Application of an inverse analysis using the Ensemble Kalman Filter method to a deep excavation case: with validation of constitutive soil models

Displacement control is of utmost importance in deep excavation design and is usually based on numerical modelling, e.g. Finite Element Method (FEM). Numerical methods tend to be more conservative when analysing soil behaviour during deep excavation, whereas for practical and economic reasons this is not favoured. The inverse analysis allows for...