document

Optimal Energy Management Strategies and Mission Profiles for a generic Hybrid Aircraft

Oliviero, F. (author), Swannet, K. (author)

The present paper shows the main characteristic of a numerical simulation tool, developed in the framework of the European H2020 project MAHEPA, to estimate optimal flight performance of a generic aircraft featuring a Hybrid powertrain. The purpose of the study is to determine optimal flight trajectories together with optimal power controls when...

conference paper 2023

document

Cost benefit and environmental impact assessment of autonomous eTaxi

Roling, P.C. (author)

One of the proposed methods of decreasing fuel consumption and emissions at airport is by equipping aircraft with electric motors for movement on the ground. In this paper a high level determination is given on what the potential average and marginal fuel savings and impact on emissions is for some of the larger airports and airlines in Europe...

conference paper 2023

document

Low-Frequency Intensity Modulation of High-Frequency Rotor Noisel

Baars, W.J. (author), Ragni, D. (author)

Rotor noise comprises harmonic features, related to the blade passing frequency, as well as broadband noise. Even though acoustic spectra yield frequency-distributions of acoustic energy within pressure time series, they do not reveal phase-relations between different frequency components. The latter are of critical importance for the...

conference paper 2023

document

Aerodynamic Design Space Exploration of a Fuselage Boundary Layer Ingesting Aircraft

van Sluis, M. (author), della Corte, B. (author), Gangoli Rao, A. (author)

Fuselage Boundary-Layer Ingestion (BLI) is a promising example of synergistic design and propulsion-airframe integration to reduce fuel burn. For a BLI configuration, the aero propulsive performance of the aircraft is a result of the complex aerodynamic interaction between the fuselage airframe and the BLI propulsor. This paper presents a design...

conference paper 2023

document

Flow-field and Noise Characterization of a Controlled-Diffusion Airfoil under stall

Kalyani, S.K. (author), Jaiswal, P. (author), Rendón, Jose (author), Moreau, Stéphane (author), Ragni, D. (author)

The present experimental investigation focuses on a flow-field and noise characterization of a CD airfoil experiencing large flow separation and stall. Measurements are performed to investigate the effect of Reynolds number stalling noise signature of the CD airfoil. This study includes investigation of the potential interaction of wind tunnel...

conference paper 2023

document

Beamforming in an annular duct with swirling flow

Sijtsma, P. (author), Brouwer, Harry (author), Snellen, M. (author)

The fan-stator stage of turbofan engines is one of the main regions of broadband noise generation. The trend of increasing bypass ratios will make fan-stator broadband noise even more significant, as jet noise will decrease and nacelles will become shorter, thus leaving less space for liners. Within the fan-stator stage there are several...

conference paper 2023

document

Two-phase wake-mixing layer flow past a splitter plate: an experimental investigation

Della Pia, A. (author), Michelis, Theodorus (author), Chiatto, Matteo (author), Kotsonis, M. (author), de Luca, Luigi (author)

The wake-mixing layer flow developing past a splitter plate separating two parallel gas and liquid co-flowing currents is experimentally investigated in this work. Time-resolved particle image velocimetry (TR-PIV) measurements of the two-phase velocity field are simultaneously performed in gas and liquid streams, shedding light on both mean ...

conference paper 2023

document

QAR Data-Driven Calibration of Physics-based Aircraft Performance Models using a Machine-Learning Approach

del Pozo Domínguez, María (author), López Leonés, Javier (author), Roling, P.C. (author)

Aircraft performance has always been a focus of attention in aviation. The work of aircraft designers, certifying agencies, aircraft operators, and air traffic controllers relies on aircraft performance models. Current aircraft performance models are based on performance data of brand-new aircraft, independent of airline configuration and...

conference paper 2023

document

Cost benefit and environmental impact assessment of operational towing

Roling, P.C. (author), Segeren, M. (author)

One of the potentially most significant ways of decreasing emissions at airport is by towing the aircraft on the ground instead of using its main engines. In this paper we will give a large overview of what the potential average and marginal fuel savings and impact on emissions is for some of the larger airports in Europe and North America....

conference paper 2023

document

Contribution of Swirl Recovery to the Induced Drag of a Propeller-Wing System – A Parametric Study

Nederlof, R. (author), Kooij, R.N.F. (author), Veldhuis, L.L.M. (author), Sinnige, T. (author)

With the rise of distributed propeller concepts, there is an increased interest in quantifying the interaction between propeller slipstream and wing. It is known from literature that the local upwash induced by the propeller swirl can lead to a reduction of the wing-induced drag, a phenomenon often referred to as swirl recovery. However, at the...

conference paper 2023

document

Shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction over a flexible panel

Laguarda, L. (author), Hickel, S. (author), Schrijer, F.F.J. (author), van Oudheusden, B.W. (author)

