Comparative analysis of the dynamic amplifications due to inhomogeneities at railway transition zones

ransition zones in railway tracks experience strong amplification of stress and strain fields due to the passage of train over inhomogeneity. The inhomogeneity in these zones can be attributed to changes in mechanical properties of material along the longitudinal direction of the track, and to displacement/traction discontinuities at interfaces...

Auxiliary rails as a mitigation measure for degradation in transition zones

This paper studies the effectiveness of adding auxiliary rails as a mitigation measure for degradation in transition zones of railway tracks. More specifically, it investigates the settlement mechanisms counteracted by the additional rails. Results show that when the system’s response is in the quasi-static regime, adding auxiliary rails over...

Dynamic amplication in a periodic structure subject to a moving load passing a transition zone: Hyperloop case study

Hyperloop is an emerging high-speed transportation system in which air resistance is minimised by having the vehicle travel inside a de-pressurised tube supported by columns. This design leads to a strong periodic variation of the stiffness (among other parameters) experienced by the vehicle. Also, along its route, the Hyperloop will encounter...

A parameter back-calculation technique for pavements under moving loads

Maintenance and rehabilitation strategies of pavements are usually made based on the results of performance evaluation. An efficient tool for pavement structural evaluation at network level is the traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) test. In order to deal with TSD measurements, this paper proposes a parameter back-calculation technique. Firstly,...

Parameter Identification of Asphalt Pavements Subjected to Moving Loads

Pavements generally demand necessary maintenance and rehabilitation to maintain their service performance in the whole lifespan. The maintenance and rehabilitation strategies are usually formulated based on the results of non-destructive testing, in which the traffic speed deflectometer (TSD) test is an efficient tool for pavement structural...

Semi-analytical solution for the dynamic response of a cylindrical structure embedded in a homogeneous half-space

This paper addresses the dynamic response of an infinitely long cylindrical structure embedded in an elastic half-space. The structure has a circular cross-section and its axis is parallel to the half-space surface. Excitation can be incident body waves or forces applied on the surface of the half-space and/or the structure. The model can be...

Transient calculation of pressure waves in a well induced by tubular expansion

Shell has developed a novel mono-diameter well concept for oil and gas wells as opposed to the traditional telescopic well design. A Mono- diameter well contains multiple casing sections with the same internal diameter. This is achieved by expansion of the casing sections concerned using an expansion cone. Since the well is drilled in stages and...

Method for extracting an equivalent Winkler model of the 3D dynamic soil-structure interaction of large-diameter offshore monopile foundations

The motivation for this work stems from the offshore wind industry, where designers are faced with a discrepancy between the available design methods and the typical dimensions of the offshore wind foundations that call for other design approaches. Throughout the years, much valuable work has been performed in the prediction of long, slender,...

Reflecting boundary conditions for interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution

In this work we investigate a modification of the formulation of the theory underlying seismic interferometry (SI) by multidimensional deconvolution (MDD). The current formulation, and hence method, relies on separation of waves traveling inward and outward of a volume bounded by receivers. As a consequence, it is predominantly useful when...

Models for seismic wave propagation in periodically layered porous media

Several models are discussed for seismic wave propagation in periodically layered poroelastic media where layers represent mesoscopic-scale heterogeneities that are larger than the pore and grain sizes but smaller than the wavelength. The layers behave according to Biot’s theory. Wave propagation normal to the layering is considered and the...

Added damping of a wind turbine rotor: Two-dimensional discretization expressing the nonlinear wind-force dependency

In determining wind forces on wind turbine blades, and subsequently on the tower and the foundation, the blade response velocity cannot be neglected. This velocity alters the wind force, which depends on the wind velocity relative to that of the blades This blade response velocity component of the wind force is commonly referred to as added...

Transition radiation excited by a load moving over the interface of two elastic layers

Transition radiation is emitted when a perturbation source (e.g., electric charge, mechanical load), which does not possess an inherent frequency, moves along a straight line at a constant velocity in or near an inhomogeneous medium. The phenomenon was described for the first time in electromagnetics, but it is universal from the physical point...

Assessing the small-strain soil stiffness for offshore wind turbines based on in situ seismic measurements

In this contribution, in situ seismic measurements are used to derive the small-strain shear modulus of soil as input for two soil-structure interaction (SSI) models to assess the initial soil stiffness for offshore wind turbine foundations. This stiffness has a defining influence on the first natural frequency of offshore wind turbines (OWTs),...

Upscaling in porous media: Consequences of reducing the phase on the dynamic behavior of a homogenized medium

Effective-medium approaches are widely used to model initially heterogeneous systems: it saves computational time. In poroelasticity (two-phase media), it is advantageous to use one-phase effective medium if possible: it simplifies computations even more. In this paper we discuss situations where phase reduction introduces significant inaccuracy...

Aerodynamic damping of nonlinearily wind-excited wind turbine blades

This paper presents the first step of the derivation of an aerodynamic damping matrix that can be adopted for the foundation design of a wind turbine. A single turbine blade is modelled as a discrete mass-spring system, representing the flap and edge wise motions. Nonlinear wind forcing is applied, which couples the degrees of freedom. The...

Retrieving higher-mode surface waves using seismic interferometry by multidimensional deconvolution

Virtual-source surface-wave responses can be retrieved using the crosscorrelation of wavefields observed at two receivers. Higher-mode surface waves cannot be properly retrieved when there is a lack of subsurface sources, which is often the case. In this paper, we present a multidimensional-deconvolution scheme that introduces an additional...

Minimum-phase Property of Memory Functions in the Wave Equation

Memory functions occur in the wave equation as time-convolution operators and generally account for the instantaneous and non-instantaneous responses of a medium. The specific memory function that is causal and stable, and the inverse of which is also causal and stable, is conventionally referred to as minimum phase. In this paper we present ...