Decoding Covert Speech from EEG: Development of a novel database containing EEG and audio signals during Dutch covert and overt speech

To enable communication for patients who have lost the ability to speak due to severe neuromuscular diseases, covert speech based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) might be used. These system use neural signals arising from covert speech and translate them into text or synthesised speech. Covert speech is imagining to speak without moving any of...

How Can Socio-Technical Systems Design Approaches Ensure Autonomy in Hiring Practices?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is widely used in hiring practices to identify the most suitable candidate for a vacancy. This is due to the promise of higher overall efficiency and lower costs. However, these AI-powered tools may create an inaccurate conception of the applicant's suitability to the vacancy by numerically quantifying context...

Why does the machine punish?: The effects of the use of machine learning in criminal sentencing on the application of the theories of punishment

In recent years, the practice of risk-assessment has started to utilize machine learning to take in larger data sets and improve prediction accuracy. Simultaneously, it has expanded into the sentencing stage of the criminal justice system. This paper analyzes the effect of these developments on the consideration of the theories of punishment...

Design approaches to tackle ethical issues for proficiency estimation in AI-enabled recruitment

Companies have been looking for automation in their hiring practices and Artificial Intelligence offers a solution. A popular opinion on the topic is that AI-enabled hiring will enhance talent acquisition overall, eliminating bias and bettering results. However, deployed AI hiring tools often do not offer a solution but worsen the problem by...

Using Machine Learning for University Admission: Mapping the Socio-Technical Issue

Machine learning algorithms were used in in the past decade to assist humans with recruitment and grades assessments in the academic field. For the most part, the algorithms either exacerbated existing biases or output unfair results. This could often be traced back to an ill-implementation of the systems in the social context. The academic...

Socio-technical design for clinical decision support algorithms

Clinical decision support systems is a collection name for a lot of Artificial Intelligence systems used in healthcare. These systems are designed to help health workers make decisions faster and make the healthcare environment as a whole more efficient. Decisions made by these systems often weigh heavy on the ethical side giving advice on what...

Automatic Psychological Text Analysis using Recurrent Neural Networks

Schema therapy is a type of psychological treatment for people suffering from personality disorders. A schema is a core psychological state of mind that influences external behaviour through the development of coping styles. Current schema therapy is time inefficient and human-processed. Enabling automatic schema classification helps the overall...

Active Learning To Reduce Human Labeling For Automatic Psychological Text Classification

In recent years there has been an increase in the number of patients for issues relating to mental illness. To this effect to help with this increase, schema mode assessment through a conversation agent is being used to conduct schema therapy, a form of psychological treatment. To train such an agent, training data labeled by humans is necessary...

Automatic Psychological Text Analysis using Support Vector Machine Classification

In recent years, there has been an increasing number of patients with mental disorders. A conversational agent is being developed to ensure an easier diagnosis based on the chat between a patient and the agent. The objective of this research is to assess how well Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifies text into its corresponding schema, which...

Automatic schema classification for Schema-Focused Therapy using k-Nearest Neighbour

Personality disorders affect 1 in 7 adults reducing their quality of life. Schema-focused therapy (SFT) has become very popular in Psychotherapy in the treatment of personality disorders (PD), unfortunately there is still in increasing societal need for such mental healthcare. Automation in the assessment of SFT allows for Ecological Momentary...

Deepfake Image detection using Anchored Pairwise Learning Approach

Deep learning has enabled technologies that have been perceived complex or impossible a few years ago. Deep learning models can be used to solve several complex problem statements thereby making it a prominent field of research. With the advancements of Deep learning models, their application in domains have diversified. One prominent use-case...

3D Human Pose Estimation: Using a Top-View Depth Camera

The onset of delirium, a disturbance in the mental activities of a patient, can be potentially detected by understanding activities within an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) room. Such activities can be extracted by estimating human pose via a visual capture of the scene. This work uses a top-view depth camera in an ICU room to estimate pose of the...

Exploring trade-offs in on-board versus cloud-based social robots

Social Robotics is an emerging field in Computer Science. Most social robots currently commercially available to buy do not have fast hardware components. As a result, the built-in software has low accuracy and performance with (amongst others) speech and facial recognition and dialogs during social interaction with users. Cloud computation...

Modeling User Dynamics for Item Recommendation

Users may show a behavioral pattern in consuming the items. For example, one might assume that a user is interested in comedy movies when this user watches comedy movies frequently. Recommender systems are designed to understand the preference of a user from his interactions with the items and suggest items that correspond to his preference....