Retrofitting Stormwater Ponds to Infiltration Ponds: A framework for the City of Cape Town

Cape Town is a city with over four million people and a growing population. Due to three consecutive dry summers as a result of climate change, a growing population and an increased per capita water demand, the city’s main water supply was nearly depleted. Cape Town depends for 98% on surface water stored in dammed reservoirs, which is...

Agricultural technology adoption by rural farmers in Malawi: A case study of a Small Enterprise in Malawi

The implementation of new agricultural technologies is considered a key component of Malawi’s agricul- tural development strategy. However, successful technology adoption has proven to be difficult, affecting both farmers and small businesses introducing the technology. With a primary focus on farmers interested in adopting the technology,...

Adsorption of organic micro pollutants with high silica zeolite in secondary wastewater effluent: Competition between OMP and NOM

This work investigated which NOM fraction from secondary wastewater effluent were causing competition with metoprolol and clarithromycin for adsorption site on high silica zeolites (HSZ). This thesis works with five commercially available HSZ frameworks (FAU, MOR, BEA, MFI and FER). Adsorption batch test were performed with demi water,...

PDAM Tirtawening: Investigating flow problems in the supply pipeline of PDAM Tirtawening.

The drinking water company PDAM Tirtawening has two pipelines that supply raw water to the treatment plant. The pipelines stretch out for 31 kilometers from Chikalong(small nearby town) to the treatment plant in Badaksinga in Bandung. For one of those pipelines the current flow to the treatment plant is well below the design flow. The original...

Dealing with Biofouling: Is There an environmentally friendly and economically attractive coating for the shipping industry?

The current approach in the shipping industry by the use of highly toxic coating systems is harmful for our inland waterways and oceans, does not benefit the public health and is very undesirable for all aquatic organisms on our planet.<br/>Almost every vessel today uses a toxic coating system which releases toxic compounds continually into our...

Flux decline and concentration polarization during ceramic nanofiltration for polyethylene glycols, silica, and phosphate retention

For all pressure driven membranes, one of the main problems which hinders the membrane practical application is the permeate flux reduction due to the solute accumulation on the membrane surface. The most popular explanation for the flux decline supported by Bhattachajee &amp;Bhattacharya (1993), contains two mechanisms: concentration...

Assessment of Fe(II), Fe(III) and NaMnO4 dosing for As removal <1 µg/L during aeration-filtration at WTP Prinsenbosch

In 2013, Brabant Water (BW) adopted a new goal of &lt;1 μg/l for As level in the drinking water, resulting in the need to enhance As removal at seven water treatment plants (WPT’s), including WTP Prinsenbosch (As = 2.6 μg/l). Earlier experiences of BW at WTP Dorst had shown that dosing of NaMnO4 to an aeration-filtration system efficiently...

Potential impacts of supply water quality change on aged household connection pipes

Driven by solving water shortage problems and meeting the increasing strict regulations of water quality, changes of supply water quality are commonly happening worldwide. These kinds of irregular changes can have impacts on drinking water distribution systems with accumulated material, leading to chemical, physical and microbiological...

Pilot study and modelling of remineralization of low-temperature desalinated water by calcite filtration

To prepare for future challenges, such as possible upcoming organic micro pollutants in the source water, including traces of medicines, pesticides, and industrial by-products, it is expected that the conventional treatment does not ensure a reliable quality of drinking water. As a result, during the past few years, Oasen started to research a...

MnO4 – Fe(III) dosing to rapid sand filters for removing arsenic from drinking water to <1 µg/l: A case study in Katwijk (Dunea)

Drinking water company Dunea N.V. produces drinking water by artificially infiltrating water into the dunes. During this dune passage arsenic is mobilized causing arsenic levels up to 4 µg/l in the influent of DWTP Katwijk. In this thesis the effectiveness of the MnO4 – Fe(III) dosing was evaluated on RSF influent of Dunea’s treatment plant...

The sewer system of urban Maputo

During three months information about the sewer system of Maputo was gathered, mostly at DNA, DAS, CRA, AdeM, AIAS and at the Municipality of Maputo. The information, consisting of reports, papers, maps, presentations and websites, was used to estimate the potential amount of wastewater in the sewer system of Urban Maputo. This wastewater could...