Epilogue

Descriptive research

A lot of knowledge is needed for a good design; one that is functional, affordable, with architectonic interest etc. The same applies to a wealth of other activities within the architectural discipline; as there are policy development, spatial planning, formulating programmes of requirement, building and maintenance. Knowledge may contribute to...

Types of study by design

In this book study by design – also called research by or through design – is defined as the development of knowledge by designing, studying the effects of this design, changing the design itself or its context, and studying the effects of the transformations. The ‘TOTE-model’ from systems analysis may be recognised in this : Test → Operate →...

Criteria for scientific study and design

Could a design be the product of scientific work to be compared with a scientific report? If so, under which conditions and when? The topic is eagerly discussed both within and outside of faculties of architecture. On the web-site of the Design Research Society (DRS) there is a lively debate on what a design study and a study by design really...

Introduction

This methodological book describes eight forms of study as they relate to design:<br/>- Naming and describing;<br/>- Design research and typology;<br/>- Evaluating;<br/>- Modelling;<br/>- Programming and optimising;<br/>- Technical study;<br/>- Design study;<br/>- Study by design.<br/>These eight sections are the spine of the work. Its...

Retrieval and reference

Knowledge from study may be transferred in different ways: in words and images, via lectures and exhibitions, in the form of articles or books; and electronically.<br/>For the time being, the form used most frequently is written publication in text and illustration. However publishing on CD-ROM and the Internet are witnessing rapid development....

Programming of buildings

A vital function of a building is spatial organisation of activity. Designing must have a sound insight into points of departure objectives and wishes of users: their activities, organisational structure and ensuing spatial consequences. When a new organisation is looking for an adress; or when an existing organisation has decided that present...

Ex post evaluation of buildings

Literally, ‘evaluating’ means to assess something’s ‘value’. It would seem that the term orginated in the banking world, where evaluation stands for appraisal in terms of the stock exchange, and for determining prices in cash. In the case of evaluations in the discipline of architecture, it is relevant to distinguish between product orientated...

Evaluating prototypes

Prototype design usually includes both ex ante evaluation and ex post evaluation. Ex ante evaluation of a first design may lead either to adaptations or to the conclusion that the design is ready to be built. After construction, ex post evaluation of the building may give rise to improvements. When the improved design is built, practical...