Maximizing Thermal Energy Recovery from Drinking Water for Cooling Purpose

Drinking water distribution networks (DWDNs) have a huge potential for cold thermal energy recovery (TED). TED can provide cooling for buildings and spaces with high cooling requirements as an alternative for traditional cooling, reduce usage of electricity or fossil fuel, and thus TED helps reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. There is no...

Microbiological Health Risk Assessment ofWater Conservation Strategies: A Case Study in Amsterdam

The aim of this study was to assess the health risks that may arise from the implementation of greywater reuse and rainwater harvesting for household use, especially for toilet flushing. In addition, the risk of cross connections between these systems and the drinking water system was considered. Quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) is...

Strategy for phosphorus recovery and wastewater treatment in Amsterdam

Life cycle assessment of nutrient recycling from wastewater: A critical review

Recovering resources from wastewater systems is increasingly being emphasised. Many technologies exist or are under development for recycling nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewater to agriculture. Planning and design methodologies are needed to identify and deploy the most sustainable solutions in given contexts. For the...

A Stochastic Model to Predict Flow, Nutrient and Temperature Changes in a Sewer under Water Conservation Scenarios

Reducing water use could impact existing sewer systems but this is not currently well understood. This work describes a new flow and wastewater quality model developed to investigate this impact. SIMDEUM WW® was used to generate stochastic appliance-specific discharge profiles for wastewater flow and concentration, which were fed into InfoWorks®...

Life cycle assessment of nutrient recovery from wastewater – current methodological practices

Life cycle assessment (LCA) is an established methodology to assess the potential environmental impacts of products and processes. We reviewed 49 recent LCA studies (2010-2019) on wastewater nutrient recovery to synthesise some current methodological practices. Their scopes, variations, nutrient recovery accounting, uncertainty and sensitivity...

Influence of cleantech interventions on wastewater chain and City of Amsterdam: Towards a resilient system for phosphorus recovery & valorisation

The wastewater chain of Amsterdam offers an opportunity to recover up to 100% of phosphorus per year, versus 47% currently recovered. However, for the stakeholders of Amsterdam (e.g. citizens, business) it remains difficult to scale-up existing solutions for resource recovery. Mainly, due to the limitations of the widelyused methods (e.g. mass...

Influence of an Extended Domestic Drinking Water System on the Drinking Water Quality

Drinking water and fire safety are strongly bonded to each other. Actual drinking water demand and fire flows are both delivered through the same network, and are both devoted to public health and safety. In The Netherlands, the discussion about fire flows supplied by the drinking water networks has drawn fire fighters and drinking water...

Influence profile of wastewater chain in Amsterdam: Towards resilient system for phosphorus recovery and Valorisation

The wastewater system of Amsterdam offers an opportunity to recover phosphorus, and contribute to circular economy. However, it remains unclear where to intervene in system to maximize recovery and valorisation in a resilient and feasible way. The Design Structure Matrix method was tested to define the system architecture from Food-Water-Energy...

An experimental study on the influence of water stagnation and temperature change on water quality in a full-scale domestic drinking water system

The drinking water quality changes during the transport through distribution systems. Domestic drinking water systems (DDWSs), which include the plumbing between the water meter and consumer's taps, are the most critical points in which water quality may be affected. In distribution networks, the drinking water temperature and water residence...

Development and validation of a drinking water temperature model in domestic drinking water supply systems

Domestic drinking water supply systems (DDWSs) are the final step in the delivery of drinking water to consumers. Temperature is one of the rate-controlling parameters for many chemical and microbiological processes and is, therefore, considered as a surrogate parameter for water quality processes. In this study, a mathematical model is...