A miniature chemical actuator with a compliant expansion chamber, passive exhaust valve and electrowetting-based fuel injection

In recent years, an increasing amount of research projects contributed to the development of flapping-wing-micro-aerial-vehicles (FWMAV) that can fly and perform hovering flight in confined spaces. However, scaling laws have a negative influence on the aerodynamic efficiency and actuator efficiency. Consequently, FWMAVs suffer from very limited...