Photon Statistics in Millimeter-Submillimeter Wave Astronomy

When looking up to the sky and trying to detect the photons of far away stars that are still in formation, we can get access to knowledge we never had before. In order to do this, we must make sure we truly understand the nature of how photons behave in accordance to each other and to our detectors.In quantum optics we can see that these photons...

Analysing the Performance of SPLITTER: A Noise Removal Algorithm for DESHIMA 2.0

More insight has been gathered on the performance of the SPLITTER (Stationary spectrum Plus Low-rank Iterative TransmiTtance EstimatoR) algorithm as developed by Brackenhoff for denoising data gathered from observations of high-redshift galaxies. By using matrix decomposition to split the gathered data into a low-rank atmosphere matrix and a...

Photon-bunching in ground-based submillimeter-wave astronomy

DESHIMA (the Deep Spectroscopic High-Redshift Mapper) is a 347 channel superconducting spectrometer with spectral resolution R =500 that operates in the range of 220GHz to 440GHz and can therefore accurately measure the frequency of spectral lines in order to calculate redshift z.<br/>This report investigates the sensitivity of DESHIMA-like...

A Gas Emission Setup to Evaluate Wideband Sub-mm Spectrometers: For Frequency Calibration and Long Integration Analysis

A gas-cell-based calibration setup was designed to evaluate the wideband response of sub-millimeter spectrometers like DESHIMA (DEep Spectroscopic High-redshift MApper). The use of low pressure gas emission spectra allowed for accurate calibration of the absolute frequency response, and to test the detectability of faint emission spectra with...

Analysing a TiEMPO simulation of a DESHIMA 2.0 observation of the dusty starburst galaxy HFLS3

Observing dust obscured high redshift galaxies is vital to understand the evolution of the early universe and the formation of stars and galaxies. HFLS3 is such a galaxy, and its emission spectrum can be detected at submillimeter wavelengths. With the Deep Spectroscopic High-redshift Mapper 2.0 (DESHIMA 2.0) it is pos- sible to observe these...

SPLITTER: A data model and algorithm for detecting spectral lines and continuum emission of high-redshift galaxies using DESHIMA 2.0

We propose the Stationary spectrum Plus Low-rank Iterative TransmiTtance EstimatoR (SPLITTER) for removing wideband atmospheric noise from observations of high-redshift galaxies. This algorithm has specifically been developed for the DEep Spectroscopic HIgh-redshift MApper (DESHIMA) 2.0, a spectrometer that is designed to observe the waveband...

Simulation of a High-Redshift Line-Emitting Galaxy Detection with DESHIMA using TiEMPO

In this report, we will focus on simulating galaxy observations with the Deep Spectroscopic High-redshift Mapper (DESHIMA). To do so, we will discuss and evaluate two main parts needed to accurately perform such a simulation:<br/><br/>Firstly, we will answer the question whether Time-dependent End-to-end Model for Post-process Optimization ...

TiEMPO:Time-Dependent End-to-End Model for Post-process Optimization of the DESHIMA Spectrometer

Ultra-wideband submillimeter observations are crucial to study the process of star and galaxy formation and for characterizing cosmic dust in the interstellar medium. The Deep Spectroscopic High-redshift Mapper 2.0 (DESHIMA 2.0) will use an integrated superconducting spectrometer chip with a 220-440 GHz band coverage and a spectral resolution of...

Deposited Dielectrics with Low Cryogenic Microwave Loss and Their Room Temperature Properties

Superconducting resonators used in mm/sub-mm (MMW) astronomy would greatly benefit from deposited dielectrics with low dielectric loss. The excess loss in deposited dielectrics is mainly due to two-level systems (TLS), and there is no consensus on their microscopic origin. To study the relation between hydrogenated amorphous silicon’s (a-Si:H)...

Validity of analytical Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detector responsivity expressions

Astrophysical photons with a sub-millimetre wavelength are of great value to research star and galaxy formation. Superconductors have a small energy gap with which these sub-millimetre photons can be measured. Superconductors can absorb photons so that quasiparticles are created, which will in turn change the complex conductivity: incoming...

Modeling a virtual stream of photons from a black body source

In this thesis a model is described to simulate photons emitted from a black body source.

Noise and loss in superconducting resonators

Sub-mm astronomy in space calls for an array of photon noise limited detectors, both for imaging and broadband spectroscopy. Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs), superconducting resonance circuits, are a suitable candidate for this purpose due to its multiplexing potential, but in literature excess noise in phase readout is...

Submicron Kinetic Inductance Detectors for SAFARI: Improving MKID sensitivity through width reduction

Spectroscopic observations of a large number of galaxies in the far-infrared are critical in the study of galaxy evolution. These observations are difficult at the moment, because of the lack of good far-infrared (FIR) detector technology. Microwave Kinetic Inductance Detectors (MKIDs) are showing promising results to fill this void. A common...