increases as the speed in congestion increases. Insights into the underlying behavioral mechanisms that cause...

A geometric Brownian motion car-following model: towards a better understanding of capacity drop

Traffic flow downstream of the congestion is generally lower than the pre-queue capacity. This phenomenon is called the capacity drop. Recent empirical observations show a positive relationship between the speed in congestion and the queue discharge rate. Literature indicates that variations in driver behaviors can account for the capacity drop....

Multi-class traffic flow on a partially space-shared road

Scarce urban space makes urban streets have to be partly shared by cars and cyclists. Traffic flow can be considerably influenced by cyclists, which are comparatively slower than cars. The fundamental diagram (FD) can change greatly, correlating to bike lane length and the cyclist flow. Models for the traffic dynamics on the space-shared streets...

Departure rates optimization and perimeter control: Comparison and cooperation in a multi-region urban network

With the renewed interest in the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) in the last decade, studies on network-level urban traffic control have increased in popularity. A popular urban traffic control approach is perimeter control, in which vehicle accumulation is kept below some critical accumulation value. An alternative control strategy is to...

Dynamica van verkeersnetwerken: Individuele oorzaken, collectieve gevolgen

In het Nederlandse wegverkeer is veel vertraging. Een vermindering van het verkeer zorgt ook voor een vermindering van die vertraging. Dit kan bereikt worden door maatregelen als beprijzing of spitsrechten. Het verkeerssysteem is één samenhangend systeem over grote afstanden. Om de effecten van deze maatregelen op netwerkschaal te beoordelen,...

Hysteresis and the Unobserved Congestion Branch in the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram: Theoretical Considerations and Modeling

The macroscopic fundamental diagram (MFD) is developed to describe traffic operations aggregated over an area. The MFD is defined by network traffic states as a relationship between the accumulation of vehicles and flow or speed of vehicles. The concept of the MFD has been applied to model traffic dynamics and to design control strategies....