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Liu, Zhengxuan (author), Sun, Ying (author), Huang, Ruopeng (author)The increasing greenhouse gas (CO2) emissions constitute one of the most significant global environmental issues. CO2 emissions from buildings and transportation are responsible for the largest proportion of total global carbon emissions from various sectors. Therefore it is necessary to utilize clean energy sources (e.g., renewable energy,...book chapter 2024
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Peck, David (author)Buildings are an essential part of living for everyone in the world. They provide at the most basic level shelter and safety. Buildings are where people live, work, and play.<br/><br/>The construction sector in the European Union is, however, the highest producer of waste when compared to other economic sectors, accounting for 35% of the total...book chapter 2024
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Mirzaali, Mohammad J. (author), Shahriari, N.S. (author), Zhou, J. (author), Zadpoor, A.A. (author)Additive manufacturing (AM) technologies, particularly those based on powder bed fusion (PBF), most notably, selective laser melting (SLM) for metals, have in recent years emerged as unique fabrication methods for patient-specific implants made of metals and their alloys. The ability to manufacture complex geometries together with the other...book chapter 2023
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Speretta, S. (author), Bouwmeester, J. (author), Menicucci, A. (author), Di Mascio, S. (author), Uludag, M.S. (author)This chapter provides an overview of the command and data handling system (CDHS) in small satellites and CubeSats. The chapter presents first analysis of radiation effects, specifically targeted at this subsystem, to justify components and architecture choices. Improvements in radiation testing strategies are also presented, specifically for...book chapter 2023
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Guatame-Garcia, Adriana (author), Buxton, M.W.N. (author), Tinti, Francesco (author), Kasmaeeyazdi, Sara (author), Bodenan, Francoise (author), Schick, Joachim (author)This chapter provides a comprehensive review of techniques, instruments, and methods suitable for mine residue sampling and characterization, using the potential recovery of critical raw materials (CRMs) from bauxite residues as an example. The sampling methods address diverse strategies for assessing the suitability of CRMs recovery,...book chapter 2023
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Ashcroft, Ian (author), Pascoe, J.A. (author)The fatigue behavior of an adhesively bonded joint is of key importance to its long-term structural integrity. However, the complex stress distribution inside a bonded joint does not make it easy to evaluate the fatigue behavior. This chapter discusses the various approaches that have been developed for predicting the fatigue behavior of...book chapter 2023
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Yan, Kun (author), Neal, Jeffrey C. (author), Solomatine, D.P. (author), Di Baldassarre, Giuliano (author)This chapter provides an overview of global and low-cost topographic data to support flood studies, with a focus on usefulness of shuttle radar topography mission (SRTM) topography in supporting two-dimensional hydraulic modeling of floods. In particular, flood propagation and inundation modeling of a 10-km reach of the River Dee (United...book chapter 2023
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Moreno Fernandez-Villamil, F.J. (author), Karpov, I. (author), Ahmed, A.H.S. (author), Foglia, J.M. (author), Wu, H. (author), Gadekar, A. (author), Swinkels, P.L.J. (author), Gani, R. (author)The use of refrigerants has been continuously increasing in thermal control systems employed in residential premises, offices, storage, process operations and many more. Widely used refrigerants such as R-410A have become a target for regulations to prohibit their use because of environmental issues. R-410A is a blend of R-32 (Difluoromethane...book chapter 2023
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Lewin, Daniel R. (author), Zondervan, Edwin (author), Franke, Meik (author), Kiss, A.A. (author), Pérez-Fortes, Mar (author), Schweidtmann, A.M. (author), (Ellen) Slegers, Petronella M. (author), Somoza Tornos, A. (author), Swinkels, P.L.J. (author)An educational workshop for developing Process Systems Engineering (PSE) courses will be held during ESCAPE-33, following the model workshop that was run during the CAPE Forum 2022 held at the University of Twente, in the Netherlands. This 3-hour workshop distributes the participants into four teams working together to develop the outline of...book chapter 2023
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Shijaz, H. (author), Gallucci, Fausto (author), Straathof, Adrie J.J. (author), Posada Duque, J.A. (author)Syngas fermentation is a biochemical pathway to produce ethanol and has been commercialized successfully. The economic viability of this process could be further improved to become more competitive in the existing ethanol market. Improving gas utilization is the key, and can be done by recycling the unreacted syngas. This work is an early...book chapter 2023
