A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies multiple longevity genes

Human longevity is heritable, but genome-wide association (GWA) studies have had limitedsuccess. Here, we perform two meta-analyses of GWA studies of a rigorous longevityphenotype definition including 11,262/3484 cases surviving at or beyond the age corre-sponding to the 90th/99th survival percentile, respectively, and 25,483 controls whose...

Modeling of information diffusion on social networks with applications to WeChat

Traces of user activities recorded in online social networks open new possibilities to systematically understand the information diffusion process on social networks. From the online social network WeChat, we collected a large number of information cascade trees, each of which tells the spreading trajectory of a message/information such as which...

Epidemics in interconnected small-world networks

Networks can be used to describe the interconnections among individuals, which play an important role in the spread of disease. Although the small-world effect has been found to have a significant impact on epidemics in single networks, the small-world effect on epidemics in interconnected networks has rarely been considered. Here, we study the...

Studying the effect of optimizing image quality in salient regions at the expense of background content

Manufacturers of commercial display devices continuously try to improve the perceived image quality of their products. By applying postprocessing techniques on the incoming signal, they aim to enhance the quality level perceived by the viewer. These postprocessing techniques are usually applied globally over the whole image but may cause side...

Robustness and Optimization of Complex Networks: Reconstructability, Algorithms and Modeling

The infrastructure networks, including the Internet, telecommunication networks, electrical power grids, transportation networks (road, railway, waterway, and airway networks), gas networks and water networks, are becoming more and more complex. The complex infrastructure networks are crucial to our human society, and it has been a hot research ...

Characterizing the Structure of Affiliation Networks

ur society contains all types of organizations, such as companies, research groups and hobby clubs. Affliation networks, as a large and important portion of social networks, consist of individuals and their affiation relations: Two individuals are connected by a link if they belong to the same organization(s). Affliation networks naturally...

A Social Network Model Exhibiting Tunable Overlapping Community Structure

Social networks, as well as many other real-world networks, exhibit overlapping community structure. In this paper, we present formulas which facilitate the computation for characterizing the overlapping community structure of networks. A hypergraph representation of networks with overlapping community structure is introduced. Using the...

Studying the relative impact of ghosting and noise on the perceived quality of MR images

In current magnetic resonance (MR) imaging systems, design choices are confronted with a trade-off between structured (i.e. artifacts) and unstructured noise. The impact of both types of noise on perceived image quality, however, is so far unknown, while this knowledge would be highly beneficial for further improvement of MR imaging systems. In...