Wall-resolved large-eddy simulations (LES) are carried out to investigate the aeroelastic coupling between a Mach 2.0 impinging shock-wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction (STBLI) and a flexible thin-panel. After the initial transient, the panel exhibits self-sustained oscillatory behavior with varying oscillation amplitude, confirming the...

conference paper 2023

document

Direct Numerical Simulation of a Turbulent Boundary Layer over Acoustic Liners

Shahzad, H. (author), Hickel, S. (author), Modesti, D. (author)

The nacelle of aircraft engines is coated with acoustic liners to reduce engine noise. An undesirable effect of these liners is that they increase aerodynamic drag. We study this drag penalty by performing Direct Numerical Simulations of a turbulent boundary layer over an acoustic liner array at friction Reynolds number, Re τ ≈ 850–2500. We use...

conference paper 2023

document

High-Fidelity Simulations of Propeller-Wing Interactions in High-Lift Conditions

Pinto Ribeiro, A. (author), Duivenvoorden, R.R. (author), Martins, Diogo (author)

The recent increased interest in distributed propulsion and electric vertical take-off and landing vehicles have made propeller wake interactions with the aircraft more relevant. The interaction between high-lift wings and propeller slipstreams are still not fully understood and several research efforts are being carried out to improve that...

conference paper 2023

document

Electric Taxiing with Disruption Management: Assignment of Electric Towing Vehicles to Aircraft

Zoutendijk, M. (author), van Oosterom, S.J.M. (author), Mitici, M.A. (author)

Reducing aircraft taxiing emissions will deliver a significant contribution to the worldwide goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions in the aviation industry. Replacing jet-engine taxiing by towing aircraft with electric towing vehicles is expected to reduce taxiing emissions by roughly 80%. Introducing a fleet of towing vehicles introduces...

conference paper 2023

document

Numerical Simulation of Grid-Generated Turbulence Interaction with a NACA0012 Airfoil

Trascinelli, L. (author), Bowen, Luke (author), Piccolo, A. (author), Zamponi, R. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Zhou, Beckett Y. (author), Zang, Bin (author)

The present study assesses the ability to numerically predict turbulence-interaction noise of a NACA0012 airfoil with grid-generated turbulence by utilizing the Lattice Boltzmann solver PowerFLOW. Both the near-field flow characteristics and far field noise are bench-marked against an existing experimental study. The grid was chosen to match...

conference paper 2023

document

Turbulence-distortion analysis for leading-edge noise-prediction enhancement

Piccolo, A. (author), Zamponi, R. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author)

The analytical model for leading-edge noise prediction formulated by Amiet, developed for a flat plate, relates the far-field acoustic pressure to the upstream inflow conditions, modeled by canonical turbulence spectra. The inaccurate results provided by this low-fidelity method when applied to thick airfoils has been attributed to the...

conference paper 2023

document

Low-order acoustic prediction tool for estimating noise emissions from distributed propeller configurations

do Nascimento Monteiro, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Avallone, F. (author), Sinnige, T. (author)

A low-order numerical tool for estimating noise emissions from distributed propeller configurations is presented. The paper describes the tool's computational framework, which uses Hanson's near-field theory to calculate the thickness and loading noise components. The formulation assumes steady blade loading, but an unsteady case can be handled...

conference paper 2023

document

Numerical Simulations of a Landing Gear with Flow Through Fairings for Noise Mitigation

Terracol, Marc (author), Manueco, Lucas (author), Manoha, Eric (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Rubio Carpio, A. (author)

This study presents a numerical investigation of the noise mitigation effect provided by several fairings placed upstream of a simplified two-wheel landing gear. The chosen configuration is equipped with detachable elements that mimic realistic components, e.g. brakes and torque link, to include representative landing gear noise sources. Several...

conference paper 2023

document

Impact of Control Allocation Methods on the Design of Control Surface Layouts for Box-Wing Aircraft under Flying Qualities Constraints

Wahler, N.F.M. (author), Varriale, Carmine (author), la Rocca, G. (author)

This paper compares optimum control surface layouts designed and sized to obtain the same Flying Qualities (FQs) performance with different Control Allocation (CA) methods, and proposes novel layouts for staggered box-wing aircraft aimed at transonic commercial flight. Box-wings allow the installation of redundant control surfaces for which no...

conference paper 2023

document

Wall treatments for aeroacoustic measurements in closed wind tunnel test sections

Mourão Bento, H.F. (author), VanDercreek, Colin (author), Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author), Sijtsma, P. (author), Snellen, M. (author)

Aeroacoustic tests in closed wind tunnels are affected by reflections in the tunnel circuit and background noise. Reflections can be mitigated by lining the tunnel circuit. The present study investigates if lining exclusively the most accessible segment of a closed wind tunnel circuit, in particular the test section, is an approach which...

conference paper 2023