Static and dynamic loads on the bottom row of armour units: A theoretical and physical model study

A physical model study on the row averaged static and dynamic load on the bottom row of single layer armour units in order to investigate the influence of various parameters such as the number of rows on the slope of a breakwater and the initial relative packing density.

Spatial distribution of overtopping

The scope of this research is to find an empirical formula to describe the distribution of wave overtopping in the region behind the crest. A physical model was set up in which irregular waves were generated. In order to find a formula which adequately describes the test observations, the influence of several parameters has been analysed. The...

Notional Permeability

Different layer design of a rock slope and under layers has a large effect on the strengths on the rock slope itself. In the stability formula developed of VAN DER MEER [1988] this effect is represented by the term Notional Permeability with symbol P. A more open, or permeable, structure underneath the armour layer has the ability to dissipate...

Breakwaters under construction exposed to oblique waves

A new series of physical model tests were conducted to analyse the behaviour of a breakwater core when it becomes exposed to wave attack. The emphasis of this research was on the measured influence of a wide stone grading on both the deformation of a breakwater trunk and the occurring longshore transport. This behaviour was investigated for both...