Series Operation of Switched-mode Power Supplies for LED Lighting

Solid-state LED lighting, as the fourth-generation lighting technology, has drawn great popularity due to its long lifetime, high luminous efficacy, high energy efficiency and sustainability. Technical advancement and rapid cost-down in LED technology bring entirely new possibilities in lighting applications and stimulate a significant...

T12 Electromagnetic Ballast Modeling And Retrofit LED Tube Driver Design

LED lamps have become increasingly popular in the market thanks to high energy efficiency. Tubular LED lamps are widely adopted to replace conventional linear fluorescent lamps, like T8 and T12. Compared with rewiring of fixtures (remove or bypass the ballast) retrofit LED Tubes (TLED), which can be directly powered by the existing ballast, are...

Design of Hybrid Safety relay system for Philips Instant fit LED Tubes(TLED)

Fluorescent lamp has been a very successful source of light. Installed base of TL(Tube Linear) is huge; more than 60 percent of artificial light is being generated today by fluorescent tube. However in the past few years LED lighting technology has been rapidly developed. LED (Light emitting diode) is a new technology that has become more energy...