Rocking Revisited 1: Rocking of a Singe Cube on a Breakwater Slope

Prototype single layer armour units on a breakwater slope are observed to break. To predict when breakage occurs, the objective of this research project is to obtain knowledge on, and measurements of the rocking behaviour and failure mode of single layer armour units. A single cube on a breakwater slope is subjected to investigations. An...

The influence of the wave height distribution on the stability of single layer concrete armour units

The dimensions of single layer concrete armour units (interlocking armour units) are calculated with a similar stability relation as the stability relation for quarry stone. In these design formulas an 'average/significant' wave load is used (Hs). Since quarry stone gains its stability only from gravity, this type of armour unit is constructed...

Static and dynamic loads on the first row of interlocking, single layer armour units

Interlocking, single layer concrete armour units are placed in a specific grid depending on the type of armour unit. Within this grid, armour units are placed in horizontal rows. The number of horizontal rows of single layer armour units on a breakwater is limited to 20. This limit is proposed in order to prevent major settlements, which might...

Extraction Force Xbloc: Model Tests

This report describes the influence of the slope angle of a breakwater slope, the density of the concrete of the Xbloc armour unit, the vertical position of the Xbloc on the breakwater slope and the roughness of the under layer of the breakwater on the extraction force of an Xbloc armour unit. By testing the extraction force, indirectly the...

Stability of single layer armour units on low-crested structures

Two dimensional physical model tests are executed with Xbloc armour units on low crested structures to answer the objective. On the basis of findings in the literature study it can be expected that the stability of the Xbloc elements on low-crested breakwaters is a function of crest freeboard and crest width. The crest freeboard (Rc/Dn) varied...

Effect of the concrete density on the stability of Xbloc armour units

This thesis is about the influence of the specific weight on the stability of single layer interlocking armour units on rubble mound breakwaters. The hydraulic stability of the Xbloc armour unit is expressed by the stability number which is based on the assumption of dominance of lift, drag and gravity forces. If other forces have significant...

Kostenbeschouwing van conventionele golfbrekers met betonelementen

In een gebied als Nederland met een relatiefflauw oplopende kust, heeft de conventionele stortstenen golfbreker in het verleden de voorkeur gekregen boven andere typen golfbrekers. Binnen de brekerzone wordt de golfhoogte begrensd door de waterdiepte, wat de keuze ten aanzien van de conventioneIe stortstenen golfbreker bevestigt aangezien de...