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Alexiou, Evangelos (author), Nehmé, Yana (author), Zerman, Emin (author), Viola, Irene (author), Lavoué, Guillaume (author), Ak, Ali (author), Smolic, Aljosa (author), Le Callet, Patrick (author), Cesar, Pablo (author)Volumetric video (VV) is a novel form of video that allows recreation of real-world scenes in 3D with users consuming the content from any viewpoint they desire. This makes VV best suited for augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) applications. This freedom necessitates increased user interaction with the VV itself, which brings new...book chapter 2023
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Li, Jie (author), Cesar, Pablo (author)Virtual reality (VR) is the experience in a simulated interactive virtual space. It provides synthetic sensory feedback to users' actions that can physically and mentally immerse the users. Social VR is one type of VR system that allows multiple users to join a collaborative virtual environment and communicate with each other, usually by...book chapter 2023
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Giannakopoulos, G. (author), Perilla Guerra, A.D. (author), Rueda, José L. (author), Palensky, P. (author), Gonzalez-Longatt, Francisco (author)Modernization of power systems leads to more power electronic interfaced units in the generation, demand, and transmission. Examples are remotely installed renewable energy sources, loads with constant power, or high voltage direct current (HVDC) corridors. These changes significantly affect the frequency stability margins of the system and...book chapter 2023
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Brosinsky, Christoph (author), Karaçelebi, M. (author), Cremer, Jochen (author)The reader of the chapter will be able to connect techniques from machine learning (ML) and digital twins (DTs) to gain insights for monitoring and control of (dynamic) security for electrical power systems. DTs are validated and verified high-fidelity (hf) models providing high simulation accuracy. DTs can be used for simulation of the...book chapter 2023
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Avallone, F. (author), Ragni, D. (author)Noise reduction is one of the major challenges to the societal acceptance of wind turbines. Aerodynamic noise sources are the dominant ones, assuming that mechanical noise can be reduced by correct insulation and periodic maintenance of the gearbox and drive train and by adding insulating material in the wind-turbine nacelle. The dominant...book chapter 2023
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Li, Q. (author), Finn, Adrian J. (author), Doyle, Stephen J. (author), Smith, Robin (author), Kiss, A.A. (author)The synthesis of heat-integrated distillation sequences for energy-efficient separation of zeotropic multicomponent mixtures is complex due to the many interconnected design degrees of freedom. This paper explores the basis on which reliable screening can be carried out. To solve this problem, a screening algorithm has been developed using...book chapter 2023
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Manalal, J.T. (author), Pérez-Fortes, Mar (author), Ibarra Gonzalez, P. (author), Ramirez, Andrea (author)Due to the heavy dependence on fossil-fuels as raw materials, the defossilization of feedstocks in the petrochemical industry represents a challenge. A large number of possible process routes that use alternative carbon sources (ACS) like CO2, biomass, and waste are being developed for the feedstock replacement. For instance, to produce ethylene...book chapter 2023
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Schulze Balhorn, L. (author), Hirtreiter, E.J. (author), Luderer, Lynn (author), Schweidtmann, A.M. (author)Artificial intelligence has great potential for accelerating the design and engineering of chemical processes. Recently, we have shown that transformer-based language models can learn to auto-complete chemical process flowsheets using the SFILES 2.0 string notation. Also, we showed that language translation models can be used to translate...book chapter 2023
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Blackman, Bamber (author), Sun, Fengzhen (author), Teixeira De Freitas, S. (author), De Barros, S.R. (author), Moreira Arouche, M. (author), Ivankovic, Alojz (author)This chapter discusses the mixed-mode loading of adhesive joints. The importance of mixed-mode loading is first introduced and then test methods commonly used to measure the mixed-mode fracture resistance of adhesive joints are presented and briefly discussed. The approaches to determine the fracture resistance are briefly reviewed and then...book chapter 2023
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Mukolwe, Micah (author), Di Baldassarre, Giuliano (author), Bogaard, T.A. (author)The growing coincidence of occurrence of natural hazards and vulnerable societies, leading to economic damages and fatalities, has triggered more studies on benefits of prevention measures. This chapter describes a study that aims to demonstrate benefits of risk-prevention measures by applying the KULTURisk methodology (see Chapter 6). The...book chapter 2023