In718-SS316L Functionally Graded Materials Produced by Directed Energy Deposition: A Comparative Study on Deformation due to residual stress through Simulation and Experimentation

Extrusion-based 3D printing and characterisation of biodegradable porous iron-akermanite composite scaffolds

The increase in the average human lifespan and the higher prevalence of extreme sports communities in the current society has led to an unfortunate increase in bone defect and fracture cases. Consequently, there is a growing demand for bone fracture therapy and technology. In the case of orthopaedic implants, research has been gradually...

Design of a Minimally Invasive Surgical Instrument Set: For an Innovative Titanium Implantable Vertebral Augmentation Device

Purpose<br/>As a result of the worldwide aging population, Vertebral Compression Fractures (VCF) are commonly detected in osteoporotic patients; these can originate from traumatic events or occur spontaneously. The existing VCF devices and their corresponding surgical instruments have their limitations in terms of short- and long-term...

Response of 3D printed lattice-based spinal fusion cages to static and dynamic loading

Back pain is a major economic problem that can dramatically affect the quality of life. There are many causes that can lead to back pain, but intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a recognised cause. The harmful effect of whole-body vibration (WBV) environment on the human intervertebral disc has been demonstrated to have an increased...

Design and heat treatment of 3D printed spinal cages

Back pain and back instability affect close to 80% of the population at some point during their life. One solution is to insert a spinal cage, which results in spinal fusion, meaning two vertebrae fuse together to create one big vertebra. This study focuses on the investigation of both the processing aspects as the design aspects of producing a...

Evaluation of Shear Properties of Hydrogel: Thermoplastic Based Tissue Equivalents for Articular Cartilage

Composite constructs made from gelatin methylacrylamide (gelMA) and polycaprolactone (PCL) have been proven as promising materials to form tissue equivalents which can be used to alleviate the problems arising due to damage of articular cartilage. Despite exhibiting an increase of compressive stiffness (up to 54 - fold) by synergistic...

Biomedical evaluation of magnesium based biodegradable osteosynthesis implants

Biodegradable materials such as polymers and magnesium and its alloys are gaining attention and approval for clinical use as osteosynthesis implants. However, polymers often lack the required mechanical strength and commercial Mg systems contain elements that are not naturally occurring in the body. Extra-high purity magnesium alloyed with 1...

A Customized Novel Halo with Displacement Based Pin Tightening for Pre-Operative Gravity Traction to Treat Severe Scoliosis

Severe scoliosis is a deformity of the curvature of the spine, mostly occurring in children. It is currently treated by performing Halo Gravity Traction (HGT) to reduce the curvature prior to surgery. In this procedure, a Bremer halo ring is fitted around the child's head and connected to the skull with a numberof pins. During the 3-month...

Dynamic characterisation of SOM degradation with an aerobic reaction network: A mechanistic toolbox

The growing agreement that soil organic matter (SOM) is an essential factor to predict and optimise a wide range of soil ecosystem services, has made the lack of generally accepted mechanistic modelling tools for SOM degradation a pressing matter. In this study, we developed a state of the art mechanistic toolbox which embodies the core of SOM...

Development of a framework to perform longitudinal micro-computed tomography monitoring on ex vivo embryonic chick femur cultures

In the field of bone tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, ex vivo embryonic chick femur culture models have demonstrated their experimental advantages. The work reported in this thesis was dedicated to the development of a framework through a bioreactor approach in combination with the technology of micro-computed tomography (?CT) to...

Preparation of Space Holding Particles for the Fabrication of Bone Tissue Engineering Porous Titanium Scaffolds with Space Holder Method

Flexible and Adaptable Service Provisioning for Federated Personal Networks

Personal network and their federations (called Fednet) are considered as one of the promising future concepts regarding the personal communication. In this thesis, we first studies the state of the art of Fednet, from which we know there are two approaches for providing the services in Fednet, one is overlay and the other is proxy-based. Each of...

A Multi-hop Aware Scheduling Mechanism for HSDPA and IEEE 802.11 Integrated Network

By simulating the integrated networks with multiple gateways and TCP flows, we get the unfairness in the HSDPA and IEEE 802.11 integrated networks. The unfairness has two sources: the HSDPA cellular subnetwork and the IEEE 802.11 subnetwork. A novel scheduling algorithm - Multi-hop Aware Scheduling has been proposed to resolve the unfairness...

Characterisation of melt spun Al-Fe-Si-V flakes and process optimization for enhanced mechanical properties at elevated temperatures